1
|
Gandhi A, Oelmüller R. Emerging Roles of Receptor-like Protein Kinases in Plant Response to Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14762. [PMID: 37834209 PMCID: PMC10573068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The productivity of plants is hindered by unfavorable conditions. To perceive stress signals and to transduce these signals to intracellular responses, plants rely on membrane-bound receptor-like kinases (RLKs). These play a pivotal role in signaling events governing growth, reproduction, hormone perception, and defense responses against biotic stresses; however, their involvement in abiotic stress responses is poorly documented. Plant RLKs harbor an N-terminal extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal intracellular kinase domain. The ectodomains of these RLKs are quite diverse, aiding their responses to various stimuli. We summarize here the sub-classes of RLKs based on their domain structure and discuss the available information on their specific role in abiotic stress adaptation. Furthermore, the current state of knowledge on RLKs and their significance in abiotic stress responses is highlighted in this review, shedding light on their role in influencing plant-environment interactions and opening up possibilities for novel approaches to engineer stress-tolerant crop varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Department of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kesawat MS, Kherawat BS, Katara JL, Parameswaran C, Misra N, Kumar M, Chung SM, Alamri S, Siddiqui MH. Genome-Wide Analysis of Proline-Rich Extensin-Like Receptor Kinases (PERKs) Gene Family Reveals Their Roles in Plant Development and Stress Conditions in Oryza sativa L. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023:111749. [PMID: 37244501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) play a crucial role in a wide range of biological processes in plants. In model plants like Arabidopsis, the PERK gene family has been well investigated. Conversely, no information available on the PERK gene family and their biological functions largely remained unknown in rice. This study analyzed the basic physicochemical properties, phylogeny, gene structure, cis-acting elements, Gene ontology (GO) annotation and protein-protein interaction of OsPERK gene family members using various bioinformatics tools based on the whole-genome data of O. sativa. Thus, in this work, 8 PERK genes in rice were identified, and their roles in plant development, growth, and response to various stresses were studied. A phylogenetic study revealed that OsPERKs are grouped into seven classes. Chromosomal mapping also displayed that 8 PERK genes were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. Further, the prediction of subcellular localization indicated that OsPERKs were mainly located at the endomembrane system. Gene structure analysis of OsPERKs has shown a distinctive evolutionary path. In addition, synteny analysis exhibited the 40 orthologous gene pairs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare and Medicago truncatula. Furthermore, Ka to Ks proportion shows that most OsPERK genes experienced resilient purifying selection during evolutionary processes. The OsPERK promoters contained several cis-acting regulatory, which are crucial for plant development processes, phytohormone signaling, stress, and defense response. Moreover, the expression pattern of OsPERK family members showed differential expression patterns in different tissues and various stress conditions. Taken together, these results provide clear messages for a better understanding the roles of OsPERK genes in various development stages, tissues, and multifactorial stress as well as enriched the related research of OsPERK family members in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India.
| | - Bhagwat Singh Kherawat
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bikaner II, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner 334603, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Jawahar Lal Katara
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006 Odisha, India.
| | | | - Namrata Misra
- KIIT-Technology Business Incubator (KIIT-TBI), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology 13 (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar-751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Dong-gu-10326, Ilsan, Republic of South Korea.
| | - Sang-Min Chung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Dong-gu-10326, Ilsan, Republic of South Korea.
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Invernizzi M, Hanemian M, Keller J, Libourel C, Roby D. PERKing up our understanding of the proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases, a forgotten plant receptor kinase family. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:875-884. [PMID: 35451507 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) are an important class of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) containing an extracellular proline-rich domain. While they are thought to be putative sensors of the cell wall integrity, there are very few reports on their biological functions in the plant, as compared with other RLKs. Several studies support a role for PERKs in plant growth and development, but their effect on the cell wall composition to regulate cell expansion is still lacking. Gene expression data suggest that they may intervene in response to environmental changes, in agreement with their subcellular localization. And there is growing evidence for PERKs as novel sensors of environmental stresses such as insects and viruses. However, little is known about their precise role in plant immunity and in the extracellular network of RLKs, as no PERK-interacting RLK or any coreceptor has been identified as yet. Similarly, their signaling activities and downstream signaling components are just beginning to be deciphered, including Ca2+ fluxes, reactive oxygen species accumulation and phosphorylation events. Here we outline emerging roles for PERKs as novel sensors of environmental stresses, and we discuss how to better understand this overlooked class of receptor kinases via several avenues of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Invernizzi
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mathieu Hanemian
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jean Keller
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Cyril Libourel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), CNRS, UPS, INP Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Dominique Roby
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Insight into the Roles of Proline-Rich Extensin-like Receptor Protein Kinases of Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12070941. [PMID: 35888032 PMCID: PMC9323123 DOI: 10.3390/life12070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor protein kinases (PERKs) are known for their roles in the developmental processes and stress responses of many plants. We have identified 30 TaPERK genes in the genome of T. aestivum, exploring their evolutionary and syntenic relationship and analyzing their gene and protein structures, various cis-regulatory elements, expression profiling, and interacting miRNAs. The TaPERK genes formed 12 homeologous groups and clustered into four phylogenetic clades. All the proteins exhibited a typical domain organization of PERK and consisted of conserved proline residue repeats and serine-proline and proline-serine repeats. Further, the tyrosine-x-tyrosine (YXY) motif was also found conserved in thirteen TaPERKs. The cis-regulatory elements and expression profiling under tissue developmental stages suggested their role in plant growth processes. Further, the differential expression of certain TaPERK genes under biotic and abiotic stress conditions suggested their involvement in defense responses as well. The interaction of TaPERK genes with different miRNAs further strengthened evidence for their diverse biological roles. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of obtained TaPERK genes was performed, enriching our knowledge of TaPERK genes and providing a foundation for further possible functional analyses in future studies.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kesawat MS, Kherawat BS, Singh A, Dey P, Routray S, Mohapatra C, Saha D, Ram C, Siddique KHM, Kumar A, Gupta R, Chung SM, Kumar M. Genome-Wide Analysis and Characterization of the Proline-Rich Extensin-like Receptor Kinases (PERKs) Gene Family Reveals Their Role in Different Developmental Stages and Stress Conditions in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040496. [PMID: 35214830 PMCID: PMC8880425 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) are a class of receptor kinases implicated in multiple cellular processes in plants. However, there is a lack of information on the PERK gene family in wheat. Therefore, we identified 37 PERK genes in wheat to understand their role in various developmental processes and stress conditions. Phylogenetic analysis of PERK genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Glycine max, and T. aestivum grouped them into eight well-defined classes. Furthermore, synteny analysis revealed 275 orthologous gene pairs in B. distachyon, Ae. tauschii, T. dicoccoides, O. sativa and A. thaliana. Ka/Ks values showed that most TaPERK genes, except TaPERK1, TaPERK2, TaPERK17, and TaPERK26, underwent strong purifying selection during evolutionary processes. Several cis-acting regulatory elements, essential for plant growth and development and the response to light, phytohormones, and diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, were predicted in the promoter regions of TaPERK genes. In addition, the expression profile of the TaPERK gene family revealed differential expression of TaPERK genes in various tissues and developmental stages. Furthermore, TaPERK gene expression was induced by various biotic and abiotic stresses. The RT-qPCR analysis also revealed similar results with slight variation. Therefore, this study's outcome provides valuable information for elucidating the precise functions of TaPERK in developmental processes and diverse stress conditions in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India; (M.S.K.); (A.S.); (P.D.)
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bhagwat Singh Kherawat
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bikaner II, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner 334603, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Anupama Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India; (M.S.K.); (A.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Prajjal Dey
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India; (M.S.K.); (A.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Snehasish Routray
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India; (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Chinmayee Mohapatra
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, Odisha, India; (S.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Debanjana Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneshwar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Chet Ram
- ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner 334006, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Postharvest Science, Rishon Lezzion 50250, Israel;
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea;
| | - Sang-Min Chung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Dong-gu, Ilsan, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Dong-gu, Ilsan, Seoul 10326, Korea;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Borassi C, Sede AR, Mecchia MA, Mangano S, Marzol E, Denita-Juarez SP, Salgado Salter JD, Velasquez SM, Muschietti JP, Estevez JM. Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases PERK5 and PERK12 are involved in pollen tube growth. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2593-2607. [PMID: 34427925 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) superfamily known to be involved in many plant developmental processes. Here, we characterized two pollen-expressed PERKs from Arabidopsis thaliana, PERK5 and PERK12. Pollen tube growth was impaired in single and double perk5-1 perk12-1 loss of function mutants, with an impact on seed production. When the segregation was analysed, a male gametophytic defect was found, indicating that perk5-1 and perk12-1 mutants carry deficient pollen transmission. Furthermore, perk5-1 perk12-1 displayed an excessive accumulation of pectins and cellulose at the cell wall of the pollen tubes. Our results indicate that PERK5 and PERK12 are necessary for proper pollen tube growth, highlighting their role in cell wall assembly and reactive oxygen species homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana R Sede
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín A Mecchia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina P Denita-Juarez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello and ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of extensin genes in tomato. Genomics 2020; 112:4348-4360. [PMID: 32712296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensins (EXTs) are major protein components in plant cell walls that play crucial roles in higher plants. The function of EXTs has been reported in several plants but is limited in tomato, especially in fruit ripening. In this study, we identified 83 EXTs in tomato, and divided them into seven groups. The gene intron-exon structure and protein-motif composition of SlEXTs were similar within each group but different among groups. SlEXT genes showed different expression patterns in roots, leaves, flowers and fruits, and some SlEXT gene expressions in flowers could be regulated by treatments of auxin, gibberellic acid and jasmonic acid. In particular, SlSEXT8 had higher and increased expression during tomato fruit ripening, and its expression could be induced by ethylene, suggesting SlSEXT8 may be involved in tomato fruit softening. The result provides insights into the function of EXTs, and will facilitate to further study EXT roles in tomato fruit ripening.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen G, Wang J, Wang H, Wang C, Tang X, Li J, Zhang L, Song J, Hou J, Yuan L. Genome-wide analysis of proline-rich extension-like receptor protein kinase (PERK) in Brassica rapa and its association with the pollen development. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:401. [PMID: 32539701 PMCID: PMC7296749 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proline-rich extension-like receptor protein kinases (PERKs) are an important class of receptor kinases located in the plasma membrane, most of which play a vital role in pollen development. RESULTS Our study identified 25 putative PERK genes from the whole Brassica rapa genome (AA). Phylogenetic analysis of PERK protein sequences from 16 Brassicaceae species divided them into four subfamilies. The biophysical properties of the BrPERKs were investigated. Gene duplication and synteny analyses and the calculation of Ka/Ks values suggested that all 80 orthologous/paralogous gene pairs between B. rapa and A. thaliana, B. nigra and B. oleracea have experienced strong purifying selection. RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR analyses showed that several BrPERK genes were expressed in different tissues, while some BrPERKs exhibited high expression levels only in buds. Furthermore, comparative transcriptome analyses from six male-sterile lines of B. rapa indicated that 7 BrPERK genes were downregulated in all six male-sterile lines. Meanwhile, the interaction networks of the BrPERK genes were constructed and 13 PERK coexpressed genes were identified, most of which were downregulated in the male sterile buds. CONCLUSION Combined with interaction networks, coexpression and qRT-PCR analyses, these results demonstrated that two BrPERK genes, Bra001723.1 and Bra037558.1 (the orthologs of AtPERK6 (AT3G18810)), were downregulated beginning in the meiosis II period of male sterile lines and involved in anther development. Overall, this comprehensive analysis of some BrPERK genes elucidated their roles in male sterility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohu Chen
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Hefei, 230036, China. .,Wanjiang Vegetable Industrial Technology Institute, Maanshan, 238200, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chenggang Wang
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Hefei, 230036, China. .,Wanjiang Vegetable Industrial Technology Institute, Maanshan, 238200, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jie Li
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jianghua Song
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jinfeng Hou
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lingyun Yuan
- Vegetable Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hwang Y, Lee H, Lee YS, Cho HT. Cell wall-associated ROOT HAIR SPECIFIC 10, a proline-rich receptor-like kinase, is a negative modulator of Arabidopsis root hair growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2007-22. [PMID: 26884603 PMCID: PMC4783376 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell growth is restricted by the cell wall, and cell wall dynamics act as signals for the cytoplasmic and nuclear events of cell growth. Among various receptor kinases, ROOT HAIR SPECIFIC 10 (RHS10) belongs to a poorly known receptor kinase subfamily with a proline-rich extracellular domain. Here, we report that RHS10 defines the root hair length of Arabidopsis thaliana by negatively regulating hair growth. RHS10 modulates the duration of root hair growth rather than the growth rate. As poplar and rice RHS10 orthologs also showed a root hair-inhibitory function, this receptor kinase-mediated function appears to be conserved in angiosperms. RHS10 showed a strong association with the cell wall, most probably through its extracellular proline-rich domain (ECD). Deletion analysis of the ECD demonstrated that a minimal extracellular part, which includes a few proline residues, is required for RHS10-mediated root hair inhibition. RHS10 suppressed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the root, which are necessary for root hair growth. A yeast two-hybrid screening identified an RNase (RNS2) as a putative downstream target of RHS10. Accordingly, RHS10 overexpression decreased and RHS10 loss increased RNA levels in the hair-growing root region. Our results suggest that RHS10 mediates cell wall-associated signals to maintain proper root hair length, at least in part by regulating RNA catabolism and ROS accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youra Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hyodong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Young-Sook Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hyung-Taeg Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Borassi C, Sede AR, Mecchia MA, Salgado Salter JD, Marzol E, Muschietti JP, Estevez JM. An update on cell surface proteins containing extensin-motifs. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:477-87. [PMID: 26475923 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years it has become clear that there are several molecular links that interconnect the plant cell surface continuum, which is highly important in many biological processes such as plant growth, development, and interaction with the environment. The plant cell surface continuum can be defined as the space that contains and interlinks the cell wall, plasma membrane and cytoskeleton compartments. In this review, we provide an updated view of cell surface proteins that include modular domains with an extensin (EXT)-motif followed by a cytoplasmic kinase-like domain, known as PERKs (for proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases); with an EXT-motif and an actin binding domain, known as formins; and with extracellular hybrid-EXTs. We focus our attention on the EXT-motifs with the short sequence Ser-Pro(3-5), which is found in several different protein contexts within the same extracellular space, highlighting a putative conserved structural and functional role. A closer understanding of the dynamic regulation of plant cell surface continuum and its relationship with the downstream signalling cascade is a crucial forthcoming challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Ana R Sede
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Martin A Mecchia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jose M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Humphrey TV, Haasen KE, Aldea-Brydges MG, Sun H, Zayed Y, Indriolo E, Goring DR. PERK-KIPK-KCBP signalling negatively regulates root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:71-83. [PMID: 25262228 PMCID: PMC4265151 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis proline-rich, extensin-like receptor-like kinases (PERKs) are a small group of receptor-like kinases that are thought to act as sensors at the cell wall through their predicted proline-rich extracellular domains. In this study, we focused on the characterization of a subclade of three Arabidopsis predicted PERK genes, PERK8, -9, and -10, for which no functions were known. Yeast two-hybrid interaction studies were conducted with the PERK8,- 9, and -10 cytosolic kinase domains, and two members of the Arabidopsis AGC VIII kinase family were identified as interacting proteins: AGC1-9 and the closely related kinesin-like calmodulin-binding protein (KCBP)-interacting protein kinase (KIPK). As KIPK has been identified previously as an interactor of KCBP, these interactions were also examined further and confirmed in this study. Finally, T-DNA mutants for each gene were screened for altered phenotypes under different conditions, and from these screens, a role for the PERK, KIPK, and KCBP genes in negatively regulating root growth was uncovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania V Humphrey
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Katrina E Haasen
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| | | | - He Sun
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Yara Zayed
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Emily Indriolo
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Daphne R Goring
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada M5S 3B2
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lan P, Li W, Schmidt W. Genome-wide co-expression analysis predicts protein kinases as important regulators of phosphate deficiency-induced root hair remodeling in Arabidopsis. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:210. [PMID: 23547783 PMCID: PMC3636113 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential but often limiting elements for plants. Based on transcriptional profiling we reported previously that more than 3,000 genes are differentially expressed between phosphate (Pi)-deficient and Pi-sufficient Arabidopsis roots (MCP 11(11):1156-1166, 2012). The current study extends these findings by focusing on the analysis of genes that encode protein kinases (PK) and phosphatases (PP) by mining PK and PP genes that were differentially expressed in response to Pi deficiency. RESULTS Subsets of 1,118 and 205 annotated PK and PP genes were mined on the basis of the TAIR10 release of the Arabidopsis genome. Analysis of RNA-seq data showed that 92 PK and 19 PP genes were not detected in roots (zero reads in three biological repeats); 96 PK and 10 PP showed low abundance (≤ 10 reads). Gene ontology analysis revealed that the 188 PK genes with no or low expression level in Arabidopsis roots are mainly involved in pollen recognition, pollen tube growth or other processes not relevant for root hair formation. More than 50% of the cysteine-rich RLK (receptor-like protein kinase) subfamily genes belong to this group. Among the 29 PP genes with no or low expression level, purple acid phosphatases, haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolases, and PP2C genes with functions in the dephosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain and mRNA capping were enriched. Subsets of 173 PK and 35 PP genes were differentially expressed under Pi-deficient conditions. Putative functional modules (clusters) of these PK and PP genes were constructed based on co-expression analysis using the MACCU toolbox. A co-expression network comprising 65 known or annotated PK and PP genes (60 PK and 5 PP genes, respectively) was subdivided into several highly co-expressed gene sub-clusters. The largest sub-cluster was composed of 22 genes, most of which have been assigned to the RLK superfamily and were associated with cell wall metabolism, pollen tube and/or root hair development and growth. CONCLUSIONS We here provide comprehensive 'digital' transcriptional information on PK and PP genes in Arabidopsis roots. The co-expression network derived from our data mining approach sets the stage for follow-up experimentation that helps to complete our understanding of the post-translational regulation of Pi deficiency-induced changes in root hair morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee SA, Yoon EK, Heo JO, Lee MH, Hwang I, Cheong H, Lee WS, Hwang YS, Lim J. Analysis of Arabidopsis glucose insensitive growth mutants reveals the involvement of the plastidial copper transporter PAA1 in glucose-induced intracellular signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 159:1001-12. [PMID: 22582133 PMCID: PMC3387689 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.191726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sugars play important roles in many aspects of plant growth and development, acting as both energy sources and signaling molecules. With the successful use of genetic approaches, the molecular components involved in sugar signaling have been identified and their regulatory roles in the pathways have been elucidated. Here, we describe novel mutants of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), named glucose insensitive growth (gig), identified by their insensitivity to high-glucose (Glc)-induced growth inhibition. The gig mutant displayed retarded growth under normal growth conditions and also showed alterations in the expression of Glc-responsive genes under high-Glc conditions. Our molecular identification reveals that GIG encodes the plastidial copper (Cu) transporter PAA1 (for P(1B)-type ATPase 1). Interestingly, double mutant analysis indicated that in high Glc, gig is epistatic to both hexokinase1 (hxk1) and aba insensitive4 (abi4), major regulators in sugar and retrograde signaling. Under high-Glc conditions, the addition of Cu had no effect on the recovery of gig/paa1 to the wild type, whereas exogenous Cu feeding could suppress its phenotype under normal growth conditions. The expression of GIG/PAA1 was also altered by mutations in the nuclear factors HXK1, ABI3, and ABI4 in high Glc. Furthermore, a transient expression assay revealed the interaction between ABI4 and the GIG/PAA1 promoter, suggesting that ABI4 actively regulates the transcription of GIG/PAA1, likely binding to the CCAC/ACGT core element of the GIG/PAA1 promoter. Our findings indicate that the plastidial Cu transporter PAA1, which is essential for plastid function and/or activity, plays an important role in bidirectional communication between the plastid and the nucleus in high Glc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Lim
- Corresponding author; e-mail
| |
Collapse
|