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Zhou H, Hu YY, Tang ZX, Jiang ZB, Huang J, Zhang T, Shen HY, Ye XP, Huang XY, Wang X, Zhou T, Bai XL, Zhu Q, Shi LE. Calcium Transport and Enrichment in Microorganisms: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:3612. [PMID: 39594028 PMCID: PMC11593130 DOI: 10.3390/foods13223612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a vital trace element for the human body, and its deficiency can result in a range of pathological conditions, including rickets and osteoporosis. Despite the numerous types of calcium supplements currently available on the market, these products are afflicted with a number of inherent deficiencies, such as low calcium content, poor aqueous solubility, and low human absorption rate. Many microorganisms, particularly beneficial microorganisms, including edible fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast, are capable of absorbing and enriching calcium, a phenomenon that has been widely documented. This opens the door to the potential utilization of microorganisms as novel calcium enrichment carriers. However, the investigation of calcium-rich foods from microorganisms still faces many obstacles, including a poor understanding of calcium metabolic pathways in microorganisms, a relatively low calcium enrichment rate, and the slow growth of strains. Therefore, in order to promote the development of calcium-rich products from microorganisms, this paper provides an overview of the impacts of calcium addition on strain growth, calcium enrichment rate, antioxidant system, and secondary metabolite production. Additionally, it highlights calcium transport and enrichment mechanisms in microorganism cells and offers a detailed account of the progress made on calcium-binding proteins, calcium transport pathways, and calcium storage and release. This paper offers insights for further research on the relevant calcium enrichment in microorganism cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yan-Yu Hu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhen-Xing Tang
- School of Culinary Art, Tourism College of Zhejiang, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Zhong-Bao Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Hui-Yang Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xin-Pei Ye
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xuan-Ya Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xue-Lian Bai
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Lu-E Shi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (H.Z.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Z.-B.J.); (J.H.); (T.Z.); (H.-Y.S.); (X.-P.Y.); (X.-Y.H.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (X.-L.B.); (Q.Z.)
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Hanna V, Abd El-Ghany MN, Ibrahim MIM, Abdel-Rahman TM, Tallima H. Novel Approaches to Mortierella alpina Identification and Arachidonic Acid Production Optimization. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34456-34463. [PMID: 39157088 PMCID: PMC11325418 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA) is an integral constituent of cell structures and is instrumental for the nervous, muscular, and immune systems' functions. The sore need for this nutrient may be fulfilled via production based on the fungus Mortierella alpina. The identity of the M. alpina culture obtained from Assiut University, Egypt, was confirmed based on internal transcribed spacer DNA barcoding and elongation enzyme RNA sequencing. Liquid media glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, and diverse micronutritional factors were adjusted for optimal biomass and ARA production. Shake flask cultivation at 25 °C for 7 days produced around 0.570 g of ARA per liter of culture. M. alpina treatment using mutagen 5-fluorouracil and octyl gallate-supplemented glucose-yeast-agar screening plates and shake-flask incubation at 25 °C, then at 20 °C, followed by aging at 10 °C, led to >3 g ARA/liter culture, a yield considered suitable for potential commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette
S. Hanna
- Biotechnology
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed I. M. Ibrahim
- Food
Toxicology and Contaminant Department, National
Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Tahany M. Abdel-Rahman
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hatem Tallima
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Cairo, Egypt
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Effect of Sea Salt and Taro Waste on Fungal Mortierella alpina Cultivation for Arachidonic Acid-Rich Lipid Production. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (ARA), an important polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), acts as a precursor for eicosanoid hormones, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and other biological substances in human and animal bodies. Mortierella alpina is considered to be a potential strain for ARA production. Using agricultural waste as a substrate for microbial fermentation could achieve biorefinery concepts, and sea water utilization of the cultivation process could help to conserve fresh water resources. The objectives of this study were to find a potential M. alpina strain for ARA production, to investigate the tolerance of salinity and to evaluate the feasibility of the taro waste hydrolysate for M. alpina cultivation. The result showed that M. alpina FU30797 had the highest lipid content (25.97%) and ARA ratio (34.60%) among three strains. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between 0 and 10 g/L of sea salt solution on the biomass concentration and lipid content of M. alpina FU30797. The acidic hydrolysate and enzymatic hydrolysate of taro peel waste (TPW) were both utilized as culture substrates by M. alpina FU30797; however, the substrate up-take rate and lipid content in the TPW enzymatic hydrolysate cultivation were 292.33 mg/L-h and 30.68%, respectively, which are higher than those in acidic hydrolysate cultivation, and the ARA ratio was 33.05% in the enzymatic hydrolysate cultivation. From fed-batch cultivation in the bioreactor, the lipid content and ARA ratio reached 36.97% and 46.04%, respectively. In summary, the results from this project could potentially provide useful information for developing the PUFA-ARA bioprocess by using M. alpina.
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Rayaroth A, Tomar RS, Mishra RK. One step selection strategy for optimization of media to enhance arachidonic acid production under solid state fermentation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Li L, Liang T, Liu W, Liu Y, Ma F. A Comprehensive Review of the Mycelial Pellet: Research Status, Applications, and Future Prospects. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, China
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Taojie Liang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, China
| | - Wanmeng Liu
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150020, China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Production of High-Value Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Using Microbial Cultures. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 31148133 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9484-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbes can produce not only commodity fatty acids, such as palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), but also high-value fatty acids (essential fatty acids). Most high value fatty acids belong to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) and omega-6 fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid (ARA) and γ-linolenic acid (GLA)). EPA (20:5n-3) is a 20-carbon fatty acid with five double bonds, and the first double bond is in the n-3 position. DHA (22:6n-3) is a 22-carbon fatty acid with 6 double bonds and the first double bond is also in the n-3 position. Both EPA and DHA play an essential role in cardiovascular health including prevention of atherosclerotic disease development (Zehr and Walker, Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 134:131-140, 2018). ARA (20:4n-6) is a 20-carbon fatty acid with four double bonds, and the first double bond is in the n-6 position. GLA (18:3n-6) is an 18-carbon fatty acid with three double bonds, and the first double bond is in the n-6 position. ARA and GLA have multiple biological effects, such as lowering blood cholesterol, and lowering cardiovascular mortality (Poli and Visioli, Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 117(11):1847-1852, 2015). This chapter provides details on microbial production of EAP, DHA, ARA, and GLA.
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Kawashima H. Intake of arachidonic acid-containing lipids in adult humans: dietary surveys and clinical trials. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:101. [PMID: 30992005 PMCID: PMC6469145 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) have important roles in physiological homeostasis. Numerous studies have provided extensive information about the roles of n-3 LCPUFA, such as docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Arachidonic acid (ARA) is one of the major n-6 LCPUFAs and its biological aspects have been well studied. However, nutritional information for ARA is limited, especially in adult humans. This review presents a framework of dietary ARA intake and the effects of ARA supplementation on LCPUFA metabolism in adult humans, and the nutritional significance of ARA and LCPUFA is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawashima
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd., 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan.
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Mamani LDG, Magalhães AI, Ruan Z, Carvalho JCD, Soccol CR. Industrial production, patent landscape, and market trends of arachidonic acid-rich oil of Mortierella alpina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biori.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li X, Yu C, Yao J, Wang Z, Lu S. An Online Respiratory Quotient-Feedback Strategy of Feeding Yeast Extract for Efficient Arachidonic Acid Production by Mortierella alpina. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 5:83. [PMID: 29404320 PMCID: PMC5786879 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortierella alpina (M. alpina) is well known for arachidonic acid (ARA) production. However, low efficiency and unstableness are long existed problems for industrial production of ARA by M. alpina due to the lack of online regulations. The aim of the present work is to develop an online-regulation strategy for efficient and stable ARA production in industry. The strategy was developed in 50 L fermenters and then applied in a 200 m3 fermenter. Results indicated that yeast extract (YE) highly increased cell growth in shake flask, it was then used in bioreactor fermentation by various feeding strategies. Feeding YE to control respiratory quotient (RQ) at 1.1 during 0-48 h and at 1.5 during 48-160 h, dry cell weight, and ARA titer reached 53.1 and 11.49 g/L in 50 L fermenter, which were increased by 79.4 and 36.9% as compared to that without YE feeding, respectively. Then, the online RQ-feedback strategy was applied in 200 m3 bioreactor fermentation and an average ARA titer of 16.82 g/L was obtained from 12 batches, which was 41.0% higher than the control batches. This is the first report on successful application of online RQ-feedback control of YE in ARA production, especially in an industrial scale of 200 m3 fermentation. It could be applied to other industrial production of microbial oil by oleaginous microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Nutrition Chemicals Biosynthetic Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Yu
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Nutrition Chemicals Biosynthetic Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianming Yao
- Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Nutrition Chemicals Biosynthetic Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Nutrition Chemicals Biosynthetic Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuhuan Lu
- CABIO Bioengineering (Wuhan) Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Nutrition Chemicals Biosynthetic Engineering Technology Research Center, Wuhan, China
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Malaiwong N, Yongmanitchai W, Chonudomkul D. Optimization of arachidonic acid production from Mortierella alpina PRAO7-10 by response surface methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anres.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Arachidonic Acid Synthesis in Mortierella alpina: Origin, Evolution and Advancements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-016-0714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ji XJ, Ren LJ, Nie ZK, Huang H, Ouyang PK. Fungal arachidonic acid-rich oil: research, development and industrialization. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2013; 34:197-214. [PMID: 23631634 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.778229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fungal arachidonic acid (ARA)-rich oil is an important microbial oil that affects diverse physiological processes that impact normal health and chronic disease. In this article, the historic developments and technological achievements in fungal ARA-rich oil production in the past several years are reviewed. The biochemistry of ARA, ARA-rich oil synthesis and the accumulation mechanism are first introduced. Subsequently, the fermentation and downstream technologies are summarized. Furthermore, progress in the industrial production of ARA-rich oil is discussed. Finally, guidelines for future studies of fungal ARA-rich oil production are proposed in light of the current progress, challenges and trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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Kakutani S, Ishikura Y, Tateishi N, Horikawa C, Tokuda H, Kontani M, Kawashima H, Sakakibara Y, Kiso Y, Shibata H, Morita I. Supplementation of arachidonic acid-enriched oil increases arachidonic acid contents in plasma phospholipids, but does not increase their metabolites and clinical parameters in Japanese healthy elderly individuals: a randomized controlled study. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:241. [PMID: 22188761 PMCID: PMC3314585 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of arachidonic acid (ARA) among the elderly has recently gained increased attention. The effects of ARA supplementation in the elderly are not fully understood, although ARA is considered to be associated with various diseases. We investigate whether ARA supplementation to Japanese elderly subjects affects clinical parameters involved in cardiovascular, inflammatory, and allergic diseases. We also examine the levels of ARA metabolites such as prostanoids during intervention. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled parallel group intervention trial. ARA-enriched oil (240 or 720 mg ARA per day) or placebo was administered to Japanese healthy men and women aged 55-70 years for 4 weeks followed by a 4-week washout period. The fatty acid contents of plasma phospholipids, clinical parameters, and ARA metabolites were determined at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Results The ARA content in plasma phospholipids in the ARA-administrated groups increased dose-dependently and was almost the same at 2 weeks and at 4 weeks. The elevated ARA content decreased to nearly baseline during a 4-week washout period. During the supplementation and washout periods, no changes were observed in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid contents. There were no changes in clinical blood parameters related to cardiovascular, inflammatory and allergic diseases. ARA supplementation did not alter the level of ARA metabolites such as urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B2, 2,3-dinor-6-keto prostaglandin (PG) F1α and 9,15-dioxo-11α-hydroxy-13,14-dihydro-2,3,4,5-tetranor-prostan-1,20-dioic acid (tetranor-PGEM), and plasma PGE2 and lipoxin A4. ARA in plasma phospholipids was not correlated with ARA metabolite levels in the blood or urine. Conclusion These results indicate that ARA supplementation, even at a relatively high dose, does not increase ARA metabolites, and suggest that it does not induce cardiovascular, inflammatory or allergic diseases in Japanese elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Kakutani
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
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Fermentation Characteristics of Mortierella alpina in Response to Different Nitrogen Sources. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 164:979-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9189-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Optimization of Biomass and Arachidonic Acid Production by Aureispira maritima Using Response Surface Methodology. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-010-1710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Filamentous fungi for production of food additives and processing aids. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008. [PMID: 18253709 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are metabolically versatile organisms with a very wide distribution in nature. They exist in association with other species, e.g. as lichens or mycorrhiza, as pathogens of animals and plants or as free-living species. Many are regarded as nature's primary degraders because they secrete a wide variety of hydrolytic enzymes that degrade waste organic materials. Many species produce secondary metabolites such as polyketides or peptides and an increasing range of fungal species is exploited commercially as sources of enzymes and metabolites for food or pharmaceutical applications. The recent availability of fungal genome sequences has provided a major opportunity to explore and further exploit fungi as sources of enzymes and metabolites. In this review chapter we focus on the use of fungi in the production of food additives but take a largely pre-genomic, albeit a mainly molecular, view of the topic.
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Enhancing arachidonic acid production by Mortierella alpina ME-1 using improved mycelium aging technology. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 32:117-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-008-0229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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A novel two-step fermentation process for improved arachidonic acid production by Mortierella alpina. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:1087-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Revised: 01/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Park EY, Koizumi K, Higashiyama K. Analysis of Morphological Relationship Between Micro- and Macromorphology of Mortierella Species Using a Flow-Through Chamber Coupled with Image Analysis. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2006; 53:199-203. [PMID: 16677343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2006.00094.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using a flow-through chamber coupled with image analysis, the morphological parameters of 11 Mortierella species were quantified, and the relationship between micro- and macromorphology was investigated. On potato-dextrose-agar plates, 5 species formed rose petal-like colonies, 3 formed large round colonies, and 3 formed donut-like colonies. By observing micromorphology in a flow-through chamber, fungi were divided into 3 groups, classified according to morphological parameters: (i) a group with a high branch formation rate (q(b): tip/microm/h) and a low tip extension rate (q(tip): microm/tip/h); (ii) a group with a low branch formation rate and a high tip extension rate; and (iii) a group intermediate between the former and the latter groups. In suspension culture, group (i) fungi formed a hyphal bundle with a pulpy pellet-like morphology and a pellet core. In contrast, group (ii) fungi showed an aggregation of hyphae without the pellet core. In a narrow-specific hyphal growth rate (mu(l)) range (0.35-0.45 h(-1)), a higher branch formation rate led to increased hyphal branching, resulting in the formation of a hyphal bundle with a pulpy pellet-like morphology and a pellet core. When the branch formation rate was lower than 2 x 10(-3) tips/microm/h, the mycelia formed less branched but longer hypha. Our study surmises that a micromorphology consisting of a high hyphal growth rate (0.4 h(-1)), low tip extension rate (20 tips/microm/h), and high branch formation rate (8 x 10(-3) tips/microm/h) forms the suitable macromorphology for arachidonic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
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Optimization of arachidonic acid production by fed-batch culture of Mortierella alpina based on dynamic analysis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hwang BH, Kim JW, Park CY, Park CS, Kim YS, Ryu YW. High-level production of arachidonic acid by fed-batch culture of Mortierella alpina using NH4OH as a nitrogen source and pH control. Biotechnol Lett 2005; 27:731-5. [PMID: 16049743 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-5362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Accepted: 04/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mortierella alpina was grown in a fed-batch culture using a 12-l jar fermenter with an initial 8-l working volume containing 20 g glucose l-1 and 10 g corn-steep powder l-1. Glucose was intermittently fed to give 32 g l-1 at each time. The pH of culture was maintained using 14% (v/v) NH4OH, which also acted as a nitrogen source. A final cell density of 72.5 g l-1 was reached after 12.5 days with a content of arachidonic acid (ARA) at 18.8 g l-1. These values were 4 and 1.8 times higher than the respective values in batch culture. Our results suggest that the combined feeding of glucose and NH4+ to the growth of M. alpina could be applied for the industrial scale production of ARA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hae Hwang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, San5, Woncheong-dong, 442-749, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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SHIMIZU S, SAKURADANI E, OGAWA J. Production of Functional Lipids by Microorganisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.5650/oleoscience.3.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Higashiyama K, Fujikawa S, Park EY, Shimizu S. Production of arachidonic acid byMortierella fungi. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02932833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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TOTANI N, YAMAGUCHI A, YAWATA M, UEDA T. The Role of Morphology during Growth of Mortierella alpina in Arachidonic Acid Production. J Oleo Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.51.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nagao TOTANI
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Kobe-Gakuin University
| | - Ayako YAMAGUCHI
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Kobe-Gakuin University
| | - Miho YAWATA
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Kobe-Gakuin University
| | - Takashi UEDA
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Kobe-Gakuin University
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Aki T, Nagahata Y, Ishihara K, Tanaka Y, Morinaga T, Higashiyama K, Akimoto K, Fujikawa S, Kawamoto S, Shigeta S, Ono K, Suzuki O. Production of arachidonic acid by filamentous fungus,Mortierella alliaceastrain YN-15. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-001-0311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehiro Aki
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yumiko Nagahata
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
- Sagami Chemical Research Center; Sagamihara 229-0012 Kanagawa Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Ishihara
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Yoshio Tanaka
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Tsutomu Morinaga
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
- ; Faculty of Biological Resources; Hiroshima Prefectural University; 562 Shichizuka727-0023 Shobara, Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kenichi Higashiyama
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Shimamoto 618-0001 Mishima, Osaka Japan
| | - Kengo Akimoto
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Shimamoto 618-0001 Mishima, Osaka Japan
| | - Shigeaki Fujikawa
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Shimamoto 618-0001 Mishima, Osaka Japan
| | - Seiji Kawamoto
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Seiko Shigeta
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ono
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter; Hiroshima University; 1-4-1 Kagamiyama 739-8527 Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
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Morphological diversity ofMortierella alpina: Effect of consumed carbon to nitrogen ratio in flask culture. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02932544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of consumed carbon to nitrogen ratio of mycelial morphology and arachidonic acid production in cultures of mortierella alpina. J Biosci Bioeng 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(01)80156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kawashima H, Akimoto K, Higashiyama K, Fujikawa S, Shimizu S. Industrial production of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid by a Δ5 desaturase-defective mutant ofMortierella alpina1S-4 Fungus. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-000-0178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawashima
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Yamazaki 5-2-5, Shimamoto-cho 618-0001 Mishima-gun, Osaka Japan
| | - Kengo Akimoto
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Yamazaki 5-2-5, Shimamoto-cho 618-0001 Mishima-gun, Osaka Japan
| | - Kenichi Higashiyama
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Yamazaki 5-2-5, Shimamoto-cho 618-0001 Mishima-gun, Osaka Japan
| | - Shigeaki Fujikawa
- ; Institute for Fundamental Research; Suntory Ltd.; Yamazaki 5-2-5, Shimamoto-cho 618-0001 Mishima-gun, Osaka Japan
| | - Sakayu Shimizu
- ; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; 606-8502 Kyoto Japan
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Higashiyama K, Sugimoto T, Yonezawa T, Fujikawa S, Asami K. Dielectric analysis for estimation of oil content in the mycelia of Mortierella alpina. Biotechnol Bioeng 1999; 65:537-41. [PMID: 10516579 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19991205)65:5<537::aid-bit6>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The dielectric behavior of the filamentous fungi Mortierella alpina SAM2104 and 1S-4, which produce polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched oil in the mycelia, was investigated. During the cultivation carried out in a 10-kL fermentor for 12-15 days, the relative permittivity and conductivity of the broth were measured in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 30 MHz. The dielectric parameters, i.e., the amplitude of dielectric relaxation (Deltaepsilon) and the characteristic frequency (f(c)), were obtained by fitting the Cole-Cole equation to the observed dielectric relaxation, and the conductivity of the medium (kappa(a)) was also measured. The value of Deltaepsilon gradually increased from the second day through the end of cultivation, suggesting that volume fraction of the cell increased with oil accumulation. The conductivity of the cytoplasm (kappa(i)) was calculated from the experimental values of f(c) and kappa(a), using a theoretical equation based on an ellipsoidal cell model. As a result, good correlation between the calculated kappa(i) and the oil content was obtained. These findings indicate that dielectric analysis enables us to estimate the oil content in the mycelia of oleaginous fungi and also provides a useful tool for monitoring cell growth and for controlling the cultivation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Higashiyama
- Institute for Fundamental Research, Suntory Limited, Yamazaki 5-2-5, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka 618-0001, Japan. Kenichi_Higashiyam @suntory.co.jp
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Higashiyama K, Fujikawa S, Park EY, Okabe M. Image analysis of morphological change during arachidonic acid production by Mortierella alpina 1S-4. J Biosci Bioeng 1999; 87:489-94. [PMID: 16232503 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/1998] [Accepted: 12/24/1998] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The changes in mycelial morphology during arachidonic acid (AA) production by Mortierella alpina 1S-4 were investigated using an image analysis system. Cultivation was performed in a 10-kl fermentor, and the culture broth was separated into two fractions by sieving (0.5 mm aperture size): the filament fraction (F-fraction, <0.5 mm), and the pellet fraction (P-fraction, >0.5 mm). The effect of the mycelial morphology in each fraction on AA production was analyzed. As a result, a product distribution in the culture broth wherein the AA content in the mycelia of the P-fraction was observed to be higher than that in the mycelia of the F-fraction throughout the cultivation. Morphological analysis of the P-fraction revealed that the hairy pellets became smooth because the mycelia on the pellet surface were shaved off; some pellets were broken and reduced in size. The shaved-off mycelia from the hairy pellets surface moved into the F-fraction and aggregated there. From the above findings, it was likely that the low AA content in the F-fraction was due to mycelial damage during the cultivation. In addition, the morphology of the hairy pellets was found to contribute to an increase in the viscosity of culture broth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Higashiyama
- Institute for Fundamental Research, Suntory Limited, 5-2-5 Yamazaki, Osaka 618-0001, Japan
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