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Chvojkova M, Kolar D, Kovacova K, Cejkova L, Misiachna A, Hakenova K, Gorecki L, Horak M, Korabecny J, Soukup O, Vales K. Pro-cognitive effects of dual tacrine derivatives acting as cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116821. [PMID: 38823278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options for Alzheimer's disease are limited. Dual compounds targeting two pathways concurrently may enable enhanced effect. The study focuses on tacrine derivatives inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and simultaneously N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Compounds with balanced inhibitory potencies for the target proteins (K1578 and K1599) or increased potency for AChE (K1592 and K1594) were studied to identify the most promising pro-cognitive compound. Their effects were studied in cholinergic (scopolamine-induced) and glutamatergic (MK-801-induced) rat models of cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze. Moreover, the impacts on locomotion in the open field and AChE activity in relevant brain structures were investigated. The effect of the most promising compound on NMDA receptors was explored by in vitro electrophysiology. The cholinergic antagonist scopolamine induced a deficit in memory acquisition, however, it was unaffected by the compounds, and a deficit in reversal learning that was alleviated by K1578 and K1599. K1578 and K1599 significantly inhibited AChE in the striatum, potentially explaining the behavioral observations. The glutamatergic antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) induced a deficit in memory acquisition, which was alleviated by K1599. K1599 also mitigated the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion in the open field. In vitro patch-clamp corroborated the K1599-associated NMDA receptor inhibitory effect. K1599 emerged as the most promising compound, demonstrating pro-cognitive efficacy in both models, consistent with intended dual effect. We conclude that tacrine has the potential for development of derivatives with dual in vivo effects. Our findings contributed to the elucidation of the structural and functional properties of tacrine derivatives associated with optimal in vivo pro-cognitive efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Chvojkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic.
| | - David Kolar
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kovacova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava 4 842 15, Slovak Republic
| | - Lada Cejkova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Misiachna
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague 2 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Hakenova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, Prague 10 100 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Gorecki
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 02, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vales
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, Klecany 250 67, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, Prague 10 100 00, Czech Republic
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Samarelli F, Purgatorio R, Lopopolo G, Deruvo C, Catto M, Andresini M, Carrieri A, Nicolotti O, De Palma A, Miniero DV, de Candia M, Altomare CD. Novel 6-alkyl-bridged 4-arylalkylpiperazin-1-yl derivatives of azepino[4,3-b]indol-1(2H)-one as potent BChE-selective inhibitors showing protective effects against neurodegenerative insults. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116353. [PMID: 38579622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Due to the putative role of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in regulation of acetylcholine levels and functions in the late stages of the Alzheimer's disease (AD), the potential of selective inhibitors (BChEIs) has been envisaged as an alternative to administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Starting from our recent findings, herein the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition of a novel series of some twenty 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroazepino[4,3-b]indol-1(2H)-one derivatives, bearing at the indole nitrogen diverse alkyl-bridged 4-arylalkylpiperazin-1-yl chains, are reported. The length of the spacers, as well as the type of arylalkyl group affected the enzyme inhibition potency and BChE/AChE selectivity. Two compounds, namely 14c (IC50 = 163 nM) and 14d (IC50 = 65 nM), bearing at the nitrogen atom in position 6 a n-pentyl- or n-heptyl-bridged 4-phenethylpiperazin-1-yl chains, respectively, proved to be highly potent mixed-type inhibitors of both equine and human BChE isoforms, showing more than two order magnitude of selectivity over AChE. The study of binding kinetics through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) highlighted differences in their BChE residence times (8 and 47 s for 14c and 14d, respectively). Moreover, 14c and 14d proved to hit other mechanisms known to trigger neurodegeneration underlying AD and other CNS disorders. Unlike 14c, compound 14d proved also capable of inhibiting by more than 60% the in vitro self-induced aggregation of neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide at 100 μM concentration. On the other hand, 14c was slightly better than 14d in counteracting, at 1 and 10 μM concentration, glutamate excitotoxicity, due to over-excitation of NMDA receptors, and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress assessed in neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. This paper is dedicated to Prof. Marcello Ferappi, former dean of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Bari, in the occasion of his 90th birthday.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Samarelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Lopopolo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Deruvo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Andresini
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Palma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Cosimo D Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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Touati I, Abdalla M, Ali NH, AlRuwaili R, Alruwaili M, Britel MR, Maurady A. Constituents of Stachys plants as potential dual inhibitors of AChE and NMDAR for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a molecular docking and dynamic simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2586-2602. [PMID: 37325873 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. While the formation of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the hallmarks features of AD, the downstream consequence of these byproducts is the disruption of the cholinergic and glutamatergic neural systems. Growing evidence for the existence of interplay between AChE and NMDARs has opened up new venues for the discovery of novel ligands endowed with anticholinesterase and NMDAR-blocking activity. Plants belonging to the stachys genus have been extensively explored for having a broad range of therapeutic applications and have been used traditionally for millennia, to treat various CNS-related disorders, which makes them the ideal source of novel therapeutics. The present study was designed to identify natural dual-target inhibitors for AChE and NMDAR deriving from stachys genus for their potential use in AD. Using molecular docking, drug-likeness-profiling, MD simulation and MMGBSA calculations, an in-house database of biomolecules pertaining to the stachys genus was shortlisted based on their binding affinity, overall stability and critical ADMET parameters. Pre- and post-MD analysis revealed that Isoorientin effectively binds to AChE and NMDAR with various vital interactions, exhibits a stable behavior with minor fluctuations relative to two clinical drugs used as positive control, and displays strong and consistent interactions that lasted for the majority of the simulation. Findings from this study have elucidated the rationale behind the traditional use of Stachys plants for the treatment of AD and could provide new impetus for the development of novel dual-target therapeutics for AD treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Touati
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed AlRuwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alruwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Reda Britel
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Amal Maurady
- Laboratory of Innovative Technologies, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
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Ladagu AD, Olopade FE, Chazot P, Oyagbemi AA, Ohiomokhare S, Folarin OR, Gilbert TT, Fuller M, Luong T, Adejare A, Olopade JO. Attenuation of Vanadium-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rat Hippocampal Slices (In Vitro) and Mice (In Vivo) by ZA-II-05, a Novel NMDA-Receptor Antagonist. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16710. [PMID: 38069032 PMCID: PMC10706475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals, such as vanadium, poses an ongoing environmental and health threat, heightening the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. While several compounds have shown promise in mitigating vanadium toxicity, their efficacy is limited. Effective strategies involve targeting specific subunits of the NMDA receptor, a glutamate receptor linked to neurodegenerative conditions. The potential neuroprotective effects of ZA-II-05, an NMDA receptor antagonist, against vanadium-induced neurotoxicity were explored in this study. Organotypic rat hippocampal slices, and live mice, were used as models to comprehensively evaluate the compound's impact. Targeted in vivo fluorescence analyses of the hippocampal slices using propidium iodide as a marker for cell death was utilized. The in vivo study involved five dams, each with eight pups, which were randomly assigned to five experimental groups (n = 8 pups). After administering treatments intraperitoneally over six months, various brain regions were assessed for neuropathologies using different immunohistochemical markers. High fluorescence intensity was observed in the hippocampal slices treated with vanadium, signifying cell death. Vanadium-exposed mice exhibited demyelination, microgliosis, and neuronal cell loss. Significantly, treatment with ZA-II-05 resulted in reduced cellular death in the rat hippocampal slices and preserved cellular integrity and morphological architecture in different anatomical regions, suggesting its potential in countering vanadium-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Digal Ladagu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | | | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, County Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Ademola A. Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria;
| | - Samuel Ohiomokhare
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, County Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
| | - Oluwabusayo Racheal Folarin
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | - Taidinda Tashara Gilbert
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
| | - Madison Fuller
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA; (M.F.); (T.L.)
| | - Toan Luong
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA; (M.F.); (T.L.)
| | - Adeboye Adejare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph’s University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA;
| | - James O. Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria; (A.D.L.); (O.R.F.); (T.T.G.); (J.O.O.)
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5
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Elkina NA, Grishchenko MV, Shchegolkov EV, Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Rudakova EV, Boltneva NP, Lushchekina SV, Astakhova TY, Radchenko EV, Palyulin VA, Zhilina EF, Perminova AN, Lapshin LS, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI, Richardson RJ. New Multifunctional Agents for Potential Alzheimer's Disease Treatment Based on Tacrine Conjugates with 2-Arylhydrazinylidene-1,3-Diketones. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1551. [PMID: 36358901 PMCID: PMC9687805 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a modern epidemic because of its increasing prevalence worldwide and serious medico-social consequences, including the economic burden of treatment and patient care. The development of new effective therapeutic agents for AD is one of the most urgent and challenging tasks. To address this need, we used an aminoalkylene linker to combine the well-known anticholinesterase drug tacrine with antioxidant 2-tolylhydrazinylidene-1,3-diketones to create 3 groups of hybrid compounds as new multifunctional agents with the potential for AD treatment. Lead compounds of the new conjugates effectively inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC50 0.24-0.34 µM) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC50 0.036-0.0745 µM), with weak inhibition of off-target carboxylesterase. Anti-AChE activity increased with elongation of the alkylene spacer, in agreement with molecular docking, which showed compounds binding to both the catalytic active site and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE, consistent with mixed type reversible inhibition. PAS binding along with effective propidium displacement suggest the potential of the hybrids to block AChE-induced β-amyloid aggregation, a disease-modifying effect. All of the conjugates demonstrated metal chelating ability for Cu2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+, as well as high antiradical activity in the ABTS test. Non-fluorinated hybrid compounds 6 and 7 also showed Fe3+ reducing activity in the FRAP test. Predicted ADMET and physicochemical properties of conjugates indicated good CNS bioavailability and safety parameters acceptable for potential lead compounds at the early stages of anti-AD drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Elkina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Maria V. Grishchenko
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Evgeny V. Shchegolkov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Galina F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Elena V. Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Natalia P. Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Tatiana Y. Astakhova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Eugene V. Radchenko
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Palyulin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina F. Zhilina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Anastasiya N. Perminova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Luka S. Lapshin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Yanina V. Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Victor I. Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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6
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New Drug Design Avenues Targeting Alzheimer's Disease by Pharmacoinformatics-Aided Tools. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091914. [PMID: 36145662 PMCID: PMC9503559 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) have been of great interest to scientists for a long time due to their multifactorial character. Among these pathologies, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is of special relevance, and despite the existence of approved drugs for its treatment, there is still no efficient pharmacological therapy to stop, slow, or repair neurodegeneration. Existing drugs have certain disadvantages, such as lack of efficacy and side effects. Therefore, there is a real need to discover new drugs that can deal with this problem. However, as AD is multifactorial in nature with so many physiological pathways involved, the most effective approach to modulate more than one of them in a relevant manner and without undesirable consequences is through polypharmacology. In this field, there has been significant progress in recent years in terms of pharmacoinformatics tools that allow the discovery of bioactive molecules with polypharmacological profiles without the need to spend a long time and excessive resources on complex experimental designs, making the drug design and development pipeline more efficient. In this review, we present from different perspectives how pharmacoinformatics tools can be useful when drug design programs are designed to tackle complex diseases such as AD, highlighting essential concepts, showing the relevance of artificial intelligence and new trends, as well as different databases and software with their main results, emphasizing the importance of coupling wet and dry approaches in drug design and development processes.
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Serkov IV, Proshin AN, Kovaleva NV, Boltneva NP, Rudakova EV, Makhaeva GF, Bachurin SO. Tacrine Derivatives Containing an Antioxidant Moiety. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500822700094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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8
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Hasanvand Z, Motahari R, Nadri H, Moghimi S, Foroumadi R, Ayati A, Akbarzadeh T, Bukhari SNA, Foroumadi A. Novel 3-aminobenzofuran derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Front Chem 2022; 10:882191. [PMID: 36017161 PMCID: PMC9395670 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.882191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel multifunctional series of 3-aminobenzofuran derivatives 5a-p were designed and synthesized as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The target compounds 5a-p were prepared via a three-step reaction, starting from 2-hydroxy benzonitrile. In vitro anti-cholinesterase activity exhibited that most of the compounds had potent acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. In particular, compound 5f containing 2-fluorobenzyl moiety showed the best inhibitory activity. Furthermore, this compound showed activity on self- and AChE-induced Aβ-aggregation and MTT assay against PC12 cells. The kinetic study revealed that compound 5f showed mixed-type inhibition on AChE. Based on these results, compound 5f can be considered as a novel multifunctional structural unit against Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaman Hasanvand
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Motahari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Nadri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Setareh Moghimi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roham Foroumadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adileh Ayati
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Alireza Foroumadi,
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9
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Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Boltneva NP, Rudakova EV, Lushchekina SV, Astakhova TY, Serkov IV, Proshin AN, Radchenko EV, Palyulin VA, Korabecny J, Soukup O, Bachurin SO, Richardson RJ. Bis-Amiridines as Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors: N-Functionalization Determines the Multitarget Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity Profile. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031060. [PMID: 35164325 PMCID: PMC8839189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using two ways of functionalizing amiridine—acylation with chloroacetic acid chloride and reaction with thiophosgene—we have synthesized new homobivalent bis-amiridines joined by two different spacers—bis-N-acyl-alkylene (3) and bis-N-thiourea-alkylene (5) —as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). All compounds exhibited high inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with selectivity for BChE. These new agents displayed negligible carboxylesterase inhibition, suggesting a probable lack of untoward drug–drug interactions arising from hydrolytic biotransformation. Compounds 3 with bis-N-acyl-alkylene spacers were more potent inhibitors of both cholinesterases compared to compounds 5 and the parent amiridine. The lead compounds 3a–c exhibited an IC50(AChE) = 2.9–1.4 µM, IC50(BChE) = 0.13–0.067 µM, and 14–18% propidium displacement at 20 μM. Kinetic studies of compounds 3a and 5d indicated mixed-type reversible inhibition. Molecular docking revealed favorable poses in both catalytic and peripheral AChE sites. Propidium displacement from the peripheral site by the hybrids suggests their potential to hinder AChE-assisted Aβ42 aggregation. Conjugates 3 had no effect on Aβ42 self-aggregation, whereas compounds 5c–e (m = 4, 5, 6) showed mild (13–17%) inhibition. The greatest difference between conjugates 3 and 5 was their antioxidant activity. Bis-amiridines 3 with N-acylalkylene spacers were nearly inactive in ABTS and FRAP tests, whereas compounds 5 with thiourea in the spacers demonstrated high antioxidant activity, especially in the ABTS test (TEAC = 1.2–2.1), in agreement with their significantly lower HOMO-LUMO gap values. Calculated ADMET parameters for all conjugates predicted favorable blood–brain barrier permeability and intestinal absorption, as well as a low propensity for cardiac toxicity. Thus, it was possible to obtain amiridine derivatives whose potencies against AChE and BChE equaled (5) or exceeded (3) that of the parent compound, amiridine. Overall, based on their expanded and balanced pharmacological profiles, conjugates 5c–e appear promising for future optimization and development as multitarget anti-AD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Natalia P. Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Elena V. Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Yu. Astakhova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Igor V. Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Alexey N. Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Eugene V. Radchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Vladimir A. Palyulin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (O.S.)
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (O.S.)
| | - Sergey O. Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (N.P.B.); (E.V.R.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.N.P.); (S.O.B.)
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-936-0769
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10
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Verma A, Kumar Waiker D, Bhardwaj B, Saraf P, Shrivastava SK. The molecular mechanism, targets, and novel molecules in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105562. [PMID: 34952243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological illness that causes dementia mainly in the elderly. The challenging obstacles related to AD has freaked global healthcare system to encourage scientists in developing novel therapeutic startegies to overcome with the fatal disease. The current treatment therapy of AD provides only symptomatic relief and to some extent disease-modifying effects. The current approach for AD treatment involves designing of cholinergic inhibitors, Aβ disaggregation inducing agents, tau inhibitors and several antioxidants. Hence, extensive research on AD therapy urgently requires a deep understanding of its pathophysiology and exploration of various chemical scaffolds to design and develop a potential drug candidate for the treatment. Various issues linked between disease and therapy need to be considered such as BBB penetration capability, clinical failure and multifaceted pathophisiology requires a proper attention to develop a lead candidate. This review article covers all probable mechanisms including one of the recent areas for investigation i.e., lipid dyshomeostasis, pathogenic involvement of P. gingivalis and neurovascular dysfunction, recently reported molecules and drugs under clinical investigations and approved by FDA for AD treatment. Our summarized information on AD will attract the researchers to understand and explore current status and structural modifications of the recently reported heterocyclic derivatives in drug development for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Verma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Digambar Kumar Waiker
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Bhagwati Bhardwaj
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Poorvi Saraf
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sushant K Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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11
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Gulcan HO, Kosar M. The hybrid compounds as multi-target ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Considerations on Donepezil. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 22:395-407. [PMID: 34766890 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211111153626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The strategies to combat Alzheimer's Disease (AD) have been changing with respect to the failures of many drug candidates assessed in clinical studies, the complex pathophysiology of AD, and the limitations of the current drugs employed. So far, none of the targets, either validated or nonvalidated, have been shown to be purely causative in the generation and development of AD. Considering the progressive and the neurodegenerative characteristics of the disease, the main strategy has been based on the design of molecules capable of showing activity on more than one receptor, and it is defined as multi-target ligand design strategy. The hybrid molecule concept is an outcome of this approach. Donepezil, as one of the currently employed drugs for AD therapy, has also been utilized in hybrid drug design studies. This review has aimed to present the promising donepezil-like hybrid molecules introduced in the recent period. Particularly, multi-target ligands with additional activities concomitant to cholinesterase inhibition are preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayrettin Ozan Gulcan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, T.R. North Cyprus, via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Muberra Kosar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, T.R. North Cyprus, via Mersin 10, Turkey
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12
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Dai S, Zhou F, Sun J, Li Y. NPD1 Enhances Autophagy and Reduces Hyperphosphorylated Tau and Amyloid-β42 by Inhibiting GSK3β Activation in N2a/APP695swe Cells. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:869-881. [PMID: 34602482 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most prevalent kind of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a neurodegenerative disease. Previous research has shown that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is involved in the etiology and progression of AD, including amyloid-β (Aβ), phosphorylated tau, and mitochondrial dysfunction. NPD1 has been shown to serve a neuroprotective function in AD, although the mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE The effects of NPD1 on Aβ expression levels, tau protein phosphorylation, apoptosis ratio, autophagy activity, and GSK-3β activity in N2a/APP695swe cells (AD cell model) were studied, as well as the mechanism behind such effects. METHODS N2a/APP695swe cells were treated with NPD1, SB216763, or wortmannin as an AD cell model. The associated proteins of hyperphosphorylated tau and autophagy, as well as the activation of GSK3β, were detected using western blot and RT-PCR. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze apoptosis and ELISA was employed to observe Aβ42. Images of autophagy in cells are captured using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS In N2a/APP695swe cells, NPD1 decreased Aβ42 and hyperphosphorylated tau while suppressing cell death. NPD1 also promoted autophagy while suppressing GSK-3β activation in N2a/APP695swe cells. The outcome of inhibiting GSK-3β is comparable to that of NPD1 therapy. However, after activating GSK-3β, the opposite experimental results were achieved. CONCLUSION NPD1 might minimize cell apoptosis, downregulate Aβ expression, control tau hyperphosphorylation, and enhance autophagy activity in AD cell models to promote neuronal survival. NPD1's neuroprotective effects may be mediated via decreasing GSK-3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyang Dai
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanlin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jieyun Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Wang C, Wang X, Wang H, Pu J, Li Q, Li J, Liu Y, Lu L, Jiang S. A "Two-Birds-One-Stone" Approach toward the Design of Bifunctional Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry Inhibitors Targeting the CCR5 Coreceptor and gp41 N-Terminal Heptad Repeat Region. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11460-11471. [PMID: 34261320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the stepwise nature of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) entry and the pivotal role of coreceptor CCR5 and the gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) region in this event. With this in mind, we herein report a dual-targeted drug compound featuring bifunctional entry inhibitors, consisting of a piperidine-4-carboxamide-based CCR5 antagonist, TAK-220, and a gp41 NHR-targeting fusion-inhibitory peptide, C34. The resultant chimeras were constructed by linking both pharmacophores with a polyethylene glycol spacer. One chimera, CP12TAK, exhibited exceptionally potent antiviral activity, about 40- and 306-fold over that of its parent inhibitors, C34 and TAK-220, respectively. In addition to R5-tropic viruses, CP12TAK also strongly inhibited infection of X4-tropic HIV-1 strains. These data are promising for the further development of CP12TAK as a new anti-HIV-1 drug. Results show that this strategy could be extended to the design of therapies against infection of other enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xinling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jing Pu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Vasilopoulou F, Rodríguez-Arévalo S, Bagán A, Escolano C, Griñán-Ferré C, Pallàs M. Disease-modifying treatment with I 2 imidazoline receptor ligand LSL60101 in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model: a comparative study with donepezil. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:3017-3033. [PMID: 33817786 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The development of effective therapeutic strategies against Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a challenge. I2 imidazoline receptor ligands have a neuroprotective role in AD. Moreover, co-treatment of AChE inhibitors with neuroprotective agents have shown better effects on the prevention of dementia. Here, we assessed the potential therapeutic effect of the I2 ligand, donepezil and their combination in 5XFAD mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH 5XFAD female mice were treated with low doses (1 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) of LSL60101, donepezil and donepezil plus LSL60101, during 4 weeks per os. Novel object recognition, Morris water maze, open field, elevated plus maze and three-chamber tests were used to evaluate the cognitive and behavioural status after treatment. The effects on AD-like pathology were assessed with immunohistochemistry, western blot, ELISA and qPCR. KEY RESULTS Chronic low-dose treatment with LSL60101 and donepezil reversed cognitive deficits and impaired social behaviour. LSL60101 treatment did not affect anxiety-like behaviour in contrast to donepezil. In the 5XFAD brains, LSL60101 and donepezil/LSL60101 treatments attenuated amyloid-β pathology by decreasing amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 levels, amyloid-β plaque number and tau hyperphosphorylation. These alterations were accompanied by reduced microglia marker Iba-1 levels and increased Trem2 gene expression. LSL60101 and donepezil decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytic marker reactivity. However, only LSL60101 and donepezil/LSL60101 treatments significantly increased the synaptic marker levels of post-synaptic density protein 95 and synaptophysin. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Chronic low-dose treatment with selective I2 - ligands can be an effective treatment for AD and provide insights into combination treatments for symptomatic and disease-modifying drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Vasilopoulou
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodríguez-Arévalo
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Bagán
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Escolano
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Griñán-Ferré
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Kaniakova M, Korabecny J, Holubova K, Kleteckova L, Chvojkova M, Hakenova K, Prchal L, Novak M, Dolezal R, Hepnarova V, Svobodova B, Kucera T, Lichnerova K, Krausova B, Horak M, Vales K, Soukup O. 7-phenoxytacrine is a dually acting drug with neuroprotective efficacy in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114460. [PMID: 33571502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartaterecepro receptor (NMDARs) are a subclass of glutamate receptors, which play an essential role in excitatory neurotransmission, but their excessive overactivation by glutamate leads to excitotoxicity. NMDARs are hence a valid pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders; however, novel drugs targeting NMDARs are often associated with specific psychotic side effects and abuse potential. Motivated by currently available treatment against neurodegenerative diseases involving the inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and NMDARs, administered also in combination, we developed a dually-acting compound 7-phenoxytacrine (7-PhO-THA) and evaluated its neuropsychopharmacological and drug-like properties for potential therapeutic use. Indeed, we have confirmed the dual potency of 7-PhO-THA, i.e. potent and balanced inhibition of both AChE and NMDARs. We discovered that it selectively inhibits the GluN1/GluN2B subtype of NMDARs via an ifenprodil-binding site, in addition to its voltage-dependent inhibitory effect at both GluN1/GluN2A and GluN1/GluN2B subtypes of NMDARs. Furthermore, whereas NMDA-induced lesion of the dorsal hippocampus confirmed potent anti-excitotoxic and neuroprotective efficacy, behavioral observations showed also a cholinergic component manifesting mainly in decreased hyperlocomotion. From the point of view of behavioral side effects, 7-PhO-THA managed to avoid these, notably those analogous to symptoms of schizophrenia. Thus, CNS availability and the overall behavioral profile are promising for subsequent investigation of therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kaniakova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Holubova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kleteckova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Chvojkova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Hakenova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Novak
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Svobodova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kucera
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Lichnerova
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Krausova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Vales
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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16
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Mahomoodally F, Abdallah HH, Suroowan S, Jugreet S, Zhang Y, Hu X. In silico Exploration of Bioactive Phytochemicals Against Neurodegenerative Diseases Via Inhibition of Cholinesterases. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:4151-4162. [PMID: 32178608 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200316125517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are estimated to become the second leading cause of death worldwide by 2040. Despite the widespread use of diverse allopathic drugs, these brain-associated disorders can only be partially addressed and long term treatment is often linked with dependency and other unwanted side effects. Nature, believed to be an arsenal of remedies for any illness, presents an interesting avenue for the development of novel neuroprotective agents. Interestingly, inhibition of cholinesterases, involved in the breakdown of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, has been proposed to be neuroprotective. This review therefore aims to provide additional insight via docking studies of previously studied compounds that have shown potent activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in vitro. Indeed, the determination of potent plant-based ligands for this purpose through in silico methods enables the elimination of lengthy and costly traditional methods of drug discovery. Herein, a literature search was conducted to identify active phytochemicals which are cholinesterase inhibitors. Following which in silico docking methods were applied to obtain docking scores. Compound structures were extracted from online ZINC database and optimized using AM1 implemented in gaussian09 software. Noteworthy ligands against AChE highlighted in this study include: 19,20-dihydroervahanine A and 19, 20-dihydrotabernamine. Regarding BChE inhibition, the best ligands were found to be 8-Clavandurylkaempferol, Na-methylepipachysamine D; ebeiedinone; and dictyophlebine. Thus, ligand optimization between such phytochemicals and cholinesterases coupled with in vitro, in vivo studies and randomized clinical trials can lead to the development of novel drugs against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Hassan H Abdallah
- Chemistry Department, College of Education, Salahaddin University, 44002 Erbil, Iraq
| | - Shanoo Suroowan
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Mauritius
| | - Sharmeen Jugreet
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Mauritius
| | - Yansheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xuebo Hu
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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17
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Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Rudakova EV, Boltneva NP, Lushchekina SV, Faingold II, Poletaeva DA, Soldatova YV, Kotelnikova RA, Serkov IV, Ustinov AK, Proshin AN, Radchenko EV, Palyulin VA, Richardson RJ. New Multifunctional Agents Based on Conjugates of 4-Amino-2,3-polymethylenequinoline and Butylated Hydroxytoluene for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245891. [PMID: 33322783 PMCID: PMC7763995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
New hybrids of 4-amino-2,3-polymethylenequinoline with different sizes of the aliphatic ring linked to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) by enaminoalkyl (7) or aminoalkyl (8) spacers were synthesized as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. All compounds were potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with selectivity toward BChE. Lead compound 8c, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-{[2-(7,8,9,10- tetrahydro-6H-cyclohepta[b]quinolin-11-ylamino)-ethylimino]-methyl}-phenol exhibited an IC50(AChE) = 1.90 ± 0.16 µM, IC50(BChE) = 0.084 ± 0.008 µM, and 13.6 ± 1.2% propidium displacement at 20 μM. Compounds possessed low activity against carboxylesterase, indicating likely absence of clinically unwanted drug-drug interactions. Kinetics were consistent with mixed-type reversible inhibition of both cholinesterases. Docking indicated binding to catalytic and peripheral AChE sites; peripheral site binding along with propidium displacement suggest the potential of the hybrids to block AChE-induced β-amyloid aggregation, a disease-modifying effect. Compounds demonstrated high antioxidant activity in ABTS and FRAP assays as well as inhibition of luminol chemiluminescence and lipid peroxidation in mouse brain homogenates. Conjugates 8 with amine-containing spacers were better antioxidants than those with enamine spacers 7. Computational ADMET profiles for all compounds predicted good blood-brain barrier distribution (permeability), good intestinal absorption, and medium cardiac toxicity risk. Overall, based on their favorable pharmacological and ADMET profiles, conjugates 8 appear promising as candidates for AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Elena V. Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Natalia P. Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina I. Faingold
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (I.I.F.); (D.A.P.); (Y.V.S.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Darya A. Poletaeva
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (I.I.F.); (D.A.P.); (Y.V.S.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Yuliya V. Soldatova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (I.I.F.); (D.A.P.); (Y.V.S.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Raisa A. Kotelnikova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (I.I.F.); (D.A.P.); (Y.V.S.); (R.A.K.)
| | - Igor V. Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Anatoly K. Ustinov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Alexey N. Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
| | - Eugene V. Radchenko
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Palyulin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (G.F.M.); (N.V.K.); (E.V.R.); (N.P.B.); (S.V.L.); (I.V.S.); (A.K.U.); (A.N.P.); (E.V.R.); (V.A.P.)
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rudy J. Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-936-0769
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18
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Ju Y, Chakravarty H, Tam KY. An Isoquinolinium Dual Inhibitor of Cholinesterases and Amyloid β Aggregation Mitigates Neuropathological Changes in a Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3346-3357. [PMID: 33001625 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. The underlying pathologic mechanisms of AD are unclear. Over the decades, the development of single target agent did not lead to any successful treatment for AD. A multitarget agent that could tackle more than one AD phenotype may be helpful as a treatment strategy. Cholinesterases (ChEs) including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), are currently the drug targets with approved treatments. Moreover, amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition is a hallmark of AD that receives considerable attention. Herein, 9Q, a previously reported dual target inhibitor dealing with cholinergic dysfunction and amyloid deposition for AD treatment, has undergone thorough investigations. In vitro studies revealed that 9Q exhibited over 80% inhibition of ChE activity at 100 μM and more than 30% inhibition of Aβ aggregation at 1 mM concentration. Moreover 9Q was able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enhance the cerebral acetylcholine level in triple transgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice. Following one month treatment with 9Q, the amyloid burden and the cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice were significantly ameliorated. It was observed that 9Q treatment mitigated synapse dysfunction, decreased amyloidogenic APP processing, and reduced the tau pathology in 3xTg-AD mice. Taken together, our results suggested that dual inhibition of cholinesterases and Aβ aggregation could be a promising approach in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojun Ju
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Harapriya Chakravarty
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
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19
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Oset-Gasque MJ, Marco-Contelles JL. Tacrine-Natural-Product Hybrids for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4392-4400. [PMID: 29611473 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180403151725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, neurodegenerative pathology showing, among others, high cholinergic and neurotransmitter deficits, oxidative stress, inflammation, Aβ-aggregation resulting in senile plaques formation, and hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein leading to neurofibrillary tangles. Due to its multifactorial and complex nature, multitarget directed small-molecules able to simultaneously inhibit or bind diverse biological targets involved in the progress and development of AD are considered now the best therapeutic strategy to design new compounds for AD therapy. Among them, tacrine is a very well known standard-gold ligand, and natural products have been a traditional source of new agents for diverse therapeutic treatments. In this review, we will update recent developments of multitarget tacrinenatural products hybrids for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Oset-Gasque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ashraf GM, Bin-Jumah MN, Abdel-Daim MM. Multi-Target Drug Candidates for Multifactorial Alzheimer's Disease: AChE and NMDAR as Molecular Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:281-303. [PMID: 32935230 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia among elder people, which is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that results from a chronic loss of cognitive activities. It has been observed that AD is multifactorial, hence diverse pharmacological targets that could be followed for the treatment of AD. The Food and Drug Administration has approved two types of medications for AD treatment such as cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. Rivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine are the ChEIs that have been approved to treat AD. On the other hand, memantine is the only non-competitive NMDAR antagonist approved in AD treatment. As compared with placebo, it has been revealed through clinical studies that many single-target therapies are unsuccessful to treat multifactorial Alzheimer's symptoms or disease progression. Therefore, due to the complex nature of AD pathophysiology, diverse pharmacological targets can be hunted. In this article, based on the entwined link of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and NMDAR, we represent several multifunctional compounds in the rational design of new potential AD medications. This review focus on the significance of privileged scaffolds in the generation of the multi-target lead compound for treating AD, investigating the idea and challenges of multi-target drug design. Furthermore, the most auspicious elementary units for designing as well as synthesizing hybrid drugs are demonstrated as pharmacological probes in the rational design of new potential AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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21
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Marotta G, Basagni F, Rosini M, Minarini A. Memantine Derivatives as Multitarget Agents in Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174005. [PMID: 32887400 PMCID: PMC7504780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Memantine (3,5-dimethyladamantan-1-amine) is an orally active, noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist approved for treatment of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a progressive cognitive decline. Unfortunately, memantine as well as the other class of drugs licensed for AD treatment acting as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), provide only symptomatic relief. Thus, the urgent need in AD drug development is for disease-modifying therapies that may require approaching targets from more than one path at once or multiple targets simultaneously. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that the modulation of a single neurotransmitter system represents a reductive approach to face the complexity of AD. Memantine is viewed as a privileged NMDAR-directed structure, and therefore, represents the driving motif in the design of a variety of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs). In this review, we present selected examples of small molecules recently designed as MTDLs to contrast AD, by combining in a single entity the amantadine core of memantine with the pharmacophoric features of known neuroprotectants, such as antioxidant agents, AChEIs and Aβ-aggregation inhibitors.
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22
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Zagórska A, Jaromin A. Perspectives for New and More Efficient Multifunctional Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E3337. [PMID: 32717806 PMCID: PMC7435667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous research efforts at every level, globally, there is still a lack of effective drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biochemical mechanisms of this devastating neurodegenerative disease are not yet clearly understood. This review analyses the relevance of multiple ligands in drug discovery for AD as a versatile toolbox for a polypharmacological approach to AD. Herein, we highlight major targets associated with AD, ranging from acetylcholine esterase (AChE), beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β), N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, monoamine oxidases (MAOs), metal ions in the brain, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors, the third subtype of histamine receptor (H3 receptor), to phosphodiesterases (PDEs), along with a summary of their respective relationship to the disease network. In addition, a multitarget strategy for AD is presented, based on reported milestones in this area and the recent progress that has been achieved with multitargeted-directed ligands (MTDLs). Finally, the latest publications referencing the enlarged panel of new biological targets for AD related to the microglia are highlighted. However, the question of how to find meaningful combinations of targets for an MTDLs approach remains unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zagórska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Jaromin
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland;
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23
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Abstract
Abstract
A new series of homobivalent Dimebon analogs, bis-γ-carbolines with alkylene, phenylenedialkylene, and triazole-containing spacers, was synthesized. Doubling the γ-carboline pharmacophore increased inhibitory potency against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) compared with Dimebon, while keeping Dimebon’s anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity; therefore, leading to inversion of selectivity. Molecular docking revealed the reasons for the increased anti-AChE activity and ability to block AChE-induced aggregation of β-amyloid for bis-γ-carbolines, which became double-site inhibitors of AChE. Conjugates with ditriazole-containing spacers were the most active antioxidants in both the ABTS-test and prevention of lipid peroxidation in brain homogenates without inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Conjugates with alkylene (4a–d), phenylenedialkylene (4e), and monotriazole (8) spacers were less active as antioxidants but prevented induction of the MPT and increased the calcium retention capacity of mitochondria. Lead compound 4e showed neuroprotective potential in a cellular calcium overload model of neurodegeneration. Computational studies showed that all the bis-γ-carbolines were expected to have high values for intestinal absorption and very good blood-brain barrier permeability along with good drug-likeness. Overall, the results showed that new homobivalent Dimebon analogs exhibit an expanded spectrum of biological activity and improved pharmacological properties, making them promising candidates for further research and optimization as multitarget agents for Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
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24
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Bobkova NV, Poltavtseva RA, Leonov SV, Sukhikh GT. Neuroregeneration: Regulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:S108-S130. [PMID: 32087056 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920140060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It had been commonly believed for a long time, that once established, degeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) is irreparable, and that adult person merely cannot restore dead or injured neurons. The existence of stem cells (SCs) in the mature brain, an organ with minimal regenerative ability, had been ignored for many years. Currently accepted that specific structures of the adult brain contain neural SCs (NSCs) that can self-renew and generate terminally differentiated brain cells, including neurons and glia. However, their contribution to the regulation of brain activity and brain regeneration in natural aging and pathology is still a subject of ongoing studies. Since the 1970s, when Fuad Lechin suggested the existence of repair mechanisms in the brain, new exhilarating data from scientists around the world have expanded our knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in the generation of various cell phenotypes supporting the brain, regulation of brain activity by these newly generated cells, and participation of SCs in brain homeostasis and regeneration. The prospects of the SC research are truthfully infinite and hitherto challenging to forecast. Once researchers resolve the issues regarding SC expansion and maintenance, the implementation of the SC-based platform could help to treat tissues and organs impaired or damaged in many devastating human diseases. Over the past 10 years, the number of studies on SCs has increased exponentially, and we have already become witnesses of crucial discoveries in SC biology. Comprehension of the mechanisms of neurogenesis regulation is essential for the development of new therapeutic approaches for currently incurable neurodegenerative diseases and neuroblastomas. In this review, we present the latest achievements in this fast-moving field and discuss essential aspects of NSC biology, including SC regulation by hormones, neurotransmitters, and transcription factors, along with the achievements of genetic and chemical reprogramming for the safe use of SCs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - R A Poltavtseva
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia. .,National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - S V Leonov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia. .,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), The Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700, Russia
| | - G T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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25
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Rochais C, Lecoutey C, Hamidouche K, Giannoni P, Gaven F, Cem E, Mignani S, Baranger K, Freret T, Bockaert J, Rivera S, Boulouard M, Dallemagne P, Claeysen S. Donecopride, a Swiss army knife with potential against Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1988-2005. [PMID: 31881553 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We recently identified donecopride as a pleiotropic compound able to inhibit AChE and to activate 5-HT4 receptors. Here, we have assessed the potential therapeutic effects of donecopride in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used two in vivo animal models of AD, transgenic 5XFAD mice and mice exposed to soluble amyloid-β peptides and, in vitro, primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons. Pro-cognitive and anti-amnesic effects were evaluated with novel object recognition, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests. Amyloid load in mouse brain was measured ex vivo and effects of soluble amyloid-β peptides on neuronal survival and neurite formation determined in vitro. KEY RESULTS In vivo, chronic (3 months) administration of donecopride displayed potent anti-amnesic properties in the two mouse models of AD, preserving learning capacities, including working and long-term spatial memories. These behavioural effects were accompanied by decreased amyloid aggregation in the brain of 5XFAD mice and, in cultures of rat hippocampal neurons, reduced tau hyperphosphorylation. In vitro, donecopride increased survival in neuronal cultures exposed to soluble amyloid-β peptides, improved the neurite network and provided neurotrophic benefits, expressed as the formation of new synapses. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Donecopride acts like a Swiss army knife, exhibiting a range of sustainable symptomatic therapeutic effects and potential disease-modifying effects in models of AD. Clinical trials with this promising drug candidate will soon be undertaken to confirm its therapeutic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Rochais
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Caen, France
| | - Cédric Lecoutey
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Caen, France
| | - Katia Hamidouche
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, INSERM U1075 COMETE, Caen, France
| | - Patrizia Giannoni
- IGF, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,Equipe Chrome, EA7352, Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Florence Gaven
- IGF, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,CRBM, CNRS UMR5237, Montpellier, France
| | - Eleazere Cem
- IGF, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Serge Mignani
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Caen, France
| | - Kevin Baranger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Freret
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, INSERM U1075 COMETE, Caen, France
| | - Joël Bockaert
- IGF, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Santiago Rivera
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Boulouard
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, INSERM U1075 COMETE, Caen, France
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Normandie Univ, Caen, France.,UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Caen, France
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26
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Iraji A, Khoshneviszadeh M, Firuzi O, Khoshneviszadeh M, Edraki N. Novel small molecule therapeutic agents for Alzheimer disease: Focusing on BACE1 and multi-target directed ligands. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103649. [PMID: 32101780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that effects 50 million people worldwide. In this review, AD pathology and the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting AD were fully discussed. In particular, common approaches to prevent Aβ production and/or accumulation in the brain including α-secretase activators, specific γ-secretase modulators and small molecules BACE1 inhibitors were reviewed. Additionally, natural-origin bioactive compounds that provide AD therapeutic advances have been introduced. Considering AD is a multifactorial disease, the therapeutic potential of diverse multi target-directed ligands (MTDLs) that combine the efficacy of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors, MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, BACE1 inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) inhibitors, for the treatment of AD are also reviewed. This article also highlights descriptions on the regulator of serotonin receptor (5-HT), metal chelators, anti-aggregants, antioxidants and neuroprotective agents targeting AD. Finally, current computational methods for evaluating the structure-activity relationships (SAR) and virtual screening (VS) of AD drugs are discussed and evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Iraji
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Sharma P, Tripathi MK, Shrivastava SK. Cholinesterase as a Target for Drug Development in Alzheimer's Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2089:257-286. [PMID: 31773661 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0163-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an enormous healthcare challenge, and 50 million people are currently suffering from it. There are several pathophysiological mechanisms involved, but cholinesterase inhibitors remained the major target from the last 2-3 decades. Among four available therapeutics (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and memantine), three of them are cholinesterase inhibitors. Herein, we describe the role of acetylcholine sterase (AChE) and related hypothesis in AD along with the pharmacological and chemical aspects of the available cholinesterase inhibitors. This chapter discusses the development of several congeners and hybrids of available cholinesterase inhibitors along with their binding patterns in enzyme active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyoosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sushant Kumar Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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Anticandidal agent for multiple targets: the next paradigm in the discovery of proficient therapeutics/overcoming drug resistance. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:2955-2974. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a prominent human fungal pathogen. Current treatments are suffering a massive gap due to emerging resistance against available antifungals. Therefore, there is an ardent need for novel antifungal candidates that essentially have more than one target, as most antifungal repertoires are single-target drugs. Exploration of multiple-drug targeting in antifungal therapeutics is still pending. An extensive literature survey was performed to categorize and comprehend relevant studies and the current therapeutic scenario that led researchers to preferentially consider multitarget drug-based Candida infection therapy. With this article, we identified and compiled a few potent antifungal compounds that are directed toward multiple virulent targets in C. albicans. Such compound(s) provide an optimistic platform of multiple targeting and could leave a substantial impact on the development of effective antifungals.
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Lanthier C, Payan H, Liparulo I, Hatat B, Lecoutey C, Since M, Davis A, Bergamini C, Claeysen S, Dallemagne P, Bolognesi ML, Rochais C. Novel multi target-directed ligands targeting 5-HT4 receptors with in cellulo antioxidant properties as promising leads in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wang N, Qiu P, Cui W, Yan X, Zhang B, He S. Recent Advances in Multi-target Anti-Alzheimer Disease Compounds (2013 Up to the Present). Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5684-5710. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181203124102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
:
Since the last century, when scientists proposed the lock-and-key model, the discovery of
drugs has focused on the development of drugs acting on single target. However, single-target drug
therapies are not effective to complex diseases with multi-factorial pathogenesis. Moreover, the
combination of single-target drugs readily causes drug resistance and side effects. In recent years,
multi-target drugs have increasingly been represented among FDA-approved drugs. Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD) is a complex and multi-factorial disease for which the precise molecular mechanisms
are still not fully understood. In recent years, rational multi-target drug design methods, which combine
the pharmacophores of multiple drugs, have been increasingly applied in the development of
anti-AD drugs. In this review, we give a brief description of the pathogenesis of AD and provide
detailed discussions about the recent development of chemical structures of anti-AD agents (2013 up
to present) that have multiple targets, such as amyloid-β peptide, Tau protein, cholinesterases,
monoamine oxidase, β-site amyloid-precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1, free radicals, metal ions
(Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and so on. In this paper, we also added some novel targets or possible pathogenesis
which have been reported in recent years for AD therapy. We hope that these findings may provide
new perspectives for the pharmacological treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Panpan Qiu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Multi-target design strategies for the improved treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:228-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Makhaeva GF, Rudakova EV, Kovaleva NV, Lushchekina SV, Boltneva NP, Proshin AN, Shchegolkov EV, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI. Cholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibitors as pharmacological agents. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Conjugates of methylene blue with γ-carboline derivatives as new multifunctional agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4873. [PMID: 30890752 PMCID: PMC6424957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the inhibitory activity of methylene blue (MB) γ-carbolines (gC) conjugates (MB-gCs) against human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE), equine serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and a structurally related enzyme, porcine liver carboxylesterase (CaE). In addition, we determined the ability of MB-gCs to bind to the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of Electrophorus electricus AChE (EeAChE) and competitively displace propidium iodide from this site. Moreover, we examined the ability of MB-gCs to scavenge free radicals as well as their influence on mitochondrial potential and iron-induced lipid peroxidation. We found that MB-gCs effectively inhibited AChE and BChE with IC50 values in the range 1.73–10.5 μM and exhibited low potencies against CaE (9.8–26% inhibition at 20 μM). Kinetic studies showed that MB-gCs were mixed-type reversible inhibitors of both cholinesterases. Molecular docking results showed that the MB-gCs could bind both to the catalytic active site and to the PAS of human AChE and BChE. Accordingly, MB-gCs effectively displaced propidium from the peripheral anionic site of EeAChE. In addition, MB-gCs were extremely active in both radical scavenging tests. Quantum mechanical DFT calculations suggested that free radical scavenging was likely mediated by the sulfur atom in the MB fragment. Furthermore, the MB-gCs, in like manner to MB, can restore mitochondrial membrane potential after depolarization with rotenone. Moreover, MB-gCs possess strong antioxidant properties, preventing iron-induced lipid peroxidation in mitochondria. Overall, the results indicate that MB-gCs are promising candidates for further optimization as multitarget therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Wang H, Zhang H. Reconsideration of Anticholinesterase Therapeutic Strategies against Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:852-862. [PMID: 30521323 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well-known as a severe neurodegeneration disease involving complicated etiologies, and cholinesterase inhibition remain the prevailing mode of clinical intervention in AD management. Although most clinically applied cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) achieve limited clinical outcomes, research on the central cholinergic system is still thriving. Recently, an impressive amount of knowledge regarding novel acetylcholinesterase functions, as well as the close association between the central cholinergic system and other key elements for AD pathogenesis, has accumulated, highlighting that this field still has great potential for future drug development. In contrast to the overwhelmingly disappointing clinical therapeutic effects of various disease-modifying drug candidates, interesting evidence has continued to emerge over the past 20 years from the wealth of preclinical and clinical data on the usage of ChEIs, indicating underestimated clinical benefits due to physician ambivalence, a lack of persistent treatment, and inappropriate medication times or doses. Here we pinpoint several topics fit for future attention, focusing on the updated cholinergic hypothesis, especially the pleiotropic relationships with key pathogenetic signaling pathways and functions in AD, as well as possible novel therapeutic strategies, including novel ChEIs and cholinesterase inhibition-based innovative multifunctional therapeutic candidates. We intend to strengthen the future value of the precise application of cholinergic drugs, especially novel ChEIs, as a cornerstone pharmacological approach to AD treatment, either alone or in combination with other targets, to relieve symptoms and to modify disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Lushchekina SV, Rudakova EV, Boltneva NP, Proshin AN, Lednev BV, Serkov IV, Bachurin SO. Conjugates of Tacrine and Its Cyclic Homologues with p-Toluenesulfonamide as Novel Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 483:369-373. [PMID: 30607741 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672918060200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Using the acylation reaction with tosyl chloride of N-aminopropyl analogues of tacrine and its cyclic homologues with different size of the aliphatic cycle (5-8), we synthesized a number of new derivatives of p-toluenesulfonamide. It is shown that the synthesized hybrid compounds of tacrine and p-toluenesulfonamide are effective inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with the preferential inhibition of BChE. They also displace propidium from the peripheral anionic site of the electric eel AChE (Electrophorus electricus). The characteristics of the efficiency and selectivity of cholinesterase inhibition by the test compounds were confirmed by the results of molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia.
| | - N V Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - S V Lushchekina
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - E V Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - N P Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - A N Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - B V Lednev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - I V Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
| | - S O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432, Russia
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36
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Makhaeva GF, Shevtsova EF, Kovaleva NV, Rudakova EV, Neganova ME, Dubova LG, Shevtsov PN, Aksinenko AY, Sokolov VB, Bachurin SO. Aminoadamantane conjugates with carbazole derivatives as potential multitarget agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Effect of the spacer structure. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Doytchinova I, Atanasova M, Valkova I, Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Zhivkova Z, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Konstantinov S, Dimitrov I. Novel hits for acetylcholinesterase inhibition derived by docking-based screening on ZINC database. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:768-776. [PMID: 29651876 PMCID: PMC6010092 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1458031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) increases the levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and symptomatically improves the affected cognitive function. In the present study, we searched for novel AChE inhibitors by docking-based virtual screening of the standard lead-like set of ZINC database containing more than 6 million small molecules using GOLD software. The top 10 best-scored hits were tested in vitro for AChE affinity, neurotoxicity, GIT and BBB permeability. The main pharmacokinetic parameters like volume of distribution, free fraction in plasma, total clearance, and half-life were predicted by previously derived models. Nine of the compounds bind to the enzyme with affinities from 0.517 to 0.735 µM, eight of them are non-toxic. All hits permeate GIT and BBB and bind extensively to plasma proteins. Most of them are low-clearance compounds. In total, seven of the 10 hits are promising for further lead optimisation. These are structures with ZINC IDs: 00220177, 44455618, 66142300, 71804814, 72065926, 96007907, and 97159977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Drug Design and Development Lab, Sofia Tech Park, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Iva Valkova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Drug Design and Development Lab, Sofia Tech Park, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | - Ivan Dimitrov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Lalut J, Santoni G, Karila D, Lecoutey C, Davis A, Nachon F, Silman I, Sussman J, Weik M, Maurice T, Dallemagne P, Rochais C. Novel multitarget-directed ligands targeting acetylcholinesterase and σ 1 receptors as lead compounds for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, evaluation, and structural characterization of their complexes with acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:234-248. [PMID: 30447434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pleiotropic intervention may be a requirement for effective limitation of the progression of multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. One approach to such intervention is to design a single chemical entity capable of acting on two or more targets of interest, which are accordingly known as Multi-Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs). We recently described donecopride, the first MTDL able to simultaneously inhibit acetylcholinesterase and act as an agonist of the 5-HT4 receptor, which displays promising activities in vivo. Pharmacomodulation of donecopride allowed us to develop a novel series of indole derivatives possessing interesting in vitro activities toward AChE and the σ1 receptor. The crystal structures of complexes of the most promising compounds with Torpedo californica AChE were solved in order to further understand their mode of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lalut
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Gianluca Santoni
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Karila
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Cédric Lecoutey
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Davis
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joel Sussman
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Martin Weik
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France
| | - Tangui Maurice
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases, MMDN Laboratory, University of Montpellier, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut National de la Recherche et de la Santé Médicale, UMR-S1198, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France.
| | - Christophe Rochais
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France.
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Intracellular distribution of new tacrine analogues as a potential cause of their cytotoxicity against human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Savelieff MG, Nam G, Kang J, Lee HJ, Lee M, Lim MH. Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1221-1322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masha G. Savelieff
- SciGency Science Communications, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues as potential dual inhibitors for amyloid-beta and tau aggregation. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4693-4705. [PMID: 30107970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein are two crucial hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their aggregation forms are thought to be toxic to the neurons in the brain. A series of new 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-acridone analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential dual inhibitors for Aβ and tau aggregation. In vitro studies showed that compounds 25-30 (20 μM) with N-methylation of the quinolone ring effectively inhibited Aβ1-42 aggregation by 84.7%-99.5% and tau aggregation by 71.2%-101.8%. Their structure-activity relationships are discussed. In particular, 30 could permeate the blood-brain barrier, bind to Aβ1-42 and tau, inhibit Aβ1-42 β-sheets formation, and prevent tau aggregation in living cells.
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Kim H, Lee HE, Jung IH, Jeon SJ, Zhang J, Kwon Y, Jang DS, Ryu JH. The memory ameliorating effects of DHP1402, an herbal mixture, on cholinergic blockade-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:38-46. [PMID: 28917975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F Chow (Rhamnaceae) and the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata (Siedbold & Zucc.) Benth. & Hook. f ex Trautv. (Campanulaceae), contained in the DHP1402, have long been used for treating dementia or hypomnesia as folk medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY It has been reported that Z. jujuba var. spinosa and C. lanceolata are effective in improving cognitive function, but via different mechanisms. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the synergistic effects of Z. jujuba var. spinosa and C. lanceolata on scopolamine-induced memory impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scopolamine, a cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist, was used to induce cognitive dysfunction. We employed several behavioral tasks to estimate the synergistic effect of the seeds of Z. jujuba var. spinosa and the roots of C. lanceolata. In addition, we introduced the Western blotting, the antagonism passive avoidance task to investigate a synergistic effect of an herbal formulation. RESULTS Synergistic effects of a combination of Z. jujuba var. spinosa and C. lanceolata at a 5:1 ratio [(w/w), DHP1402] were observed against cognitive dysfunction in the passive avoidance and Y-maze tasks. DHP1402 also ameliorated memory deficits in a dose-dependent manner in these behavioral tasks, as well as in the Morris water maze task. According to the Western blot results, the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase A (PKA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus were also increased in a synergistic manner after the administration of DHP1402. In addition, we found that the effects of DHP1402 on cognitive function were mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor signalling, based on the antagonism studies. Furthermore, we found that DHP1402 has inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). CONCLUSION DHP1402 attenuates cholinergic blockade-induced cognitive dysfunction through NMDA receptor modulation, PKA-ERK-CREB pathway activation, and AChE inhibition. Therefore, DHP1402 could be a candidate for alleviating cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneul Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Jung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubeen Kwon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Towards a Novel Class of Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Dual P2X7-NMDA Receptor Antagonists. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010230. [PMID: 29361735 PMCID: PMC6017257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) offer new hope for the treatment of multifactorial complex diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Herein, we present compounds aimed at targeting the NMDA and the P2X7 receptors, which embody a different approach to AD therapy. On one hand, we are seeking to delay neurodegeneration targeting the glutamatergic NMDA receptors; on the other hand, we also aim to reduce neuroinflammation, targeting P2X7 receptors. Although the NMDA receptor is a widely recognized therapeutic target in treating AD, the P2X7 receptor remains largely unexplored for this purpose; therefore, the dual inhibitor presented herein-which is open to further optimization-represents the first member of a new class of MTDLs.
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44
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Kovaleva N, Proshin A, Rudakova E, Boltneva N, Serkov I, Makhaeva G. Effect of the Cycle Size and Spacer Structure in Tacrine and its Cyclopentyl Homologue Conjugates with 5-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino)-1,2,4-thiadiazole on the Spectrum of their Biological Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.18097/bmcrm00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The conjugates of tacrine and its cyclopentyl analogue with 5-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino)-1,2,4-thiadiazole, combined with two different spacers, pentylaminopropane and pentylaminopropene, were synthesized. Their esterase profile, the ability to displace propidium from the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant activity in the ABTS test were investigated. The compounds obtained effectively inhibit cholinesterases with a predominant effect on butyrylcholinesterase, displace propidium from the PAS of Electrophorus electricus AChE (EeAChE) and exhibit a high radical-scavenging capacity. It is shown that, depending on the spacer structure, particulary, the presence of a propenamine or propanamine fragment, the spectrum of biological activity of the conjugates changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.V. Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - A.N. Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - E.V. Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - N.P. Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - I.V. Serkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - G.F. Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
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45
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1,2,4-Thiadiazole derivatives as effective NMDA receptor blockers with anticholinesterase activity and antioxidant properties. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Hosseinkhani A, Sahragard A, Namdari A, Zarshenas MM. Botanical Sources for Alzheimer's: A Review on Reports From Traditional Persian Medicine. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2017; 32:429-437. [PMID: 28683559 PMCID: PMC10852953 DOI: 10.1177/1533317517717013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicines for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have attracted considerable attention nowadays. Alzheimer's disease is described in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) by the term Nesyān. In this study, 5 main medicinal medieval Persian manuscripts were reviewed to filter plants reported for the treatment of Nesyān. Databases were searched for related possible mechanisms of action of these medicinal plants. Each herb was searched for along with these keywords: "acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibition," "antioxidant," "anti-inflammatory," and "anti-amyloidogenic." In Total, 44 herbs were used for the treatment of Nesyān; 40 of those were authenticated. Also, 30 plants had at least one of the mechanisms of action that were searched for or related pharmacological functions known for the treatment of AD. In this work, we introduce promising candidates in TPM that could undergo further investigation for identification of their active compounds and clinical validation in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayda Hosseinkhani
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Sahragard
- Students Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Namdari
- Students Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Zarshenas
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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47
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Serafini MM, Catanzaro M, Rosini M, Racchi M, Lanni C. Curcumin in Alzheimer’s disease: Can we think to new strategies and perspectives for this molecule? Pharmacol Res 2017; 124:146-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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48
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Synthesis of new N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-2-aminothiazoline derivatives possessing anticholinesterase and antiradical activity as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Deters KD, Nho K, Risacher SL, Kim S, Ramanan VK, Crane PK, Apostolova LG, Saykin AJ. Genome-wide association study of language performance in Alzheimer's disease. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 172:22-29. [PMID: 28577822 PMCID: PMC5583024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Language impairment is common in prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and progresses over time. However, the genetic architecture underlying language performance is poorly understood. To identify novel genetic variants associated with language performance, we analyzed brain MRI and performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a composite measure of language performance from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; n=1560). The language composite score was associated with brain atrophy on MRI in language and semantic areas. GWAS identified GLI3 (GLI family zinc finger 3) as significantly associated with language performance (p<5×10-8). Enrichment of GWAS association was identified in pathways related to nervous system development and glutamate receptor function and trafficking. Our results, which warrant further investigation in independent and larger cohorts, implicate GLI3, a developmental transcription factor involved in patterning brain structures, as a putative gene associated with language dysfunction in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacie D Deters
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Program in Medical Neuroscience, Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Vijay K Ramanan
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Center for Neuroimaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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50
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Buckler JN, Taher ES, Fraser NJ, Willis AC, Carr PD, Jackson CJ, Banwell MG. The Synthesis of Certain Derivatives and Analogues of (−)- and (+)-Galanthamine and an Assessment of their Capacities to Inhibit Acetylcholine Esterase. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7869-7886. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N. Buckler
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Nicolas J. Fraser
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Willis
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Paul D. Carr
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Colin J. Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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