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Oliveira GMMD, Almeida MCCD, Arcelus CMA, Neto Espíndola L, Rivera MAM, Silva-Filho ALD, Marques-Santos C, Fernandes CE, Albuquerque CJDM, Freire CMV, Izar MCDO, Costa MENC, Castro MLD, Lemke VDMG, Lucena AJGD, Brandão AA, Macedo AVS, Polanczyk CA, Lantieri CJB, Nahas EP, Alexandre ERG, Campana EMG, Bragança ÉOV, Colombo FMC, Barbosa ICDQ, Rivera IR, Kulak J, Moura LAZ, Pompei LDM, Baccaro LFC, Barbosa MM, Rodrigues MAH, Albernaz MA, Decoud MSPD, Paiva MSMDO, Sanchez-Zambrano MB, Campos MDSB, Acevedo M, Ramirez MS, Souza OFD, Medeiros OOD, Carvalho RCMD, Machado RB, Silva SCTFD, Rodrigues TDCV, Avila WS, Costa-Paiva LHSD, Wender MCO. Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health - 2024. Arq Bras Cardiol 2024; 121:e20240478. [PMID: 39166619 PMCID: PMC11341215 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20240478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Larissa Neto Espíndola
- Hospital Santa Izabel, Salvador, BA - Brasil
- Hospital Municipal de Salvador, Salvador, BA - Brasil
| | | | | | - Celi Marques-Santos
- Universidade Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, SE - Brasil
- Hospital São Lucas Rede D'Or São Luis, Aracaju, SE - Brasil
| | | | - Carlos Japhet da Matta Albuquerque
- Hospital Santa Joana Recife, Recife PE - Brasil
- EMCOR - Diagnósticos do Coração LTDA, Recife PE - Brasil
- Hospital Barão de Lucena, Recife PE - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carisi Anne Polanczyk
- Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre RS - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Kulak
- Maceió AL - BrasilUniversidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR - Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Monica Acevedo
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago - Chile
| | - Monica Susana Ramirez
- Hospital Privado Rosario, Rosario - Argentina
- Instituto Universitario Rosario (IUNIR), Santa Fe - Argentina
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Nevill AM, Reuter CP, Brand C, Sehn AP, Pollo Renner JD, Batista Lemes V, Duncan MJ. Exploring cardiovascular health in children: the influence of Hemoglobin-to-Platelet ratio in contrasting rural and urban communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39078499 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2385673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the associations and possible mechanisms between Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) and residential location is an important focus of public health research. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 2250 students (6-17 years), from southern Brazil. In addition to age, sex, and body size measurements, we also recorded hemoglobin and platelet count measurements using venous blood samples (10 ml). The CRF was measured using the 6-minute run/walk test, with predictors explored via allometry. Results identified a novel and independent association between the hemoglobin-to-platelet count ratio and children's CRF, after controlling for confounders. We also provide evidence of a possible mechanism for this association, having identified reduced measures of hemoglobin and increased platelet counts observed in children living in urban (vs rural) areas. These results suggest the need for more effective public health practices and policies addressing the built enviroment´s health effects in Brazil and potentially other congested ciries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Nevill
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul/RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana Paula Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul/RS, Brazil
| | - Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul/RS, Brazil
| | - Vanilson Batista Lemes
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre/RS,Brazil
| | - Michael J Duncan
- Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences Research Centre, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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von Känel R. Stress-Induced Hypercoagulability: Insights from Epidemiological and Mechanistic Studies, and Clinical Integration. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024. [PMID: 38914118 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
By integrating findings from comprehensive reviews, meta-analyses, and cutting-edge genetic studies, this article illuminates the significance of stress-induced hypercoagulability in clinical medicine. In particular, the findings from numerous prospective cohort studies indicate that stress and hemostatic factors of a hypercoagulable state are associated with increased incident risk and poor prognosis for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism. Mendelian randomization studies suggest that these associations are partially causal. The review synthesizes extensive research on the link between acute and chronic stress and hypercoagulability, outlining a potential pathway from stress to thrombosis risk. Consistent with the allostatic load concept, acute stress-induced hypercoagulability, initially adaptive, can turn maladaptive under chronic stress or excessive acute stress, leading to arterial or venous thrombotic events. Individuals with predisposing factors, including atherosclerosis, thrombophilia, or immobilization, may exhibit an increased risk of thrombotic disease during stress. Contextual sociodemographic characteristics, the stress experience, and coping resources additionally modulate the extent of stress-induced hypercoagulability. Research into the neuroendocrine, cellular, and molecular bases reveals how stress influences platelet activation coagulation and fibrinolysis. The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, along with vagal withdrawal, and the effects of catecholamines, cortisol, and vasopressin, are the central mechanisms involved. Hemoconcentration, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombopoiesis additionally contribute to stress-induced hypercoagulability. Further research is needed to prove a causal link between chronic stress and hypercoagulability. This includes exploring its implications for the prevention and management of thrombotic diseases in stressed individuals, with a focus on developing effective psychosocial and pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Jin X, Yue X, Huang Z, Meng X, Xu S, Wu Y, Wan Y, Inoue A, Narisawa M, Hu L, Shi GP, Umegaki H, Murohara T, Lei Y, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Cathepsin K deficiency prevented stress-related thrombosis in a mouse FeCl 3 model. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:205. [PMID: 38703204 PMCID: PMC11069486 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to chronic psychological stress (CPS) is a risk factor for thrombotic cardiocerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs). The expression and activity of the cysteine cathepsin K (CTSK) are upregulated in stressed cardiovascular tissues, and we investigated whether CTSK is involved in chronic stress-related thrombosis, focusing on stress serum-induced endothelial apoptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight-week-old wild-type male mice (CTSK+/+) randomly divided to non-stress and 3-week restraint stress groups received a left carotid artery iron chloride3 (FeCl3)-induced thrombosis injury for biological and morphological evaluations at specific timepoints. On day 21 post-stress/injury, the stress had enhanced the arterial thrombi weights and lengths, in addition to harmful alterations of plasma ADAMTS13, von Willebrand factor, and plasminogen activation inhibitor-1, plus injured-artery endothelial loss and CTSK protein/mRNA expression. The stressed CTSK+/+ mice had increased levels of injured arterial cleaved Notch1, Hes1, cleaved caspase8, matrix metalloproteinase-9/-2, angiotensin type 1 receptor, galactin3, p16IN4A, p22phox, gp91phox, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, TNF-α, MCP-1, and TLR-4 proteins and/or genes. Pharmacological and genetic inhibitions of CTSK ameliorated the stress-induced thrombus formation and the observed molecular and morphological changes. In cultured HUVECs, CTSK overexpression and silencing respectively increased and mitigated stressed-serum- and H2O2-induced apoptosis associated with apoptosis-related protein changes. Recombinant human CTSK degraded γ-secretase substrate in a dose-dependent manor and activated Notch1 and Hes1 expression upregulation. CONCLUSIONS CTSK appeared to contribute to stress-related thrombosis in mice subjected to FeCl3 stress, possibly via the modulation of vascular inflammation, oxidative production and apoptosis, suggesting that CTSK could be an effective therapeutic target for CPS-related thrombotic events in patients with CCVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Jin
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Xueling Yue
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuna Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi-Ken, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Megumi Narisawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi-Ken, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
- Department of Intensive Care, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Meitetsu Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, 451-8511, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, 1327 Juzijie, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Community Health Care and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Horikawa I, Nagai H, Taniguchi M, Chen G, Shinohara M, Suzuki T, Ishii S, Katayama Y, Kitaoka S, Furuyashiki T. Chronic stress alters lipid mediator profiles associated with immune-related gene expressions and cell compositions in mouse bone marrow and spleen. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 154:279-293. [PMID: 38485346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of lipid mediators in stress and depression and their link to inflammation, the influence of stress on these mediators and their role in inflammation is not fully understood. This study used RNA-seq, LC-MS/MS, and flow cytometry analyses in a mouse model subjected to chronic social defeat stress to explore the effects of acute and chronic stress on lipid mediators, gene expression, and cell population in the bone marrow and spleen. In the bone marrow, chronic stress induced a sustained transition from lymphoid to myeloid cells, accompanied by corresponding changes in gene expression. This change was associated with decreased levels of 15-deoxy-d12,14-prostaglandin J2, a lipid mediator that inhibits inflammation. In the spleen, chronic stress also induced a lymphoid-to-myeloid transition, albeit transiently, alongside gene expression changes indicative of extramedullary hematopoiesis. These changes were linked to lower levels of 12-HEPE and resolvins, both critical for inhibiting and resolving inflammation. Our findings highlight the significant role of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in the immune responses induced by chronic stress in the bone marrow and spleen. This study paves the way for understanding how these lipid mediators contribute to the immune mechanisms of stress and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Io Horikawa
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nagai
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Taniguchi
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Guowei Chen
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomohide Suzuki
- Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ishii
- Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katayama
- Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shiho Kitaoka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
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6
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Huang YC, Ko PH, Wu LL. Age-dependent effects of acute stress on the behavior, blood parameters, immunity, and enteric nerves of mice. Behav Brain Res 2024; 461:114848. [PMID: 38185382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The impact of stress on mental and digestive health has been extensively studied, with chronic stress being associated with various disorders. However, age-related differences in the response to acute stress, both behaviorally and physiologically, remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model to detect transient stress in mice of different ages. The stressor employed in our experiments was a restraint stress procedure, where mice were subjected to brief periods of immobilization to induce an acute stress response. Male C3H/HeN mice aged 3, 6, 12, and 30 weeks were subjected to acute restrain stress (ARS) by being placed in a 50 ml conical centrifuge tube for 15 min. Subsequently, their behavior, organ tissues, hematological parameters, cortisol concentration, and immune responses were assessed. Following ARS, the increased in time and entries into the center by the 12-week-old mice following stress. In comparison to mice of other ages, those aged 6 weeks demonstrated notable elevations in erythrocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, all of which were influenced by the time-dependent changes and the recovery process of ARS. Blood corticosterone levels were substantially elevated in all age groups after ARS. Furthermore, ARS induced a notable increase in leukocytes, basophils, residential macrophages, and CD4+ T cells in all age groups except for 3-week-old mice. However, the number of monocyte-derived macrophages and CD8+ T cells did not change significantly. Additionally, mice aged 3 and 6 weeks demonstrated an increase in GFAP+ cells following ARS, whereas NeuN+ cells decreased across all ages. These results suggest that ARS has varying effects on the behavior, cortisol concentration, and quantity of blood cells as well as hepatic immune cells in mice of different ages. These age-dependent responses shed light on the complex interplay between stress and physiological systems and contribute to the broader understanding of stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Huang
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hao Ko
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330215, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Health Innovation Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Microbiota Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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7
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Urakov AL, Nikitina IL, Klen EE, Wang Y, Samorodov AV. Prospects for the pharmacological validation of the use of platelets as a “peripheral model” of neurons. REVIEWS ON CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG THERAPY 2024; 21:307-317. [DOI: 10.17816/rcf568907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders often occur in patients with cardiovascular pathologies and are a predictor of the development of thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction, acute ischemic cerebrovascular accident, and pulmonary embolism. These are believed to be caused by the structural and biochemical relationship between platelets and brain neurons, which allows us to consider platelets as a marker of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. This review aimed to assess the relationship between the hemostasis system and the development of depressive disorders using platelets as a “peripheral model” of neurons and evaluate the effectiveness of drugs for the treatment of depression. The study was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases from 2018 to 2023, according to the following keywords: “hemostasis,” “acute cerebrovascular accident,” “depression,” “depressive disorders,” “platelets,” “cardiovascular diseases.” The data obtained indicate both a clinical link between depressive disorders and vascular events and the commonality of platelets and CNS cells because of the commonality of the following proteins: transporters and receptors of serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine, amyloid precursor protein, and brain neurotrophic factor, which were previously considered specific neural proteins. In addition, a relationship exists between hemostasis dynamics and drug therapy for depression. In this review, changes in hemostasis in terms of platelet activation in patients with depression and vascular disease were critically analyzed. The literature presents diverse mechanisms of platelet induction, which require further study. A rational study of the pathways of platelet activation in patients with depressive disorders will provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between hemostasis and depression in various vascular pathologies. Platelet activation in patients with depression and the dynamics of changes in hemostasis parameters during the treatment of depressive disorders allow us to consider hemostasis as a peripheral marker of the CNS and pharmacotherapy.
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Duan L, Xiao R, Liu S, Shi Y, Feng Y. Causality between cognitive performance and cardiovascular disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Gene 2024; 891:147822. [PMID: 37758004 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence points to a connection between cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment. These observational study findings, however, were not all uniform, and some did not discover a link like this. Investigating the causal link between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease is vital. METHOD Using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets and stringent screening instrumental variables, we carried out a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. To investigate the causality between cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment, three different MR techniques-inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median-as well as various sensitivity analyses-Cochran's Q, ivw_radial, leave-one-out (LOO), MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO-were used. RESULTS The causal impact of genetically predicted cognitive performance on hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, coronary atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction was detected in the forward MR analysis, but not stroke or any subtypes. We only discover the causal effects of hypertension, any stroke, and its subtypes (ischemic and small vessel stroke) on cognitive performance in the reverse MR analysis. CONCLUSION This MR analysis offers proof of a causal link between cognitive impairment and elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Our research emphasizes the value of cognitively impaired patients being screened for cardiovascular disease, which may offer fresh perspectives on cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincheng Duan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shupei Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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9
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Pashek RE, Nkambule BB, Chan MV, Thibord F, Lachapelle AR, Cunha J, Chen MH, Johnson AD. Alcohol intake including wine drinking is associated with decreased platelet reactivity in a large population sample. Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:1939-1950. [PMID: 37431613 PMCID: PMC10749750 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is linked to decreased platelet function. Whether this link is dependent on sex or type of beverage remains unclear. METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained from the Framingham Heart Study (N = 3427). Alcohol consumption was assessed by using standardized medical history and Harvard semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Five bioassays measured 120 platelet reactivity traits across agonists in whole-blood and platelet-rich plasma samples. Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, sex and aspirin use, hypertension, body mass index, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, smoking and diabetes evaluated associations between platelet reactivity and alcohol consumption. Beta effects, the regression coefficients that estimate the amount of change in each unit of the predictor variable whereas all other predictor variables remain fixed, for heavy alcohol consumption were compared with effects of aspirin use. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was associated with decreased platelet reactivity, with more associations among wine and liquor compared with beer. Many platelet-alcohol associations in the full sample (86%, P < 0.01) had larger effect sizes in females. Lower light transmission aggregometry adenosine diphosphate (1.82 µM) maximum aggregation (P = 2.6E-3, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.02, β = -0.042) and area under the curve (P = 7.7E-3, 95% CI = -0.07, -0.01, β = -0.039) were associated with white wine consumption; however, red wine had no associations with platelet reactivity. The effect of aspirin use was on average 11.3 (±4.0) times greater than that of heavy drinking in our full sample. CONCLUSIONS We confirm associations between alcohol consumption and decreased platelet reactivity. Effects appeared larger for liquor and wine intake and in our female cohort. Red wine consumption is not associated with lower platelet function, contrasting with prior population studies. Although we report an inhibitory relationship between alcohol intake and platelet function, these effects appear much smaller than that of aspirin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin E Pashek
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Melissa V Chan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Florian Thibord
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Amber R Lachapelle
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jason Cunha
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Framingham, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA
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10
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Lengvenyte A, Belzeaux R, Olié E, Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Sénèque M, Strumila R, Cognasse F, Courtet P. Associations of potential plasma biomarkers with suicide attempt history, current suicidal ideation and subsequent suicidal events in patients with depression: A discovery study. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:242-254. [PMID: 37648005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidences suggests that suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviors have biological bases. However, no biological marker is currently available to evaluate the suicide risk in individuals with SI or suicide attempt (SA). Moreover, the current risk assessment techniques poorly predict future suicidal events. The aim of this study was to examine the association of 39 new and already described peripheral cells and proteins (implicated in the immune system, oxidative stress and plasticity) with lifetime SA, past month SA, current SI, and future suicidal events (visit to the Emergency Department for SI or SA) in 266 treatment-seeking individuals with mood disorders. Equal parts of patients with and without past history of SA were recruited. All individuals at inclusion gave blood, were evaluated for SA recency, current SI, and were followed for two years afterwards. The 39 peripheral blood cellular and protein markers were entered separately for each outcome in Elastic Net models with 10-fold cross-validation, followed by single-analyte covariate-adjusted regression analyses for pre-selected analytes. Past month SA was associated with increased plasma levels of thrombospondin-2 and C-reactive protein, whereas current SI was associated with lower plasma serotonin levels. These associations were robust to adjustments for key covariates and corrections for multiple testing. The Cox proportional hazards regression showed that higher levels of thrombospondin-1 and of platelet-derived growth factor-AB predicted a future suicidal event. These two associations remained after adjustment for sex, age, and SA history, and outperformed the predictive value of past SA. Thrombospondins and platelet-derived growth factors have never been investigated in the context of suicide. Altogether, our results highlight the involvement in the suicidal process of platelet biological response and plasticity modifiers and also of inflammatory factors. They also suggest that SI and SA may have different biological correlates and that biomarkers associated with past SA or current SI do not automatically also predict future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Lengvenyte
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; University Department of Adult Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Fondation Fondamental
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Fondation Fondamental
| | - Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse
- Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Maude Sénèque
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Robertas Strumila
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Saint-Étienne, France; Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Fondation Fondamental
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11
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Rust C, Malan-Muller S, van den Heuvel LL, Tonge D, Seedat S, Pretorius E, Hemmings SMJ. Platelets bridging the gap between gut dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in stress-linked disorders: A narrative review. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 382:578155. [PMID: 37523892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In this narrative review, we examine the association between gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation, and stress-linked disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and investigate whether tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and platelets play a role in this association. The mechanisms underlying the aetiology of stress-linked disorders are complex and not yet completely understood. However, a potential link between chronic inflammation and these disorders may potentially be found in TRP metabolism and platelets. By critically analysing existing literature on platelets, the gut microbiome, and stress-linked disorders, we hope to elicit the role of platelets in mediating the effects on serotonin (5-HT) levels and neuroinflammation. We have included studies specifically investigating platelets and TRP metabolism in relation to inflammation, neuroinflammation and neuropsychiatric disorders. Alteration in microbial composition due to stress could contribute to increased intestinal permeability, facilitating the translocation of microbial products, and triggering the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This causes platelets to become hyperactive and secrete 5-HT into the plasma. Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines may also lead to increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allowing inflammatory mediators entry into the brain, affecting the balance of TRP metabolism products, such as 5-HT, kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN). These alterations may contribute to neuroinflammation and possible neurological damage. Furthermore, platelets can cross the compromised BBB and interact with astrocytes and neurons, leading to the secretion of 5-HT and pro-inflammatory factors, exacerbating inflammatory conditions in the brain. The mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation resulting from peripheral inflammation are still unclear, but the connection between the brain and gut through the bloodstream could be significant. Identifying peripheral biomarkers and mechanisms in the plasma that reflect neuroinflammation may be important. This review serves as a foundation for further research on the association between the gut microbiome, blood microbiome, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The integration of these findings with protein and metabolite markers in the blood may expand our understanding of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlien Rust
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Stefanie Malan-Muller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Neurochemistry Research Institute UCM, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leigh L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniel Tonge
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Newcastle, England, UK
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
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12
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Lengvenyte A, Strumila R, Belzeaux R, Aouizerate B, Dubertret C, Haffen E, Llorca PM, Roux P, Polosan M, Schwan R, Walter M, D'Amato T, Januel D, Leboyer M, Bellivier F, Etain B, Navickas A, Olié E, Courtet P. Associations of white blood cell and platelet counts with specific depressive symptom dimensions in patients with bipolar disorder: Analysis of data from the FACE-BD cohort. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:176-187. [PMID: 36494046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidences suggest that inflammation is increased in a subgroup of patients with depression. Moreover, increased peripheral inflammatory markers (cells and proteins) are associated with some, but not all depressive symptoms. On the other hand, similar studies on bipolar disorders mainly focused on blood cytokines. Here, we analysed data from a large (N = 3440), well-characterized cohort of individuals with bipolar disorder using Kendall partial rank correlation, multivariate linear regression, and network analyses to determine whether peripheral blood cell counts are associated with depression severity, its symptoms, and dimensions. Based on the self-reported 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology questionnaire scores, we preselected symptom dimensions based on literature and data-driven principal component analysis. We found that the counts of all blood cell types were only marginally associated with depression severity. Conversely, white blood cell count was significantly associated with the sickness dimension and its four components (anhedonia, slowing down, fatigue, and appetite loss). Platelet count was associated with the insomnia/restlessness dimension and its components (initial, middle, late insomnia and restlessness). Principal component analyses corroborated these results. Platelet count was also associated with suicidal ideation. In analyses stratified by sex, the white blood cell count-sickness dimension association remained significant only in men, and the platelet count-insomnia/restlessness dimension association only in women. Without implying causation, these results suggest that peripheral blood cell counts might be associated with different depressive symptoms in individuals with bipolar disorder, and that white blood cells might be implicated in sickness symptoms and platelets in insomnia/agitation and suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Lengvenyte
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Fondation FondaMental, France.
| | - Robertas Strumila
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Fondation FondaMental, France; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289, CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Aouizerate
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire NutriNeuro (UMR INRA 1286), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Dubertret
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France; Université de Paris, Inserm UMR1266, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, CIC-1431 INSERM, CHU de Besançon, Laboratoire de Neurosciences, UFC, UBFC, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Llorca
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Département de Psychiatrie, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, EA 7280 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Paul Roux
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CESP UMR1018, DevPsy-DisAP, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale, 78157 Le Chesnay, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Raymund Schwan
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Université de Lorraine, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Inserm U1254, Nancy, France
| | - Michel Walter
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie Générale et de Réhabilitation Psycho Sociale 29G01 et 29G02, CHRU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Brest, France
| | - Thierry D'Amato
- Fondation FondaMental, France; University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Psychiatric Disorders: From Resistance to Response Team, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Januel
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville-Evrard, 93332 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Translational NeuroPsychiatry Laboratory, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Département Médico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie (DMU IMPACT), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT), Créteil, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Fondation FondaMental, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire AP-HP Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S 1144, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie OTeN, Paris, France
| | - Alvydas Navickas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Fondation FondaMental, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Fondation FondaMental, France
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13
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Helman TJ, Headrick JP, Stapelberg NJC, Braidy N. The sex-dependent response to psychosocial stress and ischaemic heart disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1072042. [PMID: 37153459 PMCID: PMC10160413 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1072042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is an important risk factor for modern chronic diseases, with distinct influences in males and females. The sex specificity of the mammalian stress response contributes to the sex-dependent development and impacts of coronary artery disease (CAD). Compared to men, women appear to have greater susceptibility to chronic forms of psychosocial stress, extending beyond an increased incidence of mood disorders to include a 2- to 4-fold higher risk of stress-dependent myocardial infarction in women, and up to 10-fold higher risk of Takotsubo syndrome-a stress-dependent coronary-myocardial disorder most prevalent in post-menopausal women. Sex differences arise at all levels of the stress response: from initial perception of stress to behavioural, cognitive, and affective responses and longer-term disease outcomes. These fundamental differences involve interactions between chromosomal and gonadal determinants, (mal)adaptive epigenetic modulation across the lifespan (particularly in early life), and the extrinsic influences of socio-cultural, economic, and environmental factors. Pre-clinical investigations of biological mechanisms support distinct early life programming and a heightened corticolimbic-noradrenaline-neuroinflammatory reactivity in females vs. males, among implicated determinants of the chronic stress response. Unravelling the intrinsic molecular, cellular and systems biological basis of these differences, and their interactions with external lifestyle/socio-cultural determinants, can guide preventative and therapeutic strategies to better target coronary heart disease in a tailored sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J. Helman
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, NSW, Sydney, Australia
- Correspondence: Tessa J. Helman
| | - John P. Headrick
- Schoolof Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, NSW, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Abstract
Depression is a well-known risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of depression in patients with cardiovascular diseases has been reported to be approximately 20 %. A two-step depression screening protocol using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is recommended for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases and depression share a common pathology, including increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and inflammation. Psychosocial and environmental factors are also associated with depression and cardiovascular outcomes. Randomized controlled trials of antidepressant treatment for patients with depression and cardiovascular diseases have shown no advantage regarding cardiovascular outcomes. However, improvement in depressive symptoms, regardless of the method, may lead to a reduction in subsequent cardiovascular events. A collaborative approach between cardiologists and psychiatrists is recommended to manage depression in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Future research should identify more specific targets for treating patients with cardiovascular diseases, involve collaboration with professionals across fields, and establish community support systems.
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15
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Castell N, Guerrero-Martin SM, Rubin LH, Shirk EN, Brockhurst JK, Lyons CE, Najarro KM, Queen SE, Carlson BW, Adams RJ, Morrell CN, Gama L, Graham DR, Zink C, Mankowski JL, Clements JE, Metcalf Pate KA. Effect of Single Housing on Innate Immune Activation in Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pigtail Macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ) as a Model of Psychosocial Stress in Acute HIV Infection. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:966-975. [PMID: 36162063 PMCID: PMC9553260 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of macaques recapitulates many aspects of HIV pathogenesis and is similarly affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Psychosocial stress is associated with immune system dysregulation and worse clinical outcomes in people with HIV. This study assessed the impact of single housing, as a model of psychosocial stress, on innate immune responses of pigtailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ) during acute SIV infection. METHODS A retrospective analysis of acute SIV infection of 2- to si6-year-old male pigtailed macaques was performed to compare the innate immune responses of socially ( n = 41) and singly ( n = 35) housed animals. Measures included absolute monocyte count and subsets, and in a subset ( n ≤ 18) platelet counts and activation data. RESULTS SIV infection resulted in the expected innate immune parameter changes with a modulating effect from housing condition. Monocyte number increased after infection for both groups, driven by classical monocytes (CD14 + CD16 - ), with a greater increase in socially housed animals (227%, p < .001, by day 14 compared with preinoculation time points). Platelet numbers recovered more quickly in the socially housed animals. Platelet activation (P-selectin) increased by 65% ( p = .004) and major histocompatibility complex class I surface expression by 40% ( p = .009) from preinoculation only in socially housed animals, whereas no change in these measures occurred in singly housed animals. CONCLUSIONS Chronic psychosocial stress produced by single housing may play an immunomodulatory role in the innate immune response to acute retroviral infection. Dysregulated innate immunity could be one of the pathways by which psychosocial stress contributes to immune suppression and increased disease severity in people with HIV.
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16
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Flow cytometry based platelet activation markers and state of inflammation among subjects with type 2 diabetes with and without depression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10039. [PMID: 35710773 PMCID: PMC9203543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are highly disabling disorders associated with a multitude of vascular complications. Platelets are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in both T2DM and MDD. These complications could increase in patients with comorbid diabetes and depression. To quantify and compare flow cytometry based platelet activation markers and the inflammatory state between individuals of diabetes with depression, individuals of diabetes without depression and healthy controls. Out of 114 participants, each study group contained 38 participants in diabetic group, diabetics with depression group and matched control group. Diabetes was diagnosed with the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. Screening of MDD was done with Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ2) and severity of depression assessed with Hamilton Depression Rating (HAM-D) scale. Platelet markers CD41, CD42b, CD62P and CD63 were assayed using flow cytometer. Platelet count, surface expression of platelet activation markers CD62P and CD63, hs-CRP, insulin and HOMA-IR score differed significantly between the groups. Post hoc analysis showed significantly high CD63 expression in patients with comorbid diabetes and depression compared to those having diabetes without depression. Patients with comorbid diabetes and depression have enhanced platelet hyperactivation and a pro inflammatory state which increases susceptibility to vascular complications.
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17
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Levine GN. Psychological Stress and Heart Disease: Fact or Folklore? Am J Med 2022; 135:688-696. [PMID: 35278355 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
For at least a few centuries, if not millennia, psychological stress has been popularly believed to contribute to heart disease. Does psychological stress really contribute to heart disease? Are anecdotal, patient, and lay press reports that angina, heart attack, and even cardiac death are caused by stress based on fact, or are they just folklore? In this review, the study data supporting associations between stress and cardiovascular risk, as well as potential mechanisms by which psychological stress might contribute to heart disease and precipitate myocardial ischemia and infarction, are critically reviewed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn N Levine
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Cardiology Section, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.
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18
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Gao Y, Hu R, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ma J. Perceived stress in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051419. [PMID: 35361637 PMCID: PMC8971805 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that chronic stress is closely linked to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease. To date, few studies have focused on perceived stress in coronary heart diseases (CHD) patients and the possible factors influencing the stress. This study aims to investigate the perceived stress of patients with CHD and determine the individual attributes closely associated with it. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPATES A total of 2215 patients with CHD were enrolled and perceived stress was assessed with the Chinese version Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS). Participants were divided into two groups due to CPSS score and binary logistic regression was applied to analyse the factors that affected perceived stress level. RESULTS The mean CPSS score of Chinese patients with CHD was 27.16±6.35 Compared with participants who received senior middle school education or below, those with a university degree had a higher probability of high perceived stress (OR 1.453, 95% CI 1.206 to 1.750); this difference was more evident in participants with a master or doctoral degree (OR 1.928, 95% CI 1.290 to 2.882). Also engaging in mental labour (OR 1.389, 95% CI 1.144 to 1.686), having children (OR 2.226, 95% CI 1.098 to 4.515) and having a habit of risky alcohol consumption (OR 1.492, 95% CI 1.146 to 1.944) were associated with perceived stress. CONCLUSION Patients who had higher educational attainment, engaged in mental labour, had children, and had a habit of risky alcohol consumption were much easier to perceive the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Gao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyue Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Yuan
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Senior Department of Cardiology, the Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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19
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Hinterdobler J, Schunkert H, Kessler T, Sager HB. Impact of Acute and Chronic Psychosocial Stress on Vascular Inflammation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1531-1550. [PMID: 34293932 PMCID: PMC8713271 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Atherosclerosis and its complications, such as acute coronary syndromes, are the leading causes of death worldwide. A wide range of inflammatory processes substantially contribute to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition, epidemiological studies strongly associate both chronic stress and acute psychosocial stress with the occurrence of CVDs. Recent Advances: Extensive research during recent decades has not only identified major pathways in cardiovascular inflammation but also revealed a link between psychosocial factors and the immune system in the context of atherosclerosis. Both chronic and acute psychosocial stress drive systemic inflammation via neuroimmune interactions and promote atherosclerosis progression. Critical Issues: The associations human epidemiological studies found between psychosocial stress and cardiovascular inflammation have been substantiated by additional experimental studies in mice and humans. However, we do not yet fully understand the mechanisms through which psychosocial stress drives cardiovascular inflammation; consequently, specific treatment, although urgently needed, is lacking. Future Directions: Psychosocial factors are increasingly acknowledged as risk factors for CVD and are currently treated via behavioral interventions. Additional mechanistic insights might provide novel pharmacological treatment options to reduce stress-related morbidity and mortality. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1531-1550.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hinterdobler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B. Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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20
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Luo X, Zhou Z, Wu J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Li J. Integrated RNA- and miRNA-sequencing analysis identifies molecular basis for stress-induced heart injury in mouse models. Int J Cardiol 2021; 349:115-122. [PMID: 34883141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work stress and its contribution to cardiovascular diseases are well documented in recent years, but its molecular mechanisms are still not clear. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of stress-induced heart injury in mouse models. METHODS The RNA- and miRNA- sequencing profiles from five stress-treated mice and five control mice were performed. After normalization, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEmiRs) were identified using the edgeR method. Then, based on the functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, as well as miRNA-mRNA interactome, the core DEGs and DEmiRs associated with stress-induced heart injury were marked and validated by qPCR, and the DEmiR targets were validated in vitro. RESULTS A total of 293 genes and 29 miRNAs were identified as DEGs and DEmiRs respectively, and Alb, Stat1, C3, Irf7, Usp18 were hub genes in the PPI network. The enrichment pathways were related to inflammation and immune, coagulation, oxidative phosphorylation, vascular development, cell cycle and extracellular matrix (ECM), which likely mediated the biological injury processes or reflected the results of damage. The target DEGs of DEmiRs were clustered in angiogenesis, immune system process and ECM. After the validation in vitro, we found that miR-29b-3p mimics could down-regulate the expression of its predicted targets, Pxdn and Col15a1. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed a molecular basis from the gene and miRNA level for the heart injury associated with stress. miR-29b-3p, as a potential target to repair stress-induced ECM disorder in heart, deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Luo
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhitong Zhou
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jue Li
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Hüfner K, Giesinger JM, Gostner JM, Egeter J, Koudouovoh-Tripp P, Vill T, Fuchs D, Sperner-Unterweger B. Neurotransmitter Precursor Amino Acid Ratios Show Differential, Inverse Correlations with Depression Severity in the Low and High Depression Score Range. Int J Tryptophan Res 2021; 14:11786469211039220. [PMID: 34483668 PMCID: PMC8414612 DOI: 10.1177/11786469211039220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory capacity of mental stress is one of the basic concepts of
psychoneuroimmunology. The current prospective longitudinal study was designed
to evaluate the effect of acute mental stress on neurotransmitter precursor
amino acid levels in individuals with depression at 2 time points. Ten
physically healthy patients with a diagnosis of major depressive episode and
Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores (MADRAS) ⩾20 points at
inclusion were assessed on 2 study days (once with higher MADRAS scores, once
with lower MADRAS scores; median 34.5 days apart) and subjected to a
standardized acute mental stress test on each study day. Blood was collected at
4 time points: once prior to and at 3 time points (0, 30 minutes, 60 minutes)
following mental stress. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acid levels, that is
kynurenine/tryptophan (KYN/TRP) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (PHE/TYR), as well as
neopterin and nitrite were analyzed in a total of 80 individual blood samples.
Regression and correlation analyses were performed. Regression analyses of
PHE/TYR (R2 = .547) and KYN/TRP
(R2 = .440) in relation to MADRAS depression
severity showed a quadratic curve fit. This was reflected by a negative linear
correlation between MADRAS scores and PHE/TYR as well as KYN/TRP in the lower
score range (r = −.805, P < .001 and
r = −.586, P < .001 respectively) and a
positive correlation in the higher MADRAS score range
(r = .713, P < .001 and
r = .379, P = .016 respectively). No effect of
acute mental stress was found. This analysis exemplifies the implications of
sampling as well as data distributions on results. The crosstalk of biological
mechanisms that orchestrate metabolic and immunological signaling may vary
depending on depression severity resulting in non-linear associations that may
explain the heterogeneity of results found in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüfner
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
- Katharina Hüfner, University Clinic for
Psychiatry II, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics,
Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - Johannes M Giesinger
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna M Gostner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry,
Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jonas Egeter
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pia Koudouovoh-Tripp
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
- Division of Psychiatry and
Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Hospital St. Vinzenz Zams, Austria
| | - Theresa Vill
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Institute of Biological Chemistry,
Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- University Clinic for Psychiatry II,
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of
Innsbruck, Austria
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22
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Aslan JE. Platelet Proteomes, Pathways, and Phenotypes as Informants of Vascular Wellness and Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:999-1011. [PMID: 33441027 PMCID: PMC7980774 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets rapidly undergo responsive transitions in form and function to repair vascular endothelium and mediate hemostasis. In contrast, heterogeneous platelet subpopulations with a range of primed or refractory phenotypes gradually arise in chronic inflammatory and other conditions in a manner that may indicate or support disease. Qualitatively distinguishable platelet phenotypes are increasingly associated with a variety of physiological and pathological circumstances; however, the origins and significance of platelet phenotypic variation remain unclear and conceptually vague. As changes in platelet function in disease exhibit many similarities to platelets following the activation of platelet agonist receptors, the intracellular responses of platelets common to hemostasis and inflammation may provide insights to the molecular basis of platelet phenotype. Here, we review concepts around how protein-level relations-from platelet receptors through intracellular signaling events-may help to define platelet phenotypes in inflammation, immune responses, aging, and other conditions. We further discuss how representing systems-wide platelet proteomics data profiles as circuit-like networks of causally related intracellular events, or, pathway maps, may inform molecular definitions of platelet phenotype. In addition to offering insights into platelets as druggable targets, maps of causally arranged intracellular relations underlying platelet function can also advance precision and interceptive medicine efforts by leveraging platelets as accessible, dynamic, endogenous, circulating biomarkers of vascular wellness and disease. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Aslan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry and School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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23
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Beyond Haemostasis and Thrombosis: Platelets in Depression and Its Co-Morbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228817. [PMID: 33233416 PMCID: PMC7700239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alongside their function in primary haemostasis and thrombo-inflammation, platelets are increasingly considered a bridge between mental, immunological and coagulation-related disorders. This review focuses on the link between platelets and the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its most frequent comorbidities. Platelet- and neuron-shared proteins involved in MDD are functionally described. Platelet-related studies performed in the context of MDD, cardiovascular disease, and major neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are transversally presented from an epidemiological, genetic and functional point of view. To provide a complete scenario, we report the analysis of original data on the epidemiological link between platelets and depression symptoms suggesting moderating and interactive effects of sex on this association. Epidemiological and genetic studies discussed suggest that blood platelets might also be relevant biomarkers of MDD prediction and occurrence in the context of MDD comorbidities. Finally, this review has the ambition to formulate some directives and perspectives for future research on this topic.
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24
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Sandrini L, Ieraci A, Amadio P, Zarà M, Barbieri SS. Impact of Acute and Chronic Stress on Thrombosis in Healthy Individuals and Cardiovascular Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217818. [PMID: 33105629 PMCID: PMC7659944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress induces different alterations in the organism in order to maintain homeostasis, including changes in hematopoiesis and hemostasis. In particular, stress-induced hyper activation of the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis can trigger cellular and molecular alterations in platelets, coagulation factors, endothelial function, redox balance, and sterile inflammatory response. For this reason, mental stress is reported to enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, contrasting results are often found in the literature considering differences in the response to acute or chronic stress and the health condition of the population analyzed. Since thrombosis is the most common underlying pathology of CVDs, the comprehension of the mechanisms at the basis of the association between stress and this pathology is highly valuable. The aim of this work is to give a comprehensive review of the studies focused on the role of acute and chronic stress in both healthy individuals and CVD patients, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Sandrini
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (S.S.B.); Tel.: +39-02-58002021 (L.S. & S.S.B.)
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Amadio
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marta Zarà
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (M.Z.)
| | - Silvia Stella Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (P.A.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (S.S.B.); Tel.: +39-02-58002021 (L.S. & S.S.B.)
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