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Garcia DR, Fletcher J, Goldsamt L, Bell DL, Zheng Y, Navarra AMD. HIV Syndemic Factor Associations Among Adolescent Gay and Bisexual Men in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2015-2019: A Secondary Data Analysis. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2023; 34:440-458. [PMID: 37603450 PMCID: PMC10528913 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This analysis of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey examined HIV syndemic factor associations (substance use, violence, mental health, and HIV risk behaviors) among adolescent gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men-a population with the highest prevalence of undiagnosed HIV infections. The representative sample ( n = 644) exhibited low condom use (52%) and HIV testing (21%). Adjusted multivariate logistic regression models showed that Blacks were less likely to report HIV testing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.01-0.44], p < .01), whereas Hispanics were more likely to report four or more lifetime sexual partners (aOR = 3.75, 95% CI [1.49-9.44], p < .01), compared with Whites. A syndemic of substance use and intimate partner violence (sexual, sexual dating, and/or physical dating violence) was associated with early intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and drugs/alcohol before intercourse. Multiple syndemic factor exposures were associated with additive risk, suggesting multilevel approaches for HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Garcia
- Provost’s Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason Fletcher
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lloyd Goldsamt
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David L. Bell
- Population and Family Health and Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaguang Zheng
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Gurung S, Jones SS, Mehta K, Budhwani H, MacDonell K, Belzer M, Naar S. Examining Recruitment Strategies in the Enrollment Cascade of Youth Living With HIV: Descriptive Findings From a Nationwide Web-Based Adherence Protocol. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e40077. [PMID: 36745773 PMCID: PMC10131637 DOI: 10.2196/40077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital strategies and broadened eligibility criteria may optimize the enrollment of youth living with HIV in mobile health adaptive interventions. Prior research suggests that digital recruitment strategies are more efficient than traditional methods for overcoming enrollment challenges of youth living with HIV in the United States. OBJECTIVE This study highlights the challenges and strategies that explain screening and enrollment milestones in a national web-based adherence protocol for youth living with HIV. METHODS Baseline data from a national web-based HIV adherence protocol for youth living with HIV, collected from July 2018 to February 2021, were analyzed. A centralized recruitment procedure was developed, which used web-based recruitment via Online Master Screener; paid targeted advertisements on social media platforms (eg, Facebook and Reddit) and geosocial networking dating apps (eg, Grindr and Jack'd); and site and provider referrals from Subject Recruitment Venues and other AIDS service organizations, website referrals, and text-in recruitment. RESULTS A total of 3 distinct cohorts of youth living with HIV were identified, marked by changes in recruitment strategies. Overall, 3270 individuals consented to screening, 2721 completed screening, 581 were eligible, and 83 completed enrollment. We examined sociodemographic and behavioral differences in completing milestones from eligibility to full enrollment (ie, submitting antiretroviral therapy and viral load data and completing the baseline web-based survey). Those with the most recent viral load tests >6 months ago were half as likely to enroll (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.94). Moreover, eligible participants with self-reported antiretroviral therapy adherence (SRA) between 50% and 80% were statistically significant (P<.001 to P=.03) and more likely to enroll than those with SRA >80%. CONCLUSIONS The findings add to our knowledge on the use of digital technologies for youth living with HIV before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide insight into the impact of expanding eligibility criteria on enrollment. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues and the use of and engagement with social media and dating apps among youth living with HIV changes, these platforms should continue to be investigated as potential recruitment tools. Using a wide variety of recruitment strategies such as using social media and dating apps as well as provider referral mechanisms, increasing compensation amounts, and including SRA in enrollment criteria should continue to be studied with respect to their ability to successfully recruit and enroll eligible participants. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/11183.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitaji Gurung
- Department of Health Sciences, New York City College of Technology, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Stephen Scott Jones
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kripa Mehta
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Henna Budhwani
- College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Karen MacDonell
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavorial Science, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Marvin Belzer
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Center for Translational Behavorial Science, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Erdengasileng A, Tian S, Green SS, Naar S, He Z. Using Twitter Data Analysis to Understand the Perceptions, Awareness, and Barriers to the Wide Use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in the United States. PROCEEDINGS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS AND BIOMEDICINE 2022; 2022:3000-3007. [PMID: 36818418 PMCID: PMC9937556 DOI: 10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
User-generated social media posts such as tweets can provide insights about the public's perception, cognitive, and behavioral responses to health-related issues. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of HIV infection. However, its utilization is low in the US, especially among populations disproportionately affected by HIV such as the age group of under 24 years old. It is therefore important to understand the barriers to the wider use of PrEP in the US using social media posts. In this study, we collected tweets from Twitter about PrEP in the past 4 years to identify such barriers by first identifying tweets about personal discussions, and then performing textual analysis using word analysis, UMLS semantic type analysis, and topic modeling. We found that the public often discussed advocacy, risks/benefits, access, pricing, insurance coverage, legislation, stigma, health education, and prevention of HIV. This result is consistent with the literature and can help identify strategies for promoting the use of PrEP, especially among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shubo Tian
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Sara S. Green
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Sylvie Naar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Zhe He
- School of Information, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
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Frederick H, Wade J, Parker S, Wilson D, Wiley B, Taylor K. Understanding Openness to Involvement in Sexual Health Care Research: Narratives from a Sample of Black College Women in the United States. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2022; 59:1122-1132. [PMID: 34874790 PMCID: PMC9170834 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.1994515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about Black college women's openness to participating in sexual health care research. Guided by literature on Black feminism, the current study involved qualitative interviews with 39 Black Women (aged 19-25, mean age 20.7) from one historically Black university and one predominantly white university who answered questions about participating in research on the sexual health of Black women. Results from our thematic analysis found that participants were willing to participate in research when they were recruited by trusted community members, particularly Black female researchers. The women were willing to participate because they saw the value in having Black women's perspectives on sexual health research and improving Black women's lives. We found that participants believed that non-Black women researchers should receive training to increase understanding of the issues facing Black women and create safe and judgment-free spaces to engage Black Women in sexual health research. Participants wanted non-Black female and all male researchers to demonstrate a genuine interest in their lives as Black women. The findings highlight the importance of listening to the perspectives of participants and their experiences with sexual health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helyne Frederick
- Human Development & Family Studies, School of Education, UNC-Chapel Hill
| | - Jeannette Wade
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
| | - Sharon Parker
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
| | - Dorrian Wilson
- School of Education, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Brianna Wiley
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
| | - Kwani Taylor
- Department of Social Work and Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
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Parker JN, Hunter AS, Bauermeister JA, Bonar EE, Carrico A, Stephenson R. Comparing Social Media and In-Person Recruitment: Lessons Learned From Recruiting Substance-Using, Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults for a Randomized Control Trial. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e31657. [PMID: 34855613 PMCID: PMC8686481 DOI: 10.2196/31657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruiting large samples of diverse sexual and gender minority adolescent and young adults (AYAs) into HIV intervention research is critical to the development and later dissemination of interventions that address the risk factors for HIV transmission among substance-using, sexual and gender minority AYAs. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to describe the characteristics of the samples recruited via social media and in-person methods and makes recommendations for strategies to recruit substance-using, sexual and gender minority AYAs, a hardly reached population that is a priority for HIV prevention research. METHODS Using data from a randomized control trial of an HIV and substance use intervention with sexual and gender minority AYAs, aged 15 to 29 years in southeastern Michigan (n=414), we examined demographic and behavioral characteristics associated with successful recruitment from a range of virtual and physical venues. RESULTS We found that paid advertisements on Facebook, Instagram, and Grindr offered the largest quantity of eligible participants willing to enroll in the trial. Instagram offered the largest proportion of transgender masculine participants, and Grindr offered the largest proportion of Black/African American individuals. Although we attempted venue-based recruitment at clubs, bars, community centers, and AIDS service organizations, we found it to be unsuccessful for this specific hardly reached population. Social media and geobased dating applications offered the largest pool of eligible participants. CONCLUSIONS Understanding factors associated with successful recruitment has the potential to inform effective and efficient strategies for HIV prevention research with substance-using, sexual and gender AYAs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02945436; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02945436. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/resprot.9414.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayelin N Parker
- Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Alexis S Hunter
- Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jose A Bauermeister
- Program on Sexuality, Technology & Action Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Erin E Bonar
- Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Addiction Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Adam Carrico
- Division of Prevention Science and Community Health, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rob Stephenson
- Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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