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Woudenberg S, Hadid F, Weijers D, Borassi C. The maternal embrace: the protection of plant embryos. J Exp Bot 2024:erae071. [PMID: 38400751 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
All land plants - the embryophytes - produce multicellular embryos, as other multicellular organisms, such as brown algae and animals. A unique characteristic of plant embryos is their immobile and confined nature. Their embedding in maternal tissues may offer protection from the environment, but also physically constrains development. Across the different land plants, a huge discrepancy is present between their reproductive structures whilst leading to similarly complex embryos. Therefore, we review the roles that maternal tissues play in the control of embryogenesis across land plants. These nurturing, constraining, and protective roles include both direct and indirect effects. In this review, we explore how the maternal surroundings affect embryogenesis and which chemical and mechanical barriers are in place. We regard these questions through the lens of evolution, and identify key questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd Woudenberg
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Feras Hadid
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, the Netherlands
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2
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Rodríguez-García DR, Rondón Guerrero YDC, Ferrero L, Rossi AH, Miglietta EA, Aptekmann AA, Marzol E, Martínez Pacheco J, Carignani M, Berdion Gabarain V, Lopez LE, Díaz Dominguez G, Borassi C, Sánchez-Serrano JJ, Xu L, Nadra AD, Rojo E, Ariel F, Estevez JM. Transcription factor NAC1 activates expression of peptidase-encoding AtCEPs in roots to limit root hair growth. Plant Physiol 2023; 194:81-93. [PMID: 37801618 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant genomes encode a unique group of papain-type Cysteine EndoPeptidases (CysEPs) containing a KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (KDEL-CysEPs or CEPs). CEPs process the cell-wall scaffolding EXTENSIN (EXT) proteins that regulate de novo cell-wall formation and cell expansion. Since CEPs cleave EXTs and EXT-related proteins, acting as cell-wall-weakening agents, they may play a role in cell elongation. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome encodes 3 CEPs (AtCPE1-AtCEP3). Here, we report that the genes encoding these 3 Arabidopsis CEPs are highly expressed in root-hair (RH) cell files. Single mutants have no evident abnormal RH phenotype, but atcep1-3 atcep3-2 and atcep1-3 atcep2-2 double mutants have longer RHs than wild-type (Wt) plants, suggesting that expression of AtCEPs in root trichoblasts restrains polar elongation of the RH. We provide evidence that the transcription factor NAC1 (petunia NAM and Arabidopsis ATAF1, ATAF2, and CUC2) activates AtCEPs expression in roots to limit RH growth. Chromatin immunoprecipitation indicates that NAC1 binds to the promoter of AtCEP1, AtCEP2, and, to a lower extent, AtCEP3 and may directly regulate their expression. Inducible NAC1 overexpression increases AtCEP1 and AtCEP2 transcript levels in roots and leads to reduced RH growth while the loss of function nac1-2 mutation reduces AtCEP1-AtCEP3 gene expression and enhances RH growth. Likewise, expression of a dominant chimeric NAC1-SRDX repressor construct leads to increased RH length. Finally, we show that RH cell walls in the atcep1-3 atcep3-2 double mutant have reduced levels of EXT deposition, suggesting that the defects in RH elongation are linked to alterations in EXT processing and accumulation. Our results support the involvement of AtCEPs in controlling RH polar growth through EXT processing and insolubilization at the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Rodríguez-García
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | | | - Lucía Ferrero
- CONICET, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrés Hugo Rossi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Esteban A Miglietta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Ariel A Aptekmann
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Javier Martínez Pacheco
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Mariana Carignani
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Victoria Berdion Gabarain
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Leonel E Lopez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Díaz Dominguez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - José Juan Sánchez-Serrano
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lin Xu
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Alejandro D Nadra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Enrique Rojo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Ariel
- CONICET, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, 8370146 Santiago, Chile
- ANID-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), 7500000 Santiago, Chile
- ANID-Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), 8331150 Santiago, Chile
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3
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Harnvanichvech Y, Borassi C, Daghma DES, van der Kooij HM, Sprakel J, Weijers D. An elastic proteinaceous envelope encapsulates the early Arabidopsis embryo. Development 2023; 150:dev201943. [PMID: 37869985 PMCID: PMC10651100 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant external surfaces are often covered by barriers that control the exchange of molecules, protect from pathogens and offer mechanical integrity. A key question is when and how such surface barriers are generated. Post-embryonic surfaces have well-studied barriers, including the cuticle, and it has been previously shown that the late Arabidopsis thaliana embryo is protected by an endosperm-derived sheath deposited onto a primordial cuticle. Here, we show that both cuticle and sheath are preceded by another structure during the earliest stages of embryogenesis. This structure, which we named the embryonic envelope, is tightly wrapped around the embryonic surface but can be physically detached by cell wall digestion. We show that this structure is composed primarily of extensin and arabinogalactan O-glycoproteins and lipids, which appear to form a dense and elastic crosslinked embryonic envelope. The envelope forms in cuticle-deficient mutants and in a mutant that lacks endosperm. This embryo-derived envelope is therefore distinct from previously described cuticle and sheath structures. We propose that it acts as an expandable diffusion barrier, as well as a means to mechanically confine the embryo to maintain its tensegrity during early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosapol Harnvanichvech
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Diaa Eldin S. Daghma
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Hanne M. van der Kooij
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Sprakel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
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4
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Marzol E, Borassi C, Carignani Sardoy M, Ranocha P, Aptekmann AA, Bringas M, Pennington J, Paez-Valencia J, Martínez Pacheco J, Rodríguez-Garcia DR, Rondón Guerrero YDC, Peralta JM, Fleming M, Mishler-Elmore JW, Mangano S, Blanco-Herrera F, Bedinger PA, Dunand C, Capece L, Nadra AD, Held M, Otegui MS, Estevez JM. Class III Peroxidases PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73 Control Root Hair Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105375. [PMID: 35628189 PMCID: PMC9141322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Root hair cells are important sensors of soil conditions. They grow towards and absorb water-soluble nutrients. This fast and oscillatory growth is mediated by continuous remodeling of the cell wall. Root hair cell walls contain polysaccharides and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, including extensins (EXTs). Class-III peroxidases (PRXs) are secreted into the apoplastic space and are thought to trigger either cell wall loosening or polymerization of cell wall components, such as Tyr-mediated assembly of EXT networks (EXT-PRXs). The precise role of these EXT-PRXs is unknown. Using genetic, biochemical, and modeling approaches, we identified and characterized three root-hair-specific putative EXT-PRXs, PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73. prx01,44,73 triple mutation and PRX44 and PRX73 overexpression had opposite effects on root hair growth, peroxidase activity, and ROS production, with a clear impact on cell wall thickness. We use an EXT fluorescent reporter with contrasting levels of cell wall insolubilization in prx01,44,73 and PRX44-overexpressing background plants. In this study, we propose that PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73 control EXT-mediated cell wall properties during polar expansion of root hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Mariana Carignani Sardoy
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Philippe Ranocha
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 24, Chemin de Borde-Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (P.R.); (C.D.)
| | - Ariel A. Aptekmann
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (A.A.A.); (A.D.N.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Mauro Bringas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (M.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Janice Pennington
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
| | - Julio Paez-Valencia
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
| | - Javier Martínez Pacheco
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Diana R. Rodríguez-Garcia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Yossmayer del Carmen Rondón Guerrero
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Juan Manuel Peralta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Margaret Fleming
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA; (M.F.); (P.A.B.)
| | - John W. Mishler-Elmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (J.W.M.-E.); (M.H.)
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Francisca Blanco-Herrera
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) and Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Patricia A. Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA; (M.F.); (P.A.B.)
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 24, Chemin de Borde-Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (P.R.); (C.D.)
| | - Luciana Capece
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (M.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Alejandro D. Nadra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (A.A.A.); (A.D.N.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Michael Held
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (J.W.M.-E.); (M.H.)
| | - Marisa S. Otegui
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
- Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - José M. Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) and Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370146, Chile
- Correspondence: or
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5
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Pacheco JM, Ranocha P, Kasulin L, Fusari CM, Servi L, Aptekmann AA, Gabarain VB, Peralta JM, Borassi C, Marzol E, Rodríguez-Garcia DR, del Carmen Rondón Guerrero Y, Sardoy MC, Ferrero L, Botto JF, Meneses C, Ariel F, Nadra AD, Petrillo E, Dunand C, Estevez JM. Apoplastic class III peroxidases PRX62 and PRX69 promote Arabidopsis root hair growth at low temperature. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1310. [PMID: 35288564 PMCID: PMC8921275 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRoot Hairs (RHs) growth is influenced by endogenous and by external environmental signals that coordinately regulate its final cell size. We have recently determined that RH growth was unexpectedly boosted when Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings are cultivated at low temperatures. It was proposed that RH growth plasticity in response to low temperature was linked to a reduced nutrient availability in the media. Here, we explore the molecular basis of this RH growth response by using a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) approach using Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions. We identify the poorly characterized PEROXIDASE 62 (PRX62) and a related protein PRX69 as key proteins under moderate low temperature stress. Strikingly, a cell wall protein extensin (EXT) reporter reveals the effect of peroxidase activity on EXT cell wall association at 10 °C in the RH apical zone. Collectively, our results indicate that PRX62, and to a lesser extent PRX69, are key apoplastic PRXs that modulate ROS-homeostasis and cell wall EXT-insolubilization linked to RH elongation at low temperature.
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6
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Borassi C, Sede AR, Mecchia MA, Mangano S, Marzol E, Denita-Juarez SP, Salgado Salter JD, Velasquez SM, Muschietti JP, Estevez JM. Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases PERK5 and PERK12 are involved in pollen tube growth. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2593-2607. [PMID: 34427925 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) superfamily known to be involved in many plant developmental processes. Here, we characterized two pollen-expressed PERKs from Arabidopsis thaliana, PERK5 and PERK12. Pollen tube growth was impaired in single and double perk5-1 perk12-1 loss of function mutants, with an impact on seed production. When the segregation was analysed, a male gametophytic defect was found, indicating that perk5-1 and perk12-1 mutants carry deficient pollen transmission. Furthermore, perk5-1 perk12-1 displayed an excessive accumulation of pectins and cellulose at the cell wall of the pollen tubes. Our results indicate that PERK5 and PERK12 are necessary for proper pollen tube growth, highlighting their role in cell wall assembly and reactive oxygen species homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana R Sede
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín A Mecchia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina P Denita-Juarez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-UBA CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello and ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
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7
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Pérez-Giménez J, Iturralde ET, Torres Tejerizo G, Quelas JI, Krol E, Borassi C, Becker A, Estevez JM, Lodeiro AR. A Stringent-Response-Defective Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens Strain Does Not Activate the Type 3 Secretion System, Elicits an Early Plant Defense Response, and Circumvents NH 4NO 3-Induced Inhibition of Nodulation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e02989-20. [PMID: 33608284 PMCID: PMC8091029 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02989-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
When subjected to nutritional stress, bacteria modify their amino acid metabolism and cell division activities by means of the stringent response, which is controlled by the Rsh protein in alphaproteobacteria. An important group of alphaproteobacteria are the rhizobia, which fix atmospheric N2 in symbiosis with legume plants. Although nutritional stress is common for rhizobia while infecting legume roots, the stringent response has scarcely been studied in this group of soil bacteria. In this report, we obtained a mutant with a kanamycin resistance insertion in the rsh gene of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, the N2-fixing symbiont of soybean. This mutant was defective for type 3 secretion system induction, plant defense suppression at early root infection, and nodulation competition. Furthermore, the mutant produced smaller nodules, although with normal morphology, which led to lower plant biomass production. Soybean (Glycine max) genes GmRIC1 and GmRIC2, involved in autoregulation of nodulation, were upregulated in plants inoculated with the mutant under the N-free condition. In addition, when plants were inoculated in the presence of 10 mM NH4NO3, the mutant produced nodules containing bacteroids, and GmRIC1 and GmRIC2 were downregulated. The rsh mutant released more auxin to the culture supernatant than the wild type, which might in part explain its symbiotic behavior in the presence of combined N. These results indicate that the B. diazoefficiens stringent response integrates into the plant defense suppression and regulation of nodulation circuits in soybean, perhaps mediated by the type 3 secretion system.IMPORTANCE The symbiotic N2 fixation carried out between prokaryotic rhizobia and legume plants performs a substantial contribution to the N cycle in the biosphere. This symbiotic association is initiated when rhizobia infect and penetrate the root hairs, which is followed by the growth and development of root nodules, within which the infective rhizobia are established and protected. Thus, the nodule environment allows the expression and function of the enzyme complex that catalyzes N2 fixation. However, during early infection, the rhizobia find a harsh environment while penetrating the root hairs. To cope with this nuisance, the rhizobia mount a stress response known as the stringent response. In turn, the plant regulates nodulation in response to the presence of alternative sources of combined N in the surrounding medium. Control of these processes is crucial for a successful symbiosis, and here we show how the rhizobial stringent response may modulate plant defense suppression and the networks of regulation of nodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Pérez-Giménez
- IBBM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CCT-La Plata CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Esteban T Iturralde
- IBBM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CCT-La Plata CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Torres Tejerizo
- IBBM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CCT-La Plata CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Ignacio Quelas
- IBBM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CCT-La Plata CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Elizaveta Krol
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Department of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anke Becker
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Department of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Aníbal R Lodeiro
- IBBM, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, CCT-La Plata CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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8
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Montenegro M, Bayonés L, Moya-Díaz J, Borassi C, Martín Toscani A, Gallo LI, Marengo FD. Rapid vesicle replenishment after the immediately releasable pool exocytosis is tightly linked to fast endocytosis, and depends on basal calcium and cortical actin in chromaffin cells. J Neurochem 2021; 157:1069-1085. [PMID: 33338257 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of the secretory response requires a continuous replenishment of releasable vesicles. It was proposed that the immediately releasable pool (IRP) is important in chromaffin cell secretion during action potentials applied at basal physiological frequencies, because of the proximity of IRP vesicles to voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. However, previous reports showed that IRP replenishment after depletion is too slow to manage such a situation. In this work, we used patch-clamp measurements of membrane capacitance, confocal imaging of F-actin distribution, and cytosolic Ca2+ measurements with Fura-2 to re-analyze this problem in primary cultures of mouse chromaffin cells. We provide evidence that IRP replenishment has one slow (time constant between 5 and 10 s) and one rapid component (time constant between 0.5 and 1.5 s) linked to a dynamin-dependent fast endocytosis. Both, the fast endocytosis and the rapid replenishment component were eliminated when 500 nM Ca2+ was added to the internal solution during patch-clamp experiments, but they became dominant and accelerated when the cytosolic Ca2+ buffer capacity was increased. In addition, both rapid replenishment and fast endocytosis were retarded when cortical F-actin cytoskeleton was disrupted with cytochalasin D. Finally, in permeabilized chromaffin cells stained with rhodamine-phalloidin, the cortical F-actin density was reduced when the Ca2+ concentration was increased in a range of 10-1000 nM. We conclude that low cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, which favor cortical F-actin stabilization, allow the activation of a fast endocytosis mechanism linked to a rapid replenishment component of IRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Montenegro
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE). CONICET, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Bayonés
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE). CONICET, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Moya-Díaz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE). CONICET, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Martín Toscani
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN). CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), Centro Científico Tecnológico -, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luciana I Gallo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE). CONICET, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando D Marengo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE). CONICET, Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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9
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Borassi C, Gloazzo Dorosz J, Ricardi MM, Carignani Sardoy M, Pol Fachin L, Marzol E, Mangano S, Rodríguez Garcia DR, Martínez Pacheco J, Rondón Guerrero YDC, Velasquez SM, Villavicencio B, Ciancia M, Seifert G, Verli H, Estevez JM. A cell surface arabinogalactan-peptide influences root hair cell fate. New Phytol 2020; 227:732-743. [PMID: 32064614 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs (RHs) develop from specialized epidermal trichoblast cells, whereas epidermal cells that lack RHs are known as atrichoblasts. The mechanism controlling RH cell fate is only partially understood. RH cell fate is regulated by a transcription factor complex that promotes the expression of the homeodomain protein GLABRA 2 (GL2), which blocks RH development by inhibiting ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6). Suppression of GL2 expression activates RHD6, a series of downstream TFs including ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 LIKE-4 (RSL4) and their target genes, and causes epidermal cells to develop into RHs. Brassinosteroids (BRs) influence RH cell fate. In the absence of BRs, phosphorylated BIN2 (a Type-II GSK3-like kinase) inhibits a protein complex that regulates GL2 expression. Perturbation of the arabinogalactan peptide (AGP21) in Arabidopsis thaliana triggers aberrant RH development, similar to that observed in plants with defective BR signaling. We reveal that an O-glycosylated AGP21 peptide, which is positively regulated by BZR1, a transcription factor activated by BR signaling, affects RH cell fate by altering GL2 expression in a BIN2-dependent manner. Changes in cell surface AGP disrupts BR responses and inhibits the downstream effect of BIN2 on the RH repressor GL2 in root epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Gloazzo Dorosz
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martiniano M Ricardi
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIByNE-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Mariana Carignani Sardoy
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Javier Martínez Pacheco
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Silvia M Velasquez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bianca Villavicencio
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, 91500-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Ciancia
- Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos, Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Química de Biomoléculas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación de Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, BOKU Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hugo Verli
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, 91500-970 RS, Brazil
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CBV), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, 8370186, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, 8331150, Chile
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10
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Li L, Li B, Xie C, Zhang T, Borassi C, Estevez JM, Li X, Liu X. Arabidopsis RAD23B regulates pollen development by mediating degradation of KRP1. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:4010-4019. [PMID: 32242227 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin (Ub)/26S proteasome system (UPS) plays a key role in plant growth, development, and survival by directing the turnover of numerous regulatory proteins. In the UPS, the ubiquitin-like (UBL) and ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domains function as hubs for ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Radiation sensitive 23 (RAD23), which has been identified as a UBL/UBA protein, contributes to the progression of the cell cycle, stress responses, ER proteolysis, and DNA repair. Here, we report that pollen development is arrested at the microspore stage in a rad23b null mutant. We demonstrate that RAD23B can directly interact with KIP-related protein 1 (KRP1) through its UBL-UBA domains. In addition, plants overexpressing KRP1 have defects in pollen development, which is a phenotype similar to the rad23b mutant. RAD23B promotes the degradation of KRP1 in vivo, which is accumulated following treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Our results indicate that RAD23B plays an important in pollen development by controlling the turnover of the key cell cycle protein, KRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Chong Xie
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires CP, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires CP, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile and Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Xiushan Li
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan University, Changsha, P. R. China
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11
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Sede AR, Wengier DL, Borassi C, Estevez JM, Muschietti JP. Imaging and Analysis of the Content of Callose, Pectin, and Cellulose in the Cell Wall of Arabidopsis Pollen Tubes Grown In Vitro. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2160:233-242. [PMID: 32529441 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0672-8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
To achieve fertilization, pollen tubes have to protect and properly deliver sperm cells through the pistil to the ovules. Pollen tube growth is a representative example of polarized growth where new components of the cell wall and plasma membrane are continuously deposited at the tip of the growing cell. The integrity of the cell wall is of fundamental importance to maintain apical growth. For this reason, pollen tube growth has become an excellent model to study the role of polysaccharides and structural cell wall proteins involved in polar cell expansion. However, quantification of structural polysaccharides at the pollen tube cell wall has been challenging due to technical complexity and the difficulty of finding specific dyes. Here, we propose simple methods for imaging and quantification of callose, pectin , and cellulose using specific dyes such as Aniline Blue, Propidium Iodide, and Pontamine Fast Scarlet 4B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Sede
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Hector Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Wengier
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Hector Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL-IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL-IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CBV), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Hector Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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Marzol E, Borassi C, Bringas M, Sede A, Rodríguez Garcia DR, Capece L, Estevez JM. Filling the Gaps to Solve the Extensin Puzzle. Mol Plant 2018; 11:645-658. [PMID: 29530817 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extensins (EXTs) are highly repetitive plant O-glycoproteins that require several post-translational modifications (PTMs) to become functional in plant cell walls. First, they are hydroxylated on contiguous proline residues; then they are O-glycosylated on hydroxyproline and serine. After secretion into the apoplast, O-glycosylated EXTs form a tridimensional network organized by inter- and intra-Tyr linkages. Recent studies have made significant progress in the identification of the enzymatic machinery required to process EXTs, which includes prolyl 4-hydroxylases, glycosyltransferases, papain-type cysteine endopeptidases, and peroxidases. EXTs are abundant in plant tissues and are particularly important in rapidly expanding root hairs and pollen tubes, which grow in a polar manner. Small changes in EXT PTMs affect fast-growing cells, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation are unknown. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of EXT modifications throughout the secretory pathway, EXT assembly in cell walls, and possible sensing mechanisms involving the Catharanthus roseus cell surface sensor receptor-like kinases located at the interface between the apoplast and the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Mauro Bringas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires, CP C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Ana Sede
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Diana Rosa Rodríguez Garcia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Luciana Capece
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires, CP C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Jose M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina.
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13
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Sede AR, Borassi C, Wengier DL, Mecchia MA, Estevez JM, Muschietti JP. Arabidopsis pollen extensins LRX are required for cell wall integrity during pollen tube growth. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:233-243. [PMID: 29265366 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Proper cell wall assembly is crucial during pollen tube growth. Leucine-rich repeat extensins (LRXs) are extracellular glycoproteins which belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) family. They contain a conserved N-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a highly variable C-terminal extensin domain. Here, we characterized four LRX proteins (LRX8 through LRX11) from pollen of Arabidopsis thaliana. To investigate the role of LRX8-LRX11 in pollen germination and pollen tube growth, multiple T-DNA lrx mutants were obtained. The lrx mutants display abnormal pollen tubes with an irregular deposition of callose and pectin. They also show serious alterations in pollen germination and segregation ratio. Our results suggest that LRXs are involved in ensuring proper cell wall assembly during pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Sede
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, IFIByNE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Wengier
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín A Mecchia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, IFIByNE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Mangano S, Denita-Juarez SP, Marzol E, Borassi C, Estevez JM. High Auxin and High Phosphate Impact on RSL2 Expression and ROS-Homeostasis Linked to Root Hair Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1164. [PMID: 30154812 PMCID: PMC6102359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Root hair size determines the surface area/volume ratio of the whole roots exposed to the nutrient and water pools, thereby likely impacting nutrient and water uptake rates. The speed at which they grow is determined both by cell-intrinsic factors like hormones (e.g., auxin) and external environmental signals like nutrient availability in the soil (e.g., phosphate). Overall root hair growth is controlled by the transcription factors RSL4 and RSL2. While high levels of auxin promote root hair growth, high levels of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in the media are able to strongly repress RSL4 and RSL2 expression linked to a decreased polar growth. In this work, we inquired the mechanism used by root hairs to integrate conflicting growth signals like the repressive signal of high Pi levels and a concomitant high auxin exposure that promotes growth and questioned whether these complex signals might activate known molecular players in root hair polar growth. Under these conditions, RSL2 expression (but not RSL4) is activated linked to ROS production and root hair growth. On the other hand, by blocking ROS production derived from the NADPH Oxidase C (or RBOHC for RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG C) and ROS production from Secreted type-III Peroxidases (PERs), it was possible to repress the auxin growth-promoting effect. This study identifies a new layer of complexity between auxin, Pi nutrient availability and RSL2/RSL4 transcription factors all acting on ROS homeostasis and growth at the root hair level.
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15
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Sede AR, Borassi C, Wengier DL, Mecchia MA, Estevez JM, Muschietti JP. Arabidopsis pollen extensins LRX are required for cell wall integrity during pollen tube growth. FEBS Lett 2018. [PMID: 27222256 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Proper cell wall assembly is crucial during pollen tube growth. Leucine-rich repeat extensins (LRXs) are extracellular glycoproteins which belong to the hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein (HRGP) family. They contain a conserved N-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and a highly variable C-terminal extensin domain. Here, we characterized four LRX proteins (LRX8 through LRX11) from pollen of Arabidopsis thaliana. To investigate the role of LRX8-LRX11 in pollen germination and pollen tube growth, multiple T-DNA lrx mutants were obtained. The lrx mutants display abnormal pollen tubes with an irregular deposition of callose and pectin. They also show serious alterations in pollen germination and segregation ratio. Our results suggest that LRXs are involved in ensuring proper cell wall assembly during pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Sede
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, IFIByNE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L Wengier
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín A Mecchia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, IFIByNE-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, "Dr. Héctor Torres" (INGEBI-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Marzol E, Borassi C, Denita Juárez SP, Mangano S, Estevez JM. RSL4 Takes Control: Multiple Signals, One Transcription Factor. Trends Plant Sci 2017; 22:553-555. [PMID: 28487046 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Root hair growth dramatically expands the root surface area, thus facilitating water and nutrient uptake. Until recently, the molecular mechanism underlying root hair growth was unknown. Recent studies have revealed that the transcription factor ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 LIKE 4 (RSL4) coordinates hormonal, environmental, and developmental factors to trigger polar growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Silvina Paola Denita Juárez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina.
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Borassi C, Sede AR, Mecchia MA, Salgado Salter JD, Marzol E, Muschietti JP, Estevez JM. An update on cell surface proteins containing extensin-motifs. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:477-87. [PMID: 26475923 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years it has become clear that there are several molecular links that interconnect the plant cell surface continuum, which is highly important in many biological processes such as plant growth, development, and interaction with the environment. The plant cell surface continuum can be defined as the space that contains and interlinks the cell wall, plasma membrane and cytoskeleton compartments. In this review, we provide an updated view of cell surface proteins that include modular domains with an extensin (EXT)-motif followed by a cytoplasmic kinase-like domain, known as PERKs (for proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases); with an EXT-motif and an actin binding domain, known as formins; and with extracellular hybrid-EXTs. We focus our attention on the EXT-motifs with the short sequence Ser-Pro(3-5), which is found in several different protein contexts within the same extracellular space, highlighting a putative conserved structural and functional role. A closer understanding of the dynamic regulation of plant cell surface continuum and its relationship with the downstream signalling cascade is a crucial forthcoming challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Ana R Sede
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Martin A Mecchia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Jorge P Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, Dr. Héctor Torres (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jose M Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina.
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Velasquez SM, Marzol E, Borassi C, Pol-Fachin L, Ricardi MM, Mangano S, Juarez SPD, Salter JDS, Dorosz JG, Marcus SE, Knox JP, Dinneny JR, Iusem ND, Verli H, Estevez JM. Low Sugar Is Not Always Good: Impact of Specific O-Glycan Defects on Tip Growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 2015; 168:808-13. [PMID: 25944827 PMCID: PMC4741341 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.255521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mutants of the O-glycosylation pathway of extensins as well as molecular dynamics simulations uncover the effects of the O-glycosylation machinery on root hair tip growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Velasquez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Laercio Pol-Fachin
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Martiniano M Ricardi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Silvina Paola Denita Juarez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Javier Gloazzo Dorosz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Susan E Marcus
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - J Paul Knox
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Jose R Dinneny
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Norberto D Iusem
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - Hugo Verli
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
| | - José M Estevez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., M.M.R., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.), and Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (N.D.I.), Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Fundacion Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina (S.M.V., E.M., C.B., S.M., S.P.D.J., J.D.S.S., J.G.D., N.D.I., J.M.E.);Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil (L.P.-F.);Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil (L.P.-F., H.V.);Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom (S.E.M., J.P.K.); andCarnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, Stanford, California 94305 (J.R.D.)
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Velasquez SM, Ricardi MM, Poulsen CP, Oikawa A, Dilokpimol A, Halim A, Mangano S, Denita Juarez SP, Marzol E, Salgado Salter JD, Dorosz JG, Borassi C, Möller SR, Buono R, Ohsawa Y, Matsuoka K, Otegui MS, Scheller HV, Geshi N, Petersen BL, Iusem ND, Estevez JM. Complex regulation of prolyl-4-hydroxylases impacts root hair expansion. Mol Plant 2015; 8:734-46. [PMID: 25655826 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are single cells that develop by tip growth, a process shared with pollen tubes, axons, and fungal hyphae. However, structural plant cell walls impose constraints to accomplish tip growth. In addition to polysaccharides, plant cell walls are composed of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs), which include several groups of O-glycoproteins, including extensins (EXTs). Proline hydroxylation, an early post-translational modification (PTM) of HRGPs catalyzed by prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs), defines their subsequent O-glycosylation sites. In this work, our genetic analyses prove that P4H5, and to a lesser extent P4H2 and P4H13, are pivotal for root hair tip growth. Second, we demonstrate that P4H5 has in vitro preferred specificity for EXT substrates rather than for other HRGPs. Third, by P4H promoter and protein swapping approaches, we show that P4H2 and P4H13 have interchangeable functions but cannot replace P4H5. These three P4Hs are shown to be targeted to the secretory pathway, where P4H5 forms dimers with P4H2 and P4H13. Finally, we explore the impact of deficient proline hydroxylation on the cell wall architecture. Taken together, our results support a model in which correct peptidyl-proline hydroxylation on EXTs, and possibly in other HRGPs, is required for proper cell wall self-assembly and hence root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Velasquez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Martiniano M Ricardi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Christian Peter Poulsen
- VKR Research Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ai Oikawa
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Feedstocks Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Adiphol Dilokpimol
- VKR Research Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Adnan Halim
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Silvina Paola Denita Juarez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Eliana Marzol
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Juan D Salgado Salter
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Javier Gloazzo Dorosz
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Svenning Rune Möller
- VKR Research Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Rafael Buono
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yukiko Ohsawa
- RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Henrik V Scheller
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Feedstocks Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
| | - Naomi Geshi
- VKR Research Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bent Larsen Petersen
- VKR Research Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Norberto D Iusem
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - José M Estevez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.
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Borassi C, Di Giorgio JP, Scarpin MR, Muschietti J, Estevez JM. Optimized method for growing in vitro Arabidopsis thaliana pollen tubes. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1242:41-7. [PMID: 25408441 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1902-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tubes elongate by tip growth toward the ovule to deliver the sperm cells during fertilization. Since pollen tubes from several species can be grown in vitro maintaining their polarity, pollen tube growth is a suitable model system to study cell polarity and tip growth. A. thaliana pollen tubes germinated in vitro for 6 h can reach up to 800 μm. By studying the phenotype of mutants of T-DNA insertion lines, genes involved in pollen tube growth can be identified. Moreover, components involved in the regulation of pollen tube growth such as calcium ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Borassi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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