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Liu M, Liang L, Yu C, Guo B, Zhang H, Yao F, Zhang H, Li J. Enhancing cell cryopreservation with acidic polyamino acids integrated liquid marbles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:114055. [PMID: 38936034 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is highly desired for long-term maintenance of the viability of living biosamples, while effective cell cryopreservation still relies heavily on the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and fetal bovine serum (FBS). However, the intrinsic toxicity of DMSO is still a bottleneck, which could not only cause the clinical side effect but also induce cell genetic variants. In the meantime, the addition of FBS may bring potentially the risk of pathogenic microorganism contamination. The liquid marbles (LMs), a novel biotechnology tool for cell cryopreservation, which not only have a small volume system that facilitated recovery, but the hydrophobic shell also resisted the harm to cells caused by adverse environments. Previous LM-based cell cryopreservation relied heavily on the addition of FBS. In this work, we introduced acidic polyaspartic acid and polyglutamic acid as cryoprotectants to construct LM systems. LMs could burst in an instant to facilitate and achieve ultrarapid recovery process, and the hydrophilic carboxyl groups of the cryoprotectants could form hydrogen bonds with water molecules and further inhibit ice growth/formation to protect cells from cryoinjuries. The L929 cells could be well cryopreserved by acidic polyamino acid-based LMs. This new biotechnology platform is expected to be widely used for cell cryopreservation, which has the potential to propel LMs for the preservation of various functional cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chaojie Yu
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bingyan Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fanglian Yao
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Ma H, Li C, Xiao N, Liu J, Li P, Xu J, Yan J, Zhang S, Xia T. Heterologous synthesis of poly-γ-glutamic acid enhanced drought resistance in maize (Zea mays L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133179. [PMID: 38880448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is the main factor restricting maize yield. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), as a water-retaining agent and fertilizer synergist, could significantly improve the drought resistance and yield of many crops. However, its high production costs and unclear long-term impact on soil ecology limit its large-scale application. In this study, an environmentally friendly green material γ-PGA was heterologous synthesized in maize for the first time using the synthetic biology method. The genes (PgsA, PgsB, PgsC) participated in γ-PGA synthesis were cloned from Bacillus licheniformis and transformed into maize to produce γ-PGA for the first time. Under drought stress, transgenic maize significantly increased the ear length, ear weight and grain weight by 50 % compared to the control, whereas the yield characteristic of ear weight, grain number per ear, grain weight per ear and 100-grain weight increased by 1.67 %-2.33 %, 3.78 %-13.06 %, 8.41 %-22.06 %, 6.03 %-19.28 %, and 11.85 %-18.36 %, respectively under normal growth conditions. γ-PGA was mainly expressed in the mesophyll cells of maize leaf rosette structure and improved drought resistance and yield by protecting and increasing the expression of genes for the photosynthetic and carbon fixation. This study is an important exploration for maize drought stress molecular breeding and building resource-saving agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Ma
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Can Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ning Xiao
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiang Liu
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, PR China
| | - Panpan Li
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jieting Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Tao Xia
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China.
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Hong L, Wei L, Fanglan G, Jiao L, Shiheng T, Hong Y, Yao R, Xinyue G, Can Y. Unveiling the regulatory mechanism of poly-γ-glutamic acid on soil characteristics under drought stress through integrated metagenomics and metabolomics analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1387223. [PMID: 38751715 PMCID: PMC11094619 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1387223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It is of utmost importance to understand the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of soil in order to optimize soil management and enhance crop yield. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a stress-resistant amino acid polymer, plays a crucial role in plant drought stress resistance. However, little is known about the effects of γ-PGA on soil characteristics during drought treatments. In this study, the effects of different forms of γ-PGA on soil texture and basic physical and chemical properties under short-term drought conditions were investigated. Furthermore, the impact of γ-PGA on the microbial community and metabolic function of maize was analyzed. Under drought conditions, the introduction of γ-PGA into the soil resulted in notable improvements in the mechanical composition ratio and infiltration capacity of the soil. Concurrently, this led to a reduction in soil bulk density and improved soil organic matter content and fertility. Additionally, metagenomic analysis revealed that under drought conditions, the incorporation of γ-PGA into the soil enhanced the soil microbiota structure. This shift led to the predominance of bacteria that are crucial for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles in the soil. Metabolomics analysis revealed that under drought treatment, γ-PGA affected soil metabolic patterns, with a particular focus on alterations in amino acid and vitamin metabolism pathways. Correlation analysis between the soil metagenome and metabolites showed that microorganisms played a significant role in metabolite accumulation. These results demonstrated that γ-PGA could improve soil characteristics under drought conditions and play an important role in soil microorganisms and microbial metabolism, providing further insights into the changes in soil characteristics under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wei
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ge Fanglan
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Jiao
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tu Shiheng
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gong Xinyue
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Can
- Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
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Skalski T, Zając E, Jędrszczyk E, Papaj K, Kohyt J, Góra A, Kasprzycka A, Shytum D, Skowera B, Ziernicka-Wojtaszek A. Effects of γ-polyglutamic acid on grassland sandy soil properties and plant functional traits exposed to drought stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3769. [PMID: 38355917 PMCID: PMC10866894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study provides field experimental data that support the use of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) in drought stress and proposes its application in grassland management. We hypothesized that water treatment combined with PGA application to sandy soil would reduce drought stress in grasslands more effectively than watering alone. A randomized block design was used, with three replicate watering blocks (no watering, weekly watering, and monthly watering) and PGA treatments at four different concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 1%, and 2% PGA). The results showed that PGA acts as a biostimulant, alleviating the effects of stress in plants by: (1) increasing the availability of ions, especially K+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+/3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, as well as N-NH4+, and N-NO3-, (2) elongating plant roots, (3) increasing the aboveground biomass, (4) improving the resprouting capacity of the dominant grass Nardus stricta, and (5) improving the regeneration of dicotyledons. In the case of meadows on sandy soils, the use of low PGA concentrations (0.3% or 1%) was the most beneficial for the availability of macro- and microelements and improving the functional traits of plants. Irrigation had a greater effect than using PGA only for the dicotyledon to monocotyledon ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skalski
- Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Zając
- Department of Land Reclamation and Development, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Papaj
- Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Joanna Kohyt
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Góra
- Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Kasprzycka
- Department of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Divine Shytum
- Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Barbara Skowera
- Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
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Jing B, Shi W, Liu L, Wang Y. Poly-γ-glutamic acid improved biological nitrogen fixation, water-nitrogen productivity, and nitrate residue in cotton/soybean intercropping. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7284-7292. [PMID: 37378640 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) can promote crop growth and improve soil properties efficiently. However, the optimal application rate of γ-PGA in legume/non-legume intercropping systems is still unclear. A potted experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of five γ-PGA rates (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%, represented by CK, P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively) on biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF), water-N productivity, and nitrate distribution in a cotton/soybean intercropping system. RESULTS The results showed that the growth indicators (plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, root dry weight, root length) of cotton and soybean increased first and then decreased with increasing γ-PGA rates, and all growth indicators of cotton and soybean showed peaks in P3 and P2 treatments. The stable 15 N isotope method indicated that γ-PGA promoted the BNF capacity of soybean and soil. In particular, the percentage of N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) in soybean reached 61.94% in the P2 treatment. Poly-γ-glutamic acid improved the water-N productivity, and the total N partial factor productivity (NPFP) and water productivity (WP) in P3 treatment increased by 23.80% and 43.86% compared with the CK treatment. The γ-PGA mitigation of potential nitrate residue also decreased first and then increased with increasing γ-PGA rates. CONCLUSION Multivariate regression analysis showed that 0.22% of the optimal γ-PGA application rate could obtain a higher yield and water-N productivity in cotton/soybean intercropping system simultaneously. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
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Shan C, Luo Y, Yang C, Gao X. The Effects of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid on the Postharvest Physiology and Quality of Strawberry cv. Hongyan during Cold Storage. Foods 2023; 12:2944. [PMID: 37569213 PMCID: PMC10419068 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on the postharvest physiology and quality of the strawberry cv. Hongyan during cold storage. The results showed that all concentrations of γ-PGA improved decay control and strawberry preservation by enhancing antioxidant capacity, delaying the softening process, and maintaining fruit quality, especially for 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA. After 14 days of treatment, compared with control, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA decreased weight loss, decay rate, and index by 21.9%, 75.0%, and 66.7% and increased the total antioxidant capacity by 43.5% through antioxidant enzymes. In addition, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased fruit firmness by 53.6% by decreasing the activities of polygalacturonase, pectin lyase, cellulase, and β-galactosidase. In terms of color quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA improved the values of lightness and yellowness by 30.9% and 52.8%. As regards nutritional quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased the contents of protein, soluble sugars, vitamin C, and total phenols by 106.6%, 80.6%, 51.2%, and 78.4%. In terms of sensory quality, 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA increased the soluble solids' content by 19.0% and decreased the titrated acids' content by 21.1%, which increased the sugar-acid ratio by 50.9%. Our findings suggest that 100 mg·L-1 γ-PGA can be used to improve the decay control and preservation of strawberry cv. Hongyan under cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjuan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.L.); (C.Y.); (X.G.)
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Metabolomic Approach to Study the 'Purple Queen' Pomegranate Cultivar Response to Alternative Culture Media and Phenological Stages. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020352. [PMID: 36673444 PMCID: PMC9857937 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasingly evident threat of depletion of world peat bogs is encouraging the search for and study of alternative agricultural substrates that can fully or partially replace peat, guaranteeing food supply (quality and quantity). On the other hand, the identification of the potential for the reuse of waste from relevant economic activities has increased in recent years, mainly motivated by the change to a sustainable circular economy, as is the case of port sediments. Taking into account that significant volumes of dredged port sediments are generated annually so that ports can maintain their economic activity, it is necessary to find objective, sustainable and safe reuse alternatives. In this sense, the objective of this study was to study the response of the "Purple Queen" pomegranate when grown with dredged port sediment. For this, the fruit production (kg), number of fruits (fruits tree-1), fruit weight (g), and seed yield (%) aiming to verify the correct tree development were evaluated. In addition, a 1H-NMR foliar metabolomic study for the three most relevant phenological phases was performed (flowering, fruit development, and post-harvest) to identify metabolic changes in trees. In total, 29 metabolites were identified; among them, 11 were amino acids, 6 organic acids, 5 sugars, and 7 secondary metabolites. The good agronomical development of the trees and fruits indicated the potential for using the dredged sediment as an agricultural substrate. On the other hand, the results revealed that the greatest variability in the metabolomic study occurred between the phenological phases and a lower variability is explained by the substrates used.
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Liu X, Wang X, Xu T, Ma H, Xia T. The combined application of γ-PGA-producing bacteria and biochar reduced the content of heavy metals and improved the quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88938-88950. [PMID: 35840836 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria and biochar have been widely used as immobilizers to remediate heavy metal contaminated soil. However, few studies have unraveled the effect and synergistic mechanism of combined application of plant growth-promoting bacteria and biochar on in situ heavy metal contaminated soil remediation and plant yield and quality improvement under heavy metal pollution stress. In this study, the effects of biochar, γ-PGA-producing bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain W25) and their combined application on Cd and Pb immobilization, γ-PGA production in soil filtrate, the bacterial community in rhizosphere soil, physicochemical properties of soil, heavy metal uptake, and quality and yield of tomato in heavy metal-contaminated soil were investigated. The application of W25, biochar, and their combinations significantly reduced Cd content in mature tomato fruits by 22-60%, increased the single fruit weight and lycopene content by 7-21% and 23-48%, respectively, and the combination of biochar and W25 had the best effect. All the treatments significantly reduced DTPA-Cd and DTPA-Pb contents in rhizosphere soil (42-53% and 6.5-35%), increased the pH value and the activities of urease-alkaline phosphatase of soil, but did not affect the expression of heavy metal transporter gene LeNRAMP1 in tomato roots. Biochar + W25 increased the relative abundance of plant growth-promoting bacteria such as Bacillus and Streptomyces. Biochar-enhanced plant growth-promoting bacteria to settle and colonize in soil significantly improved the ability of strain W25 to produce γ-PGA, and immobilized Cd in soil filtrate. The combination of biochar and plant growth-promoting bacteria ensures safe crop production in heavy metal-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, College of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Effects of Amendments and Indigenous Microorganisms on the Growth and Cd and Pb Uptake of Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) in Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10080408. [PMID: 35893841 PMCID: PMC9332394 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10080408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) contamination of soils is a worldwide problem with adverse consequences to the environment and human health. For the safe production of vegetables in contaminated soil, efficient soil amendments need to be applied such as nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) and poly γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), which can mitigate heavy metal uptake and enhance crop yield. However, the combined effects of soil amendments and indigenous microorganisms (IMOs) on HMs immobilisation and accumulation by crops have received little attention. We established a pot experiment to investigate the effects of IMOs combined with n-HAP and γ-PGA on coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) growth and its Cd and Pb uptake in two acidic soils contaminated with HMs. The study demonstrated that applying n-HAP, with and without IMOs, significantly increased shoot dry biomass and reduced plant Cd and Pb uptake and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Cd and Pb concentrations in most cases. However, γ-PGA, with and without IMOs, only reduced soil DTPA-extractable Pb concentrations in slightly contaminated soil with 0.29 mg/kg Cd and 50.9 mg/kg Pb. Regardless of amendments, IMOs independently increased shoot dry biomass and soil DTPA-extractable Cd concentrations in moderately contaminated soil with 1.08 mg/kg Cd and 100.0 mg/kg Pb. A synergistic effect was observed with a combined IMOs and n-HAP treatment, where DTPA-extractable Cd and Pb concentrations decreased in slightly contaminated soil compared with the independent IMOs and n-HAP treatments. The combined treatment of γ-PGA and IMOs substantially increased shoot dry biomass in moderately contaminated soil. These results indicate that solo n-HAP enhanced plant growth and soil Cd and Pb immobilisation, and mitigated Cd and Pb accumulation in shoots. However, the combination of n-HAP and IMOs was optimal for stabilising and reducing HMs' uptake and promoting plant growth in contaminated soil, suggesting its potential for safe crop production.
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Asgher M, Sehar Z, Rehaman A, Rashid S, Ahmed S, Per TS, Alyemeni MN, Khan NA. Exogenously-applied L-glutamic acid protects photosynthetic functions and enhances arsenic tolerance through increased nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant capacity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:119008. [PMID: 35189299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
L-Glutamic acid (Glu) is used as an effective bio-stimulant to reduce arsenic (As) stress in plants. The role of Glu was studied in the protection of photosynthesis and growth of rice (Oryza sativa L. Japonica Type Taipie-309) plants grown with 50 μM As stress by studying the oxidative stress, photosynthetic and growth characteristics. Among the Glu concentrations (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 μM), 10 μM Glu maximally enhanced photosynthesis and growth parameters with the least cellular oxidative stress level. The supplementation of 10 μM Glu resulted in the reduced effects of As stress on gas exchange parameters, PSII activity and growth attributes through enhancement of antioxidant and proline metabolism. The enzymes of nitrogen (N) assimilation, such as nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase were increased with Glu treatment under As stress. The Glu-induced metabolite synthesis showed the role of various metabolites in As stress responses. The role of Glu as a signalling molecule in reducing the adverse effects of As through accelerating the antioxidant enzymes, PSII activity, proline metabolism and nitrogen assimilation has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Asgher
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 185234, India
| | - Zebus Sehar
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Abdul Rehaman
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 185234, India
| | - Shaista Rashid
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 185234, India
| | - Sajad Ahmed
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Tasir S Per
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Doda, Jammu and Kashmir, 182202, India
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafees A Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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11
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Zhang Q, Dai X, Wang H, Wang F, Tang D, Jiang C, Zhang X, Guo W, Lei Y, Ma C, Zhang H, Li P, Zhao Y, Wang Z. Transcriptomic Profiling Provides Molecular Insights Into Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Arabidopsis Growth and Its Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866063. [PMID: 35463436 PMCID: PMC9019583 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an important environmental factor limiting plant growth and crop production. Plant adaptation to salt stress can be improved by chemical pretreatment. This study aims to identify whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment of seedlings affects the stress tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The results show that pretreatment with H2O2 at appropriate concentrations enhances the salt tolerance ability of Arabidopsis seedlings, as revealed by lower Na+ levels, greater K+ levels, and improved K+/Na+ ratios in leaves. Furthermore, H2O2 pretreatment improves the membrane properties by reducing the relative membrane permeability (RMP) and malonaldehyde (MDA) content in addition to improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Our transcription data show that exogenous H2O2 pretreatment leads to the induced expression of cell cycle, redox regulation, and cell wall organization-related genes in Arabidopsis, which may accelerate cell proliferation, enhance tolerance to osmotic stress, maintain the redox balance, and remodel the cell walls of plants in subsequent high-salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuru Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Huanpeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Fanhua Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongxue Tang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyun Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Linyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Pinghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yanxiu Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zenglan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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12
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Ma H, Li P, Liu X, Li C, Zhang S, Wang X, Tao X. Poly-γ-glutamic acid enhanced the drought resistance of maize by improving photosynthesis and affecting the rhizosphere microbial community. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:11. [PMID: 34979944 PMCID: PMC8722152 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03392-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with other abiotic stresses, drought stress causes serious crop yield reductions. Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), as an environmentally friendly biomacromolecule, plays an important role in plant growth and regulation. RESULTS In this project, the effect of exogenous application of γ-PGA on drought tolerance of maize (Zea mays. L) and its mechanism were studied. Drought dramatically inhibited the growth and development of maize, but the exogenous application of γ-PGA significantly increased the dry weight of maize, the contents of ABA, soluble sugar, proline, and chlorophyll, and the photosynthetic rate under severe drought stress. RNA-seq data showed that γ-PGA may enhance drought resistance in maize by affecting the expression of ABA biosynthesis, signal transduction, and photosynthesis-related genes and other stress-responsive genes, which was also confirmed by RT-PCR and promoter motif analysis. In addition, diversity and structure analysis of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community demonstrated that γ-PGA enriched plant growth promoting bacteria such as Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria. Moreover, γ-PGA significantly improved root development, urease activity and the ABA contents of maize rhizospheric soil under drought stress. This study emphasized the possibility of using γ-PGA to improve crop drought resistance and the soil environment under drought conditions and revealed its preliminary mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous application of poly-γ-glutamic acid could significantly enhance the drought resistance of maize by improving photosynthesis, and root development and affecting the rhizosphere microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengkui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Mu Y, Tang D, Mao L, Zhang D, Zhou P, Zhi Y, Zhang J. Phytoremediation of secondary saline soil by halophytes with the enhancement of γ-polyglutamic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131450. [PMID: 34246095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization has severely affected the quality of tillage land in China, and most greenhouse soils in Shanghai suburb suffer from secondary salinization with high salinity levels dominated by Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3-. In this work, a sandy loam soil (Calcaric Fluvisols) contaminated by the above ions was selected as research object, and the binding conditions and abilities of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) to water-soluble Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the soil were examined, and then pot experiments were conducted to remove Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3- by two halophytes (Sedum aizoon L., Sesbania cannabina Pers.) integrated with γ-PGA application. The results showed that under the conditions of adding 1000 mg L-1γ-PGA (pH 7) and 25 °C, the binding efficiencies of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 51.59% and 68.03%, respectively. Compared with Sesbania cannabina Pers., Sedum aizoon L. displayed better remediation performance for the soil with γ-PGA application in pot experiments, and the removal efficiencies of Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3- reached 93.25%, 94.78% and 84.26% after applying 1000 mg L-1γ-PGA for 56 d, respectively. Moreover, γ-PGA application could mitigate salt stress and promote plant growth, and activate antioxidant defense systems. Compared with the control, 1000 mg L-1γ-PGA application significantly increased plant height and fresh weight of Sedum aizoon L., and the removal efficiencies of Ca2+, Mg2+ and NO3- increased by 45.48%, 82.62% and 69.91%, respectively. In the future, more in-depth mechanism of joint effect and field-scale investigation need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Mu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dong Tang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China; School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; Kaizhou Reform Research Center, Chongqing, 405400, China
| | - Liang Mao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan, 415000, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yuee Zhi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Zhang Y, Li G, Si L, Liu N, Gao T, Yang Y. Effects of tea polyphenols on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of related gene in the leaves of wheat seedlings under salt stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65447-65461. [PMID: 34319523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Longchun 30, a new wheat variety, was used to investigate seedling growth, element absorption, and antioxidant response under 150 mM NaCl and tea polyphenols (TP) (25 and 100 mg L-1) treatments alone or in combination, thus revealing TP-alleviating mechanism on the salt damage to plants. 150 mM NaCl stress alone inhibited the seedling growth, increased sodium content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, but reduced potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) levels at different culture times, thus resulting in the oxidative damage to the leaves. Even though 25 or 100 mg L-1 TP treatment alone led to the significant increases of O2·- and H2O2 generation, TP-treated leaves exhibited the reduction of relative electrical conductivity and no change of malondialdehyde content. Moreover, high TP concentration alone stimulated the seedling growth. In addition, the activities and gene expression of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase (POD) as well as diamine oxidase and polyamine oxidase were changed to different degrees due to NaCl or TP treatment alone. Further study showed that the presence of 25 or 100 mg L-1 TP promoted the growth, increased K+ and Ca2+ contents, and reduced O2·- and H2O2 accumulation in salt-stressed wheat seedlings. Taken together, salinity-inhibitory effect on the growth of wheat seedlings might be associated with salt-induced imbalance of element content and the increase of oxidative damage resulting from ROS accumulation, while the application of TP effectively alleviated salinity-inhibitory effect on the seedling growth and improved the tolerance of wheat seedlings to salt environment, which might be associated with the increases of K+ and Ca2+ contents as well as the reduction of oxidative damage in the leaves of wheat seedlings under NaCl and TP treatment in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiying Li
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianbang Si
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianpeng Gao
- The Engineering Research Center of Mining Pollution Treatment and Ecological Restoration of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi`an University, Xi`an, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingli Yang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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15
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García-García AL, García-Machado FJ, Borges AA, Morales-Sierra S, Boto A, Jiménez-Arias D. Pure Organic Active Compounds Against Abiotic Stress: A Biostimulant Overview. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:575829. [PMID: 33424879 PMCID: PMC7785943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.575829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulants (BSs) are probably one of the most promising alternatives nowadays to cope with yield losses caused by plant stress, which are intensified by climate change. Biostimulants comprise many different compounds with positive effects on plants, excluding pesticides and chemical fertilisers. Usually mixtures such as lixiviates from proteins or algal extracts have been used, but currently companies are interested in more specific compounds that are capable of increasing tolerance against abiotic stress. Individual application of a pure active compound offers researchers the opportunity to better standarise formulations, learn more about the plant defence process itself and assist the agrochemical industry in the development of new products. This review attempts to summarise the state of the art regarding various families of organic compounds and their mode/mechanism of action as BSs, and how they can help maximise agricultural yields under stress conditions aggravated by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. García-García
- Grupo de Agrobiotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Tierra, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
- Grupo Síntesis de Fármacos y Compuestos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química de Productos Naturales y Sintéticos Bioactivos, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
- Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-Machado
- Grupo de Agrobiotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Tierra, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
- Grupo Síntesis de Fármacos y Compuestos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química de Productos Naturales y Sintéticos Bioactivos, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
- Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Andrés A. Borges
- Grupo de Agrobiotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Tierra, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Boto
- Grupo Síntesis de Fármacos y Compuestos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química de Productos Naturales y Sintéticos Bioactivos, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - David Jiménez-Arias
- Grupo de Agrobiotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Tierra, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, San Cristobal de La Laguna, Spain
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16
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Yin F, Liu X, Cao B, Xu K. Low pH altered salt stress in antioxidant metabolism and nitrogen assimilation in ginger (Zingiber officinale) seedlings. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:648-659. [PMID: 31278755 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The effects of low pH on antioxidant metabolism and nitrogen (N) assimilation in ginger seedlings under salt stress were investigated. A two-way randomized block design was used: the main treatment consisted of two pH levels, normal and low pH (6.0 and 4.0, respectively), and the other treatment consisted of two salinity levels, 0 and 100 mmol l-1 Na+ (NaCl and Na2 SO4 ). The results showed that low pH decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide contents of ginger seedling leaves under salt stress. Moreover, low pH and salt stress significantly decreased the contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants, including ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR). In addition, salt stress inhibited the N assimilation process in ginger seedling leaves, but low pH improved N assimilation under salt stress. Our finding was that low pH alleviated oxidative damage and promoted N assimilation under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengman Yin
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xuena Liu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Bili Cao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kun Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an, 271018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, China
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17
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Melatonin Application Improves Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9020220. [PMID: 32046353 PMCID: PMC7076651 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated forage grass. The productivity and forage quality of alfalfa are severely affected by salt stress. Melatonin is a bioactive molecule with versatile physiological functions and plays important roles in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Melatonin has been proven efficient in improving alfalfa drought and waterlogging tolerance in recent studies. In our reports, we applied melatonin exogenously to explore the effects of melatonin on alfalfa growth and salt resistance. The results demonstrated that melatonin application promoted alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth, and reduced oxidative damage under salt stress. Further application research found that melatonin alleviated salt injury in alfalfa plants under salt stress. The electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and H2O2 content were significantly reduced, and the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) were increased with melatonin pretreatment compared to control plants under salt stress with the upregulation of genes related to melatonin and antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis. Melatonin was also involved in reducing Na+ accumulation in alfalfa plants. Our study indicates that melatonin plays a primary role as an antioxidant in scavenging H2O2 and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes to improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa plants.
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18
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Enhanced Low Molecular Weight Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid Production in Recombinant Bacillus subtilis 1A751 with Zinc Ion. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:411-423. [PMID: 31037584 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a novel biodegradable polyamide material. Microbial fermentation is the only way to produce γ-PGA, but the molecular weight of γ-PGA varied depending on different strains and culture conditions used. The molecular weight of γ-PGA is a main factor affecting the utilization of γ-PGA. It is urgent to find an efficient way to prepare γ-PGA with specific molecular weight, especially low molecular weight. Bacillus subtilis ECUST is a glutamate-dependent strain that produces γ-PGA. In this study, a recombinant B. subtilis harboring the γ-PGA synthase gene cluster pgsBCAE of our preciously identified γ-PGA-producing B. subtilis ECUST was constructed. Assay of γ-PGA contents and properties showed that recombinant B. subtilis 1A751-pBNS2-pgsBCAE obtained the ability to synthesize γ-PGA with low molecular weight (about 10 kDa). The excessive addition of glutamate inhibited the γ-PGA synthesis, while the addition of Zn2+ could promote the synthesis of γ-PGA by increasing the transcription of pgsB but had no effect on the molecular weight of synthesized γ-PGA. Under optimized conditions, γ-PGA produced by recombinant B. subtilis 1A751-pBNS2-pgsBCAE increased from initial 0.54 g/L to 3.9 g/L, and the glutamate conversion rate reached 78%. Recombinant B. subtilis 1A751-pBNS2-pgsBCAE has the potential for efficient preparation of low molecular weight γ-PGA.
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19
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Pang X, Lei P, Feng X, Xu Z, Xu H, Liu K. Poly-γ-glutamic acid, a bio-chelator, alleviates the toxicity of Cd and Pb in the soil and promotes the establishment of healthy Cucumis sativus L. seedling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:19975-19988. [PMID: 29744777 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) can be used as a chemical stabilizer to chelate heavy metals in polluted soils. We investigated the effects of γ-PGA on cucumber seedlings under Cd and Pb stresses. γ-PGA effectively reduced the growth inhibitory effects of Cd and Pb on cucumber seedlings. Cd and Pb absorption in cucumber seedlings was also decreased. Further, γ-PGA decreased the malondialdehyde content, and increased the proline content and the total antioxidant capacity of cucumber seedlings in a dose-dependent manner. Infrared spectral characterization of γ-PGA-Cd and γ-PGA-Pb showed that Cd2+ and Pb2+ bind to free carboxyl groups on γ-PGA. Furthermore, γ-PGA-Cd and γ-PGA-Pb were degraded by 22.02 and 24.68%, respectively, within 28 weeks. The chelating rate of γ-PGA-Pb and γ-PGA-Cd reached 27.26 and 14.28%, respectively. Further, γ-PGA alleviated the negative effects of Cd and Pb on soil microorganisms. Thus, γ-PGA can effectively reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in crops caused by heavy metal pollution of farmland, and has significant application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Pang
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lei
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohai Feng
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongqi Xu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Xu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Liu
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
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