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Coutinho LL, Femino EL, Gonzalez AL, Moffat RL, Heinz WF, Cheng RYS, Lockett SJ, Rangel MC, Ridnour LA, Wink DA. NOS2 and COX-2 Co-Expression Promotes Cancer Progression: A Potential Target for Developing Agents to Prevent or Treat Highly Aggressive Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6103. [PMID: 38892290 PMCID: PMC11173351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) exert profound biological impacts dictated by their chemistry. Understanding their spatial distribution is essential for deciphering their roles in diverse biological processes. This review establishes a framework for the chemical biology of NO and RNS, exploring their dynamic reactions within the context of cancer. Concentration-dependent signaling reveals distinctive processes in cancer, with three levels of NO influencing oncogenic properties. In this context, NO plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and immune suppression. Increased NOS2 expression correlates with poor survival across different tumors, including breast cancer. Additionally, NOS2 can crosstalk with the proinflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to promote cancer progression. NOS2 and COX-2 co-expression establishes a positive feed-forward loop, driving immunosuppression and metastasis in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer. Spatial evaluation of NOS2 and COX-2 reveals orthogonal expression, suggesting the unique roles of these niches in the tumor microenvironment (TME). NOS2 and COX2 niche formation requires IFN-γ and cytokine-releasing cells. These niches contribute to poor clinical outcomes, emphasizing their role in cancer progression. Strategies to target these markers include direct inhibition, involving pan-inhibitors and selective inhibitors, as well as indirect approaches targeting their induction or downstream effectors. Compounds from cruciferous vegetables are potential candidates for NOS2 and COX-2 inhibition offering therapeutic applications. Thus, understanding the chemical biology of NO and RNS, their spatial distribution, and their implications in cancer progression provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapies and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro L. Coutinho
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Elise L. Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Ana L. Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Rebecca L. Moffat
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Office of Science and Technology Resources, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - William F. Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Robert Y. S. Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Stephen J. Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - M. Cristina Rangel
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Lisa A. Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - David A. Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
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Liu H, Wang H, Li Q, Wang Y, He Y, Li X, Sun C, Ergonul O, Can F, Pang Z, Zhang B, Hu Y. LPS adsorption and inflammation alleviation by polymyxin B-modified liposomes for atherosclerosis treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3817-3833. [PMID: 37719368 PMCID: PMC10501887 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level in the circulation system is elevated in AS patients and animal models, which is correlated with the severity of AS. Inspired by the underlying mechanism that LPS could drive the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, aggravate inflammation, and ultimately contribute to the exacerbation of AS, LPS in the circulation system was supposed to be the therapeutic target for AS treatment. In the present study, polymyxin (PMB) covalently conjugated to PEGylated liposomes (PLPs) were formulated to adsorb LPS through specific interactions between PMB and LPS. In vitro, the experiments demonstrated that PLPs could adsorb LPS, reduce the polarization of macrophages to M1 phenotype and inhibit the formation of foam cells. In vivo, the study revealed that PLPs treatment reduced the serum levels of LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the proportion of M1-type macrophages in AS plaque, stabilized AS plaque, and downsized the plaque burdens in arteries, which eventually attenuated the progression of AS. Our study highlighted LPS in the circulation system as the therapeutic target for AS and provided an alternative strategy for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Honglan Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Onder Ergonul
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Füsun Can
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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3
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Beneficial Effects of Sulforaphane-Yielding Broccoli Sprout on Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp-129402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Cruciferous vegetables are complementary dietary therapies for disease prevention and health promotion. Sulforaphane-yielding broccoli sprouts are gaining popularity in managing cardiometabolic diseases. Objectives: Given the increasing prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases worldwide, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to study the cardiometabolic implications of broccoli sprout supplementation within the literature. Methods: Eligible literature was retrieved through Pubmed and Scopus up to June 2022. Results: Ten clinical trials investigating broccoli sprout supplementation and cardiometabolic health among human subjects were extracted for meta-analysis. The earliest study was published in 2004, and the most recent was released in 2019. Seven studies included control groups for valid comparison. Overall, the dietary intake of broccoli sprouts significantly reduced systolic (-10.9 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -17.0, -4.86) and diastolic (-6.95 mmHg; 95% CI: -10.6, -3.28) blood pressures. Marginally significant changes were also detected in blood lipid biomarkers compared to the baseline. Conclusions: Our results confirm the hypotensive properties of broccoli sprout and highlight the potential sulforaphane-dependent effects of this vegetable.
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He C, Gao M, Zhang X, Lei P, Yang H, Qing Y, Zhang L. The Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Depends on Gut Microbial and Nrf2-Related Mechanism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:893344. [PMID: 35832050 PMCID: PMC9271993 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate present in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and brussels sprouts, has a variety of biological functions. This study was undertaken to assess the potential efficacy of SFN in ameliorating dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. UC was induced in mice with administration of 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with Mesalazine (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) and various doses of SFN (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight). In DSS colitis mice, the hallmarks of disease observed as shortened colon lengths, increased disease activity index (DAI) scores and pathological damage, higher proinflammatory cytokines and decreased expression of tight junction proteins, were alleviated by SFN treatment. SFN also partially restored the perturbed gut microbiota composition and increased production of volatile fatty acids (especially caproic acid) induced by DSS administration. The heatmap correlation analysis indicated that Lactobacillus johnsonii, Bacteroides acidifaciens, unclassified Rikenellaceae RC9, and unclassified Bacteroides were significantly correlated with disease severity. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), and Phase II enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) were involved in the protective effect of SFN against DSS-induced colitis. This study's findings suggest that SFN may serve as a therapeutic agent protecting against UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxia He
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Mingfei Gao
- Institute of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haitao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Mingzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanping Qing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Yanping Qing
| | - Lina Zhang
- Institute of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Lina Zhang
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5
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Zhao Y, Yang S, Wu M. Mechanism of Improving Aspirin Resistance: Blood-Activating Herbs Combined With Aspirin in Treating Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794417. [PMID: 34975490 PMCID: PMC8718695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic thrombotic disease continues to maintain a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide at present. Aspirin, which is reckoned as the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs), has been applied in clinics extensively. However, cardiovascular events continue to occur even though people utilize aspirin appropriately. Therefore, the concept of aspirin resistance (AR) was put forward by scholars, which is of great significance for the prediction of the clinical outcome of diseases. The pathogenesis of AR may be incorporated with low patient compliance, insufficient dose, genetic polymorphism, increased platelet transformation, inflammation, and the degenerative changes and calcification of platelets. The improvement of AR in the treatment of ASCVDs has gradually become a research hot spot in recent years. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regards individuals as a whole and treats them from a holistic view, which has been found to have advantages in clinical studies on the treatment of AR. Many kinds of blood-activating TCM have the effect of improving AR. The potential mechanism for the improvement of AR by blood-activating herbs combined with aspirin was explored. The combination of blood-activating herbs and aspirin to improve AR is likely to turn into a hot topic of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Zhao
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Sharifi-Rad J, Quispe C, Zam W, Kumar M, Cardoso SM, Pereira OR, Ademiluyi AO, Adeleke O, Moreira AC, Živković J, Noriega F, Ayatollahi SA, Kobarfard F, Faizi M, Martorell M, Cruz-Martins N, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV, Alshehri MM, Cho WC. Phenolic Bioactives as Antiplatelet Aggregation Factors: The Pivotal Ingredients in Maintaining Cardiovascular Health. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2195902. [PMID: 34447485 PMCID: PMC8384526 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2195902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. The development of these diseases has a specific factor-alteration in blood platelet activation. It has been shown that phenolic compounds have antiplatelet aggregation abilities and a positive impact in the management of CVD, exerting prominent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, cardioprotective, antihyperglycemic, and antimicrobial effects. Thus, this review is intended to address the antiplatelet activity of phenolic compounds with special emphasis in preventing CVD, along with the mechanisms of action through which they are able to prevent and treat CVD. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown beneficial effects of phenolic compound-rich plant extracts and isolated compounds against CVD, despite that the scientific literature available on the antiplatelet aggregation ability of phenolic compounds in vivo is scarce. Thus, despite the current advances, further studies are needed to confirm the cardioprotective potential of phenolic compounds towards their use alone or in combination with conventional drugs for effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Wissam Zam
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartous, Syria
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Olivia R. Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Adedayo O. Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Adeleke
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Jelena Živković
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr. Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Felipe Noriega
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan 4070386, Chile
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Department of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania
- Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Department of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania
- Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Almushayti AY, Brandt K, Carroll MA, Scotter MJ. Current analytical methods for determination of glucosinolates in vegetables and human tissues. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462060. [PMID: 33770631 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have indicated the potential effects of glucosinolates and their metabolites against cancer as well as other non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. However, information on the presence and quantity of glucosinolates in commonly consumed vegetables and in human fluids is sparse, largely because well-standardised methods for glucosinolate determination are not available, resulting in published data being inconsistent and conflicting. Thus, studies published since 2002 on the most recent developments of glucosinolate extraction and identification have been collected and reviewed with emphasis on determination of the intact glucosinolates by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS. This overview highlights the glucosinolate extraction methods used, the stability of glucosinolates during extraction, the availability of stable isotope labelled internal standards and the use of NMR for purity analysis, as well as the current analytical techniques that have been applied for glucosinolate analysis, e.g. liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS). It aims to interpret the findings with a focus on the development of a validated method, which will help to determine the glucosinolate content of vegetative plants and human tissues, and the identification and determination of selected glucosinolate metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albatul Y Almushayti
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Qassim University, Qassim, KSA.
| | - Kirsten Brandt
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Michael A Carroll
- School of Natural & Environmental Sciences-Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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Lee SE, Park YS. The Emerging Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes by Dietary Phytochemicals in Vascular Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030199. [PMID: 33806594 PMCID: PMC8001043 DOI: 10.3390/life11030199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases are major causes of death worldwide, causing pathologies including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exposure of the vascular system to a variety of stressors and inducers has been implicated in the development of various human diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases. In the vascular wall, antioxidant enzymes form the first line of defense against oxidative stress. Recently, extensive research into the beneficial effects of phytochemicals has been conducted; phytochemicals are found in commonly used spices, fruits, and herbs, and are used to prevent various pathologic conditions, including vascular diseases. The present review aims to highlight the effects of dietary phytochemicals role on antioxidant enzymes in vascular diseases.
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Grylls A, Seidler K, Neil J. Link between microbiota and hypertension: Focus on LPS/TLR4 pathway in endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, and therapeutic implication of probiotics. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111334. [PMID: 33556874 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) presents a significant public health challenge. Recent findings suggest that altered microbiota can exert a hypertensive effect on the host. One of the possible mechanisms involved is the chronic translocation of its components, mainly lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into systemic circulation leading to metabolic endotoxemia. In animal models, LPS has been commonly used to induce endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. In human studies, plasma LPS concentration has been positively correlated with hypertension, however, the mechanistic link has not been fully elucidated. It is hypothesised here that the LPS-induced direct alterations to the vascular endothelium and resulting hypertension are possible targets for probiotic intervention. The methodology of this review involved a systematic search of the literature with critical appraisal of papers. Three tranches of search were performed: 1) existing review papers; 2) primary mechanistic animal, in vitro and human studies; and 3) primary intervention studies. A total of 70 peer-reviewed papers were included across the three tranches and critically appraised using SIGN50 for human studies and the ARRIVE guidelines for animal studies. The extracted information was coded into key themes and summarized in a narrative analysis. Results highlight the role of LPS in the activation of endothelial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiating a cascade of interrelated signalling pathways including: 1) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase/ Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/ Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway leading to endothelial dysfunction; and 2) Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways leading to vascular inflammation. Findings from animal intervention studies suggest an improvement in vasorelaxation, vascular inflammation and hypertension following probiotic supplementation, which was mediated by downregulation of LPS-induced pathways. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews provided some evidence for the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotics with statistically significant antihypertensive effect in clinical samples and may offer a viable intervention for the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Grylls
- Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, England, United Kingdom.
| | - Karin Seidler
- Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, England, United Kingdom
| | - James Neil
- Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, England, United Kingdom
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10
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Martelli A, Citi V, Calderone V. Recent efforts in drug discovery on vascular inflammation and consequent atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:411-427. [PMID: 33256484 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1850688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Preservation of vascular endothelium integrity and maintenance of its full functionality are fundamental aspects in order to avoid both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases.Areas covered: Although a massive endothelial disruption is a rare condition, caused by acute and uncontrolled inflammatory responses (e.g. the cytokine storm induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection), more frequently the vascular tree is the first target of slowly progressive inflammatory processes which affect the integrity of endothelium and its 'barrier' function, supporting the onset of atherosclerotic plaque and spreading inflammation. This endothelial dysfunction leads to decrease NO biosynthesis, impaired regulation of vascular tone, and increased platelet aggregation. Such chronic subclinic inflammation leads to macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic lesions. Therefore, many efforts should be addressed to find useful approaches to preserve vascular endothelium from inflammation. In this review, the authors have evaluated the most recent strategies to counteract this pathological condition.Expert opinion: The therapeutic and nutraceutical approaches represent useful tools to treat or prevent different phases of vascular inflammation. In particular, the pharmacological approach should be used in advanced phases characterized by clinical signs of vascular disease, whilst the nutraceutical approach may represent a promising preventive strategy to preserve the integrity of the endothelial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Ogunlade B, Adelakun S, Iteire K. Sulforaphane response on aluminum-induced oxidative stress, alterations in sperm characterization and testicular histomorphometry in Wistar rats. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:611-624. [PMID: 32923928 PMCID: PMC7457154 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i8.7503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The exposure of male individual to environmental toxicant is regarded as a channel that results in reduced sperm counts and infertility.
Objective This study investigated the ameliorative response of Sulforaphane (SFN) on Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats (180-200 gm between 8-10 wk) were divided into four groups (n = 8/each). Group A) received distilled water orally as placebo; Group B) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 only orally; Group C) received 100 mg/kgbw AlCl3 and 100 mg/kgbw SFN orally; and Group D) received 100 mg/kgbw SFN only orally. After 28 days of experiment, animals underwent cervical dislocation, blood serum was obtained for analysis, and testes were harvested for biochemical assays, histology, hormonal profile, and sperm characterization. Results The sperm parameters showed a significant difference within the AlCl3 only group compared with the control and SFN only groups (p = 0.02). However, AlCl3 and SFN co-treatment showed improvement in the motility, viability, and sperm count compared with the AlCl3 only group (p = 0.02). Furthermore, there was a significant decline in the levels of hormones profile and antioxidant status in AlCl3 only group compared to the control and SFN only (p = 0.02). The testicular histoarchitecture of the AlCl3 only group showed shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, spermatogenesis disruption, and empty lumen compared to the control and SFN only groups. Conclusion The present study revealed the ameliorative response of SFN on AlCl3-induced testicular toxicity on serum hormone profiles, antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and histomorphometric analysis through oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Ogunlade
- Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Adelakun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley Iteire
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo city, Ondo State, Nigeria
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12
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Ruhee RT, Suzuki K. The Integrative Role of Sulforaphane in Preventing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Fatigue: A Review of a Potential Protective Phytochemical. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060521. [PMID: 32545803 PMCID: PMC7346151 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables hold a myriad of bioactive molecules that are renowned for possessing unique medicinal benefits. Sulforaphane (SFN) is one of the potential nutraceuticals contained within cruciferous vegetables that is useful for improving health and diseased conditions. The objective of this review is to discuss the mechanistic role for SFN in preventing oxidative stress, fatigue, and inflammation. Direct and indirect research evidence is reported to identify the nontoxic dose of SFN for human trials, and effectiveness of SFN to attenuate inflammation and/or oxidative stress. SFN treatment modulates redox balance via activating redox regulator nuclear factor E2 factor-related factor (Nrf2). SFN may play a crucial role in altering the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway (an intricate response to many stimuli or stress), which induces Nrf2 target gene activation to reduce oxidative stress. In addition, SFN reduces inflammation by suppressing centrally involved inflammatory regulator nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), which in turn downregulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators. Exercise may induce a significant range of fatigue, inflammation, oxidative stress, and/or organ damage due to producing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines. SFN may play an effective role in preventing such damage via inducing phase 2 enzymes, activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway or suppressing nuclear translocation of NF-κB. In this review, we summarize the integrative role of SFN in preventing fatigue, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and briefly introduce the history of cruciferous vegetables and the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of SFN reported in previous research. To date, very limited research has been conducted on SFN’s effectiveness in improving exercise endurance or performance. Therefore, more research needs to be carried out to determine the effectiveness of SFN in the field of exercise and lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruheea Taskin Ruhee
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-2947-6898
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13
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Ruhee RT, Roberts LA, Ma S, Suzuki K. Organosulfur Compounds: A Review of Their Anti-inflammatory Effects in Human Health. Front Nutr 2020; 7:64. [PMID: 32582751 PMCID: PMC7280442 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytonutrients are widely recognized for providing protective human health benefits. Among the phytonutrients, epidemiological and experimental studies show that dietary organosulfur compounds (OSC) play a significant role in preventing various human pathological progressions, including chronic inflammation, by decreasing inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-17, which are all typical hallmarks of inflammation. Evidence supports OSC in reducing the expression of these markers, thereby attenuating chronic inflammatory processes. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key regulating factor during inflammation, and novel evidence shows that OSC downregulates this transcriptional factor, thus contributing to the anti-inflammatory response. In vitro and in vivo studies show that inflammation is mechanistically linked with acute and chronic pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, obesity, neural dysfunction, etc. Furthermore, a considerable number of experiments have demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory properties of OSC occur in a dose-dependent manner. These experiments also highlight indirect mechanisms as well as potent co-functions for protective roles as antioxidants, and in providing chemoprotection and neuroprotection. In this brief review, we provided an overview of the anti-inflammatory effects of OSC and elucidated probable mechanisms that are associated with inflammation and chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Llion Arwyn Roberts
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sihui Ma
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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14
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Prieto MA, López CJ, Simal-Gandara J. Glucosinolates: Molecular structure, breakdown, genetic, bioavailability, properties and healthy and adverse effects. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 90:305-350. [PMID: 31445598 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates are a large group of plant secondary metabolites with nutritional effects and biologically active compounds. Glucosinolates are mainly found in cruciferous plants such as Brassicaceae family, including common edible plants such as broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata f. alba), cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis), rapeseed (Brassica napus), mustard (Brassica nigra), and horseradish (Armoracia rusticana). If cruciferous plants are consumed without processing, myrosinase enzyme will hydrolyze the glucosinolates to various metabolites, such as isothiocyanates, nitriles, oxazolidine-2-thiones, and indole-3-carbinols. On the other hand, when cruciferous are cooked before consumption, myrosinase is inactivated and glucosinolates could be partially absorbed in their intact form through the gastrointestinal mucosa. This review paper summarizes the glucosinolate molecular breakdown, their genetic aspects from biosynthesis to precursors, their bioavailability (assimilation, absorption, and elimination of these molecules), their sensory properties, identified healthy and adverse effects, as well as the impact of processing on their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo-Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jiménez López
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo-Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.
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15
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Zheng M, Yan X, Bu F, Zhang F, Li Z, Cui J, liu J, Dong M. Structural characterization of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch peptides and anti-inflammatory potency evaluation in human vascular endothelial cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19365-19374. [PMID: 35519370 PMCID: PMC9065169 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that scorpion toxins have excellent anti-cancer effects; however, the anti-inflammatory activity of scorpion peptides has rarely been studied. Here, a series of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch peptides (MMKPs) were isolated and the amino acid sequence was identified. The MMKPs mitigated TNF-α-mediated inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results showed that MMKP-1 (His-Glu-Gly-His) treatment (43.0 μM) significantly attenuated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse in HUVECs. Moreover, MMKP-1 down-regulated the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressions and blocked the NF-κB pathway to alleviate the damage caused by TNF-α. Of note, our study provides a good reference for the anti-inflammation research on scorpion oligopeptides. Studies have reported that scorpion toxins have excellent anti-cancer effects; however, the anti-inflammatory activity of scorpion peptides has rarely been studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zheng
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Xiafeng Yan
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Fanli Bu
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Fenglei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Jiali Cui
- People's Hospital of Shule County
- Kashi
- China
| | - Jie liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- School of Medicine
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Minya Dong
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
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16
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Arita Y, Jeong Park H, Cantillon A, Verma K, Menon R, Getahun D, Peltier MR. Pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of sulforaphane on placental cytokine production. J Reprod Immunol 2018; 131:44-49. [PMID: 30641297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Placental inflammation increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and possibly neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring. Previous research suggests it may be possible to modulate the placental immune response to bacteria to favor an anti-inflammatory phenotype with dietary factors. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a dietary supplement with known anti-inflammatory activities, however, its effects on placental cytokine production are unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of SFN on biomarkers of inflammation and neurodevelopment under basal conditions and a setting of mild infection. Placental explant cultures were established and treated with up to 10 μM SFN in the presence and absence of 107 CFU/ml heat-killed E. coli. Concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, sgp130, HO-1 and BDNF in conditioned medium were quantified by immunoassay. SFN increased antioxidant HO-1 expression in the absence, but not the presence, of infection. SFN inhibited IL-1β and IL-10, but tended to promote, TNF-α production by bacteria-stimulated cultures. IL-6 and BDNF were inhibited by SFN irrespective of co-treatment with E.coli. A negative regulator of IL-6 signaling, sgp130, was increased by SFN under basal conditions, but not in E. coli-stimulated cultures. These results suggest that SFN has mixed effects on the placenta inhibiting both pro-inflammatory (IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10) but promoting regulators of oxidative stress and inflammation (HO-1 and sgp130) in an infection-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Arita
- Department of Biomedical Research, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Hyeon Jeong Park
- Department of Biomedical Research, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Aisling Cantillon
- Department of Biomedical Research, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Kavita Verma
- Department of Biomedical Research, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UTMB-Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Darios Getahun
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser-Permenante Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Morgan R Peltier
- Department of Biomedical Research, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, NY, United States.
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17
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Vegetable and fruit intake and injurious falls risk in older women: a prospective cohort study. Br J Nutr 2018; 120:925-934. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518002155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe role of vegetable and fruit intake in reducing falls risk in elderly populations is uncertain. This study examined the associations of vegetable and fruit intake with falls-related hospitalisations in a prospective cohort study of elderly women (n 1429, ≥70 years), including effects on muscular function, which represented a potential causal pathway. Muscular function, measured using grip strength and timed-up-and-go (TUG), and vegetable and fruit intake, quantified using a validated FFQ, were assessed at baseline (1998). Incident falls-related hospitalisation over 14·5-year follow-up was captured by the Hospital Morbidity Data Collection, linked via the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Falls-related hospitalisation occurred in 568 (39·7 %) of women. In multivariable-adjusted models, falls-related hospitalisations were lower in participants consuming more vegetables (hazard ratio (HR) per 75 g serve: 0·90 (95 % CI 0·82, 0·99)), but not fruit intake (per 150 g serve: 1·03 (95 % CI 0·93, 1·14)). Only total cruciferous vegetable intake was inversely associated with falls-related hospitalisation (HR: per 20 g serve: 0·90 (95 % CI 0·83, 0·97)). Higher total vegetable intake was associated with lower odds for poor grip strength (OR: 0·87 (95 % CI 0·77, 0·97)) and slow TUG (OR: 0·88 (95 % CI 0·78, 0·99)). Including grip strength and TUG in the multivariable-adjusted model attenuated the association between total vegetable intake and falls-related hospitalisations. In conclusion, elderly women with higher total and cruciferous vegetable intake had lower injurious falls risk, which may be explained in a large part by better physical function. Falls reduction may be considered an additional benefit of higher vegetable intake in older women.
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18
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Wu J, Jiang Z, Zhang H, Liang W, Huang W, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Jia Y, Liu B, Wu H. Sodium butyrate attenuates diabetes-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction via P300-mediated transcriptional activation of Nrf2. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:454-465. [PMID: 29964168 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are major contributors to diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction which is the critical first step to the development of diabetic macrovascular complications. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a key role in combating diabetes-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and an activator of NRF2. However, NaB's effect on diabetes-induced aortic injury was unknown. It was also not known whether or to what extent NRF2 is required for both self-defense and NaB's protection in the diabetic aorta. Additionally, the mechanism by which NaB activates NRF2 was unclear. Therefore, C57BL/6 Nrf2 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice were induced to diabetes by streptozotocin, and were treated in the presence or absence of NaB, for 20 weeks. The KO diabetic mice developed more severe aortic endothelial oxidative stress, inflammation and dysfunction, as compared with the WT diabetic mice. NaB significantly attenuated these effects in the WT, but not the KO, mice. In high glucose-treated aortic endothelial cells, NaB elevated Nrf2 mRNA and protein without facilitating NRF2 nuclear translocation, an effect distinct from that of sulforaphane. NaB inhibited HDAC activity, and increased occupancy of the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the co-activator P300 at the Nrf2 gene promoter. Further, the P300 inhibitor C646 completely abolished NaB's efficacies. Thus, NRF2 is required for both self-defense and NaB's protection against diabetes-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction. Other findings suggest that P300 mediates the transcriptional activation of Nrf2 by NaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang St., Changchun, Jilin 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Haina Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang St., Changchun, Jilin 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Liang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Huan Zhang
- Operating Theatre, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St, Changchun, Jilin 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, 12 Jiefang Rd., Jilin, Jilin 132000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Rd, Changchun, Jilin 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang St., Changchun, Jilin 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Jia
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang St., Changchun, Jilin 130041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China; Department of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Park SB, Park GH, Kim HN, Son HJ, Song HM, Kim HS, Jeong HJ, Jeong JB. Anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts from the branch of Taxillus yadoriki being parasitic in Neolitsea sericea in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:1-7. [PMID: 29758412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mistletoe has been used as the herbal medicine to treat hypertension, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, arthritis and viral infection. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts of branch from Taxillus yadoriki being parasitic in Neolitsea sericea (TY-NS-B) using in vitro model. TY-NS-B significantly inhibited LPS-induced secretion of NO and PGE2 in RAW264.7 cells. TY-NS-B was also observed to inhibit LPS-mediated iNOS COX-2 expression. In addition, TY-NS-B attenuated production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β induced by LPS. TY-NS-B blocked LPS-mediated inhibitor of IκB-α, and inhibited p65 translocation to the nucleus and NF-κB activation. Furthermore, TY-NS-B reduced the phosphorylation of MAPKs such as p38 and JNK, but not ERK1/2. In addition, TY-NS-B increased ATF3 expression and ATF3 knockdown by ATF3 siRNA attenuated TY-NS-B-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediator expression. Collectively, our results suggest that TY-NS-B exerts potential anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling activation, and increasing ATF3 expression. These findings indicate that TY-NS-B could be further developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Park
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Na Kim
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jun Son
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Min Song
- Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea.
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Gründemann C, Huber R. Chemoprevention with isothiocyanates - From bench to bedside. Cancer Lett 2017; 414:26-33. [PMID: 29111351 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are naturally occurring hydrolization products from glucosinolates (GLSs) in brassicaceae and in epidemiological studies their intake has been weakly to moderately inversely correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. Numerous preclinical studies demonstrate chemopreventive mode of actions of ITCs, mainly related to a.) detoxification (induction of phase II enzymes), b.) anti-inflammatory properties by down-regulation of NFkappaB activity, c.) cyclin-mediated cell cycle arrest and d.) epigenetic modulation by inhibition of histone deacetylase activity. First prospective clinical trials were promising in patients with risk of prostate cancer recurrence. The glutathione-S-transferase gene expression seems to play a major role in the individual susceptibility towards ITCs. Safety issues are widely unclear and should be more addressed in future studies because ITCs can, in low concentrations, compromise the function of human immune cells and might impair genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Gründemann
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Roman Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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21
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Wang Y, Zhou Z, Wang W, Liu M, Bao Y. Differential effects of sulforaphane in regulation of angiogenesis in a co-culture model of endothelial cells and pericytes. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2905-2912. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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22
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Ryu HW, Lee SU, Lee S, Song HH, Son TH, Kim YU, Yuk HJ, Ro H, Lee CK, Hong ST, Oh SR. 3-Methoxy-catalposide inhibits inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Cytokine 2016; 91:57-64. [PMID: 28011397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pseudolysimachion rotundum var. subintegrum is utilized as a traditional herbal remedy to treat cough, bronchitis, and asthma in Korea, Russia, China, and Europe. Here, we show that 3-methoxy-catalposide, a novel iridoide glycoside isolated from P. rotundum var. subintegrum has the anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. The chemical structure of 3-methoxy-catalposide was determined by NMR, optical rotation and HRESIMS. In in vitro experiment, RAW264.7 cells were treated with 3-methoxy-catalposide for 2h before exposure to LPS for different times. Inflammatory gene and protein expressions were assayed using RT-PCR and ELISA. Activities of signal proteins were examined using western analysis. Our results demonstrated that 3-methoxy-catalposide significantly inhibits the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS, thereby suppressing the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, 3-methoxy-catalposide markedly reduced the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Further, 3-methoxy-catalposide inhibited both LPS-induced activation of three MAP kinases (ERK 1/2, JNK, and p38) and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and AP-1. These results support that 3-methoxy-catalposide may be a promising candidate for inflammation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ui Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoghyun Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Hwan Song
- R&D Team, Agency for Korea National Food Cluster (AnFC), 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 507-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Son
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeah-Un Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ro
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea.
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Protective role of sulphoraphane against vascular complications in diabetes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2329-2339. [PMID: 26841240 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1138314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Diabetes is a global health challenge. Although large prospective clinical trials have shown that intensive control of blood glucose or blood pressure reduces the risk for development and progression of vascular complications in diabetes, a substantial number of diabetic patients still experience renal failure and cardiovascular events, which could account for disabilities and high mortality rate in these subjects. Objective Sulphoraphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in widely consumed cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage and Brussels sprouts, and an inducer of phase II antioxidant and detoxification enzymes with anticancer properties. We reviewed here the protective role of sulphoraphane against diabetic vascular complications. Methods In this review, literature searches were undertaken in Medline and in CrossRef. Non-English language articles were excluded. Keywords [sulphoraphane and (diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic complications, vascular, cardiomyocytes, heart or glycation)] have been used to select the articles. Results There is accumulating evidence that sulphoraphane exerts beneficial effects on vascular damage in both cell culture and diabetic animal models via antioxidative properties. Furthermore, we have recently found that sulphoraphane inhibits in vitro formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), suppresses the AGE-induced inflammatory reactions in rat aorta by reducing receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression and decreases serum levels of AGEs in humans. Conclusion These findings suggest that blockade of oxidative stress and/or the AGE-RAGE axis by sulphoraphane may be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- a Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- a Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
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Du G, Lin Q, Wang J. A brief review on the mechanisms of aspirin resistance. Int J Cardiol 2016; 220:21-6. [PMID: 27372038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin is the most widely prescribed drug for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, a large number of patients continue to experience thromboembolic events despite aspirin therapy, a phenomenon referred to as aspirin resistance or treatment failure. Aspirin resistance is often observed along with a high incidence of unstable plaque, cardiovascular events and cerebrovascular accident. Studies have shown that aspirin reduces the production of TXA2, but not totally inhibits the activation of platelets. In this review, we analyze current and past research on aspirin resistance, presenting important summaries of results regarding the potential contributive roles of single nucleotide polymorphisms, inflammation, metabolic syndrome and miRNAs. The aim of this article is to provide a brief review on aspirin resistance and platelet function, which will provide important insights into the research of aspirin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Khoogar R, Kim BC, Morris J, Wargovich MJ. Chemoprevention in gastrointestinal physiology and disease. Targeting the progression of cancer with natural products: a focus on gastrointestinal cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G629-44. [PMID: 26893159 PMCID: PMC4867331 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00201.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in the utilization of natural products for the prevention and treatment of human cancer. Many agents now in the pipeline for clinical trial testing have evolved from our understanding of how human nutritional patterns account for widespread differences in cancer risk. In this review, we have focused on many of these promising agents arguing that they may provide a new strategy for cancer control: natural products once thought to be only preventive in their mode of action now are being explored for efficacy in tandem with cancer therapeutics. Natural products may reduce off-target toxicity of therapeutics while making cancers more amenable to therapy. On the horizon is the use of certain natural products, in their own right, as mitigants of late-stage cancer, a new frontier for small-molecule natural product drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Khoogar
- 1Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Byung-Chang Kim
- 2Center for Colorectal Center, Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Ilsan-ro, Illsandong-gu, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jay Morris
- 1Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Michael J. Wargovich
- 1Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
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Li B, Tian S, Liu X, He C, Ding Z, Shan Y. Sulforaphane protected the injury of human vascular endothelial cell induced by LPC through up-regulating endogenous antioxidants and phase II enzymes. Food Funct 2016; 6:1984-91. [PMID: 26008201 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00438a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), which is an isothiocyanate (ITC) that is found in cruciferous vegetables, has received considerable attention because of its beneficial effects. In this study, the protection by SFN in the lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced injury of human vascular endothelial EA.hy.926 cells was investigated. ROS intensity was obtained by fluorescence microscopic imaging. Levels of MDA, GSH and the activity of SOD were determined spectrophotometrically. Expressions of GST, GSH-Px, TrxR and Nrf-2 proteins were measured by western blotting analysis. SFN largely decreased ROS production, similar to vitamin E. The MDA level was decreased by SFN to a level that was comparable to the negative group. Incubation with 0.5, 1.25, 2.5 μmol L(-1) SFN for 24 h restored the activity of SOD by 58%, 64%, and 123%, respectively. SOD activities were individually increased by 53%, 97%, 103% after treatment with 2.5 μmol L(-1) SFN for 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h, respectively. SFN restored and up-regulated the expressions of GST, GSH-Px and TrxR both in dose- and time-dependent ways. Although VE presents comparable induction of phase 2 enzymes as 1.25 μmol L(-1) SFN, it cannot induce the translocation of Nrf-2 to the nucleus. SFN protected the injury of vascular endothelial cell by LPC by enhancing anti-oxidative capabilities mediated by Nrf-2 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang district, Harbin, China.
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Fu Y, Hu X, Cao Y, Zhang Z, Zhang N. Saikosaponin a inhibits lipopolysaccharide-oxidative stress and inflammation in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells via preventing TLR4 translocation into lipid rafts. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:777-85. [PMID: 26475038 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Saikosaponin a (SSa), the major triterpenoid saponin derivatives from Radix bupleuri (RB), has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SSa on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were stimulated with LPS in the presence or absence of SSa. The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 were detected by ELISA. The expression of COX-2 and iNOS, NF-κB and IκB protein were determined by Western blotting. To investigate the protective mechanisms of SSa, TLR4 expression was detected by Western blotting and membrane lipid rafts were separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation and analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-TLR4 antibody. The results showed that SSa dose-dependently inhibited the production of ROS, TNF-α, IL-8, COX-2 and iNOS in LPS-stimulated HUVECs. Western blot analysis showed that SSa suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB activation. SSa did not affect the expression of TLR4 induced by LPS. However, translocation of TLR4 into lipid rafts and oligomerization of TLR4 induce by LPS was inhibited by SSa. Furthermore, SSa disrupted the formation of lipid rafts by depleting cholesterol. Moreover, SSa activated LXRα-ABCA1 signaling pathway, which could induce cholesterol efflux from lipid rafts. Knockdown of LXRα abrogated the anti-inflammatory effects of SSa. In conclusion, the effects of SSa is associated with activating LXRα-ABCA1 signaling pathway which results in disrupting lipid rafts by depleting cholesterol and reducing translocation of TLR4 to lipid rafts and oligomerization of TLR4, thereby attenuating LPS mediated oxidative and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, PR China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, PR China
| | - Zecai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, PR China
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130062, PR China.
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Lee W, Ku SK, Bae JS. Anti-inflammatory effects of Baicalin, Baicalein, and Wogonin in vitro and in vivo. Inflammation 2015; 38:110-25. [PMID: 25249339 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, three structurally related polyphenols found in the Chinese herb Huang Qui, namely baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin, were examined for its effects on inflammatory responses by monitoring the effects of baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated vascular inflammatory responses. We found that each compound inhibited LPS-induced barrier disruption, expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and adhesion/transendothelial migration of monocytes to human endothelial cells. Each compound induced potent inhibition of phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate and LPS-induced endothelial cell protein C receptor shedding. It also suppressed LPS-induced hyperpermeability and leukocytes migration in vivo. Furthermore, each compound suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-6 and the activation of nuclear factor-κB or extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 by LPS. Moreover, treatment with each compound resulted in reduced LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia. These results suggest that baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin posses anti-inflammatory functions by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Dahak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Role of Polyphenols and Other Phytochemicals on Molecular Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:504253. [PMID: 26180591 PMCID: PMC4477245 DOI: 10.1155/2015/504253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Optimized nutrition through supplementation of diet with plant derived phytochemicals has attracted significant attention to prevent the onset of many chronic diseases including cardiovascular impairments, cancer, and metabolic disorder. These phytonutrients alone or in combination with others are believed to impart beneficial effects and play pivotal role in metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Epidemiological and preclinical studies demonstrated that fruits, vegetables, and beverages rich in carotenoids, isoflavones, phytoestrogens, and phytosterols delay the onset of atherosclerosis or act as a chemoprotective agent by interacting with the underlying pathomechanisms. Phytochemicals exert their beneficial effects either by reducing the circulating levels of cholesterol or by inhibiting lipid oxidation, while others exhibit anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet activities. Additionally, they reduce neointimal thickening by inhibiting proliferation of smooth muscle cells and also improve endothelium dependent vasorelaxation by modulating bioavailability of nitric-oxide and voltage-gated ion channels. However, detailed and profound knowledge on specific molecular targets of each phytochemical is very important to ensure safe use of these active compounds as a therapeutic agent. Thus, this paper reviews the active antioxidative, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, or antiangiogenesis role of various phytochemicals for prevention of chronic diseases.
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Dexamethasone loaded core–shell SF/PEO nanofibers via green electrospinning reduced endothelial cells inflammatory damage. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 126:561-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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He C, Li B, Song W, Ding Z, Wang S, Shan Y. Sulforaphane attenuates homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through Nrf-2-driven enzymes in immortalized human hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:7477-7485. [PMID: 24970331 DOI: 10.1021/jf501944u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the present study, we investigated the potential efficacy of cruciferous vegetable-derived sulforaphane (SFN) in improving homocysteine (HCY)-stressed cells. After human hepatocyte line HHL-5 was preincubated with SFN and subsequently with 10 mmol/L HCY, SFN improved the pathologic changes which are caused by HCY, including cell morphological abnormality, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) swelling, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as the increased activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Phase II enzymes, thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), were involved in the protective effect of SFN against injury by HCY. The ER stress-specific proteins, such as glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78) and protein kinase RNA (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), were strikingly abolished by SFN. Furthermore, Nrf-2 translocation was enhanced by SFN, which lead to the induction of TrxR-1and NQO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxia He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology , No. 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
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Lee W, Ku SK, Bae JS. Vascular barrier protective effects of orientin and isoorientin in LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Vascul Pharmacol 2014; 62:3-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), 2 closely related and liver-enriched members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a nonnuclear receptor transcription factor (TF), are major receptors/TFs regulating the expression of genes for the clearance and detoxification of xenobiotics. They are hence defined as "xenobiotic receptors". Recent studies have demonstrated that PXR, CAR and AhR also regulate the expression of key proteins involved in endobiotic responses such as the metabolic homeostasis of lipids, glucose, and bile acid, and inflammatory processes. It is suggested that the functions of PXR, CAR and AhR may be closely implicated in the pathogeneses of metabolic vascular diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, atherogenesis, and hypertension. Therefore, manipulation of the activities of these receptors may provide novel strategies for the treatment of vascular diseases. Here, we review the pathophysiological roles of PXR, CAR and AhR in the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Toona sinensis inhibits LPS-induced inflammation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells via suppression of reactive oxygen species and NF-κB signaling pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:901315. [PMID: 24723997 PMCID: PMC3960752 DOI: 10.1155/2014/901315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Toona sinensis is one of the most popular vegetarian cuisines in Taiwan and it has been shown to possess antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and anticancer properties. In this study, we investigated the antiatherosclerotic potential of aqueous leaf extracts from Toona sinensis (TS; 25–100 μg/mL) and its major bioactive compound, gallic acid (GA; 5 μg/mL), in LPS-treated rat aortic smooth muscle (A7r5) cells. We found that pretreatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of TS and GA significantly inhibited inflammatory NO and PGE2 production by downregulating their precursors, iNOS and COX-2, respectively, in LPS-treated A7r5 cells. Furthermore, TS and GA inhibited LPS-induced intracellular ROS and their corresponding mediator, p47phox. Notably, TS and GA pretreatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced migration in transwell assays. Gelatin zymography and western blotting demonstrated that treatment with TS and GA suppressed the activity or expression of MMP-9, MMP-2, and t-PA. Additionally, TS and GA significantly inhibited LPS-induced VEGF, PDGF, and VCAM-1 expression. Further investigation revealed that the inhibition of iNOS/COX-2, MMPs, growth factors, and adhesion molecules was associated with the suppression of NF-κB activation and MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38) phosphorylation. Thus, Toona sinensis may be useful for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Health promoting effects of brassica-derived phytochemicals: from chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory activities to epigenetic regulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:964539. [PMID: 24454992 PMCID: PMC3885109 DOI: 10.1155/2013/964539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A high intake of brassica vegetables may be associated with a decreased chronic disease risk. Health promoting effects of Brassicaceae have been partly attributed to glucosinolates and in particular to their hydrolyzation products including isothiocyanates. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest a chemopreventive activity of isothiocyanates through the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. Furthermore, studies in cultured cells, in laboratory rodents, and also in humans support an anti-inflammatory effect of brassica-derived phytochemicals. However, the underlying mechanisms of how these compounds mediate their health promoting effects are yet not fully understood. Recent findings suggest that brassica-derived compounds are regulators of epigenetic mechanisms. It has been shown that isothiocyanates may inhibit histone deacetylase transferases and DNA-methyltransferases in cultured cells. Only a few papers have dealt with the effect of brassica-derived compounds on epigenetic mechanisms in laboratory animals, whereas data in humans are currently lacking. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the biological activities of brassica-derived phytochemicals regarding chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, and epigenetic pathways.
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Anti-inflammatory effect of procyanidins from wild grape (Vitis amurensis) seeds in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:409321. [PMID: 24260615 PMCID: PMC3821960 DOI: 10.1155/2013/409321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect and underlying mechanisms of wild grape seeds procyanidins (WGP) were examined using lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. We used nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays to examine inhibitory effect of WGP and further investigated the mechanisms of WGP suppressed LPS-mediated genes and upstream expression by Western blot and confocal microscopy analysis. Our data indicate that WGP significantly reduced NO, PGE2, and ROS production and also inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expressions. Consistently, WGP significantly reduced LPS-stimulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin- (IL-) 1β. Moreover, WGP prevented nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) p65 subunit by reducing inhibitory κB-α (IκBα) and NFκB phosphorylation. Furthermore, we found that WGP inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Taken together, our results demonstrated that WGP exerts potent anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 by regulating NFκB and p38 MAPK pathway.
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Potential efficacy of broccoli sprouts as a unique supplement for management of type 2 diabetes and its complications. J Med Food 2013; 16:375-82. [PMID: 23631497 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional foods and their nutraceutical components are now considered as supplementary treatments in type 2 diabetes and prevention of its long-term complications. Young broccoli sprouts as a functional food contain many bioactive compounds specially sulforaphane. In hyperglycemic and oxidative conditions, sulforaphane has the potential to activate the NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-dependent antioxidant response-signaling pathway, induces phase 2 enzymes, attenuates oxidative stress, and inactivates nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), a key modulator of inflammatory pathways. Interestingly, sulforaphane induces some peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, which contribute to lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. In animal and in vitro models, sulforaphane also shows antihypertensive, anticancer, cardioprotective, and hypocholesterolemic capacity, and has bactericidal properties against Helicobacter pylori. Supplementation of type 2 diabetics with high sulforaphane content broccoli sprouts resulted in increased total antioxidant capacity of plasma and in decreased oxidative stress index, lipid peroxidation, serum triglycerides, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/LDL-cholesterol ratio, serum insulin, insulin resistance, and serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Sulforaphane could prevent nephropathy, diabetes-induced fibrosis, and vascular complications. Potential efficacy of sulforaphane and probably other bioactive components of young broccoli sprouts makes it as an excellent choice for supplementary treatment in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Obesity Research Centers, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences
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Kwon JS, Joung H, Kim YS, Shim YS, Ahn Y, Jeong MH, Kee HJ. Sulforaphane inhibits restenosis by suppressing inflammation and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:41-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Biology and therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide-releasing chimeras. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 85:689-703. [PMID: 23103569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is a colorless gas with a strong odor that until recently was only considered to be a toxic environmental pollutant with little or no physiological significance. However, the past few years have demonstrated its role in many biological systems and it is becoming increasingly clear that H2S is likely to join nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) as a major player in mammalian biology. In this review, we have provided an overview of the chemistry and biology of H2S and have summarized the chemistry and biological activity of some natural and synthetic H2S-donating compounds. The naturally occurring compounds discussed include, garlic, sulforaphane, erucin, and iberin. The synthetic H2S donors reviewed include, GYY4137; cysteine analogs; S-propyl cysteine, S-allyl cysteine, S-propargyl cysteine, and N-acetyl cysteine. Dithiolethione and its NSAID and other chimeras such as, L-DOPA, sildenafil, aspirin, diclofenac, naproxen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, and mesalamine have also been reviewed in detail. The newly reported NOSH-aspirin that releases both NO and H2S has also been discussed.
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Whiteman NK, Gloss AD, Sackton TB, Groen SC, Humphrey PT, Lapoint RT, Sønderby IE, Halkier BA, Kocks C, Ausubel FM, Pierce NE. Genes involved in the evolution of herbivory by a leaf-mining, Drosophilid fly. Genome Biol Evol 2012; 4:900-16. [PMID: 22813779 PMCID: PMC3516228 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evs063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbivorous insects are among the most successful radiations of life. However, we know little about the processes underpinning the evolution of herbivory. We examined the evolution of herbivory in the fly, Scaptomyza flava, whose larvae are leaf miners on species of Brassicaceae, including the widely studied reference plant, Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Scaptomyza flava is phylogenetically nested within the paraphyletic genus Drosophila, and the whole genome sequences available for 12 species of Drosophila facilitated phylogenetic analysis and assembly of a transcriptome for S. flava. A time-calibrated phylogeny indicated that leaf mining in Scaptomyza evolved between 6 and 16 million years ago. Feeding assays showed that biosynthesis of glucosinolates, the major class of antiherbivore chemical defense compounds in mustard leaves, was upregulated by S. flava larval feeding. The presence of glucosinolates in wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis plants reduced S. flava larval weight gain and increased egg-adult development time relative to flies reared in glucosinolate knockout (GKO) plants. An analysis of gene expression differences in 5-day-old larvae reared on WT versus GKO plants showed a total of 341 transcripts that were differentially regulated by glucosinolate uptake in larval S. flava. Of these, approximately a third corresponded to homologs of Drosophila melanogaster genes associated with starvation, dietary toxin-, heat-, oxidation-, and aging-related stress. The upregulated transcripts exhibited elevated rates of protein evolution compared with unregulated transcripts. The remaining differentially regulated transcripts also contained a higher proportion of novel genes than the unregulated transcripts. Thus, the transition to herbivory in Scaptomyza appears to be coupled with the evolution of novel genes and the co-option of conserved stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah K Whiteman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, AZ, USA.
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Guerrero-Beltrán CE, Mukhopadhyay P, Horváth B, Rajesh M, Tapia E, García-Torres I, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Pacher P. Sulforaphane, a natural constituent of broccoli, prevents cell death and inflammation in nephropathy. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:494-500. [PMID: 21684138 PMCID: PMC3179776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CIS) is a potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agent to treat various malignancies, but its therapeutic use is limited because of dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Cell death and inflammation play a key role in the development and progression of CIS-induced nephropathy. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural constituent of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, etc., has been shown to exert various protective effects in models of tissue injury and cancer. In this study, we have investigated the role of prosurvival, cell death and inflammatory signaling pathways using a rodent model of CIS-induced nephropathy, and explored the effects of SFN on these processes. Cisplatin triggered marked activation of stress signaling pathways [p53, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38-α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and promoted cell death in the kidneys (increased DNA fragmentation, caspases-3/7 activity, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine triphosphate nick-end labeling), associated with attenuation of various prosurvival signaling pathways [e.g., extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38-β MAPK]. Cisplatin also markedly enhanced inflammation in the kidneys [promoted NF-κB activation, increased expression of adhesion molecules ICAM and VCAM, enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and inflammatory cell infiltration]. These effects were significantly attenuated by pretreatment of rodents with SFN. Thus, the cisplatin-induced nephropathy is associated with activation of various cell death and proinflammatory pathways (p53, JNK, p38-α, TNF-α and NF-κB) and impairments of key prosurvival signaling mechanisms (ERK and p38-β). SFN is able to prevent the CIS-induced renal injury by modulating these pathways, providing a novel approach for preventing this devastating complication of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., México
| | - Partha Mukhopadhyay
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Béla Horváth
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Institute of Human Physiology and Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mohanraj Rajesh
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Nefrología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, “Ignacio Chávez”, México, D.F., México
| | - Itzhel García-Torres
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, México, D.F, México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., México
| | - Pál Pacher
- Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, Laboratory of Physiological Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Shan Y, Lin N, Yang X, Tan J, Zhao R, Dong S, Wang S. Sulphoraphane inhibited the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 through MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor-4 pathway in cultured endothelial cells. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 22:215-222. [PMID: 20880684 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic inflammation plays pivotal roles in both cancer and cardiovascular diseases. A large body of evidence suggests that high intake of cruciferous vegetables is closely related with low risk of these disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms of protection are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to test the protective effects of an isothiocyanate sulphoraphane on inflammatory injury and related regulation pathways in cultured endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The expressions of adhesion molecules were determined by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analysis. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) translocation was detected by immunofluorescent hybridisation. Other proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that sulphoraphane significantly suppresses the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both at the transcriptional and translational levels. In addition, sulphoraphane inhibited the translocation of NF-кB into the nucleus. Sulphoraphane decreased the phosphorylation of extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), while further blockade and activation using individually specific agents confirm that p38 MAPK and JNK are mainly involved. Interestingly, sulphoraphane down-regulated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, a receptor of LPS located on the membrane. In addition, MyD88, an effector downstream TLR-4 signal pathway was subsequently attenuated. CONCLUSION Taken all together, adhesion molecules are confirmed to be the novel targets of sulphoraphane in preventing inflammatory insult to endothelial cells. Sulphoraphane suppressed TLR-4 followed by MyD88 and downstream factors such as p38 MAPK and JNK, ultimately blocking NF-кB translocation and the subsequent expression of adhesion molecules. These data suggested a novel inflammatory pathway mediated by sulphoraphane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University 150081, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, China
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Fimognari C, Turrini E, Ferruzzi L, Lenzi M, Hrelia P. Natural isothiocyanates: genotoxic potential versus chemoprevention. Mutat Res 2011; 750:107-131. [PMID: 22178957 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates, occurring in many dietary cruciferous vegetables, show interesting chemopreventive activities against several chronic-degenerative diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, diabetes. The electrophilic carbon residue in the isothiocyanate moiety reacts with biological nucleophiles and modification of proteins is recognized as a key mechanism underlying the biological activity of isothiocyanates. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 system, which orchestrates the expression of a wide array of antioxidant genes, plays a role in the protective effect of isothiocyanates against almost all the pathological conditions reported above. Recent emerging findings suggest a further common mechanism. Chronic inflammation plays a central role in many human diseases and isothiocyanates inhibit the activity of many inflammation components, suppress cyclooxygenase 2, and irreversibly inactivate the macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Due to their electrophilic reactivity, some isothiocyanates are able to form adducts with DNA and induce gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. DNA damage has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic-degenerative diseases of epidemiological relevance. Thus, the genotoxicity of the isothiocyanates should be carefully considered. In addition, the dose-response relationship for genotoxic compounds does not suggest evidence of a threshold. Thus, chemicals that are genotoxic pose a greater potential risk to humans than non-genotoxic compounds. Dietary consumption levels of isothiocyanates appear to be several orders of magnitude lower than the doses used in the genotoxicity studies and thus it is highly unlikely that such toxicities would occur in humans. However, the beneficial properties of isothiocyanates stimulated an increase of dietary supplements and functional foods with highly enriched isothiocyanate concentrations on the market. Whether such concentrations may exert a potential health risk cannot be excluded with certainty and an accurate evaluation of the toxicological profile of isothiocyanates should be prompted before any major increase in their consumption be recommended or their clinical use suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Fimognari
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferruzzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monia Lenzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Pei Y, Wu B, Cao Q, Wu L, Yang G. Hydrogen sulfide mediates the anti-survival effect of sulforaphane on human prostate cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 257:420-8. [PMID: 22005276 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a novel gasotransmitter that regulates cell proliferation and other cellular functions. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a sulfur-containing compound that exhibits anticancer properties, and young sprouts of broccoli are particularly rich in SFN. There is consistent epidemiological evidence that the consumption of sulfur-containing vegetables, such as garlic and cruciferous vegetables, may help reduce the occurrence of prostate cancer. Here we found that a large amount of H(2)S is released when SFN is added into cell culture medium or mixed with mouse liver homogenates, respectively. Both SFN and NaHS (a H(2)S donor) decreased the viability of PC-3 cells (a human prostate cancer cell line) in a dose-dependent manner, and supplement of methemoglobin or oxidized glutathione (two H(2)S scavengers) reversed SFN-reduced cell viability. We further found both cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine beta-synthase are expressed in PC-3 cells and mouse prostate tissues. H(2)S production in prostate tissues from CSE knockout mice was only 20% of that from wild-type mice, suggesting CSE is a major H(2)S-producing enzyme in prostate. CSE overexpression enhanced H(2)S production and inhibited cell viability in PC-3 cells. In addition, both SFN and NaHS activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Pre-treatment of PC-3 cells with methemoglobin decreased SFN-stimulated MAPK activities. Suppression of both p38 MAPK and JNK reversed H(2)S- or SFN-reduced viability of PC-3 cells. Our results demonstrated that H(2)S mediates the inhibitory effect of SFN on the proliferation of PC-3 cells, which suggests that H(2)S-releasing diet or drug might be beneficial in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Pei
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
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45
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Liang H, Yuan Q. Natural sulforaphane as a functional chemopreventive agent: including a review of isolation, purification and analysis methods. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2011; 32:218-34. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2011.604838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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46
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Regulates Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Lab Anim Res 2011; 27:85-90. [PMID: 21826167 PMCID: PMC3146000 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2011.27.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a main enzyme producing nitric oxide during inflammation and thus contributes to the initiation and development of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major catechin derived from green tea, has multiple beneficial effects for treating cardiovascular disease, but the effect of EGCG on the expression of vascular iNOS remains unknown. In this study, we investigated (i) whether EGCG inhibits the expression of vascular iNOS induced by angiotensin II in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and, if it does inhibit, (ii) mechanisms underlying the inhibition. Angiotensin II increased expression levels of vascular iNOS; EGCG counteracted this effect. EGCG increased the production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, EGCG did not affect the production of reactive oxygen species induced by angiotensin II. These data suggest a novel mechanism whereby EGCG provides direct vascular benefits for treating inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
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47
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Olson KR. The therapeutic potential of hydrogen sulfide: separating hype from hope. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011; 301:R297-312. [PMID: 21543637 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00045.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has become the hot new signaling molecule that seemingly affects all organ systems and biological processes in which it has been investigated. It has also been shown to have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions and proapoptotic and anti-apoptotic effects and has even been reported to induce a hypometabolic state (suspended animation) in a few vertebrates. The exuberance over potential clinical applications of natural and synthetic H(2)S-"donating" compounds is understandable and a number of these function-targeted drugs have been developed and show clinical promise. However, the concentration of H(2)S in tissues and blood, as well as the intrinsic factors that affect these levels, has not been resolved, and it is imperative to address these points to distinguish between the physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological effects of this molecule. This review will provide an overview of H(2)S metabolism, a summary of many of its reported "physiological" actions, and it will discuss the recent development of a number of H(2)S-donating drugs that show clinical potential. It will also examine some of the misconceptions of H(2)S chemistry that have appeared in the literature and attempt to realign the definition of "physiological" H(2)S concentrations upon which much of this exuberance has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Olson
- Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, Indiana 46617, USA.
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48
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Bongard RD, Krenz GS, Gastonguay AJ, Williams CL, Lindemer BJ, Merker MP. Characterization of the threshold for NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase activity in intact sulforaphane-treated pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:953-62. [PMID: 21238579 PMCID: PMC3851029 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells in culture with the phase II enzyme inducer sulforaphane (5μM, 24h; sulf-treated) increased cell-lysate NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) activity by 5.7 ± 0.6 (mean ± SEM)-fold, but intact-cell NQO1 activity by only 2.8 ± 0.1-fold compared to control cells. To evaluate the hypothesis that the threshold for sulforaphane-induced intact-cell NQO1 activity reflects a limitation in the capacity to supply NADPH at a sufficient rate to drive all the induced NQO1 to its maximum activity, total KOH-extractable pyridine nucleotides were measured in cells treated with duroquinone to stimulate maximal NQO1 activity. NQO1 activation increased NADP(+) in control and sulf-treated cells, with the effect more pronounced in the sulf-treated cells, in which the NADPH was also decreased. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) inhibition partially blocked NQO1 activity in control and sulf-treated cells, but G-6-PDH overexpression via transient transfection with the human cDNA alleviated neither the restriction on intact sulf-treated cell NQO1 activity nor the impact on the NADPH/NADP(+) ratios. Intracellular ATP levels were not affected by NQO1 activation in control or sulf-treated cells. An increased dependence on extracellular glucose and a rightward shift in the K(m) for extracellular glucose were observed in NQO1-stimulated sulf-treated vs control cells. The data suggest that glucose transport in the sulf-treated cells may be insufficient to support the increased metabolic demand for pentose phosphate pathway-generated NADPH as an explanation for the NQO1 threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Bongard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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