1
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Zhang H, Yan J, Xie D, Zhu X, Nie G, Zhang H, Li X. Selenium restored mitophagic flux to alleviate cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting excessive GPER1-mediated mitophagy activation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134855. [PMID: 38880044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant, while selenium (Se) can ameliorate heavy metal toxicity. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Se against Cd-induced hepatocyte injury and its underlying mechanisms. To achieve this, we utilized the Dongdagou-Xinglong cohort, BRL3A cell models, and a rat model exposed to Cd and/or Se. The results showed that Se counteracted liver function injury and the decrease in GPER1 levels caused by environmental Cd exposure, and various methods confirmed that Se could protect against Cd-induced hepatotoxicity both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, Cd caused excessive mitophagy activation, evidenced by the colocalization of LC3B, PINK1, Parkin, P62, and TOMM20. Transfection of BRL3A cells with mt-keima adenovirus indicated that Cd inhibited autophagosome-lysosome fusion, thereby impeding mitophagic flux. Importantly, G1, a specific agonist of GPER1, mitigated Cd-induced mitophagy overactivation and hepatocyte toxicity, whereas G15 exacerbates these effects. Notably, Se supplementation attenuated Cd-induced GPER1 protein reduction and excessive mitophagy activation while facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion, thereby restoring mitophagic flux. In conclusion, this study proposed a novel mechanism whereby Se alleviated GPER1-mediated mitophagy and promoted autophagosome-lysosome fusion, thus restoring Cd-induced mitophagic flux damage, and preventing hepatocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Medical School Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Danna Xie
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Theater, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Medical School Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China; General Surgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Tehrani SD, Hosseini A, Shahzamani M, Heidari Z, Askari G, Majeed M, Sahebkar A, Bagherniya M. Evaluation of the effectiveness of curcumin and piperine co-supplementation on inflammatory factors, cardiac biomarkers, atrial fibrillation, and clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 62:57-65. [PMID: 38901949 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is one of the preferred treatments for patients with heart problems, especially in individuals with other comorbidities and when multiple arteries are narrowed. This study aimed to assess the effects of administrating curcumin-piperine on patients who underwent CABG surgery. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, in which 80 eligible adults who underwent CABG surgery, were randomized into 4 groups. Patients received 3 tablets daily for 5 days after the surgery, which contained curcumin-piperine (each tablet contained 500 mg curcumin +5 mg piperine) or a placebo (each tablet contained 505 mg maltodextrin). Group A received 3 placebo tablets, group B received 2 placebos and one curcumin-piperine tablet, group C received 1 placebo and 2 curcumin-piperine tablets, and group D received 3 curcumin-piperine tablets. Before and after the intervention, C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), cardiometabolic factors, clinical outcomes, and 28-day mortality were evaluated. RESULTS Between-group analysis showed that CRP significantly decreased (P = 0.028), and TAC significantly increased (P = 0.033) after the intervention (Post hoc analysis showed that for CRP, the difference was between group B and D, and for TAC was between group C and D). Between-group analysis also showed that creatine kinase mono-phosphate (CK-MB) marginally reduced (P = 0.077); however, changes for troponin I (P = 0.692), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = 0.668), ejection fraction (P = 0.340), and arterial fibrillation (P = 0.99) were not significant. Blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.820) and serum creatinine (P = 0.244) did not show notable changes between groups. CONCLUSION Supplementation with curcumin-piperine had a promising effect on serum CRP and TAC. It also had a favorable impact on CK-MB among patients who underwent CABG surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20201129049534N4, available on https://en.irct.ir/trial/56930.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Dadkhah Tehrani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Hosseini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Shahzamani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Muhammed Majeed
- Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, 19/1&19/2, I Main, II Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 058, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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3
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Wei H, Huang H, He H, Xiao Y, Chun L, Jin Z, Li H, Zheng L, Zhao J, Qin Z. Pt-Se Hybrid Nanozymes with Potent Catalytic Activities to Scavenge ROS/RONS and Regulate Macrophage Polarization for Osteoarthritis Therapy. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0310. [PMID: 38410279 PMCID: PMC10895487 DOI: 10.34133/research.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The activation of pro-inflammatory M1-type macrophages by overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RONS) in synovial membranes contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) progression and cartilage matrix degradation. Here, combing Pt and Se with potent catalytic activities, we developed a hybrid Pt-Se nanozymes as ROS and RONS scavengers to exert synergistic effects for OA therapy. As a result, Pt-Se nanozymes exhibited efficient scavenging effect on ROS and RONS levels, leading to repolarization of M1-type macrophages. Furthermore, the polarization of synovial macrophages to the M2 phenotype inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and salvaged mitochondrial function in arthritic chondrocytes. In vivo results also suggest that Pt-Se nanozymes effectively suppress the early progression of OA with an Osteoarthritis Research International Association score reduction of 68.21% and 82.66% for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, this study provides a promising strategy to regulate inflammatory responses by macrophage repolarization processes for OA therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hongjun Huang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics,
Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Haoqiang He
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuanming Xiao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Life Sciences Institute,
Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Lu Chun
- School of Materials and Environment,
Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, Guangxi 53000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Hanyang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics,
Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zainen Qin
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration & Collaborative Innovation Center of Regenerative Medicine and MedicalBioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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4
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Sunoqrot S, Abu Shalhoob M, Jarrar Y, Hammad AM, Al-Ameer HJ, Al-Awaida W. Nanoencapsulated Curcumin Mitigates Liver Injury and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes Induction in Diclofenac-Treated Mice. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7881-7890. [PMID: 38405487 PMCID: PMC10882592 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a natural product with known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. The aim of this study was to formulate CUR into a polymeric nanoparticle (NP) formulation and examine its potential hepatoprotective activity in an animal model of diclofenac (DIC)-induced hepatotoxicity. CUR was loaded into polymeric NPs composed of poly(ethylene glycol)-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL). The optimal CUR NPs were evaluated against DIC-induced hepatotoxicity in mice, by studying the histopathological changes and gene expression of drug-metabolizing cyp450 (cyp2c29 and cyp2d9) and ugt (ugt2b1) genes in the livers of the animals. The optimal NPs were around 67 nm in diameter with more than 80% loading efficiency and sustained release. Histological findings of mice livers revealed that CUR NPs exhibited a superior hepatoprotective effect compared to free CUR, and both groups reduced DIC-mediated liver tissue injury. While treatment with DIC alone or with CUR and CUR NPs had no effect on cyp2c29 gene expression, cyp2d9 and ugt2b1 genes were upregulated in the DIC-treated group, and this effect was reversed by CUR both as a free drug and as CUR NPs. Our findings present a promising application for nanoencapsulated CUR in the treatment of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced liver injury and the associated dysregulation in the expression of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhair Sunoqrot
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah
University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Abu Shalhoob
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah
University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Yazun Jarrar
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Alaa M. Hammad
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah
University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Wajdy Al-Awaida
- Department
of Biology and Biotechnology, American University
of Madaba, Madaba 17110, Jordan
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5
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Li Y, Li M, Duan S, Zhang S, Lu H, Guo X, Zhong K. d-Tetramethrin causes zebrafish hepatotoxicity by inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell proliferation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116817. [PMID: 38215995 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
d-Tetramethrin is one of the main components of mosquito control products, and is widely used for the control of dengue fever and insecticide production. Due to its widespread use, d-tetramethrin is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and poses potential risks to human health. However, the effects of d-tetramethrin on liver morphology and function are not clearly established. In this study, we used zebrafish as an animal model to analyze the acute and chronic effects of d-tetramethrin exposure on the liver. We exposed zebrafish larvae and adults to different concentrations of d-tetramethrin and examined the impact of d-tetramethrin on lipid and glycogen metabolism, cellular properties, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the liver. We also analyzed transcriptional changes in genes related to apoptosis, inflammation, and cell proliferation using qPCR. Zebrafish exposed to d-tetramethrin exhibited severe liver damage, as evidenced by the presence of vacuoles and nuclear distortion in liver cells. The liver area in zebrafish larvae of the treatment group was significantly smaller than that of the control group. Significant lipid accumulation and decreased glycogen levels were observed in the livers of both zebrafish larvae and adults exposed to d-tetramethrin. Furthermore, d-tetramethrin exposure induced apoptosis and inflammation in zebrafish embryos. Additionally, d-tetramethrin caused liver damage, metabolic dysfunction, and impaired liver function. These results suggest that d-tetramethrin induces liver toxicity in zebrafish, by inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mijia Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiyi Duan
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sijie Zhang
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinchun Guo
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Keyuan Zhong
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory for Drug Screening and Discovery, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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6
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Wang D, Xie W, He W, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Cong X, Cheng S, Liu Y. Selenium-Enriched Cardamine violifolia Alleviates LPS-Induced Hepatic Damage and Inflammation by Suppressing TLR4/NODs-Necroptosis Signal Axes in Piglets. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:527-537. [PMID: 37233925 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium-enriched Cardamine violifolia (SEC), a cruciferous plant, exerts excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, but its effect on hepatic function is unclear. This study investigated the effect and potential mechanism of SEC on hepatic injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four weaned piglets were randomly allotted to treatment with SEC (0.3 mg/kg Se) and/or LPS (100 μg/kg). After 28 days of the trial, pigs were injected with LPS to induce hepatic injury. These results indicated that SEC supplementation attenuated LPS-induced hepatic morphological injury and reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in plasma. SEC also inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) after the LPS challenge. In addition, SEC improved hepatic antioxidant capacity via enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Moreover, SEC downregulated the mRNA expression of hepatic myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain proteins 1 (NOD1) and its adaptor molecule receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2). SEC also alleviated LPS-induced hepatic necroptosis by inhibiting RIPK1, RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) expression. These data suggest that SEC potentially mitigates LPS-induced hepatic injury via inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NOD2 and necroptosis signaling pathways in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Wenshuai Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Wensheng He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Huiling Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Qingyu Gao
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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7
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Tureyen A, Demirel HH, Demirkapi EN, Eryavuz AM, Ince S. Tubuloside A, a phenylethanoid glycoside, alleviates diclofenac induced hepato-nephro oxidative injury via Nrf2/HO-1. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3404-3413. [PMID: 37772986 PMCID: PMC10623516 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prominent adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac (DF) are hepato-renal damage. Natural antioxidants can be preferred as an alternative and/or combination to improve this damage. This present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Tubuloside A (TA) against diclofenac (DF)-induced hepato-renal damage. TA (1 mg/kg, ip) was administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 5 days, and DF (50 mg/kg, ip) was administered on Days 4 and 5. Plasma aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were measured to evaluate liver and kidney functions. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine) in blood, liver, and kidney tissues, changes in mRNA expression of genes involved in the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway (Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, IL-6, iNOS, Cox-2, TNF-α, IL1-β and NFκB) and apoptotic process (Bcl-2, Cas-3 and Bax) in liver and kidney tissues were determined. Additionally, tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically. Biochemical, histopathological, and molecular results demonstrated the hepato-renal toxic effects of DF, and TA treatment protected the liver and kidney from DF-induced damage. This provides an explanation for the hepato-nephro damage caused by DF and offers new ideas and drug targets together with TA for the prevention and treatment of DF injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tureyen
- Department of GastroenterologyMinistry of Health Eskisehir City HospitalEskisehirTurkey
| | | | - Ezgi Nur Demirkapi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of PhysiologyAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Azra Mila Eryavuz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisarTurkey
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8
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Hasan IH, Badr A, Almalki H, Alhindi A, Mostafa HS. Podocin, mTOR, and CHOP dysregulation contributes to nephrotoxicity induced of lipopolysaccharide/diclofenac combination in rats: Curcumin and silymarin could afford protective effect. Life Sci 2023; 330:121996. [PMID: 37536613 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sepsis is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main gram-negative bacterial cell wall component with a well-documented inflammatory impact. Diclofenac (DIC) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a potential nephrotoxic effect. Curcumin (CUR) and silymarin (SY) are natural products with a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ones. The objective of this study was to examine the protective impact of CUR and SY against kidney damage induced by LPS/DIC co-exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four groups of rats were used; control; LPS/DIC, LPS/DIC + CUR, and LPS/DIC + SY group. LPS/DIC combination induced renal injury at an LPS dose much lower than a nephrotoxic one. KEY FINDING Nephrotoxicity was confirmed by histopathological examination and significant elevation of renal function markers. LPS/DIC induced oxidative stress in renal tissues, evidenced by decreasing reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase, and increasing lipid peroxidation. Inflammatory response of LPS/DIC was associated with a significant increase of renal IL-1β and TNF-α. Treatment with either CUR or SY shifted measured parameters to the opposite side. Moreover, LPS/DIC exposure was associated with upregulation of mTOR and endoplasmic reticulum stress protein (CHOP) and downregulation of podocin These effects were accompanied by reduced gene expression of cystatin C and KIM-1. CUR and SY ameliorated LPS/DIC effect on the aforementioned genes and protein significantly. SIGNIFICANCE This study confirms the potential nephrotoxicity; mechanisms include upregulation of mTOR, CHOP, cystatin C, and KIM-1 and downregulation of podocin. Moreover, both CUR and SY are promising nephroprotective products against LPS/DIC co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman H Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amira Badr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen Almalki
- Pharm D program, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alhindi
- Pharm D program, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham S Mostafa
- Statistics Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2456, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Zahra FT, Quick Q, Mu R. Electrospun PVA Fibers for Drug Delivery: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3837. [PMID: 37765691 PMCID: PMC10536586 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovation in biomedical science is always a field of interest for researchers. Drug delivery, being one of the key areas of biomedical science, has gained considerable significance. The utilization of simple yet effective techniques such as electrospinning has undergone significant development in the field of drug delivery. Various polymers such as PEG (polyethylene glycol), PLGA (Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)), PLA(Polylactic acid), and PCA (poly(methacrylate citric acid)) have been utilized to prepare electrospinning-based drug delivery systems (DDSs). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has recently gained attention because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and ideal mechanical properties as these are the key factors in developing DDSs. Moreover, it has shown promising results in developing DDSs individually and when combined with natural and synthetic polymers such as chitosan and polycaprolactone (PCL). Considering the outstanding properties of PVA, the aim of this review paper was therefore to summarize these recent advances by highlighting the potential of electrospun PVA for drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima T. Zahra
- TIGER Institute, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Quincy Quick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Richard Mu
- TIGER Institute, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
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Sarawi WS, Alhusaini AM, Alghibiwi HK, Alsaab JS, Hasan IH. Roles of Nrf2/HO-1 and ICAM-1 in the Protective Effect of Nano-Curcumin against Copper-Induced Lung Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13975. [PMID: 37762280 PMCID: PMC10531221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for maintaining normal homeostasis in living organisms. Yet, an elevated level of Cu beyond homeostatic capacity may lead to oxidative damage of cellular components in several organs, including the lungs. This work investigated the effects of curcumin (Curc) and nano-curcumin (nCurc) against Cu-induced lung injury, accenting the roles of oxidative stress, inflammation, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor/heme oxygenase-1 Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Rats were challenged with 100 mg/kg of copper sulfate (CuSO4) while being treated with Curc or nCurc for 7 days. Cu-triggered lung oxidative stress detected as dysregulation of oxidative/antioxidant markers, a downregulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling, and an increase in the inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Additionally, it decreased the expression of lung-specific proteins, surfactant protein-C (SP-C), and mucin-1 (MUC-1), induced apoptosis, and caused changes in lung histology. Curc and nCurc alleviated CuSO4-induced lung injury by suppressing oxidative damage and inflammation and activating Nrf-2/HO-1. They also prevented apoptosis and restored the normal expression of SP-C and MUC-1. We concluded that nCurc exhibited superior efficacy compared with Curc in mitigating CuSO4-induced lung injury. This was associated with reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic responses and increased Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and expression of SP-C and MUC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wedad S. Sarawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (H.K.A.); (J.S.A.); (I.H.H.)
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11
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Kianmehr M, Behdadfard M, Hedayati-Moghadam M, Khazdair MR. Effects of Herbs and Derived Natural Products on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toxicity: A Literature Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:7675183. [PMID: 37102170 PMCID: PMC10125742 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7675183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress (OS) during inflammation can increase inflammatory responses and damage tissue. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in several organs. Natural products have several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunoregulatory properties. The aims of the study are to study the possible therapeutic effects of natural products on LPS inducing toxicity on the nervous system, lung, liver, and immune system. Methods The in vitro and in vivo research articles that were published in the last 5 years were included in the current study. The keywords included "lipopolysaccharide," "toxicity," "natural products," and "plant extract" were searched in different databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar until October 2021. Results The results of most studies indicated that some medicinal herbs and their potent natural products can help to prevent, treat, and manage LPS-induced toxicity. Medicinal herbs and plant-derived natural products showed promising effects on managing and treating oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunomodulation by several mechanisms. Conclusion However, these findings provide information about natural products for the prevention and treatment of LPS-induced toxicity, but the scientific validation of natural products requires more evidence on animal models to replace modern commercial medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Behdadfard
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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12
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Ali FEM, Abd El-Aziz MK, Sharab EI, Bakr AG. Therapeutic interventions of acute and chronic liver disorders: A comprehensive review. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:19-40. [PMID: 36744165 PMCID: PMC9896501 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disorders are one of the most common pathological problems worldwide. It affects more than 1.5 billion worldwide. Many types of hepatic cells have been reported to be involved in the initiation and propagation of both acute and chronic liver diseases, including hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In addition, oxidative stress, cytokines, fibrogenic factors, microRNAs, and autophagy are also involved. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver diseases leads to discovering new therapeutic interventions that can be used in clinics. Recently, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-HSCs therapy, gene therapy, cell therapy, gut microbiota, and nanoparticles have great potential for preventing and treating liver diseases. Here, we explored the recent possible molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic liver diseases. Besides, we overviewed the recent therapeutic interventions that targeted liver diseases and summarized the recent studies concerning liver disorders therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares EM Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Elham I Sharab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Adel G Bakr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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Wang W, Shi Y, Qiu T, Meng J, Ding J, Wang W, Wu D, Li K, Liu J, Wu Y. Modified rougan decoction alleviates lipopolysaccharide-enrofloxacin-induced hepatotoxicity via activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway in chicken. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102404. [PMID: 36584418 PMCID: PMC9827067 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury plays a heavy burden on the chicken industry. Although modified rougan decoction is a prescription for the treatment of liver disease based on the classical prescription of rougan decoction (containing peony and licorice). However, the effect and mechanism of modified rougan decoction on the liver remain unclear. In this study, the effects of the water extracts (MRGD) and the alcohol precipitates of water extracts (MRGDE) against lipopolysaccharide-enrofloxacin (LPS-ENR)-induced hepatotoxicity were discussed in vivo and in vitro. The isolated hepatocytes and 128 one-day-old Hyline chickens were considered research objects. The indices of liver injury and oxidative stress were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained and the assay kits, and the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant responsive element (ARE) pathway was detected by the RT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence tests. All data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS 20.0 software. In vivo, the structural integrity of the liver was maintained, AST, ALT, and MDA levels were decreased, and antioxidant enzymes were increased, confirming that the oxidative stress was reduced and liver injury was alleviated. Correspondingly, MRGD and MRGDE were observed to improve cell viability and decrease lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in vitro, and the cell oxidative damage was reduced. In addition, the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was improved significantly, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of the related genes were upregulated. In conclusion, MRGD and MRGDE can exert a protective effect against LPS-ENR-induced hepatotoxicity by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway, which might be a potential therapeutic prescription for preventing or treating liver injury. Notably, no significant difference was found between the 2 extracts, suggesting that a depth extraction method did not always improve the efficacy of natural medicine. Our results provided new insights into finding effective hepatoprotective medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Sokolović D, Lazarević M, Milić D, Stanojković Z, Mitić K, Sokolović DT. Melatonin arrests excessive inflammatory response and apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide-damaged rat liver: A deeper insight into its mechanism of action. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Coutinho-Wolino KS, Almeida PP, Mafra D, Stockler-Pinto MB. Bioactive compounds modulating Toll-like 4 receptor (TLR4)-mediated inflammation: pathways involved and future perspectives. Nutr Res 2022; 107:96-116. [PMID: 36209684 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is associated with the development and progression of several noncommunicable diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Evidence suggests that pattern recognition receptors that identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns are crucial in chronic inflammation. Among the pattern recognition receptors, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulates several inflammatory pathway agonists, such as nuclear factor-κB, interferon regulator factor 3, and nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 pathways, which consequently trigger the expression of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, increasing the risk of noncommunicable disease development and progression. Studies have focused on the antagonistic potential of bioactive compounds, following the concept of food as a medicine, in which nutritional strategies may mitigate inflammation via TLR4 modulation. Thus, this review discusses preclinical evidence concerning bioactive compounds from fruit, vegetable, spice, and herb extracts (curcumin, resveratrol, catechin, cinnamaldehyde, emodin, ginsenosides, quercetin, allicin, and caffeine) that may regulate the TLR4 pathway and reduce the inflammatory response. Bioactive compounds can inhibit TLR4-mediated inflammation through gut microbiota modulation, improvement of intestinal permeability, inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-TLR4 binding, and decreasing TLR4 expression by modulation of microRNAs and antioxidant pathways. The responses directly mitigated inflammation, especially nuclear factor-κB activation and inflammatory cytokines release. These findings should be considered for further clinical studies on inflammation-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Coutinho-Wolino
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Patricia P Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR, Ahmed OS, Abdel-Daim MM, Sayed AM. The role of inflammation in cadmium nephrotoxicity: NF-κB comes into view. Life Sci 2022; 308:120971. [PMID: 36130617 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kidney diseases are major health problem and understanding the underlined mechanisms that lead to kidney diseases are critical research points with a marked potential impact on health. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs naturally and can be found in contaminated food. Kidneys are the most susceptible organ to heavy metal intoxication as it is the main route of waste excretion. The harmful effects of Cd were previously well proved. Cd induces inflammatory responses, oxidative injury, mitochondrial dysfunction and disturbs Ca2+ homeostasis. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a cellular transcription factor that regulates inflammation and controls the expression of many inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, great therapeutic benefits can be attained from NF-κB inhibition. In this review we focused on certain compounds including cytochalasin D, mangiferin, N-acetylcysteine, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, roflumilast, rosmarinic acid, sildenafil, sinapic acid, telmisartan and wogonin and certain plants as Astragalus Polysaccharide, Ginkgo Biloba and Thymus serrulatus that potently inhibit NF-κB and effectively counteracted Cd-associated renal intoxication. In conclusion, the proposed NF-κB involvement in Cd-renal intoxication clarified the underlined inflammation associated with Cd-nephropathy and the beneficial effects of NF-κB inhibitors that make them the potential to substantially optimize treatment protocols for Cd-renal intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Osama S Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt.
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Hou X, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Jin R, Yi B, Yang D, Ma L. Mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A on acute liver injury based on transcriptomics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:966759. [PMID: 36120318 PMCID: PMC9478418 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.966759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate how Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) effects acute liver injury (ALI) and what transcriptional regulatory mechanisms it may employ.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): Control, Model, HSYA-L, HSYA-M, and HSYA-H. In the control and model groups, rats were intraperitoneally injected with equivalent normal saline, while in the HSYA groups, they were also injected with different amounts of HSYA (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day) once daily for eight consecutive days. One hour following the last injection, the control group was injected into the abdominal cavity with 0.1 ml/100 g of peanut oil, and the other four groups got the same amount of a peanut oil solution containing 50% CCl4. Liver indexes were detected in rats after dissection, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) dyeing was utilized to determine HSYA’s impact on the liver of model rats. In addition, with RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered and validated. Furthermore, we detected the contents of anti-superoxide anion (anti-O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and verified three inflammatory genes (Icam1, Bcl2a1, and Ptgs2) in the NF-kB pathway by qRT-PCR.Results: Relative to the control and HSYA groups, in the model group, we found 1111 DEGs that were up-/down-regulated, six of these genes were verified by qRT-PCR, including Tymp, Fabp7, Serpina3c, Gpnmb, Il1r1, and Creld2, indicated that these genes were obviously involved in the regulation of HSYA in ALI model. Membrane rafts, membrane microdomains, inflammatory response, regulation of cytokine production, monooxygenase activity, and iron ion binding were significantly enriched in GO analysis. KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were primarily enriched for PPAR, retinol metabolism, NF-kB signaling pathways, etc. Last but not least, compared with the control group, the anti-O2− content was substantially decreased, the H2O2 content and inflammatory genes (Icam1, Bcl2a1, and Ptgs2) levels were considerably elevated in the model group. Compared with the model group, the anti-O2− content was substantially increased, the H2O2 content and inflammatory genes (Icam1, Bcl2a1, and Ptgs2) levels were substantially decreased in the HSYA group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: HSYA could improve liver function, inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation, and improve the degree of liver tissue damage. The RNA-Seq results further verified that HSYA has the typical characteristics of numerous targets and multiple pathway. Protecting the liver from damage by regulating the expression of Tymp, Fabp7, Serpina3c, Gpnmb, Il1r1, Creld2, and the PPAR, retinol metabolism, NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
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Red Palm Oil Ameliorates Oxidative Challenge and Inflammatory Responses Associated with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatic Injury by Modulating NF-κβ and Nrf2/GCL/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081629. [PMID: 36009348 PMCID: PMC9404920 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a well-conserved cell wall component of Gram positive bacteria, exerts its toxic effects via inducing oxidative and pro-inflammatory responses. Red palm oil (RPO) is a unique natural product with a balanced ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assess the protective effect and mechanistic action of RPO using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic injury model. Male Wistar rats were assigned into four groups (10 animals/group): normal control (NC), RPO, LPS and RPO + LPS. Animals in the RPO and RPO + LPS groups were administered RPO (200 μL/day) for 28 days. On the 27th day of experiment, animals in LPS and RPO + LPS groups were injected with LPS (0.5 mg/kg body weight). Animals were sacrificed 24 h later, and blood and liver tissues harvested for biochemical and molecular analysis. RPO resolved hepatic histological dysfunction induced by LPS, and lowered alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase activities in the serum. Hepatic malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and TNFα were significantly diminished (p < 0.05) by RPO pre-treatment. Activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, as well as glutathione redox status (GSH:GSSG), and markers of antioxidant capacity that decreased as a result of LPS injection were improved by RPO pre-treatment. Mechanistically, RPO up-regulated mRNA expression of redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 and its downstream targets GCL and HO-1, while also suppressing the expression of NFκβ and associated inflammatory protein, Iκβ kinase (IκKβ). In conclusion, this study highlights the ameliorating effects of RPO against LPS-induced hepatic injury and revealed the Nrf2/GCL/HO-1 and NFκβ signaling axis as potential contributing mechanisms.
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Kinetic Characteristics of Curcumin and Germacrone in Rat and Human Liver Microsomes: Involvement of CYP Enzymes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144482. [PMID: 35889364 PMCID: PMC9317718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin and germacrone, natural products present in the Zingiberaceae family of plants, have several biological properties. Among these properties, the anti-NSCLC cancer action is noteworthy. In this paper, kinetics of the two compounds in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), human liver microsomes (HLMs), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP3A4, 1A2, 2E1, and 2C19) in an NADPH-generating system in vitro were evaluated by UP-HPLC–MS/MS (ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry). The contents of four cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, adjusting by the compounds were detected using Western blotting in vitro and in vivo. The t1/2 of curcumin was 22.35 min in RLMs and 173.28 min in HLMs, while 18.02 and 16.37 min were gained for germacrone. The Vmax of curcumin in RLMs was about 4-fold in HLMs, meanwhile, the Vmax of germacrone in RLMs was similar to that of HLMs. The single enzyme t1/2 of curcumin was 38.51 min in CYP3A4, 301.4 min in 1A2, 69.31 min in 2E1, 63.01 min in 2C19; besides, as to the same enzymes, t1/2 of germacrone was 36.48 min, 86.64 min, 69.31 min, and 57.76 min. The dynamic curves were obtained by reasonable experimental design and the metabolism of curcumin and germacrone were selected in RLMs/HLMs. The selectivities in the two liver microsomes differed in degradation performance. These results meant that we should pay more attention to drugs in clinical medication–drug and drug–enzyme interactions.
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Nano-Curcumin Prevents Copper Reproductive Toxicity by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Improving Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling and Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Male Rats. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070356. [PMID: 35878260 PMCID: PMC9316697 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Copper is essential for several cellular processes and is an important catalytic factor for many proteins. However, excess copper can provoke oxidative stress and reproductive toxicity. This study evaluated the effect of liposomal nano-curcumin (N-CUR) and CUR on testicular oxidative injury, inflammation, and apoptosis, and altered steroidogenesis and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling induced by copper sulfate (CuSO4). Rats received CuSO4 and N-CUR or CUR via oral gavage for 7 days. CuSO4 induced histopathological changes and altered pituitary-gonadal axis manifested by decreased serum gonadotropins and testosterone. Testicular steroidogenesis genes (StAR, 3β-HSD, CYP17A1, and 17β-HSD) and androgen receptor (AR) were downregulated in rats that received CuSO4. N-CUR and CUR prevented testicular tissue injury, increased circulating FSH, LH, and testosterone, and upregulated testicular steroidogenesis genes and AR. Additionally, N-CUR and CUR decreased testicular MDA, NO, NF-κB, iNOS, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 while enhanced Bcl-2, Nrf2, and the antioxidants GSH, HO-1, SOD, and catalase. In conclusion, N-CUR and CUR prevented CuSO4-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats by suppressing oxidative injury and inflammatory response and boosting steroidogenesis, sex hormones, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. N-CUR was more effective in ameliorating tissue injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and enhancing steroidogenesis and Nrf2/HO-1 than the native form.
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Roshanravan N, Koche Ghazi MK, Ghaffari S, Naemi M, Alamdari NM, Shabestari AN, Mosharkesh E, Soleimanzadeh H, Sadeghi MT, Alipour S, Bastani S, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1528-1537. [PMID: 35365371 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the arterial wall is the main leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Caspase-dependent pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Selenium (Se) is an important component of the antioxidant defense and plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes, and biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients with atherosclerosis were recruited. Participants received 200 μg/day of sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast, or placebo for 8 following weeks. The pyroptosis-related genes' mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed before and after the intervention. Also, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione peroxidases (GPX) were measured at baseline and following the intervention. Following sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation, the relative expression levels of TLR4, ASC, NLRP3, and NF-κB1 were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the changes in GPX were significantly increased after selenite and yeast supplementation (p < 0.05). Also, selenite and yeast consumption caused a statistically significant decrease in the change of MDA level (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In summary, these findings showed that Se supplementation may reduce inflammation through down-regulation of some pro-inflammatory genes, improving antioxidant defenses in atherosclerosis patients. Further research is required to come to a definite conclusion of selenium supplementation on the CVD risk. This study was registered on the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website (identifier: RCT20110123005670N28; https://www.irct.ir/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Khabbaz Koche Ghazi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naemi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Namazi Shabestari
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Mosharkesh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Soleimanzadeh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shahriar Alipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sepideh Bastani
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Xu L, Lu Y, Wang N, Feng Y. The Role and Mechanisms of Selenium Supplementation on Fatty Liver-Associated Disorder. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050922. [PMID: 35624786 PMCID: PMC9137657 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent chronic liver disease without effective therapy. Selenium, as an essential trace element for humans, is notable for its antioxidant properties. The previous study shows that selenium levels in NAFLD patients are lower than normal ones. Selenium supplementation can effectively alleviate metabolic disorders by relieving anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory regulation. However, the correlation between selenium and NAFLD has not been fully clarified. Herein, we review the current studies on selenium in regulating the different stages of NAFLD and summarize relevant clinical trials to highlight the potential roles of selenium in NAFLD treatment.
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Tang X, Xiong K, Wassie T, Wu X. Curcumin and Intestinal Oxidative Stress of Pigs With Intrauterine Growth Retardation: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847673. [PMID: 35571913 PMCID: PMC9101057 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to the slow growth and development of a mammalian embryo/fetus or fetal organs during pregnancy, which is popular in swine production and causes considerable economic losses. Nutritional strategies have been reported to improve the health status and growth performance of IUGR piglets, among which dietary curcumin supplementation is an efficient alternative. Curcumin is a natural lipophilic polyphenol derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa with many biological activities. It has been demonstrated that curcumin promotes intestinal development and alleviates intestinal oxidative damage. However, due to its low bioavailability caused by poor solubility, chemical instability, and rapid degradation, the application of curcumin in animal production is rare. In this manuscript, the structural-activity relationship to enhance the bioavailability, and the nutritional effects of curcumin on intestinal health from the aspect of protecting piglets from IUGR associated intestinal oxidative damage were summarized to provide new insight into the application of curcumin in animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Kangning Xiong,
| | - Teketay Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- Laboratory of Nutrient Resources and Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Xin Wu,
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Acetyl-11-Keto- β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Cytotoxicity on H9C2 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2620710. [PMID: 35399644 PMCID: PMC8986374 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2620710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), the major component of Boswellia serrata, exhibits anti-inflammatory activities. This in vitro study investigated the protective effects of AKBA against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac dysfunction. In this study, the H9C2 cardiomyocytes were pretreated with AKBA (2.5, 5, and 10 μM for 24 h), and then cotreated with LPS for another 24 h. The MTT assay, ELISA test kits, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis assessed the cell viability, levels of proinflammatory factors (IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, and PGE2), and the gene expression of IL-β, IL-6, TNF- α, iNOS, and COX-2, respectively. The nitric oxide (NO) and thiol levels were also measured using a biochemical assay. The results indicated that LPS exposure markedly reduced cell viability and total thiol content, but increased the inflammatory cytokines, NO metabolites, and gene expression of proinflammatory mediators in H9C2 cells. AKBA pretreatment significantly altered the mentioned factors induced by LPS. Our results demonstrated that AKBA might be a promising therapeutic agent for treating sepsis-related cardiac dysfunction in the future.
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Izak-Shirian F, Najafi-Asl M, Azami B, Heidarian E, Najafi M, Khaledi M, Nouri A. Quercetin exerts an ameliorative effect in the rat model of diclofenac-induced renal injury through mitigation of inflammatory response and modulation of oxidative stress. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221086530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac (DIC) is administrated to treat pain, inflammatory disorders, and dysmenorrhea but kidney problems are the main worries of the agent. The literature has revealed that quercetin (QR) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant attributes. This study aims to highlight the possible nephroprotective effects of QR on DIC-exposed rats. In this study, the animals after exposure to DIC (50 mg/kg, i.p) were administrated to QR (100 mg/kg, p.o). Then, the levels, as well as the activity of several oxidant and anti-oxidant mediators, were evaluated. Our results showed that DIC treatment was coupled with the elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and some pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, NF-κB, and IL-1β, suggesting that probably this agent exert its toxicity in the kidney tissue through inducing both oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, QR was successful in restoring the activity of antioxidant compounds such as GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT in the kidney tissue of DIC-treated rats. Moreover, in the presence of QR, DIC was unable to increase the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that perhaps QR might have anti-inflammatory properties. In agreement with this, the results of the histopathological evaluation also showed that while DIC increased the lymphocyte infiltration into the kidney tissue, QR reduced the number of lymphocytes in DIC-treated rats. The results revealed that QR exerted a supportive effect against diclofenac-induced renal injury in male rats through modulation of oxidative stress and mitigation of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Izak-Shirian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Najafi-Asl
- Department of Phathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Behzad Azami
- School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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26
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Xie SZ, Zhai XY, Xi SY, Qiu YK, Zhang YM, Kong XJ, Li YH, Zhu L, Wang Z, Zhang SG, Huang SQ, Lu DW, Wang Z. The Protective Effects of Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. Against Acute Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:764282. [PMID: 34899319 PMCID: PMC8651617 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. (ZDP) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for several decades to treat patients with liver diseases. Whether ZDP is best administered as a single agent or adjunctive therapy has yet to be determined as does the mechanism whereby it exerts its effects on antagonizing acute liver injury (ALI). Aim of the study: To investigate the protective effects of ZDP on ALI induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and the potential underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Sixty adult mice were randomized into six study groups (n = 10/group). Three groups were treated with different concentrations of ZDP (2.5, 1.25, 0.625 g/kg), one with bifendate (0.0075 g/kg) alone (positive control) and one with physiologic saline (normal, negative control). All groups were treated for 14 days. Two hours after the last administration, the normal group received an intraperitoneal injection of peanut oil, and the other five groups received an intraperitoneal injection of an equal dose of CCl4 peanut oil solution. At 24 h, the liver index, histology and serum or tissue levels and/or protein expression of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκB-α), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), E-cadherin and vimentin were determined. Results: Compared to the model controls, the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatocyte injury of liver tissue was relieved in the bifendate and three ZDP groups; liver index in the ZDP (2.5, 1.25 g/kg) groups and serum liver function indices in the ZDP (2.5, 1.25 and 0.625 g/kg) groups were decreased; antioxidants SOD, CAT and GSH in liver tissue were increased but the lipid peroxidation index MDA was decreased; protein expression of inflammatory cytokines Akt, p-Akt, NF-κB p65, IκB-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver was ameliorated, and E-cadherin expression was increased. The results of liver histopathology also showed that ZDP had a significant effect on ALI. Conclusion: ZDP has obvious protective effects on CCl4-induced ALI as a single therapy and appears to act by inhibiting oxidation, reducing the release of inflammatory factors and promoting hepatocyte repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Zhi Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying-Kun Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Mei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Kong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun-Hong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan-Gang Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu-Qiong Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Da-Wei Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Jiao L, He Z, Wang S, Sun C, Xu S. miR-130-CYLD Axis Is Involved in the Necroptosis and Inflammation Induced by Selenium Deficiency in Pig Cerebellum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4604-4613. [PMID: 34331175 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in creatures which deficiency can cause necroptosis and inflammation of multiple tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to participate multiple biological processes by regulating the expression of target genes. In the present study, the Se-deficient pig cerebellar model was established and conducted by light microscopy, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. Morphological observation exhibited necrosis-like lesions and inflammatory infiltration in the cerebellum of the Se-deficient group. Quantitative analysis result showed that Se deficiency significantly suppressed miR-130 expression, which in turn disinhibited the expression of CYLD. Meanwhile, in comparison to the control group, the expression levels of TNF-α pathway genes (TNF-α, TNFR1, and NF-κB p65) and necroptosis-related genes (RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL) in Se deficiency group were obviously increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, Se deficiency induced the occurrence of inflammation by upregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, IFN-γ, COX-2, PTGEs, and NLRP3). In conclusion, we proved Se deficiency could induce the deregulation of miR-130-CYLD axis to cause RIPK3-dependent necroptosis and inflammation in pig cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfei Jiao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichan He
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Abd El-Hameed NM, Abd El-Aleem SA, Khattab MA, Ali AH, Mohammed HH. Curcumin activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2): Prophylactic and therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Life Sci 2021; 285:119983. [PMID: 34599938 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Modern dietary habits have been associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Curcumin is a natural herbal found to suppress cellular oxidative states and could be beneficial in NASH. This study investigates the effect of curcumin in an animal model of NASH. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty rats were allocated into five groups. Control, High Fat Diet (HFD), curcumin prophylactic (CP) and therapeutic (CT) groups. HFD regimen was given for 16 weeks. Curcumin was given along with HFD (prophylactic) or after establishment of the model for two weeks (therapeutic). Livers and blood samples were harvested for histological, biochemical, and molecular studies. KEY FINDINGS Livers from HFD groups showed vascular, inflammatory, cellular degenerative and fibrotic changes. The hepatic damage was reflected by the increased serum liver enzymes. HFD groups showed excessive fibrotic change. Interestingly, curcumin administration as prophylactic or therapeutic significantly preserved and/or restored liver structure. This was evidenced by the normalization of the liver enzymes, preservation and/or reversibility of cellular changes and the decrease of the stage of fibrosis. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 gene (Nrf2) expression showed no changes in the HFD groups, however it showed upregulation in curcumin treated groups. Thus, the protective and therapeutic effect of curcumin could be induced through upregulation of the Nrf2 gene. Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers. SIGNIFICANCE Curcumin has a beneficial prophylactic and therapeutic effect that could hinder the development and/or treat NASH in susceptible livers.
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Sathishkumar P, Mohan K, Meena RAA, Balasubramanian M, Chitra L, Ganesan AR, Palvannan T, Brar SK, Gu FL. Hazardous impact of diclofenac on mammalian system: Mitigation strategy through green remediation approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126135. [PMID: 34157463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac is an anti-inflammatory drug used as an analgesic. It is often detected in various environmental sources around the world and is considered as one of the emerging contaminants (ECs). This paper reviews the distribution of diclofenac at high concentrations in diverse environments and its adverse ecological impact. Recent studies observed strong evidence of the hazardous effect of diclofenac on mammals, including humans. Diclofenac could cause gastrointestinal complications, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hematotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenicity, bone fractures, and skin allergy in mammals even at a low concentration. Collectively, this comprehensive review relates the mode of toxicity, level of exposure, and route of administration as a unique approach for addressing the destructive consequence of diclofenac in mammalian systems. Finally, the mitigation strategy to eradicate the diclofenac toxicity through green remediation is critically discussed. This review will undoubtedly shed light on the toxic effects of pseudo-persistent diclofenac on mammals as well as frame stringent guidelines against its common usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Sathishkumar
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India
| | | | - Murugesan Balasubramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Loganathan Chitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- Group of Fermentation and Distillation, Laimburg Research Center, Vadena (BZ), Italy
| | | | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Curcumin and Nano-Curcumin Mitigate Copper Neurotoxicity by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Akt/GSK-3β Signaling. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185591. [PMID: 34577062 PMCID: PMC8467357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is essential for multiple biochemical processes, and copper sulphate (CuSO4) is a pesticide used for repelling pests. Accidental or intentional intoxication can induce multiorgan toxicity and could be fatal. Curcumin (CUR) is a potent antioxidant, but its poor systemic bioavailability is the main drawback in its therapeutic uses. This study investigated the protective effect of CUR and N-CUR on CuSO4-induced cerebral oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats, pointing to the possible involvement of Akt/GSK-3β. Rats received 100 mg/kg CuSO4 and were concurrently treated with CUR or N-CUR for 7 days. Cu-administered rats exhibited a remarkable increase in cerebral malondialdehyde (MDA), NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and IL-6 associated with decreased GSH, SOD, and catalase. Cu provoked DNA fragmentation, upregulated BAX, caspase-3, and p53, and decreased BCL-2 in the brain of rats. N-CUR and CUR ameliorated MDA, NF-κB p65, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, downregulated pro-apoptotic genes, upregulated BCL-2, and enhanced antioxidants and DNA integrity. In addition, both N-CUR and CUR increased AKT Ser473 and GSK-3β Ser9 phosphorylation in the brain of Cu-administered rats. In conclusion, N-CUR and CUR prevent Cu neurotoxicity by attenuating oxidative injury, inflammatory response, and apoptosis and upregulating AKT/GSK-3β signaling. The neuroprotective effect of N-CUR was more potent than CUR.
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Nano-Curcumin Prevents Cardiac Injury, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Modulates TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK Signaling in Copper Sulfate-Intoxicated Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091414. [PMID: 34573046 PMCID: PMC8469340 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is essential for a plethora of biological processes; however, its high redox reactivity renders it potentially toxic. This study investigated the protective effect of curcumin (CUR) and nano-CUR (N-CUR) against Cu cardiotoxicity, emphasizing the role of oxidative stress, TLR4/NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and cell death in rats. Rats received 100 mg/kg copper sulfate (CuSO4), a pesticide used for repelling pests, and were concurrently treated with CUR or N-CUR for 7 days. Cu caused cardiac injury manifested by elevated serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK)-MB, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as histopathological alterations. Cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA), NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and IL-6 were increased, and reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were decreased in Cu-treated rats. CUR and N-CUR prevented cardiac tissue injury, decreased serum cTnI, CK-MB, and LDH, and cardiac MDA, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and IL-6, and enhanced cellular antioxidants. CUR and N-CUR downregulated TLR4 and AP-1, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK1/2. In addition, CUR and N-CUR increased cardiac Bcl-2 and BAG-1, decreased Bax and caspase-3, and prevented DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, N-CUR prevents Cu cardiotoxicity by attenuating oxidative injury, inflammatory response, and apoptosis, and modulating TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling. The cardioprotective effect of N-CUR was more potent than the native form.
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Saikiran G, Mitra P, Sharma S, Kumar PK, Sharma P. Selenium, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in handicraft workers occupationally exposed to lead. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:561-567. [PMID: 34423749 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1968780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Occupational Lead (Pb) exposure increases reactive oxygen species and has been reported to impact inflammatory response by modulating intracellular signaling pathways. Selenium (Se) a vital component of the antioxidant system that plays an important role in modulating cytokines. The present study evaluated Se, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17a) in 81 Pb exposed male workers. The median (range) of blood lead level (BLL) and Se were 5 (0.50-31.76) µg/dL and 104 (46.9-189.6) µg/L respectively. The Se, TAC levels were decreased, and MDA, IL-6 levels were increased in the high Pb group (>5μg/dL). Blood lead level independently predicted oxidative stress and antioxidant status. Selenium, TAC levels negatively and MDA, IL-6 levels positively correlated with BLL. Association of Se with IL-6 and TAC suggests some probable role of Se in the underlined mechanism of Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangam Saikiran
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shailja Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pvsn Kiran Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Barcelos RP, Lima FD, Courtes AA, da Silva IK, Vargas JE, Royes LFF, Trindade C, González-Gallego J, Soares FAA. Diclofenac Administration after Physical Training Blunts Adaptations of Peripheral Systems and Leads to Losses in Exercise Performance: In Vivo and In Silico Analyses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081246. [PMID: 34439494 PMCID: PMC8389246 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recovery in athletes is hampered by soreness and fatigue. Consequently, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used as an effective strategy to maintain high performance. However, impact of these drugs on adaptations induced by training remains unknown. This study assessed the effects of diclofenac administration (10 mg/kg/day) on rats subjected to an exhaustive test, after six weeks of swimming training. Over the course of 10 days, three repeated swimming bouts were performed, and diclofenac or saline were administered once a day. Trained animals exhibited higher muscle citrate synthase and lower plasma creatinine kinase activities as compared to sedentary animals, wherein diclofenac had no impact. Training increased time to exhaustion, however, diclofenac blunted this effect. It also impaired the increase in plasma and liver interleukin-6 levels. The trained group exhibited augmented catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, and a higher ratio of reduced-to-oxidized glutathione in the liver. However, diclofenac treatment blunted all these effects. Systems biology analysis revealed a close relationship between diclofenac and liver catalase. These results confirmed that regular exercise induces inflammation and oxidative stress, which are crucial for tissue adaptations. Altogether, diclofenac treatment might be helpful in preventing pain and inflammation, but its use severely affects performance and tissue adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Pillon Barcelos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (A.A.C.); (I.K.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação (PPGBioexp), Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, Passo Fundo 99052-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.P.B.); (C.T.)
| | - Frederico Diniz Lima
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.D.L.); (L.F.F.R.)
| | - Aline Alves Courtes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (A.A.C.); (I.K.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
| | - Ingrid Kich da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (A.A.C.); (I.K.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
| | - Jose Eduardo Vargas
- Laborátorio de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo 99052-900, Brazil;
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.D.L.); (L.F.F.R.)
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
- Correspondence: (R.P.B.); (C.T.)
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (A.A.C.); (I.K.d.S.); (F.A.A.S.)
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Ibrahim SAT, Eltahawy NF, Abdalla AM, Khalaf HM. Protective effects of selenium in tacrolimus-induced lung toxicity: potential role of heme oxygenase 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:1069-1078. [PMID: 33887167 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of selenium (Sel) administration against tacrolimus (Tac) - induced lung toxicity and to assess the relation between heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and these effects. The study was conducted on 36 Wistar male albino rats equally divided into four groups: (i) normal control; (ii) Sel (0.1 mg/kg per day p.o. for four weeks); (iii) TAC 3 mg/mL as single oral dose on 27th day; and (iv) Tac + Sel. Lung tissues, lung homogenate, and bronchoalveolar lavage of the sacrificed animals were investigated biochemically and histopathologically, by immunohistochemistry or by PCR. The Tac group showed significantly lower expression of HO-1. Administration of Sel was associated with increased HO-1 expression. Oxidative (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, and glutathione peroxidase activity) and nitrosative stress (nitric oxide) markers and markers of inflammation (interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-10) showed changes corresponding to HO-1 levels in rat groups. Tac group showed the highest expression of caspase-3. Sel exerted a protective role against Tac-induced lung toxicity.
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Li S, Wang X, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Wan Y, Li X, Li Q, Tang X, Cai D, Ran B, Wu C. Curcumin ameliorates mercuric chloride-induced liver injury via modulating cytochrome P450 signaling and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111426. [PMID: 33096358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental mercury is a concern for coastal ecosystem health, and exerts adverse effects on human health. Despite the growing body of evidence showing the hepatoprotective roles of curcumin on mercury, the knowledge between the macroscopic descriptions and the actual mechanism(s) underlying these processes is getting larger remains elusive. Herein, mice received single injection of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) (5 mg/kg body weight) and/or curcumin (50 mg/kg, body weight, p.o.). Firstly, the results showed curcumin could decline HgCl2-induced up-regulated the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Additionally, we also found that curcumin could suppress inflammatory damage, unbalance of trace elements (including sodium, magnesium, kalium, calcium overload), oxidative burst induced by HgCl2, which could be associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) signaling. Secondly, we found that curcumin could prevent HgCl2-induced cell death both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, curcumin significantly increased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and consequently upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) under HgCl2 treatment. Meanwhile, inhibition of HO-1 by zinc protoporphyria could abolish the cytoprotective effects of curcumin in HgCl2-treated L02 hepatocytes. In conclusion, our data identify that curcumin could enhance Nrf2-mediated HO-1 to upregulate antioxidant ability, which might be associate with CYP450 signaling to suppress liver damage induced by HgCl2. The present study further enriches and perfects the mechanism theory of HgCl2 toxicity and suggest that the CYP450 signaling and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is important in shedding light on curcumin's hepatoprotective effects in HgCl2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiali Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yewei Xiao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Ying Wan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xinlian Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Daihong Cai
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Bing Ran
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China.
| | - Chunling Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Esmaeilzadeh M, Heidarian E, Shaghaghi M, Roshanmehr H, Najafi M, Moradi A, Nouri A. Gallic acid mitigates diclofenac-induced liver toxicity by modulating oxidative stress and suppressing IL-1β gene expression in male rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:590-596. [PMID: 32633182 PMCID: PMC7470116 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1777169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diclofenac (DIC) is an NSAID and consumption of this drug creates side effects such as liver injury. Gallic acid (GA), a natural component of many plants, is used as an antioxidant agent. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the hepatoprotective effects of GA in the rat model of DIC-induced liver toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, the male Wistar rats were separated into five groups (n = 6). Group 1, control, received normal saline (1 mL/kg bw, i.p.); Group 2 received DIC-only (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.); Groups 3, received DIC (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) plus silymarin (100 mg/kg bw, po), groups 4 and 5 received DIC (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) plus GA (50 and 100 mg/kg, po, respectively). RESULTS The data demonstrated that the liver levels of the GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT significantly reduced and the levels of the serum protein carbonyl, AST, ALP, ALT, total bilirubin, MDA, serum IL-1β, and the liver IL-1β gene expression were remarkably increased in the second group compared to control group. On the other hand, treatment with GA led to a significant elevation in GSH, GPx, SOD, CAT, and a significant decrease in protein carbonyl, AST, ALP, ALT, total bilirubin, MDA, serum IL-1β, and gene expression of IL-1β in comparison with the second group. Histological changes were also ameliorated by GA oral administration. Discussion and Conclusions: The data show that the oral administration of GA could alleviate the noxious effects of DIC on the antioxidant defense system and liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shaghaghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Tehran Payamenoor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoshang Roshanmehr
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- CONTACT Ali Nouri , Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Polychemotherapy with Curcumin and Doxorubicin via Biological Nanoplatforms: Enhancing Antitumor Activity. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111084. [PMID: 33187385 PMCID: PMC7697177 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent extensively applied in the field of cancer therapy. However, similar to other chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, paclitaxel, docetaxel, etoposide and oxaliplatin, cancer cells are able to obtain chemoresistance that limits DOX efficacy. In respect to dose-dependent side effect of DOX, enhancing its dosage is not recommended for effective cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, different strategies have been considered for reversing DOX resistance and diminishing its side effects. Phytochemical are potential candidates in this case due to their great pharmacological activities. Curcumin is a potential antitumor phytochemical isolated from Curcuma longa with capacity of suppressing cancer metastasis and proliferation and affecting molecular pathways. Experiments have demonstrated the potential of curcumin for inhibiting chemoresistance by downregulating oncogene pathways such as MMP-2, TGF-β, EMT, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and AP-1. Furthermore, coadministration of curcumin and DOX potentiates apoptosis induction in cancer cells. In light of this, nanoplatforms have been employed for codelivery of curcumin and DOX. This results in promoting the bioavailability and internalization of the aforementioned active compounds in cancer cells and, consequently, enhancing their antitumor activity. Noteworthy, curcumin has been applied for reducing adverse effects of DOX on normal cells and tissues via reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. The current review highlights the anticancer mechanism, side effects and codelivery of curcumin and DOX via nanovehicles.
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Huang H, Li X, Wang Z, Lin X, Tian Y, Zhao Q, Zheng P. Anti-inflammatory effect of selenium on lead-induced testicular inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in chickens. Theriogenology 2020; 155:139-149. [PMID: 32673849 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a deleterious environmental pollutant that is toxic to testes. Selenium (Se) possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin-domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in inflammatory response. However, the function of NLRP3 inflammasome in antagonistic effect of Se on inflammation caused by Pb remains unknown. The purpose of this research is to identify anti-inflammatory role of Se on testicular toxicity induced by Pb with an emphasis on oxidative stress, inflammation and NLRP3 signaling pathway in chicken. In present study, sixty seven-day-old Hyline male chickens were assigned into four groups. The feeding program consisted of a commercial diet (0.49 mg/kg Se), a Se-supplemented diet (1 mg/kg Se), a Pb-supplemented diet (0.49 mg/kg Se and 350 mg/kg Pb) and a Se-supplemented and Pb-supplemented diet (1 mg/kg Se and 350 mg/kg Pb), respectively. On the 12th week, blood was collected to measure serum testosterone level and testicular tissues were removed to determine Se and Pb concentrations, testicular function, histological structure, oxidative stress indicators and inflammation-related factors (Nuclear factor-kappaB, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, caspase-1, interluekin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and interferon-γ). The experimental results showed that after Pb administration, testicular injury was confirmed via histological assessment; testicular dysfunction were further indicated by decreased testosterone level and mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Moreover, NLRP3 signaling pathway activated by Pb-caused oxidative stress was up-regulated accompanied by promotion in reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase and malondialdehyde and reduction in antioxidants including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione s-transferase. Se administration ameliorated testicular tissue injury, testicular function, oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, Se exhibited antagonistic role in Pb-induced testicular injury via enhancing antioxidant system and inhibiting inflammation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaguang Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Curcumin Prevents Cyclophosphamide-Induced Lung Injury in Rats by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has been used since ancient times to treat several ailments as it possesses many pharmacological activities. This study intended to explore the mechanism underlying the protective effects of CUR in remodeling oxidative stress and apoptotic signals in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced pulmonary injury in albino rats. CUR was administered at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day for 7 days and on the seventh day a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg) was given. Histopathological and ultrastructural examinations of CP-intoxicated rats showed complete alveolar obstruction, thickened inter-alveolar septa, enlarged blood vessels, severe inflammatory edema with pyknotic nuclei, and disappearance of cytoplasmic organelles. Significant increases in caspase-3, malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl (PCO) and significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were observed. In contrast, rats that received CUR showed clear and empty lumina with single row of pneumocytes, disappearance of edema, and no interstitial electron dense bodies in rats’ lung tissues. Additionally, CUR significantly reduced caspase-3, MDA, and PCO and increased SOD and GPx. In conclusion, these findings revealed the protective effects of CUR against CP-induced pulmonary injury in rats through suppressing oxidative damage and apoptosis.
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Weiskirchen R, Meurer SK, Liedtke C, Huber M. Mast Cells in Liver Fibrogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:E1429. [PMID: 31766207 PMCID: PMC6912398 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are present in the connective tissue throughout the body and in mucosa tissue. They originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and circulate as MC progenitors in the blood. After migration to various tissues, they differentiate into their mature form, which is characterized by a phenotype containing large granules enriched in a variety of bioactive compounds, including histamine and heparin. These cells can be activated in a receptor-dependent and -independent manner. Particularly, the activation of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, also known as FcεRI, that is expressed on the surface of MCs provoke specific signaling cascades that leads to intracellular calcium influx, activation of different transcription factors, degranulation, and cytokine production. Therefore, MCs modulate many aspects in physiological and pathological conditions, including wound healing, defense against pathogens, immune tolerance, allergy, anaphylaxis, autoimmune defects, inflammation, and infectious and other disorders. In the liver, MCs are mainly associated with connective tissue located in the surrounding of the hepatic arteries, veins, and bile ducts. Recent work has demonstrated a significant increase in MC number during hepatic injury, suggesting an important role of these cells in liver disease and progression. In the present review, we summarize aspects of MC function and mediators in experimental liver injury, their interaction with other hepatic cell types, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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