1
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Joseph NK, Koshy VJ, Aravind UK, Aravindakumar CT. Photo-transformation of ofloxacin in natural aquatic conditions: Impact of indirect photolysis on the product profile and transformation mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142484. [PMID: 38830465 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The natural phototransformation of organic pollutants in the environment depends on several water constituents, including inorganic ions, humic substances, and pH. However, the literature information concerning the influence of various water components on the amount of phototransformation and their impact on the development of various transformation products (TPs) is minimal. This study investigated the phototransformation of ofloxacin (OFL), a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, in the presence of various water components such as cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+, NH4+, Mg2+), anions (NO3-, SO42-, HCO3-, CO32-, PO43-), pH, and humic substances when exposed to natural sunlight. The study reveals that neutral pH levels (0.39374 min⁻1) enhance the phototransformation of OFL in aquatic environments. Carbonate, among anions, shows the highest rate constant (2.89966 min⁻1), significantly influencing OFL phototransformation, while all anions exhibit a notable impact. In aquatic environments, indirect phototransformation of OFL, driven by increased reactive oxygen species, expedites light-induced reactions, potentially enhancing OFL phototransformation. A clear difference was visible in the type of transformation products (TPs) formed during direct and indirect photolysis. The impact of indirect photolysis in the product profile was evaluated by examining the unique properties of TPs in direct and indirect photolysis. The primary transformation products were generated by oxidation and cleavage processes directed towards the ofloxacin piperazinyl, oxazine, and carboxyl groups. The toxicity assessment of TPs derived from OFL revealed that among the 26 identified TPs, TP3 (demethylated product), TP7 and TP8 (decarboxylated products), and TP15 (piperazine ring cleaved product) could potentially have some toxicological effects. These findings suggest that the phototransformation of OFL in the presence of various water components is necessary when assessing this antibiotic's environmental fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha K Joseph
- Inter-University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Valsamma J Koshy
- Inter-University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India
| | - Usha K Aravind
- School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science & Technology (CUSAT), Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Charuvila T Aravindakumar
- Inter-University Instrumentation Centre (IUIC), Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India; School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India.
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2
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Salvi-Taga RG, Meffe R, Martínez-Hernández V, De Miguel Garcia A, De Bustamante I. Amended Vegetation Filters as Nature-Based Solutions for the Treatment of Pharmaceuticals: Infiltration Experiments Coupled to Reactive Transport Modelling. TOXICS 2024; 12:334. [PMID: 38787113 PMCID: PMC11125991 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12050334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In small populations and scattered communities, wastewater treatment through vegetation filters (VFs), a nature-based solution, has proved to be feasible, especially for nutrient and organic matter removal. However, the presence of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and their potential to infiltrate through the vadose zone and reach groundwater is a drawback in the evaluation of VF performances. Soil amended with readily labile carbon sources, such as woodchips, enhances microbial activity and sorption processes, which could improve pharmaceutical attenuation in VFs. The present study aims to assess if woodchip amendments to a VF's soil are able to abate concentrations of selected pharmaceuticals in the infiltrating water by quantitatively describing the occurring processes through reactive transport modelling. Thus, a column experiment using soil collected from an operating VF and poplar woodchips was conducted, alongside a column containing only soil used as reference. The pharmaceuticals acetaminophen, naproxen, atenolol, caffeine, carbamazepine, ketoprofen and sulfamethoxazole were applied daily to the column inlet, mimicking a real irrigation pattern and periodically measured in the effluent. Ketoprofen was the only injected pharmaceutical that reached the column outlet of both systems within the experimental timeframe. The absence of acetaminophen, atenolol, caffeine, carbamazepine, naproxen and sulfamethoxazole in both column outlets indicates that they were attenuated even without woodchips. However, the presence of 10,11-epoxy carbamazepine and atenolol acid as transformation products (TPs) suggests that incomplete degradation also occurs and that the effect of the amendment on the infiltration of TPs is compound-specific. Modelling allowed us to generate breakthrough curves of ketoprofen in both columns and to obtain transport parameters during infiltration. Woodchip-amended columns exhibited Kd and μw values from one to two orders of magnitude higher compared to soil column. This augmentation of sorption and biodegradation processes significantly enhanced the removal of ketoprofen to over 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Gabriela Salvi-Taga
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environment, University of Alcala, 28802 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raffaella Meffe
- IMDEA Water Institute, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (V.M.-H.)
| | | | - Angel De Miguel Garcia
- Wageningen Environmental Research (WEnR), Water and Food Team, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Irene De Bustamante
- Department of Geology, Geography and Environment, University of Alcala, 28802 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
- IMDEA Water Institute, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (V.M.-H.)
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3
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Trognon J, Albasi C, Choubert JM. A critical review on the pathways of carbamazepine transformation products in oxidative wastewater treatment processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169040. [PMID: 38061647 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant drug, released in domestic and hospital wastewater, and one of the drugs most commonly detected in surface water. Conventional secondary processes do a very poor job of removing it (<25 %), but its concentrations are significantly reduced by polishing oxidation processes. However, there are still many unknowns regarding the transformation products generated and their fate. This review first presents the journey of CBZ and its transformation products (TPs) in wastewater, from human consumption to discharge in water bodies. It then goes on to detail the diversity of mechanisms responsible for CBZ degradation and the generation of multiple TPs, laying the emphasis on the different types of advanced oxidation processes (AOP). 135 TPs were reported and a map describing their formation/degradation pathways was drawn up. This work highlights the wide range of physicochemical properties and toxicity effects of TPs on aquatic organisms and provides information about TPs of interest for future research. Finally, this review concludes on the importance of quantifying TPs and of determining kinetic characteristics to produce more accurate reaction schemes and computer-based fate predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Trognon
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Claire Albasi
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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4
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Chen L, Shao H, Mao C, Ren Y, Zhao T, Tu M, Wang H, Xu G. Degradation of hexavalent chromium and naphthalene by electron beam irradiation: Degradation efficiency, mechanisms, and degradation pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:138992. [PMID: 37271473 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in industrial wastewater have attracted much attention due to their damage to the environment and the human body. Studies have shown that there may be interactions between PAHs and HMs, leading to enhanced toxicity of both pollutants. It has been shown that traditional methods are difficult to treat a combination of PAHs and HMs simultaneously. This paper presented an innovative method for treating PAHs and HMs compound pollutants by electron beam irradiation and achieved the removal of the compound pollutants using a single means. Experiments showed that the absorbed dose at 15 kGy could achieve 100% degradation of NAP and 90% reduction of Cr (Ⅵ). This article investigated the effects of electron beam removal of PAHs and HMs complex contaminants in various water environmental matrices. The experimental results showed that the degradation of NAP followed the pseudo-first-order dynamics, and the degradation of NAP was more favorable under neutral conditions. Inorganic ions and water quality had little effect on NAP degradation. For electron beam reduction of Cr (Ⅵ), alkaline conditions were more conducive to reducing Cr (Ⅵ). Especially, adding K2S2O8 or HCOOH achieved 99% reduction of Cr (Ⅵ). Experiments showed that •OH achieve the degradation of NAP, and eaq- achieve the reduction of Cr (Ⅵ). The results showed that the degradation of NAP was mainly achieved by benzene ring opening, carboxylation and aldehyde, which proved that the degradation of NAP was mainly caused by •OH attack. The toxicity analysis results showed that the electron beam could significantly reduce the toxicity of NAP, and the toxicity of the final product was much lower than NAP, realizing the harmless treatment of NAP. The experimental results showed that electron beam irradiation has faster degradation rates and higher degradation efficiency for NAP and Cr (Ⅵ) compared to other reported treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Haiyang Shao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
| | - Chengkai Mao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Yingfei Ren
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Mengxin Tu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Hongyong Wang
- Shanghai University, Shanghai Institute Applied Radiation, 20 Chengzhong Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, PR China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
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5
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Li X, Xue X, Jia J, Zou X, Guan Y, Zhu L, Wang Z. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac accelerates the emergence of antibiotic resistance via mutagenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121457. [PMID: 36958653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of antimicrobial agents are generally considered to be a key factor in the occurrence of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB). Nevertheless, it is unclear whether ARB can be induced by non-antibiotic chemicals such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate whether NSAID diclofenac (DCF) promote the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli K12 MG1655. Our results suggested that DCF induced the occurrence of ARB which showed hereditary stability of resistance. Meanwhile, gene variation was identified on chromosome of the ARB, and DCF can cause bacterial oxidative stress and SOS response. Subsequently, transcriptional levels of antioxidant (soxS, sodA, sodC, gor, katG, ahpF) and SOS (recA, lexA, uvrA, uvrB, ruvA, ruvB, dinB, umuC, polB) system-related genes were enhanced. However, the expression of related genes cannot be increased in high-dosage treatment compared with low-dosage samples because of cytotoxicity and cellular damage. Simultaneously, high-dosage DCF decreased the mutation frequency but enhanced the resistance of mutants. Our findings expand our knowledge of the promoting effect on the emergence of ARB caused by DCF. More attention and regulations should be given to these potential ecological and health risks for widespread DCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangju Li
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xue Xue
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaocui Zou
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yongjing Guan
- College of Marine Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Long Zhu
- College of Marine Science and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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6
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Klanovicz N, Camargo AF, Ramos B, Michelon W, Treichel H, Teixeira ACSC. A review of hybrid enzymatic-chemical treatment for wastewater containing antiepileptic drugs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27487-z. [PMID: 37184794 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide and requires treatment with antiepileptic drugs for many years or for life. This fact leads to the need for constant production and use of these compounds, placing them among the four pharmaceutical classes most found in wastewater. Even at low concentrations, antiepileptics pose risks to human and environmental health and are considered organic contaminants of emerging concern. Conventional treatments have shown low removal of these drugs, requiring advanced and innovative approaches. In this context, this review covers the results and perspectives on (1) consumption and occurrence of antiepileptics in water, (2) toxicological effects in aquatic ecosystems, (3) enzymatic and advanced oxidation processes for degrading antiepileptics drugs from a molecular point of view (biochemical and chemical phenomena), (4) improvements in treatment efficiency by hybridization, and (5) technical aspects of the enzymatic-AOP reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Klanovicz
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508080, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocesses (LAMIBI), Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim, Brazil.
| | - Aline Frumi Camargo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocesses (LAMIBI), Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Bioscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ramos
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508080, Brazil
| | | | - Helen Treichel
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocesses (LAMIBI), Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Silva Costa Teixeira
- Research Group in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AdOx), Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508080, Brazil
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7
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LaRuO3 perovskites as effective and reusable heterogeneous catalysts to activate peroxymonosulfate for carbamazepine degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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8
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Miele RG, Carvalho JFD, Almeida JD, Oliveira IHMD, Parise BDF, Moraes JEFD. Photo-Fenton process applied for the treatment of industrial wastewaters containing diclofenac: optimization with low iron ions concentrations and without pH control. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:550-562. [PMID: 37042057 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2200720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF) can cause several adverse effects in the environment and it should be removed from industrial pharmaceutical wastewaters. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising methods for the DCF degradation. But, in many cases, AOPs require acidic pH. However, at this condition, DCF precipitates, which may hinder its oxidation. Thus, in this work, some AOP were studied for the DCF degradation, especially the photo-Fenton process, applying the experimental design technique (Doehlert matrix), operating without and with pH control (between 6.5 and 7.0). As independent variables, the initial ferrous ion concentration ([Fe2+]) and the molar addition rate of H2O2 (FH2O2) were evaluated. Empirical models were proposed and optimized conditions were determined without ([Fe2+] = 0.27 mmol L-1 and FH2O2 = 1.64 mmol min-1) and with pH control ([Fe2+] = 1.0 mmol L-1 and FH2O2 = 1.64 mmol L-1), with the following predicted mineralization percentages: 93% and 68%, respectively. So, photo-Fenton process without pH control presented the best performances. Furthermore, at this condition, iron concentration respects the limit value established by the Brazilian environmental legislation. That is, in this condition, additional processes, in order to remove iron ions, would not be necessary, that is very interesting for applications on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gonçalves Miele
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Ferreira de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Almeida
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isaac Henrique Molina de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara de França Parise
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Ermírio Ferreira de Moraes
- Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental (LENCA), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Bateni A, Valizadeh K, Salahshour Y, Behroozi AH, Maleki A. Fabrication and characterization of pectin-graphene oxide-magnesium ferrite-zinc oxide nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac in an aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 324:116358. [PMID: 36179472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater containing pharmaceutical contaminants has become a critical environmental concern due to rising population and drug consumption caused by increased life expectancy. Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most applicable drugs for veterinary and human health purposes, polluting surface waters in different ways. This work aims to synthesize a novel pectin-graphene oxide (GO)-magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4)-zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite (PGMZ) for photocatalytic degradation of DCF in an aquatic environment under visible light irradiation. The single and synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by several analyses, confirming the successful synthesis of the nanocomposite. Effects of four operation conditions, including nanocomposite dosage (1-1.25 g/L), nanocomposite type, initial contaminant concentration (35-55 mg/L), and solution pH (3-11), were investigated on the degradation performance. From the kinetic study, the effect of mixing two composites, i.e., synergy percentage, was 38.7% when ZnO-MgFe2O4 particles were added to the GO-pectin structure. By examining the effect of different free radical enhancers and scavenging compounds on the DCF photodegradation, the most influential scavenging components were in the following order; NaCl > Na2CO3 > Na2SO4, while K2S2O8 was a better enhancer than H2O2 at their optimal concentration. Finally, the PGMZ photocatalyst was reused six times with a reduction of about 20% in its removal efficiency, indicating excellent reusability and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Bateni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Kamran Valizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasin Salahshour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Behroozi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran.
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10
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Wang T, Jiang M, Yu X, Niu N, Chen L. Application of lignin adsorbent in wastewater Treatment: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Sánchez M, Ramos DR, Fernández MI, Aguilar S, Ruiz I, Canle M, Soto M. Removal of emerging pollutants by a 3-step system: Hybrid digester, vertical flow constructed wetland and photodegradation post-treatments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156750. [PMID: 35750172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The removal of emerging pollutants from municipal wastewater was studied for the first time using a three-step pilot-scale system: 1) hybrid digester (HD) as first step, 2) subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland (VF) as second step, and 3) photodegradation (PD) unit as third step or post-treatment. The HD and VF units were built and operated in series with effluent recirculation at pilot scale. For the PD post-treatment, three alternatives were studied at lab-scale, i) UVC irradiation at 254 nm (0.5 h exposure time), ii) UVA irradiation at 365 nm using a TiO2-based photocatalyst and iii) sunlight irradiation using a TiO2-based photocatalyst, the last two for 1 and 2 h. Alternative iii) was also tested at pilot-scale. Degradation of nine compounds was evaluated: acetaminophen (ACE), caffeine (CAF), carbamazepine (CBZ), ketoprofen (KET), ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DCL), clofibric acid (ACB), bisphenol A (BPA), and sotalol (SOT). Overall, the HD-VF-UVC system completely removed (>99.5 %) ACE, CAF, KET, IBU, DCL and ACB, and to a lesser extent SOT (98 %), BPA (83 %) and CBZ (51 %). On the other hand, the HD-VF-UVA/TiO2 system (at 2 h) achieved >99.5 % removal of ACE, CAF, KET, IBU and DCL while ACB, BPA, CBZ and SOT were degraded by 83 %, 81 %, 78 % and 68 %, respectively. Working also at 2 h of exposure time, in summer conditions, the HD-VF-Sol/TiO2 system achieved >99.5 % removal of ACE, CAF, KET, IBU, DCL and ACB, and to a minor extent BPA (80 %), SOT (74 %) and CBZ (69 %). Similar results, although slightly lower for SOT (60 %) and CBZ (59 %), were obtained in the pilot sunlight plus TiO2 catalyst unit. However, the use of sunlight irradiation with a TiO2-based photocatalyst clearly showed lower removal efficiency in autumn conditions (i.e., 47 % SOT, 31 % CBZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - D R Ramos
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - M I Fernández
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - S Aguilar
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - I Ruiz
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - M Canle
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain
| | - M Soto
- Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & CICA, University of A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Galiza, Spain.
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12
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Huang J, He J, Xu K, Xiang Y, Luo Y. Diclofenac degradation by activating peroxydisulfate via well-dispersed GO/Cu 2O nano-composite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41776-41787. [PMID: 35098477 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Owing to high treatment efficiency under neutral condition and no extra energy required, copper-mediated activation of persulfate (PS) has been widely used for the degradation of refractory organic pollutants in water. The dispersion stability of copper nanoparticle in water, however, remains a great challenge. Meanwhile, chemical oxidative modification of graphene oxide (GO) can improve the dispersion stability of GO in water. In this paper, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) was deposited on the surface of GO. GO/Cu2O nano-composites with different mass ratios, i.e., m(GO):m(Cu2O) of 1:2, 1:5, 1:10, and 1:25, were prepared. When m(GO):m(Cu2O) was 1:2, the amount of GO/Cu2O nano-composite was 1.00 g/L and CPDS:CDCF was 15:1, and the catalytic degradation rate of diclofenac (DCF) was up to 90%. Corresponding physicochemical properties of the resulting samples were comprehensively characterized by using SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, FT-IR, and XPS. DCF degradation by activating peroxydisulfate (PDS) via GO/Cu2O nano-composite was also investigated in detail. It is found that the synergistic effect, namely GO adsorption and multivalent copper ion electron transfer, makes GO/Cu2O nano-composite reveal higher reactivity. Moreover, GO/Cu2O nano-composite possesses good stability in consecutive cycling test. EPR analyses shows that ·OH and SO4·- radicals are involved in DCF degradation. It is indicated that the DCF degradation process contain hydroxylation and the cleavage of C-N bond, which is explored by GC-MS. In our research, well-dispersed GO/Cu2O nano-composite with high capacity and good cycling stability was fabricated successfully. Compared with pure Cu2O nanoparticle, GO/Cu2O nano-composite exhibits the better performance for DCF removal. A novel well-dispersed cuprous oxide (Cu2O) deposited on surface of GO was fabricated with high catalytic performance. Its heterogeneous activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) for diclofenac (DCF) degradation was investigated. GO/Cu2O nano-composite was proved high capacity and good cycling stability. Meanwhile, the possible DCF degradation pathway was explored. Compared with pure Cu2O nanoparticle, GO/Cu2O nano-composite exhibits better performance for DCF removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Keneng Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
- National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
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Cecconet D, Sturini M, Malavasi L, Capodaglio AG. Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Sustainable Photocatalyst Material for Pollutants Removal. State-of-the Art, Preliminary Tests and Application Perspectives. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7368. [PMID: 34885523 PMCID: PMC8658503 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is an attractive strategy for emerging pollutants remediation. Research towards the development of new, efficient and effective catalytic materials with high activity under wide irradiation spectra is a highly active sector in material science. Various semiconductor materials have been employed as photocatalysts, including TiO2, SrTiO3, CdS, BiVO4, Ta3N5, TaON, Ag3PO4, and g-C3N4. The latter is a metal-free, low cost polymer, providing high adsorption and catalytic properties, shown to be promising for photocatalysis applications under visible light. Furthermore, g-C3N4 composites are among the most promising advanced photocatalytical materials that can be produced by green synthesis processes. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of g-C3N4 applications is reviewed, and application perspectives are discussed. Photocatalysis tests with g-C3N4 under Xenon irradiation were performed to gather first-hand information to improve photoreactor design. Xenon light spectrum appears to be a suitable radiation source to replace direct sunlight in engineered pollutants removal processes catalyzed by g-C3N4, in lieu of other currently used heterogeneous photocatalysis processes (e.g., TiO2-UV). LED sources are also very promising due to higher energy efficiency and customizable, catalyzer-specific irradiation spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cecconet
- Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Michela Sturini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Malavasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Andrea G. Capodaglio
- Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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15
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Electrochemical degradation of emerging pollutants via laser-induced graphene electrodes. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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16
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Occurrence of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Water Environment of Poland: A Review. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13162283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The issue of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the water environment has gained increasing interest worldwide. To determine the nature and extent of this problem for Poland, this paper presents a review of research on the presence of PPCPs in Poland, looking at results for different water samples, including wastewater (before and after treatment), landfill leachate, surface water (standing water bodies and rivers), seawater, groundwater and drinking water. The review is based on over 50 scientific articles and dissertations referring to studies of PPCPs. It also briefly outlines possible sources and the fate of PPCPs in the aquatic environment. The review of Polish research has revealed that studies have previously covered at least 39 PPCP groups (270 compounds in total). These studies focused mainly on wastewater and rivers, and only a few concerned landfill leachate and seawater. They most often reported on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. The highest concentrations of the analysed PPCPs were found mainly in raw wastewater (e.g., naproxen, up to 551,960 ng/L), but they were also occasionally found in surface water (e.g., azithromycin, erythromycin, irbesartan and metoprolol) and in groundwater (e.g., N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, known as DEET, up to 17,280 ng/L). Extremely high concentrations of bisphenol A (up to 2,202,000 ng/L) and diclofenac (up to 108,340 ng/L) were found in landfill leachate. Although numerous substances have been detected, PPCPs are still not monitored regularly, which makes it difficult to obtain a clear understanding of their incidence in the water environment.
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Taoufik N, Boumya W, Achak M, Sillanpää M, Barka N. Comparative overview of advanced oxidation processes and biological approaches for the removal pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 288:112404. [PMID: 33780817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, pharmaceuticals are the center of significant environmental research due to their complex and highly stable bioactivity, increasing concentration in the water streams and high persistence in aquatic environments. Conventional wastewater treatment techniques are generally inadequate to remove these pollutants. Aiming to tackle this issue effectively, various methods have been developed and investigated on the light of chemical, physical and biological procedures. Increasing attention has recently been paid to the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as efficient methods for the complete mineralization of pharmaceuticals. Their high operating costs compared to other processes, however, remain a challenge. Hence, this review summarizes the current and state of art related to AOPs, biological treatment and their effective exploitation for the degradation of various pharmaceuticals and other emerging molecules present in wastewater. The review covers the last decade with a particular focus on the previous five years. It is further envisioned that this review of advanced oxidation methods and biological treatments, discussed herein, will help readers to better understand the mechanisms and limitations of these methods for the removal of pharmaceuticals from the environment. In addition, we compared AOPs and biological treatments for the disposal of pharmaceuticals from the point of view of cost, effectiveness, and popularity of their use. The exploitation of coupling AOPs and biological procedures for the degradation of pharmaceuticals in wastewater was also presented. It is worthy of note that an integrated AOPs/biological system is essential to reach the complete degradation of pharmaceuticals; other advantages of this hybrid technique involve low energy cost, an efficient degradation process and generation of non-toxic by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Taoufik
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Research Group in Environmental Sciences and Applied Materials (SEMA), FP Khouribga, Morocco.
| | - Wafaa Boumya
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Research Group in Environmental Sciences and Applied Materials (SEMA), FP Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Mounia Achak
- Science Engineer Laboratory for Energy, National School of Applied Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida, Morocco; Chemical & Biochemical Sciences, Green Process Engineering, CBS, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Noureddine Barka
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Research Group in Environmental Sciences and Applied Materials (SEMA), FP Khouribga, Morocco.
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Capodaglio AG. Taking the water out of "wastewater": An ineluctable oxymoron for urban water cycle sustainability. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:2030-2040. [PMID: 32510735 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water, energy, and food are key resources that could easily limit sustainability of human society development. Water supply requires considerable amounts of energy, and "usedwater" carries considerable amounts of embedded energy and recoverable materials within. Usedwater is increasingly considered as a potential resource, rather than as a waste. Among process technology options that may allow efficient recovery of that energy, anaerobic digestion could be considered the most mature, already sporting countless applications worldwide. However, the present inefficient dilution-base collection systems paradigm produces rather dilute sewage, preventing to a large degree a more efficient application of this technology. A new collection system paradigm, based on liquid sources segregation and minimal organics dilution, could result in significant energy savings for conveyance and treatment. This could also enhance recovery of nutrients and reclamation of potentially reusable water, with the associated benefit of reduced production of process residuals requiring further disposal. Implications of this model are discussed. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The nexus between water, energy, and food is an impending challenge on water cycle sustainability Current paradigms of urban water management are based on disadvantageous paradigms: high dilution and gravity flow Taking the water out of wastewater may improve energy and recovery efficiency of urban water systems and water reuse options Technologies exist (high-rate anaerobic, vacuum sewers) and are mature for more widespread application of new urban sanitation paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea G Capodaglio
- Department of Civil Engineering & Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Duan P, Jia X, Lin J, Xia R. Electro-oxidation of ceftazidime in real municipal wastewater using PbO2–Ce and SnO2–Sb electrodes: influence of electrolyte and degradation pathway. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-020-01482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Critical Perspective on Advanced Treatment Processes for Water and Wastewater: AOPs, ARPs, and AORPs. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants’ presence in water, wastewater, and aquatic environments has been widely reported. Their environmental and health-related effects, and the increasing tendency towards wastewater reuse require technology that could remove to a greater degree, or even mineralize, all these contaminants. Currently, the most commonly used process technologies for their removal are advanced oxidation processes (AOPs); however, recent advances have highlighted other advanced treatment processes (ATPs) as possible alternatives, such as advanced reduction processes (ARPs) and advanced oxidation-reduction processes (AORPs). Although they are not yet widely diffused, they may remove contaminants that are not readily treatable by AOPs, or offer better performance than the former. This paper presents an overview of some of the most common or promising ATPs for the removal of contaminants from water and wastewater, and their application, with discussion of their limitations and merits. Issues about technologies’ costs and future perspectives in the water sector are discussed.
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Degradation of diclofenac in aqueous solution by ionizing radiation in the presence of humic acid. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zheng M, Bao Y, Huang Z, Qiu W, Xu G, Wang Z. Radiolysis of carbamazepine by electron beam: Roles of transient reactive species and biotoxicity of final reaction solutions on rotifer Philodina sp. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135013. [PMID: 31757543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam (EB) has proven to be an effective advanced oxidation reduction process (AORP) to degrade the psychiatric drug carbamazepine (CBZ); however, the degradation mechanism and the toxicity of the final reaction solutions to aquatic microorganisms needed further investigation. In this study, CBZ was eventually degraded and even mineralized by EB treatment, where the degradation of CBZ followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics with R2 > 0.98. Acidic conditions, presence of an additional oxidant (2.5 mmol L-1 H2O2), and O2/air-saturated conditions improved the degradation efficiency of CBZ, as well as the radiation chemical yield (G-value defined as the efficiency of the irradiation process). Concentrations of transient reactive species (TRS) caused by EB were quantified under different conditions at doses of 0.956 and 3.17 kGy, and the apparent quantum yield of CBZ degradation was in the order of OH > H > eaq-. However, the contribution of these species to CBZ degradation was in the order of OH > eaq- >H due to the generation of only a small amount of H. Findings regarding the changes of in CBZ degradation intermediates, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and total organic carbon showed that CBZ can gradually be mineralized into CO2/CO32-, H2O, and NH3/NH4+ by the EB process. Additionally, an excellent rotifer survival rate after 5-day culturing in the reaction solutions resulting from 5-kGy treatment indicated that EB can be a safe AORP to mineralize CBZ in solution. These findings provide scientific proof for the EB being an effective AORP for removal of psychiatric drugs from aqueous solutions, laying the foundation for future remediation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yangyang Bao
- Pudong New Area Environmental Monitoring Station, No. 51 Lingshan Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zhongying Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Camiré A, Espinasse J, Chabot B, Lajeunesse A. Development of electrospun lignin nanofibers for the adsorption of pharmaceutical contaminants in wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3560-3573. [PMID: 30341756 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants present a challenge for water preservation, threatening humans' health and all ecosystems. They consist of a variety of molecules ranging from pharmaceutical and personal care products to pesticides and endocrine disruptors detectable in wastewater, sewage effluent, surface water, drinking water, and ground waters at trace level concentrations (e.g., ng/L, μg/L). Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) possess low efficiency to remove them. Therefore, new technologies capable of removing such residues are needed. Lignin recognized as a renewable and abundant biopolymer is transformed through electrospinning into an anionic nanofibrous nonwoven adsorbent to extract those contaminants and dispose them safely. Electrospinning allows the manufacture of fibers at the micro- or nanoscale under the influence of an electric current. In this study, nanofibers of alkali lignin and a co-polymer, poly(vinyl alcohol), were developed and tested on the adsorption of a pharmaceutical contaminant (fluoxetine) in an aqueous solution. Results showed that the lignin nanofibers, of 156 nm in diameter, adsorbed 70% of fluoxetine in solution which corresponds to 32 ppm of contaminants removed in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Camiré
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Boulevard, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Julie Espinasse
- École Supérieure de Chimie Organique et Minérale, 60200, Compiègne, France
| | - Bruno Chabot
- Lignocellulosic Materials Research Centre, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Boulevard, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - André Lajeunesse
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Boulevard, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada.
- Forensic Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Boulevard, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, G9A 5H7, Canada.
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Energy Issues in Sustainable Urban Wastewater Management: Use, Demand Reduction and Recovery in the Urban Water Cycle. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su12010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energy consumers at municipal level worldwide. Estimates indicate that on average these facilities alone may require about 1% to 3% of the total electric energy output of a country, representing a significant fraction of municipal energy bills. Specific power consumption of state-of-the-art facilities should range between 20 and 45 kWh per population-equivalent served, per year, even though older plants may have even higher demands. This figure does not include wastewater conveyance (pumping) and residues post-processing. On the other hand, wastewater and its byproducts contain energy in different forms: chemical, thermal and potential. Until very recently, the only form of energy recovery from most facilities consisted of anaerobic post-digestion of process residuals (waste sludge), by which chemical energy methane is obtained as biogas, in amounts generally sufficient to cover about half of plant requirements. Implementation of new technologies may allow more efficient strategies of energy savings and recovery from sewage treatment. Besides wastewater valorization by exploitation of its chemical and thermal energy contents, closure of the wastewater cycle by recovery of the energy content of process residuals could allow significant additional energy recovery and increased greenhouse emissions abatement.
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Contaminants of Emerging Concern Removal by High-Energy Oxidation-Reduction Processes: State of the Art. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9214562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of ‘emerging contaminants’, i.e., chemicals yet without a regulatory status and poorly understood impact on human health and environment, in wastewater and aquatic environments is widely reported. No established technology, to date, can simultaneously and completely remove all these contaminants, even though some Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs,) have demonstrated capacity for some degradation of these compounds. High-energy, radiolytic processing of water matrices using various sources: electron beam (EB), ɣ-rays or non-thermal plasma (NTP) have shown excellent results in many applications, although these remain at the moment isolated examples and scarcely known. High-energy irradiation constitutes an additive-free process that uses short-lived, highly reactive radicals (both oxidating and reducing) generated by water radiolysis, which can instantaneously decompose organic pollutants. Several studies have demonstrated its effectiveness, as a stand-alone process or combined with others, in the rapid decomposition (up to complete mineralization) of organic compounds in pure and complex solutions, and in the removal or inactivation of microorganisms and parasites, without production of leftover residual compounds in solution. High-energy oxidation processes (a.k.a. Advanced Oxidation & Reduction Processes—AORPs) could have a primary role in future strategies addressing emerging contaminants.
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Li X, Wang Y, Wang B, Huang J, Deng S, Yu G. Combination of ozonation and electrolysis process to enhance elimination of thirty structurally diverse pharmaceuticals in aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 368:281-291. [PMID: 30685716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The increasing amounts of pharmaceuticals in aqueous environment are found to be structurally diverse. O3 has been demonstrated as a high effective agent in removing pharmaceuticals, however, O3 is a very selective oxidant which is ineffective for some ozone refractory structures. Recently, a novel electrochemistry-based oxidation process (E-peroxone) has been developed by a simple combination of electrolysis and conventional ozonation process, which can produce a large amount of aqueous OH in situ. E-peroxone process can enhance the performance of conventional ozonation process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the elimination performance of thirty pharmaceuticals with various chemical structures including macrolide, quinolone, sulfonamides, tetracycline, carboxylic group, Naphthalene, Nitrogen-containing group, CC double bond in electrolysis, ozonation and E-peroxone process. Parent pharmaceuticals and TOC elimination were compared. By comparing different chemical groups, the synergy effect of pharmaceuticals with carboxylic and amide groups were significant, with average degradation level 98.7 ± 2.8% within 15 min. Degradation levels of some groups were quite efficient during both ozonation and E-peroxone process, such as macrolide, quinolone, sulfonamides and tetracycline. E-peroxone process improved the TOC and acute toxicity elimination efficiency of mixed pharmaceutical solutions significantly. Major operation parameters and cross correlation analysis were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shubo Deng
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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