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Choi NG, Marti CN, Choi BY. Mental Health Treatment Use, Perceived Treatment Need, and Reasons for Non-Use Among U.S. Adults with Serious Suicidal Thoughts During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:972-984. [PMID: 38372825 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Analyzing the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data with generalized linear models, we examined: (1) COVID pandemic-related and other correlates of mental health treatment use and unmet perceived treatment need among U.S. adults who experienced serious suicidal thoughts (N = 3,177); and (2) correlates of self-reported reasons for not receiving treatment. We found that 61% used any mental health treatment, and 48% of users and 37% of nonusers reported perceived treatment need. Significant correlates of treatment use were demographic factors, insurance, major depressive disorder, and illicit drug use disorder. Significant correlates of perceived treatment need were age 18-34, some college education, and major depressive episode. Perceived negative effect of the COVID pandemic on mental health was a significant factor for both treatment use and perceived need. The most frequent reasons for not getting treatment were the cost of treatment or lack of insurance and stigma-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkee G Choi
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - C Nathan Marti
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Bryan Y Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and BayHealth, Philadelphia, USA
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2
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Owsiany MT, Fiske A. Assessing age invariance of the Male Depression Risk Scale-22 in younger and older adult males. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38940683 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2372706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Women are twice as likely to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder as men. Yet suicide rates are four times higher in men than women, increasing to six times when comparing older men to older women. Investigators have begun researching if depression presents differently in individuals who adhere to masculine norms, leading to the conceptualization of masculine depression. Despite validity evidence for the Male Depression Risk Scale-22 (MDRS-22) in mixed-age samples, few studies have investigated the possibility of age-related differences in masculine depression. The present study aimed to test for age invariance of the MDRS-22. METHOD Age invariance for the MDRS-22 was tested via a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis with groups of younger (18-64 years) and older (65+ years) males (N = 469). RESULTS Age invariance for the MDRS-22 was not established, ΔX2 = 451.47, Δdf = 16, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION Results of the study indicate that masculine depression may present differently between younger and older men. To fully understand the construct of masculine depression, it is important to investigate how symptoms may present in individuals of all ages. Overall, the study highlights the importance of investigating how masculine depression may present differently in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Fiske
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Allison K, Koci A. Rural Appalachian Adolescent Alcohol Misuse and the Triple Threat for Marginalization. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38901012 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2358932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Rural Appalachian adolescents are disproportionately affected by alcohol misuse, depression, and mortality rates. Disparities in Appalachia influence national health indicators and the social determinants of health, which may lead to marginalization and vulnerability to poorer health outcomes. Geographic and social isolation often results in missed opportunities for preventative and mental health care. There are an estimated 35% fewer mental health providers in rural areas to deal with these issues. This article examines the influence of marginalization on rural Appalachian adolescents. A case example was used to describe rural Appalachian adolescent alcohol misuse within the context of the Triple Threat for Marginalization, utilizing conversation within a natural setting. Marginalization contributes to alcohol misuse and adverse health outcomes. Nurses must advocate for marginalized rural adolescent patients to decrease alcohol misuse, depression, and mortality rates in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Allison
- School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anne Koci
- Emerita of Nursing, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
- Fellow, American Academy of Nursing
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Sun F, Kong Z, Tang Y, Yang J, Huang G, Liu Y, Jiang W, Yang M, Jia X. Functional Connectivity Differences in the Resting-state of the Amygdala in Alcohol-dependent Patients with Depression. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00279-4. [PMID: 38755068 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The mechanism of comorbidity between alcohol dependence and depressive disorders are not well understood. This study investigated differences in the brain function of alcohol-dependent patients with and without depression by performing functional connectivity analysis using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 29 alcohol-dependent patients with depression, 31 alcohol-dependent patients without depression and 31 healthy control subjects were included in this study. The resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and the whole brain was compared among the three groups. Additionally, we examined the correlation between functional connectivity values in significantly different brain regions and levels of alcohol dependence and depression. RESULTS The resting-state functional connectivity between the left amygdala and the right caudate nucleus was decreased in alcohol-dependent patients. Additionally, the resting-state functional connectivity of the right amygdala with the right caudate nucleus, right transverse temporal gyrus, right temporal pole: superior temporal gyrus were also decreased. In alcohol-dependent patients with depression, not only was functional connectivity between the above brain regions significantly decreased, but so was functional connectivity between the right amygdala and the left middle temporal gyrus. Also, there was no significant correlation between the resting-state functional connectivity values in statistically significant brain regions and the levels of alcohol dependence and depression. CONCLUSION The impairment of the functional connectivity of the amygdala with caudate nucleus and partial temporal lobe may be involved in the neural mechanism of alcohol dependence comorbidity depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Sun
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Zhi Kong
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Jihui Yang
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Gengdi Huang
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Xiaojian Jia
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Clinical College of Mental Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center; Affiliated Mental Health Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518118, China.
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5
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Pembroke L, Sherman KA, Francis H, Dhillon HM, Gurney H, Gillatt D. Psychosocial Factors Associated with Cognitive Function in Prostate Cancer Survivors on Hormonal Treatments: A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09639-1. [PMID: 38642173 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Hormonal treatments (HT) for prostate cancer (e.g., androgen deprivation therapy) yield clinical and survival benefits, yet adverse cognitive changes may be a side effect. Since psychosocial factors are largely modifiable, interventions targeting these factors may help mitigate these adverse cognitive effects. This systematic review aimed to identify a range of psychosocial factors associated with cognitive function in individuals with prostate cancer undergoing HT and to determine whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate this effect. Applying PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of relevant databases conducted in September 2023 using terms related to prostate cancer, hormone therapy, and cognitive outcomes was undertaken. The search yielded 694 unique abstracts, with 11 studies included for analysis examining the relationship between cognitive function and the following psychosocial factors: psychological distress, fatigue, insomnia, and coping processes. Findings were mixed with only two studies reporting significant associations between cognitive performance with fatigue and depression. Three studies that included measures of perceived cognitive function identified associations with depression, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, illness threat appraisals, and coping styles. However, no studies found evidence for an association between self-reported and objective measures of cognitive functioning. Evidence regarding the association of interpersonal factors is lacking. Moreover, whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate the effect of HT on cognitive function still needs to be determined. Overall, the research exploring the association between psychosocial factors and cognitive function in prostate cancer survivors undergoing HT is still in its infancy. Further research is required to optimize the implementation of neuropsychological interventions for prostate cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna Pembroke
- Lifespan Health and Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Kerry A Sherman
- Lifespan Health and Wellbeing Research Centre, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Heather Francis
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Psycho-Oncology Cooperative Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Howard Gurney
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Health Sciences, Macquarie University Clinical Trials Unit (CTU), Macquarie University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - David Gillatt
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Health Sciences, Macquarie, Macquarie University Urology Clinic, University & Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Wang H, Wang Z, Li X, Liu J. Characteristics and risk factors of Health-Related Risky behaviors in adolescents with Depression. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:34. [PMID: 38500185 PMCID: PMC10949750 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGOUND To explore the characteristics and risk factors for health-related risky behaviours (HRRBs) in adolescents with depression. METHODS A total of 136 adolescents aged 12-18 years who met the diagnostic criteria for depression, and 272 healthy controls. All the subjects were assessed with the Adolescent Health-Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI), and the AHRBI scores of the two groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. The depression group was assessed with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU), and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES II-CV). Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the risk factors for HRRBs in adolescents with depression. RESULTS The AHRBI total score and five-factor scores of self-injury and suicide (SS), aggression and violence (AV), rule-breaking (RB), smoking and drinking (SD), and health-compromising behavior (HCB) in the depression group were higher than those in the control group. The severity of anxiety, catastrophizing, cognitive emotional regulation strategy (self-blame and blaming of others), the frequency of depression, physical neglect, and sexual abuse all increased the risk of HRRBs in adolescents with depression, and paternal emotional warmth and understanding had protective effects. CONCLUSION First, depressed adolescents exhibited significantly more HRRBs than healthy adolescents. Second, there are many risk factors for HRRBs in adolescents with depression, and the risk factors for different types of HRRBs are also different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Bejing Huilongguan Hospital, Bejing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
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7
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Ball EL, Altschul DM, Cox SR, Deary IJ, McIntosh AM, Iveson MH. Childhood intelligence and risk of depression in later-life: A longitudinal data-linkage study. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101560. [PMID: 38077244 PMCID: PMC10709490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lower childhood intelligence test scores are reported in some studies to be associated with higher risk of depression in adulthood. The reasons for the association are unclear. This longitudinal data-linkage study explored the relationship between childhood intelligence (at age ∼11) and risk of depression in later-life (up to age ∼85), and whether childhood family structure and adulthood socio-economic and geographical factors accounted for some of this association. Methods Intelligence test scores collected in the Scottish Mental Survey 1947 were linked to electronic health records (hospital admissions and prescribing data) between 1980 and 2020 (n = 53,037), to identify diagnoses of depression. Mixed-effect Cox regression models were used to explore the relationship between childhood intelligence test scores and risk of depression in later-life. Analyses were also adjusted for childhood family structure (size of family) and adulthood socio-economic and geographical factors (Carstairs index, urban/rural). Results Twenty-seven percent of participants were diagnosed with depression during follow-up (n = 14,063/53,037). Greater childhood intelligence test scores were associated with a reduced risk of depression in an unadjusted analysis (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93 to 0.97, P < 0.001), and after adjustment for factors experienced in childhood and adulthood (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.91 to 1.00, P = 0.032). When identifying depression using only hospital admissions data, greater childhood intelligence test scores were associated with a reduced risk of depression following unadjusted analysis (HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.82 to 0.90, P < 0.001), and after adjusting for risk factors in childhood and adulthood (HR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89 to 0.99, P = 0.026). There was no association between childhood cognitive test scores and depression when identifying cases of depression using only prescribed drugs data. Conclusions This study provides additional evidence suggesting that higher childhood intelligence predicts reduced risk of later-life depression only when depression is assessed based on hospital admission records. Childhood family structure and adulthood socio-economic and geographical factors did not seem to be substantial confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Ball
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Drew M. Altschul
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R. Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew H. Iveson
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Langford VM. Risk Factors for Suicide in Men. Nurs Clin North Am 2023; 58:513-524. [PMID: 37832996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cnur.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Suicide and the risk factors associated with it have been researched with increasing interest over the last 5 decades with respect to socioeconomic status, age, geographic location, and ethnic background. There has been less focus related to the risk factors specific to gender and how to incorporate clinical screening and interventions to reduce the mortality of suicide in males. With men accounting for a disproportionate number of deaths from suicide in the United States and worldwide, how gender could impact suicidal behavior and ideations remains a topic understudied and with great potential for significant improvement in clinical recognition and treatment.
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Oliffe JL, Kelly MT, Gao N, Mootz J, Seidler ZE, Rice SM. Neo-traditionalist, egalitarian and progressive masculinities in men's heterosexual intimate partner relationships. Soc Sci Med 2023; 333:116143. [PMID: 37597419 PMCID: PMC10583118 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Shifts in gender roles, identities and relations since the 1980s are continuing to influence masculinities within intimate partner relationships. Forefront in men's contemporary heterosexual relationships have been calls for gender equality and gender equity as a means to promoting the mental health and well-being of partners and their families. Most previous research has focused on a pathologized role of men in relationships (e.g., intimate partner violence). Little is known about how men perceive intimate partner relationships using a strength-based perspective. The current photovoice study addressed the research question, 'What are the connections between masculinities and men's heterosexual intimate partner relationships?' to highlight young men's (19-43 years-old) experiences of, and perspectives about their intimate partner relationships. Drawing from individual Zoom interviews with 92 heterosexual, cisgender men from 14 countries, we abductively derived three masculine typologies: 1) neo-traditionalist, 2) egalitarian and 3) progressive. Twenty-two (24%) participants embodied neo-traditionalist masculinities characterized by reliance's on traditional masculine norms that assign domesticities as feminine and prize masculine breadwinner and protector roles. Half of the participants (50%, n = 46) purposefully distanced themselves from traditional masculine norms to engage egalitarian masculinities. These men idealized equal (50-50) contributions and reciprocity wherein counts were often used to evaluate each partner's relative efforts and contributions to the relationship. Progressive masculinities were evident in 26% (n = 24) of participants who focused on fairness and social justice, checking their own privilege to justly operate within the relationship, and more broadly in society. The three typologies are grounded in men's heterosexual intimate partner gender relations, and advance masculinity frameworks to guide future health-research, policy and practice. In addition, there are opportunities for men's mental health promotion by prompting readers' reflexivity to thoughtfully consider what they idealize, and where they map in relation to the masculine typologies featured in the current article.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Mary T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nina Gao
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jennifer Mootz
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Zac E Seidler
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Movember, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Sharp P, Zhu P, Ogrodniczuk JS, Seidler ZE, Wilson MJ, Fisher K, Oliffe JL. "Hey Amir, How Are You REALLY Doing?": Participant Perspectives of a Peer-Based Suicide Prevention Campaign for Men. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231209189. [PMID: 37904538 PMCID: PMC10619351 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231209189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health concern and leading cause of death among men in Canada. This study reports the feasibility and acceptability of Buddy Up, a peer-based suicide prevention campaign for men. A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze respondent survey questionnaires (n = 48) and individual participant interviews (n = 19) collected from campaign users. Survey respondents reported that they enjoyed their involvement in the campaign (92%), were more confident to talk with men about mental health and suicide (95%), and would recommend Buddy Up to others (95%). Qualitative interviews were thematically analyzed to develop three inductively derived themes: (a) Engaging men with relatable masculine content and design: "Buddy Up really spoke to them in their language," highlighting the importance of understanding and working with gendered practices and motivations to legitimize and motivate involvement in suicide prevention; (b) Leveraging campaign participation to initiate conversations and promote mental health: "It gives men language and license to start asking questions," revealing ways in which participants utilized Buddy Up to negotiate and norm checking-in to promote men's mental health; and (c) Driving new masculine cultures: "We start every meeting with a mental health moment," identifying how participants fostered healthy milieus for disclosing mental health challenges with teamwork and preventive action under the banner of Buddy Up. The study findings support the feasibility of Buddy Up and highlight the acceptability of peer-based approaches to mental health promotion. The findings can also empirically guide future efforts for systematically building men's peer-based suicide prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Sharp
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patricia Zhu
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John S. Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zac E. Seidler
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Movember, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael J. Wilson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Krista Fisher
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John L. Oliffe
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Nursing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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11
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Kealy D, Chartier GB, Walther A, Rice SM, Seidler ZE, Oliffe JL, Ogrodniczuk JS. Psychic Pain Among Men: Factor Structure, Psychosocial Correlates, and Mediation of Social Connectedness and Suicidal Ideation. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:649-655. [PMID: 37399576 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The Psychic Pain Scale (PPS) measures a form of mental pain involving overwhelming negative affect and loss of self-control. Understanding psychic pain among men is needed to advance efforts for preventing male suicide. The present study examined the factor structure and psychosocial correlates of the PPS among 621 online help-seeking men. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a higher-order factor comprising affect deluge and loss of control factors. Psychic pain evinced significant associations with general psychological distress, r = 0.64; perceived social support, r = -0.43; social connectedness, r = -0.55; and suicidal ideation, r = 0.65 (all p 's < 0.001)-the latter three remained significant after controlling for general distress. Psychic pain also mediated the association between social disconnection and suicidal ideation (standardized indirect effect = -0.14 [-0.21, -0.09]), after controlling for social support and distress. Findings support the PPS as a promising measure for investigating psychic pain among men and indicate psychic pain as a link between social disconnection and suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gabrielle B Chartier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andreas Walther
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Hofmann L, Wagner B. Men's Behavior and Communication in the Days Prior to a Suicide-A Psychological Autopsy Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6668. [PMID: 37681808 PMCID: PMC10488060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Men show a significantly higher suicide rate, are less often recognized as persons at risk, and are more difficult to reach for suicide prevention interventions. Warning signs and deterioration in mental health are often not recognized by their surroundings. This study aims to retrospectively analyze the behavior and communication of men before a suicide, how relatives noticed changes, and how the interaction was perceived. N = 15 individuals who lost a close male relative to suicide were interviewed using psychological autopsy interviews. The interviews were evaluated following a deductive-inductive approach while using a comprehensive category system. The majority of men showed changes in behavior before the suicide, especially social withdrawal, irritability, and generally a deterioration in mental health. In fact, men did communicate their suicidal thoughts before they died through suicide, but mainly indirectly. While only one-third of the deceased made preparations before suicide, the majority of relatives noticed a deterioration in the mental health of the individual as well as increased alcohol and substance use. Men show signs of suicide, which are little recognized by their surroundings. Suicide prevention interventions should be adapted more to the needs of men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hofmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Medical School Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany;
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Styk W, Zmorzynski S, Samardakiewicz M. Persistence Is Multi-Trait: Persistence Scale Development and Persistence Perseveration and Perfectionism Questionnaire into Polish Translation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:864. [PMID: 37371344 PMCID: PMC10296326 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistence is defined as, among other ways, the need to achieve the goals and strive for the goal. Persistence can also be considered from the perspective of the resource concept, as a positive factor related to an individual's adaptive behaviour, psychological resilience, and normal self-regulation. In contrast, tendencies behaviourally similar to perseverance, but which may have psychopathological features, are persistence and perfectionism. The main goal of our study was to: (I) Build non-clinical Persistence Scale (PS) in Polish and English; (II) translate in Polish and validate the Persistence, Perfectionism and Perseveration Questionnaire (PPPQ); (III) analyse properties of both scales. METHODS The study was conducted on a non-clinical group of 306 subjects. The mean age was 27.6 and ranged from 18 to 58 years. The properties of both scales were analysed using the NEO-FFI personality inventory, PSS-10 Perceived stress level scale, The UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviour Scale, the SPSRQ Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward scale, Grit scale and NAS-50 Self-Control Scale. RESULTS The psychometric features of the scales fulfil the requirements for psychometric tools. The factorial structure of both versions of the PS-20 scale proved to be unifactorial. Openness was the only variable to co-occur with the persistence scales of both the PS-20 and the PPPQ-10, and did not co-occur with scales intended to indicate psychopathology (Perseveration, Perfectionism). Negative correlations occurred with variables describing Persistence with levels of perceived stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Impulsivity measured by the SUPPS scale also showed negative correlations with the study variables. CONCLUSIONS In the present work, we postulate that persistence is an umbrella construct that gathers and integrates many other traits to form a multi-trait persistence. Perseveration should be regarded as an undesirable trait characterising psychopathological behaviour. Desirable and indicative traits of an individual's good functioning are persistence and, to some extent, perfectionism. Individuals with low persistence and high perseveration may be characterised by a repertoire of psychopathological behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Szymon Zmorzynski
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
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Asadi LK, Shah AA. Gender bias in antidepressant direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 123:152384. [PMID: 36913904 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct to consumer pharmaceutical advertising (DTCPA) may have significant impacts on public perception of diseases and treatments. Our objective was to examine whether DTCPA for antidepressants disproportionately portray and hence target women in the United States. METHODS DTCPA for branded medications for depression, psoriasis and diabetes were analyzed to determine the gender of the main "patient" portrayed, as well as the content of the disease depiction. RESULTS DTCPA for antidepressants included only women in 82% of ads, only men in 10.1% of ads, and both genders in 7.8% of ads. There were significantly higher representations of women versus men in DTCPA for antidepressants (82%) compared to either psoriasis (50.4%) or diabetes (37.6%) medications. These differences remained statistically significant even after adjusting for gender disparities in disease prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Antidepressant DTCPA in the United States disproportionately target women. There are potential adverse consequences for both women and men resulting from unequal representations in DTCPA for antidepressant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila K Asadi
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Asim A Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America.
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15
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Hidradenitis Suppurativa Burdens on Mental Health: A Literature Review of Associated Psychiatric Disorders and Their Pathogenesis. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010189. [PMID: 36676137 PMCID: PMC9865498 DOI: 10.3390/life13010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Skin, mental health and the central nervous system (CNS) are connected by a deep link. It is not only the aesthetic and sometimes the disfiguring aspects of dermatological conditions that can cause a severe psychological burden; also, different studies have shown how chronic skin-inflammatory diseases may influence the activity of the CNS and vice versa. Moreover, the skin and brain share a common embryogenic origin. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting the hair follicles of the apocrine regions. The main clinical features are nodules, abscesses, cysts, fistulae and disfiguring scars. Pain and stinking discharge from fistulae are often present. It is not surprising that the psychological burden associated with HS is frequently a challenge in dermatologists' daily routines. Patients often suffer from depression and anxiety, but also from substance abuse, psychotic and bipolar disorders and an increased suicide risk. The aim of this article is to review the main psychiatric disorders associated with HS and their pathophysiology. Research on Pubmed was conducted with the key words Hidradenitis suppurativa, psychiatric, depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia, abuse, suicidal. A high incidence of psychiatric disorders has been described in HS compared to controls. Hidradenitis suppurativa is not a rare disease, and acknowledging the HS psychological burden, psychiatric-associated diseases and associated biomolecular pathways will help dermatologists to better care for their patients.
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Lavall E, Susin P, Reif KS, Santos HP, Schneider JF, Boni FG, Camatta MW. Experiences lived by family members of people who committed suicide: approach to biographic narratives. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2023; 43:e20220228. [PMID: 36888743 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20220228.en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the experiences of family members of people who committed suicide and describe the typologies of the biographical cases through the approach of biographical interviews and analysis. METHOD Qualitative research, with a reconstructive approach to Rosenthal's biographical cases, based on Schutz's phenomenological sociology. Biographical narrative interviews were conducted between November/2017 and February/2018, in a city in southern Brazil, with eleven family members of people who survived suicide. The analysis followed the phases of Rosenthal's biographical case reconstruction. RESULTS The reconstruction of two biographical cases were presented. The results point to two distinct typologies: maternal role in the face of suicide and social stigmatization; use of the cultural meaning of family as a resource for coping with suicide. CONCLUSION It is important to listen to these family members, as the understanding of their experiences can support health professionals in the implementation of care actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Lavall
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.,Universidade do Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES). Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Priscila Susin
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Karina Schuh Reif
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Hermílio Pereira Santos
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Jacó Fernando Schneider
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Guarilha Boni
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Marcio Wagner Camatta
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Escola de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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17
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Eggenberger L, Ehlert U, Walther A. New directions in male-tailored psychotherapy for depression. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1146078. [PMID: 37143589 PMCID: PMC10151934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1146078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of review Societal, cultural, and contextual norms about how men should be and behave (so called traditional masculinity ideologies; TMI) affect men's presentation of depressive disorders, psychotherapy use, and treatment engagement. Only recently, however, male-tailored psychotherapy approaches for depressive disorders have been developed, which aim to systematically soften dysfunctional TMI. In this review, we outline the necessary groundwork as well as recent advances in research on TMI, men's help-seeking, male depression, and their interrelatedness. Subsequently, we discuss the potential value of these findings for male-tailored psychotherapy for depressive disorders. Recent findings A preliminary evaluation of a male-specific psychoeducation program found that a male-specific psychoeducation text could reduce negative affect as well as state shame and potentially elicit a shift from externalizing depression symptoms toward more prototypical depression symptoms. The James' Place program, a male-tailored community-based service, improved suicidal men's overall well-being, problems, functioning, and suicide risk. The Heads Up Guys! program, an eHealth resource aimed at depressed men, reported a high and increasing global interest in their website, with considerable visitor engagement. The Man Therapy online resource improved depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and help-seeking behavior. Finally, the Men in Mind program, an online training program for clinical practitioners, increased practitioners' capacity to engage and support men in therapy. Summary Male-tailored psychotherapy programs for depressive disorders, which are informed by recent advances in TMI research, may potentially increase therapeutic effectiveness, engagement, and adherence. While recent preliminary analyses of individual male-tailored treatment programs show promising results, extensive and systematic primary studies evaluating these programs are pending but greatly needed.
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Susanty S, Sufriyana H, Su ECY, Chuang YH. Questionnaire-free machine-learning method to predict depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280330. [PMID: 36696383 PMCID: PMC9876369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) is widely used to screen for depressive symptoms among older populations. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire-free, machine-learning model as an alternative triage test for the GDS-15 among community-dwelling older adults. The best models were the random forest (RF) and deep-insight visible neural network by internal validation, but both performances were undifferentiated by external validation. The AUROC of the RF model was 0.619 (95% CI 0.610 to 0.627) for the external validation set with a non-local ethnic group. Our triage test can allow healthcare professionals to preliminarily screen for depressive symptoms in older adults without using a questionnaire. If the model shows positive results, then the GDS-15 can be used for follow-up measures. This preliminary screening will save a lot of time and energy for healthcare providers and older adults, especially those persons who are illiterate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Susanty
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
| | - Herdiantri Sufriyana
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Emily Chia-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YHC); (ECYS)
| | - Yeu-Hui Chuang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YHC); (ECYS)
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19
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Men’s anxiety, why it matters, and what is needed to limit its risk for male suicide. DISCOVER PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8895358 DOI: 10.1007/s44202-022-00035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAnxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health disorder experienced by men. If left untreated, anxiety is predictive of psychiatric disorders including depression and associated suicide risk. Despite the prevalence and impact of men’s anxiety, it remains largely overlooked in the field of men’s mental health. Globally, men are reported to have lower rates of anxiety disorders compared to women; however, these sex-differences do not reflect the complexity and nuance of men’s experiences. There is early evidence to suggest a male-type anxiety phenotype which may go undetected with generic diagnostic classifications. Masculine norms (i.e., stoicism, toughness, invulnerability) appear to be central to men’s experiences and expressions of anxiety as well as men’s help-seeking and coping behaviours. This is particularly concerning given anxiety increases men’s risk of physical and psychological comorbidities and suicide risk. The effective assessment, detection and treatment of men’s anxiety is therefore critical to improve mental health outcomes across the male lifespan. We propose three key recommendations for the field of men’s anxiety: (i) to develop a theoretical model surrounding men’s experiences of anxiety, (ii) broaden mental health resources, interventions and suicide prevention strategies to encompass men’s gendered experiences of anxiety (e.g., sentiments of shame, physical symptom manifestation), and (iii) utilise informal supports (i.e., friends and family) as an avenue of intervention to improve men’s anxiety outcomes. Without a substantial research agenda in men’s anxiety, we will fail to recognise and respond to men’s gendered experiences of anxiety and ultimately fail to reduce male suicides.
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20
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Gao CX, McDonald LP, Hamilton MP, Simons K, Menssink JM, Filia K, Rickwood D, Rice S, Hickie I, McGorry PD, Cotton SM. Inequalities in Access to Mental Health Treatment by Australian Youths During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Serv 2022:appips20220345. [PMID: 36444529 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors aimed to evaluate changes in use of government-subsidized primary mental health services, through the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS), by young people during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and whether changes were associated with age, sex, socioeconomic status, and residence in particular geographical areas. METHODS Interrupted time-series analyses were conducted by using quarterly mental health MBS service data (all young people ages 12-25 years, 2015-2020) for individual Statistical Area Level 3 areas across Australia. The data captured >22.4 million service records. Meta-analysis and meta-regression models estimated the pandemic interruption effect at the national level and delineated factors influencing these estimates. RESULTS Compared with expected prepandemic trends, a 6.2% (95% CI=5.3%-7.2%) increase was noted for all young people in use of MBS mental health services in 2020. Substantial differences were found between age and sex subgroups, with a higher increase among females and young people ages 18-25. A decreasing trend was observed for males ages 18-25 (3.5% reduction, 95% CI=2.5%-4.5%). The interruption effect was strongly associated with socioeconomic status. Service uptake increased in areas of high socioeconomic status, with smaller or limited uptake in areas of low socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS During 2020, young people's use of primary mental health services increased overall. However, increases were inequitably distributed and relatively low, compared with increases in population-level mental health burden. Policy makers should address barriers to primary care access for young people, particularly for young males and those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline X Gao
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Lachlan P McDonald
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Matthew P Hamilton
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Koen Simons
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Jana M Menssink
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Kate Filia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Debra Rickwood
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Simon Rice
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Ian Hickie
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
| | - Sue M Cotton
- Centre for Youth Mental Health (Gao, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton) and Melbourne School of Population and Global Health (McDonald, Simons), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia (Gao, Hamilton, Menssink, Filia, Rice, McGorry, Cotton); headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, Melbourne (Rickwood); Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Rickwood); Brain and Mind, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (Hickie)
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Vickery A. 'It's made me feel less isolated because there are other people who are experiencing the same or very similar to you': Men's experiences of using mental health support groups. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:2383-2391. [PMID: 35297130 PMCID: PMC10078724 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This article explores men's experiences of using peer support groups for coping with mental distress. Support groups are organised groups in which people come together to mutually support each other with a shared health concern. There has been increasing research on men's mental health help seeking, but men's use of support groups for mental health difficulties, and the ways support groups could benefit men, is not well understood. Drawing upon 19 interviews from a South Wales, UK qualitative study which explored men's mental health help seeking, coping and management, this article explores the perceived benefits of support groups for men experiencing emotional difficulties. Findings highlight how men who attended groups valued the sense of shared understanding of experiences and the mutual respect that group settings presented them with. Support groups provided a safe space with opportunities to reconstruct traditional masculine norms through reciprocating unique and tailored mental health support to others and developing a certain role within that group. This gave men a sense of purpose which further facilitated mental health management. Findings also indicated the social benefits that support groups can have to men who may have limited social networks or be experiencing isolation. This article adds to the growing literature that focuses on men's mental health experiences and illustrates the benefits of support groups for men in distress. The author suggests that primary services need to be aware of how support groups can positively support men and promote them as an opportunity for connection and unique support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Vickery
- School for Policy StudiesUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- School of Social SciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
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22
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Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activates neurotoxic astrocytes in depression-like mice. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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23
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Men's Depression, Externalizing, and DSM-5-TR: Primary Signs and Symptoms or Co-occurring Symptoms? Harv Rev Psychiatry 2022; 30:317-322. [PMID: 36103684 DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Otaka Y, Arakawa R, Narishige R, Okubo Y, Tateno A. Factors Regarding Suicide Decline in Japan: A Longitudinal Study on Psychiatric Diagnosis of Serious Suicide Attempters. J NIPPON MED SCH 2022; 89:392-398. [DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2022_89-405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Otaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Ryosuke Arakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Ryuichiro Narishige
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Amane Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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25
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Kubon J, Romagnano V, Sokolov AN, Fallgatter AJ, Braun C, Pavlova MA. Neural circuits underpinning face tuning in male depression. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:3827-3839. [PMID: 35989312 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reading bodies and faces is essential for efficient social interactions, though it may be thought-provoking for individuals with depression. Yet aberrations in the face sensitivity and underwriting neural circuits are not well understood, in particular, in male depression. Here, we use cutting-edge analyses of time course and dynamic topography of gamma oscillatory neuromagnetic cortical activity during administration of a task with Arcimboldo-like images. No difference in face tuning was found between individuals with depression and their neurotypical peers. Furthermore, this behavioral outcome nicely dovetails with magnetoencephalographic data: at early processing stages, the gamma oscillatory response to images resembling a face was rather similar in patients and controls. These bursts originated primarily from the right medioventral occipital cortex and lateral occipital cortex. At later processing stages, however, its topography altered remarkably in depression with profound engagement of the frontal circuits. Yet the primary difference in depressive individuals as compared with their neurotypical peers occurred over the left middle temporal cortices, a part of the social brain, engaged in feature integration and meaning retrieval. The outcome suggests compensatory recruitment of neural resources in male depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kubon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valentina Romagnano
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander N Sokolov
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Braun
- MEG Center, Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Otfried Müller Str. 47, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marina A Pavlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Trail K, Wilson MJ, Rice SM, Hunt T, Pirkis J, Seidler ZE. "I Called When I Was at My Lowest": Australian Men's Experiences of Crisis Helplines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159143. [PMID: 35897513 PMCID: PMC9332851 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Helplines are an accessible form of support for people struggling with difficulties in their lives and are key services in suicide prevention and intervention. Men’s experiences of telephone helplines are not well understood, despite high male suicide rates. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional survey with N = 684 Australian men (aged 17–83 years, M = 50.13) using open- and closed-ended questions about their experiences of helplines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics were analysed to investigate differences between men using and not using helplines. Qualitative responses were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Within the sample, 100 men (14.6%) had used a helpline service. Men using helplines were more likely to be unemployed and in younger age brackets than those not using helplines. They were also more likely to report experiencing stressors related to COVID-19, including financial stress and job loss, perceived impact on mental health and relationship breakdown. Qualitative analysis indicated varied experiences of helplines, with men shedding light on how their interaction with a counsellor, the structure of services and their expectations of the service impacted their experience. Conclusions: Further in-depth qualitative enquiry in this space is required, with the objective of understanding how helpline services may seek to better engage with male callers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Trail
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.J.W.); (S.M.R.); (Z.E.S.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Michael J. Wilson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.J.W.); (S.M.R.); (Z.E.S.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Simon M. Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.J.W.); (S.M.R.); (Z.E.S.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tara Hunt
- Lifeline Research Foundation, Lifeline Australia, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Zac E. Seidler
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (M.J.W.); (S.M.R.); (Z.E.S.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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von Zimmermann C, Brückner L, Mühle C, Weinland C, Kornhuber J, Lenz B. Bioimpedance Body Measures and Serum Lipid Levels in Masculine Depression. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:794351. [PMID: 35928779 PMCID: PMC9343577 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.794351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a main reason for suicide, and serum lipids are involved in both affective disorders and related suicidal behavior. Moreover, masculine depression has been suggested as a subtype of depression with an increased risk for suicide. Here, we studied the relationship between body measures, serum lipids, suicidal thoughts, and masculine depression. Methods Depressed patients (44% women) were divided by a sex-separated median-split into a group of 81 "patients with masculine depression" (mean age ± standard error: 36.4 ± 1.6 years) and a group of 82 "patients with non-masculine depression" (age 45.7 ± 1.6 years) according to the Male Depression Risk Scale. We compared body measures, serum lipid levels, and past suicidal ideation between these groups and explored differences between these groups and 176 healthy controls (51% women; age 37.2 ± 1.0 years). Results Patients with masculine depression did not significantly differ from patients with non-masculine depression in any of the body measures, lipid markers, or suicidal thoughts. Compared to healthy controls, both patient groups showed significantly higher body fat (B[masculine depression] = 0.041 and B[non-masculine depression] = 0.050), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (B = -0.045 and -0.044), and a higher risk for suicidal thoughts (B = 3.927 and 2.663) than healthy controls. Suicidal thoughts were significantly associated with lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/HDL ratios (B = -0.455) in patients with depression and with higher LDL cholesterol levels (B = 0.020) in healthy controls subjects. Limitation Correlational study design and focus on in-patients. Conclusion In the studied cohort, masculine depression was not significantly associated with the analyzed parameters of body measures, serum lipids, or suicidal thoughts in in-patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia von Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Brückner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Mühle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Weinland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Lenz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Opozda MJ, Oxlad M, Turnbull D, Gupta H, Vincent AD, Ziesing S, Nankivell M, Wittert G. The Effects of Psychotherapeutic e-Mental Health Interventions on Male Depression and Anxiety: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022. [DOI: 10.2196/40854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Dalum HS, Tyssen R, Moum T, Thoresen M, Hem E. Professional help-seeking behaviour for mental health problems among veterinarians in Norway: a nationwide, cross-sectional study (The NORVET study). BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1308. [PMID: 35799295 PMCID: PMC9263054 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Veterinarians have a relatively high prevalence of mental health problems; however, research on professional help-seeking is limited. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and professional help-seeking behaviour for such problems, and the independent factors associated with help-seeking behaviour among veterinarians in Norway. Method This cross-sectional study included all veterinarians in Norway (response rate 75%, 70% women). Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for professional help-seeking for mental health problems. Analyses were controlled for socio-demographic, individual (personality trait reality weakness, SCL-5, attitudes toward mental illness), and work-related factors (work field, job stress). Results The prevalence of self-reported mental health problems in need of treatment was 30% (746/2494), significantly higher among women than men (36% vs. 15%). Fifty-four percent had sought professional help, women significantly more often (56%) than men (41%). Among veterinarians with serious suicidal thoughts, 50% (69/139) had sought help. Veterinarians most frequently related mental health problems to work problems (47%), women significantly more often (49%) than men (34%). Factors significantly associated with help-seeking were being female, OR = 2.11 (95% CI: 1.24–3.60), working with production animals, OR = 0.35 (0.13–0.98), public administration, OR = 2.27 (1.15–4.45), academia/research, OR = 4.78 (1.99–11.47) or ‘other’ fields, OR = 2.79 (1.23–6.32), and attitudes toward mental illness, OR = 1.32 (1.03–1.68). Conclusions Thirty percent of veterinarians in Norway reported mental health problems in need of treatment, and only half of them had sought professional help. A low degree of help-seeking was also seen among those with serious suicidal thoughts. Being female, positive attitudes toward treatment of mental illness, working in public administration, academia/research and ‘other’ field were associated with more help-seeking, while working in production animal practice was associated with less help-seeking. Interventions to increase help-seeking behaviour for mental health problems among veterinarians are warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13710-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Seljenes Dalum
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1111 Blindern, Oslo, NO-0317, Norway.
| | - Reidar Tyssen
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1111 Blindern, Oslo, NO-0317, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Moum
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1111 Blindern, Oslo, NO-0317, Norway
| | - Magne Thoresen
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend Hem
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1111 Blindern, Oslo, NO-0317, Norway.,Institute for Studies of the Medical Profession, Oslo, Norway
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Zaazaa AM, Daoud NN, El-Gendy OA, Al-Shafei AI. Neuroprotective role of Bacopa monnieri extract in modulating depression in an experimental rat model. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:229-235. [PMID: 35413358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common illness with no definite treatment. METHODS The study involved 2 experimental periods; 45-day (P1) followed by 30-day (P2). 40 adult albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Grp 1 received saline orally while Grp 2 reserpine inraperitoneally (ip) during P1 and P2. Grps 3 and 4 received reserpine during P1, followed by reserpine plus B. monnieri, and reserpine plus citalopram ip during P2, respectively. Forced swimming test (FST) was performed at beginning and end of P1 and P2. Animals were sacrificed by end of P2 and brain taken for histopathological examination and ELISA estimation of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, BDNF, MCP-1, FAS, and Bcl-2. RESULTS During P1, reserpine prolonged immobility time (IT) in FST in Grps 2, 3, and 4. IT was subsequently lowered in Grps 3 and 4 but remained elevated in Grp 2 by end of P2. Serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine were lowered in Grps 2, 3, and 4, but in Grps 3 and 4, levels were comparable to Grp1. BDNF and Bc1-2 were reduced in Grps 2, 3, and 4, with higher levels in Grps 3 and 4 than Grp 2. MCP-1 and FAS were elevated in Grps 2, 3, and 4, but levels were lower in Grps 3 and 4 than in Grp 2. Histopathology showed congested cerebral cortex in Grp 2 and normal cortex in other groups. LIMITATIONS Only adult male rats were involved and effects of co-administration of B. monnieri and citalopram were not characterized. CONCLUSION B. monnieri improves depression comparable to citalopram in reserpine-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zaazaa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia N Daoud
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola A El-Gendy
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad I Al-Shafei
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Bergqvist E, Probert-Lindström S, Fröding E, Palmqvist-Öberg N, Ehnvall A, Sunnqvist C, Sellin T, Vaez M, Waern M, Westrin Å. Health care utilisation two years prior to suicide in Sweden: a retrospective explorative study based on medical records. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:664. [PMID: 35581647 PMCID: PMC9115926 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous literature has suggested that identifying putative differences in health care seeking patterns before death by suicide depending on age and gender may facilitate more targeted suicide preventive approaches. The aim of this study is to map health care utilisation among individuals in the two years prior to suicide in Sweden in 2015 and to examine possible age and gender differences. METHODS Design: A retrospective explorative study with a medical record review covering the two years preceding suicide. SETTING All health care units located in 20 of Sweden's 21 regions. PARTICIPANTS All individuals residing in participating regions who died by suicide during 2015 (n = 949). RESULTS Almost 74% were in contact with a health care provider during the 3 months prior to suicide, and 60% within 4 weeks. Overall health care utilisation during the last month of life did not differ between age groups. However, a higher proportion of younger individuals (< 65 years) were in contact with psychiatric services, and a higher proportion of older individuals (≥ 65 years) were in contact with primary and specialised somatic health care. The proportion of women with any type of health care contact during the observation period was larger than the corresponding proportion of men, although no gender difference was found among primary and specialised somatic health care users within four weeks and three months respectively prior to suicide. CONCLUSION Care utilisation before suicide varied by gender and age. Female suicide decedents seem to utilise health care to a larger extent than male decedents in the two years preceding death, except for the non-psychiatric services in closer proximity to death. Older adults seem to predominantly use non-psychiatric services, while younger individuals seek psychiatric services to a larger extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Bergqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Baravägen 1, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
- Psychiatric In-Patient Clinic, Hallands Sjukhus Varberg, Region Halland, 432 81, Varberg, Sweden.
| | - Sara Probert-Lindström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Baravägen 1, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Office of Psychiatry and Habilitation, Region Skåne, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elin Fröding
- School of Health and Welfare, The Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, 551 11, Jönköping, Sweden
- Region Jonköpings Län, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Nina Palmqvist-Öberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Baravägen 1, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Office of Psychiatry and Habilitation, Region Skåne, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Ehnvall
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychiatric Out-Patient Clinic, Region Halland, 432 43, Varberg, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Sunnqvist
- Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Care Science, Malmö University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tabita Sellin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University Health Care Research Center, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Marjan Vaez
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margda Waern
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Psychosis Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 431 30, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Åsa Westrin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Baravägen 1, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Office of Psychiatry and Habilitation, Region Skåne, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
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Howren A, Sayre EC, Cheng V, Oveisi N, McTaggart-Cowan H, Peacock S, De Vera MA. Risk of Anxiety and Depression after Diagnosis of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3072-3081. [PMID: 35621639 PMCID: PMC9140150 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer (yCRC; <50 years), we aimed to evaluate the risk of depression and anxiety in individuals with yCRC in comparison to average-age-onset CRC (aCRC; ≥50 years) and to cancer-free controls, with stratification by sex. Our cohort study identified individuals (≥18 years) with CRC and cancer-free controls (10:1) matched on age and sex using population-based linked administrative health databases in British Columbia, Canada. We assessed depression and anxiety using validated algorithms. We evaluated the risk of depression and anxiety using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. The cohort included 54,634 individuals with CRC (46.5% female, mean age 67.9 years) and 546,340 controls (46.5% female, mean age 67.9 years). Those with yCRC as compared to aCRC had an increased risk for depression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25 to 1.60), and when stratified by sex, the risk was only significant among males (aHR 1.76; 95% CI 1.48 to 2.10). When comparing individuals with yCRC to cancer-free controls, the overall risk of depression (aHR 1.00; 95% CI 0.92 to 1.10) and anxiety (aHR 1.10; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.27) was non-significant; however, males had a significantly higher risk for mental health disorders, specifically depression (aHR 1.17; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.33). Altogether, our findings that individuals with yCRC experience higher risk of depression compared to those with aCRC as well as cancer-free controls, particularly among males, suggest effects of age and sex on mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Howren
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (A.H.); (V.C.); (N.O.)
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, BC V5Y 3P2, Canada;
| | - Eric C. Sayre
- Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, BC V5Y 3P2, Canada;
| | - Vicki Cheng
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (A.H.); (V.C.); (N.O.)
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Niki Oveisi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (A.H.); (V.C.); (N.O.)
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Helen McTaggart-Cowan
- BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada; (H.M.-C.); (S.P.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Stuart Peacock
- BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada; (H.M.-C.); (S.P.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Mary A. De Vera
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; (A.H.); (V.C.); (N.O.)
- Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Vancouver, BC V5Y 3P2, Canada;
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Vancouver, BC V6Z IY6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-604-827-2138
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Oliffe JL, Bottorff JL. The Gendered Dimensions of Photovoice in Men's Health Promotion Research. Health Promot Pract 2022; 23:317-324. [PMID: 35285324 PMCID: PMC8921883 DOI: 10.1177/15248399211055432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of photovoice in men’s health promotion research has grown significantly over the past 15 years. Initially mobilized as an elixir for men’s talk about health practices and illness experiences, participant-produced photographs and accompanying narratives have grown significantly in reach, influence, and application. The current article highlights the gendered dimensions of photovoice in men’s health promotion research across three studies addressing (1) psychosocial prostate cancer care, (2) fathers’ tobacco reduction and smoking cessation, and (3) male suicidality. Insights drawn from the psychosocial prostate cancer care project emphasize the plurality of masculinities, and the implications for health promoters treating the common treatment side effect of erectile dysfunction. The relational nature of gender is central to the fathers’ tobacco reduction and smoking cessation work whereby the well-being of partners and children strongly influenced men’s behavior changes amid guiding adjustments to smoke-free policies. The male suicidality research highlights the unmuting powers of photovoice for making visible the interiority of men’s mental illness, and the destigmatizing potentials for sharing participants’ accompanying narratives. Evident across the three projects are the gendered dimensions of photovoice processes and products for advancing understandings of, and avenues toward, promoting the health of men and their families. After reflecting on these advances, we offer recommendations for future men’s health promotion photovoice work.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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Foettinger L, Albrecht BM, Altgeld T, Gansefort D, Recke C, Stalling I, Bammann K. The Role of Community-Based Men’s Sheds in Health Promotion for Older Men: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221084490. [PMID: 35287514 PMCID: PMC8928410 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221084490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Men’s Sheds are a community-based health promotion concept which brings men together to engage in joint activities. Prior research reported beneficial effects on health and well-being of the participants; however, evidence is limited. The main objective of this systematic review is to provide an extensive overview of current research on the effectiveness of Men’s Sheds on self-rated health, social isolation, and well-being by applying a mixed-methods approach. In addition, this review aims to identify how to successfully transfer and implement the concept. Eligible for inclusion were all studies published in English, German, or French that specifically referred to the concept of Men’s Sheds. Four databases were searched for eligible studies, followed by a hand search on websites and reference lists. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using checklists developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Following the convergent integrated approach, quantitative data were transformed and merged with qualitative data to conduct a thematic analysis. Overall, 35 qualitative, nine quantitative, and eight mixed-methods studies were included. We found evidence regarding benefits of shed participation on self-rated health, social isolation, and well-being. We identified three key characteristics of a successful Men’s Shed, including appropriate shed facilities, sufficient funding as well as a participant-driven management and organization of the shed. This mixed-methods systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence base concerning Men’s Sheds and highlights the need for longitudinal studies investigating causal relationships and gathering sufficient information on how to successfully transfer and implement the concept of Men’s Sheds in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Foettinger
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Birte Marie Albrecht
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Altgeld
- State Association for Health and Academy for Social Medicine Lower Saxony, Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Gansefort
- State Association for Health and Academy for Social Medicine Lower Saxony, Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carina Recke
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Imke Stalling
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karin Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Sharp P, Bottorff JL, Rice S, Oliffe JL, Schulenkorf N, Impellizzeri F, Caperchione CM. "People say men don't talk, well that's bullshit": A focus group study exploring challenges and opportunities for men's mental health promotion. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261997. [PMID: 35061764 PMCID: PMC8782463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Men’s mental health promotion presents unique challenges including gender-related barriers and stigmas, which demand novel approaches to prevention, treatment, and management. The aim of this study was to explore men’s perceptions of mental health and preferences for mental health promotion. Seven focus groups (N = 59) were conducted in Sydney, Australia, including 5 groups of men (M = 50.65, SD = 13.75 years) and 2 groups of stakeholders who had frontline experience working with men (e.g., men’s groups, health clubs, mental health advocates). Data were analysed using thematic analysis and interpreted using a gender relations approach to explore connections between gender roles, relations and identities, and men’s mental health. Three overarching themes were identified; (1) Roles, identities, and the conceptualisation and concealment of mental health challenges, revealing challenges to mental health promotion related to perceptions of men’s restrictive emotionality and emotional awareness as well as difficulties with conceptualising the internalised experiences of mental health, (2) Constraining social contexts of stigma and gender relations, identifying how social context and the policing of gender roles often obscured opportunities for discussing mental health and help-seeking behaviour, (3) Anchoring mental health promotion to acceptable lifestyle practices, highlighting potential remedies included leveraging men’s social practices related to reciprocity, normalising mental health promotion relative to other behaviours, and embedding mental health promotion within acceptable masculine practices. Discussed are directions for men’s community-based mental health promotion and opportunities for how masculinities may be negotiated and expanded to embody mental health promoting values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Sharp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Joan L. Bottorff
- Institute for Healthy Living and Chronic Disease Prevention, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John L. Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nico Schulenkorf
- Business School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Franco Impellizzeri
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cristina M. Caperchione
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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King K, Schlichthorst M, Chondros P, Rice S, Clark A, Le LKD, Mihalopoulos C, Pirkis J. Protocol for a cluster randomized control trial of the impact of the Breaking the Man Code workshops on adolescent boys' intentions to seek help. Trials 2022; 23:110. [PMID: 35115023 PMCID: PMC8811738 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Males in Australia and many other countries account for three-quarters of all deaths by suicide. School-based programs to support young men’s wellbeing have become increasingly common in recent years and show much promise to tackle the issue of male suicide by fostering protective factors and mitigating harmful factors. However, only a few of these programs have been evaluated. This trial seeks to address the lack of knowledge about the potential for school-based gender-transformative programs to have a positive impact on boys. Breaking the Man Code workshops, delivered by Tomorrow Man in Australia, challenge and transform harmful masculinities with young men with a view to ultimately reducing their suicide risk. The trial aims to examine whether adolescent boys who participate in the Breaking the Man Code workshop demonstrate an increase in their likelihood of seeking help for personal or emotional problems compared to boys waiting to take part in the workshop. Methods A stratified cluster randomized controlled superiority trial with two parallel groups will be conducted. Schools will be randomly allocated 1:1, stratified by location of the schools (rural or urban), state (Victoria, NSW, or WA), and mode of workshop delivery (face-to-face or online), to the intervention group and waitlist control group. Discussion The Breaking the Man Code workshops show great promise as a school-based prevention intervention. The trial will fill a gap in knowledge that is critically needed to inform future interventions with boys and men. Some methodological challenges have been identified related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, such as delays in ethics approvals and the need for Tomorrow Man to introduce an online delivery option for the workshop. The trial protocol has been designed to mitigate these challenges. The findings from the trial will be used to improve the workshops and will assist others who are designing and implementing suicide prevention interventions for boys and men. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620001134910). Registered on 30 October 2020
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie King
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Marisa Schlichthorst
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patty Chondros
- Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Clark
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Long Khanh-Dao Le
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Cheng X, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yuan TF, Qiu J. Trait Anxiety Mediates Impulsivity and Suicidal Ideation in Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:892442. [PMID: 35873250 PMCID: PMC9301462 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.892442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been an urgent affair during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is well-established that impulsivity and trait anxiety are two risk factors for suicidal ideation. However, literature is still insufficient on the relationships among impulsivity, (state/trait) anxiety and suicidal ideation in individuals with MDD. The present study aims to explore the relationships of these three variables in MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic through three scales, including Barrett Impulsivity Scale (BIS), State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI) and Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS). Sixty-three MDD patients (low SIOSS group and high SIOSS group, which were split by the mean score of SIOSS) and twenty-seven well-matched healthy controls were analyzed. Our results showed that the high SIOSS group had higher trait anxiety (p < 0.001, 95% CI = [-19.29, -5.02]) but there was no difference in state anxiety (p = 0.171, 95% CI = [-10.60, 1.25]), compared with the low SIOSS group. And the correlation between impulsivity and suicidal ideation was significant in MDD patients (r = 0.389, p = 0.002), yet it was not significant in healthy controls (r = 0.285, p = 0.167). Further, mediation analysis showed that trait anxiety significantly mediate impulsivity and suicidal ideation in patients with depression (total effect: β = 0.304, p = 0.002, 95% CI = [0.120, 0.489]; direct effect: β = 0.154, p = 0.076, 95% CI = [-0.169, 0.325]), indicating impulsivity influenced suicidal ideation through trait anxiety in MDD patients. In conclusion, our results suggested that trait anxiety might mediate the association of impulsivity and suicidal ideation in MDD patients. Clinicians may use symptoms of trait anxiety and impulsivity for screening when actively evaluating suicidal ideation in MDD patients, especially in the setting of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianyin Qiu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Lavall E, Susin P, Reif KS, Santos HP, Schneider JF, Boni FG, Camatta MW. Experiências vivenciadas por familiares sobreviventes ao suicídio: abordagem de narrativas biográficas. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20220228.pt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as experiências vivenciadas por familiares sobreviventes ao suicídio e descrever as tipologias de casos biográficos por meio da abordagem de entrevistas e análise de narrativas biográficas. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, de abordagem reconstrutiva de casos biográficos de Rosenthal fundamentada na sociologia fenomenológica de Schutz. Foram realizadas entrevistas narrativas entre novembro/2017 e fevereiro/2018, em uma cidade no sul do Brasil, com onze familiares sobreviventes ao suicídio. A análise seguiu as etapas da reconstrução de caso biográfico de Rosenthal. Resultados: Apresenta-se a reconstrução de dois casos biográficos com tipologias distintas: papel materno diante do suicídio e estigmatização social; significação cultural de família como um recurso para o enfrentamento do suicídio. Conclusão: Considera-se relevante ouvir esses familiares, pois a compreensão de suas experiências pode subsidiar os profissionais da área na implementação de ações de cuidado.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Lavall
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brasil; Universidade do Vale do Taquari, Brasil
| | - Priscila Susin
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Ojio Y, Matsunaga A, Kawamura S, Horiguchi M, Yoshitani G, Hatakeyama K, Amemiya R, Kanie A, Purcell R, Rice SM, Fujii C. Validating a Japanese Version of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2021; 7:90. [PMID: 34894309 PMCID: PMC8665958 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background There is increasing international interest in clinical practice and research related to mental health in the international sports society. The athlete-specific psychological distress assessment tool that addresses potential mental health needs can help promote early detection and recovery of mental illness, as well as physical illnesses. Currently, little is known about the applicability of the useful assessment tool for Japanese elite athletes. The Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) is a brief, effective and reliable screening tool to identify early signs of athlete-specific distress and potential mental health symptoms. We examined the applicability and reliability of a Japanese version of the APSQ (APSQ-J) in a Japanese elite athlete context. Further, we examined the construct validity of the APSQ-J. Methods We collected web-based anonymous self-report data from 219 currently competing Japanese professional male rugby players. A two-stage process was conducted to validate the factor structure of the APSQ-J using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in a randomly partitioned calibration sample and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a separate validation sample. Cronbach’s alpha is used to assess internal consistency. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were calculated to determine if the APSQ-J was significantly associated with measures of psychological distress and well-being using Kessler-6 (K6) and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, respectively. Results We identified a one-factor structure for the APSQ-J. Confirmatory factor analysis supports this one-factor model, revealing good model fit indices. The standardized path coefficients for each of the items were β = 0.41–0.83 (p < 0.001). A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 was obtained for the APSQ-J. The APSQ-J demonstrated significant correlations with the K-6 (r = 0.80, p < 0.001) and WHO-5 (r = −0.58, p < 0.001). Conclusion The APSQ-J can be an appropriate and psychometrically robust measure for identifying athlete-specific distress in elite athletes in Japan. Widely disseminating and utilizing this scale in Japanese sports society may support athletes' mental health via early detection of symptoms of psychological distress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-021-00385-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Ojio
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.
| | - Asami Matsunaga
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Rei Amemiya
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ayako Kanie
- National Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rosemary Purcell
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chiyo Fujii
- Department of Community Mental Health and Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
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Ogrodniczuk JS, Beharry J, Oliffe JL. An Evaluation of 5-Year Web Analytics for HeadsUpGuys: A Men's Depression E-Mental Health Resource. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211063322. [PMID: 34861812 PMCID: PMC8646842 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211063322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports an evaluation of web analytics, over a 5-year period, for HeadsUpGuys.org, an eHealth resource for men with depression. Google Analytics, Search Console, and Tag Manager were used to monitor user activity over the course of the website's first 5 years (June 15, 2015-June 15, 2020). Through this period, HeadsUpGuys had a total of 1,665,356 unique users, amounting to 1,948,481 sessions and 3,328,258 page views. Organic traffic accounted for the highest proportion (53.44%; n = 1,041,277) of website sessions. Four of the top 10 Google search queries that brought users to the website related to suicidality. Three countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada) accounted for almost three-quarters (71.10%; n = 1,385,485) of the site's traffic. Nearly three-quarters (73.35%; n = 1,429,285) of sessions occurred on a mobile device. The goal conversion rate for the Self Check was 60.27%. The average time on page was 2 min 53 s, with a bounce rate of 65.92%, and an exit rate of 57.20%. The goal conversion rate for the Stress Test was 52.89%. The average time on page was 4 min 8 s, with a bounce rate of 72.40% and an exit rate of 48.88%. The conversion rate for the final goal was 11.53%, indicating that approximately one in 10 visitors to the site had a session of at least 3 min. The findings illustrate the potential of eHealth resources to support men's mental health and provide a real-world benchmark to help advance the men's eHealth field.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joshua Beharry
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Nursing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Liu Y, Wang S, Xue C, Hu X, Zhou G, Zhou Y, Fang D, Ding K. An Exploratory Cohort Study of the Association between the Level of Testosterone and Suicidal Ideation in Hospitalized Adolescent Females with Depression in China. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:3529147. [PMID: 34745279 PMCID: PMC8566051 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3529147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, around 4 per 100,000 adolescents committed suicide within the 29 OECD countries. The suicidal behavior is related to psychological factors, genetics, neurobiology, and other biomarkers. The aim of this study was to examine risk factors for the development of suicidal ideation in adolescent females with depression, focusing on the relationship between different testosterone levels and suicidal ideation, in order to help develop strategies to intervene in suicidal behavior in female adolescents with depression. METHOD In this single-center prospective cohort study, we enrolled adolescent females with depression. We collected information on their baseline data, testosterone levels, symptom self-rating scale scores, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behaviours, and suicide attempts. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for the development of suicidal ideation in adolescent females with depression. RESULTS A total of 113 hospitalized adolescent females were enrolled with a mean age of 13.5 (1.20). Among these patients, there were 86 (76.11%) subjects who suffered from suicidal ideation, 59 (52.21%) had NSSI and 23 (20.35%) had suicide attempt behavior. In the final model, higher level of testosterone (p=0.04) and higher age (p=0.02) were associated with the higher odds of having suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION In this exploratory cohort study, the emergence of suicidal ideation was common among adolescent females with depression. This study is consistent with the other studies. It shows that the age is a potential predictor for suicidal ideation in hospitalized adolescent females with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Chuang Xue
- Division of Psychological Evaluation, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Xiwen Hu
- Division of Depressive Disorder, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Guoling Zhou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Yuanyue Zhou
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Kaijing Ding
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
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García-Garro PA, Aibar-Almazán A, Rivas-Campo Y, Vega-Ávila GC, Afanador-Restrepo DF, Martínez-Amat A, Afanador-Rodríguez MI, Castellote-Caballero Y, Hita-Contreras F. The Association of Cardiometabolic Disease with Psychological Factors in Colombian People during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10214959. [PMID: 34768475 PMCID: PMC8584396 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, psychological disorders have been documented in the population, and their exacerbation in vulnerable populations such as those with Cardiometabolic Diseases (CD) might challenge health systems. This study determined psychological factors associated with CD in Colombian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, 284 persons were evaluated, 142 without CD and 142 with CD. Sociodemographic data were collected, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the SF-12v2, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), which were integrated into an online form, were used. Through a simple and multiple logistic regression model, it was shown that CD was associated with low sleeping quality (LSQ) (OR = 3.51) and with depressive symptoms (DS) (OR = 1.98). In addition, in the group with CD, the presence of DS was related to BMI (OR = 2.45), and LSQ was related to living with persons at risk for COVID-19 (OR = 3.64) and BMI (OR = 5.88). In conclusion, this study showed that people with CD have a higher chance of presenting DS and LSQ. Furthermore, living with people at risk for COVID-19 was related to the presence of LSQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alexandra García-Garro
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia; (P.A.G.-G.); (Y.R.-C.); (G.C.V.-Á.); (D.F.A.-R.); (M.I.A.-R.)
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (Y.C.-C.); (F.H.-C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yulieth Rivas-Campo
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia; (P.A.G.-G.); (Y.R.-C.); (G.C.V.-Á.); (D.F.A.-R.); (M.I.A.-R.)
| | - Gloria Cecilia Vega-Ávila
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia; (P.A.G.-G.); (Y.R.-C.); (G.C.V.-Á.); (D.F.A.-R.); (M.I.A.-R.)
| | - Diego Fernando Afanador-Restrepo
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia; (P.A.G.-G.); (Y.R.-C.); (G.C.V.-Á.); (D.F.A.-R.); (M.I.A.-R.)
| | - Antonio Martínez-Amat
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (Y.C.-C.); (F.H.-C.)
| | - María Isabel Afanador-Rodríguez
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia; (P.A.G.-G.); (Y.R.-C.); (G.C.V.-Á.); (D.F.A.-R.); (M.I.A.-R.)
| | - Yolanda Castellote-Caballero
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (Y.C.-C.); (F.H.-C.)
| | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.M.-A.); (Y.C.-C.); (F.H.-C.)
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Köstner K, Geirhos A, Ranz R, Galler A, Schöttler H, Klose D, Feldhahn L, Flury M, Schaaf K, Holterhus PM, Meissner T, Warschburger P, Minden K, Temming S, Müller-Stierlin AS, Baumeister H, Holl RW. Angst und Depression bei Typ-1-Diabetes – Erste Ergebnisse des Screenings auf psychische Komorbiditäten bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen im Rahmen des COACH-Konsortiums. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1589-7922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie interdisziplinäre Forschungskooperation COACH-Konsortium (Chronic Conditions in Adolescents – Implementation and Evaluation of Patient-centered Collaborative Healthcare) untersucht die psychosoziale Situation von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen mit chronischen körperlichen Erkrankungen. Zur Untersuchung der psychischen Komorbidität wurden bisher 1.023 Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 im Alter von 12–21 Jahren bei Routinevorstellungen in der Klinik bzw. Ambulanz mittels der Screening-Fragebogen Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) und Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) zu Angst- und Depressionssymptomen befragt. 29,8 % der Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen zeigten ein auffälliges Screening-Ergebnis. Dabei wurden 17,8 % der Fragebogen zu Angstsymptomen und 25,6 % der Fragebogen zu Depressionssymptomen auffällig mit Gesamtscore-Werten ≥ 7 in GAD-7 bzw. PHQ-9 beantwortet. Patienten mit erhöhten Depressions- und Angstwerten wiesen im Mittel einen deutlich höheren medianen HbA1c-Wert als Zeichen einer schlechteren Stoffwechseleinstellung auf (8,33 [8,09; 8,56]) als Patienten mit unauffälligem Screening (7,58 [7,48; 7,68]; p < 0,0001). Angesichts der hohen Prävalenz auffälliger Depressions- und Angstwerte und der Assoziation mit höheren HbA1c-Werten sollte bei allen Jugendlichen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 regelmäßig das Vorliegen psychischer Belastungen abgeklärt werden. Dies könnte eine frühzeitige Diagnose einer psychischen Komorbidität und Intervention ermöglichen. Auf der Basis der Studien im COACH-Projekt können nun evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen für die interdisziplinäre Gesundheitsversorgung von Jugendlichen mit chronischen körperlichen Erkrankungen erstellt werden, die die psychischen Komorbiditäten systematisch berücksichtigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Köstner
- Deutsches Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum Garmisch-Partenkirchen
| | - Agnes Geirhos
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie und Pädagogik, Universität Ulm
| | - Ramona Ranz
- Institut für Epidemiologie und med. Biometrie, ZIBMT, Universität Ulm
| | - Angela Galler
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum
| | | | - Daniela Klose
- Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | | | | | - Katja Schaaf
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Elisabeth-Krankenhaus Essen
| | - Paul-Martin Holterhus
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin I, Fachbereich Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, UKSH, Campus Kiel
| | - Thomas Meissner
- Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Neonatologie und Kinderkardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
| | | | - Kirsten Minden
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin
| | - Svenja Temming
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Pädiatrie mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Immunologie und Intensivmedizin
| | | | - Harald Baumeister
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Institut für Psychologie und Pädagogik, Universität Ulm
| | - Reinhard W. Holl
- Institut für Epidemiologie und med. Biometrie, ZIBMT, Universität Ulm
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44
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Rice SM, Kealy D, Seidler ZE, Walton CC, Oliffe JL, Ogrodniczuk JS. Male-type depression symptoms in young men with a history of childhood sexual abuse and current hazardous alcohol use. Psychiatry Res 2021; 304:114110. [PMID: 34333321 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of male-type or externalising depression symptoms (e.g., anger, risk-taking, emotion suppression) were examined with cross-sectional online convenience sample of 1,277 help-seeking young men (M=23.64, SD=3.61 years). Almost a quarter (21.9%) of the sample reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) exposure, and most (68.8%) endorsed past 2-week suicide ideation. All male-type depression symptoms were frequently (>30%) endorsed across the sample, and were positively correlated with past 2-week suicide ideation. An adjusted CSA exposure × alcohol risk interaction (p=.013) indicated elevated male-type depression scores for those with a CSA history and hazardous alcohol use. Results are interpreted in line with young men's adherence to masculine norms, which may be particularly complex for young men reporting a CSA exposure history. Findings support the need for enhanced screening efforts, especially among young men with a history of CSA and hazardous alcohol use, with a need to also improve gender-sensitive service offerings for young men with a CSA exposure history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zac E Seidler
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Courtney C Walton
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Nursing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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45
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Kealy D, Rice SM, Seidler ZE, Oliffe JL, Ogrodniczuk JS. Reflective functioning and men's mental health: Associations with resilience and personal growth initiative. Stress Health 2021; 37:706-714. [PMID: 33486859 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mentalizing, or reflective functioning, refers to the capacity to reflect on one's own and others' mental states in terms of desires, intentions, and feelings. Reflective functioning in men's mental health is poorly understood, particularly in reference to men's resilience and motivation for personal growth. Using a cross-sectional design, the present study investigated impaired reflective functioning in relation to resilience and personal growth initiative among men with mental health concerns. An online sample of 1065 men self-reporting mental health concerns completed measures of reflective functioning, psychological distress, resilience, and personal growth initiative. Logistic regression examined reflective functioning in relation to likely serious mental illness, including interaction with age. Subsequent regression analyses controlled for distress severity in examining associations with resilience and personal growth initiative, and in examining the potential mediating role of reflective functioning. Impaired reflective functioning was significantly associated with serious psychological distress irrespective of age and, after controlling for distress severity, with resilience and personal growth initiative. Moreover, impaired reflective functioning was a significant mediator of the relationship between resilience and personal growth initiative. Findings provide preliminary support for reflective functioning as salient to men's resilience and agency for personal change, indicating a potentially important target in men's mental health work.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kealy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zac E Seidler
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John S Ogrodniczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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46
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NishanthaVadysinghe A, Thambirajah B, Denniss KM. Abuse of defibrillator pads: Suicide by electrocution. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 83:102252. [PMID: 34537515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a Case of a medical professional, with a very good knowledge of emergency medical devices, who committed suicide using defibrillator pads to electrocute. The decedent attached the defibrillator pads in the standard position on his chest and manually connected the terminals to an extension cord through an additional switching device. When he switched on the device, electricity passed through his heart. The autopsy showed attached defibrillator pads and severe skin burns beneath it. Scene findings were consistent with suicide. The cause of death was electrocution and manner of death was suicide. Suicide by electrocution is uncommon and suicide by electrocution using defibrillator pads has not been reported in English literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal NishanthaVadysinghe
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
| | - Balachandra Thambirajah
- Office of the Chief Medical Examiner/ Associate Clinical Professor in the Department of Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Bartova L, Dold M, Fugger G, Kautzky A, Mitschek MMM, Weidenauer A, Hienert MG, Frey R, Mandelli L, Zohar J, Mendlewicz J, Souery D, Montgomery S, Fabbri C, Serretti A, Kasper S. Sex-related effects in major depressive disorder: Results of the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression. Depress Anxiety 2021; 38:896-906. [PMID: 34110066 PMCID: PMC8453858 DOI: 10.1002/da.23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-related effects on the evolution and phenotype of major depressive disorder (MDD) were reported previously. METHODS This European multicenter cross-sectional study compared sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment patterns between males and females in a real-world sample of 1410 in- and outpatients with current MDD. RESULTS Male MDD patients (33.1%) were rather inpatients, suffered from moderate to high suicidality levels, received noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (ADs) as first-line AD treatment, generally higher mean AD daily doses, and showed a trend towards a more frequent administration of add-on treatments. Female MDD patients (66.9%) were rather outpatients, experienced lower suicidality levels, comorbid thyroid dysfunction, migraine, asthma, and a trend towards earlier disease onset. CONCLUSIONS The identified divergencies may contribute to the concept of male and female depressive syndromes and serve as predictors of disease severity and course, as they reflect phenomena that were repeatedly related to treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Especially the greater necessity of inpatient treatment and more complex psychopharmacotherapy in men may reflect increased therapeutic efforts undertaken to treat suicidality and to avoid TRD. Hence, considering sex may guide the diagnostic and treatment processes towards targeting challenging clinical manifestations including comorbidities and suicidality, and prevention of TRD and chronicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bartova
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Markus Dold
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Gernot Fugger
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Kautzky
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Ana Weidenauer
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Marius G. Hienert
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Richard Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Laura Mandelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Joseph Zohar
- Psychiatric DivisionChaim Sheba Medical CenterTel HashomerIsrael
| | | | - Daniel Souery
- School of MedicineFree University of BrusselsBrusselsBelgium,Psy Pluriel ‐ European Centre of Psychological MedicineBrusselsBelgium
| | - Stuart Montgomery
- Imperial College School of MedicineUniversity of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly,Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor SciencesUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria,Center for Brain ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Ojio Y, Matsunaga A, Yamaguchi S, Hatakeyama K, Kawamura S, Yoshitani G, Horiguchi M, Nakajima S, Kanie A, Horikoshi M, Fujii C. Association of mental health help-seeking with mental health-related knowledge and stigma in Japan Rugby Top League players. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256125. [PMID: 34432823 PMCID: PMC8386880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally increasing clinical and research interests are driving a movement to promote understanding and practice of mental health in elite athletes. However, few studies have yet addressed this issue. This study aims to describe the association of the intention to seek help with mental health knowledge and stigma and the severity of depressive symptoms in Japan Rugby Top League players. Methods As a target population, we studied 233 Japan Rugby Top League male players (25–29 years = 123 [52.8%]), who were born in Japan, using a cross-sectional design. Surveys were conducted using anonymous, web-based self-administered questionnaires. Structural equation modelling was performed to evaluate the hypothesis of an interrelationship between mental health knowledge, stigma, and severity of depressive symptoms as factors influencing the intention to seek help. Results Players with more severe depressive symptoms were more reluctant to seek help from others (β = - 0.20, p = 0.03). Players with greater knowledge about mental health tended to have less stigma toward others with mental health problems (β = 0.13, p = 0.049), but tended not to seek help with their own mental health problems. Conclusions Rugby players in need of mental health support, even with greater knowledge, tend not to seek help from others, while having less stigma toward people with mental health problems. Rugby players might require approaches other than a knowledge-based educational approach to encourage them to seek help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Ojio
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Asami Matsunaga
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Sosei Yamaguchi
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Shun Nakajima
- National Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Kanie
- National Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Horikoshi
- National Center for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiyo Fujii
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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Garcia-Fernández D, Fernández-Salinero S, Giorgi G, Topa G, Marcos Del Cano AM. The Impact of Suicide Utility Perception on News over Terminally Ill Patients' Suicide Attitudes: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168784. [PMID: 34444533 PMCID: PMC8394576 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Suicide represents a very important issue in public health. For approaching attitudes toward suicide, we have developed an instrument that, following previous recommendations, assesses specific thoughts related to the perception of suicide utility in the press. First of all, we will test the psychometric properties of the scale we created ad hoc for assessing suicide utility perception. After that, we expect to find that the suicide utility perception in the press will have a statistically significant impact on positive attitudes toward terminally ill patients' suicide (Hypothesis 1). In addition, this relationship will be mediated by suicide legitimation (Hypothesis 2). This mediation will be moderated by depressive symptomatology (Hypothesis 3). The sample was composed of 66 Spanish participants. Suicide legitimation was significantly related to the positive evaluation of terminally ill people's euthanasia. Finally, when the levels of depression's psychological concomitants increased, the support for terminally ill people's euthanasia increased as well. Implications and limitations have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Garcia-Fernández
- International School of Doctorate, The National Distance University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Gabriele Giorgi
- Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, 00163 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriela Topa
- Social and Organizational Psychology Department, The National Distance University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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50
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Saini P, Chopra J, Hanlon CA, Boland JE. A Case Series Study of Help-Seeking among Younger and Older Men in Suicidal Crisis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147319. [PMID: 34299773 PMCID: PMC8307966 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the continuing high suicide rates among young men, there is a need to understand help-seeking behaviour and engagement with tailored suicide prevention interventions. The aim of this study was to compare help-seeking among younger and older men who attended a therapeutic centre for men in a suicidal crisis. In this case series study, data were collected from 546 men who were referred into a community-based therapeutic service in North West England. Of the 546 men, 337 (52%) received therapy; 161 (48%) were aged between 18 and 30 years (mean age 24 years, SD = 3.4). Analyses included baseline differences, symptom trajectories for the CORE-34 Clinical Outcome Measure (CORE-OM), and engagement with the therapy. For the CORE-OM, there was a clinically significant reduction in mean scores between assessment and discharge (p < 0.001) for both younger and older men. At initial assessment, younger men were less affected by entrapment (46% vs. 62%; p = 0.02), defeat (33% vs. 52%; p = 0.01), not engaging in new goals (38% vs. 47%; p = 0.02), and positive attitudes towards suicide (14% vs. 18%; p = 0.001) than older men. At discharge assessment, older men were significantly more likely to have an absence of positive future thinking (15% vs. 8%; p = 0.03), have less social support (45% vs. 33%; p = 0.02), and feelings of entrapment (17% vs. 14%; p = 0.02) than younger men. Future research needs to assess the long-term effects of help-seeking using a brief psychological intervention for young men in order to understand whether the effects of the therapy are sustainable over a period of time following discharge from the service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Saini
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (J.C.); (C.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-151-231-8121
| | - Jennifer Chopra
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (J.C.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Claire A. Hanlon
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (J.C.); (C.A.H.)
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