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Arellano K, Lim J, Bucheli JEV, Park H, Todorov SD, Holzapfel WH. Identification of safe putative probiotics from various food products. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:1053-1068. [PMID: 38376735 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and assess the safety and functionality in vitro of putative probiotic bacterial strains. Isolation procedures were based on standard methods using elective and selective media. The isolates were identified by comparative 16S rRNA sequencing analysis while their safety was determined according to the safety tests recommended by the FAO/WHO such as antibiotic resistance, hemolysin, and biogenic amine production. Most of the isolates did not pass the in vitro safety tests; therefore, only Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (from ant intestine and cheese), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (from goat milk and kimchi), Enterococcus faecium (from chili doenjang and vegetables with kimchi ingredients), Limosilactobacillus fermentum (from saliva), and Companilactobacillus alimentarius (from kimchi) were identified and selected for further studies. The isolates were further differentiated by rep-PCR and identified to the strain level by genotypic (16S rRNA) and phenotypic (Gen III) approaches. Subsequently, the strain tolerance to acid and bile was evaluated resulting in good viability after simulated gastrointestinal tract passage. Adhesion to mucin in vitro and the presence of mub, mapA, and ef-tu genes confirmed the adhesive potential of the strains and the results of features associated with adhesion such as hydrophobicity and zeta potential extended the insights. This study reflects the importance of fermented and non-fermented food products as a promising source of lactic acid bacteria with potential probiotic properties. Additionally, it aims to highlight the challenges associated with the selection of safe strains, which often fail in the in vitro tests, thus hindering the possibilities of "uncovering" novel and safe probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Arellano
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Schwanenweg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Juwhan Lim
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Jorge Enrique Vazquez Bucheli
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
- ProBacLab, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Haryung Park
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Svetoslav Dimitrov Todorov
- ProBacLab, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
- ProBacLab, Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
- CISAS - Center for Research and Development in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
| | - Wilhelm Heinrich Holzapfel
- Human Effective Microbes, Department of Advanced Convergence, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
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Qi X, Zhu F, Chang Z, Deng Y. Engineered E. coli for Long-Term Oral Enzyme Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16172-16179. [PMID: 39042860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal flora shows excellent affinity in the gut, and the adhesive property is borrowed for oral drug delivery. A facile strategy for bacteria engineering has been successfully developed by introducing metal-organic framework (MOF) mineralization. The MOF exoskeleton serves as an extendable platform for accommodating various cargoes with good Escherichia coli morphology maintained. The artificial exoskeleton surrounding E. coli is employed for encapsulating macromolecules as a therapeutic cargo, maintaining good bioactivity with high immobilization efficiency (60%) after systematic optimization of the MOF precursor. Leveraging the natural affinity of E. coli in the gut, the in-vivo tracking of MOF-engineered E. coli in the gastrointestinal tract confirmed excellent adhesion to the GI mucosa and a 17.9-fold increase in the gut retention half-time, demonstrating significant advantages in retention capability. In comparison, the control group without E. coli equipment resulted in quick gut passage. Furthermore, the artificially engineered E. coli serves as an effective carrier for macromolecules without notable oral toxicity, as evidenced by biocompatibility evaluations in cells and animals. Overall, the MOF-engineered E. coli provides an extendable platform for loading on-demand cargoes in versatile therapeutic functions with promising clinical transnationality for long-term applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Qi
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziyong Chang
- Civil and Resource Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Hanifeh M, Huhtinen M, Sclivagnotis YS, Lyhs U, Grönthal T, Spillmann T. Adhesion of Bacteroides vulgatus and Fusobacterium varium to the Colonic Mucosa of Healthy Beagles. Vet Sci 2024; 11:319. [PMID: 39058003 PMCID: PMC11281516 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria phyla have been reported to be decreased in dogs with chronic enteropathies. In colitis, obligate anaerobes (e.g., Bacteroides and Fusobacterium) are likely to vanish in response to the heightened oxidative stress in the colon's inflammatory environment. The ability to adhere to the colonic mucosa is viewed as an essential step for obligate anaerobic bacteria to colonize and subsequently interact with the host's epithelium and immune system. The reintroduction of a balanced community of obligate anaerobic bacteria using probiotics can restore the microbial function in the intestine. We found no studies on dogs regarding the adhesion properties of Bacteriodes vulgatus and Fusobacterium varium on paraffin-embedded canine colonic mucosa. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the adhesion capacities of these two bacterial species to paraffin-embedded colonic mucosa from healthy dogs. Additionally, we investigated their hydrophobicity properties to determine whether differences in adhesion capability can be explained by this factor. The results of our study showed that B. vulgatus adhered significantly lower than F. varium to the canine colonic mucosa (p = 0.002); however, B. vulgatus showed higher hydrophobicity (46.1%) than F. varium (12.6%). In conclusion, both bacteria have potential as probiotics, but further studies will be required to determine the efficacy and safety of the strains to be used, which strains to use, and the reasons other than hydrophobicity for attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hanifeh
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Mirja Huhtinen
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Yannes S. Sclivagnotis
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Ulrike Lyhs
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, Orionintie 1A, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.); (U.L.)
| | - Thomas Grönthal
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Thomas Spillmann
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Viikintie 49, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.G.); (T.S.)
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Wang Y, Wang J, Wen Y, Zhang Y, Wang R, Liu Y, Li H, Li Y, Zhang C. Effect of soybean proteins and peptides on the growth and adhesive ability of Limosilactobacillus Reuteri DSM17938. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:322. [PMID: 38907754 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 is one of the most pivotal probiotics, whose general beneficial effects on the intestinal microbiota are well recognized. Enhancing their growth and metabolic activity can effectively regulate the equilibrium of intestinal microbiota, leading to improved physical health. A common method to promote the growth of Lactobacillus is the addition of prebiotics. Current research suggests that proteins and their hydrolysates from different sources with potential prebiotic activity can also promote the growth of probiotics. In this study, soybean proteins and peptides were effective in promoting the growth, organic acid secretion, and adhesive properties of Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 to Caco-2 cells. These results illustrate the feasibility of soybean proteins and peptides as prebiotics, providing theoretical and practical advantages for their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
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Pinchao YA, Serna-Cock L, Mora OO. Probiotic capacity of commensal lactic acid bacteria from the intestine of Guinea pigs ( Cavia porcellus). Heliyon 2024; 10:e29431. [PMID: 38655303 PMCID: PMC11035050 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate balance of intestinal microbiota is significantly influenced by the pivotal role of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These LAB not only contribute to antimicrobial activity and enhance animal health and productivity but also serve as defense against intestinal infections. In the present study, the probiotic potential of LAB strains isolated from various intestinal sections of adult and young guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) was comprehensively assessed. Strains belonging to the genera Ligilactobacillus, Weissella, Enterococcus, and Limosilactobacillus were also identified. The antibacterial activities of the LAB strains against Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were quantified. Exopolysaccharide production, adherence capacity, antibiotic resistance, and bile salt tolerance (0.15 %, 0.30 %, and 0.45 %) of LAB were quantified. Further analyses focused on the effects of pH (2.9, 5.0, 6.4, and 7.4), temperature (40, 50, and 60 °C) and NaCl concentrations (3.5 % and 6.5 % w/v) on LAB growth. Strains GCI9 and GDE10 (Ligilactobacillus salivarius), isolated from the cecum and intestine of guinea pigs, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. typhimurium, E. coli and S. aureus. Remarkable adherence capacity to porcine gastric mucin was demonstrated by L. salivarius strains, specifically ACI1, GCI9, and GDE10, with the highest exopolysaccharide levels produced by ACI1 and GCI9 (1.71 and 1.76 mg/mL, respectively). The probiotic potential was further underscored by remarkable bile salt tolerance, especially in strain GDE10, and substantial exopolysaccharide production. These strains displayed notable adaptability to varying environmental conditions, including NaCl concentrations at 3.5 % and 6.5 %, temperatures ranging from 40 to 60 °C, and pH levels of 2.9, 5.0, 6.4, and 7.4. This comprehensive assessment of the probiotic properties of L. salivarius strains, particularly ACI1, GCI9, and GDE10, shows promise for the development of probiotic formulations aimed at enhancing the intestinal health of guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamid A. Pinchao
- Faculty of Engineering and Administration, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Liliana Serna-Cock
- Faculty of Engineering and Administration, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Oswaldo Osorio Mora
- Faculty of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad de Nariño, San Juan de Pasto, Colombia
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Liu X, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Li W, Yin J, Shi A, Wang J, Wang S. 2'-Fucosyllactose Promotes Colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila and Prevents Colitis In Vitro and in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4765-4776. [PMID: 38393978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila is a potential candidate for ulcerative colitis prevention. Considering that it utilizes 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) for growth, 2'FL can be used to enrich the abundance of A. muciniphila in feces. However, whether the crosswalk between 2'FL and A. muciniphila can promote the intestinal colonization of A. muciniphila remains unclear. In this study, we explored the effect and the underlying mechanism of 2'FL on the colonization of A. muciniphila in vitro and in vivo as well as its alleviating effect on colitis. Our results revealed that 2'FL can serve as a carbon source of A. muciniphila to support the growth and increase cell-surface hydrophobicity and the expression of the genes coding fibronectin-binding autotransporter adhesin to promote the adhesion to Caco2/HT29 methotrexate (MTX) cells but not of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and glucose. Moreover, 2'FL could increase the host mucin formation to promote the adhesion of A. muciniphila to Caco2/HT29 MTX cells but not of GOS and glucose. Furthermore, 2'FL could significantly increase the colonization of A. muciniphila in the gut to alleviate colitis in mice. Overall, the interplay between A. muciniphila and 2'FL is expected to provide an advantageous ecological niche for A. muciniphila so as to confer further health benefits against colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wanhua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Aiying Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Chen S, Mei H, Xu L, Zhan L, Yang Y, Zhao D, Bao G, Li X, Cao Z. Impact of fermented feed of soybean hulls and rapeseed cake on immunity, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in Chahua chicken. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103451. [PMID: 38301497 PMCID: PMC10847688 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of replacing part of the basal diet with 2-stage fermented feed (FF) (soybean hulls:rapeseed cake (2:1, m/m)) on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of Chahua chicken. A total of 160 Chahua chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups to receive a control diet or diet with 5%, 10%, or 15% of the basal diet replaced by FF, respectively for 56 d. The results showed that FF significantly improved the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of Chahua chickens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Chahua chicken receiving the diet added with 15% FF significantly increased (P < 0.05). Chahua chicken in both the 10% and 15% groups showed increased serum IgG and IgM and decreased malondialdehyde. Serum interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma significantly increased in all FF groups. Compared with the CON group, higher ileal villus height (VH) was found in the 10% FF group. Treatment with FF significantly increased the ileal villus height/crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio, jejunal VH, and jejunal VH/CD ratio while reducing ileal and jejunal CD. The modified gut microbiota composition was observed in the Chahua chicken fed a diet containing FF, in particular, with the increased abundance of Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus. The abundance of Lactobacillus significantly increased in the 10% and 15% FF groups (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between Lactobacillus and VH (R = 0.38, P = 0.10, Figure 3B), AH/CD ratio (R = 0.63, P = 0.003), and a negative correlation with CD (R = -0.72, P = 0.001). These results indicate that FF improves immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health and consequently enhances growth performance in Chahua chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Chen
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyou Mei
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Xu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Zhan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Yang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexuan Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Bao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Li
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhui Cao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Bock HJ, Lee HW, Lee NK, Paik HD. Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KU210152 and its fermented soy milk attenuates oxidative stress in neuroblastoma cells. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113868. [PMID: 38225133 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the probiotic properties and neuroprotective effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KU210152 and its application in soy milk. L. plantarum KU210152 exhibited high tolerance to artificial gastrointestinal conditions, high adhesion to intestinal cells (HT-29), and safe enzyme production. Conditioned medium acquired from HT-29 cells treated with heat-killed lactic acid bacteria (LAB-CM) was used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects. The CM exhibited neuroprotective effects via cell viability assay, morphological observations, and suppression of ROS production. Heat-killed L. plantarum KU210152 increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in HT-29 cells. In SH-SY5Y cells, pretreatment with L. plantarum KU210152 CM decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and upregulated BDNF and TH expression. The CM inhibited caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities. The neuroprotective effects of L. plantarum KU210152 were also confirmed in fermented soy milk. Therefore, both L. plantarum KU210152 and the fermented soy milk can be used as functional ingredients with neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Bock
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Won Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon HJ, Nguyen TH, Kim JS, Kang CH. The protective effect of L-theanine addition to a cryoprotectant on the storage viability of lactic acid bacteria. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00444-z. [PMID: 38001399 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that metabolize sugars to obtain energy and produce a large amount of lactate through the process are well known for their benefits. However, they can be used on a large scale only when good storage stability is guaranteed. The vitality and stability of several LAB strains were effectively protected in this investigation by L-theanine at 1% of the appropriate concentration (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG5023, Enterococcus faecium MG5232, Lactococcus lactis MG4668, Streptococcus thermophilus MG5140, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MG741). The inclusion of L-theanine as a protective agent significantly enhanced the viability of all strains throughout the freeze-drying process compared to that of the non-coated probiotics. The efficacy of L-theanine in improving bacterial stability and survivability was evaluated using accelerated stability tests, gastrointestinal (GI) tract survivability tests, and adhesion assays with intestinal epithelial cells. The cell surface was covered with substances including L-theanine, according to morphological findings, providing efficient defense against a variety of external stresses. Therefore, by exerting anti-freezing and anti-thawing properties, the adoption of L-theanine as a new and efficient protective agent may improve the stability and viability of a variety of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Ju Kwon
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Bio Valley 1-Ro, Jecheon-si, 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Trung Hau Nguyen
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Bio Valley 1-Ro, Jecheon-si, 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seong Kim
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Bio Valley 1-Ro, Jecheon-si, 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Kang
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Bio Valley 1-Ro, Jecheon-si, 27159, Republic of Korea.
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Chen D, Guo C, Ren C, Xia Z, Xu H, Qu H, Wa Y, Guan C, Zhang C, Qian J, Gu R. Screening of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 67 with Strong Adhesion to Caco-2 Cells and the Effects of Protective Agents on Its Adhesion Ability during Vacuum Freeze Drying. Foods 2023; 12:3604. [PMID: 37835257 PMCID: PMC10572606 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion to the intestinal tract provides the foundation for Lactobacillus to exert its benefits. Vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) is currently one of the main processing methods for Lactobacillus products. Therefore, the effects of VFD on the adhesion and survival of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 67 were investigated in this study. The results show that L. plantarum 67 exhibits remarkable tolerance following successive exposure to simulated saliva, gastric juice and intestinal juice, and also has a strong adhesion ability to Caco-2 cells. The adhesion and survival rates of L. plantarum 67 significantly decreased after VFD in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), whereas they significantly increased in protective agents (PAs) (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscope observations show that L. plantarum 67 aggregated more to Caco-2 cells in PAs than in PBS, and its shape and size were protected. Proteomics detection findings indicated that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) related to adhesins and vitality and their pathways in L. plantarum 67 were significantly affected by VFD (p < 0.05). However, the expression of DEPs (such as cold shock protein, cell surface protein, adherence protein, chitin-binding domain and extracellular transglycosylase, membrane-bound protein) was improved by PAs. Compared with PBS, the PAs significantly adjusted the phosphotransferase system and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways (p < 0.05). VFD decreased the adhesion and vitality of L. plantarum 67, while the PAs could exert protective effects by regulating proteins and pathways related to adhesion and vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Yuhang Food Technology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chenyu Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Zihan Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Hengxian Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Yunchao Wa
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chengran Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jianya Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (D.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou 225127, China
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11
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Chen D, Chen C, Guo C, Zhang H, Liang Y, Cheng Y, Qu H, Wa Y, Zhang C, Guan C, Qian J, Gu R. The regulation of simulated artificial oro-gastrointestinal transit stress on the adhesion of Lactobacillus plantarum S7. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:170. [PMID: 37660047 PMCID: PMC10474686 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oro-gastrointestinal stress in the digestive tract is the main stress to which orally administered probiotics are exposed. The regulation of oro-gastrointestinal transit (OGT) stress on the adhesion and survival of probiotics under continuous exposure to simulated salivary-gastric juice-intestinal juice was researched in this study. RESULTS Lactobacillus plantarum S7 had a higher survival rate after exposure to simulated OGT1 (containing 0.15% bile salt) stress and OGT2 (containing 0.30% bile salt) stress. The adhesion ability of L. plantarum S7 was significantly increased by OGT1 stress (P < 0.05) but was not changed significantly by OGT2 stress (P > 0.05), and this trend was also observed in terms of the thickness of the surface material of L. plantarum S7 cells. The expression of surface proteins of L. plantarum S7, such as the 30 S ribosomal proteins, mucus-binding protein and S-layer protein, was significantly downregulated by OGT stress (P < 0.05); meanwhile, the expression of moonlight proteins, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), phosphoglycorate kinase (PGK), beta-phosphoglucomutase (PGM1), GroEL and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI), was significantly upregulated (P < 0.05). However, the upregulation of GAPDH, PGK, PGM1 and PGI mediated by OGT1 stress was greater than those mediated by OGT2 stress. The quorum sensing pathway of L. plantarum S7 was changed significantly by OGT stress compared with no OGT stress cells (P < 0.05), and the expression of Luxs in the pathway was significantly upregulated by OGT1 stress (P < 0.05). The ABC transportation pathway was significantly altered by OGT1 stress (P < 0.05), of which the expression of the peptide ABC transporter substrate-binding protein and energy-coupling factor transporter ATP-binding protein EcfA was significantly upregulated by OGT stress (P < 0.05). The glycolide metabolism pathway was significantly altered by OGT1 stress compared with that in response to OGT2 stress (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION L. plantarum S7 had a strong ability to resist OGT stress, which was regulated by the proteins and pathways related to OGT stress. The adhesion ability of L. plantarum S7 was enhanced after continuous exposure to OGT1 stress, making it a potential probiotic with a promising future for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Yuhang Food Technology Co., Ltd, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunmeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Congcong Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengxian Qu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunchao Wa
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengran Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianya Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixia Gu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Safety Control, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Kiepś J, Juzwa W, Olejnik A, Sip A, Tomaszewska-Gras J, Dembczyński R. The Effects of Cellular Membrane Damage on the Long-Term Storage and Adhesion of Probiotic Bacteria in Caco-2 Cell Line. Nutrients 2023; 15:3484. [PMID: 37571422 PMCID: PMC10421378 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion is one of the main factors responsible for the probiotic properties of bacteria in the human gut. Membrane proteins affected by cellular damage are one of the key aspects determining adhesion. Fluid-bed-dried preparations containing probiotic bacteria were analyzed in terms of their stability (temperature of glass transition) and shelf life in different conditions (modified atmosphere, refrigeration). Imaging flow cytometry was utilized to determine four subpopulations of cells based on their physiological and morphological properties. Lastly, adhesion was measured in bacteria cultured in optimal conditions and treated with heat shock. The results show that the subpopulations with no or low levels of cell membrane damage exhibit the ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells. The temperature of protein denaturation in bacteria was recorded as being between 65 °C and 70 °C. The highest glass transition temperature (Tg) value for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (used as a coating substance) was measured at 152.6 °C. Drying and coating can be utilized as a sufficient treatment, allowing a long shelf-life (up to 12 months). It is, however, worth noting that technological processing, especially with high temperatures, may decrease the probiotic value of the preparation by damaging the bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kiepś
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland; (W.J.); (A.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland; (W.J.); (A.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland; (W.J.); (A.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Sip
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland; (W.J.); (A.O.); (A.S.)
| | - Jolanta Tomaszewska-Gras
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Radosław Dembczyński
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznan, Poland; (W.J.); (A.O.); (A.S.)
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13
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Racines MP, Solis MN, Šefcová MA, Herich R, Larrea-Álvarez M, Revajová V. An Overview of the Use and Applications of Limosilactobacillus fermentum in Broiler Chickens. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1944. [PMID: 37630504 PMCID: PMC10459855 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of government regulations on antibiotic use, along with the public's concern for drug resistance, has strengthened interest in developing alternatives not only aimed at preserving animal production but also at reducing the effects of pathogenic infections. Probiotics, in particular, are considered microorganisms that induce health benefits in the host after consumption of adequate amounts; they have been established as a potential strategy for improving growth, especially by stimulating intestinal homeostasis. Probiotics are commonly associated with lactic acid bacteria, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum is a well-studied species recognized for its favorable characteristics, including adhesion to epithelial cells, production of antimicrobial compounds, and activation of receptors that prompt the transcription of immune-associated genes. Recently, this species has been used in animal production. Different studies have shown that the application of L. fermentum strains not only improves the intestinal ecosystem but also reduces the effects caused by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. These studies have also revealed key insights into the mechanisms behind the actions exerted by this probiotic. In this manuscript, we aim to provide a concise overview of the effects of L. fermentum administration on broiler chicken health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Racines
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador; (M.P.R.); (M.N.S.); (M.A.Š.)
| | - Maria Nicole Solis
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador; (M.P.R.); (M.N.S.); (M.A.Š.)
| | - Miroslava Anna Šefcová
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador; (M.P.R.); (M.N.S.); (M.A.Š.)
| | - Róbert Herich
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Marco Larrea-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Enrique Ortega Moreira, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador; (M.P.R.); (M.N.S.); (M.A.Š.)
| | - Viera Revajová
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
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D'Rose V, Bhat SG. Whole genome sequence analysis enabled affirmation of the probiotic potential of marine sporulater Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BTSS3 isolated from Centroscyllium fabricii. Gene 2023; 864:147305. [PMID: 36813058 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are microorganisms when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host. Many probiotics find application in various industries however, probiotic bacteria linked to marine environments are less explored.Although Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, and Streptococcus thermophilus are the most frequently used probiotics, Bacillus spp. have acquired much acceptance in human functional foods due to their increased tolerance and enduring competence in harsh environments like the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this study, the 4 Mbp genome sequence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain BTSS3, a marine spore former isolated from deep-sea shark Centroscyllium fabricii, with antimicrobial and probiotic properties was sequenced, assembled, and annotated. Analysis revealed the presence of numerous genes presenting probiotic traits like production of vitamins, secondary metabolites, amino acids, secretory proteins, enzymes and other proteins that allow survival in GI tract as well as adhesion to intestinal mucosa. Adhesion by colonization in the gut was studied in vivo in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using FITC labelled B.amyloliquefaciens BTSS3. Preliminary study revealed the ability of the marine Bacillus to attach to the intestinal mucosa of the fish gut. The genomic data and the in vivo experiment affirms that this marine spore former is a promising probiotic candidate with potential biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia D'Rose
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 22, India.
| | - Sarita Ganapathy Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 22, India; Inter University Centre for Nanomaterials and Devices, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 22, Kerala, India.
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15
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Tang H, Huang W, Yao YF. The metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: classification, biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiota. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:49-62. [PMID: 36908281 PMCID: PMC9993431 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.03.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ubiquitous microorganisms that can colonize the intestine and participate in the physiological metabolism of the host. LAB can produce a variety of metabolites, including organic acids, bacteriocin, amino acids, exopolysaccharides and vitamins. These metabolites are the basis of LAB function and have a profound impact on host health. The intestine is colonized by a large number of gut microorganisms with high species diversity. Metabolites of LAB can keep the balance and stability of gut microbiota through aiding in the maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier, resisting to pathogens and regulating immune responses, which further influence the nutrition, metabolism and behavior of the host. In this review, we summarize the metabolites of LAB and their influence on the intestine. We also discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms and emphasize the link between LAB and the human gut from the perspective of health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases (20dz2261100), Shanghai 200025, China
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16
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Study on the quality formation mechanism of Zao chili with enhanced fermentation by Lactipllantbacillus plantarum 5-1. Food Chem X 2023; 17:100626. [PMID: 36974175 PMCID: PMC10039268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zao Chili (ZC) is a traditional fermented pepper, which plays an important role in Chinese cooking. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of Lactipllantbacillus plantarum 5-1 on the physicochemical properties, metabolite and microbiota profiling of ZC. The physicochemical factors changed regularly with the fermentation time. In the microbial communities, Lactobacillus, Weissella, Enterobacter, Gibberella, Fusarium, Zygosaccharomyces and Pichia were the dominant genera. 7 kinds of organic acids were detected in the whole fermentation process of ZC, but only 5 kinds changed significantly. Based on the OPLS-DA model with VIP > 1 and ANOVA with P < 0.05, 33 volatile flavor compounds with significant differences were screened out of 89. According to the redundancy analysis (RDA), fungi mainly contributed to soluble solids, while bacteria mainly contributed to pH. Lactobacillus, Weissella, Enterbacter and Zygosaccharomyces may be the potential flavor contributing microorganisms in the fermentation process of ZC by the Spearman correlation coefficient. A total of 11 main metabolic pathways were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis of 89 volatile flavor compounds and 7 organic acids. Therefore, this study further enhanced our understanding of the flavor quality formation mechanism of Lactipllantbacillus plantarum in ZC, and providing a theoretical basis for improving the flavor quality of ZC.
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17
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Anglenius H, Mäkivuokko H, Ahonen I, Forssten SD, Wacklin P, Mättö J, Lahtinen S, Lehtoranta L, Ouwehand AC. In Vitro Screen of Lactobacilli Strains for Gastrointestinal and Vaginal Benefits. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020329. [PMID: 36838294 PMCID: PMC9967617 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional probiotics comprise mainly lactic acid bacteria that are safe for human use, tolerate acid and bile, and adhere to the epithelial lining and mucosal surfaces. In this study, one hundred commercial and non-commercial strains that were isolated from human feces or vaginal samples were tested with regards to overall growth in culture media, tolerance to acid and bile, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, and adhesion to vaginal epithelial cells (VECs) and to blood group antigens. As a result, various of the tested lactobacilli strains were determined to be suitable for gastrointestinal or vaginal applications. Commercial strains grew better than the newly isolated strains, but tolerance to acid was a common property among all tested strains. Tolerance to bile varied considerably between the strains. Resistance to bile and acid correlated well, as did VEC adhesion and H2O2 production, but H2O2 production was not associated with resistance to bile or acid. Except for L. iners strains, vaginal isolates had better overall VEC adhesion and higher H2O2 production. Species- and strain-specific differences were evident for all parameters. Rank-ordered clustering with nine clusters was used to identify strains that were suitable for gastrointestinal or vaginal health, demonstrating that the categorization of strains for targeted health indications is possible based on the parameters that were measured in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Anglenius
- IFF Health and Biosciences, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | | | | | - Jaana Mättö
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, 00310 Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Effects of Ilisha elongata protein, soy protein and whey protein on growth characteristics and adhesion of probiotics. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:2125-2134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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19
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Kiousi DE, Efstathiou C, Tegopoulos K, Mantzourani I, Alexopoulos A, Plessas S, Kolovos P, Koffa M, Galanis A. Genomic Insight Into Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SP5, Reveals Genes and Gene Clusters of Probiotic Interest and Biotechnological Potential. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:922689. [PMID: 35783439 PMCID: PMC9244547 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.922689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lacticaseibacillus paracasei species is comprised by nomadic bacteria inhabiting a wide variety of ecological niches, from fermented foodstuffs to host-associated microenvironments. Lc. paracasei SP5 is a novel strain, originally isolated from kefir grains that presents desirable probiotic and biotechnological attributes. In this study, we applied genomic tools to further characterize the probiotic and biotechnological potential of the strain. Firstly, whole genome sequencing and assembly, were performed to construct the chromosome map of the strain and determine its genomic stability. Lc. paracasei SP5 carriers several insertion sequences, however, no plasmids or mobile elements were detected. Furthermore, phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses were utilized to study the nomadic attributes of the strain, and more specifically, its metabolic capacity and ability to withstand environmental stresses imposed during food processing and passage through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. More specifically, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZymes) analyses provided evidence for the ability of the stain to utilize an array of carbohydrates as growth substrates. Consequently, genes for heat, cold, osmotic shock, acidic pH, and bile salt tolerance were annotated. Importantly bioinformatic analysis showed that the novel strain does not harbor acquired antimicrobial resistance genes nor virulence factors, in agreement with previous experimental data. Putative bacteriocin biosynthesis clusters were identified using BAGEL4, suggesting its potential antimicrobial activity. Concerning microbe-host interactions, adhesins, moonlighting proteins, exopolysaccharide (EPS) biosynthesis genes and pilins mediating the adhesive phenotype were, also, pinpointed in the genome of Lc. paracasei SP5. Validation of this phenotype was performed by employing a microbiological method and confocal microscopy. Conclusively, Lc. paracasei SP5 harbors genes necessary for the manifestation of the probiotic character and application in the food industry. Upcoming studies will focus on the mechanisms of action of the novel strain at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Eugenia Kiousi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christos Efstathiou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tegopoulos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mantzourani
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
| | - Athanasios Alexopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
| | - Stavros Plessas
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stavros Plessas,
| | - Petros Kolovos
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Koffa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Alex Galanis,
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Kahraman M, Karahan AG, Terzioğlu ME. Characterization of Some Microorganisms from Human Stool Samples and Determination of Their Effects on CT26 Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:225. [PMID: 35704105 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to isolate and identify the potential probiotic, pathobiont, and pathogenic microorganisms in the stool samples of 12 healthy individuals and evaluate their in vitro effects on cancer formation. A total of 83 strains were isolated from the stool samples and identified using MALDI-Biotyper. Fourteen of the isolates were identified as Candida spp., three isolates were identified as Cryptococcus neoformans, 55 isolates were identified as lactic acid bacteria, and the remaining isolates belonged to different 11 bacterial genera. Important microbial properties for cancer prevention and some probiotic properties were examined. All strains maintained their viability under acidic conditions and in media containing bile salts. Of the bacterial strains, 62.5% were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, erythromycin, kanamycin, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. All yeast strains were resistant to ketoconazole and susceptible to nystatin. The susceptibility of the strains to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and itraconazole varied. Fifty-nine percent of the strains produced EPS and 21.7% showed proteolytic activity (PA). Of the strains, 15.7% both produced exopolysaccharides (EPS) and had PA. The antioxidant activity (AOA) varied depending on the strains. The pathobiont and pathogenic microorganisms promoted tumor formation, while potential probiotic microorganisms had a suppressive effect on tumor formation (P > 0.01). One yeast (Candida kefyr MK17) and three lactic acid bacteria strains (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MK73, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MK55, Limosilactobacillus mucosae MK45) have superior potential thanks to their anticarcinogenic properties as well as tolerance to gastrointestinal tract conditions. Stool samples of each individual contain various potential probiotic, pathobiont, and pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Münevver Kahraman
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Aynur Gül Karahan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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AI-2/LuxS Quorum Sensing System Promotes Biofilm Formation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Enhances the Resistance to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Germ-Free Zebrafish. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0061022. [PMID: 35700135 PMCID: PMC9430243 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00610-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The LuxS enzyme plays a key role in both quorum sensing (QS) and the regulation of bacterial growth. It catalyzes the production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) signaling molecule, which is a component of the methyl cycle and methionine metabolism. This study aimed at investigating the differences between the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) wild-type strain (WT) and its luxS mutant (ΔluxS) during biofilm formation and when resisting to inflammation caused by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in germ-free zebrafish. Our results suggest that in the absence of luxS when LGG was knocked out, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide secretion and adhesion were all compromised. Addition of synthetic AI-2 indeed rescued, at least partially, the deficiencies observed in the mutant strain. The colonizing and immunomodulatory function in WT versus ΔluxS mutants were further studied in a germ-free zebrafish model. The concentration of AI-2 signaling molecules decreased sharply in zebrafish infected with the ΔluxS. At the same time, compared with the ΔluxS, the wild-type strain could colonize the germ-free zebrafish more effectively. Our transcriptome results suggest that genes involved in immunity, signal transduction, and cell adhesion were downregulated in zebrafish infected with ΔluxS and WT. In the WT, the immune system of germ-free zebrafish was activated more effectively through the MAPK and NF-κB pathway, and its ability to fight the infection against ETEC was increased. Together, our results demonstrate that the AI-2/LuxS system plays an important role in biofilm formation to improve LGG and alleviate inflammation caused by ETEC in germ-free zebrafish. IMPORTANCELactobacillus rhamnosus GG is a widely used probiotic to improve host intestinal health, promote growth, reduce diarrhea, and modulate immunity. In recent years, the bacterial quorum sensing system has attracted much attention; however, there has not been much research on the effect of the LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing system of Lactobacillus on bacteriostasis, microbial ecology balance, and immune regulation in intestine. In this study, we used germ-free zebrafish as an animal model to compare the differences between wild-type and luxS mutant strains. We showed how AI-2/LuxS QS affects the release of AI-2 and how QS regulates the colonization, EPS synthesis and biofilm formation of LGG. This study provides an idea for the targeted regulation of animal intestinal health with probiotics by controlling bacteria quorum sensing system.
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Meng F, Zhao M, Lu Z. The LuxS/AI-2 system regulates the probiotic activities of lactic acid bacteria. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zawistowska-Rojek A, Kośmider A, Stępień K, Tyski S. Adhesion and aggregation properties of Lactobacillaceae strains as protection ways against enteropathogenic bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:285. [PMID: 35478049 PMCID: PMC9046290 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion and aggregation are characteristic attributes of probiotic strains belonging to Lactobacillaceae genus. Due to these properties the host organisms can avoid colonisation of the intestinal tract by enteropathogenic bacteria. The presented research includes a comparison of the properties of various strains belonging to different Lactobacillaceae species and isolated from different sources The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Lactocaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus strains (L. acidophilus, L. gasseri, L. ultunensis) from probiotic products and clinical specimens to direct and competitive adherence to Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines. Furthermore, the ability of lactobacilli and enteropathogenic bacteria, E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. Typhimurium, to auto- and co-aggregation was also investigated. The results showed that all tested strains adhered to Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines. Though, the factor of adhesion depended on the species and origin of the strain. L. rhamnosus strains showed a lowest degree of adherence as compared to L. plantarum and Lactobacillus sp. strains. On the other side both, L. rhamnosus and L. acidophilus strains reduced the pathogenic bacteria in competition adherence test most effectively. All tested lactobacilli strains were characterised by auto- and co-aggregation abilities, to various degrees. The properties of Lactobacillaceae strains analysed in this study, like adhesion abilities, competitive adherence, auto- and co-aggregation, may affect the prevention of colonisation and elimination of pathogenic bacteria in gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zawistowska-Rojek
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anita Kośmider
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cancer Biology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Stępień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan Tyski
- Department of Antibiotics and Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Alp D. Strain-dependent effectivity, and protective role against enzymes of S-layers in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:555-567. [PMID: 35302654 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the surface layer (S-layer), which is known to have a varying effect from strain to strain on aggregation, adhesion ability, also has an effect on the resistance of bacteria to digestive enzymes, phenol, lysozymes. The effect of S-layers on the resistance against various enzymes, aggregation and adhesion abilities, and strain specificity were determined of eight Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains. Strains were treated with 5 M lithium chloride (LiCl) to extract the S-layers, the presence of this layer in those microorganisms was demonstrated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the separation of the S-layer, which surrounds the microorganism, from the microorganism by the LiCl. The images were taken three times, once at the beginning, once 30 min later, and once at the end of this process, which took 2 h in total. The effect against enzymes varied depending on the strain, but it was determined that all the tested strains had a serious loss of viability against phenol in the absence of an S-layer. Lpb. plantarum DA100 showed a maximum decrease against gastrointestinal system enzymes after the LiCl (96.48 ± 0.03% before and 66.46 ± 0.01% after LiCl). Lpb. plantarum DA255 showed a significant decrease against lysozyme (99.11 ± 0.00% before and 62.80 ± 0.0% after LiCl). Removal of the S-layer greatly affected the adhesion ability of some strains, while for others there was hardly any change. The results showed that the role of the S-layer may be strain-specific, the rate of effect can vary. The primary function of S-layer proteins is thought to contribute to the adhesion ability of bacteria. There are limited studies that have reported the protective property of this layer against various enzymes, however, our results showed that S-layer could be one of the resistance strategies developed by bacteria against enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Alp
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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25
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Liu M, Sun Z, Shi C, Wang J, Wang T, Dziugan P, Zhang B, Zhao H, Jia G. How do Lycium barbarum polysaccharides promote the adhesion of Lactobacillus to Caco-2 cells? J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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26
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Yu Y, Zong M, Lao L, Wen J, Pan D, Wu Z. Adhesion properties of the cell surface proteins in Lactobacillus strains under the GIT environment. Food Funct 2022; 13:3098-3109. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04328e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an essential role in the epithelial barrier and the gut immune system. It can antagonize pathogens by producing antimicrobial substances like bacteriocins, and compete with...
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Yu X, Zhang Y, Xu F, Dong D, Wang W, Wu X. Screening of immune-enhancing Lactobacillus in mice by using a cell-line. J Microbiol Methods 2021; 192:106380. [PMID: 34813868 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we found that it is possible to screen Lactobacillus strains that enhance the immune function of mice using HCT-8 cells. Lactobacillus were co-incubated with intestinal epithelial HCT-8 cells to detect and screen the strains that induced more interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the culture supernatant. Simultaneously, a mouse model of low immunity was established to administer the screened lactobacilli by gavage. After 4 weeks of continuous gavage, related cytokines in blood and immune cell indexes in organs were detected to comprehensively evaluate the feasibility of in vitro cell culture model for screening immune-enhancing strains. The content of IL-6 in the culture supernatant of HCT-8 cells induced by the three tested strains increased approximately 5, 8 and 15 fold compared with that of the control group. IL-6 content in serum of mice was significantly higher than that of the control group provided with cyclophosphamide (CTX). Lactobacillus paracasei ZLPC01 presented a higher ability to protect against the immune damage of CTX by decreasing the serum IgG level, increasing the transformation of mouse splenocytes, and the activity of NK cells. Furthermore, L. paracasei ZLPC01 increased cytokine content in serum (IL-6, IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ) and colon (IL-6 and TNF-α) in CTX-treated mice. Screening strains that enhance immunity via an in vitro cell-line is simple in operation, and the results are well correlated with those of animal experiments, which is feasible and effective in practice. In addition, L. paracasei ZLPC01 could have the potential to enhance the immunity of mice effectively through inducing intestinal cells to produce IL-6, TNF-α and other cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yu
- Jiangxi-Oai Joint Research institute, College of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangxi-Oai Joint Research institute, College of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Jiangxi-Oai Joint Research institute, College of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Degang Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China State
| | - Wanchun Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, P. R. China State.
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China State.
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Hanifeh M, Spillmann T, Huhtinen M, Sclivagnotis YS, Grönthal T, Hynönen U. Ex-Vivo Adhesion of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium to the Intestinal Mucosa of Healthy Beagles. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113283. [PMID: 34828014 PMCID: PMC8614307 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium strains are used as probiotics or feed additives. Adherence to the intestinal mucosa is considered a crucial step for intestinal bacteria to colonize and further interact with the host epithelium and the immune system. In dogs, there are no studies investigating the adhesion of E. faecalis and E. faecium to paraffin-embedded intestinal mucosa. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the adhesion of E. faecalis and E. faecium to the intestinal mucosa of six healthy beagles using bacteria derived from dogs and chickens. In addition, we aimed to validate a method to test the adhesion of Alexa Fluor-labeled bacteria to paraffin-embedded canine intestinal mucosa. The results of our study show that both canine- and chicken-derived E. faecalis strains adhered significantly better than E. faecium to the duodenal mucosa of healthy beagles (p = 0.002). In addition, canine E. faecalis and E. faecium adhered in higher numbers to canine duodenal mucosa, compared to chicken-derived strains of the same species (p = 0.015 for E. faecalis and p = 0.002 for E. faecium). The determination of the hydrophobicity of bacteria revealed that canine E. faecalis had the highest hydrophobicity level (36.6%), followed by chicken E. faecalis (20.4%), while canine E. faecium (5.7%) and chicken E. faecium (4.5%) had the lowest levels. Our results suggest that both the bacterial species and the host origin of the strain may influence mucosal adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Hanifeh
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Spillmann
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Mirja Huhtinen
- Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, R&D, 02200 Espoo, Finland; (M.H.); (Y.S.S.)
| | | | - Thomas Grönthal
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (T.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Ulla Hynönen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Veterinary Microbiology and Epidemiology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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Trukhachev VI, Chmykhalo VK, Belanova AA, Beseda DK, Chikindas ML, Bren AB, Ermakov AM, Donnik IM, Belousova MM, Zolotukhin PV. Probiotic biomarkers and models upside down: From humans to animals. Vet Microbiol 2021; 261:109156. [PMID: 34388682 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics development for animal farming implies thorough testing of a vast variety of properties, including adhesion, toxicity, host cells signaling modulation, and immune effects. Being diverse, these properties are often tested individually and using separate biological models, with great emphasis on the host organism. Although being precise, this approach is cost-ineffective, limits the probiotics screening throughput and lacks informativeness due to the 'one model - one test - one property' principle. There is а solution coming from human-derived cells and in vitro systems, an extraordinary example of human models serving animal research. In the present review, we focus on the current outlooks of employing human-derived in vitro biological models in probiotics development for animal applications, examples of such studies and the analysis of concordance between these models and host-derived in vivo data. In our opinion, human-cells derived screening systems allow to test several probiotic properties at once with reasonable precision, great informativeness and less expenses and labor effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I Trukhachev
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia; Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya st., 49, Moscow, 127550, Russia.
| | - Victor K Chmykhalo
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Anna A Belanova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Darya K Beseda
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Michael L Chikindas
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia; Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bol'shaya Pirogovskaya Str., 19с1, Moscow, 119146, Russia.
| | - Anzhelika B Bren
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia; Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Alexey M Ermakov
- Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, Gagarin Square 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia.
| | - Irina M Donnik
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Ave., 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Marya M Belousova
- English Language Department for Natural Sciences Faculties, Southern Federal University, 5 Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Peter V Zolotukhin
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki Ave., 194/1, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
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30
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Han S, Lu Y, Xie J, Fei Y, Zheng G, Wang Z, Liu J, Lv L, Ling Z, Berglund B, Yao M, Li L. Probiotic Gastrointestinal Transit and Colonization After Oral Administration: A Long Journey. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:609722. [PMID: 33791234 PMCID: PMC8006270 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.609722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Orally administered probiotics encounter various challenges on their journey through the mouth, stomach, intestine and colon. The health benefits of probiotics are diminished mainly due to the substantial reduction of viable probiotic bacteria under the harsh conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and the colonization resistance caused by commensal bacteria. In this review, we illustrate the factors affecting probiotic viability and their mucoadhesive properties through their journey in the gastrointestinal tract, including a discussion on various mucosadhesion-related proteins on the probiotic cell surface which facilitate colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyi Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Fei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guiwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongxin Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Björn Berglund
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mingfei Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Harnentis H, Marlida Y, Nur YS, Wizna W, Santi MA, Septiani N, Adzitey F, Huda N. Novel probiotic lactic acid bacteria isolated from indigenous fermented foods from West Sumatera, Indonesia. Vet World 2020; 13:1922-1927. [PMID: 33132606 PMCID: PMC7566266 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1922-1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Probiotics play an important role in maintaining a healthy gut and consequently promote good health. This study aimed to find novel probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from indigenous fermented foods of West Sumatera, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This study utilized 10 LAB previously isolated from fermented buffalo milk (dadih), fermented fish (budu), and fermented cassava (tape) which have the ability to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid. The study commenced with the screening of LAB for certain properties, such as resistance to acid and bile salts, adhesion to mucosal surface, and antagonism against enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus). The promising isolates were identified through biochemical and gram staining methods. Results: All isolates in this study were potential novel probiotics. They survived at a pH level of 2.5 for 3 h (55.27-98.18%) and 6 h (50.98-84.91%). Survival in bile at a concentration of 0.3% was 39.90-58.61% and the survival rate was 28.38-52.11% at a concentration of 0.5%. The inhibitory diameter ranged from 8.75 to 11.54 mm for E. coli, 7.02 to 13.42 mm for S. aureus, and 12.49 to 19.00 mm for S. Enteritidis. All the isolates (84.5-92%) exhibited the ability to adhere to mucosal surfaces. This study revealed that all the isolates were potential probiotics but N16 proved to be superior because it was viable at a pH level of 2 (84.91%) and it had a good survival rate in bile salts assay (55.07%). This isolate was identified as Lactobacillus spp., Gram-positive bacilli bacteria, and tested negative in both the catalase and oxidase tests. Conclusion: All the isolates in this study may be used as probiotics, with isolate N16 (Lactobacillus spp.) as the most promising novel probiotic for poultry applications based on its ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnentis Harnentis
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Yetti Marlida
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Yuliaty Shafan Nur
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Wizna Wizna
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Melia Afnida Santi
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty Animal Husbandry, Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Nadia Septiani
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Frederick Adzitey
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University for Development Studies, Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Nurul Huda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.,Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Banten 42124, Indonesia
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32
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Shang J, Wan F, Zhao L, Meng X, Li B. Potential Immunomodulatory Activity of a Selected Strain Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 as Evidenced in vitro and in Immunosuppressed Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2089. [PMID: 32983062 PMCID: PMC7491056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is directly involved in the development and modulation of the intestinal immune system. In particular, members of the genus Bifidobacterium play a primary role in immune regulation. In the present study, Bifidobacterium bifidum H3-R2 was screened from 15 bifidobacterium strains by in vitro experiment, showing a positive tolerance to digestive tract conditions, adhesion ability to intestinal epithelial cells and a regulatory effect on immune cell activity. Immunostimulatory activity of B. bifidum H3-R2 was also elucidated in vivo in cytoxan (CTX)-treated mice. The results showed that the administration of B. bifidum H3-R2 ameliorated the CTX-induced bodyweight loss and imbalanced expression of inflammatory cytokines, enhanced the production of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), and promoted splenic lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity and phagocytosis of macrophages in immunosuppressed mice. In addition, B. bifidum H3-R2 restored injured intestinal mucosal, and increased the villus length and crypt depth in CTX-treated mice. The results could be helpful for understanding the functions of B. bifidum H3-R2, supporting its potential as a novel probiotic for immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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33
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In Silico Comparison Shows that the Pan-Genome of a Dairy-Related Bacterial Culture Collection Covers Most Reactions Annotated to Human Microbiomes. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8070966. [PMID: 32605102 PMCID: PMC7409220 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The diversity of the human microbiome is positively associated with human health. However, this diversity is endangered by Westernized dietary patterns that are characterized by a decreased nutrient variety. Diversity might potentially be improved by promoting dietary patterns rich in microbial strains. Various collections of bacterial cultures resulting from a century of dairy research are readily available worldwide, and could be exploited to contribute towards this end. We have conducted a functional in silico analysis of the metagenome of 24 strains, each representing one of the species in a bacterial culture collection composed of 626 sequenced strains, and compared the pathways potentially covered by this metagenome to the intestinal metagenome of four healthy, although overweight, humans. Remarkably, the pan-genome of the 24 strains covers 89% of the human gut microbiome’s annotated enzymatic reactions. Furthermore, the dairy microbial collection covers biological pathways, such as methylglyoxal degradation, sulfate reduction, γ-aminobutyric (GABA) acid degradation and salicylate degradation, which are differently covered among the four subjects and are involved in a range of cardiometabolic, intestinal, and neurological disorders. We conclude that microbial culture collections derived from dairy research have the genomic potential to complement and restore functional redundancy in human microbiomes.
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Jo YM, Seo H, Kim GY, Cheon SW, Kim SA, Park TS, Hurh BS, Han NS. Lactobacillus pentosus SMB718 as a probiotic starter producing allyl mercaptan in garlic and onion-enriched fermentation. Food Funct 2020; 11:10913-10924. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus pentosus SMB718 has the properties of being a beneficial probiotic for human health and is a desirable starter for better flavor in fermented allium species plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Jo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Ga Yun Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Seong Won Cheon
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Seul-Ah Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
| | - Tae Soon Park
- Sempio Fermentation Research Center
- Sempio Foods Company
- Cheongju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Serk Hurh
- Sempio Fermentation Research Center
- Sempio Foods Company
- Cheongju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Han
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Health Industry
- Division of Animal
- Horticultural
- and Food Sciences
- Chungbuk National University
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