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Muhammad N, Liu Z, Wang L, Yang M, Liu M. The underlying molecular mechanisms of hormonal regulation of fruit color in fruit-bearing plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:104. [PMID: 39316226 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Fruit color is a key feature of fruit quality, primarily influenced by anthocyanin or carotenoid accumulation or chlorophyll degradation. Adapting the pigment content is crucial to improve the fruit's nutritional and commercial value. Genetic factors along with other environmental components (i.e., light, temperature, nutrition, etc.) regulate fruit coloration. The fruit coloration process is influenced by plant hormones, which also play a vital role in various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes. Additionally, phytohormones play a role in the regulation of a highly conserved transcription factor complex, called MBW (MYB-bHLH-WD40). The MBW complex, which consists of myeloblastosis (MYB), basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), and WD40 repeat (WDR) proteins, coordinates the expression of downstream structural genes associated with anthocyanin formation. In fruit production, the application of plant hormones may be important for promoting coloration. However, concerns such as improper concentration or application time must be addressed. This article explores the molecular processes underlying pigment formation and how they are influenced by various plant hormones. The ABA, jasmonate, and brassinosteroid increase anthocyanin and carotenoid formation, but ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin have positive as well as negative effects on anthocyanin formation. This article establishes the necessary groundwork for future studies into the molecular mechanisms of plant hormones regulating fruit color, ultimately aiding in their effective and scientific application towards fruit coloration.
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Grants
- (HBCT2024190201) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- (CARS-30-2-07) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- (2020YFD1000705 Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- 2019YFD1001605 Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
- 2018YFD1000607) Hebei Provincial Program, China Agriculture Research System, Hebei Agricultural University, and the programs under "National Key R&D Program Project Funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Muhammad
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Mengjun Liu
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
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Santo Domingo M, Orduña L, Navarro D, Mayobre C, Santiago A, Valverde L, Alexiou KG, Matus JT, Pujol M, Garcia-Mas J. The ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF024 is a novel regulator of climacteric fruit ripening in melon. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:1844-1858. [PMID: 38900073 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is an essential developmental stage in Angiosperms triggered by hormonal signals such as ethylene, a major player in climacteric ripening. Melon is a unique crop showing both climacteric and non-climacteric cultivars, offering an ideal model for dissecting the genetic mechanisms underpinning this process. The major quantitative trait locus ETHQV8.1 was previously identified as a key regulator of melon fruit ripening. Here, we narrowed down ETHQV8.1 to a precise genomic region containing a single gene, the transcription factor CmERF024. Functional validation using CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out plants unequivocally identified CmERF024 as the causal gene governing ETHQV8.1. The erf024 mutants exhibited suppression of ethylene production, leading to a significant delay and attenuation of fruit ripening. Integrative multi-omic analyses encompassing RNA-seq, DAP-seq, and DNase-seq revealed the association of CmERF024 with chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics throughout fruit ripening. Our data suggest CmERF024 as a novel regulator of climacteric fruit ripening in melon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Santo Domingo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Luis Orduña
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Navarro
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Mayobre
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Antonio Santiago
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Valverde
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Konstantinos G Alexiou
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Pujol
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Jordi Garcia-Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Edifici CRAG, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
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Wang Y, Li S, Shi Y, Lv S, Zhu C, Xu C, Zhang B, Allan AC, Grierson D, Chen K. The R2R3 MYB Ruby1 is activated by two cold responsive ethylene response factors, via the retrotransposon in its promoter, to positively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in citrus. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38922743 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural pigments and dietary antioxidants that play multiple biological roles in plants and are important in animal and human nutrition. Low temperature (LT) promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in many species including blood orange. A retrotransposon in the promoter of Ruby1, which encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor, controls cold-induced anthocyanin accumulation in blood orange flesh. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we characterized two LT-induced ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS (CsERF054 and CsERF061). Both CsERF054 and CsERF061 can activate the expression of CsRuby1 by directly binding to a DRE/CRT cis-element within the retrotransposon in the promoter of CsRuby1, thereby positively regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Further investigation indicated that CsERF061 also forms a protein complex with CsRuby1 to co-activate the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, providing a dual mechanism for the upregulation of the anthocyanin pathway. These results provide insights into how LT mediates anthocyanin biosynthesis and increase the understanding of the regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis in blood orange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Shaojia Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yanna Shi
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Shouzheng Lv
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Changjie Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Donald Grierson
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
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4
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Wang Y, An H, Yang Y, Yi C, Duan Y, Wang Q, Guo Y, Yao L, Chen M, Meng J, Wei J, Hu C, Li H. The MpNAC72/MpERF105-MpMYB10b module regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in Malus 'Profusion' leaves infected with Gymnosporangium yamadae. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1569-1588. [PMID: 38412288 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Apple rust is a serious fungal disease affecting Malus plants worldwide. Infection with the rust pathogen Gymnosporangium yamadae induces the accumulation of anthocyanins in Malus to resist rust disease. However, the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation in Malus against apple rust is still unclear. Here, we show that MpERF105 and MpNAC72 are key regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis via the ethylene-dependent pathway in M. 'Profusion' leaves under rust disease stress. Exogenous ethephon treatment promoted high expression of MpERF105 and MpNAC72 and anthocyanin accumulation in G. yamadae-infected M. 'Profusion' leaves. Overexpression of MpERF105 increased the total anthocyanin content of Malus plant material and acted by positively regulating its target gene, MpMYB10b. MpNAC72 physically interacted with MpERF105 in vitro and in planta, and the two form a protein complex. Coexpression of the two leads to higher transcript levels of MpMYB10b and higher anthocyanin accumulation. In addition, overexpression of MpERF105 or MpNAC72 enhanced the resistance of M. 'Profusion' leaves to apple rust. In conclusion, our results elucidate the mechanism by which MpERF105 and MpNAC72 are induced by ethylene in G. yamadae-infected M. 'Profusion' leaves and promote anthocyanin accumulation by mediating the positive regulation of MpMYB10b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong An
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Duan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yannan Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Yao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingkun Chen
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaxin Meng
- Institute of Pomology & Forestry, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, 10093, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Jun Wei
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Houhua Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Cao YW, Song M, Bi MM, Yang PP, He GR, Wang J, Yang Y, Xu LF, Ming J. Lily (Lilium spp.) LhERF4 negatively affects anthocyanin biosynthesis by suppressing LhMYBSPLATTER transcription. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 342:112026. [PMID: 38342186 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are among the main pigments involved in the colouration of Asiatic hybrid lily (Lilium spp.). Ethylene, a plant ripening hormone, plays an important role in promoting plant maturation and anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, whether and how ethylene regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in lily tepals have not been characterized. Using yeast one-hybrid screening, we previously identified an APETALA2 (AP2)/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) named LhERF4 as a potential inhibitor of LhMYBSPLATTER-mediated negative regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in lily. Here, transcript and protein analysis of LhERF4, a transcriptional repressor, revealed that LhERF4 directly binds to the promoter of LhMYBSPLATTER. In addition, overexpression of LhERF4 in lily tepals negatively regulates the expression of key structural genes and the total anthocyanin content by suppressing the LhMYBSPLATTER gene. Moreover, the LhERF4 gene inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis in response to ethylene, affecting anthocyanin accumulation and pigmentation in lily tepals. Collectively, our findings will advance and elucidate a novel regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis in lily, and this research provides new insight into colouration regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nanling Plant Resource Protection and Utilization, GanNan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Meng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meng-Meng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pan-Pan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guo-Ren He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lei-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jun Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Li X, Xu M, Zhou K, Hao S, Li L, Wang L, Zhou W, Kai G. SmEIL1 transcription factor inhibits tanshinone accumulation in response to ethylene signaling in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1356922. [PMID: 38628367 PMCID: PMC11018959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1356922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Among the bioactive compounds, lipid-soluble tanshinone is present in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a medicinal plant species. While it is known that ethephon has the ability to inhibit the tanshinones biosynthesis in the S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, however the underlying regulatory mechanism remains obscure. In this study, using the transcriptome dataset of the S. miltiorrhiza hairy root induced by ethephon, an ethylene-responsive transcriptional factor EIN3-like 1 (SmEIL1) was identified. The SmEIL1 protein was found to be localized in the nuclei, and confirmed by the transient transformation observed in tobacco leaves. The overexpression of SmEIL1 was able to inhibit the tanshinones accumulation to a large degree, as well as down-regulate tanshinones biosynthetic genes including SmGGPPS1, SmHMGR1, SmHMGS1, SmCPS1, SmKSL1 and SmCYP76AH1. These are well recognized participants in the tanshinones biosynthesis pathway. Further investigation on the SmEIL1 was observed to inhibit the transcription of the CPS1 gene by the Dual-Luciferase (Dual-LUC) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays. The data in this work will be of value regarding the involvement of EILs in regulating the biosynthesis of tanshinones and lay the foundation for the metabolic engineering of bioactive ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Dermatology department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyu Hao
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Development and Clinical Transformation of Immunomodulatory Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leran Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Yang C, Sun N, Qin X, Liu Y, Sui M, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Mao Z, Chen X, Mao Y, Shen X. Multi-omics analysis reveals the biosynthesis of flavonoids during the browning process of Malus sieversii explants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14238. [PMID: 38488414 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Malus sieversii is a precious apple germplasm resource. Browning of explants is one of the most important factors limiting the survival rate of plant tissue culture. In order to explore the molecular mechanism of the browning degree of different strains of Malus sieversii, we compared the dynamic changes of Malus sieversii and Malus robusta Rehd. during the whole browning process using a multi-group method. A total of 44 048 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by transcriptome analysis on the DNBSEQ-T7 sequencing platform. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. In addition, metabonomic analysis showed that (-)-epicatechin, astragalin, chrysin, irigenin, isoquercitrin, naringenin, neobavaisoflavone and prunin exhibited different degrees of free radical scavenging ability in the tissue culture browning process, and their accumulation in different varieties led to differences in the browning degree among varieties. Comprehensive transcriptome and metabonomics analysis of the data related to flavonoid biosynthesis showed that PAL, 4CL, F3H, CYP73A, CHS, CHI, ANS, DFR and PGT1 were the key genes for flavonoid accumulation during browning. In addition, WGCNA analysis revealed a strong correlation between the known flavonoid structure genes and the selected transcriptional genes. Protein interaction predictions demonstrated that 19 transcription factors (7 MYBs and 12 bHLHs) and 8 flavonoid structural genes had targeted relationships. The results show that the interspecific differential expression of flavonoid genes is the key influencing factor of the difference in browning degree between Malus sieversii and Malus robusta Rehd., providing a theoretical basis for further study on the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Nan Sun
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xin Qin
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yangbo Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Mengyi Sui
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yanli Hu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Zhiquan Mao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Yunfei Mao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, China
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8
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Chen C, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen H, Gong R. Sweet cherry TCP gene family analysis reveals potential functions of PavTCP1, PavTCP2 and PavTCP3 in fruit light responses. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:3. [PMID: 38166656 PMCID: PMC10759647 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TCP proteins are plant specific transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth and development. Despite the known significance of these transcription factors in general plant development, their specific role in fruit growth remains largely uncharted. Therefore, this study explores the potential role of TCP transcription factors in the growth and development of sweet cherry fruits. RESULTS Thirteen members of the PavTCP family were identified within the sweet cherry plant, with two, PavTCP1 and PavTCP4, found to contain potential target sites for Pav-miR159, Pav-miR139a, and Pav-miR139b-3p. Analyses of cis-acting elements and Arabidopsis homology prediction analyses that the PavTCP family comprises many light-responsive elements. Homologs of PavTCP1 and PavTCP3 in Arabidopsis TCP proteins were found to be crucial to light responses. Shading experiments showed distinct correlation patterns between PavTCP1, 2, and 3 and total anthocyanins, soluble sugars, and soluble solids in sweet cherry fruits. These observations suggest that these genes may contribute significantly to sweet cherry light responses. In particular, PavTCP1 could play a key role, potentially mediated through Pav-miR159, Pav-miR139a, and Pav-miR139b-3p. CONCLUSION This study is the first to unveil the potential function of TCP transcription factors in the light responses of sweet cherry fruits, paving the way for future investigations into the role of this transcription factor family in plant fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 6111130, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 6111130, China
| | - Yuanfei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 6111130, China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 6111130, China
| | - Ronggao Gong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 6111130, China.
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9
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Wang T, Duan S, Xu C, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Chen L, Han Z, Wu T. Pan-genome analysis of 13 Malus accessions reveals structural and sequence variations associated with fruit traits. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7377. [PMID: 37968318 PMCID: PMC10651928 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural variations (SVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) contribute to trait variations in fleshy-fruited species. Here, we assemble 10 genomes of genetically diverse Malus accessions, including the ever-green cultivar 'Granny Smith' and the widely cultivated cultivar 'Red Fuji'. Combining with three previously reported genomes, we assemble the pan-genome of Malus species and identify 20,220 CNVs and 317,393 SVs. We also observe CNVs that are positively correlated with expression levels of the genes they are associated with. Furthermore, we show that the noncoding RNA generated from a 209 bp insertion in the intron of mitogen-activated protein kinase homology encoding gene, MMK2, regulates the gene expression and affects fruit coloration. Moreover, we identify overlapping SVs associated with fruit quality and biotic resistance. This pan-genome uncovers possible contributions of CNVs to gene expression and highlights the role of SVs in apple domestication and economically important traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyao Duan
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyang Chen
- Smartgenomics Technology Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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10
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Xu T, Yu L, Huang N, Liu W, Fang Y, Chen C, Jiang L, Wang T, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Wang N, Chen X. The regulatory role of MdNAC14-Like in anthocyanin synthesis and proanthocyanidin accumulation in red-fleshed apples. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108068. [PMID: 37852067 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PAs), play essential roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. Red-fleshed apples represent a valuable germplasm resource with high flavonoid content. Understanding and enriching the regulatory network controlling flavonoid synthesis in red-fleshed apples holds significant importance for cultivating high-quality fruits. In this study, we successfully isolated an NAC transcription factor, MdNAC14-Like, which exhibited a significant negative correlation with the content of anthocyanin. Transient injection of apple fruit and stable expression of callus confirmed that MdNAC14-Like acts as an inhibitor of anthocyanin synthesis. Through yeast monohybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and luciferase reporter assays, we demonstrated the ability of MdNAC14-Like to bind to the promoters of MdMYB9, MdMYB10, and MdUFGT, thus inhibiting their transcriptional activity and subsequently suppressing anthocyanin synthesis. Furthermore, our investigation revealed that MdNAC14-Like interacts with MdMYB12, enhancing the transcriptional activation of MdMYB12 on the downstream structural gene MdLAR, thereby promoting PA synthesis. This comprehensive functional characterization of MdNAC14-Like provides valuable insights into the intricate regulatory network governing anthocyanin and PA synthesis in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyao Xu
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Ningwang Huang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yue Fang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Cong Chen
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Lepu Jiang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yuehua Xu
- Penglai City Fruit Tree Work Station, Penglai, Shandong 265600, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| | - Xuesen Chen
- College of Horticulture Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Road, 271018, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
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11
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Wang Z, Song G, Zhang F, Shu X, Wang N. Functional Characterization of AP2/ERF Transcription Factors during Flower Development and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Related Candidate Genes in Lycoris. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14464. [PMID: 37833913 PMCID: PMC10572147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The APETALA2/ethylene-responsive transcription factor (AP2/ERF) family has been extensively investigated because of its significant involvement in plant development, growth, fruit ripening, metabolism, and plant stress responses. To date, there has been little investigation into how the AP2/ERF genes influence flower formation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in Lycoris. Herein, 80 putative LrAP2/ERF transcription factors (TFs) with complete open reading frames (ORFs) were retrieved from the Lycoris transcriptome sequence data, which could be divided into five subfamilies dependent on their complete protein sequences. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that genes belonging to the same subfamily had structural similarities and conserved motifs. LrAP2/ERF genes were analyzed for playing an important role in plant growth, water deprivation, and flower formation by means of gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. The expression pattern of the LrAP2/ERF genes differed across tissues and might be important for Lycoris growth and flower development. In response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) exposure and drought stress, the expression of each LrAP2/ERF gene varied across tissues and time. Moreover, a total of 20 anthocyanin components were characterized using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis, and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside-5-O-arabinoside was identified as the major anthocyanin aglycone responsible for the coloration of the red petals in Lycoris. In addition, we mapped the relationships between genes and metabolites and found that LrAP2/ERF16 is strongly linked to pelargonidin accumulation in Lycoris petals. These findings provide the basic conceptual groundwork for future research into the molecular underpinnings and regulation mechanisms of AP2/ERF TFs in anthocyanin accumulation and Lycoris floral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (G.S.); (F.Z.); (X.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guowei Song
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (G.S.); (F.Z.); (X.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (G.S.); (F.Z.); (X.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaochun Shu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (G.S.); (F.Z.); (X.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (Z.W.); (G.S.); (F.Z.); (X.S.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybeans (General, Ministry of Agriculture), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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12
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Huang J, Qin Y, Xie Z, Wang P, Zhao Z, Huang X, Chen Q, Huang Z, Chen Y, Gao A. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveal that the white and yellow mango pulp colors are associated with carotenoid and flavonoid accumulation, and phytohormone signaling. Genomics 2023; 115:110675. [PMID: 37390936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a widely appreciated tropical fruit for its rich color and nutrition. However, knowledge on the molecular basis of color variation is limited. Here, we studied HY3 (yellowish-white pulp) and YX4 (yellow pulp), reaped with 24 h gap from the standard harvesting time. The carotenoids and total flavonoids increased with the advance of harvest time (YX4 > HY34). Transcriptome sequencing showed that higher expressions of the core carotenoid biosynthesis genes and flavonoid biosynthesis genes are correlated to their respective contents. The endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and jasmonic acid contents decreased but abscisic acid and ethylene contents increased with an increase in harvesting time (YX4 > HY34). Similar trends were observed for the corresponding genes. Our results indicate that the color differences are related to carotenoid and flavonoid contents, which in turn are influenced by phytohormone accumulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Yuling Qin
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Ziliang Xie
- Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, 325006 Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Zhichang Zhao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaolou Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Qianfu Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | | | - Yeyuan Chen
- Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Aiping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China.
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13
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Wang W, Pu Y, Wen H, Lu D, Yan M, Liu M, Wu M, Bai H, Shen L, Wu C. Transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit reveal putative genes involved in proanthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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14
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Wang Z, Yang J, Gao Q, He S, Xu Y, Luo Z, Liu P, Wu M, Xu X, Ma L, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Yang J. The transcription factor NtERF13a enhances abiotic stress tolerance and phenylpropanoid compounds biosynthesis in tobacco. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 334:111772. [PMID: 37331634 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR) transcription factors play multiple roles in modulating the biosynthesis of diverse specialized metabolites in response to various environmental stresses. ERF13 has been shown to participate in plant resistance to biotic stress as well as in repressing the synthesis of fatty acid. However, its full roles in regulating plant metabolism and stress resistance still remains to be further studied. In this study, we identified two NtERF genes from N. tabacum genome that belong to Ⅸa subgroup of ERF family. Over-expression and knock-out of NtERF13a showed that NtERF13a could enhance plant resistance to salt and drought stresses, as well as promoted the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid (CGA), flavonoids, and lignin in tobacco. Transcriptome analysis between WT and NtERF13a-OE plants revealed 6 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that encode enzymes catalyzing the key steps of phenylpropanoid pathway. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, Y1H, and Dual-Luc assays further clarified that NtERF13a could directly bind to the fragments containing GCC box or DRE element in the promoters of NtHCT, NtF3'H, and NtANS genes to induce the transcription of these genes. Knock-out of NtHCT, NtF3'H, or NtANS in the NtERF13a-OE background significantly repressed the increase of phenylpropanoid compound contents caused by over-expression of NtERF13a, indicating that the promotion of NtERF13a on the phenylpropanoid compound contents depends on the activity of NtHCT, NtF3'H, and NtANS. Our study demonstrated new roles of NtERF13a in promoting plant resistance to abiotic stresses, and provided a promising target for modulating the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jinchu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650202, China
| | - Shun He
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yongming Xu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhaopeng Luo
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xin Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Chen G, Wang D, Zhang J, You C, Wang X, Liu H. Post-Harvest Application of Nanoparticles of Titanium Dioxide (NPs-TiO 2) and Ethylene to Improve the Coloration of Detached Apple Fruit. Foods 2023; 12:3137. [PMID: 37628136 PMCID: PMC10453011 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the effects of treatments with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs-TiO2) and ethylene on anthocyanin biosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism during light exposure in ripe 'red delicious' apples. Both treatments led to improved anthocyanins biosynthesis in detached mature apples, while the NPs-TiO2 had less impact on the fruit firmness, TSS, TA, and TSS/TA ratio. Furthermore, the effects of both treatments on the expression of anthocyanin-related enzymes and transcription factors in the apple peel were evaluated at the gene level. The differentially expressed genes induced by the two treatments were highly enriched in the photosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The expression of structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and ethylene biosynthesis was more significantly upregulated in the ethylene treatment group than in the NPs-TiO2 treatment group, and the opposite pattern was observed for the expression of genes encoding transcription factors involved in plant photomorphogenesis pathways. In addition, the ROS levels and antioxidant capacity were higher and the membrane lipid peroxidation level was lower in fruit in the NPs-TiO2 treatment group than in the ethylene treatment group. The results of this study reveal differences in the coloration mechanisms induced by NPs-TiO2 and ethylene in apples, providing new insights into improving the color and quality of fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Wang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Guolin Chen
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Daru Wang
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Chunxiang You
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China (D.W.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Huaifeng Liu
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
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16
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Zhang Y, Chen C, Cui Y, Du Q, Tang W, Yang W, Kou G, Tang W, Chen H, Gong R. Potential regulatory genes of light induced anthocyanin accumulation in sweet cherry identified by combining transcriptome and metabolome analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1238624. [PMID: 37662172 PMCID: PMC10469515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1238624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins exist widely in various plant tissues and organs, and they play an important role in plant reproduction, disease resistance, stress resistance, and protection of human vision. Most fruit anthocyanins can be induced to accumulate by light. Here, we shaded the "Hong Deng" sweet cherry and performed an integrated analysis of its transcriptome and metabolome to explore the role of light in anthocyanin accumulation. The total anthocyanin content of the fruit and two of its anthocyanin components were significantly reduced after the shading. Transcriptome and metabolomics analysis revealed that PAL, 4CL, HCT, ANS and other structural genes of the anthocyanin pathway and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, and other metabolites were significantly affected by shading. Weighted total gene network analysis and correlation analysis showed that the upstream and middle structural genes 4CL2, 4CL3, and HCT2 of anthocyanin biosynthesis may be the key genes affecting the anthocyanin content variations in fruits after light shading. Their expression levels may be regulated by transcription factors such as LBD, ERF4, NAC2, NAC3, FKF1, LHY, RVE1, and RVE2. This study revealed for the first time the possible role of LBD, FKF1, and other transcription factors in the light-induced anthocyanin accumulation of sweet cherry, thereby laying a preliminary foundation for further research on the role of light in anthocyanin accumulation of deep red fruit varieties and the genetic breeding of sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ronggao Gong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Li Z, Ahammed GJ. Hormonal regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis for improved stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107835. [PMID: 37348389 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to unprecedented climate change, rapid industrialization and increasing use of agrochemicals, abiotic stress, such as drought, low temperature, high salinity and heavy metal pollution, has become an increasingly serious problem in global agriculture. Anthocyanins, an important plant pigment, are synthesized through the phenylpropanoid pathway and have a variety of physiological and ecological functions, providing multifunctional and effective protection for plants under stress. Foliar anthocyanin accumulation often occurs under abiotic stress including high light, cold, drought, salinity, nutrient deficiency and heavy metal stress, causing leaf reddening or purpling in many plant species. Anthocyanins are used as sunscreens and antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), as metal(loid) chelators to mitigate heavy metal stress, and as crucial molecules with a role in delaying leaf senescence. In addition to environmental factors, anthocyanin synthesis is affected by various endogenous factors. Plant hormones such as abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene and gibberellin have been shown to be involved in regulating anthocyanin synthesis either positively or negatively. Particularly when plants are under abiotic stress, several plant hormones can induce foliar anthocyanin synthesis to enhance plant stress resistance. In this review, we revisit the role of plant hormones in anthocyanin biosynthesis and the mechanism of plant hormone-mediated anthocyanin accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance. We conclude that enhancing anthocyanin content with plant hormones could be a prospective management strategy for improving plant stress resistance, but extensive further research is essentially needed to provide future guidance for practical crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang, 471023, PR China; Henan Engineering Technology Research Center for Horticultural Crop Safety and Disease Control, Luoyang, 471023, PR China.
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18
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Lu R, Song M, Wang Z, Zhai Y, Hu C, Perl A, Ma H. Independent flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis in the flesh of a red-fleshed table grape revealed by metabolome and transcriptome co-analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:361. [PMID: 37454071 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red flesh is a desired fruit trait, but the regulation of red flesh formation in grape is not well understood. 'Mio Red' is a seedless table grape variety with light-red flesh and blue-purple skin. The skin color develops at veraison whereas the flesh color develops at a later stage of berry development. The flesh and skin flavonoid metabolomes and transcriptomes were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 161 flavonoids were identified, including 16 anthocyanins. A total of 66 flavonoids were found at significantly different levels in the flesh and skin (fold change ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5, variable importance in projection (VIP) ≥ 1). The main anthocyanins in the flesh were pelargonidin and peonidin, and in the skin were peonidin, delphinidin, and petunidin. Transcriptome comparison revealed 57 differentially expressed structural genes of the flavonoid-metabolism pathway (log2fold change ≥ 1, FDR < 0.05, FPKM ≥ 1). Two differentially expressed anthocyanin synthase (ANS) genes were annotated, ANS2 (Vitvi02g00435) with high expression in flesh and ANS1 (Vitvi11g00565) in skin, respectively. One dihydro flavonol 4-reductase (DFR, Vitvi18g00988) gene was differentially expressed although high in both skin and flesh. Screened and correlation analysis of 12 ERF, 9 MYB and 3 bHLH genes. The Y1H and dual luciferase assays showed that MYBA1 highly activates the ANS2 promoter in flesh and that ERFCBF6 was an inhibitory, EFR23 and bHLH93 may activate the DFR gene. These genes may be involved in the regulation of berry flesh color. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape flesh is independent of that in the skin. Differentially expressed ANS, MYB and ERF transcription factors provide new clues for the future breeding of table grapes that will provide the health benefits as red wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxiang Lu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Miaoyu Song
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanlei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaoyang Hu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Avihai Perl
- Department of Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Huiqin Ma
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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19
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Sun H, Hu K, Wei S, Yao G, Zhang H. ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS 4.1/4.2 with an EAR motif repress anthocyanin biosynthesis in red-skinned pears. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1892-1912. [PMID: 36732887 PMCID: PMC10315276 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Red-skinned pears (Pyrus L.) are preferred to consumers for their attractive color and abundant anthocyanins. Pyrus ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 3 (PyERF3) positively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis through interacting with Pyrus myeloblastosis family 114 (PyMYB114) and Pyrus basic helix-loop-helix 3 (PybHLH3) in red-skinned pears. However, the role of APETALA2/ethylene response factors (AP2/ERFs), which negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis, remains unclear in red-skinned pears. Here, we validated that 2 AP2/ERFs, PyERF4.1 and PyERF4.2, screened from the transcriptome data of 'Starkrimson' pear (Pyrus communis L.) and its green mutant, inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis in transgenic pear calli, as well as in overexpression and gene-edited tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. Meanwhile, the co-transformation of PyERF4.1/PyERF4.2 with PyERF3-PyMYB114-PybHLH3 inhibited anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear fruits and strawberry (Fragaria vesca) receptacles. Further assays showed that PyMYB114 activated the transcription of PyERF4.1/PyERF4.2; PyERF4.1/PyERF4.2 then interacted with PyERF3 to affect the stability of the PyERF3-PyMYB114-PybHLH3 complex, thereby inhibiting the transcription of the anthocyanin biosynthesis gene Pyrus anthocyanidin synthase (PyANS). Furthermore, deletion of the ERF-associated-amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif eliminated the inhibitory effect of PyERF4.1/PyERF4.2 on anthocyanin biosynthesis, and a mutation of the PyERF4.2-EAR motif (LxLxM to LxLxL) strengthened the inhibitory effect, demonstrating that the EAR motif is indispensable for the inhibitory effect of PyERF4.1/PyERF4.2 on anthocyanin biosynthesis in pears. Our study has shed light on a feedback regulatory loop mechanism that balances the excessive accumulation of anthocyanins in red-skinned pears, providing insights into the regulatory mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis and the regulatory network of coloration in red-skinned pears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kangdi Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shuwei Wei
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an 271000, China
| | - Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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20
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Xu R, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhao Z, Cao J, Fu D, Jiang W. PsERF1B-PsMYB10.1-PsbHLH3 module enhances anthocyanin biosynthesis in the flesh-reddening of amber-fleshed plum (cv. Friar) fruit in response to cold storage. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad091. [PMID: 37342542 PMCID: PMC10277908 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Flesh-reddening usually occurs in the amber-fleshed plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) fruit during cold storage but not during ambient storage direct after harvest. It is not clear how postharvest cold signal is mediated to regulate the anthocyanin biosynthesis in the forming of flesh-reddening yet. In this study, anthocyanins dramatically accumulated and ethylene produced in the 'Friar' plums during cold storage, in comparison with plums directly stored at ambient temperature. Expression of genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis, as well as transcription factors of PsMYB10.1, PsbHLH3, and PsERF1B were strongly stimulated to upregulated in the plums in the period of cold storage. Suppression of ethylene act with 1-methylcyclopropene greatly suppressed flesh-reddening and downregulated the expression of these genes. Transient overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing assays in plum flesh indicated that PsMYB10.1 encodes a positive regulator of anthocyanin accumulation. The transient overexpression of PsERF1B, coupled with PsMYB10.1 and PsbHLH3, could further prompt the anthocyanin biosynthesis in a tobacco leaf system. Results from yeast two-hybrid and luciferase complementation assays verified that PsERF1B directly interacted with PsMYB10.1. PsERF1B and PsMYB10.1 enhanced the activity of the promoter of PsUFGT individually, and the enhancement was prompted by the co-action of PsERF1B and PsMYB10.1. Overall, the stimulation of the PsERF1B-PsMYB10.1-PsbHLH3 module mediated cold signal in the transcriptomic supervision of the anthocyanin biosynthesis in the 'Friar' plums. The results thereby revealed the underlying mechanism of the postharvest alteration of the flesh phenotype of 'Friar' plums subjected to low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yubei Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Limin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Food Science, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, China
| | - Zhilei Zhao
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | | | - Daqi Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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21
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Ni J, Wang S, Yu W, Liao Y, Pan C, Zhang M, Tao R, Wei J, Gao Y, Wang D, Bai S, Teng Y. The ethylene-responsive transcription factor PpERF9 represses PpRAP2.4 and PpMYB114 via histone deacetylation to inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2271-2292. [PMID: 36916511 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene induces anthocyanin biosynthesis in most fruits, including apple (Malus domestica) and plum (Prunus spp.). By contrast, ethylene inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear (Pyrus spp.), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized an ethylene-induced ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) transcription factor, PpETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR9 (PpERF9), which functions as a transcriptional repressor. Our analyses indicated PpERF9 can directly inhibit expression of the MYB transcription factor gene PpMYB114 by binding to its promoter. Additionally, PpERF9 inhibits the expression of the transcription factor gene PpRELATED TO APETALA2.4 (PpRAP2.4), which activates PpMYB114 expression, by binding to its promoter, thus forming a PpERF9-PpRAP2.4-PpMYB114 regulatory circuit. Furthermore, PpERF9 interacts with the co-repressor PpTOPLESS1 (PpTPL1) via EAR motifs to form a complex that removes the acetyl group on histone H3 and maintains low levels of acetylated H3 in the PpMYB114 and PpRAP2.4 promoter regions. The resulting suppressed expression of these 2 genes leads to decreased anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear. Collectively, these results indicate that ethylene inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis by a mechanism that involves PpERF9-PpTPL1 complex-mediated histone deacetylation of PpMYB114 and PpRAP2.4. The data presented herein will be useful for clarifying the relationship between chromatin status and hormone signaling, with implications for plant biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbei Ni
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Simai Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Liao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Pan
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyan Tao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Songling Bai
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanwen Teng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, the Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572000, People's Republic of China
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22
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Mackon E, Mackon GCJDE, Guo Y, Ma Y, Yao Y, Liu P. Development and Application of CRISPR/Cas9 to Improve Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Plants: Opportunities and Perspectives. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023:111746. [PMID: 37230190 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2012, the novel technology of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has greatly contributed to revolutionizing molecular biology. It has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for identifying gene function and improving some important traits. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites responsible for a wide spectrum of aesthetic coloration in various plant organs and are beneficial for health. As such, increasing anthocyanin content in plants, especially the edible tissue and organs, is always a main goal for plant breeding. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been highly desired to enhance the amount of anthocyanin in vegetables, fruits, cereals, and other attractive plants with more precision. Here we reviewed the recent knowledge concerning CRISPR/Cas9-mediated anthocyanin enhancement in plants. In addition, we addressed the future avenues of promising potential target genes that could be helpful for achieving the same goal using CRISPR/Cas9 in several plants. Thus, molecular biologists, genetic engineers, agricultural scientists, plant geneticists, and physiologists may benefit from CRISPR technology to boost the biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins in fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, roots, and ornamental plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enerand Mackon
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University.
| | | | - Yongqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, P.R. China.
| | - Yafei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, P.R. China.
| | - Yuhang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, P.R. China.
| | - Piqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, P.R. China.
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23
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Fu D, Chen Y, Gao F. Yeast One-Hybrid Screening for Transcription Factors of IbbHLH2 in Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potato. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051042. [PMID: 37239402 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor IbbHLH2 has been identified as involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in purple-flesh sweet potatoes. However, little is known about the upstream transcription regulators of the promoter of IbbHLH2 in terms of their involvement in anthocyanin biosynthesis. For this study, the transcription regulators of the promoter of IbbHLH2 were screened via yeast one-hybrid assays in purple-fleshed sweet potato storage roots. Seven proteins, namely IbERF1, IbERF10, IbEBF2, IbPDC, IbPGP19, IbUR5GT, and IbDRM, were screened as upstream binding proteins of the promoter of IbbHLH2. The interactions between the promoter and these upstream binding proteins were verified using dual-luciferase reporter and yeast two-hybrid assays. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of transcription regulators, transcription factors, and structural genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis of different root stages of purple and white-fleshed sweet potatoes were analyzed via real-time PCR. The obtained results indicate that IbERF1 and IbERF10 are key transcription regulators of the promoter of IbbHLH2 and are involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple-fleshed sweet potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danwen Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510310, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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24
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Liu W, Mei Z, Yu L, Gu T, Li Z, Zou Q, Zhang S, Fang H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang N. The ABA-induced NAC transcription factor MdNAC1 interacts with a bZIP-type transcription factor to promote anthocyanin synthesis in red-fleshed apples. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad049. [PMID: 37200839 PMCID: PMC10186271 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are valuable compounds in red-fleshed apples. The MdMYB10 transcription factor is an important regulator of the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. However, other transcription factors are key components of the complex network controlling anthocyanin synthesis and should be more thoroughly characterized. In this study, we used a yeast-based screening technology to identify MdNAC1 as a transcription factor that positively regulates anthocyanin synthesis. The overexpression of MdNAC1 in apple fruits and calli significantly promoted the accumulation of anthocyanins. In binding experiments, we demonstrated that MdNAC1 combines with the bZIP-type transcription factor MdbZIP23 to activate the transcription of MdMYB10 and MdUFGT. Our analyses also indicated that the expression of MdNAC1 is strongly induced by ABA because of the presence of an ABRE cis-acting element in its promoter. Additionally, the accumulation of anthocyanins in apple calli co-transformed with MdNAC1 and MdbZIP23 increased in the presence of ABA. Therefore, we revealed a novel anthocyanin synthesis mechanism involving the ABA-induced transcription factor MdNAC1 in red-fleshed apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhuoxin Mei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Lei Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Tingting Gu
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qi Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- StateForestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | | | - Nan Wang
- Corresponding authors. E-mails: ;
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25
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Prathap V, Kumar S, Tyagi A. Comparative proteome analysis of phosphorus-responsive genotypes reveals the proteins differentially expressed under phosphorous starvation stress in rice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123760. [PMID: 36812961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P)-deficiency is one of the major nutrient constraints for global rice production. P-deficiency tolerance in rice involves complex regulatory mechanisms. To gain insights into the proteins involved in phosphorus acquisition and use efficiency in rice, proteome analysis of a high-yielding rice cultivar Pusa-44 and its near-isogenic line (NIL)-23 harboring a major phosphorous uptake (Pup1) QTL, grown under control and P-starvation stress, was performed. Comparative proteome profiling of shoot and root tissues from the plants grown hydroponically with P (16 ppm, +P) or without P (0 ppm, -P) resulted in the identification of 681 and 567 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in shoot of Pusa-44 and NIL-23, respectively. Similarly, 66 and 93 DEPs were identified in root of Pusa-44 and NIL-23, respectively. These P-starvation responsive DEPs were annotated to be involved in metabolic processes like photosynthesis, starch-, sucrose-, energy-metabolism, transcription factors (mainly ARF, ZFP, HD-ZIP, MYB), and phytohormone signaling. Comparative analysis of the expression patterns observed by proteome analysis with that reported at the transcriptome level indicated the Pup1 QTL-mediated post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role under -P stress. Thus, the present study describes the molecular aspect of the regulatory functions of Pup1 QTL under P-starvation stress in rice, which might help develop an efficient rice cultivar with enhanced P acquisition and assimilation for better performance in P-deficient soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prathap
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Aruna Tyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
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26
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Li G, Serek M, Gehl C. Physiological changes besides the enhancement of pigmentation in Petunia hybrida caused by overexpression of PhAN2, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:609-627. [PMID: 36690873 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-02983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic expression of PhAN2 in vegetative tissue can improve regeneration and adventitious rooting but inhibit axillary bud outgrowth of petunia, while overexpression specifically in flowers could shorten longevity. Anthocyanin 2 has been only treated as a critical positive regulation factor of anthocyanin biosynthesis in petunia flowers. To determine if this gene had other functions in plant growth, we overexpressed this gene in an an2 mutant petunia cultivar driven by promoters with different strengths or tissue specificity. Various physiological processes of transformants in different growth stages and environments were analyzed. Besides the expected pigmentation improvement in different tissues, the results also showed that ectopic expression of AN2 could improve the regeneration skill but inhibit the axillary bud germination of in vitro plants. Moreover, the rooting ability of shoot tips of transformants was significantly improved, while some transgenic lines' flower longevity was shortened. Gene expression analysis showed that the transcripts level of AN2, partner genes anthocyanin 1 (AN1), anthocyanin 11 (AN11), and target gene dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) was altered in the different transgenic lines. In addition, ethylene biosynthesis-related genes 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS1) and ACC oxidase (ACO1) were upregulated in rooting and flower senescence processes but at different time points. Overall, our data demonstrate that the critical role of this AN2 gene in plant growth physiology may extend beyond that of a single activator of anthocyanin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Floriculture, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Margrethe Serek
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Floriculture, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Gehl
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Floriculture, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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Li Y, Sun Z, Lu J, Jin Z, Li J. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis provide insight into anthocyanin biosynthesis for sepal color formation in Heptacodium miconioides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1044581. [PMID: 36890897 PMCID: PMC9987713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1044581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heptacodium miconioides Rehd., commonly known as "seven-son flower," is an ornamental species with a beautiful flower pattern and persistent sepals. Its sepals are of horticultural value, turning bright red and elongating in the autumn; however, the molecular mechanisms that cause sepal color change remain unclear. We analyzed the dynamic changes in anthocyanin composition in the sepal of H. miconioides at four developmental stages (S1-S4). A total of 41 anthocyanins were detected and classified into 7 major anthocyanin aglycones. High levels of the pigments cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside were responsible for sepal reddening. Transcriptome analysis revealed 15 differentially expressed genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis that were detected between 2 developmental stages. Of these, the high expression of HmANS was considered critical structural gene related to anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in the sepal through co-expression analysis with anthocyanin content. In addition, a transcription factor (TF)-metabolite correlation analysis revealed that three HmMYB, two HmbHLH, two HmWRKY, and two HmNAC TFs exhibited a strong positive role in the regulation of the anthocyanin structural genes (Pearson's correlation coefficient > 0.90). Luciferase activity assay showed that HmMYB114, HmbHLH130, HmWRKY6, and HmNAC1 could activate the promoters of HmCHS4 and HmDFR1 genes in vitro. These findings increase our understanding of anthocyanin metabolism in the sepal of H. miconioides and provide a guide for studies involving sepal color conversion and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhongshuai Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jieyang Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zexin Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Li X, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Yang X, Wei C, Guan J. Ethylene Signal Is Involved in the Regulation of Anthocyanin Accumulation in Flesh of Postharvest Plums ( Prunus salicina Lindl.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:893. [PMID: 36840243 PMCID: PMC9963230 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene is positively correlated with the anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest plum fruit, but the regulation mechanism has not been fully clarified. In this work, the 'Friar' plum fruit under different storage temperatures (0, 10 and 25 °C) and treatments (100.0 μL L-1 ethylene and 1.0 μL L-1 1-MCP) were applied to study the relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and ethylene signal pathway. The fruits stored at 10 °C had higher ethylene production rate and more anthocyanin in flesh than those stored at 0 °C and 25 °C. Ten ethylene biosynthesis associated genes and forty-one ethylene signal transduction related genes were obtained from the previous transcriptome data. Among them, the expression levels of ethylene biosynthesis associated genes (PsACS1, PsACS4 and PsACO1), and ethylene signal transduction related genes (PsERS1s, PsETR2, PsERF1a, and PsERF12) were markedly higher in the fruits stored at 10 °C than those at 0 °C and 25 °C. Exogenous ethylene treatment enhanced while 1-MCP treatment inhibited the anthocyanin accumulation in the flesh under storage at 10 °C. In addition, exogenous ethylene treatment markedly increased the expression levels of PsACS1, PsACS4, PsACO1, PsETR2, PsERF1a, and PsERF12 in the flesh once it turning red, as well as the anthocyanin biosynthesis related genes (PsPAL, PsCHS, PsF3H, PsDRF, PsANS, PsUFGT and PsMYB10), whereas 1-MCP treatment manifested the contrary effects. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between genes expression related to ethylene signal pathway and anthocyanin biosynthesis, except for PsERF11. In conclusion, ethylene signal pathway is involved in the flesh reddening by up-regulating the anthocyanin biosynthesis related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yudou Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xiaohe Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Chuangqi Wei
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Junfeng Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Zhang X, Ma W, Guan X, Wang F, Fan Z, Gao S, Yao Y. VvMYB14 participates in melatonin-induced proanthocyanidin biosynthesis by upregulating expression of VvMYBPA1 and VvMYBPA2 in grape seeds. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac274. [PMID: 37533674 PMCID: PMC10390852 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrated that melatonin increases continuously in seeds, particularly seed coats, during berry ripening. Exogenous melatonin treatments significantly increased the proanthocyanidin (PA) content, partially through ethylene signaling, in seed coats. VvMYB14 expression exhibited patterns similar to melatonin accumulation over time, which was largely induced by melatonin treatment in seed coats during berry ripening. Additionally, VvMYB14 bound to the MBS element of the VvMYBPA1 promoter to activate expression. VvMYB14 overexpression largely upregulated expression of VvMYBPA1, VvMYBPA2 and VvLAR1 and increased the PA content in grape seed-derived calli. Similar increases in AtTT2 and AtBAN expression and PA content were found in VvMYB14-overexpressing Arabidopsis seeds. It was also observed that VvMYB14 overexpression increased ethylene production and thereby induced expression of VvERF104, which bound to the ERF element of the VvMYBPA2 promoter and activated its expression. Additionally, VvERF104 suppression reduced the VvMYB14 overexpression-induced increases in expression of VvMYBPA2 and VvLAR1 and PA content. Further experiments revealed that melatonin-induced increases in the expression of VvMYBPA1, VvMYBPA2, VvERF104 and VvLAR1 and PA accumulation were significantly reduced in VvMYB14-suppressing grape calli and leaves. Collectively, VvMYB14 mediates melatonin-induced PA biosynthesis by directly transactivating VvMYBPA1 expression and indirectly upregulating VvMYBPA2 expression via VvERF104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xueqiang Guan
- Shandong Academy of Grape/Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Wine Grape and Wine, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zongbao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shiwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
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Zhong R, Wei J, Liu B, Luo H, Zhang Z, Pang X, Fang F. Metabolite and Transcriptome Profiles of Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis in the Development of Litchi Fruit. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010532. [PMID: 36613975 PMCID: PMC9820520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Litchi chinensis contains high levels of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in the pericarp. These substances can serve as substrates of laccase-mediated rapid pericarp browning after the fruit is harvested. In this study, we found that the major PAs in litchi pericarp were (-)-epicatechin (EC) and several procyanidins (PCs), primarily PC A2, B2, and B1, and the EC and the PC content decreased with the development of the fruit. RNA-seq analysis showed that 43 early and late structure genes related to flavonoid/PA biosynthesis were expressed in the pericarp, including five ANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE (ANR), two LEUCOANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE (LAR), and two ANTHOCYANIDIN SYNTHASE (ANS) genes functioning in the PA biosynthesis branch of the flavonoid pathway. Among these nine PA biosynthesis-related genes, ANR1a, LAR1/2, and ANS1 were highly positively correlated with changes in the EC/PC content, suggesting that they are the key PA biosynthesis-related genes. Several transcription factor (TF) genes, including MYB, bHLH, WRKY, and AP2 family members, were found to be highly correlated with ANR1a, LAR1/2, and ANS1, and their relevant binding elements were detected in the promoters of these target genes, strongly suggesting that these TF genes may play regulatory roles in PA biosynthesis. In summary, this study identified the candidate key structure and regulatory genes in PA biosynthesis in litchi pericarp, which will assist in understanding the accumulation of high levels of browning-related PA substances in the pericarp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Honghui Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuequn Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Fang Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables/Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.P.); (F.F.)
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Wu Y, Li X, Zhang J, Zhao H, Tan S, Xu W, Pan J, Yang F, Pi E. ERF subfamily transcription factors and their function in plant responses to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042084. [PMID: 36531407 PMCID: PMC9748296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene Responsive Factor (ERF) subfamily comprise the largest number of proteins in the plant AP2/ERF superfamily, and have been most extensively studied on the biological functions. Members of this subfamily have been proven to regulate plant resistances to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, chilling and some other adversities. Under these stresses, ERFs are usually activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase induced phosphorylation or escape from ubiquitin-ligase enzymes, and then form complex with nucleic proteins before binding to cis-element in promoter regions of stress responsive genes. In this review, we will discuss the phylogenetic relationships among the ERF subfamily proteins, summarize molecular mechanism how the transcriptional activity of ERFs been regulated and how ERFs of different subgroup regulate the transcription of stress responsive genes, such as high-affinity K+ transporter gene PalHKT1;2, reactive oxygen species related genes LcLTP, LcPrx, and LcRP, flavonoids synthesis related genes FtF3H and LhMYBSPLATTER, etc. Though increasing researches demonstrate that ERFs are involved in various abiotic stresses, very few interact proteins and target genes of them have been comprehensively annotated. Hence, future research prospects are described on the mechanisms of how stress signals been transited to ERFs and how ERFs regulate the transcriptional expression of stress responsive genes.
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32
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Zhou X, Liu S, Yang Y, Liu J, Zhuang Y. Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Regulatory Network of Fruit Peel Pigmentation in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113475. [PMID: 36362258 PMCID: PMC9657510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The color of fruit peel is an economically important character of eggplant, and black-purple eggplant has received much attention for being rich in anthocyanin. However, the reason why different fruit peel colors form in eggplant is not well understood. In the present study, an integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome profiles was performed in five eggplant varieties with different fruit colors. A total of 260 flavonoids were identified, and most of them showed significantly higher abundance in black-purple varieties than in other varieties. The transcriptome analysis indicated the activation of early phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes (SmPAL, SmC4H, and Sm4CL) was more responsible for anthocyanin accumulation, while SmF3′5′H was the key factor for the formation of a purple color. Furthermore, two transcription factors, SmGL2 and SmGATA26, were identified as new hub genes associated with anthocyanin accumulation. The silencing of SmGL2 and SmGATA26 reduced anthocyanin accumulation in eggplant fruit peels, suggesting the possible involvement of SmGL2 and SmGATA26 in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, the pathway of plant hormone signal transduction was significantly enriched, indicating that phytohormones may cooperatively interact to modulate flavonoid biosynthesis. This study provides comprehensive information of flavonoid metabolites and new insights into the regulatory network of fruit coloration, which might be useful for the molecular breeding of eggplant.
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Yi N, Yang H, Zhang X, Pian R, Li H, Zeng W, Wu AM. The physiological and transcriptomic study of secondary growth in Neolamarckia cadamba stimulated by the ethylene precursor ACC. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 190:35-46. [PMID: 36096025 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Though many biological roles of ethylene have been investigated intensively, the molecular mechanism of ethylene's action in woody plants remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the precursor of ethylene, on the growth of Neolamarckia cadamba seedlings, a fast-growing tropical tree. After 14 days of ACC treatment, the plants showed a reduced physiological morphology while stem diameter increased; however, this did not occur after the addition of 1-MCP. Meanwhile, the lignin content of N. cadamba also increased. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of the ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes ACC oxidase (ACO) and ethylene insensitive 3 (EIN3) were up-regulated mainly at the 6th hour and the 3rd day of the ACC treatment, respectively. The transcription levels of transcription factors, mainly in the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), ethylene response factor (ERF), WRKY and v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) families, involved in the ethylene signaling and secondary growth also increased significantly. Furthermore, in accordance to the increased lignification of the stem, the transcriptional level of key enzymes in the phenylalanine pathway were elevated after the ACC treatment. Our results revealed the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the secondary growth stimulated by exogenous ACC treatment on N. cadamba seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haoqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ruiqi Pian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Induced by MYB Transcription Factors in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911701. [PMID: 36233003 PMCID: PMC9570290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins act as polyphenolic pigment that is ubiquitously found in plants. Anthocyanins play a role not only in health-promoting as an antioxidant, but also in protection against all kinds of abiotic and biotic stresses. Most recent studies have found that MYB transcription factors (MYB TFs) could positively or negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. Understanding the roles of MYB TFs is essential in elucidating how MYB TFs regulate the accumulation of anthocyanin. In the review, we summarized the signaling pathways medicated by MYB TFs during anthocyanin biosynthesis including jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway, cytokinins (CKs) signaling pathway, temperature-induced, light signal, 26S proteasome pathway, NAC TFs, and bHLH TFs. Moreover, structural and regulator genes induced by MYB TFs, target genes bound and activated or suppressed by MYB TFs, and crosstalk between MYB TFs and other proteins, were found to be vitally important in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. In this study, we focus on the recent knowledge concerning the regulator signaling and mechanism of MYB TFs on anthocyanin biosynthesis, covering the signaling pathway, genes expression, and target genes and protein expression.
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35
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Kumar S, Molloy C, Hunt M, Deng CH, Wiedow C, Andre C, Dare A, McGhie T. GWAS provides new insights into the genetic mechanisms of phytochemicals production and red skin colour in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac218. [PMID: 36479587 PMCID: PMC9720448 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic architecture of apple phytochemicals, and their interplay with conventional selection traits, is critical for the development of new apple cultivars with enhanced health benefits. Apple accessions (n = 344) used for this genome-wide association study (GWAS) represented the wide diversity of metabolic profiles in the domesticated and wild Malus genepools. Fruit samples were phenotyped for 34 metabolites, including a stable vitamin C glycoside "ascorbic acid 2-β-glucoside" (AA-2βG), and the accessions were genotyped using the Apple 20 K SNP Array. Several fruit quality traits, including red skin over-colour (OCOL), were also assessed. Wild Malus accessions showed at least 2-fold higher average content of several metabolites (e.g. ascorbic acid, chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, and trilobatin) than Malus domestica accessions. Several new genomic regions and potential candidate genes underpinning the genetic diversity of apple phytochemicals were identified. The percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the best SNP ranged between 3% and 21% for the different metabolites. Novel association signals for OCOL in the syntenic regions on chromosomes 13 and 16 suggested that whole genome duplication has played a role in the evolution of apple red skin colour. Genetic correlations between phytochemicals and sensory traits were moderate. This study will assist in the selection of Malus accessions with specific phytochemical profiles to establish innovative genomics-based breeding strategies for the development of apple cultivars with enhanced nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Molloy
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hawke’s Bay Research Centre, Havelock North 4130, New Zealand
| | - Martin Hunt
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Cecilia Hong Deng
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Claudia Wiedow
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Christelle Andre
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Dare
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mount Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Tony McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North Research Centre, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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Cheng C, Guo Z, Li H, Mu X, Wang P, Zhang S, Yang T, Cai H, Wang Q, Lü P, Zhang J. Integrated metabolic, transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses provide novel insights into the competition for anthocyanins and flavonols biosynthesis during fruit ripening in red apple. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:975356. [PMID: 36212335 PMCID: PMC9540549 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.975356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is accompanied by a wide range of metabolites and global changes in gene expression that are regulated by various factors. In this study, we investigated the molecular differences in red apple 'Hongmantang' fruits at three ripening stages (PS1, PS5 and PS9) through a comprehensive analysis of metabolome, transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. Totally, we identified 341 and 195 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in comparison I (PS5_vs_PS1) and comparison II (PS9_vs_PS5), including 57 and 23 differentially accumulated flavonoids (DAFs), respectively. Intriguingly, among these DAFs, anthocyanins and flavonols showed opposite patterns of variation, suggesting a possible competition between their biosynthesis. To unveil the underlying mechanisms, RNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq analyses were performed. A total of 852 DEGs significantly enriched in anthocyanin metabolism and 128 differential accessible regions (DARs) significantly enriched by MYB-related motifs were identified as up-regulated in Comparison I but down-regulated in Comparison II. Meanwhile, the 843 DEGs significantly enriched in phenylalanine metabolism and the 364 DARs significantly enriched by bZIP-related motifs showed opposite trends. In addition, four bZIPs and 14 MYBs were identified as possible hub genes regulating the biosynthesis of flavonols and anthocyanins. Our study will contribute to the understanding of anthocyanins and flavonols biosynthesis competition in red apple fruits during ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Horticulture, FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Mu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Tingzhen Yang
- Fruit Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Huacheng Cai
- Fruit Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Fruit Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Peitao Lü
- College of Horticulture, FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
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Wang M, Tang W, Xiang L, Chen X, Shen X, Yin C, Mao Z. Involvement of MdWRKY40 in the defense of mycorrhizal apple against fusarium solani. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:385. [PMID: 35918651 PMCID: PMC9344649 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03753-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is an important economic crop. The pathological effects of Fusarium solani, a species complex of soilborne pathogens, on the root systems of apple plants was unknown. It was unclear how mycorrhizal apple seedlings resist infection by F. solani. The transcriptional profiles of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants infected by F. solani were compared using RNA-Seq. RESULTS Infection with F. solani significantly reduced the dry weight of apple roots, and the roots of mycorrhizal apple plants were less damaged when the plants were infected with F. solani. They also had enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and a reduction in the oxidation of membrane lipids. A total of 1839 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained after mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal apple plants were infected with F. solani. A gene ontogeny (GO) analysis showed that most of the DEGs were involved in the binding of ADP and calcium ions. In addition, based on a MapMan analysis, a large number of DEGs were found to be involved in the response of mycorrhizal plants to stress. Among them, the overexpressed transcription factor MdWRKY40 significantly improved the resistance of the apple 'Orin' callus to F. solani and the expression of the resistance gene MdGLU by binding the promoter of MdGLU. CONCLUSION This paper outlines how the inoculation of apple seedlings roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi responded to infection with F. solani at the transcriptional level. In addition, MdWRKY40 played an important role in the resistance of mycorrhizal apple seedlings to infection with F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Weixiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengmiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiquan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Su M, Zuo W, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhang Z, Wang N, Chen X. The WKRY transcription factor MdWRKY75 regulates anthocyanins accumulation in apples ( Malus domestica). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:799-809. [PMID: 35577345 DOI: 10.1071/fp21146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins play important roles in plant secondary metabolism. Although previous studies have identified many transcription factors (TFs) that participate in the synthetic pathway of anthocyanins, the regulation mechanism of the pathway remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a WRKY Group IIc TF, MdWRKY75, which contained a typical WRKYGQK heptapeptide sequence and a C2 H2 -zinc finger structure. Subcellular localisation assays found that MdWRKY75 was located in the nucleus. Overexpression of MdWRKY75 promoted the accumulation of anthocyanins in apple (Malus domestica L.) 'Orin' calli. MdWRKY75 mainly stimulated the accumulation of anthocyanins by binding to the promoter of MYB transcription factor, MdMYB1 . Our research could provide new insights into how WRKY TFs regulate the accumulation of anthocyanins in apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Weifang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai-An, China
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Liu W, Chen Z, Jiang S, Wang Y, Fang H, Zhang Z, Chen X, Wang N. Research Progress on Genetic Basis of Fruit Quality Traits in Apple ( Malus × domestica). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:918202. [PMID: 35909724 PMCID: PMC9330611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the genetic variation characteristics of phenotypic traits is important for fruit tree breeding. During the long-term evolution of fruit trees, gene recombination and natural mutation have resulted in a high degree of heterozygosity. Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) shows strong ecological adaptability and is widely cultivated, and is among the most economically important fruit crops worldwide. However, the high level of heterozygosity and large genome of apple, in combination with its perennial life history and long juvenile phase, complicate investigation of the genetic basis of fruit quality traits. With continuing augmentation in the apple genomic resources available, in recent years important progress has been achieved in research on the genetic variation of fruit quality traits. This review focuses on summarizing recent genetic studies on apple fruit quality traits, including appearance, flavor, nutritional, ripening, and storage qualities. In addition, we discuss the mapping of quantitative trait loci, screening of molecular markers, and mining of major genes associated with fruit quality traits. The overall aim of this review is to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of genetic variation and molecular breeding of important fruit quality traits in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai’an, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai’an, China
| | - Shenghui Jiang
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai’an, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai’an, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Tai’an, China
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Xu Y, Liu X, Huang Y, Xia Z, Lian Z, Qian L, Yan S, Cao B, Qiu Z. Ethylene Inhibits Anthocyanin Biosynthesis by Repressing the R2R3-MYB Regulator SlAN2-like in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147648. [PMID: 35887009 PMCID: PMC9316371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit ripening is usually accompanied by anthocyanin accumulation. Ethylene is key in ripening-induced anthocyanin production in many fruits. However, the effects of fruit ripening and ethylene on anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple tomato fruits are unclear. This study shows that bagged fruits of the purple tomato cultivar ‘Indigo Rose’ failed to produce anthocyanins at the red ripening stage after bag removal. In contrast, the bagged immature fruits accumulated a significant amount of anthocyanins after removing the bags. The transcriptomic analyses between immature and red ripening fruit before and after bag removal revealed that anthocyanin-related genes, including the key positive R2R3-MYB regulator SlAN2-like, were repressed in the red ripening fruit. The 86 identified transcription factors, including 13 AP2/ERF, 7 bZIP, 8 bHLH and 6 MYB, showed significantly different expressions between immature and red ripening fruits. Moreover, subjecting bagged immature fruits to exogenous ethylene treatment significantly inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and the expression of anthocyanin-related genes, including the anthocyanin structure genes and SlAN2-like. Thus, ethylene inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis by repressing the transcription of SlAN2-like and other anthocyanin-related genes. These findings provide new insights into anthocyanin regulation in purple tomato fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Xu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology Research of Vegetable, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Yinggemei Huang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zhilei Xia
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zilin Lian
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Lijuan Qian
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
| | - Bihao Cao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (Z.Q.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-0228 (Z.Q. & B.C.)
| | - Zhengkun Qiu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.X.); (Z.L.); (L.Q.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.); (Z.Q.); Tel.: +86-20-8528-0228 (Z.Q. & B.C.)
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41
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Farcuh M, Tajima H, Lerno LA, Blumwald E. Changes in ethylene and sugar metabolism regulate flavonoid composition in climacteric and non-climacteric plums during postharvest storage. FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 4:100075. [PMID: 35415701 PMCID: PMC8991838 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene metabolism regulated flavonoid (and sugar) contents and composition. Ethylene induced anthocyanin and reduced flavonol and flavan-3-ols in plum fruit. Anthocyanins positively correlate with sucrose and galactose metabolic pathways. Flavonol and flavan-3-ols associated with sorbitol, fructose, and glucose contents.
Plums are rich in flavonoids, key contributors to fruit coloration and putative health benefits. We studied the impact of changes in ethylene and sugars in flavonoid metabolism-related pathways of the climacteric Santa Rosa and its non-climacteric mutant Sweet Miriam, throughout the postharvest period. Fruits were harvested at optimal maturity, subjected to ethylene treatments, and evaluated during storage. We examined transcript profiles of structural and regulatory genes of flavonoid-related pathways and their associated metabolites in skin and flesh, integrated with multivariate analyses of ethylene and sugar metabolism. Ethylene treatments were positively correlated with anthocyanin and negatively correlated with flavonol and flavan-3-ol metabolism. Sucrose and galactose were positively associated with anthocyanin concentration, while sorbitol, fructose, glucose and minor sugars were correlated with flavonol and flavan-3-ol metabolism. Our results support the notion that ethylene is playing key roles in shifting plum fruit flavonoid profiles, which are also associated with changes in fruit sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Farcuh
- Dept of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, 4291 Fieldhouse Dr, 2116 Plant Science Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Hiromi Tajima
- Dept of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Larry A. Lerno
- Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Dept of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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42
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Wang S, Li LX, Fang Y, Li D, Mao Z, Zhu Z, Chen XS, Feng SQ. MdERF1B-MdMYC2 module integrates ethylene and jasmonic acid to regulate the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac142. [PMID: 36072842 PMCID: PMC9437725 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene and jasmonic acid (JA) are crucial hormones that promote anthocyanin synthesis in apple (Malus × domestica). However, the mechanism by which these hormones cooperate to modulate anthocyanin production in apple is unclear. According to our results, MdERF1B expression was strongly induced by ethylene and JA. Physiological phenotypes and the results of molecular biological analyses indicated that MdERF1B encodes a positive regulator of anthocyanin synthesis. Specifically, MdERF1B was capable of combining directly with the MdMYC2 promoter to promote gene expression. Additionally, MdERF1B interacted with two JA signaling pathway inhibitors, namely MdJAZ5 and MdJAZ10. The MdERF1B-MdJAZ5/10 protein complex decreased the ability of MdERF1B to activate the MdMYC2 promoter. Furthermore, MdEIL1, which is a crucial protein for ethylene signal transduction, was observed to bind directly to the MdERF1B promoter, thereby upregulating gene expression. These results suggest that MdERF1B is a core gene responsive to JA and ethylene signals. The encoded protein, together with MdMYC2, MdJAZ5/10, and MdEIL1, modulates anthocyanin synthesis in apple. This study clarifies the synergistic mechanism by which JA and ethylene regulate anthocyanin production in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Li-Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yue Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zuolin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zihao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
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43
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Fang X, Zhang L, Wang L. The Transcription Factor MdERF78 Is Involved in ALA-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Apples. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:915197. [PMID: 35720608 PMCID: PMC9201628 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.915197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
As a friendly plant growth regulator to the environment, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has been widely used in plant production, such as fruit coloration, stress resistance, and so on. Previous studies have identified some genes that have a function in the anthocyanin accumulation induced by ALA. However, the regulatory mechanism has not been well revealed. In the current study, we proposed that an ALA-responsive transcription factor, MdERF78, regulated anthocyanin accumulation. MdERF78, overexpressed in apple peels or calli, resulted in a significant increase of anthocyanins, while MdERF78 interference had an opposite trend. Furthermore, the anthocyanin accumulation induced by MdERF78 overexpression was enhanced by exogenous ALA treatment, suggesting that MdERF78 was involved in the ALA-induced anthocyanin accumulation. Yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase reporter assays revealed that MdERF78 bound to the promoters of MdF3H and MdANS directly and activated their expressions. Additionally, MdERF78 interacted with MdMYB1 and enhanced the transcriptional activity of MdMYB1 to its target gene promoters. Based on these, it can be concluded that MdERF78 has a positive function in ALA-induced anthocyanin accumulation via the MdERF78-MdF3Hpro/MdANSpro and MdERF78-MdMYB1-MdDFRpro/MdUFGTpro/MdGSTF12pro regulatory network. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of ALA-promoted anthocyanin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liangju Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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44
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Li L, Li X, Yang C, Cheng Y, Cai Z, Nian H, Ma Q. GsERF1 enhances Arabidopsis thaliana aluminum tolerance through an ethylene-mediated pathway. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:258. [PMID: 35610574 PMCID: PMC9128276 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene response factor (ERF) transcription factors constitute a subfamily of the AP2/ERF superfamily in plants and play multiple roles in plant growth and development as well as in stress responses. In this study, the GsERF1 gene from the wild soybean BW69 line (an Al-resistant Glycine soja line) was rapidly induced in response to aluminum stress. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the GsERF1 gene maintained a constitutive expression pattern and was induced in soybean in response to aluminum stress, with increased amounts of transcripts detected in the roots. The putative GsERF1 protein, which contains an AP2 domain, was located in the nucleus and maintained transactivation activity. In addition, under AlCl3 treatment, GsERF1 overexpression increased the relative growth rate of the roots of Arabidopsis and weakened the hematoxylin staining of hairy roots. Ethylene synthesis-related genes such as ACS4, ACS5 and ACS6 were upregulated in GsERF1 transgenic lines compared with the wild type under AlCl3 treatment. Furthermore, the expression levels of stress/ABA-responsive marker genes, including ABI1, ABI2, ABI4, ABI5 and RD29B, in the GsERF1 transgenic lines were affected by AlCl3 treatment, unlike those in the wild type. Taken together, the results indicated that overexpression of GsERF1 may enhance aluminum tolerance of Arabidopsis through an ethylene-mediated pathway and/or ABA signaling pathway, the findings of which lay a foundation for breeding soybean plants tolerant to aluminum stress.
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Grants
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 2016ZX08004002-007 the Major Project of New Varieties Cultivation of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 31771816, 31971965 the National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 4100-C17106, 21301091702101 the Special Supervision on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- 2018YFE0116900 the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- CARS-04-PS09 the China Agricultural Research System
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 2020B020220008 the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- 201804020015 the Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou
- the Key Projects of International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation among Governments under National Key R & D Plan
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Nian
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qibin Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
- Zengcheng Teaching and Research Base, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Chen M, Gu H, Wang L, Shao Y, Li R, Li W. Exogenous Ethylene Promotes Peel Color Transformation by Regulating the Degradation of Chlorophyll and Synthesis of Anthocyanin in Postharvest Mango Fruit. Front Nutr 2022; 9:911542. [PMID: 35669069 PMCID: PMC9165547 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.911542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to geographical location and climatic factors, postharvest storage and preservation of tropical fruits and vegetables are still facing huge challenges. Ethephon (ETH) is widely used as an ethylene donor to achieve the commercial color and flavor of climacteric fruits. However, the effect of ETH on fruit coloration was affected by many factors, such as fruit species, plant hormones, and storage conditions. In this study, the main mango variety “Guifei” in Hainan, China, was used to study the effects of different concentrations of ETH on fruit ripening and coloration during storage at 25°C. Results showed that postharvest treatment with ETH (300, 500, and 900 mg·L−1) enhanced the activities of ACS and ACO, stimulated the release of endogenous ethylene, and accelerated fruit softening and color transformation. Compared with control, ETH treatment not only accelerated the breakdown of chlorophyll with higher activities of Chlase and MDCase but also induced the synthesis of carotenoid and anthocyanin with higher activities of PAL, CHI, DFR, and UFGT. Moreover, the changes in DFR and UFGT activities coincided with the increase in ETH concentration. Further, correlation analysis showed that the production of endogenous ethylene induced by ETH was significantly negatively correlated with firmness and chlorophyll content, whereas positively correlated with MDA content and anthocyanin content. This study suggests that the positive effect of ETH on “Guifei” mango color transformation is concentration-dependent within a certain concentration range. Anthocyanin is the main pigment for the red formation of “Guifei” mango, and DFR and UFGT may play critical roles in anthocyanin synthesis. ETH promoted the red coloration by promoting the release of endogenous ethylene and enhancing the activities of anthocyanin synthesis enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Chen
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuanzhi Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Li
| | - Wen Li
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Wen Li
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Su M, Wang S, Liu W, Yang M, Zhang Z, Wang N, Chen X. MdJa2 Participates in the Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathway to Regulate the Synthesis of Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin in Red-Fleshed Apple. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830349. [PMID: 35615132 PMCID: PMC9125324 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin play important roles in plant secondary metabolism. Although previous studies identified many transcription factors involved in anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin synthesis, the effects of MADS-box transcription factors are unclear in apple. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that affect plant flavonoid biosynthesis, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is not yet well established. In this study, we identified a MADS-box transcription factor, MdJa2, which contained a highly conserved MADS-box domain and belonged to the STMADS11 subfamily. Additionally, MdJa2 was responsive to BR signal, and the overexpression of MdJa2 inhibited the synthesis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin. The silencing of MdJa2 in "Orin" calli promoted anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulations. Moreover, MdJa2 interacted with MdBZR1. MdJa2 was revealed to independently regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin synthesis pathways. The MdJa2-MdBZR1 complex enhanced the binding of MdJa2 to the promoters of downstream target genes. Our research provides new insights into how MADS-box transcription factors in the BR signaling pathway control the accumulations of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin in red-fleshed apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Continuing Education, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
| | - Xuesen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai’an, China
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Transcriptome Analysis of Apples in High-Temperature Treatments Reveals a Role of MdLBD37 in the Inhibition of Anthocyanin Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073766. [PMID: 35409122 PMCID: PMC8998508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coloring in apple fruit due to anthocyanin accumulation is inhibited by high temperature; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents were determined and compared between cv. ‘Redchief Delicious’ apple fruits at 25 °C and 35 °C treatments. The high temperature (35 °C) treatment substantially decreased total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents. The transcriptomes of 25 °C- and 35 °C-treated apples were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 8354 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected at four time points corresponding to the two temperature treatments. The up-regulated DEGs were annotated using GO as well as KEGG databases. A network module of 528 genes (including 21 transcription factors) most associated with the total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents was constructed by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). In the WGCNA module, we unearthed a LOB domain-containing gene designated as MdLBD37. The expression of MdLBD37 was sharply up-regulated by high temperature and negatively correlated with the total anthocyanin and cyanidin 3-galactoside contents. Overexpression of MdLBD37 in apple fruit and calli decreased the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, such as MdCHI, MdCHS, MdF3H, MdANS, MdDFR, and MdUFGT, along with anthocyanin accumulation. Our results suggested that MdLBD37 significantly influenced the high-temperature inhibition of anthocyanin accumulation in apples. The findings shed more light on the mechanism of anthocyanin inhibition during high-temperature stress in apples.
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Lv YQ, Li D, Wu LY, Zhu YM, Ye Y, Zheng XQ, Lu JL, Liang YR, Li QS, Ye JH. Sugar signal mediates flavonoid biosynthesis in tea leaves. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac049. [PMID: 35591928 PMCID: PMC9113228 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sugar metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis vary with the development of tea leaves. In order to understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying the associations between them, a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of naturally growing tea leaves at different stages of maturity was carried out. Based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis, the key gene modules (Modules 2 and 3) related to the varying relationship between sugar metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis as well as the corresponding hub genes were obtained. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis showed that the transcription factors (TFs) in Modules 2 and 3 were mainly enriched in the pathway of plant hormone signal transduction. An in vitro study showed that the transcriptional levels of ERF1B-like TF for hexokinase inhibitor and sucrose treatments were upregulated, being respectively 28.1- and 30.2-fold higher than in the control, suggesting that ERF1B-like TFs participate in the sugar-induced regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. The results of yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that CsF3'H, encoding flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, was the target flavonoid biosynthetic gene for CsERF1B-like TF. Our study identified the potential key regulators participating in the metabolism of sugars and flavonoids, providing new insights into the crosstalk between sugar metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qing Lv
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Da Li
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 298 Deshengzhong Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Liang-Yu Wu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhu
- Ningbo Yinzhou District Agricultural Technical Extension Station, 55 Huifengxi Road, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Qiang Zheng
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Liang Lu
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yue-Rong Liang
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Li
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 298 Deshengzhong Road, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jian-Hui Ye
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Sun S, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Feng J, Liu C, Yang J. Leaf Coloration in Acer palmatum Is Associated with a Positive Regulator ApMYB1 with Potential for Breeding Color-Leafed Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:759. [PMID: 35336641 PMCID: PMC8955597 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation is closely associated with tissue/organ coloring in plants. To gain insight into the physiological and molecular mechanisms of leaf coloring in Acer palmatum, a deciduous tree during autumnal senescence, we first investigated concentration dynamics of pigments (i.e., chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin) in leaves with differential coloring. It was found that compared to green leaves (GN), anthocyanins were accumulated actively in semi-red (SR) and total-red (TR) leaves, accompanied with chlorophyll and carotenoid degradation. Then transcriptional profiling on GN and SR leaves identified thousands of transcripts with differential expression in SR compared to GN leaves. An annotation search showed that the entire flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway from the production of naringenin chalcone to modification of flavonoid backbone was extensively activated at the transcriptional level in SR leaves. Phylogenetic analysis of putative MYB proteins identified ApMYB1 as a putative regulator promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis. Expression of ApMYB1 in leaves was induced by exogenous hormones including abscisic acid. Stable overexpression of ApMYB1 in tobacco resulted in leaves with higher accumulation of anthocyanins. Collectively, our results identified ApMYB1 as a positive regulator associated with leaf coloring in Acer palmatum during autumnal senescence, which may be regarded a potential target for breeding color-leafed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujing Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Yongfan Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
| | - Jianyuan Feng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
- School of Health, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an 223005, China
| | - Changlai Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiading Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (S.S.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (J.F.); (C.L.)
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50
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Mao Y, Yin Y, Cui X, Wang H, Su X, Qin X, Liu Y, Hu Y, Shen X. Homologous Cloning of Potassium Channel Genes From the Superior Apple Rootstock Line 12-2, Which is Tolerant to Apple Replant Disease. Front Genet 2022; 13:803160. [PMID: 35154275 PMCID: PMC8826240 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.803160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels are important ion channels that are responsible for the absorption of potassium in the plant nutrient uptake system. In this study, we used homologous molecular cloning to obtain 8 K+ channel genes from the superior apple rootstock line 12-2 (self-named): MsAKT1-1, MsKAT3-2, MsKAT1-3, MsK2P3-4, MsK2P3-5, MsK2P5-6, MsK2P3-7, and MsK2P3-8. Their lengths varied from 942 bp (MsK2P5-6) to 2625 bp (MsAKT1-1), and the number of encoded amino acids varied from 314 (MsK2P5-6) to 874 (MsAKT1-1). Subcellular localization predictions showed that MsAKT1-1, MsKAT3-2, and MsKAT1-3 were localized on the plasma membrane, and MsK2P3-4, MsK2P3-5, MsK2P5-6, MsK2P3-7, and MsK2P3-8 were localized on the vacuole and plasma membrane. The 8 K+ channel proteins contained α helices, extended strands, β turns, and random coils. MsKAT1-3 had four transmembrane structures, MsKAT3-2 had six, and the other six K+ channel genes had five. Protein structure domain analysis showed that MsAKT1-1 contained nine protein domains, followed by MsKAT3-2 with four, MsKAT1-3 with three, and the other five two-pore domain K+ channel proteins with two. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR detection of the K+ channel genes showed that their expression levels were high in roots. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of the 8 genes changed after exposure to ARD stress. The above results provide a theoretical basis for further research on the functions of potassium channel genes in 12-2 and a scientific basis for the breeding of ARD-resistant rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yijun Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xueli Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - XiaFei Su
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xin Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yangbo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yanli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiang Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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