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Dobosy P, Nguyen HTP, Záray G, Streli C, Ingerle D, Ziegler P, Radtke M, Buzanich AG, Endrédi A, Fodor F. Effect of iodine species on biofortification of iodine in cabbage plants cultivated in hydroponic cultures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15794. [PMID: 38982208 PMCID: PMC11233580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Iodine is an essential trace element in the human diet because it is involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects over 2.2 billion people worldwide, making it a significant challenge to find plant-based sources of iodine that meet the recommended daily intake of this trace element. In this study, cabbage plants were cultivated in a hydroponic system containing iodine at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/L in the form of potassium iodide or potassium iodate. During the experiments, plant physiological parameters, biomass production, and concentration changes of iodine and selected microelements in different plant parts were investigated. In addition, the oxidation state of the accumulated iodine in root samples was determined. Results showed that iodine addition had no effect on photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content. Iodide treatment did not considerably stimulate biomass production but iodate treatment increased it at concentrations less than 0.5 mg/L. Increasing iodine concentrations in the nutrient solutions increased iodine content in all plant parts; however, the iodide treatment was 2-7 times more efficient than the iodate treatment. It was concluded, that iodide addition was more favourable on the target element accumulation, however, it should be highlighted that application of this chemical form in nutrient solution decreased the concetrations of selected micoelement concentration comparing with the control plants. It was established that iodate was reduced to iodide during its uptake in cabbage roots, which means that independently from the oxidation number of iodine (+ 5, - 1) applied in the nutrient solutions, the reduced form of target element was transported to the aerial and edible tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Hoang Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Záray
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christina Streli
- Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Ingerle
- Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Ziegler
- Vienna University of Technology, Atominstitut, Stadionallee 2, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Radtke
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Guilherme Buzanich
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anett Endrédi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina Út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fodor
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Sétány 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
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Nascimento VL, Souza BCOQ, Lopes G, Guilherme LRG. On the Role of Iodine in Plants: A Commentary on Benefits of This Element. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836835. [PMID: 35392505 PMCID: PMC8980854 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guilherme Lopes
- Soil Science Department, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
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Grzanka M, Smoleń S, Skoczylas Ł, Grzanka D. Synthesis of Organic Iodine Compounds in Sweetcorn under the Influence of Exogenous Foliar Application of Iodine and Vanadium. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061822. [PMID: 35335186 PMCID: PMC8950039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A human’s diet should be diverse and rich in vitamins, macro- and microelements essential for the proper functioning of the human body. Globally, a high percentage of the human population suffers from malnutrition, deficiencies of nutrients and vitamins also known as the problem of hidden hunger. This problem it is not only common in poor countries, but also occurs in developed countries. Iodine is a nutrient crucial for the proper functioning of the human and animal body. For plants, it is referred to as a beneficial element or even a microelement. The design of the biofortification experiment was determined on the basis of the interaction of iodine and vanadium (synergistic interaction in marine algae), where vanadium-dependent iodoperoxidase catalyzes apoplastic oxidation of iodine, resulting in high efficiency of iodine uptake and accumulation in brown algae (Laminaria digitate). Three independent experiments (Exp.) were carried out with the foliar application of vanadium (V) and iodine (I) compounds. The main differences between the experiments with the adapted proper corn biofortification method were the different application stage between the individual experiments, the application intervals and the dose of the iodine–vanadium compound. In each experiment, the accumulation of iodine and vanadium in the grain was several times lower than in the leaves. The combination iodine and vanadium significantly increased the accumulation of iodine in the grain in the case of applying V with inorganic iodine compounds, and a decrease in the accumulation of I after applying V with organic iodine compound —especially in Exp. No. 3. In grain, the highest content of I−, IO3− was in combination with the application of 2-iodobenzoic acid (products of its metabolism). In most of the tested combinations, vanadium stimulated the accumulation/synthesis of exogenous/endogenous 5-iodosalicylic acid (5ISA) and 2-iodobenzoic acid (2IBeA), respectively, and decreased the content of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (2,3,5-triIBeA) in leaves and grains. The tested compounds I and V and the combinations of their application had a diversified effect on the vitamin C content in the grains. Vanadium in the lower dose of 0.1 µM significantly increased the sugar content in the grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Grzanka
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Łukasz Skoczylas
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Dominik Grzanka
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (D.G.)
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Mandel M, Holtmann L, Raiwa M, Wunnenberg-Gust A, Riebe B, Walther C. Imaging of I, Re and Tc plant uptake on the single-cell scale using SIMS and rL-SNMS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127143. [PMID: 34517301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In radioecological studies, there is a significant need for understanding the plant uptake of radionuclides on a cellular level. The present work applies mass spectrometry to image the radionuclide distribution within the cellular structures of plants at varying concentrations. In a first step, plants of Daucus carota and Pisum sativum labelled with iodine and rhenium were examined, at concentrations in the range of 10 mM. Cross sections of several plant parts were imaged by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) after cryogenation in order to preserve cell structure. In a second step, the distribution of 99Tc in the two plant species was determined. For radiological reasons, a concentration three orders of magnitude lower was used, rendering measurements with SIMS impossible. Therefore, resonant laser secondary neutral mass spectrometry (rL-SNMS) was used for the first time to image 99Tc with suppression of molecular isobaric interferences. The measurement of only about 1010 atoms of 99Tc atoms is demonstrated and the distribution of 99Tc within a single epidermal cell is imaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Mandel
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Linus Holtmann
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Manuel Raiwa
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Annika Wunnenberg-Gust
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Beate Riebe
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Walther
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
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Dobosy P, Endrédi A, Sandil S, Vetési V, Rékási M, Takács T, Záray G. Biofortification of Potato and Carrot With Iodine by Applying Different Soils and Irrigation With Iodine-Containing Water. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:593047. [PMID: 33362822 PMCID: PMC7755595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.593047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of iodine by potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativus) plants cultivated on different soils (sand, sandy silt, and silt) using irrigation water containing iodine at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L was investigated. In the edible organs of potato and carrot control plants grown on sand, sandy silt, and silt soils, the iodine concentrations were 0.15, 0.17, and 0.20 mg/kg (potato) and 0.012, 0.012, and 0.013 mg/kg (carrot); after the treatment by applying 0.5 mg/L iodine dosage, the iodine concentrations were 0.21, 0.19, 0.27 mg/kg (potato) and 3.5, 3.7, 3.0 mg/kg (carrot), respectively. Although the iodine treatment had no significant effect on the biomass production of these plants, in potato tubers, it resulted in higher Fe and lower Mg and P concentrations, whereas no similar trend was observable in carrot roots. The accumulation of Mn, Cu, Zn, and B in the edible part of both plants was not influenced by the iodine treatment. The soil properties did not have a significant impact on biomass production under the same environmental conditions. The concentration and the distribution of iodine in both plants were slightly modified by the growing medium; however, the photosynthetic efficiency and the chlorophyll content index of potato plants cultivated in silt soil increased significantly. Potato plant was not suitable for biofortification with iodine, while considering the iodine concentration and the moisture content of carrot roots, it can be calculated that consuming 100 g fresh carrot would cover about 38% of the daily iodine intake requirement for an average adult person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Dobosy
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Endrédi
- GINOP Evolutionary Systems Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Sirat Sandil
- Cooperative Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Vetési
- Cooperative Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márk Rékási
- MTA Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Takács
- MTA Centre for Agricultural Research, Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Záray
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- Cooperative Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Biofortification of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with iodine in a plant-calcareous sandy soil system irrigated with water containing KI. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Incrocci L, Carmassi G, Maggini R, Poli C, Saidov D, Tamburini C, Kiferle C, Perata P, Pardossi A. Iodine Accumulation and Tolerance in Sweet Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) With Green or Purple Leaves Grown in Floating System Technique. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1494. [PMID: 31921224 PMCID: PMC6930681 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Iodine deficiency is a serious world-wide public health problem, as it is responsible for mental retardation and other diseases. The use of iodine-biofortified vegetables represents a strategic alternative to iodine enriched salt for people with a low sodium diet. However, at high concentrations iodine can be toxic to plants. Therefore, research on plant iodine toxicity is fundamental for the development of appropriate biofortification protocols. In this work, we compared two cultivars of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with different iodine tolerance: "Tigullio," less tolerant, with green leaves, and "Red Rubin," more tolerant and with purple leaves. Four greenhouse hydroponic experiments were conducted in spring and in summer with different concentrations of iodine in the nutrient solution (0.1, 10, 50, 100, and 200 μM), supplied as potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3). Plant growth was not affected either by 10 μM KI or by 100 μM KIO3, while KI concentrations higher than 50 μM significantly reduced leaf area, total plant dry matter and plant height. The severity of symptoms increased with time depending on the cultivar and the form of iodine applied. Growth inhibition by toxic iodine concentrations was more severe in "Tigullio" than in "Red Rubin," and KI was much more phytotoxic than KIO3. Leaf iodine concentration increased with the iodine concentration in the nutrient solution in both varieties, while the total antioxidant power was generally higher in the purple variety. In both basil cultivars, a strong negative correlation was found between the photosynthesis and the leaf iodine content, with significant differences between the regression lines for "Tigullio" and "Red Rubin." In conclusion, the greater tolerance to iodine of the "Red Rubin" variety was associated with the ability to withstand higher concentrations of iodine in leaf tissues, rather than to a reduced accumulation of this element in the leaves. The high phenolic content of "Red Rubin" could contribute to the iodine tolerance of this purple cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Incrocci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Carmassi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rita Maggini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Poli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Tamburini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Kiferle
- Plantlab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierdomenico Perata
- Plantlab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Pardossi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Halka M, Smoleń S, Czernicka M, Klimek-Chodacka M, Pitala J, Tutaj K. Iodine biofortification through expression of HMT, SAMT and S3H genes in Solanum lycopersicum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:35-48. [PMID: 31557638 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The uptake process and physiological reaction of plants to aromatic iodine compounds have not yet been documented. The aim of this research was to compare uptake by tomato plants of KI and KIO3, as well as of organic iodine compounds - 5-ISA (5-iodosalicylic acid), 3,5-diISA (3,5-diiodosalicylic acid), 2-IBeA (2-iodobenzoic acid), 4-IBeA (4-iodobenzoic acid) and 2,3,5-triIBeA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid). Only 2,3,5-triIBeA had a negative influence on plant development. All organic iodine compounds were taken up by roots and transported to leaves and fruits. Among all the compounds applied, the most efficiently transferred iodine was 2-IBeA - to fruits, and 4-IBeA - to leaves. The order of iodine accumulation in fruit cell compartments was as follows: organelles > cell walls > soluble portions of cells; for leaf and root cells, it was: organelles > cell walls or soluble portions, depending on the compound applied. The compounds studied influence iodine metabolism through expression of the HMT gene which encodes halide ion methyltransferase in leaves and roots. Also, their influence on modification of the activity of the SAMT and S3H genes that encode salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase and salicylic acid 3-hydroxylase was established. It was discovered that exogenously applied 5-ISA, 3,5-diISA, 2-IBeA and 4-IBeA are genuinely (endogenously) synthesised in tomato plants; to date, this has not been described for the tomato, nor for any other species of higher plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Halka
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Krakow, Poland; Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Czernicka
- Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Klimek-Chodacka
- Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Pitala
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Tutaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
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Humphrey OS, Young SD, Bailey EH, Crout NMJ, Ander EL, Hamilton EM, Watts MJ. Iodine uptake, storage and translocation mechanisms in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:2145-2156. [PMID: 30848410 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient for human health; phytofortification is a means of improving humans' nutritional iodine status. However, knowledge of iodine uptake and translocation in plants remains limited. In this paper, plant uptake mechanisms were assessed in short-term experiments (24 h) using labelled radioisotopes; the speciation of iodine present in apoplastic and symplastic root solutions was determined by (HPLC)-ICP-QQQ-MS. Iodine storage was investigated in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) treated with I- and IO3-. Finally, translocation through the phloem to younger leaves was also investigated using a radioiodine (129I-) label. During uptake, spinach roots demonstrated the ability to reduce IO3- to I-. Once absorbed, iodine was present as org-I or I- with significantly greater concentrations in the apoplast than the symplast. Plants were shown to absorb similar concentrations of iodine applied as I- or IO3-, via the roots, grown in an inert growth substrate. We found that whilst leaves were capable of absorbing radioactively labelled iodine applied to a single leaf, less than 2% was transferred through the phloem to younger leaves. In this paper, we show that iodine uptake is predominantly passive (approximately two-thirds of total uptake); however, I- can be absorbed actively through the symplast. Spinach leaves can absorb iodine via foliar fertilisation, but translocation is severely limited. As such, foliar application is unlikely to significantly increase the iodine content, via phloem translocation, of fruits, grains or tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Humphrey
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - S D Young
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - E H Bailey
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - N M J Crout
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - E L Ander
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - E M Hamilton
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - M J Watts
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK.
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Sambo P, Nicoletto C, Giro A, Pii Y, Valentinuzzi F, Mimmo T, Lugli P, Orzes G, Mazzetto F, Astolfi S, Terzano R, Cesco S. Hydroponic Solutions for Soilless Production Systems: Issues and Opportunities in a Smart Agriculture Perspective. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:923. [PMID: 31396245 PMCID: PMC6668597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soilless cultivation represent a valid opportunity for the agricultural production sector, especially in areas characterized by severe soil degradation and limited water availability. Furthermore, this agronomic practice embodies a favorable response toward an environment-friendly agriculture and a promising tool in the vision of a general challenge in terms of food security. This review aims therefore at unraveling limitations and opportunities of hydroponic solutions used in soilless cropping systems focusing on the plant mineral nutrition process. In particular, this review provides information (1) on the processes and mechanisms occurring in the hydroponic solutions that ensure an adequate nutrient concentration and thus an optimal nutrient acquisition without leading to nutritional disorders influencing ultimately also crop quality (e.g., solubilization/precipitation of nutrients/elements in the hydroponic solution, substrate specificity in the nutrient uptake process, nutrient competition/antagonism and interactions among nutrients); (2) on new emerging technologies that might improve the management of soilless cropping systems such as the use of nanoparticles and beneficial microorganism like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs); (3) on tools (multi-element sensors and interpretation algorithms based on machine learning logics to analyze such data) that might be exploited in a smart agriculture approach to monitor the availability of nutrients/elements in the hydroponic solution and to modify its composition in realtime. These aspects are discussed considering what has been recently demonstrated at the scientific level and applied in the industrial context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sambo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Nicoletto
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Giro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Youry Pii
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Fabio Valentinuzzi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Paolo Lugli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Guido Orzes
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mazzetto
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Stefania Astolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberto Terzano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
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Gonnella M, Renna M, D'Imperio M, Santamaria P, Serio F. Iodine Biofortification of Four Brassica Genotypes is Effective Already at Low Rates of Potassium Iodate. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020451. [PMID: 30795581 PMCID: PMC6413110 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of iodine-biofortified vegetables may be a health alternative instead of iodine-biofortified salt for preventing iodine (I) deficiency and related human disorders. In this study, four Brassica genotypes (broccoli raab, curly kale, mizuna, red mustard) were hydroponically grown with three I-IO3− rates (0, 0.75 and 1.5 mg/L) to produce iodine-biofortified vegetables. Crop performances and quality traits were analyzed; iodine content was measured on raw, boiled, and steamed vegetables. The highest I rate generally increased I content in all Brassica genotypes, without plants toxicity effects in terms of reduced growth or morphological symptoms. After 21 day-iodine biofortification, the highest I content (49.5 µg/100 g Fresh Weight (FW)) was reached in broccoli raab shoots, while after 43 day-iodine biofortification, genotype differences were flattened and the highest I content (66 µg/100 g FW, on average) was obtained using 1.5 mg I-IO3/L. Nitrate content (ranging from 1800 to 4575 mg/kg FW) was generally higher with 0.75 mg I-IO3/L, although it depended on genotypes. Generally, boiling reduced iodine content, while steaming increased or left it unchanged, depending on genotypes. Applying low levels of I proved to be suitable, since it could contribute to the partial intake of the recommended dose of 150 µg/day: A serving size of 100 g may supply on average 24% of the recommended dose. Cooking method should be chosen in order to preserve and/or enhance the final I amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonnella
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Renna
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano D'Imperio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Pietro Santamaria
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Serio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR-National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Duborská E, Urík M, Bujdoš M, Matulová M. Influence of physicochemical properties of various soil types on iodide and iodate sorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:168-175. [PMID: 30265923 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies that deal with iodine mobility in uncontaminated agricultural soils are scarce and unique. Therefore, in this article, we have evaluated the sorption behavior of two most abundant naturally occurring inorganic iodine species - iodide and iodate - in several soil types. Our results showed that the sorption process is extremely slow with equilibrium achieved after ten days. The sorption of both iodine species is well described by Freundlich isotherm. The affinity of iodine for all investigated soils in the observed concentration range is relatively low. Our results showed that besides iodine speciation, sorption efficiency is highly dependent on soil types and their characteristics. While in mineral soils with low organic carbon content iodide sorption is dominant, organic rich soils are more favorable for iodate sorption. Organic carbon, clay content, pH and the abundance of iron, aluminum and manganese oxides and hydroxides showed to be the most important soil properties controlling iodine sorption. Our results provide new insight into the complex iodine behavior and retention in soils. This is crucial for better understanding of iodine mobility and the ability to enter the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Duborská
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Urík
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Marek Bujdoš
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Matulová
- Institute of Laboratory Research on Geomaterials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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14
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Halka M, Klimek-Chodacka M, Smoleń S, Baranski R, Ledwożyw-Smoleń I, Sady W. Organic iodine supply affects tomato plants differently than inorganic iodine. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:290-306. [PMID: 29572860 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is a beneficial element for humans but very lowly represented in our diet. Iodine-enriched vegetables could boost the iodine content in the food chain. Despite being a beneficial element for plants, little is known about the effect of different iodine forms on plant growth. This work analyses the effect of uptake of mineral (KI) and organoiodine (5-iodosalicylic acid, 5-ISA; 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid, 3,5-di-ISA; 2-iodobenzoic acid, 2-IBeA; 4-iodobenzoic acid, 4-IBeA) compounds on tomato plants at an early stage of vegetative growth. As many organoiodine compounds are derived from salicylic (SA) and benzoic acids (BeA), treatments with I, SA and BeA in various treatments were realized and the influence of tested compounds on plant growth was analyzed. Iodine content was measured, as well as expression of key genes involved in I and SA metabolism. Organoiodine compounds accumulated mainly in roots whereas iodine accumulated in the upper parts when given as KI. The shoot system had 5, 12 and 25 times higher iodine content after KI treatment than after 4-IBeA, 5-ISA and 2-IBeA, or 3,5-diISA treatments, respectively. A toxic effect on plants was observed only for 3,5-diISA and 4-IBeA. The expression levels of a gene related to iodine metabolism (HMT, halide ion methylotransferase), a gene responsible for SA methylation in leaves (SAMT) and a gene related to SA catabolism (S3H, salicylic acid 3-hydroxylase) were modified differently depending on the iodine source. Overall, our data point out to a difference in plant uptake, transport of iodine in tomato plants based on the form of iodine compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Halka
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Aleja 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Klimek-Chodacka
- Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Aleja 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafal Baranski
- Unit of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń
- Unit of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Aleja 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Sady
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Aleja 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
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Gonzali S, Kiferle C, Perata P. Iodine biofortification of crops: agronomic biofortification, metabolic engineering and iodine bioavailability. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 44:16-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Li R, Liu HP, Hong CL, Dai ZX, Liu JW, Zhou J, Hu CQ, Weng HX. Iodide and iodate effects on the growth and fruit quality of strawberry. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:230-235. [PMID: 26992053 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodine deficiency is an environmental health problem affecting one-third of the global population. An iodine biofortification hydroponic experiment was conducted to explore the iodide and iodate uptake characteristics of strawberry plants, to measure the dosage effects of iodine on plant growth and to evaluate the influence of I- or IO3- application on fruit quality. RESULTS After biofortification, the iodine contents of the fresh strawberry fruits were 600-4000 µg kg-1 , covering the WHO dietary iodine allowance of 150 µg · day-1 for adults. The iodine uptake of the strawberry plants increased with increasing I- or IO3- concentration of the culture solution. At the same iodine concentration, the iodate uptakes of various plant organs under I- treatments were apparently more than those under IO3- treatments. Low-level exogenous iodine (I- ≤ 0.25 mg L-1 or IO3- ≤ 0.50 mg L-1 ) not only promoted plant growth and increased biomass per plant, but also improved fruit quality by enhancing the vitamin C and soluble sugar contents of the strawberry fruits. Nevertheless, excessive exogenous iodine inhibited plant growth and reduced biomass per plant. IO3- uptake apparently increased the total acidity and nitrate content of the fruits, reducing the quality of the strawberry fruits. Conversely, I- uptake obviously decreased the total acidity and nitrate content of the strawberry fruits, improving the fruit quality. CONCLUSION The strawberry can be used as a target crop for iodine biofortification. Furthermore, applying an appropriate dose of KI can improve the fruit quality of the strawberry plants. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Geological Research Center for Agricultural Application, China Geological Survey, Hangzhou 311201, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Ping Liu
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Lai Hong
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Xi Dai
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun-Qing Hu
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan-Xin Weng
- School of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Environment and Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
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Koronowicz AA, Kopeć A, Master A, Smoleń S, Piątkowska E, Bieżanowska-Kopeć R, Ledwożyw-Smoleń I, Skoczylas Ł, Rakoczy R, Leszczyńska T, Kapusta-Duch J, Pysz M. Transcriptome Profiling of Caco-2 Cancer Cell Line following Treatment with Extracts from Iodine-Biofortified Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147336. [PMID: 26799209 PMCID: PMC4723252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although iodization of salt is the most common method used to obtain iodine-enriched food, iodine deficiency disorders are still a global health problem and profoundly affect the quality of human life. Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial regulators of human metabolism, cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and have been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on transcriptomic profile of Caco-2 cancer cell line by applying the Whole Human Genome Microarray assay. We showed 1326 differentially expressed Caco-2 transcripts after treatment with iodine-biofortified (BFL) and non-fortified (NFL) lettuce extracts. We analysed pathways, molecular functions, biological processes and protein classes based on comparison between BFL and NFL specific genes. Iodine, which was expected to act as a free ion (KI-NFL) or at least in part to be incorporated into lettuce macromolecules (BFL), differently regulated pathways of numerous transcription factors leading to different cellular effects. In this study we showed the inhibition of Caco-2 cells proliferation after treatment with BFL, but not potassium iodide (KI), and BFL-mediated induction of mitochondrial apoptosis and/or cell differentiation. Our results showed that iodine-biofortified plants can be effectively used by cells as an alternative source of this trace element. Moreover, the observed differences in action of both iodine sources may suggest a potential of BFL in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta A. Koronowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopeć
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Master
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Centre for Postgraduate Education, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Sylwester Smoleń
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Piątkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Renata Bieżanowska-Kopeć
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń
- Unit of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Skoczylas
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Mushroom Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Roksana Rakoczy
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Teresa Leszczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Kapusta-Duch
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Pysz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
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18
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Medrano-Macías J, Leija-Martínez P, González-Morales S, Juárez-Maldonado A, Benavides-Mendoza A. Use of Iodine to Biofortify and Promote Growth and Stress Tolerance in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1146. [PMID: 27602033 PMCID: PMC4993787 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is not considered essential for land plants; however, in some aquatic plants, iodine plays a critical role in antioxidant metabolism. In humans, iodine is essential for the metabolism of the thyroid and for the development of cognitive abilities, and it is associated with lower risks of developing certain types of cancer. Therefore, great efforts are made to ensure the proper intake of iodine to the population, for example, the iodization of table salt. In the same way, as an alternative, the use of different iodine fertilization techniques to biofortify crops is considered an adequate iodine supply method. Hence, biofortification with iodine is an active area of research, with highly relevant results. The agricultural application of iodine to enhance growth, environmental adaptation, and stress tolerance in plants has not been well explored, although it may lead to the increased use of this element in agricultural practice and thus contribute to the biofortification of crops. This review systematically presents the results published on the application of iodine in agriculture, considering different environmental conditions and farming systems in various species and varying concentrations of the element, its chemical forms, and its application method. Some studies report beneficial effects of iodine, including better growth, and changes in the tolerance to stress and antioxidant capacity, while other studies report that the applications of iodine cause no response or even have adverse effects. We suggested different assumptions that attempt to explain these conflicting results, considering the possible interaction of iodine with other trace elements, as well as the different physicochemical and biogeochemical conditions that give rise to the distinct availability and the volatilization of the element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Medrano-Macías
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónSan Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Paola Leija-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo, Mexico
| | - Susana González-Morales
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo, Mexico
| | | | - Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Fisiología, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroSaltillo, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza
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Smoleń S, Sady W, Ledwożyw-Smoleń I, Strzetelski P, Liszka-Skoczylas M, Rożek S. Quality of fresh and stored carrots depending on iodine and nitrogen fertilization. Food Chem 2014; 159:316-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mehra A, Saikat SQ, Carter JE. Bioavailability of iodine in the UK-Peak District environment and its human bioaccessibility: an assessment of the causes of historical goitre in this area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2014; 186:987-999. [PMID: 24407919 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Iodine is an essential micronutrient for human health. Its deficiency causes a number of functional and developmental abnormalities such as goitre. The limestone region of Derbyshire, UK was goitre-endemic until it declined from the 1930s and the reason for this has escaped a conclusive explanation. The present study investigates the cause(s) of goitre in the UK-Peak District area through an assessment of iodine in terms of its environmental mobility, bioavailability, uptake into the food chain and human bioaccessibility. The goitre-endemic limestone area is compared with the background millstone grit area of the UK-Peak District. The findings of this study show that 'total' environmental iodine is not linked to goitre in the limestone area, but the governing factors include iodine mobility, bioavailability and bioaccessibility. Compared with the millstone grit area, higher soil pH and calcium content of the limestone area restrict iodine mobility in this area, also soil organic carbon in the limestone area is influential in binding the iodine to the soil. Higher calcium content in the limestone area is an important factor in terms of strongly fixing the iodine to the soil. Higher iodine bioaccessibility in the millstone grit than the limestone area suggests that its oral bioaccessibility is restricted in the limestone area. Iodine taken up by plant roots is transported freely into the aerial plant parts in the millstone grit area unlike the limestone area, thus providing higher iodine into the human food chain in the millstone grit area through grazing animals unlike the goitre-prevalent limestone area.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mehra
- Faculty of Education, Health and Sciences, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK,
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Kiferle C, Gonzali S, Holwerda HT, Ibaceta RR, Perata P. Tomato fruits: a good target for iodine biofortification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:205. [PMID: 23818889 PMCID: PMC3694224 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
IODINE IS A TRACE ELEMENT THAT IS FUNDAMENTAL FOR HUMAN HEALTH its deficiency affects about two billion people worldwide. Fruits and vegetables are usually poor sources of iodine; however, plants can accumulate iodine if it is either present or exogenously administered to the soil. The biofortification of crops with iodine has therefore been proposed as a strategy for improving human nutrition. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the possibility of biofortifying tomato fruits with iodine. Increasing concentrations of iodine supplied as KI or KIO3 were administered to plants as root treatments and the iodine accumulation in fruits was measured. The influences of the soil organic matter content or the nitrate level in the nutritive solution were analyzed. Finally, yield and qualitative properties of the biofortified tomatoes were considered, as well as the possible influence of fruit storage and processing on the iodine content. Results showed that the use of both the iodized salts induced a significant increase in the fruit's iodine content in doses that did not affect plant growth and development. The final levels ranged from a few mg up to 10 mg iodine kg (-) (1) fruit fresh weight and are more than adequate for a biofortification program, since 150 μg iodine per day is the recommended dietary allowance for adults. In general, the iodine treatments scarcely affected fruit appearance and quality, even with the highest concentrations applied. In contrast, the use of KI in plants fertilized with low doses of nitrate induced moderate phytotoxicity symptoms. Organic matter-rich soils improved the plant's health and production, with only mild reductions in iodine stored in the fruits. Finally, a short period of storage at room temperature or a 30-min boiling treatment did not reduce the iodine content in the fruits, if the peel was maintained. All these results suggest that tomato is a particularly suitable crop for iodine biofortification programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kiferle
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Gonzali
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPisa, Italy
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22
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Kato S, Wachi T, Yoshihira K, Nakagawa T, Ishikawa A, Takagi D, Tezuka A, Yoshida H, Yoshida S, Sekimoto H, Takahashi M. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots have iodate reduction activity in response to iodine. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:227. [PMID: 23847633 PMCID: PMC3706741 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although iodine is not an essential nutrient for higher plants, their roots take up and transport the element. However, the exact mechanisms involved in iodine uptake and metabolism in higher plants have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we compared two cultivars differing in iodine tolerance ("Nipponbare" and "Gohyakumangoku") to increasing levels of I(-) and IO(-) 3 in the root solutions of water-cultured rice (Oryza sativa L.). We found that IO(-) 3 added to the root solutions was converted to I(-) in the presence of roots. Iodate reduction occurred over the course of several hours. Furthermore, the iodate reduction activity of "Nipponbare" (iodine-sensitive) and "Gohyakumangoku" (iodine-tolerant) roots increased after adding IO(-) 3 or I(-). The roots of barley and soybean also showed iodate reduction activity and the activity responded to iodine treatment either with IO(-) 3 and I(-). This study suggests that plant roots biologically reduce iodate to iodide and indicates that the iodate reduction activity of roots responds to external iodine conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kato
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Takanori Wachi
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshihira
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Akifumi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Daichi Takagi
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Aya Tezuka
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Hideharu Yoshida
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yoshida
- Planning and Promotion Unit, Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological SciencesChiba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sekimoto
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
| | - Michiko Takahashi
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya, Japan
- *Correspondence: Michiko Takahashi, Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan e-mail:
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Landini M, Gonzali S, Kiferle C, Tonacchera M, Agretti P, Dimida A, Vitti P, Alpi A, Pinchera A, Perata P. Metabolic engineering of the iodine content in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2012; 2:338. [PMID: 22468225 PMCID: PMC3313481 DOI: 10.1038/srep00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are a poor source of iodine, an essential micronutrient for human health. Several attempts of iodine biofortification of crops have been carried out, but the scarce knowledge on the physiology of iodine in plants makes results often contradictory and not generalizable. In this work, we used a molecular approach to investigate how the ability of a plant to accumulate iodine can be influenced by different mechanisms. In particular, we demonstrated that the iodine content in Arabidopsis thaliana can be increased either by facilitating its uptake with the overexpression of the human sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) or through the reduction of its volatilization by knocking-out HOL-1, a halide methyltransferase. Our experiments show that the iodine content in plants results from a balance between intake and retention. A correct manipulation of this mechanism could improve iodine biofortification of crops and prevent the release of the ozone layer-threatening methyl iodide into the atmosphere.
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