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Wasim M, Bergonzi MC. Unlocking the Potential of Oleanolic Acid: Integrating Pharmacological Insights and Advancements in Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:692. [PMID: 38931816 PMCID: PMC11206505 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in oleanolic acid (OA) as a triterpenoid with remarkable health benefits prompts an emphasis on its efficient use in pharmaceutical research. OA exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and antiviral properties. While OA demonstrates diverse pharmacological effects, optimizing its therapeutic potential requires overcoming significant challenges. In the field of pharmaceutical research, the exploration of efficient drug delivery systems is essential to maximizing the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds. Efficiently delivering OA faces challenges, such as poor aqueous solubility and restricted bioavailability, and to unlock its full therapeutic efficacy, novel formulation strategies are imperative. This discussion thoroughly investigates different approaches and advancements in OA drug delivery systems with the aim of enhancing the biopharmaceutical features and overall efficacy in diverse therapeutic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Camilla Bergonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
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2
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Guo M, Qin S, Wang S, Sun M, Yang H, Wang X, Fan P, Jin Z. Herbal Medicine Nanocrystals: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Strategy. Molecules 2023; 28:6370. [PMID: 37687199 PMCID: PMC10489021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicines have gained recognition among physicians and patients due to their lower adverse effects compared to modern medicines. They are extensively used to treat various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular issues, chronic inflammation, microbial contamination, diabetes, obesity, and hepatic disorders, among others. Unfortunately, the clinical application of herbal medicines is limited by their low solubility and inadequate bioavailability. Utilizing herbal medicines in the form of nanocrystals (herbal medicine nanocrystals) has shown potential in enhancing solubility and bioavailability by reducing the particle size, increasing the specific surface area, and modifying the absorption mechanisms. Multiple studies have demonstrated that these nanocrystals significantly improve drug efficacy by reducing toxicity and increasing bioavailability. This review comprehensively examines therapeutic approaches based on herbal medicine nanocrystals. It covers the preparation principles, key factors influencing nucleation and polymorphism control, applications, and limitations. The review underscores the importance of optimizing delivery systems for successful herbal medicine nanocrystal therapeutics. Furthermore, it discusses the main challenges and opportunities in developing herbal medicine nanocrystals for the purpose of treating conditions such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular disorders, mental and nervous diseases, and antimicrobial infections. In conclusion, we have deliberated regarding the hurdles and forthcoming outlook in the realm of nanotoxicity, in vivo kinetics, herbal ingredients as stabilizers of nanocrystals, and the potential for surmounting drug resistance through the utilization of nanocrystalline formulations in herbal medicine. We anticipate that this review will offer innovative insights into the development of herbal medicine nanocrystals as a promising and novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shugang Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832008, China
| | - Huiling Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832008, China
| | - Xinchun Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832008, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaohui Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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3
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Zuccari G, Alfei S. Development of Phytochemical Delivery Systems by Nano-Suspension and Nano-Emulsion Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9824. [PMID: 37372971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The awareness of the existence of plant bioactive compounds, namely, phytochemicals (PHYs), with health properties is progressively expanding. Therefore, their massive introduction in the normal diet and in food supplements and their use as natural therapeutics to treat several diseases are increasingly emphasized by several sectors. In particular, most PHYs possessing antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiulcer, anti-cholesterol, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties have been isolated from plants. Additionally, their secondary modification with new functionalities to further improve their intrinsic beneficial effects has been extensively investigated. Unfortunately, although the idea of exploiting PHYs as therapeutics is amazing, its realization is far from simple, and the possibility of employing them as efficient clinically administrable drugs is almost utopic. Most PHYs are insoluble in water, and, especially when introduced orally, they hardly manage to pass through physiological barriers and scarcely reach the site of action in therapeutic concentrations. Their degradation by enzymatic and microbial digestion, as well as their rapid metabolism and excretion, strongly limits their in vivo activity. To overcome these drawbacks, several nanotechnological approaches have been used, and many nanosized PHY-loaded delivery systems have been developed. This paper, by reporting various case studies, reviews the foremost nanosuspension- and nanoemulsion-based techniques developed for formulating the most relevant PHYs into more bioavailable nanoparticles (NPs) that are suitable or promising for clinical application, mainly by oral administration. In addition, the acute and chronic toxic effects due to exposure to NPs reported so far, the possible nanotoxicity that could result from their massive employment, and ongoing actions to improve knowledge in this field are discussed. The state of the art concerning the actual clinical application of both PHYs and the nanotechnologically engineered PHYs is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Zuccari
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, I-16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, I-16148 Genova, Italy
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4
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Fu S, Yang X. Recent advances in natural small molecules as drug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:4584-4599. [PMID: 37084077 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00070b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are a multidisciplinary approach toward the effective delivery of drugs to their target sites. Natural small molecule (NSM) compounds with anticancer activity, self-assembly and co-assembly functions show great potential for application as novel DDSs in the biomedical field. NSMs are widely sourced, have many modification sites, and readily form hydrogen bonds, π-π interactions, van der Waals interactions, and other non-covalent bonds in solvents, resulting in ordered structures. Moreover, their good biocompatibility and bioactivity allow compositions based on these compounds to be used in life science applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery and cell imaging, showing the potential medical value of NSMs as DDSs. In this review, we summarise the role, assembly principles and applications of natural products such as triterpenoids, diterpenoids, sterols, alkaloids and polysaccharides in the construction of small molecule systems, which are expected to provide an important reference for the development of more active natural nanomaterials and the study of single or multi-component interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Fu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, No. 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, No. 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, West Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 188 Jihuayuan South Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401135, China
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De Stefani C, Lodovichi J, Albonetti L, Salvatici MC, Quintela JC, Bilia AR, Bergonzi MC. Solubility and Permeability Enhancement of Oleanolic Acid by Solid Dispersion in Poloxamers and γ-CD. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093042. [PMID: 35566392 PMCID: PMC9101807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in the Oleaceae family, and it represents 3.5% of the dry weight of olive leaves. OA has many pharmacological activities, such as hepatoprotection, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and anti-microbic activities. Its therapeutic application is limited by its poor water solubility, bioavailability, and permeability. In this study, solid dispersions (SDs) were developed to overcome these OA limitations. Solubility studies were conducted to evaluate different hydrophilic polymers, drug-to-polymer ratios, and preparation methods. Poloxamer 188, Poloxamer 407, and γ-CD exhibited the highest increases in terms of OA solubility, regardless of the method of preparation. Binary systems were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRPD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, pure compounds and SDs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to observe both the morphology and the particle surface. In vitro dissolution studies were performed for P407, P188, and γ-CD SDs. Preparation using the solvent evaporation method (SEM) produced the highest increase in the dissolution profiles of all three polymers with respect to the OA solution. Finally, the effect of SDs on OA permeability was evaluated with an in vitro parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). The formulation improved passive permeation across the simulated barrier due to OA increased solubility. The dissolution and PAMPA results indicate that the amorphization of OA by SD preparation could be a useful method to enhance its oral absorption, and it is also applicable on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Stefani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, 50519 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (C.D.S.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Jessika Lodovichi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, 50519 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (C.D.S.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Laura Albonetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, 50519 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (C.D.S.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Maria Cristina Salvatici
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM)—Electron Microscopy Centre (Ce.M.E.), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy;
| | | | - Anna Rita Bilia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, 50519 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (C.D.S.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Maria Camilla Bergonzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via U Schiff 6, 50519 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; (C.D.S.); (J.L.); (L.A.); (A.R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-055-457-3678
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Banarase NB, Kaur CD. Whole whey stabilized oleanolic acid nanosuspension: Formulation and evaluation study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Prajapati H, Serajuddin ATM. Development of Fully Redispersible Dried Nanocrystals by Using Sucrose Laurate as Stabilizer for Increasing Surface Area and Dissolution Rate of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:780-793. [PMID: 34673097 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is much interest in converting poorly water-soluble drugs into nanocrystals as they provide extremely high surface area that increases dissolution rate and oral bioavailability. However, nanocrystals are prepared as aqueous suspensions, and once the suspensions are dried for development of solid dosage forms, the nanocrystals agglomerate as large particles to reduce the excess surface energy. For successful development of drug products, it is essential that any agglomeration is reversible, and the dried nanocrystals regain original particle sizes after redispersion in aqueous media. We have established that sucrose laurate serves as a superb stabilizer to ensure complete redispersion of dried nanocrystals in aqueous media with mild agitation. Nanocrystals (150-300 nm) of three neutral drugs (fenofibrate, danazol and probucol) were produced with sucrose laurate by media milling, and suspensions were dried by tray drying under vacuum, spray drying, and lyophilization. Dried solids and their tablets redispersed into original particle sizes spontaneously. Preliminary studies showed that sucrose laurate can also redisperse acidic and basic drugs, indicating its versatile application. Fatty acid ester of another disaccharide, lactose laurate, also performed like sucrose laurate. Thus, we have developed a method of retaining high dissolution rate and, by implication, high bioavailability of nanocrystals from solid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Prajapati
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Abu T M Serajuddin
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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Xie Y, Ma C, Yang X, Wang J, Long G, Zhou J. Phytonanomaterials as therapeutic agents and drug delivery carriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113868. [PMID: 34303754 PMCID: PMC8482412 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been a major resource for drug discovery. Emerging evidence shows that in addition to pharmacologically active components, medicinal plants also contain phytochemical nanomaterials, or phytonanomaterials, which form nanoparticles for drug delivery. In this review, we examine the evidence supporting the existence of phytonanomaterials. Next, we review identification, isolation, and classification of phytonanomaterials, characteristics of phytonanomaterial-derived nanoparticles, and molecular mechanisms of phytonanomaterial assembly. We will then summarize the current progress in exploring phytonanomaterial-derived NPs as therapeutic agents and drug delivery carriers for disease treatment. Last, we will provide perspectives on future discovery and applications of phytonanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Gretchen Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Glucose Fatty Acid Esters Using SCOs as Acyl Group-Donors and Their Biological Activities. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11062700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sugar fatty acid esters, especially glucose fatty acid esters (GEs), have broad applications in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. In this research, the fatty acid moieties derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids containing single-cell oils (SCOs) (i.e., those produced from Cunninghamella echinulata, Umbelopsis isabellina and Nannochloropsis gaditana, as well as from olive oil and an eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrate) were converted into GEs by enzymatic synthesis, using lipases as biocatalysts. The GE synthesis was monitored using thin-layer chromatography, FTIR and in situ NMR. It was found that GE synthesis carried out using immobilized Candida antarctica B lipase was very effective, reaching total conversion of reactants. It was shown that EPA-GEs were very effective against several pathogenic bacteria and their activity can be attributed to their high EPA content. Furthermore, C. echinulata-GEs were more effective against pathogens compared with U. isabellina-GEs, probably due to the presence of gamma linolenic acid (GLA) in the lipids of C. echinulata, which is known for its antimicrobial activity, in higher concentrations. C. echinulata-GEs also showed strong insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, followed by EPA-GEs, olive oil-GEs and N. gaditana-GEs. All synthesized GEs induced apoptosis of the SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell line, with the apoptotic rate increasing significantly after 48 h. A higher percentage of apoptosis was observed in the cells treated with EPA-GEs, followed by C. echinulata-GEs, U. isabellina-GEs and olive oil-GEs. We conclude that SCOs can be used in the synthesis of GEs with interesting biological properties.
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Ben-Shabat S, Yarmolinsky L, Porat D, Dahan A. Antiviral effect of phytochemicals from medicinal plants: Applications and drug delivery strategies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:354-367. [PMID: 31788762 PMCID: PMC7097340 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections affect three to five million patients annually. While commonly used antivirals often show limited efficacy and serious adverse effects, herbal extracts have been in use for medicinal purposes since ancient times and are known for their antiviral properties and more tolerable side effects. Thus, naturally based pharmacotherapy may be a proper alternative for treating viral diseases. With that in mind, various pharmaceutical formulations and delivery systems including micelles, nanoparticles, nanosuspensions, solid dispersions, microspheres and crystals, self-nanoemulsifying and self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS and SMEDDS) have been developed and used for antiviral delivery of natural products. These diverse technologies offer effective and reliable delivery of medicinal phytochemicals. Given the challenges and possibilities of antiviral treatment, this review provides the verified data on the medicinal plants and related herbal substances with antiviral activity, as well as applied strategies for the delivery of these plant extracts and biologically active phytochemicals. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Ben-Shabat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | | | - Daniel Porat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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Matulyte I, Kasparaviciene G, Bernatoniene J. Development of New Formula Microcapsules from Nutmeg Essential Oil Using Sucrose Esters and Magnesium Aluminometasilicate. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E628. [PMID: 32635497 PMCID: PMC7408566 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are volatile liquids which evaporate and lose their pharmacological effect when exposed to the environment. The aim of this study is to protect nutmeg essential oil from environmental factors by encapsulation (shell material, sodium alginate) and determine the influence of crosslinker concentration (2%, 5% calcium chloride), different emulsifiers (polysorbate 80, sucrose esters), and magnesium aluminometasilicate on microcapsule physical parameters, encapsulation efficiency (EE), swelling index (SI), and other parameters. Nutmeg essential oil (NEO)-loaded calcium alginate microcapsules were prepared by extrusion. The swelling test was performed with and without enzymes in simulated gastric, intestinal, and gastrointestinal media. This study shows that the crosslinker concentration has a significant influence on EE, with 2% calcium chloride solution being more effective than 5%, and capsules being softer with 2% crosslinker solution. Using sucrose esters, EE is higher when polysorbate 80 is used. The swelling index is nearly three times higher in an intestinal medium without enzymes than in the medium with pancreatin. Microcapsule physical parameters depend on the excipients: the hardest capsules were obtained with the biggest amount of sodium alginate; the largest with magnesium aluminometasilicate. Sucrose esters and magnesium aluminometasilicate are new materials used in extrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Matulyte
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Kasparaviciene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Mierina I, Vilskersts R, Turks M. Delivery Systems for Birch-bark Triterpenoids and their Derivatives in Anticancer Research. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1308-1336. [PMID: 29848269 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180530095657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Birch-bark triterpenoids and their semi-synthetic derivatives possess a wide range of biological activities including cytotoxic effects on various tumor cell lines. However, due to the low solubility and bioavailability, their medicinal applications are rather limited. The use of various nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems is a rapidly developing approach to the solubilization of insufficiently bioavailable pharmaceuticals. Herein, the drug delivery systems deemed to be applicable for birch-bark triterpenoid structures are reviewed. The aforementioned disadvantages of birch-bark triterpenoids and their semi-synthetic derivatives can be overcome through their incorporation into organic nanoparticles, which include various dendrimeric systems, as well as embedding the active compounds into polymer matrices or complexation with carbohydrate nanoparticles without covalent bonding. Some of the known triterpenoid delivery systems consist of nanoparticles featuring inorganic cores covered with carbohydrates or other polymers. Methods for delivering the title compounds through encapsulation and emulsification into lipophilic media are also suitable. Besides, the birch-bark triterpenoids can form self-assembling systems with increased bio-availability. Even more, the self-assembling systems are used as carriers for delivering other chemotherapeutic agents. Another advantage besides increased bioavailability and anticancer activity is the reduced overall systemic toxicity in most of the cases, when triterpenoids are delivered with any of the carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inese Mierina
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Reinis Vilskersts
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia; 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Māris Turks
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
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Effect of oleanolic acid for prevention of acute lung injury and apoptosis. TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 27:532-539. [PMID: 32082922 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2019.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of oleanolic acid on acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods The study included 70 female Wistar albino rats (weighing 180 to 200 g). We created seven groups, each consisting of 10 rats. Then, we generated acute lung injuries by intra-tracheal peroxynitrite injection in every group except for the control group. We investigated the effect of oleanolic acid. For this purpose, we measured the levels of malondialdehyde, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 4, interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the collected blood samples from the rats. In addition, we examined the lung tissue samples histopathologically and assessed the rate of apoptosis. Results Peroxynitrite injected groups at 24 and 48 h showed a statistically significant increase in interleukin 1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 4, interleukin 10 and malondialdehyde levels, which are accepted as mediators of the inflammatory process, compared to the control group. When peroxynitrite injected groups at 24 and 48 h were compared to the treatment groups of the same hour, a statistically significant decrease was detected. According to histopathological examination, peroxynitrite injected groups at 24 and 48 h showed a significant increase of tissue injury scores compared to the control group. However, the groups that were treated with oleanolic acid showed a significant decrease compared to the peroxynitrite groups (p<0.001 for tumor necrosis factor alpha and apoptosis results at 48 h). Conclusion In this study, we confirmed that oleanolic acid can be an effective agent for the prevention of acute lung injury generated via peroxynitrite.
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Paul S, Heng PWS, Chan LW. Improvement in dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by sucrose esters as drug carrier in nanosuspension formulation: optimisation and in vitro characterisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1152-1163. [PMID: 29943465 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chlorin e6 is a poorly water-soluble photoactive drug. Its monomers form aggregates at the tumour physiological pH, which drastically reduces its photodynamic efficacy. This study aimed to improve the dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of chlorin e6 by nanosuspension formulation using biodegradable sucrose esters as drug carrier. METHODS A modified emulsion-solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the nanosuspension, where amount of Ce6, ratio of sucrose monopalmitate to sucrose monolaurate as carrier and ratio of dichloromethane to acetone as solvent, were varied using central composite design. Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release characteristics of the nanosuspensions were evaluated. The formulation was optimised by response surface methodology and its photodynamic efficacy evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The optimised nanosuspension had mean particle size of ~200 nm, 88% drug encapsulation efficiency and faster drug release compared to pure Ce6. Spectroscopic studies showed that Ce6 exists in monomeric form in the carrier, which facilitated a remarkable increase in cellular uptake, in vitro singlet oxygen generation and cytotoxicity to oral squamous carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS The dissolution rate and photodynamic efficacy of Ce6 were markedly improved by formulating the drug as a nanosuspension with sucrose esters as drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEANUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lai Wah Chan
- GEANUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Use of ion pair amphiphile as an alternative of natural phospholipids in enhancing the stability and anticancer activity of oleanolic acid loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Sarfraz M, Afzal A, Raza SM, Bashir S, Madni A, Khan MW, Ma X, Xiang G. Liposomal co-delivered oleanolic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced multi-organ toxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47136-47153. [PMID: 28525367 PMCID: PMC5564550 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin in combination with other cytotoxic drugs has clinical advantages. However, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity negatively impacts clinical utility and outcomes. Cardiotoxicity can result from increased oxidative stress or from a local cytochrome P450 mediated increase in 20-hydroxy-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid with free radical scavenging, cardioprotective, and P450-mediated cyclooxygenase-upregulating properties. We investigated co-delivery of liposomal OA and doxorubicin in a HepG2 model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). OA attenuated the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin without compromising its anticancer activity. Apoptosis assays revealed that co-delivery of DOX and OA produced a synergistic anticancer effect. However, the drugs had antagonistic effects on cardiomyocytes. Female BALB/c nude mice treated with OA- and DOX-loaded liposomes (ODLs) exhibited reduced tumor growth, stable body weight, and stable organ indices. Reduced 20-HETE production suggested ODLs had limited cardiotoxicity. No changes in biochemical or histopathological markers were observed in mice treated with ODLs. Tailored co-delivery of OA and DOX may thus be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarfraz
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Attia Afzal
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54610, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Masood Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Sajid Bashir
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Guangya Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
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17
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Role of PEG 2000 in the surface modification and physicochemical characteristics of pyrazinamide loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. J CHEM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Sharma M, Sharma S, Sharma V, Sharma K, Yadav SK, Dwivedi P, Agrawal S, Paliwal SK, Dwivedi AK, Maikhuri JP, Gupta G, Mishra PR, Rawat AKS. Oleanolic–bioenhancer coloaded chitosan modified nanocarriers attenuate breast cancer cells by multimode mechanism and preserve female fertility. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1345-1358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Zhang W, Liang C, Liu H, Li Z, Chen R, Zhou M, Li D, Ye Q, Luo C, Sun J. Polymeric nanoparticles developed by vitamin E-modified aliphatic polycarbonate polymer to promote oral absorption of oleanolic acid. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 12:586-593. [PMID: 32104372 PMCID: PMC7032188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) exhibited good pharmacological activities in the clinical treatment of hypoglycemia, immune regulation, acute jaundice and chronic toxic hepatitis. However, the oral delivery of OA is greatly limited by its inferior water solubility and poor intestinal mucosa permeability. Herein, we developed a novel polymeric nanoparticle (NP) delivery system based on vitamin E modified aliphatic polycarbonate (mPEG-PCC-VE) to facilitate oral absorption of OA. OA encapsulated mPEG-PCC-VE NPs (OA/mPEG-PCC-VE NPs) showed uniform particle size of about 170 nm with high drug loading capability (8.9%). Furthermore, the polymeric mPEG-PCC-VE NPs, with good colloidal stability and pH-sensitive drug release characteristics, significantly enhanced the in vitro dissolution of OA in the alkaline medium. The in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies performed on rats demonstrated that the OA/mPEG-PCC-VE NPs showed significantly improved permeability in the whole intestinal tract when compared to OA solution, especially for duodenum and colon. As a result, the in vivo pharmacokinetics study indicated that the bioavailability of OA/mPEG-PCC-VE NPs showed 1.5-fold higher than commercially available OA tablets. These results suggest that mPEG-PCC-VE NPs are a promising platform to facilitate the oral delivery of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chufan Liang
- HAISCO (Shenyang) Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, BioMolecular Sciences Department, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Zhenbao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- School of Continuing Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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20
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Xia X, Liu H, Lv H, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zhao Z. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro/vivo studies of oleanolic acid-loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1417-1427. [PMID: 28533680 PMCID: PMC5431734 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s133997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is used to safely and economically treat hepatopathy. However, OA, a Biopharmaceutics Classification System IV category drug, has low bioavailability owing to low solubility (<1 μg/mL) and biomembrane permeability. We developed a novel OA nanoparticle (OA-NP)-loaded lactoferrin (Lf) nanodelivery system with enhanced in vitro OA dissolution and improved oral absorption and bioavailability. The OA-NPs were prepared using NP albumin-bound technology and characterized using dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro dissolution test. The in vivo pharmacokinetics was investigated in Sprague Dawley rats using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. OA-NPs (OA:Lf =1:6, w/w%) exhibited spherical morphology, 202.2±8.3 nm particle size, +(27.1±0.32) mV ζ potential, 92.59%±3.24% encapsulation efficiency, and desirable in vitro release profiles. An effective in vivo bioavailability (340.59%) was achieved compared to the free drug following oral administration to rats. The Lf novel nanodelivery vehicle enhanced the dissolution rate, intestinal absorption, and bioavailability of OA. These results demonstrate that Lf NPs are a new strategy for improving oral absorption and bioavailability of poorly soluble and poorly absorbed drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing.,Department of Pharmaceutics, ZheJiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo
| | - Haowei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Huixia Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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21
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Pentacyclic Triterpene Bioavailability: An Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030400. [PMID: 28273859 PMCID: PMC6155290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes are naturally found in a great variety of fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants and are therefore part of the human diet. The beneficial health effects of edible and medicinal plants have partly been associated with their triterpene content, but the in vivo efficacy in humans depends on many factors, including absorption and metabolism. This review presents an overview of in vitro and in vivo studies that were carried out to determine the bioavailability of pentacyclic triterpenes and highlights the efforts that have been performed to improve the dissolution properties and absorption of these compounds. As plant matrices play a critical role in triterpene bioaccessibility, this review covers literature data on the bioavailability of pentacyclic triterpenes ingested either from foods and medicinal plants or in their free form.
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22
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Preparation, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study of PVP-modified oleanolic acid liposomes. Int J Pharm 2017; 517:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Valdés K, Morales J, Rodríguez L, Günther G. Potential use of nanocarriers with pentacyclic triterpenes in cancer treatments. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:3139-3156. [PMID: 27809705 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids are representative pentacyclic triterpenoids found in various plants and fruits. Despite having marked antitumor potentials, the very poor water solubility of these triterpenes hinders treatment development. Nanotechnology can enhance solubility, stability, bioavailability and phytochemical delivery, improving the therapeutic efficiency of triterpenes. This review focuses on the formulation, characterization and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of several delivery nanosystems used to enhance the physicochemical properties of ursolic, oleanolic and betulinic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Valdés
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Morales
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lennin Rodríguez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú
| | - Germán Günther
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Zhang W, Yang Y, Lv T, Fan Z, Xu Y, Yin J, Liao B, Ying H, Ravichandran N, Du Q. Sucrose esters improve the colloidal stability of nanoethosomal suspensions of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate for enhancing the effectiveness against UVB-induced skin damage. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2416-2425. [PMID: 27618624 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanoethosomal suspensions, composed of phospholipids, ethanol, and water, are novel lipid carriers. These suspensions have been reported to enhance the permeation of drugs into the skin as a result of the interdigitation effect of ethanol on the lipid bilayer of liposomes and by increasing the fluidity of lipids in the stratum corneum. The physical stability of the nanoethosomal suspension is still a critical research problem until now. This study investigated the commercial palm sucrose esters to improve the colloidal stability of nanoethosomal suspensions. The results indicated that palm sucrose esters (PSE) were effective for stabilizing nanoethosomal suspension of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea. A PSE concentration of 0.15% was optimal for a nanoethosomal suspension which gave mean diameter 75.5 ± 3.5 nm, zeta potential -30.8 ± 3.2 mV and polydispersity index 0.207 ± 0.017. Moreover, the effectiveness of stabilization was influenced by the degree of esterification of the sucrose esters: the sucrose polyesters could prolong the stability of nanoethosomes loaded with EGCG to a year, but the sucrose monoesters only provided less than 6 months of stabilization. EGCG nanoethosomal suspension stabilized by sucrose polyesters shows better inhibition effectiveness against UVB-induced skin damage than native EGCG. The nanoethosomal suspension has the potential for its utilization as skin care and other products. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2416-2425, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Tao Lv
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Yongquan Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Junfeng Yin
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Bingwu Liao
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Hao Ying
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Nagaiya Ravichandran
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
| | - Qizhen Du
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, 311300, China
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25
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Gao N, Guo M, Fu Q, He Z. Application of hot melt extrusion to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016; 12:66-72. [PMID: 32104315 PMCID: PMC7032251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the in vitro dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid (OA), a water insoluble drug belonging to BCS class IV. Hot melt extrusion (HME) was applied to develop OA amorphous solid dispersions. The characterizations of the optimal formulation were performed by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and in vitro dissolution test. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study was conducted in rats. As a result, OA solid dispersion based on PVP VA 64 (OA-PVP) was successfully prepared. In the dissolution medium containing 0.3% SDS, OA-PVP dramatically increased the releasing rate of OA compared with the physical mixture (PM-PVP) and commercial tablet. Furthermore, OA-PVP exhibited higher AUC (P < 0.05) and Cmax (P < 0.05) than PM-PVP and commercial tablet. The superior dissolution property and bioavailability of OA-PVP mainly attributed to the amorphous state of OA in PVP VA64 and the well dispersion caused by thermal melting and shearing. Overall, hot melt extrusion was an efficient strategy to enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengran Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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26
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Yang X, Jiang Q, Du P, Zhao J, Zhang T. Preparation and characterization of solidified oleanolic acid–phospholipid complex aiming to improve the dissolution of oleanolic acid. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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Ma B, Wang J, Tong J, Zhou G, Chen Y, He J, Wang Y. Protective effects of Chaenomeles thibetica extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced damage via the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway. Food Funct 2016; 7:1492-500. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01430a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chaenomeles thibetica extract possesses antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride-induced damage via the MAPK/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Ma
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tong
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Zhou
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsheng He
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Youwei Wang
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- People's Republic of China
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28
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Man DKW, Casettari L, Cespi M, Bonacucina G, Palmieri GF, Sze SCW, Leung GPH, Lam JKW, Kwok PCL. Oleanolic Acid Loaded PEGylated PLA and PLGA Nanoparticles with Enhanced Cytotoxic Activity against Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2112-25. [PMID: 25881668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid with anticancer properties, but its hydrophobic nature and poor aqueous solubility pose challenges in pharmaceutical formulation development. The present study aimed at developing OA-loaded mPEG-PLGA or mPEG-PLA nanoparticles (NPs) to improve the delivery of OA. The NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation, and their physicochemical properties were characterized. The OA encapsulation efficiency of the NPs was between 40 and 75%. The size of the OA-loaded NPs was around 200-250 nm, which fell within the range required for tumor targeting by means of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and the negatively charged NPs remained physically stable for over 20 weeks with no aggregation observed. The OA-loaded NPs produced significant cytotoxic effects through apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Overall, the OA-loaded mPEG-PLGA NPs and mPEG-PLA NPs shared similar physicochemical properties. The former, especially the OA-loaded mPEG-P(D,L)LGA NPs, were more cytotoxic to cancer cells and therefore were more efficient for OA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Casettari
- ‡Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, Piazza Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, Pesaro and Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Cespi
- §School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- §School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Stephen C W Sze
- ∥School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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29
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Ma H, Chu M, Itagaki K, Xin P, Zhou X, Zhang D, Wang Y, Fu J, Sun S. Formulation and in vitro characterization of a novel solid lipid-based drug delivery system. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2014; 62:1173-9. [PMID: 25450625 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c14-00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The liquid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (L-SEDDS), commonly used to deliver effective but poorly water-soluble oleanolic acid (OA), has many limitations such as high manufacturing costs, few choices of dosage forms, risk of leakage from hard gelatin capsules, low stability, limited portability, incompatibility with capsule materials, and relatively restricted storage conditions. Thus the main purpose of our study was to develop a promising solid lipid-based drug delivery system (S-SEDDS) for OA. The S-SEDDS, prepared from wet granulation with an optimized L-SEDDS formulation and mannitol, was characterized by particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray powder diffraction. Finally, the solubility of the OA-loaded S-SEDDS was compared with that of OA powder in the dissolution assay. Our new S-SEDDS for OA was developed from the optimum L-SEDDS with ethyl oleate (oil phase), Labrasol (surfactant), and Transcutol P (cosurfactant) at a volume ratio of 15:71:14 with 1.5% w/v OA and mannitol. The dissolution of OA was improved by 60% compared with that of the pure OA powder. All the problems associated with the L-SEDDS were resolved. The methodologies we developed for OA delivery could also be utilized for the delivery of other drugs with the S-SEDDS.
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30
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Das S, Ng WK, Tan RBH. Sucrose ester stabilized solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers. I. Effect of formulation variables on the physicochemical properties, drug release and stability of clotrimazole-loaded nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:105101. [PMID: 24531790 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/10/105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) utilizing sucrose ester as a stabilizer/emulsifier for the controlled release of drug/active. Both SLNs and NLCs were prepared using different sugar esters to screen out the most suitable stabilizer. Clotrimazole was used as a model active/drug. The effect of different formulation variables on the particle size, polydispersity index and drug encapsulation efficiency of SLNs and NLCs was evaluated and compared. SLNs and NLCs were physicochemically characterized and compared using Cryo-SEM, DSC and XRD. Furthermore, a drug release study of SLNs and NLCs was conducted. Finally, physicochemical stability (size, PI, ZP, EE) of the SLNs and NLCs was checked at 25 ± 2 °C and at 2-8 °C. Among the sucrose esters, D-1216 was found to be most suitable for both SLNs and NLCs. Formulation variables exhibited a significant impact on size, PI and EE of the nanoparticles. SLNs with ∼120 nm size, ∼0.23 PI, ∼I26I mV ZP, ∼87% EE and NLCs with ∼160 nm size, 0.15 PI, ∼I26I mV ZP, ∼88% EE were produced. Cryo-SEM revealed spherical particles with a smooth surface but did not exhibit any difference in surface morphology between SLNs and NLCs. DSC and XRD results demonstrated the disappearance of clotrimazole peak(s) in drug-loaded SLNs and NLCs. Faster drug release was observed from SLNs than NLCs. NLCs were found to be more stable than SLNs in terms of size, PI, EE and drug release. The results indicated that both SLNs and NLCs stabilized with sucrose ester D-1216 can be used as controlled release carriers although NLCs have an edge over SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Das
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
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Song J, Wang Y, Song Y, Chan H, Bi C, Yang X, Yan R, Wang Y, Zheng Y. Development and characterisation of ursolic acid nanocrystals without stabiliser having improved dissolution rate and in vitro anticancer activity. AAPS PharmSciTech 2014; 15:11-19. [PMID: 24022345 PMCID: PMC3909170 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), which is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, has the potential to be developed as an anticancer drug, whereas its poor aqueous solubility and dissolution rate limit its clinical application. The aim of the present study was to develop UA nanocrystals to enhance its aqueous dispersibility, dissolution rate and anticancer activity. Following the investigation on the effects of stabiliser, the ratio of organic phase to aqueous solution and drug concentration, the UA nanocrystals without stabiliser were successfully prepared by anti-solvent precipitation approach. The nanocrystals maintained similar crystallinity with particle size, polydispersion index and zeta potential values of 188.0 ± 4.4 nm, 0.154 ± 0.022, and -25.0 ± 5.9 mV, respectively. Compared with the raw material, the UA nanocrystals showed good aqueous dispensability and a higher dissolution rate, and they could be completely dissolved in 0.5% SDS solution within 120 min. Moreover, the suspension of UA nanocrystals was physically stable after storage at 4°C for 7 weeks. By inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, the UA nanocrystals significantly induced stronger cell growth inhibition activity against MCF-7 cells compared with free drug in vitro, although the uptake of free UA was approximately twice higher than that of the UA nanocrystals. The UA nanocrystals may be used as a potential delivery formulation for intravenous injection with enhanced dissolution velocity and anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Song
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Yancai Wang
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
- />School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic University, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Yuelin Song
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Hokman Chan
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Chao Bi
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Xiao Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Ru Yan
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Yitao Wang
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
| | - Ying Zheng
- />State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 2/F, Room 204A, Block 3, Av. Padre Tomás Pereira, S.J. Taipa, Macao,, SAR China
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Shanmugam MK, Dai X, Kumar AP, Tan BKH, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Oleanolic acid and its synthetic derivatives for the prevention and therapy of cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence. Cancer Lett 2014; 346:206-16. [PMID: 24486850 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA, 3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid) is a ubiquitous pentacyclic multifunctional triterpenoid, widely found in several dietary and medicinal plants. Natural and synthetic OA derivatives can modulate multiple signaling pathways including nuclear factor-κB, AKT, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, mammalian target of rapamycin, caspases, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in a variety of tumor cells. Importantly, synthetic derivative of OA, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), and its C-28 methyl ester (CDDO-Me) and C28 imidazole (CDDO-Im) have demonstrated potent antiangiogenic and antitumor activities in rodent cancer models. These agents are presently under evaluation in phase I studies in cancer patients. This review summarizes the diverse molecular targets of OA and its derivatives and also provides clear evidence on their promising potential in preclinical and clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyun Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Benny K H Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA, USA.
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Kabri TH, Meynier A, Bontemps D, Gaillard C, Foucat L, Linder M, Genot C. Formulation of sub-micron emulsions containing docosahexaenoic acid esterified in triacylglycerols or phospholipids. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Hinan Kabri
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages; Nantes France
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Anne Meynier
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages; Nantes France
| | | | - Cédric Gaillard
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages; Nantes France
| | - Loic Foucat
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages; Nantes France
| | - Michel Linder
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules; Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France
| | - Claude Genot
- INRA, UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages; Nantes France
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Cao F, Gao Y, Wang M, Fang L, Ping Q. Propylene glycol-linked amino acid/dipeptide diester prodrugs of oleanolic acid for PepT1-mediated transport: synthesis, intestinal permeability, and pharmacokinetics. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1378-87. [PMID: 23339520 DOI: 10.1021/mp300647m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In our previous studies, ethylene glycol-linked amino acid diester prodrugs of oleanolic acid (OA), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drug, designed to target peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) have been synthesized and evaluated. Unlike ethylene glycol, propylene glycol is of very low toxicity in vivo. In this study, propylene glycol was used as a linker to further compare the effect of the type of linker on the stability, permeability, affinity, and bioavailability of the prodrugs of OA. Seven diester prodrugs with amino acid/dipeptide promoieties containing L-Val ester (7a), L-Phe ester (7b), L-Ile ester (7c), D-Val-L-Val ester (9a), L-Val-L-Val ester (9b), L-Ala-L-Val ester (9c), and L-Ala-L-Ile ester (9d) were designed and successfully synthesized. In situ rat single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model was performed to screen the effective permeability (P(eff)) of the prodrugs. P(eff) of 7a, 7b, 7c, 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d (6.7-fold, 2.4-fold, 1.24-fold, 1.22-fold, 4.15-fold, 2.2-fold, and 1.4-fold, respectively) in 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid buffer (MES) with pH 6.0 showed significant increase compared to that of OA (p < 0.01). In hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid buffer (HEPES) of pH 7.4, except for 7c, 9a, and 9d, P(eff) of the other prodrugs containing 7a (5.2-fold), 7b (2.0-fold), 9b (3.1-fold), and 9c (1.7-fold) exhibited significantly higher values than that of OA (p < 0.01). In inhibition studies with glycyl-sarcosine (Gly-Sar, a typical substrate of PepT1), P(eff) of 7a (5.2-fold), 7b (2.0-fold), 9b (3.1-fold), and 9c (2.3-fold) had significantly reduced values (p < 0.01). Compared to the apparent permeability coefficient (P(app)) of OA with Caco-2 cell monolayer, significant enhancement of the P(app) of 7a (5.27-fold), 9b (3.31-fold), 9a (2.26-fold), 7b (2.10-fold), 7c (2.03-fold), 9c (1.87-fold), and 9d (1.39-fold) was also observed (p < 0.01). Inhibition studies with Gly-Sar (1 mM) showed that P(app) of 7a, 9b, and 9c significantly reduced by 1.3-fold, 1.6-fold, and 1.4-fold (p < 0.01), respectively. These results may be attributed to PepT1-mediated transport and their differential affinity toward PepT1. According to the permeability and affinity, 7a and 9b were selected in the pharmacokinetic studies in rats. Compared with group OA, C(max) for group 7a and 9b was enhanced to 3.04-fold (p < 0.01) and 2.62-fold (p < 0.01), respectively. AUC(0→24) was improved to 3.55-fold (p < 0.01) and 3.39-fold (p < 0.01), respectively. Compared to the ethylene glycol-linked amino acid diester prodrugs of OA in our previous work, results from this study revealed that part of the propylene glycol-linked amino acid/dipeptide diester prodrugs showed better stability, permeability, affinity, and bioavailability. In conclusion, propylene glycol-linked amino acid/dipeptide diester prodrugs of OA may be suitable for PepT1-targeted prodrugs of OA to improve the oral bioavailability of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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Diab R, Brillault J, Bardy A, Gontijo A, Olivier J. Formulation and in vitro characterization of inhalable polyvinyl alcohol-free rifampicin-loaded PLGA microspheres prepared with sucrose palmitate as stabilizer: Efficiency for ex vivo alveolar macrophage targeting. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:833-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Cao F, Jia J, Yin Z, Gao Y, Sha L, Lai Y, Ping Q, Zhang Y. Ethylene Glycol-Linked Amino Acid Diester Prodrugs of Oleanolic Acid for PepT1-Mediated Transport: Synthesis, Intestinal Permeability and Pharmacokinetics. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2127-35. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200447r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cao
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jinghao Jia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yin
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yahan Gao
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lei Sha
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yisheng Lai
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qineng Ping
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and §Center of Drug Discovery, School of Pharmacy, State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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