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Cheng K, Xu X, Song J, Chen Y, Kan Z, Li C. Molecular dynamics simulations of choline chloride and ascorbic acid deep eutectic solvents: Investigation of structural and dynamics properties. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 130:108784. [PMID: 38692127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and ascorbic acid (AA) were investigated using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The analyses of the configuration, radial distribution function (RDFs), coordination number, spatial distribution function (SDFs), interaction energies, hydrogen bond number, and self-diffusion coefficient of the ChCl/AA binary systems of different concentrations showed that the stability of the hydrogen bond network and the mutual attraction between systems were the strongest at the experimental eutectic concentration (molar ratio of 2:1). In our simulated temperature range from 303.15 to 353.15 K, the hydrogen bonding network of ChCl/AA DES does not undergo considerable alterations, indicating that its stability was insensitive to temperature. In addition, the influence of the water content on the ChCl/AA DES system was further investigated. The simulated results revealed that the water molecules could disrupt the formation of the hydrogen bonding network by occupyin positions that are essential for the formation of hydrogen bonds within the DES system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xuchen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jilun Song
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zigui Kan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Caolong Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Kim P, Weeraratna C, Nemšák S, Dias N, Lemmens AK, Wilson KR, Ahmed M. Interfacial Nanostructure and Hydrogen Bond Networks of Choline Chloride and Glycerol Mixtures Probed with X-ray and Vibrational Spectroscopies. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3002-3010. [PMID: 38457923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The molecular distribution at the liquid-vapor interface and evolution of the hydrogen bond interactions in mixtures of glycerol and choline chloride are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Nanoscale depth profiles of supersaturated deep eutectic solvent (DES) mixtures up to ∼2 nm measured by ambient-pressure XPS show the enhancement of choline cation (Ch+) concentration by a factor of 2 at the liquid-vapor interface compared to the bulk. In addition, Raman spectral analysis of a wide range of DES mixtures reveals the conversion of gauche-conformer Ch+ into the anti-conformer in relatively lower ChCl concentrations. Finally, the depletion of Ch+ from the interface (probing depth = 0.4 nm) is demonstrated by aerosol-based velocity map imaging XPS measurements of glyceline and water mixtures. The nanostructure of liquid-vapor interfaces and structural rearrangement by hydration can provide critical insight into the molecular origin of the deep eutectic behavior and gas-capturing application of DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyeongeun Kim
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Chaya Weeraratna
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Slavomír Nemšák
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Nureshan Dias
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexander K Lemmens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kevin R Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Gundupalli MP, Cheenkachorn K, Chuetor S, Kirdponpattara S, Gundupalli SP, Show PL, Sriariyanun M. Assessment of pure, mixed and diluted deep eutectic solvents on Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus): Compositional and characterization studies of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 306:120599. [PMID: 36746569 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment with pure, mixed, and diluted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was evaluated for its effect on Napier grass through compositional and characterization studies. The morphological changes of biomass caused by pretreatment were analyzed by FTIR and XRD. The cellulose and hemicellulose content after pretreatment using mixed DES increased and decreased 1.29- and 4.25-fold, respectively, when compared to untreated Napier grass. The crystallinity index (CrI. %) of mixed DES sample increased due to the maximum removal of hemicellulose (76 %) and delignification of 62 %. The material costs of ChCl/FA and ChCl/LA for a single run are ≈2.16 USD and ≈1.65 USD, respectively. Pure DES showed that ChCl/LA pretreatment enhanced delignification efficiency and that ChCl/FA increased hemicellulose removal. It was estimated that a single run using ChCl/LA:ChCl/FA to achieve maximum hemicellulose and lignin removal would cost approximately ≈1.89 USD. Future work will evaluate the effect of DES mixture on enzyme digestibility and ethanol production from Napier grass. HYPOTHESES: Deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment studies on the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass have grown exponentially. The use of pure and diluted DES has been reported to improve saccharification efficiency, delignification, and cellulose retention (Gundupalli et al., 2022). These studies have reported maximum lignin removal but also a lower effect on hemicellulose removal from lignocellulosic biomass. It was hypothesized that mixing two pure DESs could result in maximum removal of hemicellulose and lignin after pretreatment. To our knowledge, no studies have been performed to investigate the efficiency of pretreatment using a DES mixture and compared the outcome with pure and diluted DESs. Furthermore, it was hypothesized that using two pure DESs in a mixed form could lower the material cost for each experimental run. Process efficiency was determined by compositional, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Avenues for future research include determining glucose and ethanol yields during the enzymatic saccharification and fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marttin Paulraj Gundupalli
- Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kraipat Cheenkachorn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Santi Chuetor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Suchata Kirdponpattara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | | | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Malinee Sriariyanun
- Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Jasmine A, Rajendran M, Thirunavukkarasu K, Abinandan S, Vaidyanathan VK, Krishnamurthi T. Microwave-assisted alkali pre-treatment medium for fractionation of rice straw and catalytic conversion to value-added 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and lignin production. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123999. [PMID: 36906211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the use of microwave-assisted sodium hydroxide medium (MWSH) for pre-treatment and saccharification of rice straw to obtain sugar syrup for the production of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) was investigated. The optimization of the MWSH pre-treatment was carried out using central composite methodology, resulting in a maximum reducing sugar yield of 350 mg/g of treated rice straw (TRS) and a glucose yield of 255 mg/g of TRS under the conditions of a microwave power of 681 W, a NaOH concentration of 0.54 M, and a pre-treatment time of 3 min. Additionally, the microwave assisted transformation of sugar syrup with titanium magnetic silica nanoparticle as catalyst, producing 41.1 % yield of 5-HMF from the sugar syrup after 30 min microwave irradiation at 120 °C with catalyst loading of 2.0:200 (w/v)). The structural characterization of the lignin was analysed using 1H NMR techniques, and the surface carbon (C1s spectra) and oxygen (O1s spectra) composition changes of the rice straw during pre-treatment were analysed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The rice straw based bio-refinery process which contains MWSH pretreatment followed by dehydration of sugars achieved high efficiency of 5-HMF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Jasmine
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Muruganantham Rajendran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Kavin Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Sudharsanam Abinandan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Tamilarasan Krishnamurthi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India.
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Sun LL, Yue Z, Sun SC, Li Y, Cao XF, Sun SN. Microwave-assisted choline chloride/1,2-propanediol/methyl isobutyl ketone biphasic system for one-pot fractionation and valorization of Eucalyptus biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128392. [PMID: 36435421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The developing of pretreatment method to break the biomass barrier of lignocellulosic is a challenging task for achieve high value utilization. A fast microwave-assisted choline chloride/1,2-propanediol/methyl isobutyl ketone biphasic system was constructed for pretreating Eucalyptus to the production of furfural and cellulose-rich residues and the extraction of lignin. Results showed that the combination of AlCl3·6H2O and HCl had the best catalytic ability for furfural production among the examined catalysts. Under the optimal conditions (140 °C, 15 min, 0.075 M AlCl3·6H2O, 0.05 M HCl), the furfural yield of 55.4 %, the glucose yield of 90.3 % and the delignification rate of 92.4 % could be achieved. Moreover, the extracted lignin samples with a low polydispersity (1.55-1.73) and molecular weight (1380-2040 g/mol) are promising to act as precursor for the value-add products processing. These findings demonstrated an ultrafast pretreatment process with excellent results in biomass fractionation and comprehensive utilization of biomass components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuang Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Chao Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xue-Fei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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6
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Ullah A, Zhang Y, Liu C, Qiao Q, Shao Q, Shi J. Process intensification strategies for green solvent mediated biomass pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128394. [PMID: 36442603 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Demonstrated to be highly effective for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, deep eutectic solvent (DES) has attracted increasing attention owing to its advantages of simple synthesis, relatively low chemical cost, and better biocompatibility as compared to certain ionic liquids. Here we provide a critical review of the status of the design/selection of DES for the pretreatment of biomass feedstocks with an emphasis on the process intensification strategies: 1) integration of microwave, ultrasound, and high solid extrusion for pretreating biomass, 2) one-pot DES pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation, 3) strategies for DES recycling and product recovery; and 4) recent progress on molecular simulations toward understanding the interactions between DES and biomass compounds such as lignin and cellulose. Lastly, we provide perspectives toward cost-effective, continuous, high-solid, environmental-benign, and industrial-relevant applications and point to future research directions to address the challenges associated with DES pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahamed Ullah
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - Qing Shao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.
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Yiin CL, Odita EB, Mun Lock SS, Cheah KW, Chan YH, Wong MK, Chin BLF, Quitain AT, Loh SK, Yusup S. A review on potential of green solvents in hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128075. [PMID: 36220532 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in biorefinery is to reduce biomass' recalcitrance and enable valorization of lignin into higher value compounds. Likewise, green solvents and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) with feasible economic viability, functionality, and environmental sustainability have been widely introduced in extraction and conversion of lignin. This review starts with the underscore of disadvantages and limitations of conventional pretreatment approaches and role of green solvents in lignin extraction. Subsequently, the effect of process parameters along with the reaction mechanisms and kinetics on conversion of lignin through HTL were comprehensively reviewed. The limitations of green solvents in extraction and HTL of lignin from biomass were discussed based on the current advancements of the field and future research scopes were also proposed. More details info on HTL of biomass derived lignin which avoid the energy-intensive drying procedures are crucial for the accelerated development and deployment of the advanced lignin biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Loong Yiin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institute of Renewable and Sustainable Energy (ISuRE), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Elatta Bin Odita
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Serene Sow Mun Lock
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
| | - Kin Wai Cheah
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mee Kee Wong
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bridgid Lai Fui Chin
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, 250 CDT, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia; Energy and Environment Research Cluster, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, 250 CDT, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Armando T Quitain
- Center for International Education, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Soh Kheang Loh
- Energy and Environment Unit, Engineering and Processing Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Yusup
- Fuel and Combustion Section, Generation Unit, Department of Generation & Environment, Tenaga Nasional Berhad Research (TNBR) Sdn Bhd, No. 1, Kawasan Institusi Penyelidikan, Jalan Ayer Hitam, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zhang X, Zhu P, Li Q, Xia H. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Furfural in Deep Eutectic Solvents. Front Chem 2022; 10:911674. [PMID: 35615315 PMCID: PMC9124943 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.911674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose is recognized as an ideal raw material for biorefinery as it may be converted into biofuels and value-added products through a series of chemical routes. Furfural, a bio-based platform chemical generated from lignocellulosic biomass, has been identified as a very versatile alternative to fossil fuels. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are new “green” solvents, which have been employed as green and cheap alternatives to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs), with the advantages of low cost, low toxicity, and biodegradability, and also have been proven to be effective media for the synthesis of biomass-derived chemicals. This review summarizes the recent advances in the conversion of carbohydrates to furfural in DES solvent systems, which mainly focus on the effect of adding different catalysts to the DES system, including metal halides, water, solid acid catalyst, and certain oxides, on the production of furfural. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives of DES-assisted furfural synthesis in biorefinery systems are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinfang Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haian Xia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Haian Xia,
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Luo J, Shan F, Yang S, Zhou Y, Liang C. Boosting the catalytic behavior and stability of a gold catalyst with structure regulated by ceria. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1384-1392. [PMID: 35425170 PMCID: PMC8978899 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07686h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of colloidal gold nanoparticles with controllable sizes were anchored on carbon nanotubes (CNT) for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. The intrinsic influence of Au particles on the catalytic behavior was unraveled based on different nanoscale-gold systems. The Au/CNT-A sample with smaller Au sizes deserved a faster reaction rate, mainly resulting from the higher dispersion degree (23.5%) of Au with the available exposed sites contributed by small gold particles. However, monometallic Au/CNT samples lacked long-term stability. CeO2 was herein decorated to regulate the chemical and surface structure of the Au/CNT. An appropriate CeO2 content tuned the sizes and chemical states of Au by electron delivery with better metal dispersion. Small CeO2 crystals that were preferentially neighboring the Au particles facilitated the generation of Au-CeO2 interfaces, and benefited the continuous supplementation of oxygen species. The collaborative functions between the size effect and surface chemistry accounted for the higher benzaldehyde yield and sustainably stepped-up reaction rates by Au-Ce5/CNT with 5 wt% CeO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Luo
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Catalytic Engineering (AMCE), School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China +86-411-84986353 +86-411-84986353
| | - Fengxiang Shan
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Catalytic Engineering (AMCE), School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China +86-411-84986353 +86-411-84986353
| | - Sihan Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Catalytic Engineering (AMCE), School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China +86-411-84986353 +86-411-84986353
| | - Yixue Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Catalytic Engineering (AMCE), School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China +86-411-84986353 +86-411-84986353
| | - Changhai Liang
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Catalytic Engineering (AMCE), School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Panjin 124221 China +86-411-84986353 +86-411-84986353
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10
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Strengthening Cellulose Nanopaper via Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Induced Surface Disordering of Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010078. [PMID: 35012101 PMCID: PMC8747671 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The route for the preparation of cellulose nanofiber dispersions from bacterial cellulose using ethylene glycol- or glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) is demonstrated. Choline chloride was used as a hydrogen bond acceptor and the effect of the combined influence of DES treatment and ultrasound on the thermal and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BC-NFs) is demonstrated. It was found that the maximal Young’s modulus (9.2 GPa) is achieved for samples prepared using a combination of ethylene glycol-based DES and ultrasound treatment. Samples prepared with glycerol-based DES combined with ultrasound exhibit the maximal strength (132 MPa). Results on the mechanical properties are discussed based on the structural investigations that were performed using FTIR, Raman, WAXD, SEM and AFM measurements, as well as the determination of the degree of polymerization and the density of BC-NF packing during drying with the formation of paper. We propose that the disordering of the BC-NF surface structure along with the preservation of high crystallinity bulk are the key factors leading to the improved mechanical and thermal characteristics of prepared BC-NF-based papers.
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Nivedha M, Manisha M, Gopinath M, Baskar G, Tamilarasan K. Fractionation, characterization, and economic evaluation of alkali lignin from saw industry waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125260. [PMID: 34015566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was focused on the investigation of lignin isolation from saw industry biomass (sawdust (SD)) using alkali solution, and to perform economic analysis for 2000 kg/batch hypothetical plant using techno-economic analysis. The isolated lignin was fractionated using organic solvent to obtain purified lignin. FTIR and 1H NMR analysis were performed to examine the structural characteristics of lignin. Lignin nanoparticles (LN) showed higher total phenolic content (TPC) (244.1 ± 2 µg of GAE per mg) and antioxidant activity (63.2 ± 1.7%) compared with crude lignin (CL), ethanol fractionated lignin (EL), and acetone fractionated lignin (AL). SuperPro designer was exposed to design and simulated 2000 kg/batch of sawdust fractionation process. The techno-economic analysis estimated that the lignin production cost is about $ 487,000 per year, and the annual revenue could be $ 1,850,000 per year. The techno-economic analysis and sensitivity analysis could be useful for the industrial level sawdust fractionation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Nivedha
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai-600 062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhusudhanan Manisha
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai-600 062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Margavelu Gopinath
- Department of Biotechnology, Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai-600 062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurunathan Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St.Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai-600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yiin CL, Yap KL, Ku AZE, Chin BLF, Lock SSM, Cheah KW, Loy ACM, Chan YH. Recent advances in green solvents for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment: Potential of choline chloride (ChCl) based solvents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125195. [PMID: 33932810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biomass wastes exhibit a great potential to be used as a source of non-depleting renewable energy and synthesis of value-added products. The key to the valorization of excess lignocellulosic biomass wastes in the world lies on the pretreatment process to recalcitrant barrier of the lignocellulosic material for the access to useful substrates. A wide range of pretreatment techniques are available and advances in this field is continuously happening, in search for cheap, effective, and environmentally friendly methods. This review starts with an introduction to conventional approaches and green solvents for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Subsequently, the mechanism of actions along with the advantages and disadvantages of pretreatment techniques were reviewed. The roles of choline chloride (ChCl) in green solvents and their potential applications were also comprehensively reviewed. The collection of ideas in this review serve as an insight for future works or interest on biomass-to-energy conversion using green solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Loong Yiin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Kok Liang Yap
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Andrian Zi En Ku
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Bridgid Lai Fui Chin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Sarawak Campus, Curtin University Malaysia, Miri 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Serene Sow Mun Lock
- CO(2) Research Center (CO2RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.
| | - Kin Wai Cheah
- Energy and Environment Institute, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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