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Choi S, Kim S, Lee H. Factors Affecting Inpatients' Mortality through Intentional Self-Harm at In-Hospitals in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3095. [PMID: 36833790 PMCID: PMC9965832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the patient characteristics, comorbidities, risk factors, and means of the self-harm of patients who attempt self-harm in and outside of a hospital, and to determine the characteristics of death by suicide among survival and death patient groups in South Korea. This study used data from the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey conducted from 2007 to 2019. In total, 7192 outpatient participants and 43 inpatient participants performed self-harm. Frequency analysis, chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression analysis were performed using STATA, version 15.0 (StataCorp), and statistical significance was set at 5%. Thirty-one inpatients who performed self-harm survived, and 12 died. Among male inpatients, the older they were, the higher the rates of self-harm and mortality rates due to falls and poisoning if they had comorbidities and financial problems. In addition, the rate of self-harm attempts within a short period after hospitalization was high. Our evidence of the characteristics of patients who performed self-harm in the hospital and the influencing factors of self-harm can be used as primary data for predicting patients at a high risk of self-harm and for creating preventative policies to reduce the risk of self-harm among inpatients in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulki Choi
- College of Applied Health Science, Biomedical Health Information Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sangmi Kim
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsook Lee
- Department of Health Administration, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Singwan-dong, Gongju-si 32588, Republic of Korea
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Oates A, Gibbons R. After a patient dies by suicide: an illustrative case for trainee psychiatrists and trainers. BJPsych Bull 2022; 46:293-297. [PMID: 34782031 PMCID: PMC9768523 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2021.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging experiences psychiatrists will face in their careers may well be the death of a patient by suicide. This is likely to happen at least once during a psychiatrist's career, and often more. It can be an intensely complex and painful event with a wide range of emotional responses. Reflecting on the death and accessing good support helps clinicians process the emotional impact. It can also increase their resilience in the longer term by giving them a greater understanding of both their own and their patients' limitations, and in this way strengthen their capacity for compassion as clinicians. Using an illustrative case study, this article provides an insight into the experience of losing a patient to suicide and signposts to sources of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Oates
- Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
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Fuller-Thomson E, Rivière RN, Carrique L, Agbeyaka S. The Dark Side of ADHD: Factors Associated With Suicide Attempts Among Those With ADHD in a National Representative Canadian Sample. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:1122-1140. [PMID: 33345733 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1856258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the prevalence and odds of suicide attempts among adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to those without and identified factors associated with suicide attempts among adults with ADHD. METHODS Secondary analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (CCHS-MH) (n = 21,744 adults, of whom 529 had ADHD). Respondents were asked whether they received an ADHD diagnosis from a health care professional. Lifetime suicide attempt was based on self-report. RESULTS Adults with ADHD were much more likely to have attempted suicide than those without (14.0% vs. 2.7%). One in four women with ADHD have attempted suicide. Sixty percent of the association between ADHD and attempted suicide was attenuated when lifetime history of depression and anxiety disorders were taken into account. Female gender, lower education attainment, substance abuse, lifetime history of depression, and childhood exposure to chronic parental domestic violence were found to be independent correlates of lifetime suicide attempts among those with ADHD. CONCLUSION These findings can inform targeted screening and outreach to the most vulnerable adults with ADHD.
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Ati NAL, Paraswati MD, Windarwati HD. What are the risk factors and protective factors of suicidal behavior in adolescents? A systematic review. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2020; 34:7-18. [DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niken A. L. Ati
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia
| | - Mareta D. Paraswati
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia
| | - Heni D. Windarwati
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia
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Cenderadewi M, Franklin RC, Peden AE, Devine S. Fatal intentional drowning in Australia: A systematic literature review of rates and risk factors. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231861. [PMID: 32442177 PMCID: PMC7244177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unintentional drowning deaths are only part of the drowning profile, with little attention being paid to intentional drowning in Australia. Strategies for the prevention of intentional drowning deaths are likely to be different from unintentional. Quality documentation, analysis and dissemination of intentional deaths data is crucial for developing appropriate strategies for prevention. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the mortality rates and risk factors of intentional drowning deaths in Australia. METHODS A systematic search guided by PRISMA was performed using Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO (ProQuest), Scopus, Google Scholar, and BioMed Central databases to locate relevant original research articles published between 2007 and 2018. RESULTS Ten papers reporting the mortality rates and risk factors of intentional drowning deaths in Australia published between 2007 and 2018, with study periods of the included articles spanning from 1907 to 2012, were reviewed. Most studies investigated suicidal drowning deaths in Australia, none reported homicidal drowning deaths. The downward trend of fatal suicide drowning was identified in Australia. The annual rate of intentional drowning between 1994 and 2012 can be inferred from eight studies, ranging from 0.06 to 0.21 for nation-wide mortality rates. The highest annual state-wide mortality rate was identified in the state of Queensland, ranging from 0.02 to 0.11 per 100,000 individuals. Of four studies examining the risk factors of fatal intentional drowning in Australia, being of older age groups, being female, and the presence of substance use were identified as important factors for suicidal drowning deaths. The national-scale proportion of suicide drowning in Australia, ranging from 2% to 3% of all intentional self-harm deaths, was also identified. CONCLUSION Limited publications reporting the mortality rates and risk factors of intentional drowning deaths in Australia were identified. Being of older age groups and being female were recognised as factors for suicide drowning deaths, and psychoactive substances were widely identified amongst cases. Future research on improving death reporting systems and the legal framework for medico-legal death investigation, along with the investigation of the risk factors of intentional drowning, are required to inform the planning, implementation, and evaluation of prevention interventions for intentional drowning deaths in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthia Cenderadewi
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Richard C. Franklin
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Royal Life Saving Society—Australia, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Amy E. Peden
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Royal Life Saving Society—Australia, Sydney, Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sue Devine
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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Li A, Jiao D, Liu X, Sun J, Zhu T. A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Responses to Live-Stream Suicides on Social Media. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2848. [PMID: 31404975 PMCID: PMC6719129 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Live-stream suicide has become an emerging public health problem in many countries. Regular users are often the first to witness and respond to such suicides, emphasizing their impact on the success of crisis intervention. In order to reduce the likelihood of suicide deaths, this paper aims to use psycholinguistic analysis methods to facilitate automatic detection of negative expressions in responses to live-stream suicides on social media. In this paper, a total of 7212 comments posted on suicide-related messages were collected and analyzed. First, a content analysis was performed to investigate the nature of each comment (negative or not). Second, the simplified Chinese version of the LIWC software was used to extract 75 psycholinguistic features from each comment. Third, based on 19 selected key features, four classification models were established to differentiate between comments with and without negative expressions. Results showed that 19.55% of 7212 comments were recognized as "making negative responses". Among the four classification models, the highest values of Precision, Recall, F-Measure, and Screening Efficacy reached 69.8%, 85.9%, 72.9%, and 47.1%, respectively. This paper confirms the need for campaigns to reduce negative responses to live-stream suicides and support the use of psycholinguistic analysis methods to improve suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2031, Australia.
| | - Dongdong Jiao
- National Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiumo Sun
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tingshao Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Seeman MV. Women who suffer from schizophrenia: Critical issues. World J Psychiatry 2018; 8:125-136. [PMID: 30425943 PMCID: PMC6230925 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v8.i5.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many brain diseases, including schizophrenia, affect men and women unequally - either more or less frequently, or at different times in the life cycle, or to varied degrees of severity. With updates from recent findings, this paper reviews the work of my research group over the last 40 years and underscores issues that remain critical to the optimal care of women with schizophrenia, issues that overlap with, but are not identical to, the cares and concerns of men with the same diagnosis. Clinicians need to be alert not only to the overarching needs of diagnostic groups, but also to the often unique needs of women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON M5P 3L6, Canada
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Park SW, Lee JH, Lee EK, Song JJ, Park HS, Hwang SY, Lee MS. Development of the Suicide Risk Scale for Medical Inpatients. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e18. [PMID: 29215805 PMCID: PMC5729646 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inpatient suicide is one of the major issues related with hospital patient safety. Although there are many studies addressing suicide in the psychiatric unit, little is known about suicide in a medical setting. This study included the development and validation of a screening tool for the assessment of suicide risk, specialized for medical inpatients. METHODS The preliminary questionnaire was based on review of previous suicide ideation scales, mood scales, and clinical experiences of psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in Korea. Initially, the questionnaire consisted of 12 questions. One hundred adult medical inpatients were asked to perform the questionnaire. Explorative factor analysis was used to examine construct validity. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparison with the Korean versions of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS Five questions were removed from the preliminary questionnaire by explorative factor analysis and seven questions remained to comprise the Suicide Risk Scale for Medical inpatients (SRSM). Explorative factor analysis showed that the SRSM is composed of a single factor. SRSM was highly reliable in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.91). Concurrent validity with the BSI, BHS, and HADS was statistically significant. The proposed cut-off score of the SRSM was five. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the SRSM is a valid and reliable measure for screening suicide risks in medical inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Ha Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Lee
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Jun Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Park
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Becker K, Manthey T, Kaess M, Brockmann E, Zimmermann F, Plener PL. Postvention bei Suizid: Was man als Kinder- und Jugendpsychiater und -therapeut wissen sollte. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2017; 45:475-482. [DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Postvention bezeichnet das notwendige Maßnahmenpaket für alle durch eine Suizidhandlung Betroffenen nach einem Suizid. Patientensuizide in kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Kliniken sind selten, stellen aber eine sehr hohe Belastung für Angehörige, Mitpatienten und Klinikmitarbeiter dar. Neben dem Management der akuten Krisensituation mit klaren Kommunikationsregeln, dem angemessenen Umgang mit Suizidhinterbliebenen und der Verhinderung von Folgesuiziden bei Mitpatienten sollten verfügbare Handlungsempfehlungen der Kliniken zum Umgang bei Patientensuizid auch das Prozedere zur Hilfe psychischer Belastungen bei Ärzten, Therapeuten und weiteren Klinikmitarbeitern umfassen. Des Weiteren sollte Postvention aufgrund seiner Bedeutung ein fester Bestandteil in der Aus- und Weiterbildung kinderpsychiatrisch tätiger Therapeuten werden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Becker
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Thomas Manthey
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Michael Kaess
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | | | - Frank Zimmermann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg
- Nationales Suizidpräventionsprogramm für Deutschland (NaSPro), AG Kinder und Jugendliche
| | - Paul L. Plener
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim
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Why We Need to Enhance Suicide Postvention: Evaluating a Survey of Psychiatrists' Behaviors after the Suicide of a Patient. J Nerv Ment Dis 2017; 205:507-511. [PMID: 28590263 PMCID: PMC5962958 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Suicide prevention efforts are increasing to enhance capabilities and better understand risk factors and etiologies. Postvention, or how clinicians manage the postsuicide aftermath, strengthens suicide prevention, destigmatizes the tragedy, operationalizes the confusing aftermath, and promotes caregiver recovery. However, studies regarding its efficacy are minimal. The Psychopathology Committee of the Group for the Advancement for Psychiatry surveyed a convenience sample of psychiatrists to better understand postvention activities. Ninety psychiatrists completed the survey; they were predominantly men (72%) with an average of 24.6 years of experience (SD, 16.7 years). Most had contact with the patient's family within 6 months of the suicide, and most psychiatrists sought some form of support. Few psychiatrists used a suicide postvention procedure or toolkit (9%). No psychiatrists stopped clinical practice after a patient suicide, although 10% stopped accepting patients they deemed at risk of suicide. Postvention efforts, therefore, should be improved to better address survivor care.
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Tsai MC, Tsai CF. Experience of caring for a surviving perpetrator of intimate partner homicide-suicide in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16:977-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chao Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei City Taiwan
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