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Qiang RR, Xiang Y, Zhang L, Bai XY, Zhang D, Li YJ, Yang YL, Liu XL. Ferroptosis: A new strategy for targeting Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105773. [PMID: 38789042 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a complex pathogenesis, which involves the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Many recent studies have revealed a close association between ferroptosis and the pathogenesis of AD. Factors such as ferroptosis-associated iron overload, lipid peroxidation, disturbances in redox homeostasis, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species have been found to contribute to the pathological progression of AD. In this review, we explore the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, describe the link between ferroptosis and AD, and examine the reported efficacy of ferroptosis inhibitors in treating AD. Finally, we discuss the potential challenges to ferroptosis inhibitors use in the clinic, enabling their faster use in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Die Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yang Jing Li
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xiao Long Liu
- School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China.
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Skalny AV, Aschner M, Santamaria A, Filippini T, Gritsenko VA, Tizabi Y, Zhang F, Guo X, Rocha JBT, Tinkov AA. The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Neuroprotective Effects of Selenium in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04343-w. [PMID: 39012446 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present review was to provide a timely update on the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of Se in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, and discuss the potential role of gut microbiota modulation in this neuroprotective effect. The existing data demonstrate that selenoproteins P, M, S, R, as well as glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin reductases are involved in regulation of Aβ formation and aggregation, tau phosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles formation, as well as mitigate the neurotoxic effects of Aβ and phospho-tau. Correspondingly, supplementation with various forms of Se in cellular and animal models of AD was shown to reduce Aβ formation, tau phosphorylation, reverse the decline in brain antioxidant levels, inhibit neuronal oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production, improve synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, altogether resulting in improved cognitive functions. In addition, most recent findings demonstrate that these neuroprotective effects are associated with Se-induced modulation of gut microbiota. In animal models of AD, Se supplementation was shown to improve gut microbiota biodiversity with a trend to increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Desulfivibrio, while reducing that of Lachnospiracea_NK4A136, Rikenella, and Helicobacter. Moreover, the relative abundance of Se-affected taxa was significantly associated with Aβ accumulation, tau phosphorylation, neuronal oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, indicative of the potential role of gut microbiota to mediate the neuroprotective effects of Se in AD. Hypothetically, modulation of gut microbiota along with Se supplementation may improve the efficiency of the latter in AD, although further detailed laboratory and clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Abel Santamaria
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología y Nanomedicina, Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Medical School, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Viktor A Gritsenko
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Joao B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, Yaroslavl, 150000, Russia.
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow, 119146, Russia.
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Marzban S, Dastgheib Z, Lithgow B, Moussavi Z. Using principal component analysis to determine which vestibular stimuli provide best biomarkers for separating Alzheimer's from mixed Alzheimer's disease. Med Biol Eng Comput 2024:10.1007/s11517-024-03110-2. [PMID: 38735986 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-024-03110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often mixed with cerebrovascular disease (AD-CVD). Heterogeneity of dementia etiology and the overlapping of neuropathological features of AD and AD-CVD make feature identification of the two challenging. Separation of AD from AD-CVD is important as the optimized treatment for each group may differ. Recent studies using vestibular responses recorded from electrovestibulography (EVestG™) have offered promising results for separating these two pathologies. An EVestG measurement records responses to several different physical stimuli (called tilts). In previous research, the number of EVestG features from different tilts was selected based on physiological intuition to classify AD from AD-CVD. As the number of potential characteristic features from all tilts can be very large, in this study, we used an algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) to rank the most effective vestibular stimuli for differentiating AD from AD-CVD. Analyses were performed on the EVestG signals of 28 individuals with AD and 24 with AD-CVD. The results of this study showed that tilts simulating the otolithic organs (utricle and saccule) generated the most characteristic features for separating AD from AD-CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marzban
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Z Dastgheib
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - B Lithgow
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Z Moussavi
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Jain SK, Stevens CM, Margret JJ, Levine SN. Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Pathology, Current Treatments, and the Potential Therapeutic Effect of Decreasing Oxidative Stress by Combined Vitamin D and l-Cysteine Supplementation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:663-678. [PMID: 37756366 PMCID: PMC11001507 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Excess oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are risk factors in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its association with amyloid-β plaque accumulation. Oxidative stress impairs acetylcholine (ACH) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor signaling in brain areas that function in memory and learning. Glutathione (GSH) antioxidant depletion positively correlates with the cognitive decline in AD subjects. Treatments that upregulate GSH and ACH levels, which simultaneously decrease oxidative stress and inflammation, may be beneficial for AD. Recent Advances: Some clinical trials have shown a benefit of monotherapy with vitamin D (VD), whose deficiency is linked to AD or with l-cysteine (LC), a precursor of GSH biosynthesis, in reducing mild cognitive impairment. Animal studies have shown a simultaneous decrease in ACH esterase (AChE) and increase in GSH; combined supplementation with VD and LC results in a greater decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation, and increase in GSH levels compared with monotherapy with VD or LC. Therefore, cosupplementation with VD and LC has the potential of increasing GSH, downregulation of oxidative stress, and decreased inflammation and AChE levels. Future Directions: Clinical trials are needed to determine whether safe low-cost dietary supplements, using combined VD+LC, have the potential to alleviate elevated AChE, oxidative stress, and inflammation levels, thereby halting the onset of AD. Goal of Review: The goal of this review is to highlight the pathological hallmarks and current Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for AD, and discuss the potential therapeutic effect that cosupplementation with VD+LC could manifest by increasing GSH levels in patients. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 663-678.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K. Jain
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher M. Stevens
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey Justin Margret
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Steven N. Levine
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Dastgheib ZA, Lithgow BJ, Moussavi ZK. Evaluating the Diagnostic Value of Electrovestibulography (EVestG) in Alzheimer's Patients with Mixed Pathology: A Pilot Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2091. [PMID: 38138194 PMCID: PMC10744488 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diagnosis of dementia subtypes caused by different brain pathophysiologies, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) from AD mixed with levels of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) symptomology (AD-CVD), is challenging due to overlapping symptoms. In this pilot study, the potential of Electrovestibulography (EVestG) for identifying AD, AD-CVD, and healthy control populations was investigated. Materials and Methods: A novel hierarchical multiclass diagnostic algorithm based on the outcomes of its lower levels of binary classifications was developed using data of 16 patients with AD, 13 with AD-CVD, and 24 healthy age-matched controls, and then evaluated on a blind testing dataset made up of a new population of 12 patients diagnosed with AD, 9 with AD-CVD, and 8 healthy controls. Multivariate analysis was run to test the between population differences while controlling for sex and age covariates. Results: The accuracies of the multiclass diagnostic algorithm were found to be 85.7% and 79.6% for the training and blind testing datasets, respectively. While a statistically significant difference was found between the populations after accounting for sex and age, no significant effect was found for sex or age covariates. The best characteristic EVestG features were extracted from the upright sitting and supine up/down stimulus responses. Conclusions: Two EVestG movements (stimuli) and their most informative features that are best selective of the above-populations' separations were identified, and a hierarchy diagnostic algorithm was developed for three-way classification. Given that the two stimuli predominantly stimulate the otholithic organs, physiological and experimental evidence supportive of the results are presented. Disruptions of inhibition associated with GABAergic activity might be responsible for the changes in the EVestG features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zahra K. Moussavi
- Diagnostic and Neurological Processing Research Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, Riverview Health Centre, Winnipeg, MB R3L 2P4, Canada; (Z.A.D.); (B.J.L.)
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Singh H, Kaur J, Datusalia AK, Naqvi S. Age-dependent assessment of selenium nanoparticles: biodistribution and toxicity study in young and adult rats. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2021-2038. [PMID: 38179978 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the biodistribution and toxicology of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) versus their bulk counterpart in young and adult male rats in a 28-day study. Methods: SeNPs were synthesized and conjugated with indocyanine green to assess comparative biodistribution by in vivo imaging and further characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, UV and ζ-analysis. The toxicity of bulk selenium was evaluated relative to its nano form by hematology indices, redox, inflammatory markers and histopathology. Results: Indocyanine green-conjugated nanoparticles showed preferential accumulation in the liver, followed by testis and kidney. The protective effect of SeNPs was more significantly observed in young livers than in adults compared with the bulk counterpart. Conclusion: Age-dependent monitoring and diagnosis of toxicity may need different biomarkers of selenium and may also provide better understanding of SeNPs as therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsimar Singh
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
| | - Jasleen Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
| | - Saba Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER-R), Lucknow (UP), 226002, India
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Zhou J, Zhang W, Cao Z, Lian S, Li J, Nie J, Huang Y, Zhao K, He J, Liu C. Association of Selenium Levels with Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3706. [PMID: 37686737 PMCID: PMC10490073 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have posed significant challenges to public health, and it is crucial to understand their mechanisms in order to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of selenium in ND pathogenesis, as it plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing oxidative damage. However, a comprehensive analysis of the association between selenium and NDs is still lacking. METHOD Five public databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane and Clinical Trials, were searched in our research. Random model effects were chosen, and Higgins inconsistency analyses (I2), Cochrane's Q test and Tau2 were calculated to evaluate the heterogeneity. RESULT The association of selenium in ND patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington's disease (HD) was studied. A statistically significant relationship was only found for AD patients (SMD = -0.41, 95% CI (-0.64, -0.17), p < 0.001), especially for erythrocytes. However, no significant relationship was observed in the analysis of the other four diseases. CONCLUSION Generally, this meta-analysis indicated that AD patients are strongly associated with lower selenium concentrations compared with healthy people, which may provide a clinical reference in the future. However, more studies are urgently needed for further study and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhou
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Zhiwen Cao
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY 10011, USA;
| | - Shaoyan Lian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jieying Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jiaying Nie
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jiang He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.L.); (J.L.); (J.N.); (Y.H.); (K.Z.)
- Disease Control and Prevention Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Luo J, Su L, He X, Du Y, Xu N, Wu R, Zhu Y, Wang T, Shao R, Unverzagt FW, Hake AM, Jin Y, Gao S. Blood Selenium and Serum Glutathione Peroxidase Levels Were Associated with Serum β-Amyloid in Older Adults. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:3679-3687. [PMID: 36370334 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have established the association between blood β-amyloid (Aβ) levels and Alzheimer's disease, but population-based studies concerning the association between selenium (Se) and Aβ levels in blood samples are very limited. Therefore, we explored the association in an elderly population with Se status and serum Aβ measures. METHODS A cross-sectional study on 469 elderly individuals from four rural counties with diverse soil Se levels was carried out. Fasting blood Se, serum selenoprotein P (SELENOP), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), serum Aβ42, and Aβ40 were measured. Quantile regression models were used to determine the associations of blood Se, serum GPX, and SELENOP with Aβ levels. RESULTS Significant negative associations were observed between blood Se and serum Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels at all percentiles (P < 0.05). The associations were generally stronger at higher Aβ42 and Aβ40 percentiles than lower Aβ42 and Aβ40 percentiles. Blood Se was positively associated with serum Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio at 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles. Significant positive associations were observed between serum GPX and Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels at all percentiles (P < 0.05). The positive associations were generally stronger at higher Aβ42 and Aβ40 percentiles than at lower percentiles. Serum GPX was negatively associated with Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio at 25th, 50th, 75th, and 95th percentiles. No associations with serum SELENOP and Aβ levels were observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that higher Se levels are associated with lower serum Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels and with higher Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, and the results are specific for different selenoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Luo
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Liqin Su
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xiaohong He
- Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Yegang Du
- Academy of Metrology & Quality Inspection, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Ning Xu
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Rangpeng Wu
- Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhu
- Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Ting Wang
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ranqi Shao
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Frederick W Unverzagt
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ann M Hake
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yinlong Jin
- CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 29 Nanwei Road, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-2872, USA
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Luo Z, Li S, Zhang Y, Yin F, Luo H, Chen X, Cui N, Wan S, Li X, Kong L, Wang X. Oxazole-4-carboxamide/butylated hydroxytoluene hybrids with GSK-3β inhibitory and neuroprotective activities against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115415. [PMID: 37172476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal cells overexpressing phosphorylated Tau proteins can increase the susceptibility to oxidative stress. Regulation of glycogen synthase-3β (GSK-3β) and reduction of Tau protein hyperphosphorylation, along with alleviation of oxidative stress, may be an effective way to prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this purpose, a series of Oxazole-4-carboxamide/butylated hydroxytoluene hybrids were designed and synthesized to achieve multifunctional effects on AD. The biological evaluation showed that the optimized compound KWLZ-9e displayed potential GSK-3β (IC50 = 0.25 μM) inhibitory activity and neuroprotective capacity. Tau protein inhibition assays showed that KWLZ-9e reduced the expression of GSK-3β and downstream p-Tau in HEK GSK-3β 293T cells. Meanwhile, KWLZ-9e could alleviate H2O2-induced ROS damage, mitochondrial membrane potential imbalance, Ca2+ influx and apoptosis. Mechanistic studies suggest that KWLZ-9e activates the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway and enhances the expression of downstream oxidative stress proteins including TrxR1, HO-1, NQO1, GCLM to exert cytoprotective effects. We also confirmed that KWLZ-9e could ameliorate learning and memory impairments in vivo model of AD. The multifunctional properties of KWLZ-9e suggest that it is a promising lead for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fucheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Heng Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinye Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ningjie Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Siyuan Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Wu L, Xian X, Tan Z, Dong F, Xu G, Zhang M, Zhang F. The Role of Iron Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, and Redox Homeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease: from the Perspective of Ferroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2832-2850. [PMID: 36735178 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), cell death is common. Novel cell death form-ferroptosis is discovered in recent years. Ferroptosis is an iron-regulated programmed cell death mechanism and has been identified in AD clinical samples. Typical characteristics of ferroptosis involve the specific changes in cell morphology, iron-dependent aggregation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides, loss of glutathione (GSH), inactivation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and a unique group of regulatory genes. Increasing evidence demonstrates that ferroptosis may be associated with neurological dysfunction in AD. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This article reviews the potential role of ferroptosis in AD, the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathological progression of AD through the mechanisms of iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and redox homeostasis, as well as a range of potential therapies targeting ferroptosis for AD. Intervention strategies based on ferroptosis are promising for Alzheimer's disease treatment at present, but further researches are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Critical Disease Mechanism and intervention, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Babić Leko M, Langer Horvat L, Španić Popovački E, Zubčić K, Hof PR, Šimić G. Metals in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1161. [PMID: 37189779 PMCID: PMC10136077 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of metals in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still debated. Although previous research has linked changes in essential metal homeostasis and exposure to environmental heavy metals to the pathogenesis of AD, more research is needed to determine the relationship between metals and AD. In this review, we included human studies that (1) compared the metal concentrations between AD patients and healthy controls, (2) correlated concentrations of AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers with metal concentrations, and (3) used Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the potential metal contributions to AD risk. Although many studies have examined various metals in dementia patients, understanding the dynamics of metals in these patients remains difficult due to considerable inconsistencies among the results of individual studies. The most consistent findings were for Zn and Cu, with most studies observing a decrease in Zn levels and an increase in Cu levels in AD patients. However, several studies found no such relation. Because few studies have compared metal levels with biomarker levels in the CSF of AD patients, more research of this type is required. Given that MR is revolutionizing epidemiologic research, additional MR studies that include participants from diverse ethnic backgrounds to assess the causal relationship between metals and AD risk are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lea Langer Horvat
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ena Španić Popovački
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klara Zubčić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Goran Šimić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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12
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Babić Leko M, Mihelčić M, Jurasović J, Nikolac Perković M, Španić E, Sekovanić A, Orct T, Zubčić K, Langer Horvat L, Pleić N, Kiđemet-Piskač S, Vogrinc Ž, Pivac N, Diana A, Borovečki F, Hof PR, Šimić G. Heavy Metals and Essential Metals Are Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:467. [PMID: 36613911 PMCID: PMC9820819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various metals have been associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), principally heavy metals that are environmental pollutants (such as As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) and essential metals whose homeostasis is disturbed in AD (such as Cu, Fe, and Zn). Although there is evidence of the involvement of these metals in AD, further research is needed on their mechanisms of toxicity. To further assess the involvement of heavy and essential metals in AD pathogenesis, we compared cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers to macro- and microelements measured in CSF and plasma. We tested if macro- and microelements' concentrations (heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Tl), essential metals (Na, Mg, K, Ca, Fe, Co, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Mo), essential non-metals (B, P, S, and Se), and other non-essential metals (Al, Ba, Li, and Sr)) are associated with CSF AD biomarkers that reflect pathological changes in the AD brain (amyloid β1-42, total tau, phosphorylated tau isoforms, NFL, S100B, VILIP-1, YKL-40, PAPP-A, and albumin). We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) to determine macro- and microelements in CSF and plasma, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to determine protein biomarkers of AD in CSF. This study included 193 participants (124 with AD, 50 with mild cognitive impairment, and 19 healthy controls). Simple correlation, as well as machine learning algorithms (redescription mining and principal component analysis (PCA)), demonstrated that levels of heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Tl), essential metals (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, K, and Zn), and essential non-metals (P, S, and Se) are positively associated with CSF phosphorylated tau isoforms, VILIP-1, S100B, NFL, and YKL-40 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Matej Mihelčić
- Department of Mathematics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Science, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Jurasović
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ena Španić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ankica Sekovanić
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tatjana Orct
- Analytical Toxicology and Mineral Metabolism Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klara Zubčić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lea Langer Horvat
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Željka Vogrinc
- Laboratory for Neurobiochemistry, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Pivac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Diana
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Neuropoiesis, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fran Borovečki
- Department for Functional Genomics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb Medical School, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Goran Šimić
- Department of Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Koju N, Qin ZH, Sheng R. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in redox balance and diseases: a friend or foe? Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1889-1904. [PMID: 35017669 PMCID: PMC9343382 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+/NADPH) redox couples function as cofactors or/and substrates for numerous enzymes to retain cellular redox balance and energy metabolism. Thus, maintaining cellular NADH and NADPH balance is critical for sustaining cellular homeostasis. The sources of NADPH generation might determine its biological effects. Newly-recognized biosynthetic enzymes and genetically encoded biosensors help us better understand how cells maintain biosynthesis and distribution of compartmentalized NAD(H) and NADP(H) pools. It is essential but challenging to distinguish how cells sustain redox couple pools to perform their integral functions and escape redox stress. However, it is still obscure whether NADPH is detrimental or beneficial as either deficiency or excess in cellular NADPH levels disturbs cellular redox state and metabolic homeostasis leading to redox stress, energy stress, and eventually, to the disease state. Additional study of the pathways and regulatory mechanisms of NADPH generation in different compartments, and the means by which NADPH plays a role in various diseases, will provide innovative insights into its roles in human health and may find a value of NADPH for the treatment of certain diseases including aging, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, diabetes, obesity, cancer, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Koju
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Zheng-hong Qin
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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14
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Zhou J, Benoit M, Sharoar MG. Recent advances in pre-clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1703-1725. [PMID: 33900524 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia with currently no known cures or disease modifying treatments (DMTs), despite much time and effort from the field. Diagnosis and intervention of AD during the early pre-symptomatic phase of the disease is thought to be a more effective strategy. Therefore, the detection of biomarkers has emerged as a critical tool for monitoring the effect of new AD therapies, as well as identifying patients most likely to respond to treatment. The establishment of the amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (A/T/N) framework in 2018 has codified the contexts of use of AD biomarkers in neuroimaging and bodily fluids for research and diagnostic purposes. Furthermore, a renewed drive for novel AD biomarkers and innovative methods of detection has emerged with the goals of adding additional insight to disease progression and discovery of new therapeutic targets. The use of biomarkers has accelerated the development of AD drugs and will bring new therapies to patients in need. This review highlights recent methods utilized to diagnose antemortem AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Marc Benoit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Md Golam Sharoar
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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15
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Strumylaite L, Kregzdyte R, Kucikiene O, Baranauskiene D, Simakauskiene V, Naginiene R, Damuleviciene G, Lesauskaite V, Zemaitiene R. Alzheimer's Disease Association with Metals and Metalloids Concentration in Blood and Urine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127309. [PMID: 35742553 PMCID: PMC9224238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As there is some evidence that the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is partially attributable to environmental exposure to some metals and metalloids, we examined an association between AD and arsenic, chromium, and selenium in 53 AD patients and 217 controls. Urinary arsenic, blood chromium, and selenium were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Logistic regression models calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate AD association with arsenic, chromium, and selenium. In AD patients, urinary arsenic and blood chromium were significantly higher, while blood selenium was significantly lower compared to controls. Increased blood selenium was related to a significant decrease in the odds of AD after adjustment for risk factors. Blood selenium per 1 kg × 10−9/m3 × 10−4 increment was associated with 1.4 times lower risk of AD (OR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.58–0.87). A significant increase in the odds of AD associated with increased blood chromium was also seen in the adjusted model: the OR per 1 kg × 10−9/m3 × 10−3 chromium increment was 2.39 (95% CI 1.32–4.31). The association of urinary arsenic with the risk of AD was not significant. The data obtained provide evidence that selenium reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, while chromium increases it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreta Strumylaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.K.); (D.B.); (V.S.); (R.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-37-302948
| | - Rima Kregzdyte
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.K.); (D.B.); (V.S.); (R.N.)
| | - Odeta Kucikiene
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (O.K.); (G.D.); (V.L.)
| | - Dale Baranauskiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.K.); (D.B.); (V.S.); (R.N.)
| | - Vaida Simakauskiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.K.); (D.B.); (V.S.); (R.N.)
| | - Rima Naginiene
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (R.K.); (D.B.); (V.S.); (R.N.)
| | - Gyte Damuleviciene
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (O.K.); (G.D.); (V.L.)
| | - Vita Lesauskaite
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Science, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (O.K.); (G.D.); (V.L.)
| | - Reda Zemaitiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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16
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Chen JJ, Thiyagarajah M, Song J, Chen C, Herrmann N, Gallagher D, Rapoport MJ, Black SE, Ramirez J, Andreazza AC, Oh P, Marzolini S, Graham SJ, Lanctôt KL. Altered central and blood glutathione in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:23. [PMID: 35123548 PMCID: PMC8818133 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-00961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence implicates oxidative stress (OS) in Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Depletion of the brain antioxidant glutathione (GSH) may be important in OS-mediated neurodegeneration, though studies of post-mortem brain GSH changes in AD have been inconclusive. Recent in vivo measurements of the brain and blood GSH may shed light on GSH changes earlier in the disease. AIM To quantitatively review in vivo GSH in AD and MCI compared to healthy controls (HC) using meta-analyses. METHOD Studies with in vivo brain or blood GSH levels in MCI or AD with a HC group were identified using MEDLINE, PsychInfo, and Embase (1947-June 2020). Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for outcomes using random effects models. Outcome measures included brain GSH (Meshcher-Garwood Point Resolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) versus non-MEGA-PRESS) and blood GSH (intracellular versus extracellular) in AD and MCI. The Q statistic and Egger's test were used to assess heterogeneity and risk of publication bias, respectively. RESULTS For brain GSH, 4 AD (AD=135, HC=223) and 4 MCI (MCI=213, HC=211) studies were included. For blood GSH, 26 AD (AD=1203, HC=1135) and 7 MCI (MCI=434, HC=408) studies were included. Brain GSH overall did not differ in AD or MCI compared to HC; however, the subgroup of studies using MEGA-PRESS reported lower brain GSH in AD (SMD [95%CI] -1.45 [-1.83, -1.06], p<0.001) and MCI (-1.15 [-1.71, -0.59], z=4.0, p<0.001). AD had lower intracellular and extracellular blood GSH overall (-0.87 [-1. 30, -0.44], z=3.96, p<0.001). In a subgroup analysis, intracellular GSH was lower in MCI (-0.66 [-1.11, -0.21], p=0.025). Heterogeneity was observed throughout (I2 >85%) and not fully accounted by subgroup analysis. Egger's test indicated risk of publication bias. CONCLUSION Blood intracellular GSH decrease is seen in MCI, while both intra- and extracellular decreases were seen in AD. Brain GSH is decreased in AD and MCI in subgroup analysis. Potential bias and heterogeneity suggest the need for measurement standardization and additional studies to explore sources of heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Jenny Chen
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mathura Thiyagarajah
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jianmeng Song
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Clara Chen
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark J Rapoport
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Oh
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Marzolini
- KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simon J Graham
- Physical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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17
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An unbiased algorithm for objective separation of Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's mixed with cerebrovascular symptomology, and healthy controls from one another using electrovestibulography (EVestG). Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:797-810. [PMID: 35102489 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from AD with cerebrovascular disease pathology (AD-CVD) is a rising challenge. Using electrovestibulography (EVestG) measured signals, we develop an automated feature extraction and selection algorithm for an unbiased identification of AD and AD-CVD from healthy controls as well as their separation from each other. EVestG signals of 24 healthy controls, 16 individuals with AD, and 13 with AD-CVD were analyzed within two separate groupings: One-versus-One and One-versus-All. A multistage feature selection process was conducted over the training dataset using linear support vector machine (SVM) classification with 10-fold cross-validation, k nearest neighbors/averaging imputation, and exhaustive search. The most frequently selected features that achieved highest classification performance were selected. 10-fold cross-validation was applied via a linear SVM classification on the entire dataset. Multivariate analysis was run to test the between population differences while controlling for the covariates. Classification accuracies of ≥ 80% and 78% were achieved for the One-versus-All classification approach and AD versus AD-CVD separation, respectively. The results also held true after controlling for the effect of covariates. AD/AD-CVD participants showed smaller/larger EVestG averaged field potential signals compared to healthy controls and AD-CVD/AD participants. These characteristics are in line with our previous study results.
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18
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Ahmed M, Herrmann N, Chen JJ, Saleem M, Oh PI, Andreazza AC, Kiss A, Lanctôt KL. Glutathione Peroxidase Activity Is Altered in Vascular Cognitive Impairment-No Dementia and Is a Potential Marker for Verbal Memory Performance. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 79:1285-1296. [PMID: 33427735 PMCID: PMC7990450 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) increases risk for vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCIND), a precursor to dementia, potentially through persistent oxidative stress. Objective: This study assessed peripheral glutathione peroxidase activity (GPX), which is protective against oxidative stress, in VCIND versus cognitively normal CAD controls (CN). GPX activity was also evaluated as a biomarker of cognition, particularly verbal memory. Methods: 120 CAD patients with VCIND (1SD below norms on executive function or verbal memory (VM)) or without (CN) participated in exercise rehabilitation for 24 weeks. Neurocognitive and cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2peak) assessments and plasma were collected at baseline and 24-weeks. Results: GPX was higher in VCIND compared to CN (F1,119 = 3.996, p = 0.048). Higher GPX was associated with poorer baseline VM (β= –0.182, p = 0.048), and longitudinally with VM decline controlling for sex, body mass index, VO2peak, and education (b[SE] = –0.02[0.01], p = 0.004). Only CN participants showed improved VM performance with increased fitness (b[SE] = 1.30[0.15], p < 0.005). Conclusion: GPX was elevated in VCIND consistent with a compensatory response to persistent oxidative stress. Increased GPX predicted poorer cognitive outcomes (verbal memory) in VCIND patients despite improved fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehnaz Ahmed
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jinghan Jenny Chen
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mahwesh Saleem
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul I Oh
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander Kiss
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Chen K, Jiang X, Wu M, Cao X, Bao W, Zhu LQ. Ferroptosis, a Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704298. [PMID: 34422824 PMCID: PMC8374166 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a common phenomenon in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanism of triggering the death of neuronal cells remains unclear. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven cell death and emerging evidences have demonstrated the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathological process of AD. Moreover, several hallmarks of AD pathogenesis were consistent with the characteristics of ferroptosis, such as excess iron accumulation, elevated lipid peroxides, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels. Besides, some ferroptosis inhibitors can relieve AD-related pathological symptoms in AD mice and exhibit potential clinical benefits in AD patients. Therefore, ferroptosis is gradually being considered as a distinct cell death mechanism in the pathogenesis of AD. However, direct evidence is still lacking. In this review, we summarize the features of ferroptosis in AD, its underlying mechanisms in AD pathology, and review the application of ferroptosis inhibitors in both AD clinical trials and mice/cell models, to provide valuable information for future treatment and prevention of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Jiujiang Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xianming Cao
- Department of Jiujiang Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Wendai Bao
- Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Key Lab of Neurological Disorder of Education Ministry, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Yan X, Liu K, Sun X, Qin S, Wu M, Qin L, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhong X, Wei X. A cross-sectional study of blood selenium concentration and cognitive function in elderly Americans: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 47:610-619. [PMID: 33050724 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1836253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline can develop into mild cognitive impairment, a high-risk factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The antioxidant micronutrient selenium may have some effect on preventing cognitive decline, but the association between whole blood selenium concentration and cognitive function remains controversial. AIM To investigate the association between whole blood selenium concentration and cognitive function score in elderly Americans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data was obtained from the national health and nutrition survey between 2011 and 2014. A general linear model was used to adjust for possible risk factors to analyse the association between blood selenium concentration and cognitive function. RESULTS 2068 participants were included in our study, and the average blood selenium concentration was high at 195.08 μg/L. The risk of lower cognitive scores was higher in people with lower blood selenium concentration (p < 0.05). The lower cognition may also be associated with one or more of the following characteristics: older, male, had a low poverty-income ratio, low education level, and consumed less alcohol. Related conditions such as stroke, diabetes and high blood pressure may also affect cognitive scores. CONCLUSIONS Higher blood selenium is associated with higher cognitive scores in elderly Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Yan
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kailiang Liu
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhong Sun
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Wu
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Qin
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiangcai Wei
- Guangdong women and children hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Song Y, Wang X, Wang X, Wang J, Hao Q, Hao J, Hou X. Osthole-Loaded Nanoemulsion Enhances Brain Target in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease via Intranasal Administration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8844455. [PMID: 33564364 PMCID: PMC7850840 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8844455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osthole (OST) is a natural coumarin compound that exerts multiple pharmacologic effects. However, the poor water solubility and the low oral absorption of OST limit its clinical application for the treatment of neurologic diseases. A suitable preparation needs to be tailored to evade these unfavourable properties of OST. In this study, an OST nanoemulsion (OST-NE) was fabricated according to the pseudoternary phase diagram method, which was generally used to optimize the prescription in light of the solubility of OST in surfactants and cosurfactants. The final composition of OST-NE was 3.6% of ethyl oleate as oil phase, 11.4% of the surfactant (polyethylene glycol ester of 15-hydroxystearic acid: polyoxyethylene 35 castor oil = 1 : 1), 3% of polyethylene glycol 400 as cosurfactant, and 82% of the aqueous phase. The pharmacokinetic study of OST-NE showed that the brain-targeting coefficient of OST was larger by the nasal route than that by the intravenous route. Moreover, OST-NE inhibited cell death, decreased the apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and caspase-3), and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione) in L-glutamate-induced SH-SY5Y cells. OST-NE improved the spatial memory ability, increased the acetylcholine content in the cerebral cortex, and decreased the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease model mice. In conclusion, this study indicates that the bioavailability of OST was improved by using the OST-NE via the nasal route. A low dose of OST-NE maintained the neuroprotective effects of OST, such as inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress and regulating the cholinergic system. Therefore, OST-NE can be used as a possible alternative to improve its bioavailability in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Xingrong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Jianze Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Qiulian Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Jifu Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Xueqin Hou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
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22
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Charisis S, Ntanasi E, Yannakoulia M, Anastasiou CA, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D, Scarmeas N. Plasma GSH levels and Alzheimer's disease. A prospective approach.: Results from the HELIAD study. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:274-282. [PMID: 33099001 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential links between oxidative stress and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported in the existing literature. Biological markers of oxidative stress, such as the reduced form of glutathione (GSH), may have a potential role as predictive biomarkers for AD development. The aim of the present study was to explore the longitudinal associations between plasma GSH and the risk of developing AD or cognitive decline, in a sample of community-dwelling, non-demented older adults. METHODS Participants from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) were included in the present prospective study. The sample used in the analyses consisted of 391 non-demented individuals over the age of 64 (mean age = 73.85 years; SD = 5.06), with available baseline GSH measurements and longitudinal follow-up. Plasma GSH was treated both as a continuous variable and as tertiles in our analyses. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) for AD incidence as a function of baseline plasma GSH. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) models were deployed to explore the associations between baseline plasma GSH and the rate of change of performance scores on individual cognitive domains over time. Models were adjusted for age, years of education and sex. Supplementary exploratory models were also adjusted for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at baseline, risk for malnutrition, physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern. RESULTS A total of 24 incident AD cases occurred during a mean (SD) of 2.99 (0.92) years of follow-up. Individuals in the highest GSH tertile group (highest baseline plasma GSH values) had a 70.1% lower risk for development of AD, compared to those in the lowest one [HR = 0.299 (0.093-0.959); p = 0.042], and also demonstrated a slower rate of decline of their executive functioning over time (5.2% of a standard deviation less decline in the executive composite score for each additional year of follow-up; p = 0.028). The test for trend was also significant suggesting a potential dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION In the present study, higher baseline plasma GSH levels were associated with a decreased risk of developing AD and with a better preservation of executive functioning longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - E Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - C A Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - E Dardiotis
- School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - G Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
| | - P Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - A S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Argonafton 1, 42132, Trikala, Greece
| | - D Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - N Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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23
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Wilczyńska K, Waszkiewicz N. Diagnostic Utility of Selected Serum Dementia Biomarkers: Amyloid β-40, Amyloid β-42, Tau Protein, and YKL-40: A Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113452. [PMID: 33121040 PMCID: PMC7692800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dementia is a group of disorders that causes dysfunctions in human cognitive and operating functions. Currently, it is not possible to conduct a fast, low-invasive dementia diagnostic process with the use of peripheral blood biomarkers, however, there is a great deal of research in progress covering this subject. Research on dementia biomarkers in serum validates anticipated health and economic benefits from early screening tests. Biomarkers are also essential for improving the process of developing new drugs. Methods: The result analysis, of current studies on selected biomarker concentrations (Aβ40, Aβ42, t-tau, and YKL-40) and their combination in the serum of patients with dementia and mild cognitive disorders, involved a search for papers available in Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science databases published from 2000 to 2020. Results: The results of conducted cross-sectional studies comparing Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ40 among people with cognitive disorders and a control group are incoherent. Most of the analyzed papers showed an increase in t-tau concentration in diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients’ serum, whereas results of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups did not differ from the control groups. In several papers on the concentration of YKL-40 and t-tau/Aβ42 ratio, the results were promising. To date, several studies have only covered the field of biomarker concentrations in dementia disorders other than AD. Conclusions: Insufficient amyloid marker test repeatability may result either from imperfection of the used laboratorial techniques or inadequate selection of control groups with their comorbidities. On the basis of current knowledge, t-tau, t-tau/Aβ42, and YKL-40 seem to be promising candidates as biomarkers of cognitive disorders in serum. YKL-40 seems to be a more useful biomarker in early MCI diagnostics, whereas t-tau can be used as a marker of progress of prodromal states in mild AD. Due to the insignificant number of studies conducted to date among patients with dementia disorders other than AD, it is not possible to make a sound assessment of their usefulness in dementia differential diagnostics.
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24
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Peña-Bautista C, Álvarez L, Durand T, Vigor C, Cuevas A, Baquero M, Vento M, Hervás D, Cháfer-Pericás C. Clinical Utility of Plasma Lipid Peroxidation Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease Differential Diagnosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080649. [PMID: 32707935 PMCID: PMC7464465 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex task due to the clinical similarity among neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies showed the role of lipid peroxidation in early AD development. However, the clinical validation of potential specific biomarkers in minimally invasive samples constitutes a great challenge in early AD diagnosis. METHODS Plasma samples from participants classified into AD (n = 138), non-AD (including MCI and other dementias not due to AD) (n = 70) and healthy (n = 50) were analysed. Lipid peroxidation compounds (isoprostanes, isofurans, neuroprostanes, neurofurans) were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis for biomarkers' clinical validation was based on Elastic Net. RESULTS A two-step diagnosis model was developed from plasma lipid peroxidation products to diagnose early AD specifically, and a bootstrap validated AUC of 0.74 was obtained. CONCLUSION A promising AD differential diagnosis model was developed. It was clinically validated as a screening test. However, further external validation is required before clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Peña-Bautista
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.V.)
| | - Lourdes Álvarez
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.A.); (A.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (T.D.); (C.V.)
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France; (T.D.); (C.V.)
| | - Ana Cuevas
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.A.); (A.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Miguel Baquero
- Neurology Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.A.); (A.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.V.)
| | - David Hervás
- Biostatistical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Neonatal Research Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (C.P.-B.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-961-246-721; Fax: +34-961-246-620
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25
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Robberecht H, De Bruyne T, Davioud-Charvet E, Mackrill J, Hermans N. Selenium Status in Elderly People: Longevity and Age-Related Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1694-1706. [PMID: 31267854 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190701144709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is a trace element active in selenoproteins, which can regulate oxidative stress. It is generally perceived as an import factor for maintaining health in the elderly. METHODS The goal of this review is to discuss selenium concentration in biological samples, primarily serum or plasma, as a function of age and its relation with longevity. The elemental level in various age-related diseases is reviewed. CONCLUSION Highest selenium values were observed in healthy adults, while in an elderly population significantly lower concentrations were reported. Variables responsible for contradictory findings are mentioned. Risk and benefits of Se-supplementation still remain under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Robberecht
- Research Group NatuRA, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tess De Bruyne
- Research Group NatuRA, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Davioud-Charvet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moleculaire et Application (LIMA), UMR7042 CNRSUnistra- UHA, European School of Chemistry, Polymers and Materials (ECPM), 25, rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - John Mackrill
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, T12XF62, Ireland
| | - Nina Hermans
- Research Group NatuRA, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Park JC, Han SH, Yi D, Byun MS, Lee JH, Jang S, Ko K, Jeon SY, Lee YS, Kim YK, Lee DY, Mook-Jung I. Plasma tau/amyloid-β1-42 ratio predicts brain tau deposition and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2020; 142:771-786. [PMID: 30668647 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is abnormal deposition of tau proteins in the brain. Although plasma tau has been proposed as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease, a direct link to brain deposition of tau is limited. Here, we estimated the amount of in vivo tau deposition in the brain by PET imaging and measured plasma levels of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau, T181) and amyloid-β1-42. We found significant correlations of plasma p-tau, t-tau, p-tau/amyloid-β1-42, and t-tau/amyloid-β1-42 with brain tau deposition in cross-sectional and longitudinal manners. In particular, t-tau/amyloid-β1-42 in plasma was highly predictive of brain tau deposition, exhibiting 80% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Interestingly, the brain regions where plasma t-tau/amyloid-β1-42 correlated with brain tau were similar to the typical deposition sites of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the longitudinal changes in cerebral amyloid deposition, brain glucose metabolism, and hippocampal volume change were also highly associated with plasma t-tau/amyloid-β1-42. These results indicate that combination of plasma tau and amyloid-β1-42 levels might be potential biomarkers for predicting brain tau pathology and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ho Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjin Jang
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ko
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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27
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Sancesario G, Bernardini S. AD biomarker discovery in CSF and in alternative matrices. Clin Biochem 2019; 72:52-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Varikasuvu SR, Prasad V S, Kothapalli J, Manne M. Brain Selenium in Alzheimer's Disease (BRAIN SEAD Study): a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:361-369. [PMID: 30171594 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been found to be implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this meta-analytic review, we compared tissue levels between AD and non-AD brains of selenium, an important biological trace element well known for its vital role in the brain function. We included 14 studies with 40 observations on selenium concentrations in AD and control brains. The effect size as standardized mean difference (SMD) was generated using review manager 5.3. Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a decrease (SMD = - 0.42) in brain tissue selenium levels in AD as compared to non-AD controls. The subgroup meta-analysis demonstrated that the selenium levels were decreased in the temporal, hippocampal, and cortex regions in AD. The funnel plot with Egger's (p = 0.88) and Begg's tests (p = 0.24) detected no significant publication bias. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that no single study/observation had significantly influenced the overall outcome. This meta-analysis provides consolidated evidence for a significant decrease of selenium status in AD brains compared to controls. In line with the evidence supporting selenium's antioxidant role and the involvement of oxidative stress in AD development, this meta-analysis supports new therapeutic strategies aimed at brain tissue selenium homeostasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seshadri Reddy Varikasuvu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Maheshwara Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502307, India.
| | - Satya Prasad V
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Maheshwara Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502307, India
| | - Jyothinath Kothapalli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Maheshwara Medical College & Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, 502307, India
| | - Munikumar Manne
- Biomedical Informatics Center (BMIC), National Institute of Nutrition-Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Vinceti M, Michalke B, Malagoli C, Eichmüller M, Filippini T, Tondelli M, Bargellini A, Vinceti G, Zamboni G, Chiari A. Selenium and selenium species in the etiology of Alzheimer's dementia: The potential for bias of the case-control study design. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 53:154-162. [PMID: 30910200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several human studies imply that the trace element selenium and its species may influence the onset of neurological disease, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Nevertheless, the literature is conflicting, with reported associations between exposure and risk in opposite direction, possibly due to biases in exposure assessment. After conducting a cohort study that detected an excess AD risk associated with higher levels of inorganic-hexavalent selenium in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), we investigated the relation between selenium and AD using a case-control study design. We determined cerebrospinal fluid levels of selenium species in 56 MCI participants already included in the cohort study, considered as referents, and in 33 patients with established AD. AD risk was inversely correlated with inorganic selenium species and with the organic form bound to selenoprotein P. Selenium bound to other organo-selenium species was positively correlated with AD risk, suggesting compensatory selenoprotein upregulation following increased oxidative stress. The finding of an increased AD risk associated with inorganic-hexavalent selenium from the cohort study was not replicated. This case-control study yielded entirely different results than those generated by a cohort study with a partially overlapping participant population, suggesting that case-control design does not allow to reliably assess the role of selenium exposure in AD etiology. This inability appears to be due to exposure misclassification, falsely indicating an etiologic role of selenium deficiency likely due to reverse causation, and involving most selenium species. The case-control design may instead lend insights into the pathologic process underlying disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, 1 Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Marcel Eichmüller
- Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, 1 Ingolstaedter Landstrasse, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Manuela Tondelli
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 71 Via del Pozzo, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bargellini
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Giulia Vinceti
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 71 Via del Pozzo, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 71 Via del Pozzo, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiari
- Center for Neurosciences and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, Modena 41125, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, 71 Via del Pozzo, Modena 41124, Italy
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Peña-Bautista C, Baquero M, Vento M, Cháfer-Pericás C. Free radicals in Alzheimer's disease: Lipid peroxidation biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 491:85-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kim H, Lee JU, Kim S, Song S, Sim SJ. A Nanoplasmonic Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker Using a Chaotropic Agent. ACS Sens 2019; 4:595-602. [PMID: 30747516 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood-based diagnosis (hemodiagnosis) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is emerging as a promising alternative to cerebrospinal-fluid-based methods because blood contains various kinds of AD biomarkers, including amyloid beta 1-40, 1-42, and τ (tau) protein. However, with current technology, the accuracy of the blood-plasma-based methods is relatively low compared to the traditional methods because the concentration of AD biomarkers in blood plasma is incredibly low, and diverse interference is present in blood plasma, which hinders precise detection. Here, we suggest a nanoplasmonic biosensor using gold nanorods with a chaotropic agent for precise ultrasensitive detecting of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in human plasma. This nanoplasmonic biosensor is based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which is extremely sensitive to the point where it can respond to an insignificant change of the refractive index around the gold nanoparticles. Also, using guanidine hydrochloride as a chaotropic agent, we can overcome the obstacles of blood-based AD diagnostics. In more detail, this agent interrupts the network between water molecules and weakens the hydrophobic interactions between proteins, remarkably improving detection capabilities to target τ protein. By reducing the overlapping ranges between protein levels in an age-matched control and AD patients' plasma, this system can accurately diagnose AD patients. This platform also can analyze disease from mild cognitive impairment using standardized blood biomarker tau protein, which is related to Alzheimer's disease. As a result, our platform can be applied to clinical trials, and thus it has excellent potential in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbi Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jong Uk Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Sojin Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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Solovyev N, Drobyshev E, Bjørklund G, Dubrovskii Y, Lysiuk R, Rayman MP. Selenium, selenoprotein P, and Alzheimer's disease: is there a link? Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:124-133. [PMID: 29481840 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The essential trace element, selenium (Se), is crucial to the brain but it may be potentially neurotoxic, depending on dosage and speciation; Se has been discussed for decades in relation to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is a secreted heparin-binding glycoprotein which serves as the main Se transport protein in mammals. In vivo studies showed that this protein might have additional functions such as a contribution to redox regulation. The current review focuses on recent research on the possible role of SELENOP in AD pathology, based on model and human studies. The review also briefly summarizes results of epidemiological studies on Se supplementation in relation to brain diseases, including PREADViSE, EVA, and AIBL. Although mainly positive effects of Se are assessed in this review, possible detrimental effects of Se supplementation or exposure, including potential neurotoxicity, are also mentioned. In relation to AD, various roles of SELENOP are discussed, i.e. as the means of Se delivery to neurons, as an antioxidant, in cytoskeleton assembly, in interaction with redox-active metals (copper, iron, and mercury) and with misfolded proteins (amyloid-beta and hyperphosphorylated tau-protein).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Solovyev
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Evgenii Drobyshev
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Yaroslav Dubrovskii
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Margaret P Rayman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Neergaard JS, Dragsbæk K, Christiansen C, Karsdal MA, Brix S, Henriksen K. Two novel blood-based biomarker candidates measuring degradation of tau are associated with dementia: A prospective study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194802. [PMID: 29641555 PMCID: PMC5895005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Truncated tau appears to be specifically related to disease pathology and recent studies have shown the presence and elevation of several truncated tau species in Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the relevance of truncated Tau measurements in blood is still being studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to assess the longitudinal associations between baseline levels of two novel blood biomarker candidates measuring truncated tau, Tau-A and Tau-C, and the risk of incident dementia and AD in elderly women. METHODS Using solid phase competitive ELISA, two tau fragments were detected in serum of 5,309 women from the Prospective Epidemiological Risk Factor study. The study was an observational, prospective study of Danish postmenopausal women. Subjects were followed with registry-linkage for up to 15 years (median follow-up time 13.7 years). Cox regression was used to assess the utility of the biomarker candidates in relation to dementia and AD. RESULTS High levels of Tau-A and Tau-C (above the median) in blood were associated with lower risk of dementia and AD (Tau-A: Dementia HR[95% CI] = 0.85[0.70-1.04]; AD 0.71[0.52-0.98] and Tau-C: Dementia 0.84[0.70-1.00]; AD 0.78[0.60-1.03]). Tau-C gave a very modest increase in the AUC in a 5-year prediction horizon as compared to a reference model with age and education, while a combination of the two did not improve their predictive capacity. CONCLUSIONS Measurement of tau in serum is feasible. The serological tau turnover profile may be related to the diagnosis and development of dementia and AD. The exact processing and profile in serum in relation to cognitive disorders remains to be further assessed to provide simple non-invasive tests to identify subjects with progressive cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Skov Neergaard
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Katrine Dragsbæk
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Susanne Brix
- DTU Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Sun H. Associations of Spatial Disparities of Alzheimer's Disease Mortality Rates with Soil Selenium and Sulfur Concentrations and Four Common Risk Factors in the United States. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 58:897-907. [PMID: 28527214 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between environmental factors and spatial disparity of mortality rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the US are not well understood. OBJECTIVE To find associations between 41 trace elements, four common risk factors, and AD mortality rates in the48 contiguous states. METHODS Isopleth maps of AD mortality rates of the 48 states and associated factors were examined. Correlations between state average AD mortality rates and concentrations of 41 soil elements, wine consumption, percentage of current smokers, obesity, and diagnosed diabetes of the 48 states between 1999 and 2014 were analyzed. RESULTS Among 41 elements, soil selenium concentrations have the most significant inverse correlations with AD mortality rates. Rate ratio (RR) of the 6 states with the lowest product of soil selenium and sulfur concentrations is 53% higher than the 6 states with the highest soil selenium sulfur product in the 48 states (RR = 1.53, CI95% 1.51-1.54). Soil tin concentrations have the most significant inverse correlation with AD mortality growth rates between 1999 and 2014, followed by soil sulfur concentrations. Percentages of obesity, diagnosed diabetes, smoking, and wine consumption per capita also correlate significantly with AD mortality growth rates. CONCLUSIONS High soil selenium and sulfur concentrations and wine consumption are associated with low AD mortality rates. Given that average soil selenium and sulfur concentrations are indicators of their intakes from food, water, and air by people in a region, long-term exposure to high soil selenium and sulfur concentrations might be beneficial to AD mortality rate reduction in a region.
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Vu Nu TT, Tran NHT, Nam E, Nguyen TT, Yoon WJ, Cho S, Kim J, Chang KA, Ju H. Blood-based immunoassay of tau proteins for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using surface plasmon resonance fiber sensors. RSC Adv 2018; 8:7855-7862. [PMID: 35539129 PMCID: PMC9078509 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the immunoassay of tau proteins (total tau and phosphorylated tau) in human sera using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fiber sensors. This assay aimed at harvesting the advantages of using both SPR fiber sensors and a blood-based assay to demonstrate label-free point-of-care-testing (POCT) patient-friendly assay in a compact format for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). For conducting the assay, we used human sera of 40 subjects divided into halves, which were grouped into AD patients and control groups according to a number of neuropsychological tests. We found that on an average, the concentrations of both total tau and phosphorylated tau proteins (all known to be higher in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the brain) turned out to be higher in human sera of AD patients than in controls. The limits of detection of total tau and phosphorylated tau proteins were 2.4 pg mL−1 and 1.6 pg mL−1, respectively. In particular, it was found that the AD group exhibited average concentration of total tau proteins 6-fold higher than the control group, while concentration of phosphorylated tau proteins was 3-fold higher than that of the control. We can attribute this inhomogeneity between both types of tau proteins (in terms of increase of control-to-AD in average concentration) to un-phosphorylated tau proteins being more likely to be produced in blood than phosphorylated tau proteins, which possibly is one of the potential key elements playing an important role in AD progress. Blood-based early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using a plasmonic fiber sensor that detects immunoreaction of tau proteins.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Thi Vu Nu
- Department of Nano-Physics
- Gachon University
- Seongnam-si
- Republic of Korea
- GachonBionano Research Institute
| | - Nhu Hoa Thi Tran
- Department of Nano-Physics
- Gachon University
- Seongnam-si
- Republic of Korea
- GachonBionano Research Institute
| | - Eunjoo Nam
- Department of Pharmacology
- College of Medicine
- Neuroscience Research Institute
- Gachon University
- Incheon
| | - Tan Tai Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science
- School of Basic Science
- TraVinh University
- TraVinh City
- Vietnam
| | - Won Jung Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering
- Gachon University
- Seongnam-si
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology
- Gachon University
- Incheon 21999
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Jungsuk Kim
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology
- Gachon University
- Incheon 21999
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Keun-A. Chang
- Department of Pharmacology
- College of Medicine
- Neuroscience Research Institute
- Gachon University
- Incheon
| | - Heongkyu Ju
- Department of Nano-Physics
- Gachon University
- Seongnam-si
- Republic of Korea
- GachonBionano Research Institute
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Cicero CE, Mostile G, Vasta R, Rapisarda V, Signorelli SS, Ferrante M, Zappia M, Nicoletti A. Metals and neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:82-94. [PMID: 28777965 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes encompass a large variety of diseases with different pathological patterns and clinical presentation such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer Disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Genetic mutations have a known causative role, but the majority of cases are likely to be probably caused by a complex gene-environment interaction. Exposure to metals has been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress in brain cells leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Neurotoxicity of metals has been demonstrated by several in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and it is likely that each metal could be toxic through specific pathways. The possible pathogenic role of different metals has been supported by some epidemiological evidences coming from occupational and ecological studies. In order to assess the possible association between metals and neurodegenerative disorders, several case-control studies have also been carried out evaluating the metals concentration in different biological specimens such as blood/serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), nail and hair, often reporting conflicting results. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge on the possible association between metals and ALS, AD and PD as main neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calogero Edoardo Cicero
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mostile
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Vasta
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Chmatalova Z, Vyhnalek M, Laczo J, Hort J, Pospisilova R, Pechova M, Skoumalova A. Relation of plasma selenium and lipid peroxidation end products in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Physiol Res 2017; 66:1049-1056. [PMID: 28937243 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress in the brain during the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to an imbalance of antioxidants and formation of free radical reaction end-products which may be detected in blood as fluorescent lipofuscin-like pigments (LFPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare LFPs with plasma selenium concentrations representing an integral part of the antioxidant system. Plasma samples from subjects with AD dementia (ADD; n=11), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n=17) and controls (n=12), were collected. The concentration of selenium was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. LFPs were analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy and quantified for different fluorescent maxima and then correlated with plasma selenium. Lower levels of selenium were detected in MCI and ADD patients than in controls (P=0.003 and P=0.049, respectively). Additionally, higher fluorescence intensities of LFPs were observed in MCI patients than in controls in four fluorescence maxima and higher fluorescence intensities were also observed in MCI patients than in ADD patients in three fluorescence maxima, respectively. A negative correlation between selenium concentrations and LFPs fluorescence was observed in the three fluorescence maxima. This is the first study focused on correlation of plasma selenium with specific lipofuscin-like products of oxidative stress in plasma of patients with Alzheimer´s disease and mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chmatalova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Tatebe H, Kasai T, Ohmichi T, Kishi Y, Kakeya T, Waragai M, Kondo M, Allsop D, Tokuda T. Quantification of plasma phosphorylated tau to use as a biomarker for brain Alzheimer pathology: pilot case-control studies including patients with Alzheimer's disease and down syndrome. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:63. [PMID: 28866979 PMCID: PMC5582385 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still a substantial unmet need for less invasive and lower-cost blood-based biomarkers to detect brain Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. This study is aimed to determine whether quantification of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181) is informative in the diagnosis of AD. METHODS We have developed a novel ultrasensitive immunoassay to quantify plasma p-tau181, and measured the levels of plasma p-tau181 in three cohorts. RESULTS In the first cohort composed of 20 AD patients and 15 age-matched controls, the plasma levels of p-tau181 were significantly higher in the AD patients than those in the controls (0.171 ± 0.166 pg/ml in AD versus 0.0405 ± 0.0756 pg/ml in controls, p = 0.0039). The percentage of the subjects whose levels of plasma p-tau181 exceeded the cut-off value (0.0921 pg/ml) was significantly higher in the AD group compared with the control group (60% in AD versus 16.7% in controls, p = 0.0090). In the second cohort composed of 20 patients with Down syndrome (DS) and 22 age-matched controls, the plasma concentrations of p-tau181 were significantly higher in the DS group (0.767 ± 1.26 pg/ml in DS versus 0.0415 ± 0.0710 pg/ml in controls, p = 0.0313). There was a significant correlation between the plasma levels of p-tau181 and age in the DS group (R2 = 0.4451, p = 0.0013). All of the DS individuals showing an extremely high concentration of plasma p-tau181 (> 1.0 pg/ml) were older than the age of 40. In the third cohort composed of 8 AD patients and 3 patients with other neurological diseases, the levels of plasma p-tau181 significantly correlated with those of CSF p-tau181 (R2 = 0.4525, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS We report for the first time quantitative data on the plasma levels of p-tau181 in controls and patients with AD and DS, and these data suggest that the plasma p-tau181 is a promising blood biomarker for brain AD pathology. This exploratory pilot study warrants further large-scale and well-controlled studies to validate the usefulness of plasma p-tau181 as an urgently needed surrogate marker for the diagnosis and disease progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harutsugu Tatebe
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
- Department of Zaitaku (Homecare) Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
| | - Takashi Kasai
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
| | - Takuma Ohmichi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kishi
- Strategic Marketing Division, SCRUM Inc, Tokyo, 130-0021 Japan
| | - Tomoshi Kakeya
- Strategic Marketing Division, SCRUM Inc, Tokyo, 130-0021 Japan
| | - Masaaki Waragai
- Department of Neurology, Higashi Matsudo Municipal Hospital, Matsudo, 270-2222 Japan
| | - Masaki Kondo
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
| | - David Allsop
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ UK
| | - Takahiko Tokuda
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology of Brain Diseases, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841 Japan
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39
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de Wilde MC, Vellas B, Girault E, Yavuz AC, Sijben JW. Lower brain and blood nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease: Results from meta-analyses. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2017; 3:416-431. [PMID: 29067348 PMCID: PMC5651428 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are at risk of nutritional insufficiencies because of physiological and psychological factors. Recently, we showed the results of the meta-analyses indicating lower plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, C, E, and folate in AD patients compared with cognitively intact elderly controls (controls). Now, additional and more extensive literature searches were performed selecting studies which compare blood and brain/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids in AD patients versus controls. METHODS The literature published after 1980 in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, and Embase electronic databases was systematically analyzed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to detect studies meeting the selection criteria. Search terms used are as follows: AD patients, Controls, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids. Random-effects meta-analyses using a linear mixed model with correction for age differences between AD patients and controls were performed when four or more publications were retrieved for a specific nutrient. RESULTS Random-effects meta-analyses of 116 selected publications showed significant lower CSF/brain levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline-containing lipids, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E. In addition, AD patients showed lower circulatory levels of DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, choline as phosphatidylcholine, and selenium. CONCLUSION The current data show that patients with AD have lower CSF/brain availability of DHA, choline, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Directionally, brain nutrient status appears to parallel the lower circulatory nutrient status; however, more studies are required measuring simultaneously circulatory and central nutrient status to obtain better insight in this observation. The brain is dependent on nutrient supply from the circulation, which in combination with nutrient involvement in AD-pathophysiological mechanisms suggests that patients with AD may have specific nutritional requirements. This hypothesis could be tested using a multicomponent nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn C. de Wilde
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole and UMR INSERM 1027 University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Girault
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - John W. Sijben
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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40
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Lue LF, Sabbagh MN, Chiu MJ, Jing N, Snyder NL, Schmitz C, Guerra A, Belden CM, Chen TF, Yang CC, Yang SY, Walker DG, Chen K, Reiman EM. Plasma Levels of Aβ42 and Tau Identified Probable Alzheimer's Dementia: Findings in Two Cohorts. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:226. [PMID: 28790911 PMCID: PMC5522888 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The utility of plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau levels for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia has been controversial. The main objective of this study was to compare Aβ42 and tau levels measured by the ultra-sensitive immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assays in plasma samples collected at the Banner Sun Health Institute (BSHRI) (United States) with those from the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) (Taiwan). Significant increase in tau levels were detected in AD subjects from both cohorts, while Aβ42 levels were increased only in the NTUH cohort. A regression model incorporating age showed that tau levels identified probable ADs with 81 and 96% accuracy in the BSHRI and NTUH cohorts, respectively, while computed products of Aβ42 and tau increased the accuracy to 84% in the BSHRI cohorts. Using 382.68 (pg/ml)2 as the cut-off value, the product achieved 92% accuracy in identifying AD in the combined cohorts. Overall findings support that plasma Aβ42 and tau assayed by IMR technology can be used to assist in the clinical diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Fen Lue
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun CityAZ, United States.,Arizona State University-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun CityAZ, United States
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Naomi Jing
- Department of Statistics, College of Letters and Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, BerkeleyCA, United States
| | | | - Christopher Schmitz
- Arizona State University-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States
| | - Andre Guerra
- Arizona State University-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States
| | - Christine M Belden
- Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun CityAZ, United States
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Douglas G Walker
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun CityAZ, United States.,Arizona State University-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, PhoenixAZ, United States
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, PhoenixAZ, United States.,Translational Genomics Research Institute, PhoenixAZ, United States.,Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, PhoenixAZ, United States
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Abstract
The utility of the levels of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and tau in blood for diagnosis, drug development, and assessment of clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been established. The lack of availability of ultra-sensitive assays is one critical issue that has impeded progress. The levels of Aβ species and tau in plasma and serum are much lower than levels in cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, plasma or serum contain high levels of assay-interfering factors, resulting in difficulties in the commonly used singulex or multiplex ELISA platforms. In this review, we focus on two modern immune-complex-based technologies that show promise to advance this field. These innovative technologies are immunomagnetic reduction technology and single molecule array technology. We describe the technologies and discuss the published studies using these technologies. Currently, the potential of utilizing these technologies to advance Aβ and tau as blood-based biomarkers for AD requires further validation using already collected large sets of samples, as well as new cohorts and population-based longitudinal studies.
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Rani P, Krishnan S, Rani Cathrine C. Study on Analysis of Peripheral Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis. Front Neurol 2017; 8:328. [PMID: 28769864 PMCID: PMC5509803 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors are involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology including tau phosphorylation, amyloid β protein (Aβ) accumulation, lipid dysregulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The markers of these pathological processes in cerebral spinal fluid are used currently for AD diagnosis. However, peripheral biomarkers are the need of the hour for large population screening for AD. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the peripheral levels of redox markers, lipid peroxidation (LPO) indicators, and pathological markers in AD patients. Blood was collected from AD patients (n = 45), controls (n = 45), and analyzed for pathological markers of AD including Aβ42 and tau, LPO, and redox indicators. Plasma Aβ42 was significantly (P < 0.001) elevated while total tau was decreased in AD compared to controls. Hydroxynonenal (HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher (P < 0.001) in AD patients pointing the enhanced LPO in AD pathology. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis indicated that HNE is a better indicator of LPO compared to MDA. Plasma glutathione (GSH) level was significantly (P < 0.001) low while oxidized glutathione (GSSG) level was higher (P < 0.001) in AD patients with corresponding decrease in GSH/GSSG ratio (P < 0.001). ROC analysis indicated that GSH/GSSG ratio can be used as reliable indicator for redox imbalance in AD with a cutoff value of <8.73 (sensitivity 91.1%, specificity 97.8%). Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation for both HNE and MDA with Aβ42 and a negative correlation with total tau. Negative correlation was observed between GSH/GSSG ratio and LPO markers. While oxidative stress has been implicated in pathology of various neurodegenerative disorders, the present study pinpoints the direct link between LPO and Aβ production in plasma of AD patients. Normally, at low amyloid concentration in body fluids, this peptide shown to function as a strong metal chelating antioxidant. However, when the Aβ production enhanced as in AD, through gain of functional transformation, Aβ evolves into prooxidant, thereby enhancing oxidative stress and LPO. Altered redox status with enhanced LPO observed in AD blood could contribute to the oxidation and S-glutathionylation proteins, which has to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniswamy Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sreeram Krishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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Reddy VS, Bukke S, Dutt N, Rana P, Pandey AK. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the circulatory, erythrocellular and CSF selenium levels in Alzheimer's disease: A metal meta-analysis (AMMA study-I). J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 42:68-75. [PMID: 28595794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available studies in the literature on the selenium levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are inconsistent with some studies reporting its decrease in the circulation, while others reported an increase or no change as compared to controls. AIM The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of circulatory (plasma/serum and blood), erythrocyte and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) selenium levels in AD compared controls. We also performed a meta-analysis of the correlation coefficients (r) to demonstrate the associations between selenium and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in AD patients. METHODS All major databases were searched for eligible studies. We included 12 case-control/observational studies reporting selenium concentrations in AD and controls. Pooled-overall effect size as standardized mean difference (SMD) and pooled r-values were generated using Review Manager 5.3 and MedCalc 15.8 software. RESULTS Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a decrease in circulatory (SMD=-0.44), erythrocellular (SMD=-0.52) and CSF (SMD=-0.14) selenium levels in AD patients compared to controls. Stratified meta-analysis demonstrated that the selenium levels were decreased in both the subgroups with (SMD=-0.55) and without (SMD=-0.37) age matching between AD and controls. Our results also demonstrated a direct association between decreased selenium levels and GPx in AD. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that circulatory selenium concentration is significantly lower in AD patients compared to controls and this decrease in selenium is directly correlated with an important antioxidant enzyme, the GPx, in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varikasuvu Seshadri Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Maheshwara Medical College & Hospital, Chitkul, Patancheru, Telangana 502307, India.
| | - Suman Bukke
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Dutt
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Puneet Rana
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shri Balaji Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Arun Kumar Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, BPS Government Medical College, Haryana, India
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Nazıroğlu M, Muhamad S, Pecze L. Nanoparticles as potential clinical therapeutic agents in Alzheimer's disease: focus on selenium nanoparticles. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2017; 10:773-782. [PMID: 28463572 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2017.1324781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), involvement of amyloid β (Aβ) plaque accumulation and oxidative stress in the brain have important roles. Several nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide, silica dioxide, silver and zinc oxide have been experimentally using for treatment of neurological disease. In the last decade, there has been a great interest on combination of antioxidant bioactive compounds such as selenium (Se) and flavonoids with the oxidant nanoparticles in AD. We evaluated the most current data available on the physiological effects of oxidant and antioxidant nanoparticles. Areas covered: Oxidative nanoparticles decreased the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in the brain of rats and mice. However, Se-rich nanoparticles in small size (5-15 nm) depleted Aβ formation through decreasing ROS production. Reports on low levels of Se in blood and tissue samples and the low activities of GSH-Px, catalase and SOD enzymes in AD patients and animal models support the proposed crucial role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD. Expert commentary: In conclusion, present literature suggests that Se-rich nanoparticles appeared to be a potential therapeutic compound for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- a Neuroscience Research Center , Suleyman Demirel University , Isparta , Turkey
| | - Salina Muhamad
- b NANO Elec-Tronic Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi MARA , Shah Alam , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Laszlo Pecze
- c Institute of Anatomy, Department of Medicine , University of Fribourg , Fribourg , Switzerland
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45
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Mattsson N, Zetterberg H, Janelidze S, Insel PS, Andreasson U, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Baker D, Tan Hehir CA, Jeromin A, Hanlon D, Song L, Shaw LM, Trojanowski JQ, Weiner MW, Hansson O, Blennow K. Plasma tau in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2016; 87:1827-1835. [PMID: 27694257 PMCID: PMC5089525 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To test whether plasma tau is altered in Alzheimer disease (AD) and whether it is related to changes in cognition, CSF biomarkers of AD pathology (including β-amyloid [Aβ] and tau), brain atrophy, and brain metabolism. Methods: This was a study of plasma tau in prospectively followed patients with AD (n = 179), patients with mild cognitive impairment (n = 195), and cognitive healthy controls (n = 189) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and cross-sectionally studied patients with AD (n = 61), mild cognitive impairment (n = 212), and subjective cognitive decline (n = 174) and controls (n = 274) from the Biomarkers for Identifying Neurodegenerative Disorders Early and Reliably (BioFINDER) study at Lund University, Sweden. A total of 1284 participants were studied. Associations were tested between plasma tau and diagnosis, CSF biomarkers, MRI measures, 18fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, and cognition. Results: Higher plasma tau was associated with AD dementia, higher CSF tau, and lower CSF Aβ42, but the correlations were weak and differed between ADNI and BioFINDER. Longitudinal analysis in ADNI showed significant associations between plasma tau and worse cognition, more atrophy, and more hypometabolism during follow-up. Conclusions: Plasma tau partly reflects AD pathology, but the overlap between normal aging and AD is large, especially in patients without dementia. Despite group-level differences, these results do not support plasma tau as an AD biomarker in individual people. Future studies may test longitudinal plasma tau measurements in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Mattsson
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco.
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Shorena Janelidze
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Philip S Insel
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Erik Stomrud
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - David Baker
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Cristina A Tan Hehir
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Andreas Jeromin
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - David Hanlon
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Linan Song
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Michael W Weiner
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Oskar Hansson
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kaj Blennow
- From the Clinical Memory Research Unit (N.M., S.J., P.S.I., E.S., S.P., O.H.), Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University; Department of Neurology (N.M., E.S., O.H., S.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Lund; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory (H.Z., U.A., K.B.), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Canpus, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience (H.Z.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK; Janssen R&D (D.B.), Titusville, NJ; Diagnostics and Life Sciences (C.A.T.H.), GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY; Quanterix Corporation (A.J., D.H., L.S.), Lexington, MA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S., J.Q.T.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (M.W.W.), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (M.W.W.), University of California, San Francisco
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46
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Aaseth J, Alexander J, Bjørklund G, Hestad K, Dusek P, Roos PM, Alehagen U. Treatment strategies in Alzheimer's disease: a review with focus on selenium supplementation. Biometals 2016; 29:827-39. [PMID: 27530256 PMCID: PMC5034004 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder presenting one of the biggest healthcare challenges in developed countries. No effective treatment exists. In recent years the main focus of AD research has been on the amyloid hypothesis, which postulates that extracellular precipitates of beta amyloid (Aβ) derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP) are responsible for the cognitive impairment seen in AD. Treatment strategies have been to reduce Aβ production through inhibition of enzymes responsible for its formation, or to promote resolution of existing cerebral Aβ plaques. However, these approaches have failed to demonstrate significant cognitive improvements. Intracellular rather than extracellular events may be fundamental in AD pathogenesis. Selenate is a potent inhibitor of tau hyperphosphorylation, a critical step in the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Some selenium (Se) compounds e.g. selenoprotein P also appear to protect APP against excessive copper and iron deposition. Selenoproteins show anti-inflammatory properties, and protect microtubules in the neuronal cytoskeleton. Optimal function of these selenoenzymes requires higher Se intake than what is common in Europe and also higher intake than traditionally recommended. Supplementary treatment with N-acetylcysteine increases levels of the antioxidative cofactor glutathione and can mediate adjuvant protection. The present review discusses the role of Se in AD treatment and suggests strategies for AD prevention by optimizing selenium intake, in accordance with the metal dysregulation hypothesis. This includes in particular secondary prevention by selenium supplementation to elderly with mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Aaseth
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Jan Alexander
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Knut Hestad
- Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Petr Dusek
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Per M Roos
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, IMM, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Physiology, St.Goran Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Urban Alehagen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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47
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ABIKO T, KOBAYASHI K, MATSUKAWA T, SHINOHARA A, FURUTA N. Effects of Selenium Deficiency on Proteins Containing Essential Trace Elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se) in Mouse Brain. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2016. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuto ABIKO
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University
| | - Keito KOBAYASHI
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University
| | - Takehisa MATSUKAWA
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University
| | - Atsuko SHINOHARA
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University
| | - Naoki FURUTA
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University
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48
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Mukaetova-Ladinska EB, Li M, Kalaria RN. tau protein, ischemic injury and vascular dementia. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl.15.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathological studies have confirmed overlap between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). Classical neuropathological changes of AD (plaques and tangles) can be present in VaD. We review neuroimaging, biochemical and animal studies to consider the role of tau protein in ischemic injury and VaD pathogenesis. The evidence comes largely from transgenic animal studies that confirm that tau transgenes influence cerebral vasculature. Clinicobiochemical studies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have, similarly, confirmed alterations in both total and phosphorylated tau protein in VaD. These data suggest that tau protein not only serves as a potential diagnostic tool for differential diagnosis of VaD from other types of dementia, but may also be a therapeutic target in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mosi Li
- Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing & Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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49
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Solovyev ND. Importance of selenium and selenoprotein for brain function: From antioxidant protection to neuronal signalling. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:1-12. [PMID: 26398431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple biological functions of selenium manifest themselves mainly via 25 selenoproteins that have selenocysteine at their active centre. Selenium is vital for the brain and seems to participate in the pathology of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and epilepsy. Since selenium was shown to be involved in diverse functions of the central nervous system, such as motor performance, coordination, memory and cognition, a possible role of selenium and selenoproteins in brain signalling pathways may be assumed. The aim of the present review is to analyse possible relations between selenium and neurotransmission. Selenoproteins seem to be of special importance in the development and functioning of GABAergic (GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid) parvalbumin positive interneurons of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Dopamine pathway might be also selenium dependent as selenium shows neuroprotection in the nigrostriatal pathway and also exerts toxicity towards dopaminergic neurons under higher concentrations. Recent findings also point to acetylcholine neurotransmission involvement. The role of selenium and selenoproteins in neurotransmission might not only be limited to their antioxidant properties but also to inflammation, influencing protein phosphorylation and ion channels, alteration of calcium homeostasis and brain cholesterol metabolism. Moreover, a direct signalling function was proposed for selenoprotein P through interaction with post-synaptic apoliprotein E receptors 2 (ApoER2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay D Solovyev
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russian Federation.
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50
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Shanthi KB, Krishnan S, Rani P. A systematic review and meta-analysis of plasma amyloid 1-42 and tau as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. SAGE Open Med 2015; 3:2050312115598250. [PMID: 26770797 PMCID: PMC4679337 DOI: 10.1177/2050312115598250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42) and tau in cerebrospinal fluid are currently used as markers for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Conflicting reports exist regarding their plasma levels in Alzheimer's disease patients. A meta-analysis was performed to statistically validate the use of plasma Aβ42 and tau as biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Different databases were searched using the search key: (amyloid OR amyloid1-42 OR Aβ42) AND (tau OR total tau) AND plasma AND (alzheimer's OR alzheimer's disease), and for databases not accepting boolean search, records were retrieved using the search key: plasma + amyloid + tau + alzheimer's. A total of 1880 articles for Aβ42 and 1508 articles for tau were shortlisted. The abstracts were screened, and 69 articles reporting plasma Aβ42 levels and 6 articles reporting plasma tau were identified. After exclusion, 25 studies reporting plasma Aβ42 and 6 studies reporting total tau were analysed in Review Manager version 5.2 using weighted mean difference method, and the bias between studies was assessed using the funnel plot. RESULTS Plasma Aβ42 and tau did not vary significantly between Alzheimer's disease patients and controls. The funnel plot showed that there was no bias between studies for Aβ42, while possible bias existed for tau due to availability of limited studies. CONCLUSION This analysis pinpoints that plasma Aβ42 and tau could not serve as reliable markers independently for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and a cohort study with age, sex and apolipoprotein E correction is warranted for their possible use as Alzheimer's disease markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreeram Krishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - P Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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