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Chowdhury RR, Rose S, Ezan F, Sovadinová I, Babica P, Langouët S. Hepatotoxicity of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR in human: Insights into mechanisms of action in the 3D culture model Hepoid-HepaRG. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123047. [PMID: 38036087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin produced by harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs). MC-LR targets highly differentiated hepatocytes expressing organic anion transporting polypeptides OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 that are responsible for hepatocellular uptake of the toxin. The present study utilized an advanced 3D in vitro human liver model Hepoid-HepaRG based on the cultivation of collagen-matrix embedded multicellular spheroids composed of highly differentiated and polarized hepatocyte-like cells. 14-d-old Hepoid-HepaRG cultures showed increased expression of OATP1B1/1B3 and sensitivity to MC-LR cytotoxicity at concentrations >10 nM (48 h exposure, EC20 = 26 nM). MC-LR induced neither caspase 3/7 activity nor expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker gene BiP/GRP78, but increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8, indicating a necrotic type of cell death. Subcytotoxic (10 nM) and cytotoxic (≥100 nM) MC-LR concentrations disrupted hepatocyte functions, such as xenobiotic metabolism phase-I enzyme activities (cytochrome P450 1A/1B) and albumin secretion, along with reduced expression of CYP1A2 and ALB genes. MC-LR also decreased expression of HNF4A gene, a critical regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and function. Genes encoding hepatobiliary membrane transporters (OATP1B1, BSEP, NTCP), hepatocyte gap junctional gene connexin 32 and the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin were also downregulated. Simultaneous upregulation of connexin 43 gene, primarily expressed by liver progenitor and non-parenchymal cells, indicated a disruption of tissue homeostasis. This was associated with a shift in the expression ratio of E-cadherin to N-cadherin towards the mesenchymal cell marker, a process linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hepatocarcinogenesis. The effects observed in the human liver cell in vitro model revealed mechanisms that can potentially contribute to the MC-LR-induced promotion and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepoid-HepaRG cultures provide a robust, accessible and versatile in vitro model, capable of sensitively detecting hepatotoxic effects at toxicologically relevant concentrations, allowing for assessing hepatotoxicity mechanisms, human health hazards and impacts of environmental hepatotoxins, such as MC-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riju R Chowdhury
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Rose
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Ezan
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Babica
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kotlářská 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Langouët
- University of Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France.
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Ferraguti G, Terracina S, Tarani L, Fanfarillo F, Allushi S, Caronti B, Tirassa P, Polimeni A, Lucarelli M, Cavalcanti L, Greco A, Fiore M. Nerve Growth Factor and the Role of Inflammation in Tumor Development. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:965-989. [PMID: 38392180 PMCID: PMC10888178 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a dual role both in inflammatory states and cancer, acting both as a pro-inflammatory and oncogenic factor and as an anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic mediator in a context-dependent way based on the signaling networks and its interaction with diverse cellular components within the microenvironment. This report aims to provide a summary and subsequent review of the literature on the role of NGF in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and tumor cell growth, survival, and death. The role of NGF in inflammation and tumorigenesis as a component of the inflammatory system, its interaction with the various components of the respective microenvironments, its ability to cause epigenetic changes, and its role in the treatment of cancer have been highlighted in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Ferraguti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Terracina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fanfarillo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Allushi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Brunella Caronti
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University Hospital of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Tirassa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cavalcanti
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Giannone F, Slovic N, Pessaux P, Schuster C, Baumert TF, Lupberger J. Inflammation-related prognostic markers in resected hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1267870. [PMID: 38144522 PMCID: PMC10746354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1267870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is usually detected late and therapeutic options are unsatisfactory. Despite marked progress in patient care, HCC remains among the deadliest cancers world-wide. While surgical resection remains a key option for early-stage HCC, the 5-year survival rates after surgical resection are limited. One reason for limited outcomes is the lack of reliable prognostic biomarkers to predict HCC recurrence. HCC prognosis has been shown to correlate with different systemic and pathological markers which are associated with patient survival and HCC recurrence. Liver inflammatory processes offer a large variety of systemic and pathological markers which may be exploited to improve the reliability of prognosis and decision making of liver surgeons and hepatologists. The following review aims to dissect the potential tools, targets and prognostic meaning of inflammatory markers in patients with resectable HCC. We analyze changes in circulant cellular populations and assess inflammatory biomarkers as a surrogate of impaired outcomes and provide an overview on predictive gene expression signatures including inflammatory transcriptional patterns, which are representative of poor survival in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Giannone
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
- Unité de Chirurgie Hépato-Biliaire et Pancréatique, Service de Chirurgie Viscérale and Digestive, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nevena Slovic
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Pessaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
- Unité de Chirurgie Hépato-Biliaire et Pancréatique, Service de Chirurgie Viscérale and Digestive, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Schuster
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU), Strasbourg, France
- Service d’hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)_S1110, Strasbourg, France
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Yin X, Li YS, Ye SZ, Zhang T, Zhang YW, Xi Y, Tang HB. Promotion Effect of Coexposure to a High-Fat Diet and Nano-Diethylnitrosamine on the Progression of Fatty Liver Malignant Transformation into Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14162. [PMID: 37762463 PMCID: PMC10531889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of high-fat foods increases the risk of fatty liver disease (FLD) and liver cancer with long pathogenic cycles. It is also known that the intake of the chemical poison nitrosamine and its nanopreparations can promote the development of liver injuries, such as FLD, and hepatic fibrosis, and significantly shorten the formation time of the liver cancer cycle. The present work confirmed that the coexposure of a high-fat diet (HFD) and nano-diethylnitrosamine (nano-DEN) altered the tumor microenvironment and studied the effect of this coexposure on the progression of fatty liver malignant transformation into liver cancer. Gene transcriptomics and immunostaining were used to evaluate the tumor promotion effect of the coexposure in mice. After coexposure treatment, tumor nodules were obviously increased, and inflammation levels were elevated. The liver transcriptomics analysis showed that the expression levels of inflammatory, fatty, and fibrosis-related factors in the coexposed group were increased in comparison with the nano-DEN- and high-fat-alone groups. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) results showed that coexposure aggravated the high expression of genes related to the carcinomatous pathway and accelerated the formation of the tumor microenvironment. The immunohistochemical staining results showed that the coexposure significantly increased the abnormal changes in proteins related to inflammation, proliferation, aging, and hypoxia in mouse liver tissues. The coexposure of high fat and nano-DEN aggravated the process of steatosis and carcinogenesis. In conclusion, the habitual consumption of pickled foods containing nitrosamines in a daily HFD significantly increases the risk of liver pathology lesions progressing from FLD to liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Y.); (Y.-S.L.); (T.Z.); (Y.-W.Z.)
| | - Yu-Sang Li
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Y.); (Y.-S.L.); (T.Z.); (Y.-W.Z.)
| | - Sha-Zhou Ye
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Ting Zhang
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Y.); (Y.-S.L.); (T.Z.); (Y.-W.Z.)
| | - Yi-Wen Zhang
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Y.); (Y.-S.L.); (T.Z.); (Y.-W.Z.)
| | - Yang Xi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - He-Bin Tang
- Lab of Hepatopharmacology and Ethnopharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Y.); (Y.-S.L.); (T.Z.); (Y.-W.Z.)
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Luo D, Chen XP, Dai Y, Kuang F, Kang MJ, Li B, Su S. Cholecystectomy and risk of liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 million individuals. Int J Surg 2023; 109:1420-1429. [PMID: 36999804 PMCID: PMC10389609 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still a lack of knowledge on the association between cholecystectomy and liver disease. This study was conducted to summarize the available evidence on the association of cholecystectomy with liver disease and quantify the magnitude of the risk of liver disease after cholecystectomy. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched systematically from database inception to January 2023 to identify eligible studies that evaluated the association between cholecystectomy and the risk of liver disease. Meta-analysis was conducted to obtain a summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model. RESULTS We identified 20 studies with a total of 27 320 709 individuals and 282 670 liver disease cases. Cholecystectomy was associated with an increased risk of liver disease (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.34-1.98). In particular, cholecystectomy was found to be significantly associated with a 54% increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.18-2.01), a 173% increased risk of cirrhosis (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.81-4.12), and a 46% increased risk of primary liver cancer (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.18-1.82). CONCLUSIONS There is an association between cholecystectomy and the risk of liver disease. Our results suggest that strict surgical indications should be implemented to reduce unnecessary cholecystectomy. Additionally, the routine assessment of liver disease is necessary for patients with a history of cholecystectomy. More prospective large-sample studies are required for better estimates of the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Luo
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery)
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan
| | - Xin-Pei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People’s Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Xiangyang, Xiangyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Kuang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mao-Ji Kang
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery)
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery)
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan
| | - Song Su
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery)
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Metabolic Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan
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Ma C, Cao Y, Zhang G, Qiu J, Zhou Y, Wang P, Wang S, Yan D, Ma D, Jiang C, Wang Z. Novel Nomograms Based on Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Hepatectomy. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:217-230. [PMID: 36798739 PMCID: PMC9925392 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s391755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prediction of prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is of great significance in improving disease outcome and optimizing clinical management, while reliable prognostic indicators are lacking. This study was conducted to develop readily-to-use nomograms for prognosis prediction of HCC after hepatectomy. Materials and Methods Data of eligible patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Independent prognostic factors were identified by Cox regression, and nomograms for the prediction of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were developed. The performance of the nomograms was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, C-indexes and calibration curves and was verified by the validation cohort. The predictive value of the nomograms was also compared with the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) and the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging systems. Results In total, 599 patients were enrolled in the analysis: 420 in the training cohort and 179 in the validation cohort. The optimal cut-off value of Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (GLR) was 19.5. GLR contributed significantly to the nomograms with good predictive power. In ROC analyses, the areas under curve (AUCs) of the nomograms for 1-, 3- and 5-year DFS and OS prediction were 0.758, 0.756, 0.734 and 0.810, 0.799, 0.758, respectively. The C-indexes of the DFS nomogram were 0.697 (95% CI 0.665-0.729) in the training cohort and 0.710 (95% CI 0.664-0.756) in the validation cohort. For OS prediction, the C-indexes were 0.741 (95% CI 0.704-0.778) and 0.758 (95% CI 0.705-0.811) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curves demonstrated satisfactory agreement between nomogram predictions and actual observations. The nomograms demonstrated superior predictive performance to the TNM and the BCLC staging systems. Conclusion Our novel nomograms showed adequate performance in the prediction of HCC prognosis after hepatectomy, which may facilitate the risk stratification and individualized management of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Tissue Engineering, Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhongxia Wang; Chunping Jiang, Email ;
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7
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Wang X, He Q, Zhou C, Xu Y, Liu D, Fujiwara N, Kubota N, Click A, Henderson P, Vancil J, Marquez CA, Gunasekaran G, Schwartz ME, Tabrizian P, Sarpel U, Fiel MI, Diao Y, Sun B, Hoshida Y, Liang S, Zhong Z. Prolonged hypernutrition impairs TREM2-dependent efferocytosis to license chronic liver inflammation and NASH development. Immunity 2023; 56:58-77.e11. [PMID: 36521495 PMCID: PMC9839616 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced chronic liver inflammation is a hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-an aggressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, it remains unclear how such a low-grade, yet persistent, inflammation is sustained in the liver. Here, we show that the macrophage phagocytic receptor TREM2, induced by hepatocyte-derived sphingosine-1-phosphate, was required for efferocytosis of lipid-laden apoptotic hepatocytes and thereby maintained liver immune homeostasis. However, prolonged hypernutrition led to the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-1β in the liver to induce TREM2 shedding through ADAM17-dependent proteolytic cleavage. Loss of TREM2 resulted in aberrant accumulation of dying hepatocytes, thereby further augmenting proinflammatory cytokine production. This ultimately precipitated a vicious cycle that licensed chronic inflammation to drive simple steatosis transition to NASH. Therefore, impaired macrophage efferocytosis is a previously unrecognized key pathogenic event that enables chronic liver inflammation in obesity. Blocking TREM2 cleavage to restore efferocytosis may represent an effective strategy to treat NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qifeng He
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanli Zhou
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yueyuan Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Regeneration Center, Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Danhui Liu
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Arielle Click
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Polly Henderson
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Janiece Vancil
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cesia Ammi Marquez
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ganesh Gunasekaran
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Myron E Schwartz
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Parissa Tabrizian
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Umut Sarpel
- Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maria Isabel Fiel
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yarui Diao
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Duke Regeneration Center, Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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8
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Xu Y, Guo Y, Lu C, Yu L, Fang C, Li C. Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide Inhibited Liver Cancer in a Simulated Tumor Microenvironment by Eliminating TLR4/STAT3 Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1249-1259. [PMID: 37661404 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors and one of the most common malignant tumors which seriously threatens human health. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was reported to resist the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential anti-cancer effect of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) on the tumor immune microenvironment in liver cancer cells. HepG2 and Hep3B cells were pretreated in the absence or the presence of PSP (20, 50, 100 µg/mL) for a period of 24 h. Subsequently, dendritic cells (DCs) were co-cultured with HepG2 and Hep3B cell supernatant to investigate the effect of PSP on the tumor microenvironment. The results showed that PSP dose-dependently inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HepG2 and Hep3B cells. Meanwhile, PSP dose-dependently inhibited migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of liver cancer cells. In addition, PSP dose-dependently induced inflammatory response of DCs, characterized by increases of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in DCs. Mechanically, PSP dose-dependently reduced the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and noncanonical nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reversed the anti-oncogenic effects of PSP in liver cancer cells. Taken together, PSP inhibited liver cancer in a simulated tumor microenvironment by eliminating TLR4/STAT3 pathway. PSP promises an important and useful alternative to liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
| | - Changyou Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
| | - Linlin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
| | - Chuntao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University
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9
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Andrade A, Poth T, Brobeil A, Merle U, Chamulitrat W. iPLA2β-Null Mice Show HCC Protection by an Induction of Cell-Cycle Arrest after Diethylnitrosamine Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213760. [PMID: 36430237 PMCID: PMC9697657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) play diverse biological functions in epithelial cells and macrophages. Global deletion in iPLA2β-null (KO) mice leads to protection against hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in part, due to the replenishment of the loss of hepatocellular phospholipids. As the loss of phospholipids also occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we hypothesized that global deletion in KO mice may lead to protection against HCC. Here, HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was chosen because DEN causes direct injury to the hepatocytes. Male wild-type (WT) and KO mice at 3-5 weeks of age (12-13 mice/group) were subjected to a single intraperitoneal treatment with 10 mg/kg DEN, and mice were killed 12 months later. Analyses of histology, plasma cytokines, and gene expression were performed. Due to the low-dose DEN used, we observed a liver nodule in 3 of 13 WT and 2 of 12 KO mice. Only one DEN-treated WT mouse was confirmed to have HCC. DEN-treated KO mice did not show any HCC but showed suppressed hepatic expression of cell-cycle cyclinD2 and BCL2 as well as inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-10, and VCAM-1. Notably, DEN-treated KO mice showed increased hepatic necrosis and elevated levels of plasma lactate dehydrogenase suggesting an exacerbation of liver injury. Thus, global iPLA2β deficiency in DEN-treated mice rendered HCC protection by an induction of cell-cycle arrest. Our results suggest the role of iPLA2β inhibition in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Andrade
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tanja Poth
- Center for Model System and Comparative Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Brobeil
- Tissuebank of the NCT, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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10
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Yoshinari K, Shizu R. Distinct roles of the sister nuclear receptors PXR and CAR in liver cancer development. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1019-1026. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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11
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Wang H, Zhang G, Fan W, Wu Y, Zhang J, Xue M, Zhao Y, Yao W, Li J. Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subtypes and Cytokines in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with TACE. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:451-464. [PMID: 35153515 PMCID: PMC8827642 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s342527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixiong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqin Wu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Xue
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jiaping Li, Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-13352890908, Fax +86-20-87755766, Email
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12
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Abstract
Interleukin 17A (IL-17A)-producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells were identified as a subset of T helper cells that play a critical role in host defense against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Th17 cells differentiate from Th0 naïve T-cells in response to transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and IL-6, the cytokines which also drive development of liver fibrosis, require activation of transcription factor retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma t (RORγt). IL-17A signals through the ubiquitously expressed receptor IL-17RA. Expression of IL-17RA is upregulated in patients with hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus (HBV/HCV) infections, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and experimental models of chronic toxic liver injury. The role of IL-17 signaling in the pathogenesis of NASH- and AALD-induced metabolic liver injury and HCC will be the focus of this review. The role of IL-17A-IL-17RA axis in mediation of the cross-talk between metabolically injured hepatic macrophages, hepatocytes, and fibrogenic myofibroblasts will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gen Yamamoto
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Hiroaki Fuji
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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13
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Olatunde A, Nigam M, Singh RK, Panwar AS, Lasisi A, Alhumaydhi FA, Jyoti Kumar V, Mishra AP, Sharifi-Rad J. Cancer and diabetes: the interlinking metabolic pathways and repurposing actions of antidiabetic drugs. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 34535145 PMCID: PMC8447515 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are regarded as one of the main causes of death and result in high health burden worldwide. The management of cancer include chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. The chemotherapy, which involves the use of chemical agents with cytotoxic actions is utilised as a single treatment or combined treatment. However, these managements of cancer such as chemotherapy poses some setbacks such as cytotoxicity on normal cells and the problem of anticancer drug resistance. Therefore, the use of other therapeutic agents such as antidiabetic drugs is one of the alternative interventions used in addressing some of the limitations in the use of anticancer agents. Antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylureas, biguanides and thiazolidinediones showed beneficial and repurposing actions in the management of cancer, thus, the activities of these drugs against cancer is attributed to some of the metabolic links between the two disorders and these includes hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress as well as obesity. Furthermore, some studies showed that the use of antidiabetic drugs could serve as risk factors for the development of cancerous cells particularly pancreatic cancer. However, the beneficial role of these chemical agents overweighs their detrimental actions in cancer management. Hence, the present review indicates the metabolic links between cancer and diabetes and the mechanistic actions of antidiabetic drugs in the management of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, 740272, Nigeria
| | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
| | - Rahul Kunwar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abhaya Shikhar Panwar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abdulwahab Lasisi
- Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Hermitage Lane, Maidstone, Kent, ME169QQ, UK
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Jyoti Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Free State, 205, Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Liu Y, Li YQ, Huang SH, Li YL, Xia JW, Jia JS, Wei F, Wang JH, Dai GQ, Wang YC, Li XY, Han LX, Zhang XL, Xiang XD, Zhao WT, Xiao D, Lin XL. Liver-specific over-expression of Cripto-1 in transgenic mice promotes hepatocyte proliferation and deregulated expression of hepatocarcinogenesis-related genes and signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21155-21190. [PMID: 34517344 PMCID: PMC8457585 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of embryonic gene Cripto-1 (CR-1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using hepatocyte-specific CR-1-overexpressing transgenic mice. The expression of truncated 1.7-kb CR-1 transcript (SF-CR-1) was significantly higher than the full-length 2.0-kb CR-1 transcript (FL-CR-1) in a majority of HCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, CR-1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in HCC tissues than adjacent normal liver tissues. Hepatocyte-specific over-expression of CR-1 in transgenic mice enhanced hepatocyte proliferation after 2/3 partial hepatectomy (2/3 PHx). CR-1 over-expression significantly increased in vivo xenograft tumor growth of HCC cells in nude mice and in vitro HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CR-1 over-expression in the transgenic mouse livers deregulated HCC-related signaling pathways such as AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, Stat3, MAPK/ERK, JNK, TGF-β and Notch, as well as expression of HCC-related genes such as CD5L, S100A8, S100A9, Timd4, Orm2, Orm3, PDK4, DMBT1, G0S2, Plk2, Plk3, Gsta1 and Gsta2. However, histological signs of precancerous lesions, hepatocyte dysplasia or HCC formation were not observed in the livers of 3-, 6- or 8-month-old hepatocyte-specific CR-1-overexpressing transgenic mice. These findings demonstrate that liver-specific CR-1 overexpression in transgenic mice deregulates signaling pathways and genes associated with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Hematology, Central Hospital of Xuhui District, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shi-Hao Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong-Long Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia-Wei Xia
- The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University), Kunming 650041, China
| | - Jun-Shuang Jia
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guan-Qi Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu-Cai Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liu-Xin Han
- The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Dali University), Kunming 650041, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine and Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lin
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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15
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Baglieri J, Zhang C, Liang S, Liu X, Nishio T, Rosenthal SB, Dhar D, Su H, Cong M, Jia J, Hosseini M, Karin M, Kisseleva T, Brenner DA. Nondegradable Collagen Increases Liver Fibrosis but Not Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1564-1579. [PMID: 34119473 PMCID: PMC8406794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although hepatocellular cancer (HCC) usually occurs in the setting of liver fibrosis, the causal relationship between liver fibrosis and HCC is unclear. in vivo and in vitro models of HCC involving Colr/r mice (that produce a collagenase-resistant type I collagen) or wild-type (WT) mice were used to assess the relationship between type I collagen, liver fibrosis, and experimental HCC. HCC was either chemically induced in WT and Colr/r mice or Hepa 1-6 cells were engrafted into WT and Colr/r livers. The effect of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) from WT and Colr/r mice on the growth of Hepa 1-6 cells was studied by using multicellular tumor spheroids and xenografts. Collagen type I deposition and fibrosis were increased in Colr/r mice, but they developed fewer and smaller tumors. Hepa 1-6 cells had reduced tumor growth in the livers of Colr/r mice. Although Colr/r HSCs exhibited a more activated phenotype, Hepa 1-6 growth and malignancy were suppressed in multicellular tumor spheroids and in xenografts containing Colr/r HSCs. Treatment with vitronectin, which mimics the presence of degraded collagen fragments, converted the Colr/r phenotype into a WT phenotype. Although Colr/r mice have increased liver fibrosis, they exhibited decreased HCC in several models. Thus, increased liver type I collagen does not produce increased experimental HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Baglieri
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Takahiro Nishio
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Sara B Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Debanjan Dhar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Min Cong
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jidong Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Mojgan Hosseini
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - David A Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
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16
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Nutt MJ, Yee YS, Buyan A, Andrewartha N, Corry B, Yeoh GCT, Stewart SG. In pursuit of a selective hepatocellular carcinoma therapeutic agent: Novel thalidomide derivatives with antiproliferative, antimigratory and STAT3 inhibitory properties. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 217:113353. [PMID: 33773263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advanced stage liver cancer is predominantly treated with the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib; however, this therapeutic agent lacks selectivity in its cytotoxic actions and is associated with poor survival outcomes. Herein we report the design and preparation of several thalidomide derivatives, including a variety of novel thioether-containing forms that are especially rare in the literature. Importantly, two of the derivatives described are potent antiproliferative agents with dose-dependent selectivity for tumorigenic liver progenitor cells (LPC) growth inhibition (up to 36% increase in doubling time at 10 μM) over non-tumorigenic cells (no effect at 10 μM). Furthermore, these putative anti-liver cancer agents were also found to be potent inhibitors of tumorigenic LPC migration. This report also describes these derivatives' effects on several key signalling pathways in our novel liver cell lines by immunofluorescence and AlphaLISA assays. Aryl thioether derivative 7f significantly reduced STAT3 phosphorylation (23%) and its nuclear localisation (16%) at 10 μM in tumorigenic LPCs, implicating the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 axis is central in the mode of action of our derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Nutt
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yeung Sing Yee
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amanda Buyan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Neil Andrewartha
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ben Corry
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - George C T Yeoh
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Stewart
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
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17
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Lan R, Wei L, Chang Q, Wu S, Zhihui Z. Effects of dietary chitosan oligosaccharides on oxidative stress and inflammation response in liver and spleen of yellow-feather broilers exposed to high ambient temperature. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1850215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Lan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Wei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Wu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhihui
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
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18
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Li Z, Zhang C, Du JX, Zhao J, Shi MT, Jin MW, Liu H. Adipocytes promote tumor progression and induce PD-L1 expression via TNF-α/IL-6 signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:179. [PMID: 32477009 PMCID: PMC7240984 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity confers increased risk for various types of cancer. PD-L1 is a key molecule in tumor immune evasion by inducing T cell exhaustion. The relationship between obesity and PD-L1 is still ambiguous. This study was designed to reveal the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma in obese mice and to investigate if adipocytes regulate PD-L1 expression and the underlying mechanism. Methods Monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice were inoculated with H22 tumor cells and High fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were inoculated with B16-F1 mouse melanoma cells. Human hepatoma HepG2 cells and B16-F1 cells were treated with conditional media from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (adi-CM). Neutralized anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-6 antibodies and inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 were used to reveal the mechanism of effect of adi-CM. Results In obese mice, H22 and B16-F1 tumor tissues grew faster and PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue was increased. Adi-CM up-regulated PD-L1 level in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells in vitro. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes secreted TNF-α and IL-6, and neutralizing TNF-α and/or IL-6 reduced PD-L1 expression in adi-CM-treated cells. p-NF-κB/NF-κB level was downregulated in HepG2 and B16-F1 cells, and p-STAT3/STAT3 level was also decreased in HepG2 cells. In addition, inhibitor of NF-κB or STAT3 reversed the effect of adi-CM on PD-L1 expression. Conclusions TNF-α and IL-6 secreted by adipocytes up-regulates PD-L1 in hepatoma and B16-F1 cells, which may be at least partially involved in the role of obesity in promoting tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Xia Du
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-Ting Shi
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Man-Wen Jin
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Liu
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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Hajiasgharzadeh K, Somi MH, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Doustvandi MA, Baradaran B. The dual role of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in inflammation-associated gastrointestinal cancers. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03611. [PMID: 32215331 PMCID: PMC7090353 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) is one of the main subtypes of nAChRs that modulates various cancer-related properties including proliferative, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic and pro-metastatic activities in most of the cancers. It also plays a crucial role in inflammation control through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in numerous pathophysiological contexts. Such diverse physiological and pathological functions that initiate from this receptor may have significant impacts in determining the outcome of different cancers. Various tissues of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers such as gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancers have shown the up-regulated expression of α7nAChR as compared to normal adjacent tissues. According to the well-established connection between inflammation and tumorigenesis in the digestive system, there are mounting studies demonstrated either stimulatory or inhibitory effects of α7nAChR signaling in the development of GI cancers. To date, the precise underlying mechanisms related to this receptor in patients with GI cancers have not been fully elucidated. Regarding the paradoxical modulatory effects of this receptor in carcinogenesis, in this review, we aim to summarize the accumulated evidence about the involvement of α7nAChR in inflammation-associated GI cancers. It seems that the complex influences of α7nAChR may be a promising target in designing novel strategies in the treatment of such pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Sauriasari R, Sekar AP, Aisyah N, Syahdi RR, Matsuura E. Sera Anti-P53 Antibody Provides New Information Which Explains the Link Between Diabetes and Cancer. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:325-331. [PMID: 32104029 PMCID: PMC7023868 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s213731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormalities in glucose metabolism in diabetic patients may lead to an increased risk of certain cancers. Epidemiological studies and meta-analysis have shown that factors such as gender, age, obesity, and insulin resistance are related to cancer incidence. The anti-p53 antibody is a known cancer marker due to tumor-associated p53 accumulation. Many studies have aimed to unravel the link between diabetes and cancer. Here, we aimed to elucidate the impact of diabetes on malignancies by analyzing anti-p53 antibody in sera of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted an observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 149 subjects comprised of 78 T2DM patients (32 with cancer risk and 46 subjects without cancer risk), 51 T2DM patients with cancer, and 20 healthy subjects as controls from multisites. The anti-p53 antibody was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while HbA1c was measured using the NGSP standardized method. RESULTS We observed an 8.3-fold (p<0.05) increase of anti-p53 antibody in the sera of T2DM patients and a 24-fold increase (p<0.001) in T2DM patients with cancer compared to healthy subjects. The anti-p53 antibodies significantly increased almost three times (p<0.05) in T2DM patients with cancer (0.72 U/mL±0.20) compared to T2DM patients (0.25 U/mL±0.05). Meanwhile, this antibody was almost undetectable in healthy subjects as a control group (0.03 U/mL±0.03). The anti-p53 antibody level was higher in T2DM with cancer risk patients. However, we did not find a significant difference for it in T2DM without cancer risk patients (0.19 U/mL±0.03) and T2DM with cancer risk patients (0.29 U/mL±0.08). Multivariate regression analysis showed that T2DM with cancer was the only one independent factor (beta=0.218, p=0.019) that could predict the increase of anti-p53 antibody, controlled by age, gender, BMI, DM duration, and HbA1c. CONCLUSION Our results showed that anti-p53 antibody almost not detected in healthy subjects, but 8.3-fold increase in the sera of T2DM patients and 24-fold increase in T2DM patients with cancer. Therefore, this biomarker provides new information which explains the link between diabetes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Sauriasari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Rani Sauriasari Gedung A Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan, Jalan Prof. Dr. Sudjono D Pusponegoro, Kampus UI, Depok, Jawa Barat16424, IndonesiaTel +62-21-7270031 Email
| | | | - Nurul Aisyah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | | | - Eiji Matsuura
- Neutron Therapy Research Center, Collaborative Research Center for OMIC & Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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21
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Das CK, Banerjee I, Mandal M. Pro-survival autophagy: An emerging candidate of tumor progression through maintaining hallmarks of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 66:59-74. [PMID: 31430557 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that regulates the cellular homeostasis by targeting damaged cellular contents and organelles for lysosomal degradation and sustains genomic integrity, cellular metabolism, and cell survival during diverse stress and adverse conditions. Recently, the role of autophagy is extremely debated in the regulation of cancer initiation and progression. Although autophagy has a dichotomous role in the regulation of cancer, growing numbers of studies largely indicate the pro-survival role of autophagy in cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the detailed mechanisms of autophagy, the role of pro-survival autophagy that positively drives several classical as well as emerging hallmarks of cancer for tumorigenic progression, and also we address various autophagy inhibitors that could be harnessed against pro-survival autophagy for effective cancer therapeutics. Finally, we highlight some outstanding problems that need to be deciphered extensively in the future to unravel the role of autophagy in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kanta Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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22
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Li JJ, Yang Z, Huang ZS. Progress in basic and clinical research on molecular targeted therapy for primary hepatic carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:643-650. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i10.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the second most common cancer in the world, primary liver cancer has become one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in China, causing great pain and financial burden to patients and their families. Traditional treatment methods have not achieved satisfactory results so far, and people are gradually turning their attention to targeted drug therapy, which has many advantages, such as accuracy and little adverse reactions. Previous studies have shown that the introduction of targeted drug sorafenib can improve the survival of patients with primary liver cancer and open a new era of tumor targeted therapy. In recent years, molecular targeted therapy for liver cancer has become a research hotspot. A variety of new molecular targeted drugs have been found to be able to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced liver cancer. The purpose of this article is to review the progress in basic and clinical research on molecular targeted therapy for primary hepatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ji Li
- Graduate College, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Graduate College, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zan-Song Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi Clinical Medical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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23
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TrxR1, Gsr, and oxidative stress determine hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11408-11417. [PMID: 31097586 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903244116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1)-, glutathione reductase (Gsr)-, and Nrf2 transcription factor-driven antioxidant systems form an integrated network that combats potentially carcinogenic oxidative damage yet also protects cancer cells from oxidative death. Here we show that although unchallenged wild-type (WT), TrxR1-null, or Gsr-null mouse livers exhibited similarly low DNA damage indices, these were 100-fold higher in unchallenged TrxR1/Gsr-double-null livers. Notwithstanding, spontaneous cancer rates remained surprisingly low in TrxR1/Gsr-null livers. All genotypes, including TrxR1/Gsr-null, were susceptible to N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer, indicating that loss of these antioxidant systems did not prevent cancer cell survival. Interestingly, however, following DEN treatment, TrxR1-null livers developed threefold fewer tumors compared with WT livers. Disruption of TrxR1 in a marked subset of DEN-initiated cancer cells had no effect on their subsequent contributions to tumors, suggesting that TrxR1-disruption does not affect cancer progression under normal care, but does decrease the frequency of DEN-induced cancer initiation. Consistent with this idea, TrxR1-null livers showed altered basal and DEN-exposed metabolomic profiles compared with WT livers. To examine how oxidative stress influenced cancer progression, we compared DEN-induced cancer malignancy under chronically low oxidative stress (TrxR1-null, standard care) vs. elevated oxidative stress (TrxR1/Gsr-null livers, standard care or phenobarbital-exposed TrxR1-null livers). In both cases, elevated oxidative stress was correlated with significantly increased malignancy. Finally, although TrxR1-null and TrxR1/Gsr-null livers showed strong Nrf2 activity in noncancerous hepatocytes, there was no correlation between malignancy and Nrf2 expression within tumors across genotypes. We conclude that TrxR1, Gsr, Nrf2, and oxidative stress are major determinants of liver cancer but in a complex, context-dependent manner.
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24
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Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mohammadzadeh A, Adib A, Darband SG, Sadighparvar S, Mihanfar A, Majidinia M, Yousefi B. Melatonin-mediated regulation of autophagy: Making sense of double-edged sword in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17011-17022. [PMID: 30859580 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Much research has been conducted to discover novel techniques to reverse the process of tumorigenesis and, cure already stablished malignancies. One well-stablished approach has been the use of organic compounds and naturally found agents such as melatonin whose anticancer effects have been shown in multiple studies, signaling a unique opportunity regarding cancer prevention and treatment. Various agents use a variety of methods to exert their anticancer effects. Two of the most important of these methods are interfering with cell signaling pathways and changing cellular functions, such as autophagy, which is essential in maintaining cellular stability against multiple exogenous and endogenous sources of stress, and is a major tool to evade early cell death. In this study, the importance of melatonin and autophagy are discussed, and the effects of melatonin on autophagy, and its contribution in the process of tumorigenesis are then noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammadzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Adib
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Ghazizadeh Darband
- Danesh Pey Hadi Co., Health Technology Development Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shirin Sadighparvar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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Liang S, Ma HY, Zhong Z, Dhar D, Liu X, Xu J, Koyama Y, Nishio T, Karin D, Karin G, Mccubbin R, Zhang C, Hu R, Yang G, Chen L, Ganguly S, Lan T, Karin M, Kisseleva T, Brenner DA. NADPH Oxidase 1 in Liver Macrophages Promotes Inflammation and Tumor Development in Mice. Gastroenterology 2019; 156:1156-1172.e6. [PMID: 30445007 PMCID: PMC6409207 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although there are associations among oxidative stress, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) activation, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, it is not clear how NOX contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. We studied the functions of different NOX proteins in mice after administration of a liver carcinogen. METHODS Fourteen-day-old Nox1-/- mice, Nox4-/- mice, Nox1-/-Nox4-/- (double-knockout) mice, and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and liver tumors were examined at 9 months. We also studied the effects of DEN in mice with disruption of Nox1 specifically in hepatocytes (Nox1ΔHep), hepatic stellate cells (Nox1ΔHep), or macrophages (Nox1ΔMac). Some mice were also given injections of the NOX1-specific inhibitor ML171. To study the acute effects of DEN, 8-12-week-old mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection, and liver and serum were collected at 72 hours. Liver tissues were analyzed by histologic examination, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunoblots. Hepatocytes and macrophages were isolated from WT and knockout mice and analyzed by immunoblots. RESULTS Nox4-/- mice and WT mice developed liver tumors within 9 months after administration of DEN, whereas Nox1-/- mice developed 80% fewer tumors, which were 50% smaller than those of WT mice. Nox1ΔHep and Nox1ΔHSC mice developed liver tumors of the same number and size as WT mice, whereas Nox1ΔMac developed fewer and smaller tumors, similar to Nox1-/- mice. After DEN injection, levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6 (IL6), and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were increased in livers from WT, but not Nox1-/- or Nox1ΔMac, mice. Conditioned medium from necrotic hepatocytes induced expression of NOX1 in cultured macrophages, followed by expression of tumor necrosis factor, IL6, and other inflammatory cytokines; this medium did not induce expression of IL6 or cytokines in Nox1ΔMac macrophages. WT mice given DEN followed by ML171 developed fewer and smaller liver tumors than mice given DEN followed by vehicle. CONCLUSIONS In mice given injections of a liver carcinogen (DEN), expression of NOX1 by macrophages promotes hepatic tumorigenesis by inducing the production of inflammatory cytokines. We propose that upon liver injury, damage-associated molecular patterns released from dying hepatocytes activate liver macrophages to produce cytokines that promote tumor development. Strategies to block NOX1 or these cytokines might be developed to slow hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hsiao-Yen Ma
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Debanjan Dhar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yukinori Koyama
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nishio
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daniel Karin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Karin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Mccubbin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ronglin Hu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guizhi Yang
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Souradipta Ganguly
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tian Lan
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
| | - David A. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Correspondence: To whom correspondence should be addressed. ;
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26
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High Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Fibrotic Liver: Role of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030581. [PMID: 30700007 PMCID: PMC6387126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death globally, accounting for approximately 800,000 deaths annually. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, making up about 80% of cases. Liver fibrosis and its end-stage disease, cirrhosis, are major risk factors for HCC. A fibrotic liver typically shows persistent hepatocyte death and compensatory regeneration, chronic inflammation, and an increase in reactive oxygen species, which collaboratively create a tumor-promoting microenvironment via inducing genetic alterations and chromosomal instability, and activating various oncogenic molecular signaling pathways. In this article, we review recent advances in fields of liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis, and consider several molecular signaling pathways that promote hepato-carcinogenesis under the microenvironment of liver fibrosis. In particular, we pay attention to emerging roles of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ signaling pathway in stromal activation, hepatic fibrosis, and liver cancer.
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27
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Obesity-Induced TNFα and IL-6 Signaling: The Missing Link between Obesity and Inflammation-Driven Liver and Colorectal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 11:cancers11010024. [PMID: 30591653 PMCID: PMC6356226 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity promotes the development of numerous cancers, such as liver and colorectal cancers, which is at least partly due to obesity-induced, chronic, low-grade inflammation. In particular, the recruitment and activation of immune cell subsets in the white adipose tissue systemically increase proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These proinflammatory cytokines not only impair insulin action in metabolic tissues, but also favor cancer development. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on how obesity affects inflammatory TNFα and IL-6 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancers.
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28
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Transgenic expression of tgfb1a induces hepatic inflammation, fibrosis and metastasis in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 509:175-181. [PMID: 30581008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TGFB signaling pathway plays a key role on liver disease progression. In our previous study, we have demonstrated the oncogenic ability of Tgfb signaling pathway as a chronic induction of tgfb1a specifically in hepatocytes led to both hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma in zebrafish. Here we would like to examine the potential mechanisms of Tgfb1a induced tumorigenesis. As majority of HCC developed from the background of liver inflammation and fibrosis, by immune-fluorescent staining on markers of liver inflammation, we indeed observed a progressively increased liver inflammation during tumorigenesis. Examination of liver fibrosis also revealed marked increase of liver fibrosis during early liver tumorigenesis and it was dramatically dropped in late liver tumorigenesis. Hence, induction of tgfb1a drives HCC through association of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, we found high expression of EMT markers in late liver tumorigenesis, indicating a tumor metastasis potential. These observations are generally consistent with the molecular mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis in human.
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29
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Czauderna C, Palestino-Dominguez M, Castven D, Becker D, Zanon-Rodriguez L, Hajduk J, Mahn FL, Herr M, Strand D, Strand S, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Gomez-Quiroz LE, Wörns MA, Galle PR, Marquardt JU. Ginkgo biloba induces different gene expression signatures and oncogenic pathways in malignant and non-malignant cells of the liver. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209067. [PMID: 30576355 PMCID: PMC6303069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba (EGb761) is a widely used botanical drug. Several reports indicate that EGb761 confers preventive as well as anti-tumorigenic properties in a variety of tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We here evaluate functional effects and molecular alterations induced by EGb761 in hepatoma cells and non-malignant hepatocytes. Hepatoma cell lines, primary human HCC cells and immortalized human hepatocytes (IH) were exposed to various concentrations (0–1000 μg/ml) of EGb761. Apoptosis and proliferation were evaluated after 72h of EGb761 exposure. Response to oxidative stress, tumorigenic properties and molecular changes were further investigated. While anti-oxidant effects were detected in all cell lines, EGb761 promoted anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mainly in hepatoma cells. Consistently, EGb761 treatment caused a significant reduction in colony and sphere forming ability in hepatoma cells and no mentionable changes in IH. Transcriptomic changes involved oxidative stress response as well as key oncogenic pathways resembling Nrf2- and mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, EGb761 induces differential effects in non-transformed and cancer cells. While treatment confers protective effects in non-malignant cells, EGb761 significantly impairs tumorigenic properties in cancer cells by affecting key oncogenic pathways. Results provide the rational for clinical testing of EGb761 in preventive and therapeutic strategies in human liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Czauderna
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mayrel Palestino-Dominguez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - Darko Castven
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Diana Becker
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Luis Zanon-Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jovana Hajduk
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Friederike L. Mahn
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Monika Herr
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis Strand
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Strand
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Department of Genomics of Institute of Human Genetics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luis E. Gomez-Quiroz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa, Mexico
| | - Marcus A. Wörns
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R. Galle
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens U. Marquardt
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Lichtenberg Research Group “Molecular Hepatocarcinogenesis”, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
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30
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Hattori N, Niwa T, Ishida T, Kobayashi K, Imai T, Mori A, Kimura K, Mori T, Asami Y, Ushijima T. Antibiotics suppress colon tumorigenesis through inhibition of aberrant DNA methylation in an azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium colitis model. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:147-156. [PMID: 30443963 PMCID: PMC6317928 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is involved in the development of colon cancer by inducing mutations and aberrant DNA methylation in colon epithelial cells. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that colonic microbiota modulates the inflammation response in the host and influences colon tumorigenesis. However, the influence of colonic microbiota on aberrant DNA methylation remains unknown. Here, we show the effect of colonic microbes on DNA methylation and tumorigenicity using a mouse model of human ulcerative colitis. Mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) showed an increase in degree of colitis, as estimated by body weight, occult blood, and stool consistency/diarrhea at 2 weeks after treatment, but treatment with antibiotics markedly reduced the severity of the colitis. Although mucosal hyperplasia and increased inflammation‐related genes were observed in the colonic epithelial cells of the AOM/DSS‐treated mice, treatment with antibiotics abrogated these changes. In addition, treatment with antibiotics significantly decreased the number of mucosal nodules from 5.9 ± 5.3 to 0.2 ± 0.6 (P < .01) and area of occupancy from 50.1 ± 57.4 to 0.5 ± 1.4 mm2 (P < .01). Aberrant DNA methylation of three marker CpG islands (Cbln4, Fosb, and Msx1) was induced by AOM/DSS treatment in colonic mucosae, but this increase was suppressed by 50%‐92% (P < .05) with antibiotic treatment. Microbiome analysis showed that this change was associated with a decrease of the Clostridium leptum subgroup. These data indicate that antibiotics suppressed tumorigenesis through inhibition of aberrant DNA methylation induced by chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Hattori
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Niwa
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshio Imai
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Mori
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Kimura
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Communication Division, Meiji Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Cell death represents a basic biological paradigm that governs outcomes and long-term sequelae in almost every hepatic disease condition. Acute liver failure is characterized by massive loss of parenchymal cells but is usually followed by restitution ad integrum. By contrast, cell death in chronic liver diseases often occurs at a lesser extent but leads to long-term alterations in organ architecture and function, contributing to chronic hepatocyte turnover, the recruitment of immune cells and activation of hepatic stellate cells. These chronic cell death responses contribute to the development of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. It has become evident that, besides apoptosis, necroptosis is a highly relevant form of programmed cell death in the liver. Differential activation of specific forms of programmed cell death might not only affect outcomes in liver diseases but also offer novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms and open questions about disease-specific activation and roles of programmed cell death forms, their contribution to response signatures and their detection. We focus on the role of apoptosis and necroptosis in acute liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver cancer, and possible translations into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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32
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Nasry WHS, Rodriguez-Lecompte JC, Martin CK. Role of COX-2/PGE2 Mediated Inflammation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100348. [PMID: 30248985 PMCID: PMC6211032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant amount of research indicates that the cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway of inflammation contributes to the development and progression of a variety of cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx (OSCC). Although there have been promising results from studies examining the utility of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of OSCC, this strategy has been met with only variable success and these drugs are also associated with toxicities that make them inappropriate for some OSCC patients. Improved inflammation-targeting therapies require continued study of the mechanisms linking inflammation and progression of OSCC. In this review, a synopsis of OSCC biology will be provided, and recent insights into inflammation related mechanisms of OSCC pathobiology will be discussed. The roles of prostaglandin E2 and cluster of differentiation factor 147 (CD147) will be presented, and evidence for their interactions in OSCC will be explored. Through continued investigation into the protumourigenic pathways of OSCC, more treatment modalities targeting inflammation-related pathways can be designed with the hope of slowing tumour progression and improving patient prognosis in patients with this aggressive form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hamed Shaker Nasry
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Chelsea K Martin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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33
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Hagenbeek TJ, Webster JD, Kljavin NM, Chang MT, Pham T, Lee HJ, Klijn C, Cai AG, Totpal K, Ravishankar B, Yang N, Lee DH, Walsh KB, Hatzivassiliou G, de la Cruz CC, Gould SE, Wu X, Lee WP, Yang S, Zhang Z, Gu Q, Ji Q, Jackson EL, Lim DS, Dey A. The Hippo pathway effector TAZ induces TEAD-dependent liver inflammation and tumors. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/547/eaaj1757. [PMID: 30206136 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaj1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway regulates organ size and plays critical roles in maintaining tissue growth, homeostasis, and regeneration. Dysregulated in a wide spectrum of cancers, in mammals, this pathway is regulated by two key effectors, YAP and TAZ, that may functionally overlap. We found that TAZ promoted liver inflammation and tumor development. The expression of TAZ, but not YAP, in human liver tumors positively correlated with the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Hyperactivated TAZ induced substantial myeloid cell infiltration into the liver and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines through a TEAD-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, tumors with hyperactivated YAP and TAZ had distinct transcriptional signatures, which included the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in TAZ-driven tumors. Our study elucidated a previously uncharacterized link between TAZ activity and inflammatory responses that influence tumor development in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs J Hagenbeek
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Joshua D Webster
- Department of Pathology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Noelyn M Kljavin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Matthew T Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Trang Pham
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ho-June Lee
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Christiaan Klijn
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Allen G Cai
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Klara Totpal
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Buvana Ravishankar
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Naiying Yang
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kevin B Walsh
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Cecile C de la Cruz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Stephen E Gould
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Xiumin Wu
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wyne P Lee
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Shuqun Yang
- Oncology Business Unit, Research Service Division, WuXi AppTec, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Oncology Business Unit, Research Service Division, WuXi AppTec, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Qingyang Gu
- Oncology Business Unit, Research Service Division, WuXi AppTec, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Qunsheng Ji
- Oncology Business Unit, Research Service Division, WuXi AppTec, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Erica L Jackson
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Anwesha Dey
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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34
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Shi M, Jiang Y, Yang L, Yan S, Wang YG, Lu XJ. Decreased levels of serum exosomal miR-638 predict poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4711-4716. [PMID: 29278659 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently available studies have implicated that exosome-delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in human cancer. However, the association of serum exosomal miR-638 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. We aim to investigate the expression of exosomal miR-638 in serum of HCC patients and its prognostic role in this deadly disease. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the survival of patients histologically diagnosed with HCC. Reduced levels of exosomal miR-638 in serum samples from patients with HCC were identified by real-time PCR. Negative association of serum exosomal miR-638 with tumor size, vascular infiltration, and TNM stage was observed in HCC patients. Besides, the proliferation of Huh7 and SMCC7721 HCC cells were significantly inhibited when miR-638 was over-expressed in these cells. In addition, HCC patients with lower levels of serum exosomal miR-638 had poor overall survival than those with higher levels of exosomal miR-638 in serum. Our study strongly suggests that serum exosome-delivered miR-638 may serve as a novel circulating biomarker for HCC. Downregulation of miR-638 predicts poor prognosis for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shushan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Diseases Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yu-Gang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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35
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Mteyrek A, Filipski E, Guettier C, Okyar A, Lévi F. Clock gene Per2 as a controller of liver carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85832-85847. [PMID: 27494874 PMCID: PMC5349878 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental disruption of molecular clocks promoted liver carcinogenesis and accelerated cancer progression in rodents. We investigated the specific role of clock gene Period 2 (Per2) for liver carcinogenesis and clock-controlled cellular proliferation, genomic instability and inflammation. We assessed liver histopathology, and determined molecular and physiology circadian patterns in mice on chronic diethylnitrosamine (DEN) exposure according to constitutive Per2 mutation. First, we found that Per2m/m liver displayed profound alterations in proliferation gene expression, including c-Myc derepression, phase-advanced Wee1, and arrhythmic Ccnb1 and K-ras mRNA expressions, as well as deregulated inflammation, through arrhythmic liver IL-6 protein concentration, in the absence of any DEN exposure. These changes could then make Per2m/m mice more prone to subsequently develop liver cancers on DEN. Indeed, primary liver cancers were nearly fourfold as frequent in Per2m/m mice as compared to wild-type (WT), 4 months after DEN exposure. The liver molecular clock was severely disrupted throughout the whole carcinogenesis process, including the initiation stage, i.e. within the initial 17 days on DEN. Per2m/m further exhibited increased c-Myc and Ccnb1 mean 24h expressions, lack of P53 response, and arrhythmic ATM, Wee1 and Ccnb1 expressions. DEN-induced tumor related inflammation was further promoted through increased protein concentrations of liver IL-6 and TNF-α as compared to WT during carcinogenesis initiation. Per2 mutation severely deregulated liver gene or protein expressions related to three cancer hallmarks, including uncontrolled proliferation, genomic instability, and tumor promoting inflammation, and accelerated liver carcinogenesis several-fold. Clock gene Per2 acted here as a liver tumor suppressor from initiation to progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mteyrek
- INSERM and Paris Sud University, UMRS 995, Team « Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver », Campus CNRS, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Elisabeth Filipski
- INSERM and Paris Sud University, UMRS 995, Team « Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver », Campus CNRS, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathologic Cytology, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France
| | - Alper Okyar
- Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Beyazit TR-34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Francis Lévi
- INSERM and Paris Sud University, UMRS 995, Team « Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver », Campus CNRS, Villejuif F-94807, France.,Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathologic Cytology, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France.,Warwick Medical School, Cancer Chronotherapy Unit, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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36
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Wu Q, Chen JX, Chen Y, Cai LL, Wang XZ, Guo WH, Zheng JF. The chemokine receptor CCR10 promotes inflammation-driven hepatocarcinogenesis via PI3K/Akt pathway activation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:232. [PMID: 29445190 PMCID: PMC5833857 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-related proteins are dysregulated and the GPCR CC-chemokine receptor 10 (CCR10) is significantly upregulated in inflammation-driven HCC. However, CCR10′s role in inflammation-driven hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CCR10 in inflammation-driven hepatocarcinogenesis. Via a targeted gene expression microarray screening alterations in GPCR family gene expression, we found CCR10 to be significantly upregulated in hepatocytes isolated from inflammation-driven human HCC tumors and matching paracancerous tissues. Tetrachloromethane (CCl4)-induced and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced murine models of inflammatory hepatocarcinogenesis displayed significant hepatocellular TNF and CCR10 upregulation. Exogenous TNF applied to HepG2 and LO2 cell lines as well as wild-type (WT) mice significantly upregulated hepatocellular CCR10 expression, Akt phosphorylation, PCNA expression, and hepatocellular proliferation. Additionally, exogenous TNF significantly upregulated secretion of the natural CCR10 ligand-agonist CCL28 from both cell lines. Transgenic CCR10-knockout (CCR10 KO) in DEN-treated mice significantly increased hepatocellular apoptosis levels and significantly lowered compensatory hepatocellular proliferation but did not affect upstream TNF expression. In addition, DEN-treated CCR10 KO mice showed a significantly lower liver weight/body weight ratio, significantly lower liver tumor incidence, and significantly smaller tumors. Moreover, exogenous CCR10 expression significantly raised xenograft tumor growth in Balb/c nude mice. In vitro, CCR10 transfection or CCL28 treatment in HepG2 and LO2 cell lines significantly increased Akt phosphorylation, PCNA expression, and cell proliferation, while CCR10 silencing or Akt inhibition produced the opposite effects. In vivo, hepatocytes isolated from HCC tumor tissue and matching paracancerous tissue in DEN-treated CCR10 KO mice showed significantly lower Akt phosphorylation and PCNA expression relative to WT hepatocytes. In conclusion, inflammation-induced TNF promotes hepatocellular CCR10 expression and downstream PI3K/Akt-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis. CCR10 appears to function as a linkage between TNF stimulation and downstream PI3K/Akt pathway activation and shows promise as a potential therapeutic target for inflammation-driven HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jin-Xian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Li-Li Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wu-Hua Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Jian-Feng Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China.
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37
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Sukocheva OA. Estrogen, estrogen receptors, and hepatocellular carcinoma: Are we there yet? World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1-4. [PMID: 29358876 PMCID: PMC5757114 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A protective role of the sex steroid hormone estrogen in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was suggested a few decades ago according to clinical data showing higher HCC morbidity and mortality among males. Several recent studies further confirmed the anti-cancer effects of estrogen in the liver. However, it remains to be identified how to exploit estrogen signalling within clinical settings for HCC treatment. There are several unresolved issues related to the estrogen pathway in liver cells. The main problems include the absence of a clear understanding of which estrogen receptor (ER) isoform is predominantly expressed in normal and malignant liver cells, the ER isoform expression difference between males and females, and which ER isoform should be targeted when designing HCC therapy. Some of those questions were recently addressed by Iyer and co-authors. The current editorial review critically analyses the study by Iyer et al (WJG, 2017) that investigated the expression of ER subtypes in liver samples collected from patients with a healthy liver, hepatitis C virus cirrhosis, and HCC. ER presence was evaluated in association with gender, intracellular localization, inflammation marker NF-κB, and proliferation-related effector cyclin D1. The study limitations and advantages are discussed in light of recent advances in the HCC and estrogen signalling areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- School of Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Flinders Drive, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
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38
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Dai M, Wang F, Zou Z, Xiao G, Chen H, Yang H. Metabolic regulations of a decoction of Hedyotis diffusa in acute liver injury of mouse models. Chin Med 2017; 12:35. [PMID: 29296119 PMCID: PMC5738817 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-017-0159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional metabolisms are contributed to LPS/GALN-induced hepatitis. However, whether Hedyotis diffusa (HD) employs metabolic strategies against hepatitis is unknown. Methods We use the cytokines expression, levels of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, survival and histological analysis to measure the effect of decoction of HD on acute severe hepatitis of mouse induced by LPS/GALN. Meanwhile, we utilize GC/MS-based metabolomics to characterize the variation of metabolomes. Results The present study shows the relieving liver damage in HD decoction-treated mice. Metabolic category using differential metabolites indicates the lower percentage of carbohydrates in LPS/GALN + HD group than LPS/GALN group, revealing the value of carbohydrate metabolism in HD decoction-administrated mouse liver. Further pathway enrichment analysis proposes that citrate cycle, galactose metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism are three important carbohydrate metabolisms that involve in the protective effect of decoction of HD during acute hepatitis. Furthermore, other important enrichment pathways are biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. Fatty acids or amino acids involved in above-mentioned pathways are also detected in high loading distribution on IC01 and IC02, thereby manifesting the significance of these metabolites. Other key metabolites detect in ICA analysis were cholesterol, lactic acid and tryptophan. Conclusions The variation tendency of above-mentioned metabolites is totally consistent with the protective nature of decoction of HD. These findings give a viewpoint that HD decoction-effected metabolic strategies are linked to underlying mechanisms of decoction of HD and highlight the importance of metabolic mechanisms against hepatitis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13020-017-0159-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Dai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Fenglin Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Zengcheng Zou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Gemin Xiao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Hongjie Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630 China
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39
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Iyer JK, Kalra M, Kaul A, Payton ME, Kaul R. Estrogen receptor expression in chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:6802-6816. [PMID: 29085224 PMCID: PMC5645614 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i37.6802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate gender-specific liver estrogen receptor (ER) expression in normal subjects and patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS Liver tissues from normal donors and patients diagnosed with HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC were obtained from the NIH Liver Tissue and Cell Distribution System. The expression of ER subtypes, ERα and ERβ, were evaluated by Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. The subcellular distribution of ERα and ERβ was further determined in nuclear and cytoplasmic tissue lysates along with the expression of inflammatory [activated NF-κB and IκB-kinase (IKK)] and oncogenic (cyclin D1) markers by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The expression of ERα and ERβ was correlated with the expression of activated NF-κB, activated IKK and cyclin D1 by Spearman’s correlation.
RESULTS Both ER subtypes were expressed in normal livers but male livers showed significantly higher expression of ERα than females (P < 0.05). We observed significantly higher mRNA expression of ERα in HCV-related HCC liver tissues as compared to normals (P < 0.05) and ERβ in livers of HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC subjects (P < 0.05). At the protein level, there was a significantly higher expression of nuclear ERα in livers of HCV-related HCC patients and nuclear ERβ in HCV-related cirrhosis patients as compared to normals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we observed a significantly higher expression of phosphorylated NF-κB and cyclin D1 in diseased livers (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expression of nuclear ER subtypes and nuclear cyclin D1 and a negative correlation between cytoplasmic ER subtypes and cytoplasmic phosphorylated IKK in HCV-related HCC livers. These findings suggest that dysregulated expression of ER subtypes following chronic HCV-infection may contribute to the progression of HCV-related cirrhosis to HCV-related HCC.
CONCLUSION Gender differences were observed in ERα expression in normal livers. Alterations in ER subtype expression observed in diseased livers may influence gender-related disparity in HCV-related pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki K Iyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
- (Current Affiliation) Department of Natural Sciences, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK 74464, United States
| | - Mamta Kalra
- Immatics US Inc, Houston, TX 77077, United States
| | - Anil Kaul
- Health Care Administration, Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
| | - Mark E Payton
- Department of Statistics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States
| | - Rashmi Kaul
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, United States
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40
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Bay ML, Gehl J, Pedersen BK, Hojman P. Voluntary Wheel Running Reduces the Acute Inflammatory Response to Liver Carcinogen in a Sex-specific Manner. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:719-728. [PMID: 28951483 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation contributes to the development of cancer, yet acute inflammatory responses are also needed to eradicate tumorigenic cells and activate adaptive immune responses to combat cancer. Physical exercise has direct immunomodulatory effects, and in line with this, exercise has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth, including diethylnitrosamine-(DEN)-induced hepatocarcinoma. Having observed a sex-dependent development of DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma, we aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise and sex on the acute inflammatory response to DEN. Thus, we randomized male and female mice to cages with or without running wheels for 6 weeks, whereafter DEN was administered and the inflammatory response was evaluated for up to 96 hours. DEN administration caused marked acute inflammatory responses in female mice with weight loss, reduced food intake, release of liver enzymes, and increased systemic levels of IL6. Moreover, DEN caused increased hepatic expression of cytokines, immune cell markers, and components of the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. In male mice, DEN administration provoked similar physiologic effects with weight loss and reduced food intake, but less systemic and hepatic acute inflammation, which was associated with a higher baseline expression of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione S-transferase and lower expression of ERα in male mice. Voluntary wheel running attenuated systemic and hepatic inflammation, in particular in the female mice, and shifted the peak time of the inflammatory response. In conclusion, DEN elicited an acute inflammatory response in particular in female mice, and this response was attenuated by prior exercise. Cancer Prev Res; 10(12); 719-28. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Bay
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Gehl
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bente Klarlund Pedersen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pernille Hojman
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Identification of Non-Electrophilic Nrf2 Activators from Approved Drugs. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060883. [PMID: 28587109 PMCID: PMC6152778 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage can lead to a wide range of diseases. Nrf2 is an important transcription factor that regulates many of the cytoprotective enzymes involved in the oxidative stress response. Therefore, targeting the regulation of Nrf2 activation is one logical and effective strategy to prevent or lower the risk of oxidative stress-related diseases. Until now, most research has focused on electrophilic indirect Nrf2 activators, but the risk of 'off-target' effects may be associated with these activators. To find novel small non-electrophilic modulators of Nrf2, we started from chemical agents derived from a connectivity map (cMap) and identified 22 non-electrophilic potential Nrf2-activating drugs through a drug repositioning tactic. By determining the expression changes of antioxidant genes in MCF7 cells that were treated with the potential Nrf2 activators using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) (qRT-PCR), astemizole was found to have a greater scale of upregulating antioxidant genes NQO1, HO-1, and GCLM than the positive control d,l-sulforaphane, although the testing concentration was lower than that of the control. Astemizole is a good potential redox regulator and deserves more pharmacodynamic experimentation to test and verify its feasibility for use as an Nrf2 activator.
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Grąt M, Wronka KM, Krasnodębski M, Masior Ł, Lewandowski Z, Kosińska I, Grąt K, Stypułkowski J, Rejowski S, Wasilewicz M, Gałęcka M, Szachta P, Krawczyk M. Profile of Gut Microbiota Associated With the Presence of Hepatocellular Cancer in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:1687-91. [PMID: 27496472 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes within the gut microbiota contribute to the progression of chronic liver diseases. According to the results of several studies performed in animal models, gut dysbiosis plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota associated with the presence of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis of the liver undergoing liver transplantation. METHODS A total of 15 patients with HCC and 15 non-HCC patients matched according to etiology of cirrhosis and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores who underwent liver transplantations between 2012 and 2014 were included. Analysis of their gut microbial profile was based on prospectively collected stool samples from the pretransplant period. RESULTS Patients with and without HCC were similar with respect to age (P = .506), sex (P = .700), hepatitis C virus (P > .999) and hepatitis B virus (P = .715) infection status, alcoholic liver disease (P > .999), and MELD score (P = .337). Notably, the presence of HCC was associated with significantly increased fecal counts of Escherichia coli (P = .025). Prediction of HCC presence based on E coli counts was associated with the area under the receiver-operating curve of 0.742 (95% confidence interval, 0.564-0.920), with the optimal cutoff on the level of 17.728 (natural logarithm of colony-forming units per 1 g of feces). Sensitivity and specificity rates for the established cutoff were 66.7% and 73.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The profile of gut microbiota associated with the presence of HCC in cirrhotic patients is characterized by increased fecal counts of E coli. Therefore, intestinal overgrowth of E coli may contribute to the process of hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grąt
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - K M Wronka
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Krasnodębski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ł Masior
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Lewandowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Kosińska
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Grąt
- Second Department of Clinical Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Stypułkowski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Rejowski
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Wasilewicz
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Gałęcka
- Institute of Microecology, Poznań, Poland
| | - P Szachta
- Institute of Microecology, Poznań, Poland
| | - M Krawczyk
- Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Mohs A, Kuttkat N, Reißing J, Zimmermann HW, Sonntag R, Proudfoot A, Youssef SA, de Bruin A, Cubero FJ, Trautwein C. Functional role of CCL5/RANTES for HCC progression during chronic liver disease. J Hepatol 2017; 66:743-753. [PMID: 28011329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS During liver inflammation, triggering fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis immune cells play a pivotal role. In the present study we investigated the role of CCL5 in human and in murine models of chronic liver inflammation leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. METHODS CCL5 expression and its receptors were studied in well-defined patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and in two murine inflammation based HCC models. The role of CCL5 in inflammation, fibrosis, tumor initiation and progression was analyzed in different cell populations of NEMOΔhepa/CCL5-/- animals and after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). For therapeutic intervention Evasin-4 was injected for 24h or 8weeks. RESULTS In CLD patients, CCL5 and its receptor CCR5 are overexpressed - an observation confirmed in the Mdr2-/- and NEMOΔhepa model. CCL5 deletion in NEMOΔhepa mice diminished hepatocyte apoptosis, compensatory proliferation and fibrogenesis due to reduced immune cell infiltration. Especially, CD45+/Ly6G+ granulocytes, CD45+/CD11b+/Gr1.1+/F4/80+ pro-inflammatory monocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased. One year old NEMOΔhepa/CCL5-/- mice displayed smaller and less malignant tumors, characterized by reduced proliferative capacity and less pronounced angiogenesis. We identified hematopoietic cells as the main source of CCL5, while CCL5 deficiency did not sensitise NEMOΔhepa hepatocytes towards TNFα induced apoptosis. Finally, therapeutic intervention with Evasin-4 over a period of 8weeks ameliorated liver disease progression. CONCLUSION We identified an important role of CCL5 in human and functionally in mice with disease progression, especially HCC development. A novel approach to inhibit CCL5 in vivo thus appears encouraging for patients with CLD. LAY SUMMARY Our present study identifies the essential role of the chemoattractive cytokine CCL5 for liver disease progression and especially hepatocellular carcinoma development in men and mice. Finally, the inhibition of CCL5 appears to be encouraging for therapy of human chronic liver disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Chemokine CCL5/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CCL5/deficiency
- Chemokine CCL5/genetics
- Chemokine CCL5/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Hematopoiesis/immunology
- Hepatitis, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis, Chronic/genetics
- Hepatitis, Chronic/immunology
- Humans
- Liver Cirrhosis/etiology
- Liver Cirrhosis/immunology
- Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/etiology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/etiology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR5/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Mohs
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Kuttkat
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johanna Reißing
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Roland Sonntag
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Amanda Proudfoot
- Merck Serono Geneva Research Centre, Case postale 54, chemin des Mines 9, Geneva CH-1211 20, Switzerland
| | - Sameh A Youssef
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, NL-9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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Mteyrek A, Filipski E, Guettier C, Oklejewicz M, van der Horst GTJ, Okyar A, Lévi F. Critical cholangiocarcinogenesis control by cryptochrome clock genes. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:2473-2483. [PMID: 28224616 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A coordinated network of molecular circadian clocks in individual cells generates 24-hr rhythms in liver metabolism and proliferation. Circadian disruption through chronic jet lag or Per2 clock gene mutation was shown to accelerate hepatocarcinoma development in mice. As divergent effects were reported for clock genes Per and Cry regarding xenobiotic toxicity, we questioned the role of Cry1 and Cry2 in liver carcinogenesis. Male WT and Cry1-/- Cry2-/- mice (C57Bl/6 background) were chronically exposed to diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at ZT11. Rest-activity and body temperature rhythms were monitored using an implanted radiotransmitter. Serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT) were determined on four occasions during the progression stage. After 7 months, serum alkaline phosphatases (ALP) were determined, and livers were sampled for microscopic tumor nodule counting and histopathology. Five months after initiation of DEN treatment, we found that Cry1-/- Cry2-/- mice developed severe liver dysplasia, as evident from the increased AST, ALT and ALP levels, as compared to WT mice. DEN exposure induced primary liver cancers in nearly fivefold as many Cry1-/- Cry2-/- mice as compared to WT mice (p = 0.01). Microscopic study revealed no difference in the average number of hepatocarcinomas and a nearly eightfold increase in the average number of cholangiocarcinomas in Cry1-/- Cry2-/- mice, as compared to WT mice. This study validated the hypothesis that molecular circadian clock disruption dramatically increased chemically induced liver carcinogenesis. In addition, the pronounced shift toward cholangiocarcinoma in DEN exposed Cry1-/- Cry2-/- mice revealed a critical role of the Cry clock genes in bile duct carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mteyrek
- INSERM and Paris Sud university, UMRS 935, Team "Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver", Campus CNRS, Villejuif, F-94807, France
| | - Elisabeth Filipski
- INSERM and Paris Sud university, UMRS 935, Team "Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver", Campus CNRS, Villejuif, F-94807, France
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Villejuif, F-94800, France
| | - Malgorzata Oklejewicz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alper Okyar
- Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy, Beyazit, Istanbul, TR-34116, Turkey
| | - Francis Lévi
- INSERM and Paris Sud university, UMRS 935, Team "Cancer Chronotherapy and Postoperative Liver", Campus CNRS, Villejuif, F-94807, France.,Department of Medical Oncology and Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Villejuif, F-94800, France.,Warwick Medical School, Cancer Chronotherapy Unit, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Morris MK, Clarke DC, Osimiri LC, Lauffenburger DA. Systematic Analysis of Quantitative Logic Model Ensembles Predicts Drug Combination Effects on Cell Signaling Networks. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2016; 5:544-553. [PMID: 27567007 PMCID: PMC5080650 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in developing anticancer therapies is determining the efficacies of drugs and their combinations in physiologically relevant microenvironments. We describe here our application of "constrained fuzzy logic" (CFL) ensemble modeling of the intracellular signaling network for predicting inhibitor treatments that reduce the phospho-levels of key transcription factors downstream of growth factors and inflammatory cytokines representative of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) microenvironments. We observed that the CFL models successfully predicted the effects of several kinase inhibitor combinations. Furthermore, the ensemble predictions revealed ambiguous predictions that could be traced to a specific structural feature of these models, which we resolved with dedicated experiments, finding that IL-1α activates downstream signals through TAK1 and not MEKK1 in HepG2 cells. We conclude that CFL-Q2LM (Querying Quantitative Logic Models) is a promising approach for predicting effective anticancer drug combinations in cancer-relevant microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Morris
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D C Clarke
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L C Osimiri
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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46
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Mixed – Lineage Protein kinases (MLKs) in inflammation, metabolism, and other disease states. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1581-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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47
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Monocytes promote liver carcinogenesis in an oncogene-specific manner. J Hepatol 2016; 64:881-90. [PMID: 26639397 PMCID: PMC4799762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The leukocyte composition of tumors is heterogeneous, as is the involvement of each leukocyte subset in promoting or restraining tumorigenesis. This heterogeneity reflects the tissue of origin, tumor stage, and the functional state of leukocyte activation, but its biological roots remain poorly understood. Since tumorigenesis is driven by various genetic events, we assessed the role of driver genes in shaping the profiles and the roles of leukocytes in tumorigenesis. METHODS Mouse liver tumors were induced by hepatic overexpression of either MYC or the combination of myristoylated AKT and NRAS(V12) oncogenes via hydrodynamic transfection. A comparative, flow cytometry- and histology-based immunophenotyping of liver-infiltrating leukocytes was performed at various stages of liver tumorigenesis. The roles of the most abundant leukocyte subsets in tumorigenesis were addressed by immunodepletion. The contribution of liver injury was assessed by comparing the injury-inducing hydrodynamic transfection model to a model in which MYC is an inducible transgene. RESULTS Myristoylated AKT and NRAS(V12) promoted a marked recruitment of CD11b(+)Ly6G(hi)Ly6C(int) neutrophils and CD11b(+)Ly6G(-)Ly6C(hi) monocytes to the liver, but their immunodepletion did not alter tumorigenesis. In contrast, despite minimal invasion by monocytes/neutrophils during MYC-driven tumorigenesis, immunodepletion of these cells reduced MYC tumor burden and extended survival. MYC-driven tumor initiation was augmented specifically by Ly6C+ monocytes and their ability to promote liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that leukocyte profiles do not necessarily predict their involvement in tumorigenesis, the functional role of leukocytes can be shaped by oncogenes, and that monocyte-dependent tissue injury selectively cooperates with MYC during tumorigenesis.
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48
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Han MS, Barrett T, Brehm MA, Davis RJ. Inflammation Mediated by JNK in Myeloid Cells Promotes the Development of Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Rep 2016; 15:19-26. [PMID: 27052181 PMCID: PMC4826851 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cJun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is required for the development of hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A role for JNK in liver parenchymal cells has been proposed, but more recent studies have implicated non-parenchymal liver cells as the relevant site of JNK signaling. Here, we tested the hypothesis that myeloid cells mediate this function of JNK. We show that mice with myeloid cell-specific JNK deficiency exhibit reduced hepatic inflammation and suppression of both hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. These data identify myeloid cells as a site of pro-inflammatory signaling by JNK that can promote liver pathology. Targeting myeloid cells with a drug that inhibits JNK may therefore provide therapeutic benefit for the treatment of inflammation-related liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Sook Han
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tamera Barrett
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Michael A Brehm
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Roger J Davis
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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49
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Woo K, Stewart SG, Kong GS, Finch-Edmondson ML, Dwyer BJ, Yeung SY, Abraham LJ, Kampmann SS, Diepeveen LA, Passman AM, Elsegood CL, Tirnitz-Parker JEE, Callus BA, Olynyk JK, Yeoh GCT. Identification of a thalidomide derivative that selectively targets tumorigenic liver progenitor cells and comparing its effects with lenalidomide and sorafenib. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 120:275-83. [PMID: 27208658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The availability of non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic liver progenitor cell (LPC) lines affords a method to screen putative anti-liver cancer agents to identify those that are selectively effective. To prove this principle we tested thalidomide and a range of its derivatives and compared them to lenalidomide and sorafenib, to assess their growth-inhibitory effects. METHODS Cell growth, the mitotic and apoptotic index of cell cultures were measured using the Cellavista instrument (SynenTec) using commercially available reagents. RESULTS Neither lenalidomide nor thalidomide (100 μM) affected tumorigenic LPCs but killed their non-tumorigenic counterparts. Sorafenib arrested growth in both cell types. All but two derivatives of thalidomide were ineffective; of the two effective derivatives, one (thalidomide C1) specifically affected the tumorigenic cell line (10 μM). Mitotic and apoptotic analyses revealed that thalidomide C1 induced apoptotic cell death and not mitotic arrest. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that screens incorporating non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic liver cell lines are a sound approach to identify agents that are effective and selective. A high throughput instrument such as the Cellavista affords robust and reproducible objective measurements with a large number of replicates that are reliable. These experiments show that neither lenalidomide nor thalidomide are potentially useful for anti-liver cancer therapy as they kill non-tumorigenic liver cells and not their tumorigenic counterparts. Sorafenib in contrast, is highly effective, but not selective. One tested thalidomide derivative has potential as an anti-tumor drug since it induced growth arrest; and importantly, it selectively induced apoptotic cell death only in tumorigenic liver progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Woo
- The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Scott G Stewart
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Geraldine S Kong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Megan L Finch-Edmondson
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Dwyer
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sing Y Yeung
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Lawrence J Abraham
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sven S Kampmann
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Luke A Diepeveen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Adam M Passman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Caryn L Elsegood
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Janina E E Tirnitz-Parker
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle, WA 6959, Australia
| | - Bernard A Callus
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, WA 6959, Australia
| | - John K Olynyk
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Bull Creek, WA, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia; School of Veterinary Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - George C T Yeoh
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; The Centre for Medical Research, The Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
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50
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Ion Channels and Oxidative Stress as a Potential Link for the Diagnosis or Treatment of Liver Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3928714. [PMID: 26881024 PMCID: PMC4736365 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3928714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from a disturbed balance between oxidation and antioxidant systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) may be either harmful or beneficial to the cells. Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that participate in a large variety of cellular functions and have been implicated in the development of a variety of diseases. A significant amount of the available drugs in the market targets ion channels. These proteins have sulfhydryl groups of cysteine and methionine residues in their structure that can be targeted by ROS and RNS altering channel function including gating and conducting properties, as well as the corresponding signaling pathways associated. The regulation of ion channels by ROS has been suggested to be associated with some pathological conditions including liver diseases. This review focuses on understanding the role and the potential association of ion channels and oxidative stress in liver diseases including fibrosis, alcoholic liver disease, and cancer. The potential association between ion channels and oxidative stress conditions could be used to develop new treatments for major liver diseases.
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