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Orellana-Urzúa S, Briones-Valdivieso C, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Potential Role of Natural Antioxidants in Countering Reperfusion Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1760. [PMID: 37760064 PMCID: PMC10525378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and acute myocardial infarction are leading causes of mortality worldwide. The latter accounts for approximately 9 million deaths annually. In turn, ischemic stroke is a significant contributor to adult physical disability globally. While reperfusion is crucial for tissue recovery, it can paradoxically exacerbate damage through oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and cell death. Therefore, it is imperative to explore diverse approaches aimed at minimizing ischemia/reperfusion injury to enhance clinical outcomes. OS primarily arises from an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or decreased endogenous antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidant compounds can counteract the injury mechanisms linked to ROS. While promising preclinical results, based on monotherapies, account for protective effects against tissue injury by ROS, translating these models into human applications has yielded controversial evidence. However, since the wide spectrum of antioxidants having diverse chemical characteristics offers varied biological actions on cell signaling pathways, multitherapy has emerged as a valuable therapeutic resource. Moreover, the combination of antioxidants in multitherapy holds significant potential for synergistic effects. This study was designed with the aim of providing an updated overview of natural antioxidants suitable for preventing myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Orellana-Urzúa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | | | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
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2
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Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Carotenoids in Mood Disorders: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030676. [PMID: 36978923 PMCID: PMC10045512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression has a multifactorial etiology comprising family history and unemployment. This review aims to summarize the evidence available for the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of carotenoids in mood disorders. This review article’s methodologies were based on a search of the PubMed database for all linked published papers. Epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, and olive oil may prevent the development of depression. Antioxidant supplementation has been found to combat various stress-induced psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. A growing body of evidence indicates that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Studies also suggest that poor dietary intake, particularly low intakes of fruit and vegetables and high intakes of fast food and other convenience foods, may increase the risk of developing depression. Thus, dietary interventions have the potential to help mitigate the risk of mental health decline in both the general population and those with mood disorders. Considering that carotenoids have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is expected that they might exert a promising antidepressant effect. Nevertheless, further studies (including interventional and mechanistic studies) assessing the effect of carotenoids on preventing and alleviating depression symptoms are needed.
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Effects of Lycopene Attenuating Injuries in Ischemia and Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9309327. [PMID: 36246396 PMCID: PMC9568330 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9309327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tissue and organ ischemia can lead to cell trauma, tissue necrosis, irreversible damage, and death. While intended to reverse ischemia, reperfusion can further aggravate an ischemic injury (ischemia-reperfusion injury, I/R injury) through a range of pathologic processes. An I/R injury to one organ can also harm other organs, leading to systemic multiorgan failure. A type of carotenoid, lycopene, has been shown to treat and prevent many diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, male infertility, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disease), making it a hot research topic in health care. Some recent researches have suggested that lycopene can evidently ameliorate ischemic and I/R injuries to many organs, but few clinical studies are available. Therefore, it is essential to review the effects of lycopene on ischemic and I/R injuries to different organs, which may help further research into its potential clinical applications.
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Abd Al Haleem EN, Ahmed HI, El-Naga RN. Lycopene and Chrysin through Mitigation of Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress Exerted Antidepressant Effects in Clonidine-Induced Depression-like Behavior in Rats. J Diet Suppl 2021; 20:391-410. [PMID: 34633271 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1988797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a severely debilitating psychiatric disorder that influences more than 15% of the population worldwide. It has been demonstrated that it is associated with a high risk of developing other diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, stroke, epilepsy, and cancer. The current study examines the possibility of chrysin and lycopene having an antidepressant effect in a rat model of depression induced by clonidine, as well as the mechanisms underlying this effect, including the role of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Rats were allotted into seven groups. The rats in group 1 served as a control. Group 2 received lycopene only. Group 3 was provided chrysin only. Group 4 was administered clonidine and served as the model. Group 5 was offered lycopene and clonidine. Group 6 was administered chrysin and clonidine. Group 7 was given FLX and clonidine and represented the standard. The experiment lasted two weeks, during which behavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical measurements were performed. Lycopene and chrysin were used to correct the concentrations of noradrenaline and serotonin hippocampal tissue concentrations. These findings were also improved by immunohistochemical analysis of GFAP, VEGF, caspase3, and histopathological examinations, in which pretreatment of rats with lycopene and chrysin reversed all clonidine-induced alterations. The current research demonstrates that lycopene and chrysin have an auspicious antidepressant effect against clonidine that provoked behavioral hopelessness in rats. Manipulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may partially represent the corrective mechanism for the neuroprotective actions against the depressive effect of clonidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram Nemr Abd Al Haleem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatalla I Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Park HA, Stumpf A, Broman K, Jansen J, Dunn T, Scott M, Crowe-White KM. Role of lycopene in mitochondrial protection during differential levels of oxidative stress in primary cortical neurons. BRAIN DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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6
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Li T, Zhang Y, Qi Y, Liu H. Lycopene prevents oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced autophagic death in SH-SY5Y cells via inhibition of the oxidative stress-activated AMPK/mTOR pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:594. [PMID: 34165166 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene has been reported to exert a protective effect on the brain against transient ischemia‑induced damage; however, whether it could regulate autophagic neuronal death remains elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in the protective effects of lycopene against neuronal damage and its underlying mechanism. Oxygen‑glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to simulate neuronal ischemic injury in human SH‑SY5Y cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay revealed that OGD induced SH‑SY5Y cell death. Western blotting demonstrated that OGD upregulated the expression levels of the autophagy marker proteins autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) and LC3II, but downregulated the autophagy substrate p62 in a time‑dependent manner. By contrast, OGD‑induced cell death was significantly inhibited by the autophagy inhibitors 3‑methyladenine or bafilomycin A1 or by knockdown of ATG5, indicating that OGD may induce autophagic death in SH‑SY5Y cells. Notably, lycopene was shown not only to prevent OGD‑induced SH‑SY5Y cell death, but was also able to effectively inhibit OGD‑induced upregulation of ATG5 and LC3II, and downregulation of p62 in a dose‑dependent manner. Mechanistically, it was suggested that lycopene inhibited OGD‑induced activation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway via attenuation of oxidative stress by maintaining the intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, the inhibitory role of lycopene in GSH depletion was found to be associated with the prevention of OGD‑induced depletion of intracellular cysteine and downregulation of xCT. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that lycopene protected SH‑SY5Y cells against OGD‑induced autophagic death by inhibiting oxidative stress‑dependent activation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yi Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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Kirmizi DA, Baser E, Okan A, Kara M, Yalvac ES, Doganyigit Z. The effect of a natural molecule in ovary ischemia reperfusion damage: does lycopene protect ovary? Exp Anim 2021; 70:37-44. [PMID: 32921696 PMCID: PMC7887625 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.20-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian ischemia is a gynecological emergency case that occurs as a result of ovarian torsion. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the development of ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injuries. Lycopene (LYC) is a lipophilic, natural carotenoid well known for its antioxidant properties. This study provides information on the potential applications of lycopene. The Wistar Albino rats were distributed into six groups: Sham group (only a laparotomy was performed), Control group [laparotomy and intraperitoneal dissolvent (olive oil)], IR group, IR+olive oil group, IR+LYC 2.5 mg/kg/dose, intraperitoneal group, IR+LYC 5 mg/kg/dose intraperitoneal group. Evaluated in terms of histopathological changes, tissue malondialdehyde levels (MDA), ovarian expressions of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) and the TUNEL method was utilized to show apoptosis of ovarian tissue. There was a significant decrease in MDA, p-NF-κB values and the proportion of apoptotic cells assessed by TUNEL compared to the group that did not receive intraperitoneal LYC in rat injury with IR damage (P<0.05). In histopathological damage scoring, it was observed that the cell damage was significantly reduced in LYC-administered groups. LYC showed significant ameliorative effects on ovary injury caused by IR through acting as an antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Aydogan Kirmizi
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No:44, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Emre Baser
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No:44, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No:44, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kara
- Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bagbasi District Sahir Kurutluoğlu Street No: 100, 40100, Kırsehir, Turkey
| | - Ethem Serdar Yalvac
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No:44, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Zuleyha Doganyigit
- Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Adnan Menderes Boulevard No:44, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
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Improvement of Executive Function after Short-Term Administration of an Antioxidants Mix Containing Bacopa, Lycopene, Astaxanthin and Vitamin B12: The BLAtwelve Study. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010056. [PMID: 33375429 PMCID: PMC7824614 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few years increasing interest has been focused on antioxidants as potentially useful agents in the prevention of the onset and progression of cognitive dysfunction. In this randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel arm study, the effects of daily consumption of an antioxidant mix on cognitive function in healthy older adults were evaluated. After a 1 week run-in period, 80 subjects aged 60 years or more, and with no evidence of cognitive dysfunction, were randomly allocated to a mix of four bioactive compounds (bacopa, lycopene, astaxanthin, and vitamin B12) or matched placebo, taken orally once a day for 8 weeks. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the changes in trial making test (TMT) scores from baseline to 8 weeks of treatment, analyzed in the following hierarchical order: TMT-B, TMT-A, and TMT-B minus TMT-A. TMT-B increased in the control group (+3.46 s) and decreased in the active group (−17.63 s). The treatment difference was −21.01 s in favor of the active group (95% C.I. −26.80 to −15.2, p < 0.0001). The decrease in TMT-A was significantly higher in the active group (−6.86 s) than in the control group (−0.37 s). TMT-B minus TMT-A increased in the control group (+3.84 s) and decreased in the active group (−10.46 s). The increase in letter fluency in the verbal fluency test (VFT) was also significantly higher in the active group and statistically significant (+5.28 vs. +1.07 words; p < 0.001). Our findings provide encouraging evidence that regular dietary supplementation with bacopa, lycopene, astaxanthin, and vitamin B12 may be an effective dietary approach for counteracting cognitive changes associated with brain aging.
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Lycopene - A pleiotropic neuroprotective nutraceutical: Deciphering its therapeutic potentials in broad spectrum neurological disorders. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104823. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Qu M, Ni Y, Guo B, Feng X, Jiang Z. Lycopene antagonizes lead toxicity by reducing mitochondrial oxidative damage and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in cultured hippocampal neurons. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:228-239. [PMID: 34766121 PMCID: PMC8491193 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exhibits serious adverse effects on the central nervous system, and the major pathogenic mechanism of Pb toxicity is oxidative stress. As one of the carotenoid family members with potent antioxidant properties, lycopene has shown its protections by inhibiting oxidative stress damage in numerous models of neurotoxicity. The current study was designed to explore the possible protective property in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons challenged with Pb. We observed that 5 μM lycopene pretreatment for 4 h efficiently ameliorated Pb‐caused damage in cell viability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, lycopene (5 μM) attenuated the 50 μM Pb‐induced mitochondrial ROS production, improved the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and ATP production, and ameliorated the 50 μM Pb‐induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential as well as opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores. In addition, 5 μM lycopene restored the imbalance of Bax/Bcl‐2, inhibited translocation of cytochrome c, and reduced caspase‐3 activation. Taken together, these findings indicate that lycopene antagonizes against Pb‐induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanism probably involves reduction of mitochondrial oxidative damage and mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Qu
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Yanli Ni
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Baoshi Guo
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Xin Feng
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center Beijing China
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Guo Y, Mao X, Zhang J, Sun P, Wang H, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Xu S, Lv R, Liu X. Oral delivery of lycopene-loaded microemulsion for brain-targeting: preparation, characterization, pharmacokinetic evaluation and tissue distribution. Drug Deliv 2020; 26:1191-1205. [PMID: 31738085 PMCID: PMC6882477 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1689312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is considered as a promising neuroprotector with multiple bioactivities, while its therapeutic use in neurological disorders is restricted due to low solubility, instability and limited bioavailability. Our work aimed to develop lycopene-loaded microemulsion (LME) and investigate its potentials in improving bioavailability and brain-targeting efficiency following oral administration. The blank microemulsion (ME) excipients were selected based on orthogonal design and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams, and LME was prepared using the water titration method and characterized in terms of stability, droplet size distribution, zeta potential, shape and lycopene content. The optimized LME encompassed lycopene, (R)-(+)-limonene, Tween 80, Transcutol HP and water and lycopene content was 463.03 ± 8.96 µg/mL. This novel formulation displayed transparent appearance and satisfactory physical and chemical stabilities. It was spherical and uniform in morphology with an average droplet size of 12.61 ± 0.46 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.086 ± 0.028. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distributions of optimized LME were evaluated in rats and mice, respectively. The pharmacokinetic study revealed a dramatic 2.10-fold enhancement of relative bioavailability with LME against the control lycopene dissolved in olive oil (LOO) dosage form in rats. Moreover, LME showed a preferential targeting distribution of lycopene toward brain in mice, with the value of drug targeting index (DTI) up to 3.45. In conclusion, the optimized LME system demonstrated excellent physicochemical properties, enhanced oral bioavailability and superior brain-targeting capability. These findings provide a basis for the applications of ME-based strategy in brain-targeted delivery via oral route, especially for poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xuyan Mao
- Bio-nano & Medical Engineering Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Peng Sun
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yingjuan Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Renjun Lv
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xueping Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Anti-Aging Monitoring Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Anti-Aging, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
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Chen D, Huang C, Chen Z. A review for the pharmacological effect of lycopene in central nervous system disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:791-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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13
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Behavioral patterns of laboratory Mongolian gerbils by sex and housing condition: a case study with an emphasis on sleeping patterns. J Vet Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Wang W, Yang W, Shen Z, Wen S, Hu M. The Dose-Response Effect of Lycopene on Cerebral Vessel and Neuron Impairment Induced by Hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13173-13182. [PMID: 30474364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To study the dose-response effect of lycopene on vessel and neuron damage in the brain against hyperlipidemia, rats were fed with hypercholesterolemic feed and treated with lycopene orally by gavage at the dose of 5, 25, 45, 65, 85, and 105, 125 mg/kg/bw-1/d-1. At the end of the fourth week, lycopene doses and serum lycopene concentration showed an inverse U-shape curve. Serum lycopene concentration was negatively correlated with the levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, as well as the cerebral LDL-C, VEGF, and VCAM-1. Serum lycopene concentration was positively correlated with the expression of Claudin-5 and the number of neurons in hippocampal CA1 and CA3. Lycopene could also reduce the pathologic change of these areas. These results suggested an inverse U-shape relation between dose and serum concentration of lycopene, and intermediate doses were most effective to protect cerebral vessels and neurons from being damaged by hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiang Ya School of Public Health , Central South University , Changsha 410078 , China
| | - Weichun Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiang Ya School of Public Health , Central South University , Changsha 410078 , China
| | - Ziyi Shen
- Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Sixian Wen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiang Ya School of Public Health , Central South University , Changsha 410078 , China
| | - Minyu Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Xiang Ya School of Public Health , Central South University , Changsha 410078 , China
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Zhao Y, Xin Z, Li N, Chang S, Chen Y, Geng L, Chang H, Shi H, Chang YZ. Nano-liposomes of lycopene reduces ischemic brain damage in rodents by regulating iron metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:1-11. [PMID: 29807160 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to discover new drug delivery approaches and to understand the mechanism of iron overload in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), we aimed to investigate the effects of lycopene (LYC) in the form of nano-liposomes (L-LYC) on iron-regulating proteins and ischemic brain injury. We found that L-LYC significantly increased the LYC content in serum and the brain. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with L-LYC for 14 days were subjected to 60 min of ischemia and 7 days of reperfusion. The effects of L-LYC were evaluated by infarction volume, neurological score, neuronal apoptosis, and markers for oxidative stress. Levels of iron-regulating protein such as hepcidin and ferroportin (FPN1) were examined. L-LYC reduced cerebral infarction and improved neurobehavior of the rats more efficiently than "naked" LYC. L-LYC reduced protein levels of oxidases (e.g. nitric oxide synthase and NOX2), increased the level of Bcl-2, lowered caspase-3, and suppressed apoptosis through inhibiting MAPK-JNK. Furthermore, L-LYC suppressed hepcidin-mediated decrease in FPN1, a sole iron exporter, and normalized the levels of iron. We further demonstrated that the effect of L-LYC on hepcidin expression might result from its ability to attenuate the release of the inflammatory factor interleukin 6. The results demonstrated that nano-liposomal encapsulation significantly improved LYC efficacy in providing neuronal protection against I/R injury. The data also revealed a novel mechanism of L-LYC's neuroprotection by regulating iron metabolism in an ischemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashuo Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University (HNU), Shijiazhuang 050024, China; Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Zhen Xin
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University (HNU), Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Nina Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, HNU, China
| | - Shiyang Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University (HNU), Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Yandong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University (HNU), Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Lina Geng
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, HNU, China
| | - Hengrui Chang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Honglian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045, KS, USA.
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University (HNU), Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
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16
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Mihara R, Takasu A, Maemura K, Minami T. Prolonged severe hemorrhagic shock at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg does not lead to brain damage in rats. Acute Med Surg 2018; 5:350-357. [PMID: 30338081 PMCID: PMC6167391 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine whether prolonged hemorrhagic shock (HS) at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40 mmHg leads to brain damage. Methods Rats were anesthetized with sevoflurane. The HS model consisted of the following phases: I, pressure‐controlled HS at a MAP of 40 mmHg; II, fluid resuscitation to normalize blood pressure; III, observations with outcome evaluations in terms of survival, overall performance categories, and neurological deficit scores, as well as evaluation of apoptosis in the hippocampus at 96 h. Each group of six rats was randomized into 60 min (group 1) or 75 min (group 2) each of phases I and II. Three sham rats were anesthetized for 150 min, and then awakened during phase III. Results The three sham rats as well as five and two of the six rats in groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.05), respectively, survived for up to 96 h. All survivors were functionally normal with overall performance category = 1 and neurological deficit score = 0 at 96 h. Apoptotic neurons were not found in the hippocampus. Conclusions The higher mortality in group 2 suggested a more profound effect of HS compared with group 1. However, prolonged HS for 60 or 75 min did not cause functional damage or apoptosis in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that prolonged HS at a MAP of 40 mmHg, as a level at which cerebral blood flow seems preserved by autoregulatory mechanisms, does not lead to brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Mihara
- Department of Emergency Medicine Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan
| | - Akira Takasu
- Department of Emergency Medicine Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan
| | | | - Toshiaki Minami
- Department of Anesthesiology Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan
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17
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Chen HS, Chen X, Li WT, Shen JG. Targeting RNS/caveolin-1/MMP signaling cascades to protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries: potential application for drug discovery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:669-682. [PMID: 29595191 PMCID: PMC5943912 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2018.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play important roles in mediating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. RNS activate multiple signaling pathways and participate in different cellular events in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Recent studies have indicated that caveolin-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) are important signaling molecules in the pathological process of ischemic brain injury. During cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−), two representative RNS, down-regulates the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and, in turn, further activates nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to promote RNS generation. The increased RNS further induce MMP activation and mediate disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), aggravating the brain damage in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, the feedback interaction among RNS/Cav-1/MMPs provides an amplified mechanism for aggravating ischemic brain damage during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy for protecting against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this mini-review article, we highlight the important role of the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling cascades in ischemic stroke injury and review the current progress of studies seeking therapeutic compounds targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling cascades to attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Several representative natural compounds, including calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, baicalin, Momordica charantia polysaccharide (MCP), chlorogenic acid, lutein and lycopene, have shown potential for targeting the RNS/Cav-1/MMP signaling pathway to protect the brain in ischemic stroke. Therefore, the RNS/Cav-1/MMP pathway is an important therapeutic target in ischemic stroke treatment.
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18
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Kheirbakhsh R, Haddadi M, Muhammadnejad A, Abdollahi A, Shahi F, Amanpour-Gharaei B, Abrahim-Habibi A, Barati T, Amanpour S. Long-term behavioral, histological, biochemical and hematological evaluations of amyloid beta-induced Alzheimer’s disease in rat. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2018. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2018-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Lu CW, Hung CF, Jean WH, Lin TY, Huang SK, Wang SJ. Lycopene depresses glutamate release through inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca 2+ entry and protein kinase C in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:479-484. [PMID: 29216442 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene is a natural dietary carotenoid that was reported to exhibit a neuroprotective profile. Considering that excitotoxicity and cell death induced by glutamate are involved in many brain disorders, the effect of lycopene on glutamate release in rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals and the possible mechanism involved in such effect was investigated. We observed here that lycopene inhibited 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-evoked glutamate release and intrasynaptosomal Ca2+ concentration elevation. The inhibitory effect of lycopene on 4-AP-evoked glutamate release was markedly reduced in the presence of the Cav2.2 (N-type) and Cav2.1 (P/Q-type) channel blocker ω-conotoxin MVIIC, but was insensitive to the intracellular Ca2+-release inhibitors dantrolene and CGP37157. Furthermore, in the presence of the protein kinase C inhibitors GF109203X and Go6976, the action of lycopene on evoked glutamate release was prevented. These results are the first to suggest that lycopene inhibits glutamate release from rat cortical synaptosomes by suppressing presynaptic Ca2+ entry and protein kinase C activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lu
- a Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.,b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- c School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.,d Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Horng Jean
- a Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- a Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.,b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Kuei Huang
- a Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- c School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.,e Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
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20
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Zhang F, Fu Y, Zhou X, Pan W, Shi Y, Wang M, Zhang X, Qi D, Li L, Ma K, Tang R, Zheng K, Song Y. Depression-like behaviors and heme oxygenase-1 are regulated by Lycopene in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2016; 298:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Feng C, Luo T, Zhang S, Liu K, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Ge P. Lycopene protects human SH‑SY5Y neuroblastoma cells against hydrogen peroxide‑induced death via inhibition of oxidative stress and mitochondria‑associated apoptotic pathways. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4205-14. [PMID: 27035331 PMCID: PMC4838073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is a common pathway that results in neuronal injury or death due to various types of pathological stress. Although lycopene has been identified as a potent antioxidant, its effect on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neuronal damage remains unclear. In the present study, pretreatment with lycopene was observed to protect SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells against H2O2-induced death via inhibition of apoptosis resulting from activation of caspase-3 and translocation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) to the nucleus. Furthermore, the over-produced ROS, as well as the reduced activities of anti-oxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase, were demonstrated to be alleviated by lycopene. Additionally, lycopene counteracted H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which was evidenced by suppression of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, attenuation of the decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibition of the increase of Bax and decrease of Bcl-2 levels within the mitochondria. The release of cytochrome c and AIF from the mitochondria was also reduced. These results indicate that lycopene is a potent neuroprotectant against apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and could be administered to prevent neuronal injury or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tianfei Luo
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Emergent Medicine, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Intravenous Administration of Lycopene, a Tomato Extract, Protects against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Nutrients 2016; 8:138. [PMID: 26950150 PMCID: PMC4808867 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral uptake of lycopene has been shown to be beneficial for preventing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the strong first-pass metabolism of lycopene influences its bioavailability and impedes its clinic application. In this study, we determined an intravenous (IV) administration dose of lycopene protects against myocardial infarction (MI) in a mouse model, and investigated the effects of acute lycopene administration on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and related signaling pathways during myocardial I/R. Methods: In this study, we established both in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model and in vivo regional myocardial I/R mouse model by ligating left anterior artery descending. TTC dual staining was used to assess I/R induced MI in the absence and presence of acute lycopene administration via tail vein injection. Results: Lycopene treatment (1 μM) before reoxygenation significantly reduced cardiomyocyte death induced by H/R. Intravenous administration of lycopene to achieve 1 μM concentration in circulating blood significantly suppressed MI, ROS production, and JNK phosphorylation in the cardiac tissue of mice during in vivo regional I/R. Conclusion: Elevating circulating lycopene to 1 μM via IV injection protects against myocardial I/R injury through inhibition of ROS accumulation and consequent inflammation in mice.
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23
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Qu M, Jiang Z, Liao Y, Song Z, Nan X. Lycopene Prevents Amyloid [Beta]-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Dysfunctions in Cultured Rat Cortical Neurons. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1354-64. [PMID: 26816095 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Brains affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) show a large spectrum of mitochondrial alterations at both morphological and genetic level. The causal link between β-amyloid (Aβ) and mitochondrial dysfunction has been established in cellular models of AD. We observed previously that lycopene, a member of the carotenoid family of phytochemicals, could counteract neuronal apoptosis and cell damage induced by Aβ and other neurotoxic substances, and that this neuroprotective action somehow involved the mitochondria. The present study aims to investigate the effects of lycopene on mitochondria in cultured rat cortical neurons exposed to Aβ. It was found that lycopene attenuated Aβ-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by the decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondria-derived superoxide production. Additionally, lycopene ameliorated Aβ-induced mitochondrial morphological alteration, opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pores and the consequent cytochrome c release. Lycopene also improved mitochondrial complex activities and restored ATP levels in Aβ-treated neuron. Furthermore, lycopene prevented mitochondrial DNA damages and improved the protein level of mitochondrial transcription factor A in mitochondria. Those results indicate that lycopene protects mitochondria against Aβ-induced damages, at least in part by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function. These beneficial effects of lycopene may account for its protection against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Qu
- Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of the Rocket Force of PLA, Beijing, 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanxiang Liao
- Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of the Rocket Force of PLA, Beijing, 100094, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenyao Song
- Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of the Air Force of PLA, Beijing, 100076, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhong Nan
- Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of the Rocket Force of PLA, Beijing, 100094, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Zhao Y, Liu P, Zhu X, Chen M, Wang H, Lu D, Qi R. Senegenin Inhibits Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Upregulating RhoGDIα. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:1561-1571. [PMID: 25367882 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is an important event in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced neuronal injury. Senegenin (Sen), the predominant and most active component in Radix Polygalae root extracts, displays anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative properties. Sen protects against H/R-induced neuronal apoptosis of highly differentiated PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons. Sen has also been investigated as a source of potential therapeutic targets. In this study, a proteomic approach was used to identify Sen-regulated proteins in PC12 cells. We found that Sen protected against H/R-induced neuronal apoptosis by upregulating RhoGDIα protein expression. The regulatory functions of RhoGDIα were investigated by knocking down RhoGDIα expression in PC12 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA), followed by quantification of apoptosis and then altering the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins. Our data show that after silencing RhoGDIα, the neuroprotective effects of Sen on H/R-induced PC12 cell apoptosis were absent. Furthermore, RhoGDIα silencing alleviated the Sen-mediated inhibition of the JNK pathway. Therefore, these findings indicated that Sen attenuates H/R-induced neuronal apoptosis by upregulating RhoGDIα expression and inhibiting the JNK pathway. In addition to the mechanism underlying neuroprotective effects of Sen, RhoGDIα was identified as a putative target of Sen based on a primary rat cortical neuron model of H/R-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, Municipal People's Hospital, 243000, Maanshan, Anhui, China
| | - Yandong Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Panhong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gynecology, Clifford Hospital, 511495, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minyi Chen
- Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daxiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Renbin Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 Huangpu Avenue West, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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LEI XIAOFENG, LEI LIJIAN, ZHANG ZHELIN, CHENG YAN. Neuroprotective effects of lycopene pretreatment on transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats: The role of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:412-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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26
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Chen W, Mao L, Xing H, Xu L, Fu X, Huang L, Huang D, Pu Z, Li Q. Lycopene attenuates Aβ1–42 secretion and its toxicity in human cell and Caenorhabditis elegans models of Alzheimer disease. Neurosci Lett 2015; 608:28-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lycopene Protects against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Alleviating ER Stress Induced Apoptosis in Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136443. [PMID: 26291709 PMCID: PMC4546295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced apoptosis plays a pivotal role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-injury. Inhibiting ER stress is a major therapeutic target/strategy in treating cardiovascular diseases. Our previous studies revealed that lycopene exhibits great pharmacological potential in protecting against the I/R-injury in vitro and vivo, but whether attenuation of ER stress (and) or ER stress-induced apoptosis contributes to the effects remains unclear. In the present study, using neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes to establish an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic myocardium I/R in vivo, we aimed to explore the hypothesis that lycopene could alleviate the ER stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis in H/R-injury. We observed that lycopene alleviated the H/R injury as revealed by improving cell viability and reducing apoptosis, suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and improved the phosphorylated AMPK expression, attenuated ER stress as evidenced by decreasing the expression of GRP78, ATF6 mRNA, sXbp-1 mRNA, eIF2α mRNA and eIF2α phosphorylation, alleviated ER stress-induced apoptosis as manifested by reducing CHOP/GADD153 expression, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-12 and caspase-3 activity in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Thapsigargin (TG) is a potent ER stress inducer and used to elicit ER stress of cardiomyocytes. Our results showed that lycopene was able to prevent TG-induced ER stress as reflected by attenuating the protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP/GADD153 compared to TG group, significantly improve TG-caused a loss of cell viability and decrease apoptosis in TG-treated cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that the protective effects of lycopene on H/R-injury are, at least in part, through alleviating ER stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes.
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Yue R, Xia X, Jiang J, Yang D, Han Y, Chen X, Cai Y, Li L, Wang WE, Zeng C. Mitochondrial DNA oxidative damage contributes to cardiomyocyte ischemia/reperfusion-injury in rats: cardioprotective role of lycopene. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2128-41. [PMID: 25656550 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-injury. Lycopene, a lipophilic antioxidant found mainly in tomatoes and in other vegetables and fruits, can protect mtDNA against oxidative damage. However, the role of mtDNA in myocardial I/R-injury is unclear. In the present study, we aimed to determine if and how lycopene protects cardiomyocytes from I/R-injury. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, I/R-injury increased mt 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHdG) content, decreased mtDNA content and mtDNA transcription levels, and caused mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. These effects of I/R injury on cardiomycoytes were blocked by pre-treatment with lycopene. MtDNA depletion alone was sufficient to induce cardiomyocyte death. I/R-injury decreased the protein level of a key activator of mt transcription, mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), which was blocked by lycopene. The protective effect of lycopene on mtDNA was associated with a reduction in mitochondrial ROS production and stabilization of Tfam. In conclusion, lycopene protects cardiomyocytes from the oxidative damage of mtDNA induced by I/R-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchuan Yue
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewei Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiahui Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dezhong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Cardiovascular Research Center & Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yue Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
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Prema A, Janakiraman U, Manivasagam T, Thenmozhi AJ. Neuroprotective effect of lycopene against MPTP induced experimental Parkinson's disease in mice. Neurosci Lett 2015; 599:12-9. [PMID: 25980996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that mainly affects the movement of the aged populations. Lycopene is a carotenoid with unique pharmacological properties and its efficacy on experimental Hunginton's disease and brain ischemia has shown intense neuroprotective effects. The present study was aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of lycopene against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced PD mice. Administration of lycopene (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day orally) protected MPTP induced depletion of striatal dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in a dose dependent manner. It also attenuated MPTP-induced oxidative stress and motor abnormalities seen in PD mice. Our western blot studies showed that treatment with lycopene reversed MPTP induced apoptosis may be due to its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. As to conclude, lycopene reverses neurochemical deficts, oxidative stress, apoptosis and physiological abnormalities in PD mice and offer promise strategy in the treatment of this neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asokan Prema
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Udaiyappan Janakiraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Thamilarasan Manivasagam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India.
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Lycopene attenuates insulin signaling deficits, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment in fructose-drinking insulin resistant rats. Neuropharmacology 2014; 86:389-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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