1
|
Xiang J, Shen X, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Yin H, Han S. MiR-223 inhibits proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis of ovarian granulosa cell via the AKT signaling pathway by targeting CRIM1 in chicken. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103910. [PMID: 38905756 PMCID: PMC11246046 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Within the poultry industry, hens' reproductive performance is of great economic significance. The development and growth of follicles is a key aspect of hen egg production, and ovarian follicle growth and development are closely associated with granulosa cells (GCs) proliferation and the synthesis of steroid hormones. It has been confirmed by numerous studies that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the steroid hormone synthesis and proliferation of GCs. In this study, we examined the main miRNAs influencing hens' ability to reproduce, identified the miR-223 that is mainly expressed in atretic follicles based on sequencing, and investigated its role in GCs. Then, we used miR-223 mimic and inhibitor to knockdown or overexpress miR-223 expression. The result showed that miR-223 significantly inhibits both the steroid hormone synthesis and the proliferation of GCs. Subsequently, the results of the dual luciferase reporter experiment and bioinformatics prediction demonstrated that cysteine rich transmembrane BMP regulator 1 (CRIM1) was a downstream target gene of miR-223, and overexpression of miR-223 prevented CRIM1 expression. The function of CRIM1 was further investigated, and we observed a significant reduction in the synthesis of steroid hormones and the proliferation of GCs after transfection with CRIM1 siRNA. The opposite function of miR-223 was observed for CRIM1 in our study. Additionally, we demonstrated the involvement of the miR-223/CRIM1 axis in GCs through modulation of the AKT signaling pathway. Our data demonstrate the pivotal role of the miR-223 in the proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis of chicken GCs, which helps to explain how non-coding RNA (ncRNA) affects chicken reproductive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shunshun Han
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jackson KD, Achour B, Lee J, Geffert RM, Beers JL, Latham BD. Novel Approaches to Characterize Individual Drug Metabolism and Advance Precision Medicine. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1238-1253. [PMID: 37419681 PMCID: PMC10506699 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interindividual variability in drug metabolism can significantly affect drug concentrations in the body and subsequent drug response. Understanding an individual's drug metabolism capacity is important for predicting drug exposure and developing precision medicine strategies. The goal of precision medicine is to individualize drug treatment for patients to maximize efficacy and minimize drug toxicity. While advances in pharmacogenomics have improved our understanding of how genetic variations in drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) affect drug response, nongenetic factors are also known to influence drug metabolism phenotypes. This minireview discusses approaches beyond pharmacogenetic testing to phenotype DMEs-particularly the cytochrome P450 enzymes-in clinical settings. Several phenotyping approaches have been proposed: traditional approaches include phenotyping with exogenous probe substrates and the use of endogenous biomarkers; newer approaches include evaluating circulating noncoding RNAs and liquid biopsy-derived markers relevant to DME expression and function. The goals of this minireview are to 1) provide a high-level overview of traditional and novel approaches to phenotype individual drug metabolism capacity, 2) describe how these approaches are being applied or can be applied to pharmacokinetic studies, and 3) discuss perspectives on future opportunities to advance precision medicine in diverse populations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This minireview provides an overview of recent advances in approaches to characterize individual drug metabolism phenotypes in clinical settings. It highlights the integration of existing pharmacokinetic biomarkers with novel approaches; also discussed are current challenges and existing knowledge gaps. The article concludes with perspectives on the future deployment of a liquid biopsy-informed physiologically based pharmacokinetic strategy for patient characterization and precision dosing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Brahim Achour
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Jonghwa Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Raeanne M Geffert
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Jessica L Beers
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| | - Bethany D Latham
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (K.D.J., J.L., R.M.G., J.L.B., B.D.L.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (B.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liver Damage and microRNAs: An Update. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 45:78-91. [PMID: 36661492 PMCID: PMC9857663 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major organs in the body with multiple functions is the liver. It plays a central role in the transformation of macronutrients and clearance of chemicals and drugs. The serum biomarkers often used to indicate liver damage are not specifically for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) or liver injury caused by other xenobiotics, nor for viral infection. In this case, microRNAs (miRNAs) could play an exciting role as biomarkers of specific liver damage. In this review, we aimed to update the current literature on liver damage induced by drugs, as acute conditions and viral infections mediated by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) linked these two conditions to advanced research, with a focus on microRNAs as early biomarkers for liver damage. The undoubtable evidence that circulating miR-122 could be used as a human biomarker of DILI came from several studies in which a strong increase of it was linked with the status of liver function. In infancy, there is the possibility of an early miRNA detection for hepatitis B virus infection, but there are a lack of solid models for studying the HVB molecular mechanism of infection in detail, even if miRNAs do hold unrealized potential as biomarkers for early detection of hepatitis B virus infection mediated by HBV.
Collapse
|
4
|
Valencia-Quintana R, Bahena-Ocampo IU, González-Castañeda G, Bonilla E, Milić M, Bonassi S, Sánchez-Alarcón J. miRNAs: A potentially valuable tool in pesticide toxicology assessment-current experimental and epidemiological data review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133792. [PMID: 35104543 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs are responsible for the regulation of many cellular processes such as development, cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor growth. Several studies showed that they can also serve as specific, stable, and sensitive markers of chemical exposure. In this review, current experimental and epidemiological data evidencing deregulation in miRNA expression in response to fungicides, insecticides or herbicides were analyzed. As shown by Venn's diagrams, miR-363 and miR-9 deregulation is associated with fungicide exposure in vitro and in vivo, while let-7, miR-155, miR-181 and miR-21 were found to be commonly deregulated by at least three different insecticides. Furthermore, let-7, miR-30, miR-126, miR-181 and miR-320 were commonly deregulated by 3 different herbicides. Notably, these 5 miRNAs were also found to be deregulated by one or more insecticides, suggesting their participation in the cellular response to pesticides, regardless of their chemical structure. All these miRNAs have been proposed as potential biomarkers for fungicide, insecticide, or herbicide exposure. These results allow us to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of toxicity upon pesticide exposure, although further studies are needed to confirm these miRNAs as definitive (not potential) biomarkers of pesticide exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Laboratorio "Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini" de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Ambiente y Genética UATLX-CA-223 Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala, 90000, Mexico.
| | | | | | - Edmundo Bonilla
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, UAM-Iztapalapa, Mexico.
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, 00166, Italy; Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, 00166, Italy.
| | - Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Laboratorio "Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini" de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Ambiente y Genética UATLX-CA-223 Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala, 90000, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The regulation of brain cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) is different compared with respective hepatic enzymes. This may result from anatomical bases and physiological functions of the two organs. The brain is composed of a variety of functional structures built of different interconnected cell types endowed with specific receptors that receive various neuronal signals from other brain regions. Those signals activate transcription factors or alter functioning of enzyme proteins. Moreover, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) does not allow free penetration of all substances from the periphery into the brain. Differences in neurotransmitter signaling, availability to endogenous and exogenous active substances, and levels of transcription factors between neuronal and hepatic cells lead to differentiated expression and susceptibility to the regulation of CYP genes in the brain and liver. Herein, we briefly describe the CYP enzymes of CYP1-3 families, their distribution in the brain, and discuss brain-specific regulation of CYP genes. In parallel, a comparison to liver CYP regulation is presented. CYP enzymes play an essential role in maintaining the levels of bioactive molecules within normal ranges. These enzymes modulate the metabolism of endogenous neurochemicals, such as neurosteroids, dopamine, serotonin, melatonin, anandamide, and exogenous substances, including psychotropics, drugs of abuse, neurotoxins, and carcinogens. The role of these enzymes is not restricted to xenobiotic-induced neurotoxicity, but they are also involved in brain physiology. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize the function and regulation of CYP enzymes in the brain to build a foundation for future medicine and neuroprotection and for personalized treatment of brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kuban
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Władysława Anna Daniel
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Indra R, Vavrová K, Pompach P, Heger Z, Hodek P. Identification of Enzymes Oxidizing the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Cabozantinib: Cabozantinib Is Predominantly Oxidized by CYP3A4 and Its Oxidation Is Stimulated by cyt b 5 Activity. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120547. [PMID: 33260548 PMCID: PMC7759869 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the in vitro metabolism of tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib, the drug used for the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid cancer and advanced renal cell carcinoma, was studied using hepatic microsomal samples of different human donors, human recombinant cytochromes P450 (CYPs), flavin-containing mono-oxygenases (FMOs) and aldehyde oxidase. After incubation with human microsomes, three metabolites, namely cabozantinib N-oxide, desmethyl cabozantinib and monohydroxy cabozantinib, were detected. Significant correlations were found between CYP3A4 activity and generation of all metabolites. The privileged role of CYP3A4 was further confirmed by examining the effect of CYP inhibitors and by human recombinant enzymes. Only four of all tested human recombinant cytochrome P450 were able to oxidize cabozantinib, and CYP3A4 exhibited the most efficient activity. Importantly, cytochrome b5 (cyt b5) stimulates the CYP3A4-catalyzed formation of cabozantinib metabolites. In addition, cyt b5 also stimulates the activity of CYP3A5, whereas two other enzymes, CYP1A1 and 1B1, were not affected by cyt b5. Since CYP3A4 exhibits high expression in the human liver and was found to be the most efficient enzyme in cabozantinib oxidation, we examined the kinetics of this oxidation. The present study provides substantial insights into the metabolism of cabozantinib and brings novel findings related to cabozantinib pharmacokinetics towards possible utilization in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.V.); (P.P.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-221-951-285
| | - Katarína Vavrová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.V.); (P.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Petr Pompach
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.V.); (P.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Zbyněk Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hodek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic; (K.V.); (P.P.); (P.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ogiso T, Fukami T, Zhongzhe C, Konishi K, Nakano M, Nakajima M. Human superoxide dismutase 1 attenuates quinoneimine metabolite formation from mefenamic acid. Toxicology 2020; 448:152648. [PMID: 33259822 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mefenamic acid (MFA), one of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sometimes causes liver injury. Quinoneimines formed by cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated oxidation of MFA are considered to be causal metabolites of the toxicity and are detoxified by glutathione conjugation. A previous study reported that NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) can reduce the quinoneimines, but NQO1 is scarcely expressed in the human liver. The purpose is to identify enzyme(s) responsible for the decrease in MFA-quinoneimine formation in the human liver. The formation of MFA-quinoneimine by recombinant CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 was significantly decreased by the addition of human liver cytosol, and the extent of the decrease in the metabolite formed by CYP1A2 was larger than that by CYP2C9. By column chromatography, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was identified from the human liver cytosol as an enzyme decreasing MFA-quinoneimine formation. Addition of recombinant SOD1 into the reaction mixture decreased the formation of MFA-quinoneimine from MFA by recombinant CYP1A2. By a structure-activity relationship study, we found that SOD1 decreased the formation of quinoneimines from flufenamic acid and tolfenamic acid, but did not affect those produced from acetaminophen, amodiaquine, diclofenac, and lapatinib. Thus, SOD1 may selectively decrease the quinoneimine formation from fenamate-class NSAIDs. To examine whether SOD1 can attenuate cytotoxicity caused by MFA, siRNA for SOD1 was transfected into CYP1A2-overexpressed HepG2 cells. The leakage of lactate dehydrogenase caused by MFA treatment was significantly increased by knockdown of SOD1. In conclusion, we found that SOD1 can serve as a detoxification enzyme for quinoneimines to protect from drug-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuo Ogiso
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Fukami
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Cheng Zhongzhe
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keigo Konishi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakano
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yoo SE, Yi M, Kim WY, Cho SA, Lee SS, Lee SJ, Shin JG. Influences of cytochrome b5 expression and its genetic variant on the activity of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 34:201-208. [PMID: 30992242 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cytochrome b5 (cytb5) on the drug metabolism catalyzed by CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. Activities of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 were determined by using the prototypical substrates tolbutamide, omeprazole and midazolam, respectively. Cytb5 protein and mRNA contents showed large inter-individual variations with 11- and 6-fold range, respectively. All of three P450s showed an increased activity in proportion to the amount of cytb5 expression. Particularly, CYP3A4 showed the strongest correlation between cytb5 protein amount and the activity, followed by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. The putative splicing variant, c.288G>A (rs7238987) was identified and was screened in 36 liver tissues by direct DNA sequencing. Liver tissues having a splicing variant exhibited unexpected sizes of cytb5 mRNA and a decreased expression tendency of cytb5 protein compared to the wild-type. A decreased activity in the metabolism of the CYP2C19 substrate omeprazole was observed in liver tissues carrying the splicing variant when compared to the wild-type Cytb5 (P < 0.05). The present results propose that different expression of cytb5 can cause variations in CYP mediated drug metabolism, which may explain, at least in part, the inter-individual difference in drug responses in addition to the CYP genetic polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Yoo
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - MyeongJin Yi
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ah Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Seop Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Role of miR-223 in the pathophysiology of liver diseases. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-12. [PMID: 30258086 PMCID: PMC6158210 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs, which can regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally, and they have emerged as key factors in disease biology by aiding in disease development and progression. MiR-223 is highly conserved during evolution and it was first described as a modulator of hematopoietic lineage differentiation. MiR-223 has an essential part in inflammation by targeting the nuclear factor-κB pathway and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. Recent studies have shown that miR-223 expression is deregulated in various types of liver diseases, including hepatitis virus infections, alcohol-induced liver injury, drug-induced liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. As inflammatory and immune factors are involved in the occurrence and progress of liver diseases, deregulated miR-223 may participate in the pathogenesis of these conditions by influencing neutrophil infiltration, macrophage polarization, and inflammasome activation. This review first summarizes the present understanding of the biological functions of miR-223, including its gene location and transcription regulation, as well as its physiological role in hematopoietic differentiation. This review then focuses on the role of miR-223 in liver pathophysiology and its potential applications as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in liver diseases. A tiny RNA molecule involved with gene regulation may offer an appealing target for diagnosing and treating various liver diseases. MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) was first identified as controlling gene activity in a wide variety of immune cells. A review from researchers led by Yanning Liu at China’s Zhejiang University in Hangzhou details how abnormal miR-223 also contributes to liver damage in a variety of conditions, although questions still remain about how it functions in different liver disorders. The authors highlight studies linking miR-223 with the development of fibrosis and cirrhosis, and with the inflammatory response to injury from drugs, alcohol, or infection. This could make this microRNA a useful diagnostic biomarker. The authors also identify therapeutic opportunities to modulate this molecule, referring to several studies on the manipulation of miR-223 to treat hepatitis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nakano M, Nakajima M. Current knowledge of microRNA-mediated regulation of drug metabolism in humans. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018; 14:493-504. [PMID: 29718737 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2018.1472237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the factors causing inter- and intra-individual differences in drug metabolism potencies is required for the practice of personalized or precision medicine, as well as for the promotion of efficient drug development. The expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is controlled by transcriptional regulation by nuclear receptors and transcriptional factors, epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, and post-translational modification. In addition to such regulation mechanisms, recent studies revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous ~22-nucleotide non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through the translational repression and degradation of mRNAs, significantly contribute to post-transcriptional regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding miRNAs-dependent regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transcriptional factors and its physiological and clinical significance. We also describe recent advances in miRNA-dependent regulation research, showing that the presence of pseudogenes, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and RNA editing affects miRNA targeting. Expert opinion: It is unwavering fact that miRNAs are critical factors causing inter- and intra-individual differences in the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Consideration of miRNA-dependent regulation would be a helpful tool for optimizing personalized and precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Nakano
- a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japan.,b Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion Science
| | - Miki Nakajima
- a Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University , Kanazawa , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
MicroRNAs as key mediators of hepatic detoxification. Toxicology 2016; 368-369:80-90. [PMID: 27501766 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Many studies have extensively revealed the significance of miRNAs in mediating liver development and diseases. However, their role in hepatic detoxification processes has been explored only recently. In this review, we summarized the up-to-date knowledge about miRNA dependent regulation of enzymes involved in all three phases of the drugs and xenobiotics detoxification process. We also discussed the role of miRNA in regulating some upstream nuclear receptors involving gene expression of enzymes for detoxification process in liver. The toxicological significance of miRNAs in liver diseases and future research perspectives are finally presented.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhattacharya S, Steele R, Shrivastava S, Chakraborty S, Di Bisceglie AM, Ray RB. Serum miR-30e and miR-223 as Novel Noninvasive Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:242-7. [PMID: 26776075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers and is the third leading cause of all cancer-related death. Limited noninvasive biomarkers are available for HCC detection. Early detection is the key in improving the survival of HCC patients. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that serum miRNAs can be used as a potential biomarker for HCC. Quantitative RT-PCR for miRNA analysis was performed using 70 serum samples. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to measure the prognostic power of the miRNAs. The miRNA expression level was also measured from liver biopsy samples. Our study revealed that two miRNAs, miR-30e and miR-223, were expressed at significantly lower levels (P < 0.003) in the sera of HCC patients compared with healthy volunteers. Furthermore, expression of these miRNAs was compared between sera from chronic liver disease and sera from HCC patients. miR-30e and miR-223 expression was significantly lower in HCC sera compared with sera from chronic liver disease patients. Both miRNA expression levels were lower in HCC liver biopsy specimens compared with normal liver RNA. Taken together, our results suggested that serum miR-30e and miR-223 are useful biomarkers of HCC, irrespective of etiology, and deserve further study for their diagnostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Sounak Chakraborty
- Department of Statistics, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Ratna B Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
miR-223 Deficiency Protects against Fas-Induced Hepatocyte Apoptosis and Liver Injury through Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 185:3141-51. [PMID: 26598234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-223 action in liver cells and liver diseases remain unclear. We therefore determined the effect and mechanism of action of miR-233 in Fas-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury. Wild-type (WT) and miR-223 knockout (KO) mice were treated i.p. with 0.5 μg/g body weight anti-Fas antibody Jo2, and the animals were monitored for survival and the extent of liver injury. Although WT mice died 4 to 6 hours after Jo2 injection (n = 6), all of the miR-223 KO mice (n = 6) survived. In comparison to WT mice, the miR-223 KO mice showed resistance to Fas-induced liver injury, as indicated by less tissue damage under histopathological examination, fewer apoptotic hepatocytes under caspase-3 immunostaining, and less elevation of serum transaminases. miR-223 KO livers showed less caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activation and less poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage compared with WT livers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, tail vein injection of miR-223 lentiviral vector to miR-223 KO mice restored Jo2-induced liver injury. Transfection of miR-223 KO hepatocytes with miR-223 mimic enhanced Jo2-induced activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, whereas transfection of WT hepatocytes with the miR-223 inhibitor attenuated Jo2-induced apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that miR-223 deficiency protects against Fas-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury. Further in vitro and in vivo data indicate that miR-223 regulates Fas-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver injury by targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tryndyak VP, Marrone AK, Latendresse JR, Muskhelishvili L, Beland FA, Pogribny IP. MicroRNA changes, activation of progenitor cells and severity of liver injury in mice induced by choline and folate deficiency. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 28:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Weldon BA, Shubin SP, Smith MN, Workman T, Artemenko A, Griffith WC, Thompson B, Faustman EM. Urinary microRNAs as potential biomarkers of pesticide exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 312:19-25. [PMID: 26826490 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators that silence messenger RNAs. Because miRNAs are stable at room temperature and long-lived, they have been proposed as molecular biomarkers to monitor disease and exposure status. While urinary miRNAs have been used clinically as potential diagnostic markers for kidney and bladder cancers and other diseases, their utility in non-clinical settings has yet to be fully developed. Our goal was to investigate the potential for urinary miRNAs to act as biomarkers of pesticide exposure and early biological response by identifying the miRNAs present in urine from 27 parent/child, farmworker/non-farmworker pairs (16FW/11NFW) collected during two agricultural seasons (thinning and post-harvest) and characterizing the between- and within-individual variability of these miRNA epigenetic regulators. MiRNAs were isolated from archived urine samples and identified using PCR arrays. Comparisons were made between age, households, season, and occupation. Of 384 miRNAs investigated, 297 (77%) were detectable in at least one sample. Seven miRNAs were detected in at least 50% of the samples, and one miRNA was present in 96% of the samples. Principal components and hierarchical clustering analyses indicate significant differences in miRNA profiles between farmworker and non-farmworker adults as well as between seasons. Six miRNAs were observed to be positively associated with farmworkers status during the post-harvest season. Expression of five of these miRNA trended towards a positive dose response relationship with organophosphate pesticide metabolites in farmworkers. These results suggest that miRNAs may be novel biomarkers of pesticide exposure and early biological response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Weldon
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sara Pacheco Shubin
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marissa N Smith
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tomomi Workman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alexander Artemenko
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William C Griffith
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Beti Thompson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Elaine M Faustman
- Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Burkhardt T, Letzel T, Drewes JE, Grassmann J. Comprehensive assessment of Cytochrome P450 reactions: A multiplex approach using real-time ESI-MS. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:2573-81. [PMID: 26409144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detailed analysis of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) catalyzed reactions is of great interest, since those are of importance for biotechnical applications, drug interaction studies and environmental research. Often cocktail approaches are carried out in order to monitor several CYP activities in a single experiment. Commonly in these approaches product formation is detected and IC50 values are determined. METHODS In the present work, the reactions of two different CYP isoforms were monitored using real-time electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Multiplex experiments using the highly specific CYP2A6 with its corresponding substrate coumarin as well as the highly promiscuous CYP3A4 with testosterone were conducted. Product formation and substrate depletion were simultaneously monitored and compared to the single CYP experiments. The diffusion-controlled rate of reaction and conversion rates that are used as parameters to assess the enzymatic activity were calculated for all measurements conducted. RESULTS Differences in conversion rates and the theoretical rate of reaction that were observed for single CYP and multiplex experiments, respectively, reveal the complexity of the underlying mechanisms. Findings of this study imply that there might be distinct deviations between product formation and substrate degradation when mixtures are used. CONCLUSIONS Detailed results indicate that for a comprehensive assessment of these enzymatic reactions both product and substrate should be considered. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The direct hyphenation of enzymatic reactions to mass spectrometry allows for a comprehensive assessment of enzymatic behavior. Due to the benefits of this technique, the entire system which includes substrate, product and intermediates can be investigated. Thus, besides IC50 values further information regarding the enzymatic behavior offers the opportunity for a more detailed insight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Burkhardt
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Jörg E Drewes
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Johanna Grassmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shi Y, Liu Y, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Shen L, He L, Xing Q, Qin S. Hsa-miR-27a is involved in the regulation of CYP3A4 expression in human livers from Chinese Han population. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:1379-86. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The huge interindividual difference of CYP3A4 expression may contribute to the variability of drug response. Post-transcriptional regulation of CYP3A4 remains elusive although transcriptional regulation has been studied much more clearly. microRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to be one of factors to regulate the expression of CYP3A4 previously. Materials & methods: Based on the in silico prediction of 3′-UTR-bindind site of microRNA-27a (miR-27a), the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of miR-27a were investigated through luciferase reporter assay, real-time PCR and immunoblot. Results: The significantly decrease of CYP3A4 3′-UTR-luciferase activity in human embryonic kidney 293 and Hep3B cells was detected after transfected with plasmid that expressed miRNA-27a in luciferase reporter assay. Correlation study was conducted in human livers (n = 26) and significant correlation has been discovered between miRNA-27a and CYP3A4 mRNA and protein level. Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that miR-27a might be involved in the regulation of CYP3A4 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Shi
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Zhiyun Wei
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Songshan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuyu Xiong
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Lu Shen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Qinghe Xing
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Shengying Qin
- Shanghai Genome Pilot Institutes for Genomics & Human Health, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang H, Gao N, Liu T, Fang Y, Qi B, Wen Q, Zhou J, Jia L, Qiao H. Effect of Cytochrome b5 Content on the Activity of Polymorphic CYP1A2, 2B6, and 2E1 in Human Liver Microsomes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128547. [PMID: 26046844 PMCID: PMC4457846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytochrome b5 (Cyt b5) plays important roles in cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug metabolism. However, the expression level of Cyt b5 in normal human liver remains largely unknown. The effect of Cyt b5 on overall CYP activity in human liver microsomes (HLM) has rarely been reported and the relationship between Cyt b5 and the activity of polymorphic CYP has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we found that the median value of Cyt b5 protein was 270.01 pmol/mg from 123 HLM samples, and 12- and 19-fold individual variation was observed in Cyt b5 mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Gender and smoking clearly influenced Cyt b5 content. In addition, we found that Cyt b5 protein levels significantly correlated with the overall activity of CYP1A2, 2B6, and 2E1 in HLM. However, when the CYP activities were sorted by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), the effect of Cyt b5 protein on the kinetic parameters varied greatly. There were significant correlations between Cyt b5 content and Vmax and CLint of CYP1A2 wild-types (3860GG, 2159GG, and 5347CC) as well as homozygous mutants (163AA and 3113GG). In contrast to Vmax and CLint, the Km of CYP2B6 516GG and 785AA genotypes was inversely associated with Cyt b5 content. Correlations between Cyt b5 content and Vmax and CLint of CYP2E1 -1293GG, -1293GC, 7632TT, 7632TA, -333TT, and -352AA genotypes were also observed. In conclusion, Cyt b5 expression levels varied considerably in the Chinese cohort from this study. Cyt b5 had significant impact on the overall activity of CYP1A2, 2B6, and 2E1 in HLM and the effects of Cyt b5 protein on polymorphic CYP1A2, 2B6, and 2E1 activity were SNP-dependent. These findings suggest that Cyt b5 plays an important role in CYP-mediated activities in HLM and may possibly be a contributing factor for the individual variation observed in CYP enzyme activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Qi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linjing Jia
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hailing Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
He Y, Chevillet JR, Liu G, Kim TK, Wang K. The effects of microRNA on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:2733-47. [PMID: 25296724 PMCID: PMC4439871 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of genetic factors (e.g. sequence variation) in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and overall efficacy of therapeutic agents is well established. Our ability to identify, interpret and utilize these factors is the subject of much clinical investigation and therapeutic development. However, drug ADME and efficacy are also heavily influenced by epigenetic factors such as DNA/histone methylation and non-coding RNAs [especially microRNAs (miRNAs)]. Results from studies using tools, such as in silico miRNA target prediction, in vitro functional assays, nucleic acid profiling/sequencing and high-throughput proteomics, are rapidly expanding our knowledge of these factors and their effects on drug metabolism. Although these studies reveal a complex regulation of drug ADME, an increased understanding of the molecular interplay between the genome, epigenome and transcriptome has the potential to provide practically useful strategies to facilitate drug development, optimize therapeutic efficacy, circumvent adverse effects, yield novel diagnostics and ultimately become an integral component of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan, Guangdong, China
| | | | - G Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State UniversityFargo, ND, USA
| | - T K Kim
- Institute for Systems BiologySeattle, WA, USA
| | - K Wang
- Institute for Systems BiologySeattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Barrett KG, Fang H, Cukovic D, Dombkowski AA, Kocarek TA, Runge-Morris M. Upregulation of UGT2B4 Expression by 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-Phosphosulfate Synthase Knockdown: Implications for Coordinated Control of Bile Acid Conjugation. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1061-70. [PMID: 25948711 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.061440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During cholestasis, the bile acid-conjugating enzymes, SULT2A1 and UGT2B4, work in concert to prevent the accumulation of toxic bile acids. To understand the impact of sulfotransferase deficiency on human hepatic gene expression, we knocked down 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate synthases (PAPSS) 1 and 2, which catalyze synthesis of the obligate sulfotransferase cofactor, in HepG2 cells. PAPSS knockdown caused no change in SULT2A1 expression; however, UGT2B4 expression increased markedly (∼41-fold increase in UGT2B4 mRNA content). Knockdown of SULT2A1 in HepG2 cells also increased UGT2B4 expression. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we transfected PAPSS-deficient HepG2 cells with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing ∼2 Kb of the UGT2B4 5'-flanking region, which included a response element for the bile acid-sensing nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR). FXR activation or overexpression increased UGT2B4 promoter activity; however, knocking down FXR or mutating or deleting the FXR response element did not significantly decrease UGT2B4 promoter activity. Further evaluation of the UGT2B4 5'-flanking region indicated the presence of distal regulatory elements between nucleotides -10090 and -10037 that negatively and positively regulated UGT2B4 transcription. Pulse-chase analysis showed that increased UGT2B4 expression in PAPSS-deficient cells was attributable to both increased mRNA synthesis and stability. Transfection analysis demonstrated that the UGT2B4 3'-untranslated region decreased luciferase reporter expression less in PAPSS-deficient cells than in control cells. These data indicate that knocking down PAPSS increases UGT2B4 transcription and mRNA stability as a compensatory response to the loss of SULT2A1 activity, presumably to maintain bile acid-conjugating activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen G Barrett
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| | - Hailin Fang
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| | - Daniela Cukovic
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| | - Alan A Dombkowski
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| | - Thomas A Kocarek
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| | - Melissa Runge-Morris
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (K.G.B., H.F., T.A.K., M.R.-M.); and Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (D.C., A.A.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shahabi P, Dubé MP. Cardiovascular pharmacogenomics; state of current knowledge and implementation in practice. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:772-795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
22
|
Balansky R, Izzotti A, D'Agostini F, Longobardi M, Micale RT, La Maestra S, Camoirano A, Ganchev G, Iltcheva M, Steele VE, De Flora S. Assay of lapatinib in murine models of cigarette smoke carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2300-7. [PMID: 25053627 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), is prescribed for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer overexpressing HER-2. Involvement of this drug in pulmonary carcinogenesis has been poorly investigated. We used murine models suitable to evaluate cigarette smoke-related molecular and histopathological alterations. A total of 481 Swiss H mice were used. The mice were exposed to mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) during the first four months of life. After 10 weeks, MCS caused an elevation of bulky DNA adducts, oxidative DNA damage and an extensive downregulation of microRNAs in lung. After four months, an increase in micronucleus frequency was observed in peripheral blood erythrocytes. After 7.5 months, histopathological alterations were detected in the lung, also including benign tumors and malignant tumors, and in the urinary tract. A subchronic toxicity study assessed the non-toxic doses of lapatinib, administered daily with the diet after weaning. After 10 weeks, lapatinib significantly attenuated the MCS-related nucleotide changes and upregulated several low-intensity microRNAs in lung. The drug poorly affected the MCS systemic genotoxicity and had modest protective effects on MCS-induced preneoplastic lesions in lung and kidney, when administered under conditions that temporarily mimicked interventions either in current smokers or ex-smokers. On the other hand, it caused some toxicity to the liver. Thus, on the whole, lapatinib appears to have a low impact in the smoke-related lung carcinogenesis models used, especially in terms of tumorigenic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roumen Balansky
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy, National Center of Oncology, Sofia-1756, Bulgaria
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy, IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST, 16132 Genoa, Italy and
| | - Francesco D'Agostini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Longobardi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosanna T Micale
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano La Maestra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Camoirano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Vernon E Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Silvio De Flora
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy,
| |
Collapse
|