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Naito E, Igawa K, Takada S, Haga K, Yortchan W, Suebsamarn O, Kobayashi R, Yamazaki M, Tanuma JI, Hamano T, Shimokawa T, Tomihara K, Izumi K. The effects of carbon-ion beam irradiation on three-dimensional in vitro models of normal oral mucosa and oral cancer: development of a novel tool to evaluate cancer therapy. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00958-4. [PMID: 39110152 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Given that the original tumor microenvironment of oral cancer cannot be reproduced, predicting the therapeutic effects of irradiation using monolayer cultures and animal models of ectopic tumors is challenging. Unique properties of carbon-ion irradiation (CIR) characterized by the Bragg peak exert therapeutic effects on tumors and prevent adverse events in surrounding normal tissues. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The biological effects of CIR were evaluated on three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models of normal oral mucosa (NOMM) and oral cancer (OCM3 and OCM4) consisting of HSC-3 and HSC-4 cells. A single 10- or 20-Gy dose of CIR was delivered to NOMM, OCM3, and OCM4 models. Histopathological and histomorphometric analyses and labeling indices for Ki-67, γH2AX, and TUNEL were examined after CIR. The concentrations of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) were measured. NOMM exhibited epithelial thinning after CIR, which could be caused by the decreased presence of Ki-67-labeled basal cells. The relative proportion of the thickness of cancer cells to the underlying stroma in cancer models decreased after CIR. This finding appeared to be supported by changes in the three labeling indices, indicating CIR-induced cancer cell death, mostly via apoptosis. Furthermore, the three indices and the HMGB1 release levels significantly differed among the OCM4 that received different doses and with different incubation times after CIR while those of the OCM3 models did not, suggesting more radiosensitivity in the OCM4. The three 3D in vitro models can be a feasible and novel tool to elucidate radiation biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Naito
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Igawa
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Sho Takada
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kenta Haga
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Witsanu Yortchan
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Orakarn Suebsamarn
- Children's Oral Health Department, Institute of Dentistry, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 3000, Thailand
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tanuma
- Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamano
- Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimokawa
- Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Tomihara
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan.
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Kobayashi E, Ling Y, Kobayashi R, Hoshikawa E, Itai E, Sakata O, Okuda S, Naru E, Izumi K. Development of a lip vermilion epithelium reconstruction model using keratinocytes from skin and oral mucosa. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:349-359. [PMID: 37302086 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lip vermilion is unique and can be distinguished from the adjacent skin and oral mucosa. However, because of the lack of appropriate evaluation tools, skin and/or oral mucosa substitutes such as in vitro vermilion epithelial models have been used for lip product testing. We aimed to develop and characterize a lip vermilion epithelium reconstruction model (LVERM) using skin and oral keratinocytes. LVERM was manufactured by co-culturing primary skin and oral keratinocytes, using a device that allowed the separation of cell seeding, and created an intercalated cell-free zone, referred to as the vermilion part. After removing the device, LVERM construction was completed in 8 days, in a submerged condition. Subsequently, they were placed in an air-liquid interface for 7 days. To determine the epithelial characteristics of LVERM, keratin 2e (KRT2) and small proline-rich protein 3 (SPRR3) expression patterns were examined. The in vivo expression profiles of KRT2 and SPRR3 genes in vermilion were also examined. We found that a continuous multi-layered epithelium was generated in the LVERM that exhibited ortho- and para-keratinization in the skin and oral mucosa parts, respectively. Although an intermediate keratinization pattern was observed in the vermilion part, KRT2 and SPRR3 were co-expressed in the suprabasal layer, consistent with the expression pattern of a single vermilion epithelial model. Clustering analysis revealed that KRT2 and SPRR3 gene expression in vermilion was location-dependent within the sample. Therefore, LVERM can be used as an evaluation tool for lip products and has great importance in innovative approaches for cosmetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kobayashi
- Research Laboratories, KOSÉ Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Emi Hoshikawa
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eriko Itai
- Research Laboratories, KOSÉ Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Sakata
- Research Laboratories, KOSÉ Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eiji Naru
- Research Laboratories, KOSÉ Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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The Bigger Picture: Why Oral Mucosa Heals Better Than Skin. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081165. [PMID: 34439831 PMCID: PMC8394648 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an essential process to restore tissue integrity after trauma. Large skin wounds such as burns often heal with hypertrophic scarring and contractures, resulting in disfigurements and reduced joint mobility. Such adverse healing outcomes are less common in the oral mucosa, which generally heals faster compared to skin. Several studies have identified differences between oral and skin wound healing. Most of these studies however focus only on a single stage of wound healing or a single cell type. The aim of this review is to provide an extensive overview of wound healing in skin versus oral mucosa during all stages of wound healing and including all cell types and molecules involved in the process and also taking into account environmental specific factors such as exposure to saliva and the microbiome. Next to intrinsic properties of resident cells and differential expression of cytokines and growth factors, multiple external factors have been identified that contribute to oral wound healing. It can be concluded that faster wound closure, the presence of saliva, a more rapid immune response, and increased extracellular matrix remodeling all contribute to the superior wound healing and reduced scar formation in oral mucosa, compared to skin.
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Shiroma ME, Damous LL, Cotrim FP, Roa CL, Cipolla-Neto J, Reiter RJ, Baracat EC, Soares JM. Pretreatment with melatonin improves ovarian tissue cryopreservation for transplantation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:17. [PMID: 33536029 PMCID: PMC7856714 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions at the mitochondrial level. This indole-containing molecule may protect ovarian grafts during the process of cryopreservation. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether melatonin pretreatment improves rat ovarian graft quality. METHODS Twenty-six female rats were allocated to two study groups of thirteen animals each: 1) control group: ovaries cryopreserved using the standard protocol; and 2) melatonin group: ovaries cryopreserved in a medium with melatonin. Ten rats of each group were submitted to 24-h freezing, and whole ovaries autologous and avascular transplantation with retroperitoneal placement. After postoperative (PO) day 15, daily vaginal smears were obtained for estrous cycle characterization. Between PO days 30 and 35, the animals were euthanized and ovarian grafts were recovered for histological and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, cleaved caspase-3, TUNEL, von Willebrand factor, estrogen, and progesterone receptors) analyses. The ovaries of the three remaining rats from each group were studied immediately after thawing to assess the effects of cryopreservation. ANOVA and Tukey's tests were used and the rejection level of the null hypothesis was set at 0.05 or 5% (p < 0.05). RESULTS Melatonin promoted faster restart of the estrous cycle and increased the expression of mature follicles, collagen type I, von Willebrand factor, Ki-67, and cleaved caspase-3 on corpora lutea and estrogen receptors in the ovaries as compared to control. There was a reduction in apoptosis by TUNEL on follicles, corpora lutea, and collagen type III. CONCLUSION Based on the evaluated parameters, melatonin may promote the quality of ovarian grafts. Reproductive function enhancement should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Eiji Shiroma
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Lamarão Damous
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pereira Cotrim
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lima Roa
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas ICB, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374 - Butantã, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Russel Joseph Reiter
- University of Texas, Health Sciences Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246-903, Brazil
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