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Watanabe R, Ashida H, Kobayashi‐Miura M, Yokota A, Yodoi J. Effect of chronic administration with human thioredoxin-1 transplastomic lettuce on diabetic mice. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4232-4242. [PMID: 34401074 PMCID: PMC8358336 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
SCOPE Human thioredoxin-1 (hTrx-1) is a defensive protein induced by various stresses and exerts antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Previously, we described a transplastomic lettuce overexpressing hTrx-1 that exerts a protective effect against oxidative damage in a pancreatic β-cell line. In this study, we treated diabetic mice (Akita mice) with exogenous hTrx-1 and evaluated the effects. METHODS AND RESULTS Treatment with drinking water and single applications of exogenous hTrx-1 did not influence the feeding, drinking behavior, body weight, blood glucose, or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Akita mice. However, chronic administration of a 10% hTrx-1 lettuce-containing diet was associated with a significant reduction from the baseline of HbA1c levels compared with mice fed a wild-type lettuce-containing diet. It also resulted in an increased number of goblet cells in the small intestine, indicating that mucus was synthesized and secreted. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that the administration of an hTrx-1 lettuce-containing diet improves the baseline level of HbA1c in Akita mice. This effect is mediated through goblet cell proliferation and possibly related to protection against postprandial hyperglycemia by mucus, which results in the improvement of blood glucose control. These findings suggest that the hTrx-1 lettuce may be a useful tool for the continuous antioxidative and antidiabetic efficacies of the hTrx-1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Watanabe
- Laboratory of Infection and PreventionDepartment of Biological ResponsesInstitute for Virus ResearchKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of Human Life SciencesMimasaka UniversityOkayamaJapan
- Nanometorics LaboratoryDepartment of MicroengineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Present address:
Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroki Ashida
- Graduate School of Biological SciencesNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
- Graduate School of Human Development and EnvironmentKobe UniversityKobe CityJapan
- Present address:
Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Mikiko Kobayashi‐Miura
- Laboratory of Infection and PreventionDepartment of Biological ResponsesInstitute for Virus ResearchKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of BiochemistryShimane University Faculty of MedicineShimaneJapan
- Present address:
Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akiho Yokota
- Graduate School of Biological SciencesNara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)NaraJapan
- Present address:
Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Junji Yodoi
- Laboratory of Infection and PreventionDepartment of Biological ResponsesInstitute for Virus ResearchKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Present address:
Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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2
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Ruhlman TA. Biolistic Plastid Transformation in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) for Oral Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2317:267-281. [PMID: 34028775 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1472-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interest in producing pharmaceutical proteins in a nontoxic plant host has led to the development of an approach to express such proteins in transplastomic lettuce (Lactuca sativa). A number of therapeutic proteins and vaccine antigen candidates have been stably integrated into the lettuce plastid genome using biolistic DNA delivery. High levels of accumulation and retention of biological activity suggest that lettuce may provide and ideal platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A Ruhlman
- Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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3
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Darqui FS, Radonic LM, Beracochea VC, Hopp HE, López Bilbao M. Peculiarities of the Transformation of Asteraceae Family Species: The Cases of Sunflower and Lettuce. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:767459. [PMID: 34899788 PMCID: PMC8662702 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.767459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The Asteraceae family is the largest and most diversified family of the Angiosperms, characterized by the presence of numerous clustered inflorescences, which have the appearance of a single compound flower. It is estimated that this family represents around 10% of all flowered species, with a great biodiversity, covering all environments on the planet, except Antarctica. Also, it includes economically important crops, such as lettuce, sunflower, and chrysanthemum; wild flowers; herbs, and several species that produce molecules with pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, the biotechnological improvement of this family is limited to a few species and their genetic transformation was achieved later than in other plant families. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a model species in molecular biology and plant biotechnology that has easily adapted to tissue culture, with efficient shoot regeneration from different tissues, organs, cells, and protoplasts. Due to this plasticity, it was possible to obtain transgenic plants tolerant to biotic or abiotic stresses as well as for the production of commercially interesting molecules (molecular farming). These advances, together with the complete sequencing of lettuce genome allowed the rapid adoption of gene editing using the CRISPR system. On the other hand, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a species that for years was considered recalcitrant to in vitro culture. Although this difficulty was overcome and some publications were made on sunflower genetic transformation, until now there is no transgenic variety commercialized or authorized for cultivation. In this article, we review similarities (such as avoiding the utilization of the CaMV35S promoter in transformation vectors) and differences (such as transformation efficiency) in the state of the art of genetic transformation techniques performed in these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Soledad Darqui
- IABIMO (Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular), UEDD INTA-CONICET, CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Mabel Radonic
- IABIMO (Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular), UEDD INTA-CONICET, CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cecilia Beracochea
- IABIMO (Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular), UEDD INTA-CONICET, CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H. Esteban Hopp
- IABIMO (Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular), UEDD INTA-CONICET, CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular (FBMC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisa López Bilbao
- IABIMO (Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular), UEDD INTA-CONICET, CNIA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Marisa López Bilbao,
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4
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Yarra R. Plastome engineering in vegetable crops: current status and future prospects. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8061-8074. [PMID: 32880066 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastome (plastid genome) engineering has grown up and got smarter for the transgene expression. Plastid transformation has profound benefits over nuclear transformation, includes a higher level of transgene expression, integration via homologous recombination, transgene containment, lack of gene silencing, and position effect. Substantial and fruitful progress has been achieved in plastome engineering of vegetable crops through the use of improved regeneration/selection procedures, plastid transformation vectors with efficient promoters, and 3/, 5/regulatory sequences. Plastid transformation technology developed for vegetable crops being used as a platform for the production of industrially important proteins and some of the genes of agronomic importance has been stably integrated and expressed in plastome. Although great progress has been accomplished in the plastid transformation of vegetable crops, still it is restricted to few species because of the unavailability of whole plastome sequencing. In this review, the author focus on the technology, progress, and advancements in plastid transformation of vegetable plants such as lettuce, tomato, potato, cabbage, cauliflower, eggplant, carrot, soybean, and bitter melon are reviewed. The conclusions, future prospects, and expansion of plastid transformation technology to other vegetable crops for genetic improvement and production of edible vaccines are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Yarra
- Department of Agronomy, University of Florida, IFAS, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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5
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Nakanishi K, Matsuda M, Ida R, Hosokawa N, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Lettuce-derived secretory IgA specifically neutralizes the Shiga toxin 1 activity. PLANTA 2019; 250:1255-1264. [PMID: 31222495 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION An edible plant was tested as a host for the production of secretory monoclonal IgA against Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1). The lettuce-derived IgA completely protected Vero cells from Stx1. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is thought to control mucosal infections and thus it may be applicable to oral passive immunotherapy. Edible plants are candidate hosts for producing oral formulations with SIgA against pathogenic agents. We previously established a recombinant IgA specific for the B subunit of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1B) consisting of the Fab fragment of Stx1B-specific monoclonal IgG and the Fc region of IgA (hyIgA). Here, we developed transgenic lettuce (Lactuca sativa) that produces hyIgA in a secretory form (S-hyIgA). An Arabidopsis-derived light-harvesting complex II (LHCB) promoter was used for the expression of all four transgenes (hyIgA heavy, light and j chains, and secretory component). Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was carried out to introduce genes into lettuce leaf discs by means of a single vector harboring all four transgenes. Consistent with the tissue specificity of the LHCB promoter, the expression of hyIgA transgenes was observed in leaf and stem tissues, which contain chloroplasts, at the mRNA and protein levels. The leaves produced hyIgA in a more than tenfold higher yield as compared with stems. The lettuce-derived S-hyIgA was found to bind to Stx1B in a dose-dependent manner by means of ELISA. A leaf extract of the transgenic lettuce completely neutralized the cytotoxicity of Stx1 against Vero cells, which are highly susceptible to Stx1. In conclusion, we established a transgenic lettuce producing a secretory form of hyIgA that can bind bacterial toxin. The results indicate that edible practical plants containing S-hyIgA will provide a possible means for immunotherapy for food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minami Matsuda
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryota Ida
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nao Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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6
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Queiroz LN, Maldaner FR, Mendes ÉA, Sousa AR, D'Allastta RC, Mendonça G, Mendonça DBS, Aragão FJL. Evaluation of lettuce chloroplast and soybean cotyledon as platforms for production of functional bone morphogenetic protein 2. Transgenic Res 2019; 28:213-224. [PMID: 30888592 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-019-00116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein BMP2 plays a crucial role in the formation and regeneration of bone and cartilage, which is critical for maintaining skeletal integrity and bone fracture repair. Because of its important role in osteogenic properties it has been commercially produced for clinical use. Here we report attempts to express human BMP2 using two plant systems (lettuce chloroplast and soybean seeds). The rhBMP2 gene (coding for the 13 kDa active polypeptide) was introduced in two regions of the lettuce chloroplast genome. Two homoplasmic events were achieved and RT-PCR demonstrated that the BMP2 gene was transcribed. However, it was not possible to detect accumulation of rhBMP2 in leaves. Two soybean events were achieved to express a full-length hBMP2 gene (coding for the 45 kDa pro-BMP2) fused with the α-coixin signal peptide, under control of the β-conglycinin promoter. Pro-BMP2 was expressed in the transgenic seeds at levels of up to 9.28% of the total soluble seed protein as determined by ELISA. It was demonstrated that this recombinant form was biologically active upon administration to C2C12 cell cultures, because it was able to induce an osteogenic cascade, as observed by the enhanced expression of SP7 (osterix) and ALPI (alkaline phosphatase) genes. Collectively, these results corroborated our previous observation that soybean seeds provide an effective strategy for achieving stable accumulation of functional therapeutic proteins, such as BMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia N Queiroz
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
- Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 49109-1078, USA
| | - Franciele R Maldaner
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil
| | - Érica A Mendes
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil
| | - Aline R Sousa
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca C D'Allastta
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Mendonça
- Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 49109-1078, USA
| | - Daniela B S Mendonça
- Biological and Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 49109-1078, USA
| | - Francisco J L Aragão
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, PqEB W5 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70770-900, Brazil.
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Sathishkumar R, Kumar SR, Hema J, Baskar V. Green Biotechnology: A Brief Update on Plastid Genome Engineering. ADVANCES IN PLANT TRANSGENICS: METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2019. [PMCID: PMC7120283 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9624-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Plant genetic engineering has become an inevitable tool in the molecular breeding of crops. Significant progress has been made in the generation of novel plastid transformation vectors and optimized transformation protocols. There are several advantages of plastid genome engineering over conventional nuclear transformation. Some of the advantages include multigene engineering by expression of biosynthetic pathway genes as operons, extremely high-level expression of protein accumulation, lack of transgene silencing, etc. Transgene containment owing to maternal inheritance is another important advantage of plastid genome engineering. Chloroplast genome modification usually results in alteration of several thousand plastid genome copies in a cell. Several therapeutic proteins, edible vaccines, antimicrobial peptides, and industrially important enzymes have been successfully expressed in chloroplasts so far. Here, we critically recapitulate the latest developments in plastid genome engineering. Latest advancements in plastid genome sequencing are briefed. In addition, advancement of extending the toolbox for plastid engineering for selected applications in the area of molecular farming and production of industrially important enzyme is briefed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Sathishkumar
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Jagadeesan Hema
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Venkidasamy Baskar
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
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8
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Mirzaee M, Jalali-Javaran M, Moieni A, Zeinali S, Behdani M. Expression of VGRNb-PE immunotoxin in transplastomic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 97:103-112. [PMID: 29633168 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This research has shown, for the first time, that plant chloroplasts are a suitable compartment for synthesizing recombinant immunotoxins and the transgenic immunotoxin efficiently causes the inhibition of VEGFR2 overexpression, cell growth and proliferation. Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels, which resulted in the growth, invasion and metastasis of cancer. The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) plays a major role in angiogenesis and blocking of its signaling inhibits neovascularization and tumor metastasis. Immunotoxins are promising therapeutics for targeted cancer therapy. They consist of an antibody linked to a protein toxin and are designed to specifically kill the tumor cells. In our previous study, VGRNb-PE immunotoxin protein containing anti-VEGFR2 nanobody fused to the truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A has been established. Here, we expressed this immunotoxin in lettuce chloroplasts. Chloroplast genetic engineering offers several advantages, including high levels of transgene expression, multigene engineering in a single transformation event and maternal inheritance of the transgenes. Site specific integration of transgene into chloroplast genomes, and homoplasmy were confirmed. Immunotoxin levels reached up to 1.1% of total soluble protein or 33.7 µg per 100 mg of leaf tissue (fresh weight). We demonstrated that transgenic immunotoxin efficiently causes the inhibition of VEGFR2 overexpression, cell growth and proliferation. These results indicate that plant chloroplasts are a suitable compartment for synthesizing recombinant immunotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Mirzaee
- Department of Plant Breeding & Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 1497713111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Jalali-Javaran
- Department of Plant Breeding & Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 1497713111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Moieni
- Department of Plant Breeding & Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 1497713111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behdani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Biotechnology Department, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab., Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Yodoi J, Matsuo Y, Tian H, Masutani H, Inamoto T. Anti-Inflammatory Thioredoxin Family Proteins for Medicare, Healthcare and Aging Care. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101081. [PMID: 28961169 PMCID: PMC5691698 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human thioredoxin (TRX) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site -Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-, which is induced by biological stress due to oxidative damage, metabolic dysfunction, chemicals, infection/inflammation, irradiation, or hypoxia/ischemia-reperfusion. Our research has demonstrated that exogenous TRX is effective in a wide variety of inflammatory diseases, including viral pneumonia, acute lung injury, gastric injury, and dermatitis, as well as in the prevention and amelioration of food allergies. Preclinical and clinical studies using recombinant TRX (rhTRX) are now underway. We have also identified substances that induce the expression of TRX in the body, in vegetables and other plant ingredients. Skincare products are being developed that take advantage of the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action of TRX. Furthermore, we are currently engaged in the highly efficient production of pure rhTRX in several plants, such as lettuce, grain and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Yodoi
- Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), 1-6 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan.
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Matsuo
- Department of Human Stress Response Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
| | - Hai Tian
- Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), 1-6 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Shaoxing University, No 900 Cengnan Avenue, Shaoxing 312000, China.
| | - Hiroshi Masutani
- Terni Health Care University, 80-1 Bessho-cho, Tenri, Nara 632-0018, Japan.
| | - Takashi Inamoto
- Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), 1-6 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan.
- Terni Health Care University, 80-1 Bessho-cho, Tenri, Nara 632-0018, Japan.
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Adem M, Beyene D, Feyissa T. Recent achievements obtained by chloroplast transformation. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:30. [PMID: 28428810 PMCID: PMC5395794 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts play a great role for sustained wellbeing of life on the planet. They have the power and raw materials that can be used as sophisticated biological factories. They are rich in energy as they have lots of pigment-protein complexes capable of collecting sunlight, in sugar produced by photosynthesis and in minerals imported from the plant cell. Chloroplast genome transformation offers multiple advantages over nuclear genome which among others, include: integration of the transgene via homologus recombination that enables to eliminate gene silencing and position effect, higher level of transgene expression resulting into higher accumulations of foreign proteins, and significant reduction in environmental dispersion of the transgene due to maternal inheritance which helps to minimize the major critic of plant genetic engineering. Chloroplast genetic engineering has made fruit full progresses in the development of plants resistance to various stresses, phytoremediation of toxic metals, and production of vaccine antigens, biopharmaceuticals, biofuels, biomaterials and industrial enzymes. Although successful results have been achieved, there are still difficulties impeding full potential exploitation and expansion of chloroplast transformation technology to economical plants. These include, lack of species specific regulatory sequences, problem of selection and shoot regeneration, and massive expression of foreign genes resulting in phenotypic alterations of transplastomic plants. The aim of this review is to critically recapitulate the latest development of chloroplast transformation with special focus on the different traits of economic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamed Adem
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Forestry, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Madawalabu University, P.O. Box 247, Bale Robe, Oromiya Ethiopia
| | - Dereje Beyene
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tileye Feyissa
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box. 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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11
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Daniell H, Chan HT, Pasoreck EK. Vaccination via Chloroplast Genetics: Affordable Protein Drugs for the Prevention and Treatment of Inherited or Infectious Human Diseases. Annu Rev Genet 2016; 50:595-618. [PMID: 27893966 PMCID: PMC5496655 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-035349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Plastid-made biopharmaceuticals treat major metabolic or genetic disorders, including Alzheimer's, diabetes, hypertension, hemophilia, and retinopathy. Booster vaccines made in chloroplasts prevent global infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, malaria, cholera, and polio, and biological threats, such as anthrax and plague. Recent advances in this field include commercial-scale production of human therapeutic proteins in FDA-approved cGMP facilities, development of tags to deliver protein drugs to targeted human cells or tissues, methods to deliver precise doses, and long-term stability of protein drugs at ambient temperature, maintaining their efficacy. Codon optimization utilizing valuable information from sequenced chloroplast genomes enhanced expression of eukaryotic human or viral genes in chloroplasts and offered unique insights into translation in chloroplasts. Support from major biopharmaceutical companies, development of hydroponic production systems, and evaluation by regulatory agencies, including the CDC, FDA, and USDA, augur well for advancing this novel concept to the clinic and revolutionizing affordable healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Daniell
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104;
| | - Hui-Ting Chan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104;
| | - Elise K Pasoreck
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104;
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12
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Ahmad N, Michoux F, Lössl AG, Nixon PJ. Challenges and perspectives in commercializing plastid transformation technology. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5945-5960. [PMID: 27697788 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Plastid transformation has emerged as an alternative platform to generate transgenic plants. Attractive features of this technology include specific integration of transgenes-either individually or as operons-into the plastid genome through homologous recombination, the potential for high-level protein expression, and transgene containment because of the maternal inheritance of plastids. Several issues associated with nuclear transformation such as gene silencing, variable gene expression due to the Mendelian laws of inheritance, and epigenetic regulation have not been observed in the plastid genome. Plastid transformation has been successfully used for the production of therapeutics, vaccines, antigens, and commercial enzymes, and for engineering various agronomic traits including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, these demonstrations have usually focused on model systems such as tobacco, and the technology per se has not yet reached the market. Technical factors limiting this technology include the lack of efficient protocols for the transformation of cereals, poor transgene expression in non-green plastids, a limited number of selection markers, and the lengthy procedures required to recover fully segregated plants. This article discusses the technology of transforming the plastid genome, the positive and negative features compared with nuclear transformation, and the current challenges that need to be addressed for successful commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Ahmad
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Franck Michoux
- Alkion Biopharma SAS, 4 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91058 Evry, France
| | - Andreas G Lössl
- Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Daniell H, Lin CS, Yu M, Chang WJ. Chloroplast genomes: diversity, evolution, and applications in genetic engineering. Genome Biol 2016; 17:134. [PMID: 27339192 PMCID: PMC4918201 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-1004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 716] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplasts play a crucial role in sustaining life on earth. The availability of over 800 sequenced chloroplast genomes from a variety of land plants has enhanced our understanding of chloroplast biology, intracellular gene transfer, conservation, diversity, and the genetic basis by which chloroplast transgenes can be engineered to enhance plant agronomic traits or to produce high-value agricultural or biomedical products. In this review, we discuss the impact of chloroplast genome sequences on understanding the origins of economically important cultivated species and changes that have taken place during domestication. We also discuss the potential biotechnological applications of chloroplast genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Daniell
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, South 40th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6030, USA.
| | - Choun-Sea Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, South 40th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6030, USA
| | - Wan-Jung Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jin S, Daniell H. The Engineered Chloroplast Genome Just Got Smarter. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 20:622-640. [PMID: 26440432 PMCID: PMC4606472 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are known to sustain life on earth by providing food, fuel, and oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. However, the chloroplast genome has also been smartly engineered to confer valuable agronomic traits and/or serve as bioreactors for the production of industrial enzymes, biopharmaceuticals, bioproducts, or vaccines. The recent breakthrough in hyperexpression of biopharmaceuticals in edible leaves has facilitated progression to clinical studies by major pharmaceutical companies. This review critically evaluates progress in developing new tools to enhance or simplify expression of targeted genes in chloroplasts. These tools hold the promise to further the development of novel fuels and products, enhance the photosynthetic process, and increase our understanding of retrograde signaling and cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxia Jin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Henry Daniell
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Tamoi M, Shigeoka S. Diversity of regulatory mechanisms of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in plants and algae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:870-6. [PMID: 25776275 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the regulatory mechanisms of the Calvin cycle in algae, we analyzed the molecular properties of the enzymes involved in this cycle. We demonstrated that these enzymes were not regulated by redox modulation through the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system under light/dark conditions and were not sensitive to treatments with hydrogen peroxide in vitro, unlike the chloroplastic thiol-modulated enzymes of plants. On the other hand, we found that cyanobacteria possessed a unique enzyme involved in the Calvin cycle. The CP12 protein played an important role in regulating carbon metabolism in the Calvin cycle in cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. This review described the regulatory mechanisms of the Calvin cycle in algae and also the effects of alterations to photosynthetic carbon metabolism on plant productivity, carbon partitioning, and the carbon/nitrogen balance using transgenic plants expressing algal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Tamoi
- a Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Advanced Bioscience , Kinki University , Nara , Japan
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Abstract
The interest in producing pharmaceutical proteins in a nontoxic plant host has led to the development of an approach to express such proteins in transplastomic lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A number of therapeutic proteins and vaccine antigen candidates have been stably integrated into the lettuce plastid genome using biolistic DNA delivery. High levels of accumulation and retention of biological activity suggest that lettuce may provide an ideal platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A Ruhlman
- Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Nakanishi K, Narimatsu S, Ichikawa S, Tobisawa Y, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Production of hybrid-IgG/IgA plantibodies with neutralizing activity against Shiga toxin 1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80712. [PMID: 24312238 PMCID: PMC3842918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) is a virulence factor of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, such as the O157:H7 strain. In the intestines, secretory IgA (SIgA) is a major component of the immune defense against pathogens and toxins. To form SIgA, the production of dimeric IgA that retains biological activity is an important step. We previously established hybrid-IgG/IgA having variable regions of the IgG specific for the binding subunit of Stx1 (Stx1B) and the heavy chain constant region of IgA. If hybrid-IgG/IgA cDNAs can be expressed in plants, therapeutic or preventive effects may be expected in people eating those plants containing a “plantibody”. Here, we established transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA. The heavy and light chain genes were placed under the control of a bidirectional promoter and terminator of the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of Arabidopsis thaliana (expression cassette). This expression cassette and the J chain gene were subcloned into a single binary vector, which was then introduced into A. thaliana by means of the Agrobacterium method. Expression and assembly of the dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA in plants were revealed by ELISA and immunoblotting. The hybrid-IgG/IgA bound to Stx1B and inhibited Stx1B binding to Gb3, as demonstrated by ELISA. When Stx1 holotoxin was pre-treated with the resulting plantibody, the cytotoxicity of Stx1 was inhibited. The toxin neutralization was also demonstrated by means of several assays including Stx1-induced phosphatidylserine translocation on the plasma membrane, caspase-3 activation and 180 base-pair DNA ladder formation due to inter-nucleosomal cleavage. These results indicate that edible plants containing hybrid-IgG/IgA against Stx1B have the potential to be used for immunotherapy against Stx1-caused food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sanshiro Narimatsu
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shiori Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Tobisawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Matsuo Y, Yodoi J. Extracellular thioredoxin: A therapeutic tool to combat inflammation. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 24:345-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Maldaner FR, Aragão FJL, dos Santos FB, Franco OL, da Rocha Queiroz Lima M, de Oliveira Resende R, Vasques RM, Nagata T. Dengue virus tetra-epitope peptide expressed in lettuce chloroplasts for potential use in dengue diagnosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:5721-9. [PMID: 23615743 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus causes about 100 million cases of dengue disease per year in the world. Laboratory diagnosis is done mainly by serological techniques, which in many cases use crude virus extracts that may cause cross-reactions to other flaviviruses. These undesirable cross-reactions can be reduced or eliminated by using recombinant proteins based on restricted epitopes. Aiming to decrease flaviviral cross-reactions and non-specific interactions in dengue serological assays, a plant expression system was chosen for recombinant antigen production as a reliable and inexpensive dengue diagnostic tool. In the present report, the lettuce plastid transformation system was applied to achieve efficient and stable tetra-epitope peptide antigen production, and its reactivity was evaluated. For this purpose, one putative epitope at positions 34 to 57 of E protein within the junction site of domains I and II of dengue virus (DENV) 1 to 4 serotypes linked by glycine linkers was expressed in lettuce chloroplasts. The potential immunoreactivity for the four DENV serotypes was evaluated using sera from patients of positive and negative dengue cases. Results indicated an overall sensitivity of 71.7% and specificity of 100%. No cross-reactions with the sera of yellow fever-positive or healthy individuals vaccinated against yellow fever were observed. This novel approach may provide an alternative system for the large-scale production of dengue recombinant antigens useful for serodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Roberta Maldaner
- Departamento de Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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Yabuta Y, Tanaka H, Yoshimura S, Suzuki A, Tamoi M, Maruta T, Shigeoka S. Improvement of vitamin E quality and quantity in tobacco and lettuce by chloroplast genetic engineering. Transgenic Res 2013; 22:391-402. [PMID: 22990376 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-012-9656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E (tocopherol: Toc) is an important lipid-soluble antioxidant synthesized in chloroplasts. Among the 8 isoforms of vitamin E, α-Toc has the highest activity in humans. To generate transgenic plants with enhanced vitamin E activity, we applied a chloroplast transformation technique. Three types of the transplastomic tobacco plants (pTTC, pTTMT and pTTC-TMT) carrying the Toc cyclase (TC) or γ-Toc methyltransferase (γ-TMT) gene and the TC plus γ-TMT genes as an operon in the plastid genome, respectively, were generated. There was a significant increase in total levels of Toc due to an increase in γ-Toc in the pTTC plants. Compared to the wild-type plants, Toc composition was altered in the pTTMT plants. In the pTTC-TMT plants, total Toc levels increased and α-Toc was a major Toc isoform. Furthermore, to use chloroplast transformation to produce α-Toc-rich vegetable, TC-overexpressing transplastomic lettuce plants (pLTC) were generated. Total Toc levels and vitamin E activity increased in the pLTC plants compared with the wild-type lettuce plants. These findings indicated that chloroplast genetic engineering is useful to improve vitamin E quality and quantity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Yabuta
- School of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori, 680-8550, Japan
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Vyacheslavova AO, Berdichevets IN, Tyurin AA, Shimshilashvili KR, Mustafaev ON, Goldenkova-Pavlova IV. Expression of heterologous genes in plant systems: New possibilities. RUSS J GENET+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795412110130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Production of foreign proteins using plastid transformation. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:387-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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UKAI K, INAI K, NAKAMICHI N, ASHIDA H, YOKOTA A, HENDRAWAN Y, MURASE H, FUKUDA H. Traveling Waves of Circadian Gene Expression in Lettuce. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2525/ecb.50.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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FUKUDA H, ICHINO T, KONDO T, MURASE H. Early Diagnosis of Productivity Through a Clock Gene Promoter Activity Using a Luciferase Bioluminescence Assay in Arabidopsis thaliana. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.2525/ecb.49.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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