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Zürcher D, Wuchner K, Arosio P. Real-Time Observation of Protein Aggregation at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces in a Microfluidic Device. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401085. [PMID: 39175118 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
A droplet microfluidic device to capture in real-time protein aggregation at liquid-liquid interfaces is described. In contrast to conventional methods, typically characterized by a lag time between the application of interfacial stress and the measurement of protein aggregation, here protein adsorption, the formation of a viscoelastic protein layer, aggregation, and shedding of protein particles into solution is simultaneously monitored. The device is applied to analyze the stability of antibody formulations over a wide range of concentrations (1-180 mg mL-1) at the silicone oil (SO)-water interface under controlled mechanical deformation. The adsorption onto oil droplets induces the formation of a viscoelastic protein layer on a subsecond timescale, which progressively restricts the relaxation of the droplets within the chip. Upon mechanical rupture, the protein layer releases particles in solution. The rate of particle formation increases strongly with concentration, similar to the bulk viscosity. Concentrations above 120 mg mL-1 lead to aggregation in seconds and drastically decrease the mechanical perturbations required to shed protein particles in solution. These results are important for the development of formulations at high-protein concentrations (>100 mg mL-1) and indicate that particular attention should be given to interface-induced particle formation in this concentration range. In this context, low-volume microfluidic platforms allow the assessment of protein physical instabilities early in development and represent attractive tools to optimize antibody stability and formulation design consuming limited amounts of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Zürcher
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Wuchner
- Cilag GmbH International, a division of Johnson & Johnson, TDS-Biologics, Analytical Development, Schaffhausen, 8200, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Arosio
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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2
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Alom SE, Kalita S, Kawa AH, Mandal B, Swaminathan R. Early events during the aggregation of Aβ 16-22-derived switch-peptides tracked using Protein Charge Transfer Spectra. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1297:342374. [PMID: 38438229 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding Aβ aggregation and inhibiting it at early stages is of utmost importance in treating Alzheimer's and other related amyloidogenic diseases. However, majority of the techniques to study Aβ aggregation mainly target the late stages; while those used to monitor early stages are either expensive, use extrinsic dyes, or do not provide information on molecular level interactions. Here, we investigate the early events of Aβ16-22(KLVFFAE) aggregation using Aβ16-22 derived switch-peptides (SwPs) through a novel label-free approach employing Protein Charge Transfer Spectra (ProCharTS). RESULTS When pH is increased from 2 to 7.2, the Aβ-derived switch peptides undergo controlled self-assembly, where the initial random coil peptides convert into β-sheet. We leveraged the intrinsic absorbance/luminescence arising from ProCharTS among growing peptide oligomers to observe the aggregation kinetics in real-time. In comparison to monomer, the lysine and glutamate headgroups in the peptide oligomer are expected to come in proximity enhancing ProCharTS intensity due to photoinduced electron transfer. With a combination of Aβ-derived switch-peptides and ProCharTS, we obtained structural insights on the early stages of Aβ-derived SwP aggregation in four unique peptides. Increase in scatter corrected ProCharTS absorbance (250-500 nm) and luminescence (320-720 nm) along with decreased mean luminescence lifetime (2.3-0.8 ns) characterize the initial stages of aggregation monitored for 1-96 h depending on the peptide. We correlated the results with Circular Dichroism (CD), 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) and Thioflavin T (ThT) measurements. SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate ProCharTS as an intrinsic analytical probe with following advantages over other conventional methods to track aggregation: it is a label-free probe; it's intensity can be measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer; it is more sensitive in detecting the early molecular events in aggregation compared to ANS and ThT; and it can provide information on specific contacts made between charged headgroups of Lysine/Glutamate in the oligomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Ekramul Alom
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Altaf Hussain Kawa
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Bhubaneswar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Rajaram Swaminathan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Huang M, Guo S, Li Z, Peng X. Molecular rotor as an in-situ fluorescent probe for the degree of polymerization of α-D-1,4-glucans. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121573. [PMID: 37985067 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Various starch synthesis and tailoring processes involve prevailing adjustments in the degree of polymerization (DP) of linear α-D-1,4-glucan chains (LGCs) for the improved functional performances. Previous studies indicated that LGCs might hinder the twisted relaxation of 9-(2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)-julolidine (CCVJ, a hydrophilic molecular rotor), highlighting CCVJ as a potential in-situ structural probe for LGC. In this study, glucose and its α-D-1,4 oligomers and polymers with molecular weights ranging from 0.18 kDa to 70.00 kDa were prepared as the model molecules (MM). The fluorescent emission behavior of CCVJ in various concentrations (1-5 g/L) of MM solutions or dispersions were analyzed. Results showed that for the low-DP MMs (≤ 3.98 kDa) with good aqueous stability, CCVJ emission increased by about 20 times with the DP of MMs. In contrast, CCVJ generally emitted weak DP-relevant but glucan content-dependent fluorescence in response to the interaction with high-DP MMs (> 3.98 kDa). Furthermore, a double-logarithmic linear relationship was found between the emission intensity of CCVJ and the molar-based molecular weight of glucan. The result combined with the molecular dynamic simulation suggested that CCVJ underwent surface-to-surface interaction with MMs. This study may contribute to the real-time analysis of the DP of α-D-1,4 oligoglucosides in maltodextrin and starch syrup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xingyun Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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4
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Spray Freeze Drying of Biologics: A Review and Applications for Inhalation Delivery. Pharm Res 2022; 40:1115-1140. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Briole A, Abou B. Molecular rotors in haemoglobin and bovine serum albumin proteins. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220709. [PMID: 36448286 PMCID: PMC9709517 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular rotors are fluorescent viscosity probes and their response in simple fluids is known to be a Förster-Hoffman power law, allowing the viscosity of the medium to be quantified by its fluorescence intensity. They are attractive probes in biological media, usually consisting of proteins, but how does a molecular rotor behave in a protein solution? The response of the DASPI molecular rotor is compared in two globular protein solutions of similar size, haemoglobin (Hb) and bovine serum albumin, one absorbent, the other not. In absorbent Hb, a model validated by experiments in triangular geometry allows one to correct the absorbing effect and to compare the rotor response in both proteins. With concomitant microrheology measurements, we investigate the relation between the DASPI fluorescence intensity and solution viscosity. In protein solutions, we show that viscosity is no longer the parameter determining the rotor response in contrast to simple fluids. Varying the viscosity by concentration or temperature is not equivalent, and the Förster-Hoffmann power laws do not apply when the solution concentration varies. We show that the concentration regime of the protein solution, semi-dilute or concentrated, determines the sensitivity of the rotor to its environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Briole
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR7057 CNRS—Université Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
| | - Bérengère Abou
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR7057 CNRS—Université Paris Cité, 75205 Paris, France
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Mahdiabadi S, Rezaei N. Anaphylaxis and allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines: A narrative review of characteristics and potential obstacles on achieving herd immunity. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e787. [PMID: 36032518 PMCID: PMC9401640 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious infection, and new variants of its causative virus continue to emerge all around the world. Meanwhile, mass vaccination represents a highly effective measure to reduce the disease burden. Not only do vaccines immunize individuals, but they also protect the entire population through achieving herd immunity. They are composed of various ingredients, some of which may induce hypersensitivity reactions, namely anaphylaxis and cutaneous allergic reactions. This review aims to provide an explicit overview of the pathophysiology, suspected responsible components, and management of COVID-19 vaccine-induced allergic reactions, and their effect on acquiring herd immunity. Methods To perform this narrative review, a comprehensive literature search based on our selected terms was conducted in online databases of PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar for finding the relevant studies published from 2019 to 2022. Results COVID-19 vaccines introduce several advantages that outweigh their potential risks, such as allergic reactions. Allergic reactions are mainly attributed to polyethylene glycol and polysorbate excipients that can provoke IgE-mediated reactions and hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions should be managed properly to avoid having serious sequelae. Conclusion It is of great importance to immediately recognize and manage vaccine hypersensitivity reactions, especially anaphylaxis, to avoid allergic patients being excluded from the vaccination program, and more importantly, to stop the spreading of unfounded vaccine hesitancy leading to delayed herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mahdiabadi
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Children's Medical CenterTehranIran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Children's Medical CenterTehranIran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Helbig C, Menzen T, Wuchner K, Hawe A. Imaging Flow Cytometry for Sizing and Counting of Subvisible Particles in Biotherapeutics. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2458-2470. [PMID: 35777484 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Imaging flow cytometry (IFC), a technique originally designed for cellular imaging, is featured by the parallel acquisition in brightfield (BF), fluorescence (FL), and side scattering channels. Introduced to the field of subvisible particle analysis in biopharmaceuticals roughly ten years ago, it has the potential to yield additional information, e.g., on particle origin. Here, we present an extensive, systematic development of masks for IFC image analysis to optimize the accuracy of size determination of polystyrene beads and pharmaceutically relevant particles (protein, silicone oil) in BF and FL channels. Based on the developed masks, particle sizing and counting by IFC are compared to flow imaging microscopy (FIM). Mask verification based on fluorescent polystyrene particles revealed good agreement between sizes obtained from IFC and FIM. In the evaluation of counting accuracy, IFC reported lower concentrations for polystyrene particle standards than FIM. For the analysis of fluorescently stained silicone oil and protein particles however, IFC FL imaging reported higher particle concentrations in the low micrometer size range. Overall, we identified IFC as suitable tool to generate supportive data for particle characterization purposes or trouble shooting activities, but not as routine quantitative technique, e.g., for subvisible particle analysis during drug product development or quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Helbig
- Coriolis Pharma Research, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - T Menzen
- Coriolis Pharma Research, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - K Wuchner
- Janssen Research and Development, DPD&S Biotherapeutics Development, Hochstr. 201, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - A Hawe
- Coriolis Pharma Research, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Ünsal H, Şekerel BE, Şahiner ÜM. Allergic reactions against Covıd-19 vaccines. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:2233-2242. [PMID: 34333906 PMCID: PMC8742477 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2104-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected the whole world in a short time. One of the most influential public health initiatives modern medicine has to offer, the vaccine has become even more important as the COVID-19 pandemic continues to worsen worldwide. Many vaccine trials were launched during the COVID-19 pandemic, and these vaccines were widely used around the world, offering realistic hope for ending the pandemic. Allergic reactions to vaccines were reported shortly after their approval. These reactions, in general, are rare, but, in some circumstances, they can be serious. Allergy to vaccines can occur because of either the active vaccine component or vaccine ingredients. The spectrum of the reactions may be just a local hypersensitiviy reaction or may be as severe as an anaphylaxis, which is an acute severe, life-threatening systemic hypersensitive reaction, and it requires quick intervention. If an allergy is suspected, a correct examination followed by algorithms is important for true diagnosis, treatment, and decision regarding revaccination. Patients who experience an allergic reaction with the first dose of covid 19 vaccine should be directed to the allergy-immunologist, and the evaluation of at-risk patients should be individualized. Finally, we should point out that the benefits of current COVID-19 vaccines go far beyond the side effects, and that the vaccine is the most important way to recover from the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ünsal
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Enis Şekerel
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümit Murat Şahiner
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Farzin S, Zamani E, Dishari SK. Unraveling Depth-Specific Ionic Conduction and Stiffness Behavior across Ionomer Thin Films and Bulk Membranes. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:791-798. [PMID: 35549194 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial behavior of submicron thick polymer films critically controls the performance of electrochemical devices. We developed a robust, everyday-accessible, fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)-based strategy that can probe the distribution of mobility, ion conduction, and other properties across ionomer samples. When fluorescent photoacid probe 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS) was incorporated into <1 μm thick Nafion films on substrates, the depth-profile images showed thickness- and interface-dependent proton conduction behavior. In these films, proton conduction was weak over a region next to substrate interface, then gradually increased until air interface at 88% RH. Conversely, consistently high proton conduction with no interface dependence was observed across 35-50 μm thick bulk, free-standing Nafion membranes. A hump-like mobility/stiffness distribution was observed across Nafion films containing mobility-sensitive probe (9-(2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine) (CCVJ). The proton conduction and mobility distribution were rationalized as a combinatorial effect of interfacial interaction, ionomer chain orientation, chain density, and ionic domain characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seefat Farzin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Shudipto K. Dishari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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10
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Briole A, Podgorski T, Abou B. Molecular rotors as intracellular probes of red blood cell stiffness. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4525-4537. [PMID: 33949619 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00321f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The deformability of red blood cells is an essential parameter that controls the rheology of blood as well as its circulation in the body. Characterizing the rigidity of the cells and their heterogeneity in a blood sample is thus a key point in the understanding of occlusive phenomena, particularly in the case of erythrocytic diseases in which healthy cells coexist with pathological cells. However, measuring intracellular rheology in small biological compartments requires the development of specific techniques. We propose a technique based on molecular rotors - viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes - to evaluate the above key point. DASPI molecular rotor has been identified with spectral fluorescence properties decoupled from those of hemoglobin, the main component of the cytosol. After validation of the rotor as a viscosity probe in model fluids, we showed by confocal microscopy that, in addition to binding to the membrane, the rotor penetrates spontaneously and uniformly into red blood cells. Experiments on red blood cells whose rigidity is varied with temperature, show that molecular rotors can detect variations in their overall rigidity. A simple model allowed us to separate the contribution of the cytosol from that of the membrane, allowing a qualitative determination of the variation of cytosol viscosity with temperature, consistent with independent measurements of the viscosity of hemoglobin solutions. Our experiments show that the rotor can be used to study the intracellular rheology of red blood cells at the cellular level, as well as the heterogeneity of this stiffness in a blood sample. This opens up new possibilities for biomedical applications, diagnosis and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Briole
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS - Université de Paris, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Thomas Podgorski
- Laboratoire Rhéologie et Procédés, UMR 5520 CNRS-UGA-G.INP - Domaine Universitaire, BP 53 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Bérengère Abou
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS - Université de Paris, 75013 Paris, France.
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Banerji A, Wickner PG, Saff R, Stone CA, Robinson LB, Long AA, Wolfson AR, Williams P, Khan DA, Phillips E, Blumenthal KG. mRNA Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19 Disease and Reported Allergic Reactions: Current Evidence and Suggested Approach. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:1423-1437. [PMID: 33388478 PMCID: PMC7948517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for 2 highly effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. This has brought hope to millions of Americans in the midst of an ongoing global pandemic. The FDA EUA guidance for both vaccines is to not administer the vaccine to individuals with a known history of a severe allergic reaction (eg, anaphylaxis) to any component of the COVID-19 vaccine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) additionally advises individuals with a history of an immediate allergic reaction to a vaccine or injectable or any history of anaphylaxis be observed for 30 minutes after COVID-19 vaccination. All other individuals should be observed for 15 minutes after COVID-19 vaccination. Staff at vaccine clinics must be able to identify and manage anaphylaxis. Post-FDA EUA, despite very strong safety signals in both phase 3 trials, reports of possible allergic reactions have raised public concern. To provide reassurance and support during widespread global vaccination, allergists must offer clear guidance to individuals based on the best information available, but also in accordance with the broader recommendations of regulatory agencies. This review summarizes vaccine allergy epidemiology and proposes drug and vaccine allergy expert opinion informed risk stratification for Allergy specialist use in conjunction with guidance of public health and regulatory authorities. The risk stratification schema guide care for (1) individuals with different allergy histories to safely receive their first mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and (2) individuals who develop a reaction to their first dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Paige G Wickner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Rebecca Saff
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Cosby A Stone
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Lacey B Robinson
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Aidan A Long
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Anna R Wolfson
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Paul Williams
- Allergy Division, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash
| | - David A Khan
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Edward P. Lawrence Center for Quality and Safety, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
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12
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Allergic Reactions to Current Available COVID-19 Vaccinations: Pathophysiology, Causality, and Therapeutic Considerations. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030221. [PMID: 33807579 PMCID: PMC7999280 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines constitute the most effective medications in public health as they control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases and reduce mortality. Similar to other medications, allergic reactions can occur during vaccination. While most reactions are neither frequent nor serious, anaphylactic reactions are potentially life-threatening allergic reactions that are encountered rarely, but can cause serious complications. The allergic responses caused by vaccines can stem from activation of mast cells via Fcε receptor-1 type I reaction, mediated by the interaction between immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against a particular vaccine, and occur within minutes or up to four hours. The type IV allergic reactions initiate 48 h after vaccination and demonstrate their peak between 72 and 96 h. Non-IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation via activation of the complement system and via activation of the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 can also induce allergic reactions. Reactions are more often caused by inert substances, called excipients, which are added to vaccines to improve stability and absorption, increase solubility, influence palatability, or create a distinctive appearance, and not by the active vaccine itself. Polyethylene glycol, also known as macrogol, in the currently available Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, and polysorbate 80, also known as Tween 80, in AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccines, are excipients mostly incriminated for allergic reactions. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge of immediate and delayed allergic reactions in the currently available vaccines against COVID-19, together with the general and specific therapeutic considerations. These considerations include: The incidence of allergic reactions and deaths under investigation with the available vaccines, application of vaccination in patients with mast cell disease, patients who developed an allergy during the first dose, vasovagal symptoms masquerading as allergic reactions, the COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy, deaths associated with COVID-19 vaccination, and questions arising in managing of this current ordeal. Careful vaccine-safety surveillance over time, in conjunction with the elucidation of mechanisms of adverse events across different COVID-19 vaccine platforms, will contribute to the development of a safe vaccine strategy. Allergists’ expertise in proper diagnosis and treatment of allergic reactions is vital for the screening of high-risk individuals.
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Luminescence Spectroscopy – a Useful Tool in Real-Time Monitoring of Viscosity during In-Vitro Digestion. FOOD BIOPHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-020-09660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Kim MA, Lee YW, Kim SR, Kim JH, Min TK, Park HS, Shin M, Ye YM, Lee S, Lee J, Choi JH, Jang GC, Chang YS. COVID-19 Vaccine-associated Anaphylaxis and Allergic Reactions: Consensus Statements of the KAAACI Urticaria/Angioedema/Anaphylaxis Working Group. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2021; 13:526-544. [PMID: 34212542 PMCID: PMC8255352 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2021.13.4.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the era of novel coronavirus epidemics, vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been recognized as the most effective public health interventions to control the pandemic. An adverse event following immunization (AEFI) is defined as any untoward occurrence following immunization, and the majority of AEFIs are caused by protective immune responses stimulated by vaccines. Most of the reported AEFIs are not serious, and many are not immunologically mediated or even reproducible on re-exposure. However, uncommon severe allergic adverse reactions, such as anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions, can occur after vaccinations. Confirmed allergic reactions to vaccines may be caused by residual non-human protein, preservatives, or stabilizers in the vaccine formulation (also known as excipients). There are 2 main potential allergenic/immunogenic excipients in COVID-19 vaccines, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate 80. PEG, also known as macrogol, is an ingredient in various laxatives and injectable formulations, such as depot steroids. Polysorbate 80 is present in various medical products, creams, ointments, lotions, and medication tablets. Contraindications to the administration of COVID-19 vaccines include a previous history of severe allergic reactions to the first dose of COVID-19 vaccine or proven hypersensitivity to a vaccine component, such as PEG or polysorbate 80. Anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions following immunization can cause fear and loss of confidence in the safety of vaccines among the public. A better understanding of these events is thought to help alleviate concerns about the current COVID-19 vaccines and provide reassurance to the general population by analyzing the exact incidence of anaphylaxis and potential risk factors. COVID-19 vaccine-associated anaphylaxis could be prevented and managed by risk stratification based on our local and global experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ae Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong Won Lee
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - So Ri Kim
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Taek Ki Min
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Meeyong Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Gwang Cheon Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Yoon Seok Chang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital,Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
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15
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Ghosh P, De P. Modulation of Amyloid Protein Fibrillation by Synthetic Polymers: Recent Advances in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6598-6625. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246 Nadia, West Bengal, India
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16
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Liu X, Chi W, Qiao Q, Kokate SV, Cabrera EP, Xu Z, Liu X, Chang YT. Molecular Mechanism of Viscosity Sensitivity in BODIPY Rotors and Application to Motion-Based Fluorescent Sensors. ACS Sens 2020; 5:731-739. [PMID: 32072803 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Viscosity in the intracellular microenvironment shows a significant difference in various organelles and is closely related to cellular processes. Such microviscosity in live cells is often mapped and quantified with fluorescent molecular rotors. To enable the rational design of viscosity-sensitive molecular rotors, it is critical to understand their working mechanisms. Herein, we systematically synthesized and investigated two sets of BODIPY-based molecular rotors to study the relationship between intramolecular motions and viscosity sensitivity. Through experimental and computational studies, two conformations (i.e., the planar and butterfly conformations) are found to commonly exist in BODIPY rotors. We demonstrate that the transformation energy barrier from the planar conformation to the butterfly conformation is strongly affected by the molecular structures of BODIPY rotors and plays a critical role in viscosity sensitivity. These findings enable rational structure modifications of BODIPY molecular rotors for highly effective protein detection and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Weijie Chi
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Qinglong Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Siddhant V. Kokate
- Departamento de Quimica DCNE, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Peña Cabrera
- Departamento de Quimica DCNE, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
| | - Zhaochao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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17
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Madeira do O J, Foralosso R, Yilmaz G, Mastrotto F, King PJS, Xerri RM, He Y, van der Walle CF, Fernandez-Trillo F, Laughton CA, Styliari I, Stolnik S, Mantovani G. Poly(triazolyl methacrylate) glycopolymers as potential targeted unimolecular nanocarriers. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21155-21166. [PMID: 31663091 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05836b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic glycopolymers are increasingly investigated as multivalent ligands for a range of biological and biomedical applications. This study indicates that glycopolymers with a fine-tuned balance between hydrophilic sugar pendant units and relatively hydrophobic polymer backbones can act as single-chain targeted nanocarriers for low molecular weight hydrophobic molecules. Non-covalent complexes formed from poly(triazolyl methacrylate) glycopolymers and low molecular weight hydrophobic guest molecules were characterised through a range of analytical techniques - DLS, SLS, TDA, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface tension analysis - and molecular dynamics (MD) modelling simulations provided further information on the macromolecular characteristics of these single chain complexes. Finally, we show that these nanocarriers can be utilised to deliver a hydrophobic guest molecule, Nile red, to both soluble and surface-immobilised concanavalin A (Con A) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) model lectins with high specificity, showing the potential of non-covalent complexation with specific glycopolymers in targeted guest-molecule delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Madeira do O
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - R Foralosso
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - G Yilmaz
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - F Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P J S King
- Malvern Panalytical Ltd, Malvern, WR14 1XZ, UK
| | - R M Xerri
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Y He
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | | | | | - C A Laughton
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - I Styliari
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - S Stolnik
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
| | - G Mantovani
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK.
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18
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Varejão JOS, Varejão EVV, Fernandes SA. Synthesis and Derivatization of Julolidine: A Powerful Heterocyclic Structure. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jodieh Oliveira Santana Varejão
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB); Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Vinícius Vieira Varejão
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB); Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Sergio Antonio Fernandes
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB); Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; 36570-900 Brazil
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19
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Yu M, Silva TC, van Opstal A, Romeijn S, Every HA, Jiskoot W, Witkamp GJ, Ottens M. The Investigation of Protein Diffusion via H-Cell Microfluidics. Biophys J 2019; 116:595-609. [PMID: 30736981 PMCID: PMC6383004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed a microfluidics method, using a so-called H-cell microfluidics device, for the determination of protein diffusion coefficients at different concentrations, pHs, ionic strengths, and solvent viscosities. Protein transfer takes place in the H-cell channels between two laminarly flowing streams with each containing a different initial protein concentration. The protein diffusion coefficients are calculated based on the measured protein mass transfer, the channel dimensions, and the contact time between the two streams. The diffusion rates of lysozyme, cytochrome c, myoglobin, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin, and etanercept were investigated. The accuracy of the presented methodology was demonstrated by comparing the measured diffusion coefficients with literature values measured under similar solvent conditions using other techniques. At low pH and ionic strength, the measured lysozyme diffusion coefficient increased with the protein concentration gradient, suggesting stronger and more frequent intermolecular interactions. At comparable concentration gradients, the measured lysozyme diffusion coefficient decreased drastically as a function of increasing ionic strength (from zero onwards) and increasing medium viscosity. Additionally, a particle tracing numerical simulation was performed to achieve a better understanding of the macromolecular displacement in the H-cell microchannels. It was found that particle transfer between the two channels tends to speed up at low ionic strength and high concentration gradient. This confirms the corresponding experimental observation of protein diffusion measured via the H-cell microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Andries van Opstal
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Romeijn
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hayley A Every
- FeyeCon Development & Implementation, Weesp, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Witkamp
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
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20
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Bergsdorf C, Wright SK. A Guide to Run Affinity Screens Using Differential Scanning Fluorimetry and Surface Plasmon Resonance Assays. Methods Enzymol 2018; 610:135-165. [PMID: 30390797 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, drug discovery has evolved from a pure phenotypic approach to an integrated target-based strategy. The implementation of high-throughput biochemical and cellular assays has enabled the screening of large compound libraries which has become an important and often times the main source of new chemical matter that serve as starting point for medicinal chemistry efforts. In addition, biophysical methods measuring the physical interaction (affinity) between a low molecular weight ligand and a target protein became an integral part of hit validation/optimization to rule out false positives due to assay artifacts. Recent advances in throughput, robustness, and sensitivity of biophysical affinity screening methods have broadened their application in hit identification and validation such that they can now complement classical functional readouts. As a result, new target classes can be accessed that have not been amenable to functional assays. In this chapter, two affinity screening methods, differential scanning fluorimetry and surface plasmon resonance, which are broadly utilized in both academia and pharmaceutical industry are discussed in respect to their use in hit identification and validation. These methods exemplify how assays which differ in complexity, throughput, and information content can support the hit identification/validation process. This chapter focuses on the practical aspects and caveats of these techniques in order to enable the reader to establish their own affinity-based screens in both formats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Kirk Wright
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, United States
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21
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Yang Y, Mah A, Yuk IH, Grewal PS, Pynn A, Cole W, Gao D, Zhang F, Chen J, Gennaro L, Schöneich C. Investigation of Metal-Catalyzed Antibody Carbonylation With an Improved Protein Carbonylation Assay. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:2570-2580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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22
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McClure SM, Ahl PL, Blue JT. High Throughput Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) Formulation Screening with Complementary Dyes to Assess Protein Unfolding and Aggregation in Presence of Surfactants. Pharm Res 2018; 35:81. [PMID: 29508082 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose was to evaluate DSF for high throughput screening of protein thermal stability (unfolding/ aggregation) across a wide range of formulations. Particular focus was exploring PROTEOSTAT® - a commercially available fluorescent rotor dye - for detection of aggregation in surfactant containing formulations. Commonly used hydrophobic dyes (e.g. SYPRO™ Orange) interact with surfactants, complicating DSF measurements. METHODS CRM197 formulations were prepared and analyzed in standard 96-well plate rT-PCR system, using SYPRO™ Orange and PROTEOSTAT® dyes. Orthogonal techniques (DLS and IPF) are employed to confirm unfolding/aggregation in selected formulations. Selected formulations are subjected to non-thermal stresses (stirring and shaking) in plate based format to characterize aggregation with PROTEOSTAT®. RESULTS Agreement is observed between SYPRO™ Orange (unfolding) and PROTEOSTAT® (aggregation) DSF melt temperatures across wide range of non-surfactant formulations. PROTEOSTAT® can clearly detect temperature induced aggregation in low concentration (0.2 mg/mL) CRM197 formulations containing surfactant. PROTEOSTAT® can be used to explore aggregation due to non-thermal stresses in plate based format amenable to high throughput screening. CONCLUSIONS DSF measurements with complementary extrinsic dyes (PROTEOSTAT®, SYPRO™ Orange) are suitable for high throughput screening of antigen thermal stability, across a wide range of relevant formulation conditions - including surfactants -with standard, plate based rT-PCR instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M McClure
- Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, WP75B-210, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA, 19486, USA.
| | - Patrick L Ahl
- Vaccine Drug Product Development, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, West Point, PA, 19486, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Blue
- Vaccine Drug Product Development, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, West Point, PA, 19486, USA
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23
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Fares M, Li Y, Liu Y, Miao K, Gao Z, Zhai Y, Zhang X. A Molecular Rotor-Based Halo-Tag Ligand Enables a Fluorogenic Proteome Stress Sensor to Detect Protein Misfolding in Mildly Stressed Proteome. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:215-224. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Fares
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yinghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kun Miao
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zi Gao
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yufeng Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and §The Huck Institutes
of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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24
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Alhassawi FM, Corradini MG, Rogers MA, Ludescher RD. Potential applications of luminescent molecular rotors in food science and engineering. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1902-1916. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1278583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah M. Alhassawi
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Maria G. Corradini
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Michael A. Rogers
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard D. Ludescher
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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25
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Estimating Extrinsic Dyes for Fluorometric Online Monitoring of Antibody Aggregation in CHO Fed-Batch Cultivations. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4030065. [PMID: 28952544 PMCID: PMC5615311 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy was evaluated in this work as tool for real-time monitoring of antibody aggregation in CHO fed-batch cultivations via partial least square (PLS) modeling. Therefore, we used the extrinsic fluorescence dyes 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS), 4,4′-bis-1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (Bis-ANS), or Thioflavin T (ThT) as medium additives. This is a new application area, since these dyes are commonly used for aggregate detection during formulation development. We determined the half maximum inhibitory concentrations of ANS (203 ± 11 µmol·L−1), Bis-ANS (5 ± 0.5 µmol·L−1), and ThT (3 ± 0.2 µmol·L−1), and selected suitable concentrations for this application. The results showed that the emission signals of non-covalent dye antibody aggregate interaction superimposed the fluorescence signals originating from feed medium and cell culture. The fluorescence datasets were subsequently used to build PLS models, and the dye-related elevated fluorescence signals dominated the model calibration. The soft sensors based on ANS and Bis-ANS signals showed high predictability with a low error of prediction (1.7 and 2.3 mg·mL−1 aggregates). In general, the combination of extrinsic dye and used concentration influenced the predictability. Furthermore, the ThT soft sensor indicated that the intrinsic fluorescence of the culture might be sufficient to predict antibody aggregation online.
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26
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Su D, Teoh CL, Wang L, Liu X, Chang YT. Motion-induced change in emission (MICE) for developing fluorescent probes. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4833-4844. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new concept of motion-induced change in emission (MICE) in a single molecule for developing fluorescent probes is presented and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Su
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- 138667 Singapore
| | - Chai Lean Teoh
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- 138667 Singapore
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- 138667 Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Singapore University of Technology and Design
- 487372 Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium
- Agency for Science
- Technology and Research (A*STAR)
- 138667 Singapore
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27
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Kale SS, Akamanchi KG. Trehalose Monooleate: A Potential Antiaggregation Agent for Stabilization of Proteins. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4082-4093. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Smita S. Kale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Krishnacharya G. Akamanchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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28
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Kalel R, Mora AK, Ghosh R, Dhavale DD, Palit DK, Nath S. Interaction of a Julolidine-Based Neutral Ultrafast Molecular Rotor with Natural DNA: Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Studies. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:9843-53. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kalel
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Aruna K. Mora
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Rajib Ghosh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Dilip D. Dhavale
- Department
of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Dipak K. Palit
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sukhendu Nath
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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29
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Lai HP, Gao RC, Huang CL, Chen IC, Tan KT. Fluorescence switchable probes based on a molecular rotor for selective detection of proteins and small molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:16197-200. [PMID: 26396997 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06714f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, we report a general strategy to create fluorescence switchable probes, where a small molecule ligand is conjugated to a fluorescent molecular rotor, for the selective detection of proteins through a non-enzymatic process. In the presence of target proteins, bond rotation of the molecular rotor is restricted, thereby triggering the emission of strong fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ping Lai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Ruo-Cing Gao
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chi-Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - I-Chia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China. and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kui-Thong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China. and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
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30
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Wong JJH, Wright SK, Ghozalli I, Mehra R, Furuya K, Katayama DS. Simultaneous High-Throughput Conformational and Colloidal Stability Screening Using a Fluorescent Molecular Rotor Dye, 4-(4-(Dimethylamino)styryl)-N-Methylpyridinium Iodide (DASPMI). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:842-50. [PMID: 27138878 DOI: 10.1177/1087057116646553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Technologies to improve the throughput for screening protein formulations are continuously evolving. The purpose of this article is to highlight novel applications of a molecular rotor dye, 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide (DASPMI) in screening for the conformational stability, colloidal stability, and subtle pretransition dynamics of protein structures during early formulation development. The measurement of the apparent unfolding temperature (Tm) for a monoclonal antibody in the presence of Tween 80 was conducted and data were compared to the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. Additionally, measuring the fluorescence intensity of DASPMI as a function of protein concentration shows consistent correlation to the diffusion interaction parameter (kD) for two distinct monoclonal antibody formulations measured by DLS. Lastly, due to the sensitivity of the molecular rotor dye to changes in microviscosity (ηmicro), subtle pretransition dynamics were discernable for two monoclonal antibody formulations that correlate with findings by red-edge excitation shift (REES) experiments. This novel application of molecular rotor dyes offers a valuable and promising approach for streamlining the early formulation development process due to low material consumption and rapid analysis time in a 96-well plate format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensen J H Wong
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Sara K Wright
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Irene Ghozalli
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Rajni Mehra
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Furuya
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
| | - Derrick S Katayama
- Analytical Science Department, Analytical and Formulation Development, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA, USA
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31
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Intelligent monitoring of solid state polymerization via molecular rotors: The case of poly(butylene succinate). Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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32
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Haidekker MA, Theodorakis EA. Ratiometric mechanosensitive fluorescent dyes: Design and applications. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2016; 4:2707-2718. [PMID: 27127631 PMCID: PMC4844075 DOI: 10.1039/c5tc03504j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent molecules, with their almost instantaneous response to external influences and relatively low-cost measurement instrumentation, have been attractive analytical tools and biosensors for centuries. More recently, advanced chemical synthesis and targeted design have accelerated the development of fluorescent probes. This article focuses on dyes with segmental mobility (known as fluorescent molecular rotors) that act as mechanosensors, which are known for their relationship of emission quantum yield with microviscosity. Fluorescence lifetime is directly related to quantum yield, but steady-state emission intensity is not. To remove confounding factors with steady-state instrumentation, dual-band emission dyes can be used, and molecular rotors have been developed that either have intrinsic dual emission or that have a non-sensitive reference unit to provide a calibration emission band. We report on theory, chemical structure, applications and targeted design of several classes of dual-emission molecular rotors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Haidekker
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, 597 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Emmanuel A. Theodorakis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC: 0358, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA. Fax: 1-858-822-0386; Tel: 1-858-822-0456
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33
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Guo J, Kumar S, Chipley M, Marcq O, Gupta D, Jin Z, Tomar DS, Swabowski C, Smith J, Starkey JA, Singh SK. Characterization and Higher-Order Structure Assessment of an Interchain Cysteine-Based ADC: Impact of Drug Loading and Distribution on the Mechanism of Aggregation. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:604-15. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Devansh Gupta
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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34
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Sediq AS, van Duijvenvoorde RB, Jiskoot W, Nejadnik MR. No Touching! Abrasion of Adsorbed Protein Is the Root Cause of Subvisible Particle Formation During Stirring. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:519-529. [PMID: 26869415 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study addressed the effect of contact sliding during stirring of a monoclonal antibody solution on protein aggregation, in particular, in the nanometer and micrometer size range. An overhead stirring set-up was designed in which the presence and magnitude of the contact between the stir bar and the container could be manipulated. A solution of 0.1 mg/mL of a monoclonal antibody (IgG) in phosphate buffered saline was stirred at 300 rpm at room temperature. At different time points, samples were taken and analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow imaging microscopy, and size-exclusion chromatography. In contrast to non-contact-stirred and unstirred samples, the contact-stirred sample contained several-fold more particles and showed a significant loss of monomer. No increase in oligomer content was detected. The number of particles formed was proportional to the contact area and the magnitude of the normal pressure between the stir bar and the glass container. Extrinsic 9-(2,2-dicyanovinyl) julolidine fluorescence indicated a conformational change for contact-stirred protein samples. Presence of polysorbate 20 inhibited the formation of micron-sized aggregates. We suggest a model in which abrasion of the potentially destabilized, adsorbed protein leads to aggregation and renewal of the surface for adsorption of a fresh protein layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Sediq
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - R B van Duijvenvoorde
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
| | - M Reza Nejadnik
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands.
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35
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Temel DB, Landsman P, Brader ML. Orthogonal Methods for Characterizing the Unfolding of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Methods Enzymol 2016; 567:359-89. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Relaxation Photoprocesses in a Crowned Styryl Dye and its Metal Complex. J Fluoresc 2015; 25:1739-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-015-1660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Kryndushkin D, Rao VA. Comparative Effects of Metal-Catalyzed Oxidizing Systems on Carbonylation and Integrity of Therapeutic Proteins. Pharm Res 2015; 33:526-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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38
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High Throughput Fluorescence Assay to Detect Aggregation During Biologics Formulation Development. J Pharm Innov 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-014-9211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Guo J, Kumar S, Prashad A, Starkey J, Singh SK. Assessment of physical stability of an antibody drug conjugate by higher order structure analysis: impact of thiol- maleimide chemistry. Pharm Res 2014; 31:1710-23. [PMID: 24464270 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide a systematic biophysical approach towards a better understanding of impact of conjugation chemistry on higher order structure and physical stability of an antibody drug conjugate (ADC). METHODS ADC was prepared using thiol-maleimide chemistry. Physical stabilities of ADC and its parent IgG1 mAb were compared using calorimetric, spectroscopic and molecular modeling techniques. RESULTS ADC and mAb respond differently to thermal stress. Both the melting temperatures and heat capacities are substantially lower for the ADC. Spectroscopic experiments show that ADC and mAb have similar secondary and tertiary structures, but these are more easily destabilized by thermal stress on the ADC indicating reduced conformational stability. Molecular modeling calculations suggest a substantial decrease in the conformational energy of the mAb upon conjugation. The local surface around the conjugation sites also becomes more hydrophobic in the ADC, explaining the lower colloidal stability and greater tendency of the ADC to aggregate. CONCLUSIONS Computational and biophysical analyses of an ADC and its parent mAb have provided insights into impact of conjugation on physical stability and pinpointed reasons behind lower structural stability and increased aggregation propensity of the ADC. This knowledge can be used to design appropriate formulations to stabilize the ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Guo
- Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical R&D, Pfizer Inc., 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, MO, 63017, USA
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40
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Chaudhuri R, Cheng Y, Middaugh CR, Volkin DB. High-throughput biophysical analysis of protein therapeutics to examine interrelationships between aggregate formation and conformational stability. AAPS JOURNAL 2013; 16:48-64. [PMID: 24174400 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-013-9539-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stabilization and formulation of therapeutic proteins against physical instability, both structural alterations and aggregation, is particularly challenging not only due to each protein's unique physicochemical characteristics but also their susceptibility to the surrounding milieu (pH, ionic strength, excipients, etc.) as well as various environmental stresses (temperature, agitation, lyophilization, etc.). The use of high-throughput techniques can significantly aid in the evaluation of stabilizing solution conditions by permitting a more rapid evaluation of a large matrix of possible combinations. In this mini-review, we discuss both key physical degradation pathways observed for protein-based drugs and the utility of various high-throughput biophysical techniques to aid in protein formulation development to minimize their occurrence. We then focus on four illustrative case studies with therapeutic protein candidates of varying sizes, shapes and physicochemical properties to explore different analytical challenges in monitoring protein physical instability. These include an IgG2 monoclonal antibody, an albumin-fusion protein, a recombinant pentameric plasma glycoprotein, and an antibody fragment (Fab). Future challenges and opportunities to improve and apply high-throughput approaches to protein formulation development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajoshi Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Macromolecule and Vaccine Stabilization Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, USA
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41
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Volchkov VV, Khimich MN, Mel’nikov MY, Uzhinov BM. A fluorescence study of the excited-state dynamics of boron dipyrrin molecular rotors. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143913050147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Filipe V, Hawe A, Carpenter JF, Jiskoot W. Analytical approaches to assess the degradation of therapeutic proteins. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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43
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Hamrang Z, Rattray NJW, Pluen A. Proteins behaving badly: emerging technologies in profiling biopharmaceutical aggregation. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 31:448-58. [PMID: 23769716 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over recent decades biotechnology has made significant advances owing to the emergence of powerful biochemical and biophysical instrumentation. The development of such technologies has enabled high-throughput assessment of compounds, the implementation of recombinant DNA technology, and large-scale manufacture of monoclonal antibodies. Such innovations have ultimately resulted in the current experienced biopharmaceutical stronghold in the therapeutic market. Yet aggregate prediction and profiling remains a challenge in the formulation of biopharmaceuticals due to artifacts associated with each analytical method. We review some emerging trends and novel technologies that offer a promising potential for accurately predicting and profiling protein aggregation at various stages of biopharmaceutical product design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hamrang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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44
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Heljo VP, Filipe V, Romeijn S, Jiskoot W, Juppo AM. Stability of Rituximab in Freeze-Dried Formulations Containing Trehalose or Melibiose Under Different Relative Humidity Atmospheres. J Pharm Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Ablinger E, Leitgeb S, Zimmer A. Differential scanning fluorescence approach using a fluorescent molecular rotor to detect thermostability of proteins in surfactant-containing formulations. Int J Pharm 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Menzen T, Friess W. High-throughput melting-temperature analysis of a monoclonal antibody by differential scanning fluorimetry in the presence of surfactants. J Pharm Sci 2012; 102:415-28. [PMID: 23212746 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) is successfully used as a high-throughput screening method for the analysis of the protein melting temperature (T(m)) in the development of therapeutic monoclonal antibody (MAb) formulations. Typically, surfactants are utilized in MAb formulations as a stabilizer, but the commonly applied polarity-sensitive dye SYPRO® Orange shows bright fluorescence in the presence of micelles, concealing the signal of protein unfolding. Studying various MAb formulations containing polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, or poloxamer 188 (PX 188), the molecular rotor probe 4-(dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ) was investigated. Although limited to higher MAb concentrations, DCVJ enabled the determination of T(m) in many formulations where SYPRO® Orange failed. It is important to note that careful background correction of placebo formulations is essential for the precise determination of T(m) and especially T(m onset). Thermal shifts of T(m1) (lowest observed thermal transition) indicating stabilizing or destabilizing effects of pH or excipient were in good agreement across all tested formulations and correlated well with differential scanning calorimetry measurements. Additionally, the micellization temperature of PX 188 was confirmed, which leads to a nonproteinous transition. With this new method, it is possible to apply DSF during the development of therapeutic proteins in surfactant-containing formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Menzen
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 81377, Germany.
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47
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Yennawar H, He G, Rumble C, Maroncelli M. 2-Cyano-3-(2,3,6,7-tetra-hydro-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizin-9-yl)prop-2-enoic acid dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o3204-5. [PMID: 23284513 PMCID: PMC3515293 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812043383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
In dimethyl sulfoxide solvated 9-(2-carb-oxy-2-cyano-vin-yl)julolidine, C(16)H(16)N(2)O(2)·C(2)H(6)OS, the essentially planar -CH=(CN)-CO(2)H substituent (r.m.s. deviation = 0.014 Å) is almost coplanar with respect to the benzene ring, the dihedral angle between the two planes being 0.48 (2)°. The conformations of the fused, non-aromatic rings were found to be half-chair. In the crystal, the acid molecule forms a hydrogen bond to the O atom of the solvent mol-ecule. The acid mol-ecule is disordered over two positions with respect to the methyl-ene C atoms in a 1:1 ratio. The crystal studied was found to be a racemic twin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Yennawar
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Gang He
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Christopher Rumble
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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48
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Rumble C, Rich K, He G, Maroncelli M. CCVJ Is Not a Simple Rotor Probe. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10786-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309019g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rumble
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kacie Rich
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gang He
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Mark Maroncelli
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University
Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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49
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High-dose monoclonal antibodies via the subcutaneous route: challenges and technical solutions, an industry perspective. Ther Deliv 2012; 3:889-900. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.12.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the various challenges in product development involved in subcutaneous administration of high-dose monoclonal antibodies and attempts to provide an industry perspective of some of the available technologies and potential avenues to overcome these challenges.
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50
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Samra HS, He F. Advancements in high throughput biophysical technologies: applications for characterization and screening during early formulation development of monoclonal antibodies. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:696-707. [PMID: 22263524 DOI: 10.1021/mp200404c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The formulation development of monoclonal antibodies is extremely challenging, due to the diversity and complexity contained within this class of molecules. The physical and chemical properties of a monoclonal antibody dictate the behavior of the protein drug during manufacturing, storage and clinical administration. In the past few years, the use of high throughput technologies has been widely adapted to delineate unique properties of individual immunoglobulin G's (IgG's) important for their development. Numerous screening techniques have been designed to reveal physical and chemical characteristics of a protein relevant to stability under production, formulation and delivery conditions. In addition, protein stability under accelerated stresses has been utilized to predict long-term storage behavior for monoclonal antibodies in the formulation. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in the field of biophysical technology, with a specific focus on the techniques that can be directly applied to the formulation development of monoclonal antibodies. Several case studies are also presented here to provide examples of combining existing biophysical methods with high throughput screening technology in the formulation development of monoclonal antibody drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep S Samra
- Department of Formulation Sciences, MedImmune , One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA.
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