1
|
Iman A, Rios-Mera JD, Rengifo E, Palomino F, Vela-Paredes R, Vásquez J, García de Sotero DE, Saldaña E, Siche R, Tello F. A Comparative Study of Freshwater Fish Burgers Made from Three Amazonian Species: Omega 3 Fortification and Sodium Reduction. Foods 2024; 13:565. [PMID: 38397542 PMCID: PMC10888483 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate burgers made from three Amazonian fish species: pacu (Pyaractus brachypomus), boquichico (Prochilodus nigricans), and bujurqui (Chaetobranchus flavescens), focusing on sodium reduction and fortification with fish oil microparticles (FOM) rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The proximal composition, sodium and calcium content, instrumental texture profile, fatty acid profile, sensory profile, and overall liking were evaluated. Differences in proximal composition and fatty acid profiles between the fillets were reflected in the burgers. Fortification with FOM increased EPA and DHA in the burgers; thus, they can be considered "high in omega-3 fatty acids" and reduced the n-6/n-3 ratio below 4. There were sensory attributes that could be related to lipid oxidation but reduced overall liking for less than 10% of consumers. Nevertheless, certain sensory attributes (grilled, characteristic, aromatic, tasty, tender, and juicy) had a positive impact on the overall liking of more than 20% of consumers, yielding adequate scores (between 5.60 and 5.71) on the 9-point hedonic scale. The production process must be optimized by knowing the fish fillet quality in depth, improving the FOM and burgers' oxidative stability, and achieving an adequate sensory and hedonic profile by employing consumers' vocabulary to characterize new products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Iman
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| | - Juan D. Rios-Mera
- Instituto de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidad Nacional de Jaén, Jaén 06800, Peru;
| | - Estefany Rengifo
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| | - Flavia Palomino
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| | - Rafael Vela-Paredes
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| | - Jessy Vásquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| | | | - Erick Saldaña
- Sensory Analysis and Consumer Study Group, Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Moquegua 18001, Peru;
| | - Raúl Siche
- Escuela de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13011, Peru;
| | - Fernando Tello
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos 16002, Peru; (A.I.); (E.R.); (F.P.); (R.V.-P.); (J.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stangierski J, Baranowska HM, Rezler R, Kawecki K. The Effect of Packaging Methods, Storage Time and the Fortification of Poultry Sausages with Fish Oil and Microencapsulated Fish Oil on Their Rheological and Water-Binding Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165235. [PMID: 36014468 PMCID: PMC9416377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate how liquid fish oil and microencapsulated oil additives influenced the rheological characteristics and the dynamics of water binding in vacuum-packed (VP) and modified-atmosphere-packed (MAP) poultry sausages during 21-day storage. In contrast to the control sample, the sausages enriched with microencapsulated fish oil (MC) were characterised by the greatest ability to accumulate deformation energy. The elastic properties of all sausage variants increased significantly in the subsequent storage periods, whereas the dynamic viscosity of the samples tended to decrease. This phenomenon was confirmed by the gradual reduction of water activity (Aw) in all sausages in the subsequent storage periods. The packaging method influenced the dynamics of water binding in an oil-additive-form-dependent manner. During the storage of the VP and MAP sausages, in samples with the fish oil additive the T1 value tended to increase while the Aw decreased. The T1 value in the MAP MC sample was similar. The FO additive resulted in greater mobility of both proton fractions in the MAP samples than in the VP samples. There were inverse relationships observed in the MC samples. The NMR tests showed that the VP samples with the MC additive were slightly better quality than the other samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Stangierski
- Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618-487-324
| | - Hanna Maria Baranowska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Rezler
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kawecki
- Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vargas-Ramella M, Lorenzo JM, Zamuz S, Montes L, Santos López EM, Moreira R, Franco D. Influence of pork backfat replacement by microencapsulated fish oil on physicochemical, rheological, nutritional, and sensory features of pork liver pâtés. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
Elsebaie EM, Kassem MM, Mousa MM, Basuony MAM, Zeima NM, Essa RY. Cod Liver Oil’s Encapsulation into Sodium Alginate/Lupin Protein Beads and Its Application in Functional Meatballs’ Preparation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091328. [PMID: 35564051 PMCID: PMC9105480 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cod liver oil (CLO) is an essential source of healthy ω-3 fatty acids to be employed in functional meals. However, its autoxidation sensitivity, solubility, and odour present it as challenging to handle. Its encapsulation might mitigate these problems. This research studied using alginate/lupine protein as a wall material for CLO encapsulation as well as to characterise CLO microcapsules for their size, sphericity factor, encapsulation efficiency, morphology (scanning electron microscopy), in vitro release, and thermal stability. In this study, the oxidative stability, quality parameters, and sensory attributes of meatballs enriched with free CLOs and encapsulated CLOs throughout storage at 4 ± 1 °C for 16 days were assessed. The CLO microspheres had a homogeneous round shape, a diameter of 0.82 ± 0.06 mm, a sphericity factor of 0.092 ± 0.01, an encapsulation efficiency of 95.62% ± 1.13%, and an accumulative release rate of 87.10% after 270 min in the stimulated gastrointestinal conditions. Additionally, it was discovered that encapsulated oil was more stable than free CLOs to heat treatments (70–100 °C, 24 h). pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, peroxide value, conjugated dienes value, and carbonyl content of meatballs enriched with microencapsulated CLOs were significantly lower when compared to free CLOs and/or control samples. CLO microcapsules improved the sensory characteristics of meatballs throughout storage; however, meatballs directly containing CLOs were rejected. Thus, the viability of alginate/LPI complex microcapsules containing CLOs to enrich meat products subjected to storage with refrigeration could be indicated without any change in the characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Essam Mohamed Elsebaie
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1556126015
| | - Mona Morgan Kassem
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh 33516, Egypt; (M.M.K.); (M.A.M.B.)
| | - Mona Metwally Mousa
- Food Science & Technology Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Tanta 11651, Egypt;
| | | | - Neveen M. Zeima
- Nutrition & Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Al-Azhar University, Tanta 11651, Egypt;
| | - Rowida Younis Essa
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh 33516, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Echeverria L, da Silva C, Danesi EDG, Porciuncula BDA, Bolanho Barros BC. Characterization of okara and rice bran and their application as fat substitutes in chicken nugget formulations. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
6
|
The Role of Microencapsulation in Food Application. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051499. [PMID: 35268603 PMCID: PMC8912024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern microencapsulation techniques are employed to protect active molecules or substances such as vitamins, pigments, antimicrobials, and flavorings, among others, from the environment. Microencapsulation offers advantages such as facilitating handling and control of the release and solubilization of active substances, thus offering a great area for food science and processing development. For instance, the development of functional food products, fat reduction, sensory improvement, preservation, and other areas may involve the use of microcapsules in various food matrices such as meat products, dairy products, cereals, and fruits, as well as in their derivatives, with good results. The versatility of applications arises from the diversity of techniques and materials used in the process of microencapsulation. The objective of this review is to report the state of the art in the application and evaluation of microcapsules in various food matrices, as a one-microcapsule-core system may offer different results according to the medium in which it is used. The inclusion of microcapsules produces functional products that include probiotics and prebiotics, as well as antioxidants, fatty acids, and minerals. Our main finding was that the microencapsulation of polyphenolic extracts, bacteriocins, and other natural antimicrobials from various sources that inhibit microbial growth could be used for food preservation. Finally, in terms of sensory aspects, microcapsules that mimic fat can function as fat replacers, reducing the textural changes in the product as well as ensuring flavor stability.
Collapse
|
7
|
Encapsulated EVOO Improves Food Safety and Shelf Life of Refrigerated Pre-Cooked Chicken Nuggets. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: New clean technologies are needed to reduce the high frying oil waste in the food industry of fried breaded products, together with the obtention of healthier (less fat content) and safer (less microbial growth and acrylamide formation) breaded products; (2) Methods: This study proposes the new technology consisting of incorporation of encapsulated extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) (α-cyclodextrin: EVOO ratio, 1:2.6) in the breadcrumbs (corn breadcrumbs:encapsulated oil ratio, 2:1) for breading chicken nuggets combined with oil-free pre-cooking (baking 150 °C/5 min) and cooking (baking 180 °C/13 min). As controls, a conventional deep-fat frying (180 °C/30 s) and new technology but without encapsulated EVOO were used; (3) Results: Fat content of baked chicken nuggets with the new technology was reduced by 88%, while no sensory differences were scored compared with conventional deep-fat frying. Furthermore, acrylamide formation was reduced by >55% with the new technology. During storage (4 °C) of pre-cooked chicken nuggets of new technology, microbial growth was reduced by 1.4 log units lower compared with deep-fat frying method; (4) Conclusions: the proposed new technology, based on encapsulated EVOO+oil-free pre-cooking/cooking, allows to obtain chicken nuggets that are healthier, safer, and have a longer shelf-life, while frying oil waste is avoided.
Collapse
|
8
|
Patel A, Desai SS, Mane VK, Enman J, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. Futuristic food fortification with a balanced ratio of dietary ω-3/ω-6 omega fatty acids for the prevention of lifestyle diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
9
|
Otero P, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Garcia-Oliveira P, Soria-Lopez A, Barba F, Xiao JB, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto M. Aquaculture and agriculture-by products as sustainable sources of omega-3 fatty acids in the food industry. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.53365/efood.k/144603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The valorization of by-products is currently a matter of great concern to improve the sustainability of the food industry. High quality by-products derived from the food chain are omega-3 fatty acids, being fish the main source of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. The search for economic and sustainable sources following the standards of circular economy had led to search for strategies that put in value new resources to obtain different omega-3 fatty acids, which could be further employed in the development of new industrial products without producing more wastes and economic losses. In this sense, seeds and vegetables, fruits and crustaceans by products can be an alternative. This review encompasses all these aspects on omega-3 fatty acids profile from marine and agri-food by-products together with their extraction and purification technologies are reported. These comprise conventional techniques like extraction with solvents, cold press, and wet pressing and, more recently proposed ones like, supercritical fluids fractionation and purification by chromatographic methods. The information collected indicates a trend to combine different conventional and emerging technologies to improve product yields and purity. This paper also addresses encapsulation strategies for their integration in novel foods to achieve maximum consumer acceptance and to ensure their effectiveness.
Collapse
|
10
|
de Jesus Freitas T, Assunção LS, de Lima Silva V, Oliveira TS, Conceição ISR, Machado BAS, Nunes IL, Otero DM, Ribeiro CDF. Prospective Study on Microencapsulation of Oils and Its Application in Foodstuffs. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 16:219-234. [PMID: 33888053 DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666210422123001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edible oils have gained the interest of several industrial sectors for the different health benefits they offer, such as the supply of bioactive compounds and essential fatty acids. Microencapsulation is one of the techniques that has been adopted by industries to minimize the degradation of oils, facilitating their processing. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the intellectual property related to patent documents referring to microencapsulated oils used in foods. METHODS This prospective study investigated the dynamics of patents filed in the Espacenet and National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) databases, and it mapped technological developments in microencapsulation in comparison with scientific literature. RESULTS The years 2015 and 2018 showed the greatest growth in the number of patents filed in the Espacenet and INPI databases, respectively, with China leading the domains of origin, inventors, and owners of microencapsulation technology. The largest number of applications of microcapsules were observed in the food industry, and the foods containing microencapsulated oils were powdered seasonings, dairy products, rice flour, nutritional formulae, pasta, nutritional supplements, and bread. The increase in oxidative stabilities of oils was the most cited objective to microencapsulate oils. Spray drying was the most widely used microencapsulation technique, and maltodextrin, gum arabic, and modified starch were the most widely used wall materials. CONCLUSION Microencapsulation of oils has been expanding over the years and increasing the possibilities of the use of microcapsules, but further investments and development of policies and incentive programs to boost this technology need to be made in less developed countries. For future perspectives, the microencapsulation technique is already a worldwide trend in the food industry, enabling the development of new products to facilitate their insertion in the consumer market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- University Center SENAI CIMATEC, National Service of Industrial Learning, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical's Formulations, SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Advanced Health Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Itaciara Larroza Nunes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Nutrition School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Improved Properties of Zein Encapsulating and Stabilizing Sacha Inchi Oil by Surfactant Combination of Lecithin and Tween 80. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
12
|
Physico-chemical, Sensory, and Antioxidant Characteristics of Olive Paste Enriched with Microencapsulated Thyme Essential Oil. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Kawecki K, Stangierski J, Konieczny P. An Analysis of Oxidative Changes and the Fatty Acid Profile in Stored Poultry Sausages with Liquid and Microencapsulated Fish Oil Additives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144293. [PMID: 34299569 PMCID: PMC8303385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study deals with the fatty acid profile and oxidative changes (TBARS) in vacuum-packed (VP) or modified-atmosphere-packed (MAP) finely-comminuted poultry sausages with liquid fish oil and microencapsulated fish oil (MC) additives. An analysis of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) showed that their content in the samples with the fish oil additive decreased from the initial value of 0.22 g∙100 g−1 of the product to 0.18 g∙100 g−1 (MAP) and 0.17 g∙100 g−1 (VP), respectively. After in vitro digestion, the total EPA and DHA content in the sample with microencapsulated oil amounted to 0.17 g∙100 g−1 of the product. The TBARS values showed the VP samples with both forms of the fish oil additive had the lowest values on the first day of storage. Storage of the samples for 21 days caused a slight increase in the degree of lipid oxidation. The research indicated that the forms of the oil additive did not have a negative influence on the sensory features or the physicochemical properties of the sausages. The EPA and DHA levels in samples with liquid fish oil and those with oil microcapsules were sufficient for the sausage producer to declare high content of these fatty acids in accordance with the current EC regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kawecki
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +48-798-137-580 (K.K.); +48-618-487-324 (J.S.)
| | - Jerzy Stangierski
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +48-798-137-580 (K.K.); +48-618-487-324 (J.S.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tripathy S, Verma DK, Thakur M, Patel AR, Srivastav PP, Singh S, Chávez-González ML, Aguilar CN. Encapsulated Food Products as a Strategy to Strengthen Immunity Against COVID-19. Front Nutr 2021; 8:673174. [PMID: 34095193 PMCID: PMC8175800 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.673174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-a novel coronavirus was identified which was quickly distributed to more than 100 countries around the world. There are currently no approved treatments available but only a few preventive measures are available. Among them, maintaining strong immunity through the intake of functional foods is a sustainable solution to resist the virus attack. For this, bioactive compounds (BACs) are delivered safely inside the body through encapsulated food items. Encapsulated food products have benefits such as high stability and bioavailability, sustained release of functional compounds; inhibit the undesired interaction, and high antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Several BACs such as ω-3 fatty acid, curcumin, vitamins, essential oils, antimicrobials, and probiotic bacteria can be encapsulated which exhibit immunological activity through different mechanisms. These encapsulated compounds can be recommended for use by various researchers, scientists, and industrial peoples to develop functional foods that can improve immunity to withstand the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the future. Encapsulated BACs, upon incorporation into food, offer increased functionality and facilitate their potential use as an immunity booster. This review paper aims to target various encapsulated food products and their role in improving the immunity system. The bioactive components like antioxidants, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols, omega (ω)-3 fatty acids, lycopene, probiotics, etc. which boost the immunity and may be a potential measure to prevent COVID-19 outbreak were comprehensively discussed. This article also highlights the potential mechanisms; a BAC undergoes, to improve the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soubhagya Tripathy
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Verma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mamta Thakur
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Ami R. Patel
- Division of Dairy and Food Microbiology, Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology, Mehsana, India
| | - Prem Prakash Srivastav
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Smita Singh
- Department of Life Sciences (Food Technology), Graphic Era (Deemed to Be) University, Dehradun, India
| | - Mónica L. Chávez-González
- Bioprocesses Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Cristobal N. Aguilar
- Bioprocesses Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Quality parameters and oxidative stability of functional beef burgers fortified with microencapsulated cod liver oil. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
16
|
Omega-3-Rich Oils from Marine Side Streams and Their Potential Application in Food. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050233. [PMID: 33919462 PMCID: PMC8143521 DOI: 10.3390/md19050233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid population growth and increasing food demand have impacts on the environment due to the generation of residues, which could be managed using sustainable solutions such as the circular economy strategy (waste generated during food processing must be kept within the food chain). Reusing discarded fish remains is part of this management strategy, since they contain high-value ingredients and bioactive compounds that can be used for the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Fish side streams such as the head, liver, or skin or the cephalothorax, carapace, and tail from shellfish are important sources of oils rich in omega-3. In order to resolve the disadvantages associated with conventional methods, novel extraction techniques are being optimized to improve the quality and the oxidative stability of these high-value oils. Positive effects on cardiovascular and vision health, diabetes, cancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, and immune system improvement are among their recognized properties. Their incorporation into different model systems could contribute to the development of functional foods, with market benefits for consumers. These products improve the nutritional needs of specific population groups in a scenario where noncommunicable diseases and pandemic crises are responsible for several deaths worldwide.
Collapse
|
17
|
The Influence of Packing Methods and Storage Time of Poultry Sausages with Liquid and Microencapsulated Fish Oil Additives on Their Physicochemical, Microbial and Sensory Properties. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21082653. [PMID: 33918963 PMCID: PMC8068887 DOI: 10.3390/s21082653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of refined fish oil additives in liquid and microencapsulated forms, packing method (VP—vacuum packing, MAP—modified atmosphere packing) and storage time (1, 7, 14, 21 days) on selected physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of minced poultry sausage. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that the fish oil additive, packing method and storage time significantly influenced some of the physicochemical characteristics of the sausages. The pH value was negatively correlated with the type of sample and packing method. The water activity decreased along with the storage time. The sausages with microcapsules had distinguishable hardness, gumminess and chewiness than the other samples. This tendency increased in the subsequent storage periods. The packing method and storage time of the samples had a statistically significant influence on the growth of the total colony count and count of lactic acid bacteria (p < 0.05). The most aerobic bacteria were found in the control sample, and the least in the sample with microcapsules, regardless of the packing method. The use of MAP and the addition of microcapsules resulted in the lowest microbiological contamination of the sausages. The sensory analysis made by a trained panel did not show any significant differences between the samples. After 21-day storage of the sausages there was a slight decrease in some of the sensory parameters, e.g., color, smell, taste. The liquid oil and microencapsulated oil additives in the meat filling did not negatively affect the taste or any physicochemical characteristics of the meat products. From the microbiological perspective, there were better effects from the MAP method.
Collapse
|
18
|
Fish Oil Microcapsules as Omega-3 Enrichment Strategy: Changes in Volatile Compounds of Meat Products during Storage and Cooking. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040745. [PMID: 33915969 PMCID: PMC8067074 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aims to analyze the effects of processing and storage on the volatile compound profile of different meat products enriched in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Monolayered (Mo) and multilayered (Mu) microcapsules of fish oil were tested. The profiles of volatile compounds were analyzed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The enrichment with Mo significantly increases the abundance of volatile compounds from lipid oxidation and markers of ω-3 PUFA oxidation, which may be related to the multilayer structure of chitosan–maltodextrin in Mu that achieves greater fish oil protection than the simple coating of maltodextrin in Mo. Besides, the changes in volatile compounds during storage depends on the type of fish oil microcapsules and the meat products, having an increased abundance of ω-3 PUFA oxidation markers in dry-cured sausages added with Mo. However, the enrichment of these meat products with Mo and Mu does not modify the usual variations in the volatile compound profile during culinary cooking. Thus, the addition of multilayer fish oil microcapsules may be a suitable option for enrichment of meat products in ω-3 PUFA without modifying the abundance of volatile compounds, including oxidation markers.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pourashouri P, Shabanpour B, Heydari S, Raeisi S. Encapsulation of fish oil by carrageenan and gum tragacanth as wall materials and its application to the enrichment of chicken nuggets. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
20
|
Solomando JC, Antequera T, Ventanas S, Perez‐Palacios T. Sensory profile and consumer perception of meat products enriched with EPA and DHA using fish oil microcapsules. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Solomando
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar) University of Extremadura Avda. de las Ciencias s/n Cáceres10003Spain
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar) University of Extremadura Avda. de las Ciencias s/n Cáceres10003Spain
| | - Sonia Ventanas
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar) University of Extremadura Avda. de las Ciencias s/n Cáceres10003Spain
| | - Trinidad Perez‐Palacios
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar) University of Extremadura Avda. de las Ciencias s/n Cáceres10003Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Effect of Omega-3 Microcapsules Addition on the Profile of Volatile Compounds in Enriched Dry-Cured and Cooked Sausages. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111683. [PMID: 33217971 PMCID: PMC7698614 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was evaluating the effect of enriching meat products (cooked (C-SAU) and dry-cured sausages (D-SAU)) with monolayered (Mo) and multilayered (Mu) fish oil microcapsules on the profile of volatile compounds, with special interest in lipid oxidation markers. For that, Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were used. Significant differences were found in the volatile compound profile between Mo and Mu, which was been reflected in the meat samples. Thus, in general, volatile compounds from lipid oxidation have shown higher abundance in Mo and C-SAU and D-SAU enriched with this type of microcapsule, indicating that the wall of Mu (chitosan-maltodextrine) might protect the encapsulated bioactive compounds more effectively than that of Mo (maltodextrine). However, this finding is not reflected in the results of previous studies evaluating the sensory perception and oxidation stability of C-SAU and D-SAU, but it should be considered since unhealthy oxidation products can be formed in the enriched meat products with Mo. Thus, the addition of Mu as an omega-3 vehicle for enriching meat products may be indicated.
Collapse
|
22
|
Baéza E. Characteristics of processed poultry products. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1834340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
23
|
Variability in Phytochemical Contents and Biological Potential of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Extracts: Toward a New Opportunity for Minced Beef Meat Preservation. J FOOD QUALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8853196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraction of Tunisian pomegranate peels was employed with different solvents such as ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, and water. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial capacity against five foodborne pathogenic bacteria were evaluated. The highest values of polyphenols (351 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), flavonoids (104 mg quercetin/g), and DPPH and ABTS inhibition were recorded in the ethyl acetate extract followed by the aqueous extract. The latter present the maximum antibacterial potential against S. enterica, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli. The potential use of the lyophilized aqueous extract (AE), used for safety reason and being rich in phenolic, as biopreservative in minced beef meat was described. AE was incorporated at 0.1, 0.5, and 1% and compared with 0.1% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). During 21 days at 4°C, AE at 1% could appreciably retard the microflora proliferation (p<0.05), the accumulation of MetMb and the carbonyl group (p<0.05), slowing down the loss of sulphydryl proteins (p<0.05), and led to a decrease (p<0.05) in primary (peroxide value and conjugated dienes) and secondary lipid oxidation (TBARS) in treated meat. By the 14th day, AE-treated minced meat obtained higher sensory scores than untreated and BHT samples. Based on these results, lipid and protein oxidation changes and sensorial attributes were useful in discriminating meat samples by overall acceptability prediction. Generally, AE at 1% presented the potent preservative effect that could be utilized as an application on meat-substituting synthetic antioxidant.
Collapse
|
24
|
Pourashouri P, Shabanpour B, Kordjazi M, Jamshidi A. Characteristic and shelf life of fish sausage: fortification with fish oil through emulsion and gelled emulsion incorporated with green tea extract. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4474-4482. [PMID: 32399983 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys moltrix) fish sausages incorporated with three forms of refined cod liver oil (as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids: fish oil, oil-in-water emulsion (E), gelled oil-in-water emulsion (G)) and lyophilized aqueous extract of green tea (Camellia sinensis; 700 and 900 mg kg-1 ) were developed. The composition, technological properties (cooking loss, pH, texture, and color), sensory analysis, and microbial and oxidative stability of fish sausages during storage (4 °C) were evaluated. RESULTS Lower value of cooking loss and thiobarbituric acid value were observed by addition of fish oil in emulsions forms. The incorporation of green tea showed no significant differences in preventing oxidation in related samples. Gelled-emulsified fish oil had better textural properties, including hardness and decreased springiness of the sausages. The G and E sausages showed higher values of lightness (L* ) than the control did. Emulsification had no significant effect on total viable count. Panelists could not distinguish between samples incorporated with fish oil whether in emulsified, gelled-emulsified, or control. Gelled-emulsified treatments were awarded higher scores by panelists for all of the sensory attributes (P < 0.05). Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid quantities significantly increased from control (0.48 mg g-1 and 0.46 mg g-1 sample respectively) to the enriched batches (>1.50 mg g-1 sample). The lowest ratio of ω6 to ω3 in batches was observed for gelled-emulsified samples. CONCLUSION Overall, the addition of free fish oil affected the properties of the sausages. The gelled-emulsified treatment was a suitable fish oil delivery system in fish sausages, which maintained sensory properties during refrigerated storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Pourashouri
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Shabanpour
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Moazameh Kordjazi
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Aniseh Jamshidi
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Geranpour M, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Recent advances in the spray drying encapsulation of essential fatty acids and functional oils. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
26
|
Solomando JC, Antequera T, Perez-Palacios T. Lipid digestion and oxidative stability in ω-3-enriched meat model systems: Effect of fish oil microcapsules and processing or culinary cooking. Food Chem 2020; 328:127125. [PMID: 32480262 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the addition of monolayered (MO) and multilayered (MU) fish oil microcapsules to meat model systems and determines the effects of processing and culinary cooking. Adding MO and MU increased the content of EPA and DHA and the level of secondary oxidation products but being far away from the oxidation values that generate anomalous flavours. However, it did not lead to oxidative damage of the enriched batches or affect the moisture and lipid content during processing and/or culinary cooking. The type of fish oil microcapsules, the processing and/or culinary cooking and the type of meat matrix influenced the fatty acid digestion. The highest bioaccessibility of EPA and DHA occurred in cooked samples enriched with MO after processing and before culinary cooking. To optimize EPA and DHA enrichment and bioaccessibility, the type of fish oil microcapsules may be selected as a function of the type of added meat products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Solomando
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Trinidad Perez-Palacios
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Raeisi S, Ojagh SM, Pourashouri P, Salaün F, Quek SY. Shelf-life and quality of chicken nuggets fortified with encapsulated fish oil and garlic essential oil during refrigerated storage. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:121-128. [PMID: 33505056 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Fish oil (FO) is a rich source of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFA) which are important for human health. This research investigated the fortification of chicken nuggets with encapsulated FO-Garlic essential oil (GEO) as a possible way for delivery of ω-3 LCPUFA. Five different chicken nugget samples were prepared according to different treatments: Control sample (without fish oil and encapsulated FO-GEO), bulk fish oil samples (0.4% and 0.8%, w/w), and encapsulated FO-GEO samples (4% and 8%, w/w). The quality of the chicken nugget samples were monitored during a 20-day refrigerated storage. Results showed that the addition of encapsulated FO-GEO could significantly delay lipid oxidation and microbiological spoilage of the samples during refrigerated storage. This is reflected by the pH, PV, TBARS and TVBN data (P < 0.05). Samples fortified with encapsulated FO-GEO also showed significantly higher sensory quality and overall acceptability (P < 0.05). The use of 8% encapsulated FO-GEO gave the best antioxidative and antimicrobial properties during storage. However, the best sensory scores were observed in the 4% encapsulated FO-GEO up to 20 days of storage. This study demonstrated that the encapsulated FO-GEO could be used for fortifying and extending shelf-life of food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Raeisi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Ojagh
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Parastoo Pourashouri
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Fabien Salaün
- GEMTEX - Laboratoire de Génie et Matériaux Textiles, ENSAIT, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science Programme, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, 1010 New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellent, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Liu J, Zhou H, Muriel Mundo JL, Tan Y, Pham H, McClements DJ. Fabrication and characterization of W/O/W emulsions with crystalline lipid phase. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
30
|
Liu J, Kharat M, Tan Y, Zhou H, Muriel Mundo JL, McClements DJ. Impact of fat crystallization on the resistance of W/O/W emulsions to osmotic stress: Potential for temperature-triggered release. Food Res Int 2020; 134:109273. [PMID: 32517945 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions can be designed to encapsulate, protect, and release both hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional compounds. In this study, we examined the impact of crystallizing the fat phase on the resistance of W/O/W emulsions to osmotic stress, with the aim of developing osmotic-responsive systems. Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) was used as a hydrophobic surfactant to stabilize the inner water droplets, while Quillaja saponin and whey protein isolate (WPI) were used as hydrophilic surfactants to coat the oil droplets. The impact of fat crystallization was examined by using either a liquid (soybean oil, SO) or semi-solid (hydrogenated soybean oil, HSO) fat as the oil phase. An osmotic stress was generated by establishing a sucrose concentration gradient between the internal and external water phases. Alterations in the droplet size, morphology, and stability of the W/O/W emulsions was measured when the sucrose concentration gradient was changed. The W/O droplets in the SO-emulsions swelled/shrank when the external sucrose concentration was below/above the internal sucrose concentration, which is indicative of water diffusing into/out of the droplets. Conversely, there was no change in the size of the W/O droplets in the HSO-emulsions under the same conditions, which was attributed to the mechanical strength of the fat crystal network resisting swelling or shrinking. HSO-emulsions did exhibit swelling when they were heated above a critical temperature, due to melting of the fat crystals and disruption of the crystal network. Our results demonstrate that crystallization of the oil phase of W/O/W emulsions can prevent water transport due to osmotic stress, which may be useful for developing temperature-triggered delivery systems for application in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, or personal care products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinning Liu
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Mahesh Kharat
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yunbing Tan
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hualu Zhou
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jorge L Muriel Mundo
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - David Julian McClements
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Solomando JC, Antequera T, González-Mohíno A, Perez-Palacios T. Fish oil/lycopene microcapsules as a source of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids: a case study on spreads. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1875-1886. [PMID: 31821560 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of omega-3 fatty acids has many beneficial effects for human health, but the intake of foods rich in these fatty acids is not enough to achieve the recommended quantity per person and per day, and their direct addition in foods cause oxidation and unacceptable rancidity and off-flavor. Taking account of all these aspects, this study was aimed to develop stable microcapsules of fish oil (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) and lycopene (antioxidant) and to investigate their effect on different spreads. RESULTS The inclusion of different proportions of lycopene in fish oil did not show great benefits in the quality characteristics of emulsions and microcapsules. After the addition of fish oil and fish oil + lycopene microcapsules to dry-cured ham and cheese spreads, no significant differences were found in the proximal composition and oxidative stability, whereas fatty acids composition and sensory analysis were influenced. The eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids content increased with the fish oil content in both products, but it decreased significantly after storage in the cheese spreads. Addition of microcapsules did not significantly influence on quantitative-descriptive and acceptability sensory analyses in dry-cured spreads, but it negatively affected the flavor of cheese spreading creams. CONCLUSION There is no need to add antioxidants to improve the stability of the fish oil microcapsules in the present study, which are appropriate as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid vehicles to enrich meat-derived spreading creams. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Solomando
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stangierski J, Rezler R, Kawecki K, Peplińska B. Effect of microencapsulated fish oil powder on selected quality characteristics of chicken sausages. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2043-2051. [PMID: 31875966 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Encapsulation of fish oil for use as oil powder for the human food industry offers new product design possibilities. The fat content of fish is unique in the amount of of long chain n-3 fatty acid that it contains. It can be expected that developing innovative food products with significantly improved nutritional value can simultaneously affect their rheological and sensory qualities in different ways. The present study aimed to compared the influence of the addition of fish oil and microencapsulated fish oil on the mechanical, structural, and sensory properties of poultry sausages during 21-day storage. RESULTS In comparison with other systems, sausages enriched with microencapsulated fish oil were characterized by a greater capacity to accumulate potential strain energy (G') and by statistically significantly greater hardness measured in all the storage periods that were tested. The sausages enriched with microencapsulated fish oil were characterized by higher water activity than the other sausage variants. The analysis of cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) images indicated the presence of a large evenly dispersed oil phase and microcapsules in the structure of the sausages. The sample with the addition of microcapsules was characterized by higher values on the smell and consistency parameters. CONCLUSION The better results in the sensory evaluation of the structural parameters of the sample with microcapsules were consistent with the results of instrumental assessments. The use of microencapsulated fish oil powder as an ingredient of chicken sausages therefore seems to be a promising concept. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Stangierski
- Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Rezler
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kawecki
- Department of Food Quality and Safety Management, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Solomando JC, Antequera T, Pérez-Palacios T. Study on fish oil microcapsules as neat and added to meat model systems: Enrichment and bioaccesibility of EPA and DHA. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
34
|
Granato D, Barba FJ, Bursać Kovačević D, Lorenzo JM, Cruz AG, Putnik P. Functional Foods: Product Development, Technological Trends, Efficacy Testing, and Safety. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:93-118. [PMID: 31905019 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Functional foods is a very popular term in the social and scientific media; consequently, food producers have invested resources in the development of processed foods that may provide added functional benefits to consumers' well-being. Because of intrinsic regulation and end-of-use purposes in different countries, worldwide meanings and definitions of this term are still unclear. Hence, here we standardize this definition and propose a guideline to attest that some ingredients or foods truly deserve this special designation. Furthermore, focus is directed at the most recent studies and practical guidelines that can be used to develop and test the efficacy of potentially functional foods and ingredients. The most widespread functional ingredients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics, and antioxidants, and their technological means of delivery in food products are described. The review discusses the steps that food companies should take to ensure that their developed food product is truly functional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Granato
- Innovative Food System, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-0250 Espoo, Finland;
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | | | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Vinas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Science, Education and Technology of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), 20260-100 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chan-Higuera JE, Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Lipan L, Cano-Lamadrid M, Rizzitano R, Carbonell-Barrachina AA. Evaluation of Dosidicus gigas Skin Extract as An Antioxidant and Preservative in Tuna Pâté. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120693. [PMID: 31861248 PMCID: PMC6963961 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A strategy for food preservation, based on a methanol–HCl squid skin extract (Dosidicus gigas) (JSSE), was evaluated at two concentrations in yellowfin tuna fish pâtés, which were stored at 4 and 8 °C for 20 day. The JSSE was characterized by determining its antioxidant and mutagenic activities. A yellowfin tuna pâté was elaborated, with and without the addition of the JSSE. An affective sensory analysis was performed to establish consumers’ preferences. During a 20-day storage period, the water activity (aw), pH, color difference (ΔE*ab), microbiological analysis, lipid oxidation and sensory quality attributes were evaluated, and the results were compared with the results of the butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and control treatments. The JSSE showed antioxidant activity against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●+) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS●) radicals and did not induce mutation, according to the Ames’ Salmonella test, nor chromosomal abnormalities, according to the onion root-tip cell assay. The consumer analysis demonstrated a higher preference for the pâté with the added JSSE in seven out of the eight evaluated attributes. During storage, the JSSE neither had an impact on aw nor pH, maintained lower ΔE*ab values, inhibited the microbial activity and lipid oxidation (unlike the control pâté), and preserved the sensory quality attributes, unlike the BHA and control treatments. This study showed that the JSSE has biologically active pigments that can act as antioxidants and antimicrobials in yellowfin tuna fish pâtés.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Enrique Chan-Higuera
- Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria, CSA, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.E.C.-H.); (L.L.); (M.C.-L.); (R.R.)
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd, Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Josafat Marina Ezquerra-Brauer
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd, Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, C.P. 83000 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.M.E.-B.); (A.A.C.-B.)
| | - Leontina Lipan
- Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria, CSA, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.E.C.-H.); (L.L.); (M.C.-L.); (R.R.)
| | - Marina Cano-Lamadrid
- Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria, CSA, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.E.C.-H.); (L.L.); (M.C.-L.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberta Rizzitano
- Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria, CSA, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.E.C.-H.); (L.L.); (M.C.-L.); (R.R.)
| | - Angel Antonio Carbonell-Barrachina
- Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria, CSA, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; (J.E.C.-H.); (L.L.); (M.C.-L.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.E.-B.); (A.A.C.-B.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Solomando JC, Antequera T, Perez-Palacios T. Evaluating the use of fish oil microcapsules as omega-3 vehicle in cooked and dry-cured sausages as affected by their processing, storage and cooking. Meat Sci 2019; 162:108031. [PMID: 31864039 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the use of monolayered (Mo) and multilayered (Mu) fish oil microcapsules as vehicles of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cooked and dry-cured meat products as affected by the storage and culinary heating or dry-cured processing. Proximate composition, oxidation, EPA and DHA quantity, acceptability and morphology were evaluated. Mo and Mu microcapsules increased the quantity of EPA and DHA, leading to cooked and dry-cured products susceptible to be labeled as "source of omega-3 fatty acids", without influencing physico-chemical characteristics, oxidative stability, acceptability or usual changes that take place during the culinary heating or dry-cured processing. The storage at refrigeration influenced on usual modifications on lipid oxidation and hedonic scores, but overall quality of the meat products enriched seems not to be impaired after storing. Thus, it could be indicated the viability of Mo and Mu as vehicles to enrich meat products subjected to low and high temperature for manufacturing, storage at refrigeration and culinary heating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Solomando
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Trinidad Perez-Palacios
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IProCar), University of Extremadura, Avda. de las Ciencias s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jamshidi A, Shabanpour B, Pourashouri P, Raeisi M. Optimization of encapsulation of fish protein hydrolysate and fish oil in
W
1
/
O
/
W
2
double emulsion: Evaluation of sensory quality of fortified yogurt. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniseh Jamshidi
- Department of Fisheries Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Bahareh Shabanpour
- Department of Fisheries Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Parastoo Pourashouri
- Department of Fisheries Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Mojtaba Raeisi
- Cereal Health Research Center Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
- Food, Drug and Natural Products Health Rearch Center Golestan University of Medical Sciences Gorgan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gómez-Estaca J, Pintado T, Jiménez-Colmenero F, Cofrades S. Assessment of a healthy oil combination structured in ethyl cellulose and beeswax oleogels as animal fat replacers in low-fat, PUFA-enriched pork burgers. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-02281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
39
|
Pérez-Palacios T, Ruiz-Carrascal J, Solomando JC, Antequera T. Strategies for Enrichment in ω-3 Fatty Acids Aiming for Healthier Meat Products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1584817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Pérez-Palacios
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IproCar), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Carrascal
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IproCar), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Solomando
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IproCar), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Research Institute of Meat and Meat Products (IproCar), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Using WPC-inulin-fucoidan complexes for encapsulation of fish protein hydrolysate and fish oil in W1/O/W2 emulsion: Characterization and nutritional quality. Food Res Int 2018; 114:240-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
41
|
Pérez-Palacios T, Ruiz-Carrascal J, Jiménez-Martín E, Solomando JC, Antequera T. Improving the lipid profile of ready-to-cook meat products by addition of omega-3 microcapsules: effect on oxidation and sensory analysis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5302-5312. [PMID: 29656385 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The omega-3 enrichment of ready-to-cook meat products by microencapsulated fish oil (MFO) addition was analyzed. Accordingly, three batches of chicken nuggets were prepared: (i) control (C); (ii) enriched in bulk fish oil (BFO); and (iii) with added MFO. Sensory features, acceptability, oxidative stability and volatile compounds were analyzed. RESULTS MFO nuggets did not differ from C ones with respect to any sensory trait. BFO showed increased juiciness and saltiness but decreased meat flavor. Acceptability was not affected by enrichment. Consumers were not able to differentiate between C and MFO in a triangle test, although they could clearly identify BFO nuggets. Higher levels of lipid and protein oxidation indicators and of volatile compounds from fatty acid oxidation were found in BFO nuggets compared to C and MFO nuggets. CONCLUSION Enrichment of ready-to-cook meat products in omega-3 fatty acids with MFO provides both lipid and protein oxidative protection without changes in sensory quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Pérez-Palacios
- Food Technology, School of Veterinary Science-Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Carrascal
- Food Technology, School of Veterinary Science-Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Estefanía Jiménez-Martín
- Food Technology, School of Veterinary Science-Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Solomando
- Food Technology, School of Veterinary Science-Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Teresa Antequera
- Food Technology, School of Veterinary Science-Institute of Meat and Meat Products, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Relationships Between Textural Modifications, Lipid and Protein Oxidation and Sensory Attributes of Refrigerated Turkey Meat Sausage Treated with Bacteriocin BacTN635. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-017-1933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
43
|
Effect of the partial replacement of pork backfat by microencapsulated fish oil or mixed fish and olive oil on the quality of frankfurter type sausage. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:26-37. [PMID: 28242900 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Frankfurter sausages were reformulated to produce better lipid compositions by replacing the pork backfat by healthy oils. Sausages in, three different batches were manufactured: control (CO) with 100% of pork backfat, and modified sausages where the pork backfat was replaced with 50% by microencapsulated fish oil (ME) and by unencapsulated olive and fish oil mixture (OM). The ME treatments showed the lowest pH, fat and energy values and the highest protein and carbohydrates levels. The fat replacement by oils significantly (P < 0.05) affected to color parameters, since the ME batches presented the highest L* and b* values, whereas the OM treatments showed the highest values of a* values. As expected, the replacement of backfat by oils also greatly modified the fatty acids profile, since the OM group had the highest MUFA and n-3 PUFA contents. The microencapsulation process significantly (P < 0.001) increased the lipid oxidation. The ME batch presented the highest TBARS values and volatile compounds derivate from lipid oxidation, while the OM treatment showed the same lipid oxidation rate as CO group.
Collapse
|
44
|
Domínguez R, Pateiro M, Sichetti Munekata PE, Bastianello Campagnol PC, Lorenzo JM. Influence of partial pork backfat replacement by fish oil on nutritional and technological properties of liver pâté. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de GaliciaSan Cibrao das Viñas Ourense Spain
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de GaliciaSan Cibrao das Viñas Ourense Spain
| | - Paulo Eduardo Sichetti Munekata
- Department of Food EngineeringCollege of Animal Science Food EngineeringUniversity of São Paulo Pirassununga São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de GaliciaSan Cibrao das Viñas Ourense Spain
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Peanparkdee M, Iwamoto S, Yamauchi R. MICROENCAPSULATION: A REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS IN THE FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7831/ras.4.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Methavee Peanparkdee
- Division of Science of Biological Resources, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
| | - Satoshi Iwamoto
- Division of Science of Biological Resources, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Ryo Yamauchi
- Division of Science of Biological Resources, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University
| |
Collapse
|