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Ma W, Wang M, Wang M, Tao L, Li Y, Yang S, Zhang F, Sui S, Jia L. Assessment of the migration characteristics and source-oriented health risks of heavy metals in the soil and groundwater of a legacy contaminated by the chlor-alkali industry in central China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:280. [PMID: 38963449 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The chlor-alkali industry (CAI) is crucial for global chemical production; however, its operation has led to widespread heavy metal (HM) contamination at numerous sites, which has not been thoroughly investigated. This study analysed 122 soil and groundwater samples from a typical CAI site in Kaifeng, China. Our aim was to assess the ecological and health risks, identify the sources, and examine the migration characteristics of HMs at this site using Monte Carlo simulation, absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR), and the potential environmental risk index (Ei). Our findings revealed that the exceedance rates for Cd, Pb, Hg, and Ni were 71.96%, 45.79%, 49.59%, and 65.42%, respectively. Mercury (Hg) displayed the greatest coefficient of variation across all the soil layers, indicating a significant anthropogenic influence. Cd and Hg were identified as having high and extremely high potential environmental risk levels, respectively. The spatial distributions of the improved Nemerow index (INI), total ecological risk (Ri), and HM content varied considerably, with the most contaminated areas typically associated with the storage of raw and auxiliary materials. Surface aggregation and significant vertical transport were noted for HMs; As and Ni showed substantial accumulation in subsoil layers, severely contaminating the groundwater. Self-organizing maps categorized the samples into two different groups, showing strong positive correlations between Cd, Pb, and Hg. The APCS-MLR model suggested that industrial emissions were the main contributors, accounting for 60.3% of the total HM input. Elevated hazard quotient values for Hg posed significant noncarcinogenic risks, whereas acceptable levels of carcinogenic risk were observed for both adults (96.60%) and children (97.83%). This study significantly enhances historical CAI pollution data and offers valuable insights into ongoing environmental and health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqi Ma
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Mingya Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Mingshi Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China.
| | - Lu Tao
- Jiaozuo Environmental Monitoring Station, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Yuanhang Li
- Henan Non-Ferrous Geotechnical Engineering Company, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Shili Yang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Shaobo Sui
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
| | - Luhao Jia
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454003, China
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He X, Lin G, Zeng J, Yang Z, Wang L. Construction of algal-bacterial consortia using green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and As(III)-oxidizing bacteria: As tolerance and metabolomic profiling. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 139:258-266. [PMID: 38105053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation became a promising technology to resolve arsenic (As) contamination in aquatic environment. Since monoculture such as microalgae or bacteria was sensitive to environmental disturbance and vulnerable to contamination, green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and arsenite (As(III)) - oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. SMS11 were co-cultured to construct algal-bacterial consortia in the current study. The effects of algae-bacteria (A:B) ratio and exposure As(III) concentration on algal growth, As speciation and metabolomic profile were investigated. Algal growth arrested when treated with 100 mg/L As(III) without the co-cultured bacteria. By contrast, co-cultured with strain SMS11 significantly enhanced As tolerance in C. vulgaris especially with A:B ratio of 1:10. All the As(III) in culture media of the consortia were oxidized into As(V) on day 7. Methylation of As was observed on day 14. Over 1% and 0.5% of total As were converted into dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) after 21 days cultivation when the initial concentrations of As(III) were 1 and 10 mg/L, respectively. Metabolomic analysis was further performed to reveal the response of consortia metabolites to external As(III). The enriched metabolomic pathways were associated with carbohydrate, amino acid and energy metabolisms. Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were upregulated under As stress due to their biological functions on alleviating oxidative stress and protecting cells. Both carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms provided precursors and potential substrates for energy production and cell protection under abiotic stress. Alterations of the pathways relevant to carbohydrate or amino acid metabolism were triggered by energy requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guobing Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiayuan Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Xuan C, Jianfeng Z, Changshun S. Characteristics and risk assessment of sewage sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants in Shaanxi Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:799. [PMID: 37266739 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11420-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an investigation of important properties, including moisture content, pH, plant nutrients, organic matter, mineral oil, and the contents of heavy metals (HMs) in sewage sludge (SS) collected from 32 urban treatment plants in Shaanxi Province, China, was carried out. The test results showed that the pH and the moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and mineral oil contents of the SS varied over different rainfall periods, and most of the indicators met the standard criteria for SS agricultural reuse in China. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis indicated that the pollutant characteristics of the SS depended on time span and geographical distribution. The mean contents of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Hg, and As in SS were 3.95, 16.38, 5.43, 7.70, 1.31, 1.53, 32.77, and 1.40 times higher than the soil background values, respectively. Speciation analysis showed that the forms of HMs in the SS were significantly different. Assessments based on the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI), and potential ecological risk index (RI) suggested that HM pollution risk levels were either uncontaminated or moderately contaminated in some regions and that SS recycled for agricultural applications carried a low risk. In conclusion, certain potential ecological risks exist for SS agricultural utilization in Shaanxi Province, and it is necessary to reduce the HM content before SS resource utilization for land application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xuan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhang Jianfeng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Sun Changshun
- Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Wang P, Huang W, Ren F, Fan D. Pollution evaluation and source identification of heavy metals in soil around steel factories located in Lanshan District, Rizhao City, eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:657. [PMID: 37166535 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
More than 40 enterprises have settled in the constructed steel-supporting industrial park adjacent to the Yellow Sea in Lanshan District, Rizhao City, eastern China. The concentration of heavy metals in the soil around steel factories often exceeds the limit specified by the national environmental agency. In this study, nine metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Mn, Fe, and Mg) in the soil around the steel-supporting industrial park were examined, and 100 soil samples were analyzed. The pollution characteristics and sources of these heavy metals were obtained via pollution index analysis, potential ecological risk evaluation, geostatistical analysis, and multivariate statistical analysis combined with a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results indicated that the heavy metals showed varying accumulation levels, among which Cd, Ni, and Pb were the major heavy metals greatly influencing the soil quality. The area around the steel factories exhibited heavy pollution and a high ecological risk, and Ni and Cd were the main risk factors. The soil at the steel factories and that in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the study area attained higher heavy metal element contents than those in the soil in other parts. PMF analysis confirmed that Cu, Pb, and Cd originated from mixed agricultural and traffic sources. Mn was related to natural sources. Cr and Ni likely resulted from atmospheric deposition, and Zn, Cd, Fe, and Mg were mainly associated with industrial materials, with these four sources accounting for 32.68%, 12.2%, 27.57%, and 27.54%, respectively, of the total metal content. This study could facilitate the investigation, evaluation, and source identification of soil heavy metal pollution in industrial regions and surrounding areas of Lanshan District, Rizhao City.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Yan Tai Bei Lu 80, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Weihua Huang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Yan Tai Bei Lu 80, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fuyue Ren
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Yan Tai Bei Lu 80, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Deqiang Fan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Yan Tai Bei Lu 80, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China
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Lam EJ, Urrutia J, Bech J, Herrera C, Montofré ÍL, Zetola V, Álvarez FA, Cánovas M. Heavy metal pollution index calculation in geochemistry assessment: a case study on Playa Las Petroleras. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:409-426. [PMID: 35438435 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work is aimed to assess potential risk associated with the presence of metals and metalloids in soil at "Playa Las Petroleras" sector, located in Antofagasta (Chile). The zone under study has been affected by four oil spill events. This sector is located in an urban area by the sea. So, it has a great social and environmental relevance. The concentrations of 15 elements in soil samples were assessed, four of them presenting potential ecological risk: As, Co, Cu, and Pb. Nine pollution indices were applied to data: four single pollution indices and five integrated pollution indices to assess soil pollution. The single pollution indices show that the site bears potential ecological and environmental risk due to the presence of Cu, the site being classified as highly contaminated owing to a severe enrichment of this metal. For Co, all the indices allow classifying the site as little or uncontaminated, while the level of As and Pb pollution could be considered as ranging from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated. The integrated pollution indices show that average concentrations are highly contaminated mainly owing to the presence of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Lam
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Católica del Norte, 1270709, Antofagasta, Chile.
| | - Javier Urrutia
- Center for Research and Development of Water Ecosystems, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaume Bech
- Soil Sicence Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Herrera
- Center for Research and Development of Water Ecosystems, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ítalo L Montofré
- Mining Business School, ENM, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
- Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Universidad Católica del Norte, 1270709, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Vicente Zetola
- Construction Management Department, Universidad Católica del Norte, C.P. 1270709, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Fernando A Álvarez
- Mining Business School, ENM, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
- Administration Department, Universidad Católica del Norte, C.P. 1270709, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Manuel Cánovas
- Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Universidad Católica del Norte, 1270709, Antofagasta, Chile
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Liang J, Liu Z, Tian Y, Shi H, Fei Y, Qi J, Mo L. Research on health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil based on multi-factor source apportionment: A case study in Guangdong Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159991. [PMID: 36347288 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental problems caused by heavy metal pollution in soil have attracted widespread attention worldwide. Identifying and quantifying the heavy metal pollution sources and risks is crucial for subsequent soil management. In this study, an integrated source-risk method for source apportionment and risk assessment based on the PMF model, the geodetector model and the health risk assessment model (HRA) was proposed and applied. Analysis of Hg, As, Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Zn in 208 topsoils showed that the average contents of eight heavy metals were 1.87-5.86 times greater than corresponding background values, among which Cd and As were relatively high, which were higher than the specified soil risk screening values, high-value areas of heavy metals are mainly concentrated in the central part of the study area. The source apportionment showed that the accumulation of heavy metals was affected by five sources: atmospheric deposition (16.3 %), natural sources (33.1 %), industrial activities dominated by metal mining (15.1 %), industrial activities dominated by metal smelting (12.6 %) and traffic sources (22.9 %). The results of the health risk assessment showed that the carcinogenic risks (adult: 4.74E-05, children: 7.41E-05) of heavy metals in soil to the study population were both acceptable, the non-carcinogenic risk of adult (THI = 0.277) was within the limit, while the non-carcinogenic risk of children (THI = 1.70) was higher than the limit value. Ingestion (89.5 %-95.9 %) contributed the greatest health risk among all exposure routes. Source 3 (arsenic-related industrial activities dominated by metal mining) contributed the most to the HI and CRI of adults and children (all above 50 %), therefore, in the formulation stage of soil management strategy in this area, priority should be given to the control and management of this pollution source. These results can provide more detailed support for environmental protection departments to propose targeted soil pollution control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhaoyue Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yiqi Tian
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Huading Shi
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yang Fei
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Jingxian Qi
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Li Mo
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
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Zhang H, Tang Y, Li Q, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Shen Z, Chen C. Genetic and epigenetic variation separately contribute to range expansion and local metalliferous habitat adaptation during invasions of Chenopodium ambrosioides into China. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 130:1041-1056. [PMID: 36413156 PMCID: PMC9851312 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Invasive plants often colonize wide-ranging geographical areas with various local microenvironments. The specific roles of epigenetic and genetic variation during such expansion are still unclear. Chenopodium ambrosioides is a well-known invasive alien species in China that can thrive in metalliferous habitats. This study aims to comprehensively understand the effects of genetic and epigenetic variation on the successful invasion of C. ambrosioides. METHODS We sampled 367 individuals from 21 heavy metal-contaminated and uncontaminated sites with a wide geographical distribution in regions of China. We obtained environmental factors of these sampling sites, including 13 meteorological factors and the contents of four heavy metals in soils. Microsatellite markers were used to investigate the demographic history of C. ambrosioides populations in China. We also analysed the effect of epigenetic variation on metalliferous microhabitat adaptation using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers. A common garden experiment was conducted to compare heritable phenotypic variations among populations. KEY RESULTS Two distinct genetic clusters that diverged thousands of years ago were identified, suggesting that the eastern and south-western C. ambrosioides populations in China may have originated from independent introduction events without recombination. Genetic variation was shown to be a dominant determinant of phenotypic differentiation relative to epigenetic variation, and further affected the geographical distribution pattern of invasive C. ambrosioides. The global DNA unmethylation level was reduced in metalliferous habitats. Dozens of methylated loci were significantly associated with the heavy metal accumulation trait of C. ambrosioides and may contribute to coping with metalliferous microenvironments. CONCLUSIONS Our study of C. ambrosioides highlighted the dominant roles of genetic variation in large geographical range expansion and epigenetic variation in local metalliferous habitat adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yongwei Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Quanyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shangjun Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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Gorka R, Kumar R, Yadav S, Verma A. Health implications, distribution and source apportionment of heavy metals in road deposited dust of Jammu City in northern India. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136475. [PMID: 36122744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Road deposited dust (RDD) is an important indicators of heavy metal contamination in urban areas. In this study, we measured eight heavy metals (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) in RDD collected from 34 different locations in Jammu city represented by different land uses such as industrial, urban-residential, high-density traffic, and sub-urban locations, and evaluated their ecological and health risks. The ratio of metal concentrations in RDD to their respective background levels varied as: Cu (3.94) > Pb (3.75) > Zn (3.01) > Cr (1.75) > Ni (1.51) > Mn (1.40) > V (1.35) > Fe (1.1) suggesting Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb were enriched anthropogenically. Geospatial maps revealed a heterogeneous distribution of metals in Jammu city with metal(s) specific hotspots primarily localized around high traffic density locations and industrial clusters. The index of geoaccumulation indicated 32%, 26%, 20%, 9%, and 8%, of samples belonged to "moderately polluted" category for Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Ni respectively. Health index (HI) showed low non-carcinogenic hazards of metal contamination to adults but a high hazard to children. Though the values of total carcinogenic risks (TCR) (6.53E-05 to 3.71E-04) considerably exceeded the USEPA acceptable levels (1 × 10-6 ≤ TCR <1 × 10-4) suggesting high carcinogenic risks of metal contamination to both adults and children. Besides potential ecological risk index (PERI) revealed that 56% of samples had PERI >40 suggesting "moderate to high ecological risk" of metal contamination in the Jammu city RDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Gorka
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, J&K, 180006, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, J&K, 180006, India.
| | - Sudesh Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, India
| | - Anju Verma
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, India
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Lin G, Wang K, He X, Yang Z, Wang L. Characterization of physicochemical parameters and bioavailable heavy metals and their interactions with microbial community in arsenic-contaminated soils and sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49672-49683. [PMID: 35218496 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mobility and toxicity of heavy metal contamination in the environment are highly dependent on its bioavailability. Most of previous studies focused on total heavy metal contents and their influence on microbial community in soils and sediments. Little were concerned about bioavailable fractions. In the current study, soil and sediment samples were collected near an abandoned realgar mine in Shimen County, China. Bioavailable heavy metals including Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb in the samples were extracted using three-step sequential extraction method. Interactions among physicochemical parameters, total and bioavailable heavy metals, and microbial community in the collected samples were investigated. The study area has been severely contaminated by As with a concentration up to 2158 mg·kg-1 detected. The result of principal component analysis showed that the abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the soils were obviously different from those in the sediments. In the soil samples, pH made a dominant contribution on the OTU abundance of microbial community. Correlation analyses revealed that the alpha diversity indices and microbial taxon were most correlated with bioavailable fractions of heavy metals in all the samples. That means bioavailable heavy metals rather than total heavy metals or physicochemical parameters played a more important role on richness and diversity of microbial community. Little connections were observed between microbial community and As no matter total concentration or bioavailable fraction. However, bioavailable Fe and Mn were recognized as the major driving force shaping the taxonomic structure of microbial community due to their relatively high concentrations and high affinity to other heavy metal contamination in soils and sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaoman He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Jin Y, Zhou Q, Wang X, Zhang H, Yang G, Lei T, Mei S, Yang H, Liu L, Yang H, Lv J, Jiang Y. Heavy Metals in the Mainstream Water of the Yangtze River Downstream: Distribution, Sources and Health Risk Assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106204. [PMID: 35627741 PMCID: PMC9140839 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the mainstream of the Yangtze River lower reach is an important drinking water source for residents alongside it, it is essential to investigate the concentration, distribution characteristics and health risks of heavy metals in the water. In this study, a total of 110 water samples were collected on both the left and right banks from the upstream to the downstream. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the sources of heavy metals. Their non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were studied with health risk assessment models, and uncertainties were determined through Monte Carlo simulation. Results showed that concentrations of all heavy metals were significantly lower than the relevant authoritative standards in the studied area. From the upstream to the downstream, Ni, Cu and Cr had similar concentration distribution rules and mainly originated from human industrial activities. Pb, Cd and Zn had a fluctuating but increasing trend, which was mainly due to the primary geochemistry, traffic pollution and agricultural activities. The maximum As concentration appeared in the upstream mainly because of the carbonatite weathering or mine tail water discharge. Concentrations of Zn, As, Cd and Pb on the left bank were higher than those on the right bank, while concentrations of Cu, Ni and Cr on the right bank were higher than those on the left bank. The non-carcinogenic risk index (HI) was less than 1 (except of L11), and HI on the left bank was higher than that on the right bank. The carcinogenic risk (CR) was generally larger than 1.0 × 10−4, CR on the right bank overall was higher than that on the left bank, and the health risk of kids was greater than that of adults. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulation results and the actual calculated values were basically the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.J.); (L.L.)
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Quanping Zhou
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
| | - Hong Zhang
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Ting Lei
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Shijia Mei
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.J.); (L.L.)
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jinsong Lv
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yuehua Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.J.); (L.L.)
- Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China; (Q.Z.); (H.Z.); (G.Y.); (T.L.); (S.M.); (H.Y.); (H.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Eco-Geological Processes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210016, China
- Correspondence:
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11
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Liu P, Xiao W, Wang K, Yang Z, Wang L. Bioaccessibility of Cd and its Correlation with Divalent Mineral Nutrients in Locally Grown Rice from Two Provinces in China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1408-1417. [PMID: 33846929 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rice and rice products are the main sources of Cd contamination in humans. The total and bioaccessible concentrations of Cd and three divalent nutrients, Mn, Cu, and Zn, in locally grown rice grains from Hunan and Guangdong Provinces in China were investigated. An in vitro physiologically based extraction test method was introduced to evaluate the bioaccessibility of the target metals in the rice grains. The mean concentrations of Cd in the rice grains were 0.245 mg/kg and 0.235 mg/kg from Hunan and Guangdong Provinces, respectively. Large variations were observed in the Cd concentrations, indicating a heterogeneous distribution of Cd contamination throughout the study areas. The bioaccessibility of Cd, Mn, and Zn in the gastrointestinal fractions was significantly lower than that in the gastric fractions. In contrast, the bioaccessibility of Cu at the intestinal phase was detected in the rice grains from both provinces. The correlation analysis showed significant relationships between total Cd concentrations and bioaccessible Cd fractions, indicating that higher total Cd in rice grains always resulted in higher bioaccessible Cd. Consistent correlations in the rice grains were observed between Zn and Mn. However, a lack of correlation was found between Cd and Zn in the current study. Risk assessment according to bioaccessible Cd would significantly reduce the exposure risk to Cd from rice consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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12
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Tashakor M, Modabberi S, Argyraki A. Assessing the contamination level, sources and risk of potentially toxic elements in urban soil and dust of Iranian cities using secondary data of published literature. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:645-675. [PMID: 34115271 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Research in urban geochemistry has been expanding globally in recent years, following the trend of the ever-increasing human population living in cities. Environmental problems caused by non-degradable pollutants such as metals and metalloids are of particular interest considering the potential to affect the health of current and future urban residents. In comparison with the extensive global research on urban geochemistry, Iranian cities have not received sufficient study. However, rapid and often uncontrolled urban expansion in Iran over recent years has contributed to an increasing number of studies concerning contamination of urban soil and dust. The present work is based on a comprehensive nationwide evaluation and intercomparison of published quantitative datasets to determine the contamination levels of Iranian cities with respect to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and assess health risks for urban population. Calculation of geoaccumulation, pollution, and integrated pollution indices facilitated the identification of the elements of most concern in the cities, while both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks have been assessed using a widely accepted health-risk model. The analysis of secondary, literature data revealed a trend of contamination, particularly in old and industrial cities with some alarming levels of health risks. Among the elements of concern, As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were found to be most enriched in soils and dusts of the studied cities based on the calculated geochemical indices. The necessity of designing strategic plans to mitigate possible adverse effects of elevated PTE concentrations in urban environments is emphasized considering the role of long-term exposure in the occurrence of chronic carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Tashakor
- School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, 16th Azar St., Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soroush Modabberi
- School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, 16th Azar St., Tehran, Iran
| | - Ariadne Argyraki
- Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15784, Athens, Greece
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13
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Heavy metal concentration and its distribution analysis in urban road dust: A case study from most populated city of Indian state of Uttarakhand. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2022; 40:100470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2021.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Xiao W, Lin G, He X, Yang Z, Wang L. Interactions among heavy metal bioaccessibility, soil properties and microbial community in phyto-remediated soils nearby an abandoned realgar mine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131638. [PMID: 34303908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil samples were collected from a representative arsenic (As) contaminated region under phytoremediation of hyperaccumulation plants. Relative abundance and diversity of microbial communities in the soil samples were characterized via 16S rRNA genes sequencing. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes and Firmicutes shows the highest abundance, accounting for more than 90 % of the classified sequences in the soil samples. Physicochemical parameters including pH, total organic carbon (TOC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity (EC), and heavy metal concentrations including total and bioaccessible contents in the soil samples were determined to investigate potential relationships between the microbial communities and the environmental factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) matrix revealed distinct separation among the samples. The soil pH was confirmed as the dominant force to discriminate the soil samples with similar land use type and heavy metal contamination. There was little relevance between the total concentrations of heavy metals and the microbial communities. However, the bioaccessible concentrations of heavy metals were associated with the physicochemical parameters and relative abundances of bacterial genera according to correlation analyses. Although the soil samples were considerably contaminated by As, the abundances of bacterial phyla linked with As were lower than 1.0 % in most of the soil samples. The results indicated that the abundances of microbial communities in the soils were the consequence of concerted effects from all the environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Guobing Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaoman He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Guo Z, Peng C, Deng H, Xiao X. A questionnaire based probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) of heavy metals in urban and suburban soils under different land uses and receptor populations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148525. [PMID: 34175607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The choice of receptor populations is crucial for assessing the health risk posed by heavy metals in soil. A total of 457 questionnaires were conducted on 10 sensitive receptor populations, which were exposed to potentially contaminated soil under four land uses, to determine their exposure frequency (EF) and exposure time (ET) values. The exposure risk (ER: the probability of being exposed to target soil) varied between the receptor populations because of their different EF and ET values. Green maintenance workers in park soil, who had fixed outdoor working hours (6 or 7 days per week and 8 h per day), had the highest EF and ET values, while adults and children who visited parks only at weekends had the lowest EF values. Green maintenance workers, sanitation workers, and children faced the highest hazards (i.e., hazard index (HI) values) from heavy metals in soil in parks and residential areas, roadsides, and farmland, and were found to be the most sensitive receptor populations (MSRPs) for these land uses. The 90th percentile of the HI value for the four land uses based on MSRPs followed the order of roadsides (0.48) > parks (0.44) > residential areas (0.21) > suburban farmlands(0.18), and all were lower than 1, indicating a virtually safe level. Washing hands immediately and wearing shoes when working on farmland considerably reduced the HI values by 56.6%. The EF, ET, and body weight (BW) values were the most sensitive parameters in the health risk assessment. The results suggested that the type of receptor population will greatly affect the results of a health risk assessment for soil pollutants. It is necessary to select the risk receptors carefully based on the land use types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Haoyu Deng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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16
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Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Soils from Handan City. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil-heavy metals are potentially harmful to the ecosystem and human health. Quantifying heavy metals sources is conducive to pollution control. In this study, 64 surface-soil samples were collected in Handan city. Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined; then, their spatial distribution in the sampling area was drawn by ArcGIS. The pollution index (PI) method, geo-accumulation index (Igeo) method, Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) and pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the pollution level of heavy metals in surface soil; then, an ecological and health risk assessment of soil-heavy metals was carried out. Combined with the spatial distribution, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, PCA and PMF model, the pollution sources of heavy metals in soil were identified and apportioned. The results showed that the average content of Cd was nearly ten times that of the background limit, which was the most serious among the studied metals. In terms of non-carcinogenic risk, Cr had the highest value, followed by Pb. In terms of carcinogenic risk, Cd, Cr, and Ni had an acceptable or tolerable risk. Three pollution sources were identified by cluster analysis and PCA, including traffic sources with Cu, Pb and Cd as main loads, industrial sources with Mn, Cd and Zn as main loads, and natural sources with Cr and Ni as main loads. The PMF model analyzed three main factors: traffic source (17.61%), natural source (28.62%) and industrial source (53.77%). The source categories and the main load elements obtained from the source apportionment results were consistent with the source identification results.
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17
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Xu F, Chen P, Li H, Qiao S, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu B, Liu H, Wang C, Xu H. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the differential response to cadmium stress of two Pleurotus fungi: Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus ostreatus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125814. [PMID: 33866290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus has great potential for heavy metal mycoremediation. Using comparative transcriptome analysis, the response of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus cornucopiae under Cd contamination was evaluated. P. ostreatus and P. cornucopia accumulated 0.34 and 0.46 mg/g Cd in mycelium, respectively. Cd removal elevated with its concentration elevation, which reached 56.47% and 54.60% for P. ostreatus and P. cornucopia with Cd at 20 mg/L. Low-level Cd (≤ 1 mg/L) had no significant influence on either fungus, while varied response was observed under high-level Cd. 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in P. cornucopia at Cd1 and Cd20, whereas 12,551 DEGs in P. ostreatus. Differentially regulated functional categories and pathways were also identified. ATP-binding cassette transporters were involved in Cd transport in P. cornucopia, whereas the endocytosis and phagosome pathways were more enhanced in P. ostreatus. 26 enzymes including peroxisomal enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were upregulated in P. ostreatus, whereas only cytosolic catalase was overexpressed in P. cornucopia, suggesting their different Cd detoxification pathways. Also, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway involved in Cd resistance in both species instead of glutathione metabolism, although more active in P. ostreatus. These findings provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of mycoremediation and accumulator screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Suyu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bohan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huangkang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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18
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Kumar V, Bhatti SS, Nagpal AK. Assessment of Metal(loid) Contamination and Genotoxic Potential of Agricultural Soils. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:272-284. [PMID: 34272567 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil, a connecting link between biotic and abiotic components of terrestrial ecosystem, receives different kinds of pollutants through various point and nonpoint sources. Among different sources of soil pollution, contaminated irrigation water is one of the most prominent sources affecting soils throughout the globe. The irrigation water (both surface and groundwater) is increasingly getting polluted with contaminants such as metal(loid)s due to various anthropogenic activities. The present study was conducted to analyze metal(loid) contents in agricultural soil samples (N = 24) collected from fields along the banks of rivers Beas and Sutlej flowing through Punjab state of India, using wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectroscopy. The soil samples were also analyzed for their genotoxic potential using Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay. The rivers Beas and Sutlej are contaminated with municipal and industrial effluents in different parts of Punjab. The soil samples analyzed were found to have higher contents of arsenic, cobalt and chromium in comparison with the reference values given by various international agencies. Pollution assessment using different indices like index of geo-accumulation, enrichment factor and contamination factor revealed that the soil samples were highly polluted with cobalt and arsenic. The Allium cepa assay revealed that maximum genotoxicity was found in soil samples having higher contents of As and Co. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlation between the different metal(loid)s which indicated common sources of these metal(loid)s. Therefore, efforts must be taken to reduce the levels of these metal(loid)s in these agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaneet Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
- Department of Botany, S.L. Bawa DAV College, Batala, 143505, India.
| | - Sandip Singh Bhatti
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Avinash Kaur Nagpal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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19
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Wu Q, Hu W, Wang H, Liu P, Wang X, Huang B. Spatial distribution, ecological risk and sources of heavy metals in soils from a typical economic development area, Southeastern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146557. [PMID: 33770599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Identification and quantification of the distribution, ecological risk, and sources of heavy metals in soils are essential for regional pollution control and management. In this study, spatial analysis (SA), GeogDetector model (GDM), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were combined to evaluate the status, ecological risk, and sources of heavy metals in soils from a typical coastal economic development area in Southeastern China. The mean contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn in the surface soils (0-20 cm) were 0.45, 41.72, 90.50, 47.86, and 145.33 mg/kg, respectively. In accordance, the mean contents of Cd exceeded the risk screening value for contamination of agricultural soil in China. Our results revealed that industrial and residential soils had higher enrichment of heavy metals than agricultural and fallow soils. Industrial production was the major driving factors influencing the spatial distribution of heavy metals. Soil OM and pH were found to be the most important factors affecting the potential ecological risk of heavy metals, followed by distance from the industrial enterprises and roads. Heavy metals in the study area were mainly originated from industrial emissions/atmospheric deposition, agricultural sources, and followed by natural sources. Therefore, regular monitoring and source control for heavy metals, especially for Cd, along with the integrated soil environmental management in the study area are crucial to ensure soil health and ecosystem security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenyou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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20
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Wan X, Yang T, Zhang Q, Yan X, Hu C, Sun L, Zheng Y. A novel comprehensive model of set pair analysis with extenics for river health evaluation and prediction of semi-arid basin - A case study of Wei River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145845. [PMID: 33631562 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The accelerated development of urbanization in semi-arid areas is easy to cause varying degrees of disturbance to its fragile aquatic ecosystem. To find a general method for assessing the health status in semi-arid basins in China, and to provide theoretical basis for river health management and sustainable development, this study is that health evaluation index system is established in the Wei River Basin, covering a huge semi-arid area, and analyzed the biological structure of plankton obtained by field sampling and identified in laboratory, chemical conditions including dissolved oxygen, water temperature, ammonia nitrogen, pH, chlorophyll and other water physical and chemical factors determined by field instruments and sediment heavy metals analyzed in laboratory, physical habitat scored on site and social factors including water resource utilization rate and water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP collected in local water resource bulletin. Based on the idea of game theory, an improved coupling model of set pair analysis with extenics is established to assess and predict health. The results show that Wei River System and Jing River System are healthy, Beiluo River System is sub-healthy, and the whole Wei River Basin is also healthy; most of the cross-sections have a tendency to change to a bad level. Compared with simple weighting, set pair analysis and variable fuzzy set methods based on the corresponding sampling data and the weight in this paper, the coupling model can explain the transition and its trend between levels, reflect the certainty and uncertainty, and get more accurate results. It is suggested that daily monitoring and management should be strengthened in most sections to improve their health. And improve the development level of ecological function and social service function, give priority to the development of downstream water resources economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Wan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuerong Yan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changtong Hu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Laikang Sun
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Zheng
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Identifying the Source of Heavy Metal Pollution and Apportionment in Agricultural Soils Impacted by Different Smelters in China by the Positive Matrix Factorization Model and the Pb Isotope Ratio Method. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the agricultural soil around Zhuzhou Smelter in Zhuzhou district, Hunan, China and Huludao Zinc Plant in Huludao district, Liaoning, China was selected as the research area to discuss the current situation of heavy metal pollution in the surrounding agricultural soil caused by different smelting plants for soil environmental management and sustainable development of soil resources. Eight elements’ (Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn) contents were measured to assess their pollution risk level and spatial distribution distinction. Correlation analysis, the positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Pb isotope ratio method were employed to analyze the sources of soil heavy metal pollution in the research area. The contents of Cd, Pb, Hg, and Zn in the soil of the two research areas were seriously polluted, and the changes of their spatial content were related to the migration and sedimentation of the smelter waste gas. Four types of pollution sources, including the smelting source, agricultural sources, natural sources, and mixed sources of industrial activity and traffic were identified in both areas by PMF, and the contribution rates of the four pollution sources in both areas were similar. Taking the agricultural soil around Huludao Zinc Plant as an example, the contribution rates of the different pollution sources analyzed by Pb isotope ratio method were the lead smelting source (43.7%), followed by the agricultural source (34.6%), traffic source (14.2%), and natural source (7.5%), which were basically consistent with that of PMF analysis, verifying the reliability of the two methods. The results above showed that the smelters were the main cause of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils around the two research areas, and the analysis results of element content ratio and smelting source characteristic element contribution rate ratio could provide reference for the analysis of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil around smelters for soil pollution control decision making.
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Izydorczyk G, Mironiuk M, Baśladyńska S, Mikulewicz M, Chojnacka K. Hair mineral analysis in the population of students living in the Lower Silesia region (Poland) in 2019: Comparison with biomonitoring study in 2009 and literature data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 196:110441. [PMID: 33181137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents a comparative analysis of biomonitoring research results using hair mineral analysis today and 10 years ago. The aim of the present work was to examine the impact of individual factors, on the content of elements in human hair. The mineral analysis of 115 hair samples was carried out using ICP-OES and AAS technique. It was shown that calcium, barium, copper, mercury, magnesium, manganese and selenium content depend on gender and is higher for women. Statistically significant synergistic correlations were identified between the following pairs of elements: (Ca-Mg), (P-S), (Mo-Sb) and (Ba-Pb). The results of the present work were compared with the previous assessment in 2009 on students of the same age. The content of most of the heavy metals in hair was reduced significantly, which is a sign of the improving state of the local environment. The greatest decrease was recorded for silver (96.6%), arsenic (93.4%), mercury (45.1%), lead (67.7%), antimony (55.2%), thallium (10 times) and cobalt (93.7%). The level of the following elements increased: Ba: 27.3%, Cu: 28.5%, Ni: 22.4%, Ti: 191%, Zn: 11.0%. Changes in the content of most heavy metals in hair have been noted, as well as changes of reference ranges, which may indicate an improvement in the state of the environment in Wrocław, Lower Silesia (Poland) over the last 10 years. These results were confirmed by biomonitoring studies carried out with human hair, which was shown to be a reliable biomarker of human exposure to toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sylwia Baśladyńska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Mikulewicz
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Division of Facial Abnormalities, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372, Wrocław, Poland
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Kaur M, Bhatti SS, Katnoria JK, Nagpal AK. Investigation of metal concentrations in roadside soils and plants in urban areas of Amritsar, Punjab, India, under different traffic densities. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:222. [PMID: 33763761 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vehicular emissions containing traces of different heavy metals are known to cause significant contamination of roadside soils and plants. The present study was conducted to investigate the heavy metal concentrations in roadside soil and plant samples (Alstonia scholaris, Nerium oleander, Tabernaemontana divaricata, and Thevetia peruviana) collected from urban areas of Amritsar city of Punjab, India, under different traffic densities. The soil and plant samples were collected in pre- and post-monsoon seasons from seven roadside sites under varying levels of traffic density and analyzed for four heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn). In addition to that, total protein and carotenoid contents in plant samples were also determined. pH and electrical conductivity analysis of roadside soil samples revealed slight to strongly alkaline and non-saline nature of soil. Significant reduction in contents of total proteins and carotenoids was observed in plants collected from sites with moderate to high traffic density. The trend of heavy metal contents in plants and their corresponding soil samples was observed to be Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd for both the seasons. Index of geo-accumulation indicated moderate contamination of soil with metals analyzed, while bio-accumulation factor (BAF) showed both absorption and accumulation of metals in plants under study. The study revealed significant contamination of roadside soil and plants of Amritsar city which was linked to vehicular emissions posing potential risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Henan Key Laboratory of Earth System Observation and Modelling, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- College of Environment and Planning, Jinming Campus, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Sandip Singh Bhatti
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Kaur Katnoria
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Avinash Kaur Nagpal
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Yang Z, Li X, Wang Y, Chang J, Liu X. Trace element contamination in urban topsoil in China during 2000-2009 and 2010-2019: Pollution assessment and spatiotemporal analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143647. [PMID: 33280869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese government has launched a critical battle against soil pollution in recent years to establish an effective pollution prevention and control framework. This study sought to investigate the long-term pollution status of potentially toxic trace elements in urban topsoil nationwide, and to further investigate the effectiveness of pollution control over the past decade. The concentrations of 8 elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in urban topsoil in China between 2000-2009 and 2010-2019 were separately collected for comparative analysis. Individual and comprehensive pollution levels of the elements were evaluated at the city, provincial, regional, and national scales, and further spatially mapped using GIS. Combined with PCA, the main factors influencing these elements in soil nationwide were identified. The results revealed a severe situation in terms of potentially toxic trace element accumulation in urban topsoil, where the NNIPIs surpassed 3 in both periods. The elements As, Cd, and Hg were closely associated with industrial activity and coal burning. Hg and, in particular, Cd pollution (NPI > 3) were found to be severe in most of the cities studied. For the elements As, Cu, Pb, and Zn, pollution ranged from slight to moderate (1.0 < NPI ≤ 3.0), and Cu, Pb, and Zn were related to a significant degree with vehicle use. Soil Cr and Ni were mainly controlled by parent materials of lithogenic origin, and slight pollution was identified (1.0 < NPI ≤ 2.0). Pollution patterns showed different characteristics across the regions, and those of the same region and the nation hardly changed over time. Mercury pollution was dominant in the northern regions (NW, MYeR, NE, and NC), while Cd pollution was more severe for the south (EC, MYaR, SC, and SW). Notably, the country's comprehensive pollution level was stable across the two periods, with momentum towards improvement observed over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongping Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Xuyong Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jiazhuo Chang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400045, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Environmental Geological Hazards in the TGR Area Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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25
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Xiong B, Li R, Johnson D, Luo Y, Xi Y, Ren D, Huang Y. Spatial distribution, risk assessment, and source identification of heavy metals in water from the Xiangxi River, Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:915-930. [PMID: 32535759 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) contamination in rivers has attracted wide concern due to its persistence and potential risks to the natural environment and human health. In this study, eight HMs (As, Hg, Cu, Pb, Ca, Zn, Mn, and Ni) were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 24 water samples to investigate HMs contamination levels in the Xiangxi River of the Yangtze River basin. A geographic information systems kriging interpolation method was used to reveal the spatial distribution of HMs contamination. The results indicate that most HMs occurred at acceptable levels below the Surface Water Quality Standard (GB 3838-2002), with the highest concentration (23.23 mg kg-1) of Mn being observed at sampling site X20. The values of the potential ecological risk index (RI) suggest that high potential ecological risks were present at sampling sites X1, X3, X4, X14, X16, X17, and X24, which reached moderate risk level. The highest value of RI (279.56) was observed at site X17. HM spatial distributions show that upstream pollution is more severe than downstream. The hazard index was below 1 for all HMs except for Mn, indicating that HMs in Xiangxi River pose a low risk to human health. HM source identification was accomplished using principal component analysis and Pearson's correlation. Cu, Cd, Ni, and Hg originate primarily from agriculture, while Pb, Zn, and As originate primarily from transportation and mining. This research provides a reference on the risks posed by HMs in Xiangxi River and will support efforts to protect and improve water quality in Xiangxi River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xiong
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiping Li
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - David Johnson
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhong Luo
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Xi
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yingping Huang
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Farmland Environment Monitoring, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, Hubei, China.
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26
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Zhang J, Shi Q, Fan S, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhang J. Distinction between Cr and other heavy-metal-resistant bacteria involved in C/N cycling in contaminated soils of copper producing sites. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123454. [PMID: 32683159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For typical copper producing provinces of Heilongjiang, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Shandong, Tibet, and Yunnan in China, 90 % of sampling sites were heavily polluted with multiple heavy metals. Soil heterogeneity and mutual interference of multimetals are obstacles to explore bacterial resistance pathways in contaminated field soils. Through analyses of contamination indices and bioindicators, combined with multivariate statistical models, the antioxidant enzyme activity, urease-induced precipitation of heavy metals, excretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were attributed to different types of heavy metals. Furthermore, through redundancy analysis combined with phylogenetic analysis of metal-resistant bacteria, we identified that Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria, and Planctomycetes secreted EPS-polysaccharides and EPS-proteins to detoxify Cr, a metal with lower concentrations and lower ecological risk as compared to other metals. The pathway was innovatively differentiated from the multimetal resistance pathways in urease and/or catalase-producing bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, BRC1, Bacteroidetes, Dadabacteria, Entotheonellaeota, Nitrospirae, and Gemmatimonadetes using field studies and high-throughput sequencing. Moreover, these metal-resistant bacteria were linked to C/N cycling processes of urea hydrolysis, nitrification, denitrification, EPS production, and calcite precipitation. It will provide new insight into soil bacterial resistance to multimetals in field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Shukai Fan
- Environmental Engineering Institute, BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing 100160, PR China.
| | - Yafei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Minghua Zhang
- College of AgRicultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South St., Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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27
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Xiao H, Shahab A, Xi B, Chang Q, You S, Li J, Sun X, Huang H, Li X. Heavy metal pollution, ecological risk, spatial distribution, and source identification in sediments of the Lijiang River, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116189. [PMID: 33288295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Lijiang River is of great ecological and environmental importance for Guilin City, which is located in the karst area of southeast China. Given its importance, a detailed evaluation of the heavy metals (HMs) in the river sediment is required. For the first time, 61 sediment samples were collected along the entire Lijiang River to determine pollution level and ecological risk posed by 10 HMs (Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, Hg, and Cd). These were assessed using the geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk index, and modified degree of contamination. The results showed that the mean concentrations of the majority of HMs exceeded their corresponding background values and followed the trend: midstream > downstream > upstream. Based on the spatial distributions and pollution indices of the 10 HMs, the Lijiang River was found to have a high accumulation of Cd, Hg, Zn, and Pb in the sediments. The midstream area was the most polluted with respect to Cd and Hg, and also posed a relatively higher potential ecological risk than the downstream and upstream areas. The sources of the assessed HMs were inferred based on a correlation analysis and principal component analysis, which identified both natural and anthropogenic sources. A higher pollution potential was associated with Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn in the midstream and downstream areas due to higher organic and carbonate content, urbanization, agricultural activities, and leisure activities (e.g., boating and cruises). In contrast, natural erosion and weathering processes were responsible for the HM concentrations in the upstream area. The findings of this study will help the local authorities to protect the important water resource of the Lijiang River.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Qixin Chang
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China
| | - Shaohong You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Jieyue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hongwei Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Xiangkui Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, PR China
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28
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da Silva EB, Gao P, Xu M, Guan D, Tang X, Ma LQ. Background concentrations of trace metals As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in 214 Florida urban soils: Different cities and land uses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114737. [PMID: 32559860 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination in urban environment by trace metals is of public concerns. For better risk assessment, it is important to determine their background concentrations in urban soils. For this study, we determined the background concentrations of 9 trace metals including As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in 214 urban soils in Florida from two large cities (Orlando and Tampa) and 4 small cities (Clay County, Ocala, Pensacola and West Palm Beach). The objectives were to determine: 1) total concentrations of trace metals in urban soils in cities of different size; 2) compare background concentrations to Florida Soil Cleanup Target Levels (FSCTLs); and 3) determine their distribution and variability in urban soils via multivariate statistical analysis. Elemental concentrations in urban soils were variable, with Pb being the highest in 5 cities (165-552 mg kg-1) and Zn being the highest concentration in Tampa (1,000 mg kg-1). Besides, the As and Pb concentrations in some soils exceeded the FSCTL for residential sites at 2.1 mg kg-1 As and 400 mg kg-1 Pb. Among the cities, Clay County and Orlando had the lowest concentrations for most elements, with Cd, Co, and As being the lowest while Ba, Pb and Zn being the highest. Among all values, geometric means were the lowest while 95th percentile was the highest for all metals. Most 95th percentile values were 2-3 folds higher than the GM data, with Pb presenting the greatest difference, being 4 times greater than GM value (58.9 vs. 13.6 mg kg-1). Still they were lower than FSCTL, with As exceeding FSCTL for residential sites at 2.1 mg kg-1. In addition, the linear discriminate analysis showed distinct separation among the cities: Ocala (Ba & Ni) and Pensacola (As & Pb) were distinctly different from each other and from other cities with higher metal concentrations. The large variations among elemental concentrations showed the importance to establish proper background concentrations of trace metals in urban soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro B da Silva
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94304, USA
| | - Min Xu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dongxing Guan
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xianjin Tang
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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29
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Iqbal Z, Abbas F, Ibrahim M, Qureshi TI, Gul M, Mahmood A. Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in raw milk of buffalo feeding at wastewater-irrigated agricultural farms in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:29567-29579. [PMID: 32445147 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation to grow fodder for animals and cattle farming is common practice in Pakistan. Hence, this study was conducted in Multan, Pakistan, to assess heavy metal pollution, human health risk and the total target health quotient (TTHQ) of heavy metals in raw milk of buffalo feeding at different agricultural farms and to identify sources of toxicity in milk. Samples of raw milk (n = 60) were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb by ICP-OES, Perkin Elmer, USA. The TTHQ values of heavy metals ranged from 6.92 to 42.44 in raw milk of buffalo, highest at wastewater-irrigated agricultural farms and lowest at tube well water site, indicating high carcinogenic health risk to exposed population. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed that contaminated fodder like Maize and Brassica plants grown with wastewater and contaminated soil are common sources contributing the heavy metal contamination in raw milk. It invites attention of government to remediate the situation to avoid the potential risks to public health from resulting food chain contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Environmental Protection Agency, Ferozepur road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Imran Qureshi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, NFC-Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Matin Gul
- Department of Educational Planning, Policy Studies and Leadership (EPPSL), Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan
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30
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Concentrations, Spatial Distributions, and Sources of Heavy Metals in Surface Soils of the Coal Mining City Wuhai, China. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/4705954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown that soils surrounding mining areas are seriously polluted by heavy metals. In this study, 58 topsoil samples were systematically collected throughout the coal mining city Wuhai, located within the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The concentrations of As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in these samples were measured and statistically analyzed. The mean concentrations of all heavy metals were lower than their Grade I values defined by the Chinese Soil Quality Standard. However, the mean concentrations of individual heavy metals in many samples exceeded their background values. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was analyzed by the ordinary kriging interpolation method. The positive matrix factorization model was used to ascertain contamination sources of the eight heavy metals and to apportion the contribution of each source. The most severely polluted area was the Wuhushan mine site in the Wuda district of Wuhai. Our results showed that coal mining strongly affected heavy metal contamination of the local soils. Results of source apportionment indicated that contributions from industrial activities, atmospheric deposition, agricultural activities, and natural sources were 31.3%, 26.3%, 21.9%, and 20.5%, respectively. This clearly demonstrates that anthropogenic activities have markedly higher contribution rates than natural sources to heavy metal pollution in soils in this area.
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Zhang Z, Zhang N, Li H, Lu Y, Yang Z. Potential health risk assessment for inhabitants posed by heavy metals in rice in Zijiang River basin, Hunan Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:24013-24024. [PMID: 32304056 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The contents of total arsenic (tAs), inorganic arsenic (iAs), Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn in 135 rice grain samples from Zijiang River basin were determined, and the probabilistic distribution of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks associated with ingesting locally produced rice was determined by Monte Carlo simulation. Further, multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the potential sources of the heavy metals in rice grains. The average concentrations of the heavy metals in rice grains were ranked as follows: Mn (17.314 mg/kg) > Zn (16.043 mg/kg) > Cu (2.013 mg/kg) > Ni (1.332 mg/kg) > Cr (0.571 mg/kg) > Cd (0.283 mg/kg) > tAs (0.241 mg/kg) > Pb (0.145 mg/kg) > Sb (0.027 mg/kg). These heavy metals were significantly enriched in some rice grain samples. The analysis of potential sources indicated that As, Pb, Sb, and Zn were mainly derived from mining and smelting and agricultural activities; Cd, Cu, Mn, and Ni were mainly derived from the agricultural activities; Cr were mainly derived from the natural source. The results of Monte Carlo simulation indicated that ingestion of rice grown in the area may pose health risks for children, adult males, and adult females. The noncarcinogenic risks were mainly from As, Cd, Mn, Ni, and Sb, and the carcinogenic risk was mainly from As, Cd, and Ni. This study could provide basic information for land management and rice intake in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxue Zhang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Zhang W, Liu M, Li C. Soil heavy metal contamination assessment in the Hun-Taizi River watershed, China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8730. [PMID: 32457428 PMCID: PMC7250917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hun-Taizi River watershed includes the main part of the Liaoning central urban agglomeration, which contains six cities with an 80-year industrial history. A total of 272 samples were collected from different land use areas within the study area to estimate the concentration levels, spatial distributions and potential sources of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) with a geographic information system (GIS), principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Only the concentration of Cd was over the national standard value (GB 15618–2018). However, the heavy metal concentrations at 24.54%, 71.43%, 63.37%, 85.71, 70.33%, 53.11%, and 72.16% of the sampling points were higher than the local soil background values for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively, which were used as standard values in this study. The maximal values of Cd (16.61 times higher than the background value) and Hg (12.18 times higher than the background value) had high concentrations, while Cd was present in the study area at higher values than in some other basins in China. Cd was the primary pollutant in the study area due to its concentration and potential ecological risk contribution. The results of the potential ecological risk index (RI) calculation showed that the overall heavy metal pollution level of the soil was considerably high. Three groups of heavy metals with similar distributions and sources were identified through PCA. The results of the CCA showed that the distribution of mines was the strongest factor affecting the distributions of Ni, As, Zn, Pb, and Cd. However, Cu was strongly influenced by the distance to the nearest river. These findings can provide scientific support for critical planning and strategies for soil pollution control and removal to support the sustainable development of the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Miao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China.
| | - Chunlin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
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Tong S, Li H, Wang L, Tudi M, Yang L. Concentration, Spatial Distribution, Contamination Degree and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Soils across China between 2003 and 2019-A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3099. [PMID: 32365600 PMCID: PMC7246581 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study provides an overview of the studies of heavy metal pollution regarding As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in the urban soils throughout 71 cities of China, based on data from online literature, during the period 2003-2019. The concentrations, spatial distributions, contamination degrees and health risks of heavy metals in the urban soils were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the mean values of eight heavy metals all exceeded the soil background values in China, and the kriging interpolation method showed that the hot-spot cities with heavy metal contamination in urban soils were mainly concentrated in the southwest, southcentral, southeast coast, northcentral and northwest regions of China. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that Hg and Cd were at moderate contamination levels and that the levels of the other six metals did not appear contamination. The pollution index (PI) showed that Cd and Hg reached high contamination levels, and the other metals reached moderate contamination levels. The integrated pollution index (IPI) and potential ecological risk index (PRI) indicated that the integral urban soils in the study areas ranked high contamination levels and moderate ecological risk degree, respectively, and Cd and Hg should be labeled as priority metals for control in the urban soils around China. The human health risk assessments for the heavy metals indicated that ingestion was the dominant exposure pathway for having adverse effects on human health. The mean Hazard index (HI) values of eight heavy metals all showed that adverse effects on human health were unlikely, and the mean carcinogenic (CR) values of As, Cr and Ni for children and adults all suggested an acceptable carcinogenic risk to human beings. In addition, children exposed to these heavy metals faced more serious non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health threats compared to adults. The results could provide valuable information for demanding the better control of heavy metal pollution and mitigation of the adverse effects on residents by environmental regulators in national urban regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangmei Tong
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (S.M.T.); (L.W.); (M.T.); (L.Y.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Tourism and Historical Culture, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, China
| | - Hairong Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (S.M.T.); (L.W.); (M.T.); (L.Y.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (S.M.T.); (L.W.); (M.T.); (L.Y.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muyesaier Tudi
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (S.M.T.); (L.W.); (M.T.); (L.Y.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11 A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; (S.M.T.); (L.W.); (M.T.); (L.Y.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Dogra N, Sharma M, Sharma A, Keshavarzi A, Bhardwaj R, Thukral AK, Kumar V. Pollution assessment and spatial distribution of roadside agricultural soils: a case study from India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:146-159. [PMID: 30784304 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1578865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work studied the pH, organic carbon, phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and heavy metals Cu, Cr, Co and Pb in roadside agricultural soils of Jalandhar environs of Punjab, India. A total of 120 samples in triplicates were collected from different sites for assessment of heavy metal pollution. The mean values of Cu, Cr, Co and Pb were found below the permissible limits of Indian and Swedish soil limits. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that heavy metals have different sources of origin. The results of contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), degree of contamination (Cd) and potential ecological risk index (RI) showed low contamination and ecological risks of heavy metals in roadside agricultural soils, respectively. The maps of spatial analysis indicated that northern region of the study area is more polluted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naman Dogra
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Manik Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ali Keshavarzi
- Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thukral
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
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Wahab MIA, Razak WMAA, Sahani M, Khan MF. Characteristics and health effect of heavy metals on non-exhaust road dusts in Kuala Lumpur. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135535. [PMID: 31767333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the concentrations and health effect of trace metals [cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)] on the road dust of selected locations in the city of Kuala Lumpur. Sampling was conducted thrice at four locations, namely, Tun Razak Road, Raja Abdullah Road, Tunku Abdul Rahman (TAR) Road, and Ayer Molek Road. The concentrations of trace metals in road dust were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. TAR Road presented the highest Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb contents compared with the other roads. The pollution level of trace metals in road dust was assessed by pollution index and pollution load index (PLI), showing that all studied locations were highly contaminated except Ayer Molek Road. Based on the PLI value, the sequence of pollution in descending order is as follows: TAR Road > Raja Abdullah Road > Tun Razak Road > Ayer Molek Road. Health risk assessment was performed to assess the health effects of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic pollutants caused by the exposure to trace metals in road dust on adults and children. Based on the integrated hazard index values for children at all locations, >1 indicates a possible noncarcinogenic effect. All incremental lifetime cancer risk values for adult and children at all locations are within acceptable limits and are considered safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram A Wahab
- Environmental Health & Industrial Safety Program, Center for Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Mohd Amirfaqry Abd Razak
- Environmental Health & Industrial Safety Program, Center for Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mazrura Sahani
- Environmental Health & Industrial Safety Program, Center for Health & Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Firoz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Ahamad MI, Song J, Sun H, Wang X, Mehmood MS, Sajid M, Su P, Khan AJ. Contamination Level, Ecological Risk, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Hyporheic Zone of the Weihe River, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031070. [PMID: 32046204 PMCID: PMC7037357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sediment pollution caused by different metals has attracted a great deal of attention because of the toxicity, persistence, and bio-accumulation. This study focuses on heavy metals in the hyporheic sediment of the Weihe River, China. Contamination levels of metals were examined by using "geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, and contamination factor" while ecological risk of metals were determined by "potential ecological risk and risk index." The pollutant accumulation of metals ranked as follows: "manganese (Mn) > chromium (Cr) > zinc (Zn) >copper (Cu) > nickel (Ni) > arsenic (As) > lead (Pb)". The geo-accumulation index identified arsenic as class 1 (uncontaminated to moderate contamination), whereas Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Mn were classified as class 0 (uncontaminated). According to the enrichment factor, arsenic originated through anthropogenic activities and Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were mainly controlled by natural sources. The contamination factor elucidated that sediments were moderately polluted by (As, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb), whereas Ni slightly contaminated the sediments of the Weihe River. All metals posed a low ecological risk in the study area. The risk index revealed that contribution of arsenic (53.43 %) was higher than half of the total risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan Ahamad
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Jinxi Song
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8830-8596
| | - Haotian Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Muhammad Sajid Mehmood
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Ping Su
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Asif Jamal Khan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China; (M.I.A.); (H.S.); (X.W.); (M.S.M.); (P.S.); (A.J.K.)
- Institute of Qinling Mountains, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
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37
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Zhang H, Zeng H, Jiang Y, Xie Z, Xu X, Ding M, Wang P. Using the compound system to synthetically evaluate the enrichment of heavy metal(loid)s in a subtropical basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113396. [PMID: 31784272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A compound system involving three matrices (water, sediment, and paddy soil) was conceived to determine the potential sources of metal(loid)s (Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and U) and synthetically evaluate their pollution levels in the Le'an River basin. The result indicated that the established background values (BVs) of paddy soil and sediment in the compound system were obviously higher than those of the upper continental crust (UCC) and soils from Jiangxi Province, a difference which was especially marked for sediment. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, Cd in the system had high coefficients of variation (CVs), and metal(loid)s in sediment showed higher levels than those in paddy soil, except for Pb. Cd and Cu in the system had the highest Ef levels, which probably pose a high risk to organisms and the health of local residents. There were significantly linear relationships between the site rank index (SRI) for water and that for sediment or paddy soil, revealing that matrices in the system interacted with each other. Principal component analysis (PCA) and absolute principal component scores and multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR) results demonstrated that Cu, Zn, As, Cu, Pb, and U enrichments in the system were mainly affected by mining activities and were predominately deposited in sediment. Point pollution sources rather than non-point pollution sources such as mining activities, contributed most of the anthropogenic metal(loid)s to sediment. Both SRI and Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) results visually showed that S5, S8, S9, S10, S11, and S12 severe pollution grouped together and scattered through areas with extensive mining activities, while other sites with moderate pollution were spread along the main stream of the Le'an River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Comprehensive Management and Resource Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Huan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yinghui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zhenglei Xie
- College of Marine Science & Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Mingjun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Comprehensive Management and Resource Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education/School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Comprehensive Management and Resource Development, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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Zhu X, Cao L, Liang Y. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals inside and outside a typical lead-zinc mine in southeastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:26265-26275. [PMID: 31286370 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mining activity is an important source of heavy metals in soil. Understanding the contents and distribution of heavy metals in mineral-waste soil and surrounding environments is important for the rational management of mines and reducing the migration of heavy metals to surrounding environments. We used a non-ferrous metal mine in southern China as a research object. Three types of sampling site (A-C) were established on the mineral-waste soil in the mining area and on nearby farmland (D) and along a river channel (E) outside the mining area: A, newly processed mineral-waste soil; B, steep 6-month-old stack of waste soil; C, gentle slope of 12-month-old waste soil; D, farmland soil within 1 km of the mine; and E, river water and adjacent soil. Soil samples were collected from the 0-10-cm layer at each site type. The contents and spatial distribution of Pb, Zn, and Cd at the sampling sites were analyzed, and the environmental risks were evaluated. The mean Pb, Zn, and Cd contents in the mining area (types A-C) were 2028, 3794, and 14.8 mg kg-1, respectively, which were 8-, 19-, and 49-fold higher than the second-level limits of the Environmental Quality Standard for Soils of China, and the mean contents of Pb, Zn, and Cd for sites D and E were 76.4, 131, and 0.18 mg kg-1 and 147, 194, and 0.95 mg kg-1, respectively, all of which were under the second-level limits. Sites C and E were also used to analyze the spatial distribution of the Pb, Zn, and Cd contents. Geostatistical analysis found that the Pb, Zn, and Cd contents had a clear and similar spatial pattern at site C and generally decreased from north to south. Soil Pb, Zn, and Cd contents at site E generally increased, and water Pb, Zn, and Cd concentrations decreased along the river channel. The soils at site types A-C in the mining area were heavily polluted, with a high potential threat to the surrounding environment, and the farmland and river-bank soils at D and E were free of pollution or were lightly polluted, with low potential ecological risks. This study provides a scientific basis and supporting data for heavy-metal treatment in mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 of Beijing East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Longxi Cao
- College of Earth Science, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 of Beijing East Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Abstract
Spatial modeling and evaluation is a critical step for planning the exploitation of mineral deposits. In this work, a methodology for the investigation of a multi-seam coal deposit spatial variability is proposed. The study area includes the Klidi (Florina, Greece) multi-seam lignite deposit which is suitable for surface mining. The analysis is based on the original data of 76 exploratory drill-holes in an area of 10 km2, in conjunction with the geological and geomorphological data of the deposit. The analytical methods include drill-hole data analysis and evaluation based on an appropriate algorithm, principal component analysis and geographic information techniques. The results proved to be very satisfactory for the explanation of the maximum variance of the initial data values as well as the identification of the deposit structure and the optimum planning of mine development. The proposed analysis can be also helpful for minimizing cost and optimizing efficiency of surface mining operations. Furthermore, the provided methods could be applied in other areas of geosciences, indicating the theoretical value as well as the important practical implications of the analysis.
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Huang S, Shao G, Wang L, Tang L. Spatial Distribution and Potential Sources of Five Heavy Metals and One Metalloid in the Soils of Xiamen City, China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 103:308-315. [PMID: 31190165 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In our study, we collected 146 surface soil samples in Xiamen City and measured the concentrations of five heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn) and one metalloid (As). Multivariate statistics, geostatistics and Random Forest methods were applied to identify the potential sources and spatial variation of the six elements. The results revealed that As, Cr, and Ni originated mainly from industrial activities, and higher concentrations were found in developed areas. The amounts of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soils were mainly predetermined by soil parent material and agricultural activities. Besides, the atmospheric deposition rather than industrial activities substantially influenced the accumulation of Pb in the soils near the boundary between Tong'an and Quanzhou City, because there were few industries but many forests in this area. Because of the connections of the six elements with factor values of factor analysis, appropriate and accessible covariates could be used in co-kriging to increase the accuracies of interpolation of heavy metal and metalloid concentrations relative to that in ordinary kriging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guofan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Luyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Li C, Sun G, Wu Z, Zhong H, Wang R, Liu X, Guo Z, Cheng J. Soil physiochemical properties and landscape patterns control trace metal contamination at the urban-rural interface in southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:537-545. [PMID: 31026701 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the influences of three subsets of environmental factors (i.e. soil physicochemical properties including pH, organic matters and soil texture, landscape patterns, and parent materials) on the spatial variations and sources of soil trace metal contamination across an urban-rural environmental gradient in Guangzhou City, southern China. We collected 318 surface soil samples from forests, orchards, farmlands, and urban lawns using a random tessellation design for selecting sample sites. The geo-accumulation indices showed that 18%-88% of soil samples were contaminated: moderate to high contamination with Cd and Hg, low to moderate contamination with Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni, and low contamination with As and Cr. However, less than 13% of soil samples were considered to have exceeded the national standards causing environmental and human health concerns. The mean geo-accumulation indices increased in the order of forest, paddy field/orchard, vegetable, road/residential, and park/residential areas for As, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, closely following a land disturbance gradient. Spearman Correlation and Cluster Analyses showed that Pb-Cu-Zn had traffic-related origins, Cd-Hg were mainly influenced by fertilization or industrial emissions, and As-Cr-Ni had geogenic origins for agricultural soils. In contrast, the Ni, Hg and Cd contamination sources for urban soils included both anthropogenic and geogenic origins. The Stepwise Regression and Partial Redundancy Analyses showed that three subsets of environmental factors explained 43%-87% of variations of soil contamination for both agricultural and urban soils. We concluded that soil contamination was mainly controlled by soil physiochemical properties followed by landscape patterns. Soil absorption of aerial loads of trace metal pollutants dominated the soil contamination processes. Our findings implied that improving soil physiochemical properties and landscape designs can strengthen environmental buffering and carrying capacity, thus alleviating soil contamination and reducing non-point-source pollution in the study region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Ge Sun
- Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, USDA Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Honglin Zhong
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742, USA.
| | - Rongping Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Zhixing Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Jiong Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Li D, Wang J, Pi J, Yu J, Zhang T. Biota-sediment metal accumulation and human health risk assessment of freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea in Dongting Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14951-14961. [PMID: 30919194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the concentrations of metals in sediments and Corbicula fluminea in China's Dongting Lake to assess the suitability of C. fluminea as an effective biomonitor of metal contamination in sediments and food safety. We analyzed the biota-accumulation capacity by calculating the biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) and assessed the potential human health risk of metals exposure via consumption of C. fluminea using the target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ). The results showed that the average concentrations of As (31.93 mg kg-1), Cd (5.54 mg kg-1), Cr (105.50 mg kg-1), Cu (32.53 mg kg-1), and Zn (207.89 mg kg-1) in sediments were higher than their respective standard set by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. The sediment metals, which were mainly anthropogenic in origin, were at high levels and pose a relatively high ecological risk. Cadium (Cd) showed very high potential ecological risk levels and should be included in the prior pollutants list in the studied area. The mean levels of As (0.81 mg kg-1) in C. fluminea were 1.62-times higher than that set by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. BSAF values of the soft tissues of C. fluminea were between 0.05 and 2.14, with higher values for Cu (2.14), Cd (1.77), Zn (1.60), and Ni (1.27). Soft tissues of C. fluminea were able to reflect spatial differences in Sr within sediments around Dongting Lake. The results indicated that C. fluminea could be an potential biomonitor for sediment metals assessment in biomonitoring programs, especially for Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, and Sr. The mean values for THQ and TTHQ of all the analyzed metals were below 1.0, indicating that the intake of metals via comsumption of C. fluminea does not result in an appreciable risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Pi
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China.
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Wang S, Cai LM, Wen HH, Luo J, Wang QS, Liu X. Spatial distribution and source apportionment of heavy metals in soil from a typical county-level city of Guangdong Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:92-101. [PMID: 30469072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The contents of ten heavy metals (Cr, Hg, As, Pb, Ni, Cd, Ti, Cu, Zn and V) in 413 topsoil samples from Puning City, Guangdong Province, China were investigated. Obvious enrichment of Hg, As, Pb, Cd and Zn were presented, and the contents of Hg and As in 5.8% and 3.4% samples respectively were higher than the guideline values recommended by the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soils. Chromium and V were presented no enrichment and no pollution. According to one-way analysis of variance, the mean contents of Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn in land for construction were significantly higher than farmland and natural vegetation, but the land use had no obvious effect on other heavy metals. Furthermore, the potential sources of ten heavy metals were identified and apportioned in combination with geostatistics, correlation analysis and positive matrix factorization model. The results were following as: a) Pb, Zn and Cu mainly origin from vehicle emission and atmosphere deposition, and the hotspots approximately distributed in the areas of intensive traffic and near main roads; b) Hg and Cd were derived to industrial activities related to pharmaceutical industries, the textile and dyeing industries and e-waste recycling industries, and high-value areas were mainly concentrated in the northeast of the urban area where the industrial parks have been distributed; c) Soil parent material (Jurassic shale) was the main source of Cr, Ni, V and Ti; d) As mainly came from agricultural inputs such as pesticides or herbicides, livestock and fertilizers. Meanwhile, the contributions of four sources were 33.08%, 24.04%, 27.11% and 15.77% of the total contribution, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Li-Mei Cai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China; Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Han-Hui Wen
- No. 940 Branch of Geology Bureau for Nonferrous Metals of Guangdong Provinces, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
| | - Xie Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Technologies, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
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Yu S, Chen Z, Zhao K, Ye Z, Zhang L, Dong J, Shao Y, Zhang C, Fu W. Spatial Patterns of Potentially Hazardous Metals in Soils of Lin'an City, Southeastern China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020246. [PMID: 30654530 PMCID: PMC6352076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Urban soils are strongly related to human health. In this study, Lin’an city was chosen as a typical small-scale city with which to study the spatial variation of potentially hazardous metals (PHMs) in urban soils and their potential ecological risks using multivariate analysis, geostatistics and GIS techniques. A total of 62 soil samples were collected from the study area. The results showed that the average concentrations of total soil Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd were 439.42, 42.23, 196.80, 62.55, 63.65, 0.22 mg·kg−1, respectively. Compared with the background values and the environmental quality standards, these PHMs were accumulated in urban soils to some extent. The single potential ecological risk indices of PHMs indicated that Pb and Cd had relatively high ecological risks. The pH and most of the PHMs had significant correlations (p < 0.05). The principle components analysis (PCA) showed that Pb, Zn and Cu had similar pollution sources related to the vehicles’ exhaust emission; Mn and Cr were mainly from the parent materials; while Cd was from the emission of industrial manufactories. The spatial structures and distributions of PHMs and their corresponding available fractions had strong/moderate spatial autocorrelation, which were influenced by human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Zhoulun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Keli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Zhengqian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
| | - Yangfeng Shao
- Technology Promotion Center of Agriculture and Forestry in Lin'an City, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Weijun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental Sciences and Resources, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
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Huang S, Shao G, Wang L, Wang L, Tang L. Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Soils in the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:ijerph16010097. [PMID: 30602676 PMCID: PMC6339116 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, intensified industrialization and rapid urbanization have accelerated the accumulation of trace metals in topsoils of the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province in China. Trace metals can cause adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. In order to assess the ecological and human health risks of trace metals in the Golden Triangle region and to determine the distribution and degree of pollution of trace metals, 456 soil samples were collected from 28 districts. The concentrations of six metals (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed to assess ecological risk using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index (RI). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model was applied to calculate health risk. The average soil concentrations of the six elements are ranked as follows: As < Ni < Cu < Cr < Pb < Zn. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation maps showed that Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn are enriched in the soils of developed areas, while As and Pb are enriched in the soils of undeveloped areas. The Igeo showed that the levels of metals in most soil samples are below polluting levels. Similarly, RI values indicated that trace metals pose low potential ecological risk in the region's soils. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) ranked the mean total noncarcinogenic risk of the six metals, for both children and adults, as follows: As > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu >Zn. The mean carcinogenic risk (CR) of the metals in the region's soils are ranked as follows: Cr > As > Ni. The Hazard Index (HI) values indicated that 3.7% of soils contained unsafe levels of toxic metals for children and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values indicated that 23.3% of soils contained unsafe levels, indicating that children are facing both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from trace metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) and matrix cluster analysis were used to identify pollution sources and classified trace metals and soil samples into two and five groups, respectively. The five groups represented the effects of different land use types, including agricultural area, residential and public area, industrial area, forest, and industrial area and roadside, based on the contents of trace metals in soils. Industrial, agricultural and traffic activities attribute to the enrichment of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the region's soils. Moreover, the accumulation of As and Pb are also attributed to atmospheric deposition. These results can contribute to a better understanding of pollution, ecological risks, and human health risks from trace metals on large regional scales like the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guofan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Luyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lina Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhang Z, Lu Y, Li H, Tu Y, Liu B, Yang Z. Assessment of heavy metal contamination, distribution and source identification in the sediments from the Zijiang River, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:235-243. [PMID: 30029107 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the contents of 10 heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) in 49 sediment samples from the Zijiang River were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Contamination indexes including geoaccumulation index, modified degree of contamination, sediment quality guidelines, potential ecological risk index, together with potential ecological risk factor were used to assess heavy metal contamination in the sediments of the Zijiang River. Pearson's correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to identify the sources of heavy metals. The results indicated that the mean values of heavy metals in the Zijiang River's sediments were found to be significantly higher than the corresponding background values. But when comparing with that in other rivers in the world, they were at medium levels except for Sb. Furthermore, a comparison of the heavy metal concentrations and the consensus-based sediment quality guidelines showed that the heavy metal pollutions (Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) tended to occasionally pose harmful impacts on the ecosystem. The values of contamination indexes revealed that serious heavy metal contamination and relatively high potential ecological risks were mainly existed in the downstream of antimony mining and smelting factories (S23-S49). In addition, high potential ecological risks of Sb were observed in sampling sites that were close to those factories (S23, S24, S25, and S27), and high potential ecological risks of Cd were observed in the downstream (S37-S49). Basing on the Pearson's correlation analysis and principal component analysis, three main sources were identified. Co, Zn, Cd, and Cu contaminants were mainly derived from agricultural activities; As, Sb, Mn, and Pb mainly came from mining and smelting activities; Cr and Ni were mainly from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxue Zhang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Yi Tu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Boyu Liu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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47
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Tadesse AW, Gereslassie T, Xu Q, Tang X, Wang J. Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils from Wuhan, Central China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122873. [PMID: 30558229 PMCID: PMC6313746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the concentration levels, potential sources and ecological risks of eleven trace elements, namely Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Sb, Cd, Zn, Hg and Pb, in the soil from Huangpi district, Wuhan, Central China. Soil samples were collected from eighteen sites at soil depths of 1–10 and 10–20 cm and analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer ICP-MS (Thermo X SERIES 2, Scientific and Innovative Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China). The recorded mean concentration of the elements were in a decreasing order of Fe > Co > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Cd > Sb > Zn > Hg. The mean concentration of trace elements, soil pH and total organic carbon (TOC) were higher at a soil depth of 1–10 cm. The obtained mean concentration of Cr, Co, As, Cd, Ni, Cu, Hg and Pb were above the soil background values of Wuhan and Hubei Province. The mean concentration values of Co, Ni and Cd, exceeded the recommended FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)/ISRIC (International Soil Reference and Information Centre) (2004) and WHO/FAO (2001) values. Pearson’s correlation analysis illustrated that there was a strong and significant correlation between trace elements, whereas, a weak positive and negative correlation between elements and soil properties (pH and TOC). The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) result indicated that the concentration of trace elements in Huangpi soil were originated from anthropogenic sources. Potential ecological risk index (RI) of this study revealed that there is a high ecological risk of trace elements in the soil. Enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of trace elements for this study indicated that the study area is strongly contaminated with Cd and Co. Generally, the finding of this research showed that Huangpi soil is contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ababo Workineh Tadesse
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Tekleweini Gereslassie
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of management engineering, Shangrao Vocational and Technical College, Shangrao 334109, China.
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Wuhan Britain-China School, Wuhan Foreign Languages School, Wuhan, 430022 China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Du F, Yang Z, Liu P, Wang L. Accumulation, translocation, and assessment of heavy metals in the soil-rice systems near a mine-impacted region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32221-32230. [PMID: 30225688 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Paddy rice is considered as a main source for human exposure to heavy metal contamination due to its efficient accumulation of heavy metals especially when cultivated in contaminated fields. In the current study, rice grains, straws, roots, and rhizosphere paddy soils were collected from Changsha, a non-ferrous mine-impacted area in China. Heavy metals including Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba, and Pb in the samples were determined using ICP-MS. The heavy metal concentrations were found in the ascending order of grain < straw < root < paddy soil except As and Cd. Rice root is a main organ to retain As and Cd through chelation and adsorption. The translocation behaviors of the heavy metals in the soil-rice system were investigated through bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF). Similar variation tendencies to decrease BFp-r (translocation from paddy soil to root) and TFs-g (translocation from straw to grain) associated with TFr-s (translocation from root to straw) increasing were observed for most of the heavy metals due to heavy metal detoxification and stress tolerance in rice. The potential adverse effects caused by long-term exposure to heavy metals from rice consumption were evaluated via the target hazard quotient. The results indicated potential health risk to human from exposure to Mn, As, and Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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49
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Zuo S, Dai S, Li Y, Tang J, Ren Y. Analysis of Heavy Metal Sources in the Soil of Riverbanks Across an Urbanization Gradient. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102175. [PMID: 30287769 PMCID: PMC6209923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Regional soil quality issues arising from rapid urbanization have received extensive attention. The riverbank that runs through a city is representative of urbanization gradient transformation. Thirty soil samples in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of seven analytes. Correlation, principle component analysis, cluster analysis and GeoDetector models suggested that the four groups (Cr-Ni-Cu, Cu-Zn-As-Sb, Cd and Pb) shared the same sources in the core urban region; five groups (Cr-Ni-Cu-Zn, As, Cd, Sb and Pb) in the suburbs and three groups (Cr-Ni, Cu-Zn-Cd-Sb-Pb and As) in the exurbs. GeoDetector methods not only validated the results of the three other methods, but also provided more possible impact factors. Besides the direct influences, the interaction effects among factors were quantified. Interactive combination with strong nonlinear increment changed from between-two-weak factors in the central region to between-strong-and-weak factors in the suburbs. In the exurbs, the stronger interaction effects were observed between strong and weak factors. Therefore, the GeoDetector model, which provided more detailed information of artificial sources could be used as a tool for identifying the potential factors of toxic elements and offering scientific basis for the development of subsequent pollution reduction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Shaoqing Dai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yaying Li
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Yin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jimei Avenue 1799, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
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Li D, Pi J, Zhang T, Tan X, Fraser DJ. Evaluating a 5-year metal contamination remediation and the biomonitoring potential of a freshwater gastropod along the Xiangjiang River, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21127-21137. [PMID: 29770938 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective remediation of heavy metal pollution in aquatic systems is desired in many regions, but it requires integrative assessments of sediments, water, and biota that can serve as robust biomonitors. We assessed the effects of a 5-year metal contamination remediation along the Xiangjiang River, China, by comparing concentrations of trace metals in water and surface sediments between 2010-2011 and 2016. We also explored the trace metal biomonitoring potential of a freshwater gastropod (Bellamya aeruginosa). Metal concentrations in water (means and ranges) dropped over time to within permissible limits of drinking water guidelines set by China, USEPA, and WHO in 2016. Although sediment means and ranges of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Mn also diminished with remediation, those for Cr and Cu slightly increased, and all six metals retained concentrations higher than standards set by China. All metals in sediments could also be associated with anthropogenic inputs using a hierarchical clustering analysis, and they generate high potential ecological risks based on several indices, especially for Cd and As. The bio-sediment accumulation factors of all measured trace metals in gastropod soft tissues and shells were lower than 1.0, except for Ca. Trace metal contents in gastropods were positively correlated with those in water and surface sediments for As (soft tissues) and Cr (shells). Collectively, our results do not yet highlight strong beneficial effects of 5-year remediation and clearly illustrate the heavy metal pollution remaining in Xiangjiang River sediment. Additional physical, chemical, and biological measurements should be implemented to improve sediment quality. We further conclude that gastropod soft tissues and shells can be suitable biomonitors of spatial differences in some heavy metals found within river sediments (e.g., As, Cr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Pi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Dylan J Fraser
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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