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Fei X, Chen L, Gao J, Jiang X, Sun W, Cheng X, Zhao T, Zhao M, Zhu L. p53 lysine-lactylated modification contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory activation in BV2 cell under hypoxic conditions. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105794. [PMID: 38908518 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
p53 has diversity functions in regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, cancer metastasis, etc. Recent studies have shown that p53 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) co-regulate proinflammatory responses in macrophages. However, the role of p53 lysine lactylation (p53Kla) in mediating proinflammatory phenotypes in microglia under hypoxic conditions remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the proinflammatory activation exacerbated by hypoxia and the levels of p53Kla in microglial cells. BV2 cells, an immortalized mouse microglia cell line, were divided into control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced, hypoxia (Hy), and LPS-Hy groups. The protein expression levels of p53 and p53Kla and the activation of microglia were compared among the four groups. Sodium oxamate and mutant p53 plasmids were transfected into BV2 cells to detect the effect of p53Kla on microglial proinflammatory activation. LPS-Hy stimulation significantly upregulated p53Kla levels in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of BV2 cells. In contrast, the p53 protein levels were downregulated. LPS-Hy stimulation upregulated phosphorylated p65 protein levels in nuclear and activated the NF-κB pathway in BV2 cells, resulting in increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (iNOS, IL6, IL1β, TNFα), enhanced cell viability, and concomitantly, increased cytotoxicity. In conclusion, p53 lysine-lactylated modification contributes to LPS-induced proinflammatory activation in BV2 cells under hypoxia through NF-κB pathway and inhibition of lactate production may alleviate neuroinflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Fei
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jiayue Gao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiufang Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China; Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China.
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2
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Xu Y, Jia B, Li J, Li Q, Luo C. The Interplay between Ferroptosis and Neuroinflammation in Central Neurological Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:395. [PMID: 38671843 PMCID: PMC11047682 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Central neurological disorders are significant contributors to morbidity, mortality, and long-term disability globally in modern society. These encompass neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic brain diseases, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, depression, and more. The involved pathogenesis is notably intricate and diverse. Ferroptosis and neuroinflammation play pivotal roles in elucidating the causes of cognitive impairment stemming from these diseases. Given the concurrent occurrence of ferroptosis and neuroinflammation due to metabolic shifts such as iron and ROS, as well as their critical roles in central nervous disorders, the investigation into the co-regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis and neuroinflammation has emerged as a prominent area of research. This paper delves into the mechanisms of ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in central nervous disorders, along with their interrelationship. It specifically emphasizes the core molecules within the shared pathways governing ferroptosis and neuroinflammation, including SIRT1, Nrf2, NF-κB, Cox-2, iNOS/NO·, and how different immune cells and structures contribute to cognitive dysfunction through these mechanisms. Researchers' findings suggest that ferroptosis and neuroinflammation mutually promote each other and may represent key factors in the progression of central neurological disorders. A deeper comprehension of the common pathway between cellular ferroptosis and neuroinflammation holds promise for improving symptoms and prognosis related to central neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejia Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Bowen Jia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Chengliang Luo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Kuru Bektaşoğlu P, Arıkök AT, Ergüder Bİ, Sargon MF, Altun SA, Ünlüler C, Börekci A, Kertmen H, Çelikoğlu E, Gürer B. Cinnamaldehyde has ameliorative effects on rabbit spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury. World Neurosurg X 2024; 21:100254. [PMID: 38148767 PMCID: PMC10750183 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2023.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Kuru Bektaşoğlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ata Türker Arıkök
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berrin İmge Ergüder
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Fevzi Sargon
- Department of Anatomy, Lokman Hekim University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Akyıldız Altun
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caner Ünlüler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Börekci
- Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayri Kertmen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Çelikoğlu
- Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bora Gürer
- Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kamboj S, Sharma P, Kamboj R, Kamboj S, Hariom, Girija, Guarve K, Dutt R, Verma I, Dua K, Rani N. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents for Addressing Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:129-144. [PMID: 38265386 DOI: 10.2174/0118715249273015231225091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorder is a serious condition that is caused by abnormal or no neurological function. Neurodegenerative disease is a major growing cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, especially in the elderly. After World War Ⅱ, eugenics term was exterminated from medicines. Neurodegenerative disease is a genetically inherited disease. Lifestyle changes, environmental factors, and genetic modification, together or alone, are involved in the occurrence of this disorder. The major examples of neurodegenerative disorders are Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, in which apoptosis and necrosis are the two major death pathways for neurons. It has been determined from various studies that the etiology of the neurodegenerative disease involves the role of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence system, which are prime factors associated with the activation of signal transduction pathway that is responsible for the formation of synuclein in the brain and manifestation of toxic reactions in the form of functional abnormality, which ultimately leads to the dysfunction of neuronal pathway or cell. There has not been much success in the discovery of effective therapy to treat neurodegenerative diseases because the main cause of abnormal functioning or death of neurons is not well known. However, the use of natural products that are derived from plants has effective therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative disease. The natural compounds with medicinal properties to prevent neurological dysfunction are curcumin, wolfberry, ginseng, and Withania somnifera. The selection and use of natural compounds are based on their strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties against neurodegenerative disease. Herbal products have active constituents that play an important role in the prevention of communication errors between neurons and neurotransmitters and their respective receptors in the brain, which influence their function. Considering this, natural products have great potential against neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews the natural compounds used to treat neurodegenerative diseases and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Shikha Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Hariom
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Girija
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, India
| | - Rohit Dutt
- Gandhi Memorial National College, Ambala, India
| | - Inderjeet Verma
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy Graduate of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nidhi Rani
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Chang CY, Yang PX, Yu TL, Lee CL. Cordyceps cicadae NTTU 868 Mycelia Fermented with Deep Ocean Water Minerals Prevents D-Galactose-Induced Memory Deficits by Inhibiting Oxidative Inflammatory Factors and Aging-Related Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081968. [PMID: 37111188 PMCID: PMC10145131 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps cicadae, a medicinal fungus that is abundant in bioactive compounds such as N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA) and polysaccharides, possesses remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and nerve damage recovery properties. Deep ocean water (DOW) contains minerals that can be absorbed and transformed into organic forms by fungi fermentation. Recent studies have shown that culturing C. cicadae in DOW can enhance its therapeutic benefits by increasing the levels of bioactive compounds and minerals' bioavailibility. In this study, we investigated the effects of DOW-cultured C. cicadae (DCC) on brain damage and memory impairment induced by D-galactose in rats. Our results indicate that DCC and its metabolite HEA can improve memory ability and exhibit potent antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging in D-galactose-induced aging rats (p < 0.05). Additionally, DCC can mitigate the expression of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thereby preventing brain aging. Furthermore, DCC showed a significant decrease in the expression of the aging-related proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and presenilin 1 (PS1). By reducing brain oxidation and aging-related factors, DOW-cultured C. cicadae demonstrate enhanced anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, making it a promising therapeutic agent for preventing and treating age-related brain damage and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Chang
- Marine Industry and Engineer Research Center, National Academy of Marine Research, Kaohsiung 806614, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Xin Yang
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Luen Yu
- Marine Industry and Engineer Research Center, National Academy of Marine Research, Kaohsiung 806614, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
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Hao DL, Li JM, Xie R, Huo HR, Xiong XJ, Sui F, Wang PQ. The role of traditional herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic-A critical review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154609. [PMID: 36610141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and severe long-term disability worldwide. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in anti-ischemic therapies. However, IS remains a tremendous challenge, with favourable clinical outcomes being generally difficult to achieve from candidate drugs in preclinical phase testing. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has been used to treat stroke for over 2,000 years in China. In modern times, THM as an alternative and complementary therapy have been prescribed in other Asian countries and have gained increasing attention for their therapeutic effects. These millennia of clinical experience allow THM to be a promising avenue for improving clinical efficacy and accelerating drug discovery. PURPOSE To summarise the clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of THMs in IS. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP Information Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database, from inception to 17 June 2022 to examine the efficacy and safety of THM for IS, and to investigate experimental studies regarding potential mechanisms. RESULTS THM is widely prescribed for IS alone or as adjuvant therapy. In clinical trials, THM is generally administered within 72 h of stroke onset and are continuously prescribed for over 3 months. Compared with Western medicine (WM), THM combined with routine WM can significantly improve neurological function defect scores, promote clinical total effective rate, and accelerate the recovery time of stroke with fewer adverse effects (AEs). These effects can be attributed to multiple mechanisms, mainly anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, brain blood barrier (BBB) modulation, inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation, and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS THM may be a promising candidate for IS management to guide clinical applications and as a reference for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jia-Meng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Ru Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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7
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Wu F, Wei Q, Yang M, Deng R, Liu S. Analysis of chemical components in two tree species of magnoliaceae, Magnolia sumatrana var. glauca (Blume) Figlar & Noot and Magnolia hypolampra (Dandy) Figlar. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:328-332. [PMID: 34328033 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1958216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The essential oils from roots, branches, leaves and bark of Magnolia sumatrana var. glauca (Blume) Figlar & Noot and Magnolia hypolampra (Dandy) Figlar were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and the chemicals were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The major constitutes of M. sumatrana var. glauca were trans-cinnamaldehyde (27.55%), caryophyllene (1.20-10.14%), (+)-bulnesol (9.70%), α-caryophyllene (2.35-6.35%), α-eudesmol (1.08-6.17%). M. hypolampra was characterized by the presence of safrole (0.18-35.01%), (+) cycloisosativene (18.70%), oxirane, hexadecyl- (0.72-12.79%), β-cubebene (1.53-8.90%), (Z)-14-tricosenyl formate (8.65%). This is the first study of the composition of essential oils from the roots, branches and bark of M. sumatrana var. glauca and the roots of M. hypolampra, and some compounds were being described for the first time. Combined with present results and literatures, phytochemicals may be affected by multi-factors such as organs, growing location, and extraction methods, providing more approaches for further exploration of the non-wood resources of forestry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qiusi Wei
- State-ownYachang Forest Farm of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baise, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Mei Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Rongyan Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Shinan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
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Moreira LDSG, Brum IDSDC, de Vargas Reis DCM, Trugilho L, Chermut TR, Esgalhado M, Cardozo LFMF, Stenvinkel P, Shiels PG, Mafra D. Cinnamon: an aromatic condiment applicable to chronic kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023; 42:4-26. [PMID: 36747357 PMCID: PMC9902738 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.22.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamon, a member of the Lauraceae family, has been widely used as a spice and traditional herbal medicine for centuries and has shown beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. However, its effectiveness as a therapeutic intervention for chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unproven. The bioactive compounds within cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate, can mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, gut dysbiosis, and dyslipidemia, which are common complications in patients with CKD. In this narrative review, we assess the mechanisms by which cinnamon may alleviate complications observed in CKD and the possible role of this spice as an additional nutritional strategy for this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liana Trugilho
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Tuany R. Chermut
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Marta Esgalhado
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Correspondence: Peter Stenvinkel Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital M99, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Paul G. Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil,Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil,Graduate Program in Biological Sciences – Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Luan F, Lei Z, Peng X, Chen L, Peng L, Liu Y, Rao Z, Yang R, Zeng N. Cardioprotective effect of cinnamaldehyde pretreatment on ischemia/ reperfusion injury via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and gasdermin D mediated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aljaafari MN, Alkhoori MA, Hag-Ali M, Cheng WH, Lim SHE, Loh JY, Lai KS. Contribution of Aldehydes and Their Derivatives to Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113589. [PMID: 35684521 PMCID: PMC9182322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are intricate combinations of evaporative compounds produced by aromatic plants and extracted by distillation or expression. EOs are natural secondary metabolites derived from plants and have been found to be useful in food and nutraceutical manufacturing, perfumery and cosmetics; they have also been found to alleviate the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in addition to functioning as antibacterial and antifungal agents, balancing menstrual cycles and being efficacious as an immune system booster. Several main aldehyde constituents can be found in different types of EOs, and thus, aldehydes and their derivatives will be the main focus of this study with regard to their antimicrobial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. This brief study also explores the activity of aldehydes and their derivatives against pathogenic bacteria for future use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Nasser Aljaafari
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Maryam Abdulraheem Alkhoori
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Mohammed Hag-Ali
- Higher Colleges of Technology Headquarters, CERT Building, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Wan-Hee Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
| | - Swee-Hua-Erin Lim
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
| | - Jiun-Yan Loh
- Centre of Research for Advanced Aquaculture (CORAA), UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.L.); (K.-S.L.)
| | - Kok-Song Lai
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 41012, United Arab Emirates; (M.N.A.); (M.A.A.); (S.-H.-E.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.L.); (K.-S.L.)
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11
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Cui J, Li M, Wei Y, Li H, He X, Yang Q, Li Z, Duan J, Wu Z, Chen Q, Chen B, Li G, Ming X, Xiong L, Qin D. Inhalation Aromatherapy via Brain-Targeted Nasal Delivery: Natural Volatiles or Essential Oils on Mood Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860043. [PMID: 35496310 PMCID: PMC9041268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders, also often referred to as affective disorders, are a group of psychiatric illnesses that severely impact mood and its related functions. The high medical expenditures have placed a significant financial burden on patients and their families. Aromatherapy is an alternative and complementary treatment that utilizes essential oils (EOs) or volatile oils (VOs) to achieve major therapeutic goals. In general, EOs are volatile chemicals that enter the body primarily through skin absorption and/or nasal inhalation. In addition, they can work through oral administration. Inhalation aromatherapy has shown unique advantages for treating mood disorders, especially depression, anxiety and mental disorders such as sleep disorder, which have been validated over the last decade through clinical and animal studies. Accumulating evidence has shown that EOs or VOs can bypass the blood-brain barrier to target brain tissue through the nasal-brain pathway. Subsequently, they act on the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and limbic system in the brain to improve symptoms of anxiety, depression and improve sleep quality. Here, we review the natural aromatic plants’ volatiles or essential oils used commonly as adjuncts to manage mood disorders and illustrate the mechanisms of inhalation aromatherapy, and mainly summarized the application of transnasal inhalation aromatherapy in depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. We conclude that aromatherapy does not cause side-effects, which is vastly different from commonly used psychotropic drugs. Inhalation aromatherapy via brain-targeted nasal delivery offers potentially efficacious treatment for mental disorders and merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Huayan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiying He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengkun Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jinfeng Duan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Bojun Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Ming
- Department of TCM Pediatrics, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Chen WF, Shih YH, Liu HC, Cheng CI, Chang CI, Chen CY, Lin IP, Lin MY, Lee CH. 6-methoxyflavone suppresses neuroinflammation in lipopolysaccharide- stimulated microglia through the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/NF-κB dependent pathways and the activation of HO-1/NQO-1 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154025. [PMID: 35272244 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia-related neuroinflammation is associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Flavonoids have demonstrated different pharmacological effects, such as antioxidation, neuroprotection and anti-inflammation However, the effect of flavonoid 6-methoxyflavone (6-MeOF) on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation remain unknown. PURPOSE The current study aim to study the antineuroinflammatory effects of 6-MeOF in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced microglia in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Pretreatment of BV2 microglia cells with 6-MeOF for 1 h then stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for 24 h. The expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors, NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were performed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Griess assay and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess MAPK, NF-κB signal transducer and antioxidant enzymes-related proteins. Analysis of ROS and microglial morphology was confirmed in the zebrafish and mice brain, respectively. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that 6-MeOF dose-dependently prevent cell death and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Phosphorylated NF-κB/IκB and TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK/JNK proteins after exposure to 6-MeOF was suppressed in LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. 6-MeOF also presented antioxidant activity by reduction of NO, ROS, iNOS and COX-2 and the induction of the level of HO-1 and NQO1 expressions in LPS-activated BV2 microglial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that 6-MeOF inhibited LPS-induced NO generation in an experimental zebrafish model and prevent the LPS-induced microgliosis in the prefrontal cortex and substantia nigra of mice. CONCLUSION These results explored that 6-MeOF possesses potential as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agents against microglia-associated neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123 Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung, 83300, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung City, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsiang Shih
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Chih Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chi Mei medical center, Liouying, Tainan, 73659, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-I Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sin-Lau Medical Foundation the Presbyterian Church, Tainan, 70142, Taiwan
| | - Chi-I Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; Research Center for Active Natural Products Development, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - In-Pin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ying Lin
- Community Health Promotion Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ci-Jin Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Figueiredo IFS, Araújo LG, Assunção RG, Dutra IL, Nascimento JR, Rego FS, Rolim CS, Alves LSR, Frazão MA, Cadete SF, da Silva LCN, de Sá JC, de Sousa EM, Elias WP, Nascimento FRF, Abreu AG. Cinnamaldehyde Increases the Survival of Mice Submitted to Sepsis Induced by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030364. [PMID: 35326827 PMCID: PMC8944619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several natural products have been investigated for their bactericidal potential, among these, cinnamaldehyde. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the activity of cinnamaldehyde in the treatment of animals with sepsis induced by extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. Initially, the E. coli F5 was incubated with cinnamaldehyde to evaluate the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration. Animal survival was monitored for five days, and a subset of mice were euthanized after 10 h to evaluate histological, hematological, and immunological parameters, as well as the presence of bacteria in the organs. On the one hand, inoculation of bacterium caused the death of 100% of the animals within 24 h after infection. On the other hand, cinnamaldehyde (60 mg/kg) was able to keep 40% of mice alive after infection. The treatment significantly reduced the levels of cytokines in serum and peritoneum and increased the production of cells in both bone marrow and spleen, as well as lymphocytes at the infection site. Cinnamaldehyde was able to reduce tissue damage by decreasing the deleterious effects for the organism and contributed to the control of the sepsis and survival of animals; therefore, it is a promising candidate for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella F. S. Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
| | - Lorena G. Araújo
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Raissa G. Assunção
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
| | - Itaynara L. Dutra
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
| | - Johnny R. Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia S. Rego
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
| | - Carolina S. Rolim
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
| | - Leylane S. R. Alves
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
| | - Mariana A. Frazão
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
| | - Samilly F. Cadete
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
| | - Luís Cláudio N. da Silva
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Joicy C. de Sá
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. de Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Waldir P. Elias
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Flávia R. F. Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Afonso G. Abreu
- Laboratório de Patogenicidade Microbiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (I.F.S.F.); (L.G.A.); (R.G.A.); (I.L.D.); (F.S.R.); (C.S.R.); (L.S.R.A.); (M.A.F.); (S.F.C.); (L.C.N.d.S.); (J.C.d.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (J.R.N.); (E.M.d.S.); (F.R.F.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Microbiana, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Dietary Supplements in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A New Hope? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030625. [PMID: 35276984 PMCID: PMC8838672 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the main and most prevalent side effects of chemotherapy, significantly affecting the quality of life of patients and the course of chemotherapeutic treatment. Nevertheless, despite its prevalence, the management of the CIPN is considered particularly challenging, with this condition often being perceived as very difficult or even impossible to prevent with currently available agents. Therefore, it is imperative to find better options for patients diagnosed with this condition. While the search for the new agents must continue, another opportunity should be taken into consideration—repurposing of the already known medications. As proposed, acetyl-L-carnitine, vitamins (group B and E), extracts of medical plants, including goshajinkigan, curcumin and others, unsaturated fatty acids, as well as the diet composed of so-called “sirtuin-activating foods”, could change the typical way of treatment of CIPN, improve the quality of life of patients and maintain the continuity of chemotherapy. This review summarizes currently available data regarding mentioned above agents and evaluates the rationale behind future research focused on their efficacy in CIPN.
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15
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Soares GABE, Bhattacharya T, Chakrabarti T, Tagde P, Cavalu S. Exploring Pharmacological Mechanisms of Essential Oils on the Central Nervous System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010021. [PMID: 35009027 PMCID: PMC8747111 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have been traditionally used as ancient remedies to treat many health disorders due to their enormous biological activities. As mainstream allopathic medication currently used for CNS disorders is associated with adverse effects, the search to obtain safer alternatives as compared to the currently marketed therapies is of tremendous significance. Research conducted suggests that concurrent utilization of allopathic medicines and EOs is synergistically beneficial. Due to their inability to show untoward effects, various scientists have tried to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms by which these oils exert beneficial effects on the CNS. In this regard, our review aims to improve the understanding of EOs' biological activity on the CNS and to highlight the significance of the utilization of EOs in neuronal disorders, thereby improving patient acceptability of EOs as therapeutic agents. Through data compilation from library searches and electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, etc., recent preclinical and clinical data, routes of administration, and the required or maximal dosage for the observation of beneficial effects are addressed. We have also highlighted the challenges that require attention for further improving patient compliance, research gaps, and the development of EO-based nanomedicine for targeted therapy and pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle A. Borges e Soares
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA;
| | - Tanima Bhattacharya
- Innovation, Incubation & Industry (I-Cube) Laboratory, Techno India NJR Institute of Technology, Udaipur 313003, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Science & Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Tulika Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemistry, Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur 313601, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University Bhopal, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India;
- PRISAL Foundation (Pharmaceutical Royal International Society), Bhopal 462042, India
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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Contrada M, Cerasa A, Tonin P, Bagetta G, Scuteri D. Aromatherapy in Stroke Patients: Is it Time to Begin? Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:749353. [PMID: 34955776 PMCID: PMC8692756 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.749353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second largest cause of death worldwide, causing disease with long-term consequences and considerable healthcare costs. The application of new nursing interventions aimed at reducing distressing behaviors and at increasing patient comfort is an important part of the care and, until now, there are no defined guidelines. Aromatherapy has been demonstrated to be efficient in several other neurological disorders for the treatment of somatic and emotional diseases and to promote patient health. In the management of stroke patients, aromatherapy is still in its infancy. The first evidence coming from animal models demonstrated a consistent and reliable neuroprotective effect in reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In the last few years, some preliminary data being to be collected in humans revealed significant influence in reducing patients' pain and emotional distress. In this perspective study, we sought to summarize, for the first time, the main findings emerging from this new field of study, discussing the future opportunities to be translated into primary care practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Contrada
- S.Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
| | - Antonio Cerasa
- S.Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
- IRIB, National Research Council, Messina, Italy
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Paolo Tonin
- S.Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
| | - Giacinto Bagetta
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Damiana Scuteri
- S.Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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Azadi R, Mousavi SE, Kazemi NM, Yousefi-Manesh H, Rezayat SM, Jaafari MR. Anti-inflammatory efficacy of Berberine Nanomicelle for improvement of cerebral ischemia: formulation, characterization and evaluation in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion rat model. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:54. [PMID: 34600570 PMCID: PMC8487542 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid that possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with low oral bioavailability. In this study, micelle formulation of BBR was investigated to improve therapeutic efficacy and examined its effect on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in cerebral ischemia in the animal model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nano formulation was prepared by thin-film hydration method, and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) and Simulated Intestine Fluid (SIF). Then, Wistar rats were pretreated with the drug (100 mg/kg) and nano-drug (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg) for 14 days. Then, on the fourteenth day, stroke induction was accomplished by Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO); after that, Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin - 1 Beta (IL-1ß), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the supernatant of the whole brain, then the anti-inflammatory effect of BBR formulations was examined. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Micelles were successfully formed with appropriate characteristics and smaller sizes than 20 nm. The Poly Dispersity Index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficacy of micelles was 0.227, - 22 mV, 81%, respectively. Also, the stability of nano micelles was higher in SGF as compared to SIF. Our outcomes of TNF-a, IL-1B, and MDA evaluation show a significant ameliorating effect of the Berberine (BBR) and BBR-loaded micelles in pretreated groups. CONCLUSION Our experimental data show that pretreated groups in different doses (nano BBR 100, 75, 50 mg/kg, and BBR 100 mg/kg) successfully showed decreased levels of the inflammatory factors in cerebral ischemia compared with the stroke group and pretreated group with nano BBR in the dose of 25 mg/kg. Nano BBR formulation with a lower dose can be a better candidate than conventional BBR formulation to reduce oxidative and inflammatory factors in cerebral ischemia. Therefore, BBR-loaded micelle formulation could be a promising protective agent on cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roza Azadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Elaheh Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Negar Motakef Kazemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Yousefi-Manesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kuru Bektaşoğlu P, Koyuncuoğlu T, Demir D, Sucu G, Akakın D, Peker Eyüboğlu İ, Yüksel M, Çelikoğlu E, Yeğen BÇ, Gürer B. Neuroprotective Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Secondary Brain Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury in a Rat Model. World Neurosurg 2021; 153:e392-e402. [PMID: 34224887 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a rat model. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (n = 9), TBI (n = 9), vehicle (0.1% Tween 80; n = 8), and CA (100 mg/kg) (n = 9). TBI was induced by the weight-drop model. In brain tissues, myeloperoxidase activity and the levels of luminol-enhanced and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence were measured. Interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, tumor growth factor β, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 were evaluated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Brain injury was histopathologically graded after hematoxylin-eosin staining. Y-maze and novel object recognition tests were performed before TBI and within 24 hours of TBI. RESULTS Higher myeloperoxidase activity levels in the TBI group (P < 0.001) were suppressed in the CA group (P < 0.05). Luminol-enhanced and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, which were increased in the TBI group (P < 0.001, for both), were decreased in the group that received CA treatment (P < 0.001 for both). Compared with the increased histologic damage scores in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus of the TBI group (P < 0.001), scores of the CA group were lower (P < 0.001). Decreased number of entries and spontaneous alternation percentage in the Y-maze test of the TBI group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) were not evident in the CA group. CONCLUSIONS CA has shown neuroprotective effects by limiting neutrophil recruitment, suppressing reactive oxygen species and reducing histologic damage and acute hippocampal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Kuru Bektaşoğlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Türkan Koyuncuoğlu
- Department of Physiology, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilan Demir
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kırdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Sucu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Akakın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İrem Peker Eyüboğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Marmara University Vocational School of Health-Related Services, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Çelikoğlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bora Gürer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Evaluating the Impact of Viola spathulata in A Rat Model of Brain Ischemia/Reperfusion by Influencing Expression Level of Caspase-3 and Cyclooxygenase-2. PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/phypha.26.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Effect of cinnamon on antioxidant content and ZO-1 gene expression in brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats receiving high-fat diet. PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/phypha.27.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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The Extracts of Angelica sinensis and Cinnamomum cassia from Oriental Medicinal Foods Regulate Inflammatory and Autophagic Pathways against Neural Injury after Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9663208. [PMID: 34257822 PMCID: PMC8257381 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9663208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study indicates inflammation and autophagy are closely related to neural apoptosis in the pathology of ischemic stroke. In the study, we investigate the effects and mechanisms of the extracts of Angelica sinensis and Cinnamomum cassia (AC) from oriental medicinal foods on inflammatory and autophagic pathways in rat permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Three doses of AC extract were, respectively, administered for 7 days. It suggests that AC extract treatment ameliorated scores of motor and sensory functions and ratio of glucose utilization in thalamic lesions in a dose-dependent manner. Expression of Iba1 was decreased and CD206 was increased by immunofluorescence staining, western blotting results showed expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated-IKKβ and IκBα, nuclear P65, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 were downregulated, and Beclin 1 and LC3 II were upregulated. Low concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were presented by ELISA assay. Additionally, caspase 8 and cleaved caspase-3 expressions and the number of TUNEL positive cells in ipsilateral hemisphere were decreased, while the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was increased. Simultaneously, in LPS-induced BV2 cells, it showed nuclear P65 translocation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines were suppressed by AC extract-contained cerebrospinal fluid, and its intervened effects were similar to TLR4 siRNA treatment. Our study demonstrates that AC extract treatment attenuates inflammatory response and elevates autophagy against neural apoptosis, which contributes to the improvement of neurological function poststroke. Therefore, AC extract may be a novel neuroprotective agent by regulation of inflammatory and autophagic pathways for ischemic stroke treatment.
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22
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Targeting Common Signaling Pathways for the Treatment of Stroke and Alzheimer's: a Comprehensive Review. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1589-1612. [PMID: 34169405 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two inter-related disorders that affect the neurons in the brain and central nervous system. Alzheimer's is a disease by undefined origin and causes. Stroke and its most common type, ischemic stroke (IS), occurs due to the blockade of cerebral blood vessels. As an important feature, both of disorders are associated with irreversible damages to the brain and nervous system. In this regard, finding common signaling pathways and the same molecular origin between these two diseases may be a promising way for their solution. On the basis of literature appraisal, the most common signaling cascades implicated in the pathogenesis of AD and stroke including notch, autophagy, inflammatory, and insulin signaling pathways were reviewed. Furthermore, current therapeutic strategies including natural and synthetic pharmaceuticals aiming modulation of respective signaling factors were scrutinized to ameliorate neural deficits in AD and stroke. Taken together, digging deeper in the common connections and signal targeting can be greatly helpful in understanding and unified treating of these disorders.
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23
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Catorce MN, Gevorkian G. Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Nutraceuticals in LPS-induced Mouse Neuroinflammation Model: An Update. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:636-654. [PMID: 31934839 PMCID: PMC7457421 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200114125628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that peripheral infections, accompanied by inflammation, represent significant risk factors for the development of neurological disorders by modifying brain development or affecting normal brain aging. The acute effects of systemic inflammation on progressive and persistent brain damage and cognitive impairment are well documented. Anti-inflammatory therapies may have beneficial effects on the brain, and the protective properties of a wide range of synthetic and natural compounds have been extensively explored in recent years. In our previous review, we provided an extensive analysis of one of the most important and widely-used animal models of peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. We addressed the data reproducibility in published research and summarized basic features and data on the therapeutic potential of various natural products, nutraceuticals, with known anti-inflammatory effects, for reducing neuroinflammation in this model. Here, recent data on the suitability of the LPS-induced murine neuroinflammation model for preclinical assessment of a large number of nutraceuticals belonging to different groups of natural products such as flavonoids, terpenes, non-flavonoid polyphenols, glycosides, heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, organosulfur compounds and xanthophylls, are summarized. Also, the proposed mechanisms of action of these molecules are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Nava Catorce
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Goar Gevorkian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico DF, Mexico
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24
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Lammari N, Louaer O, Meniai AH, Fessi H, Elaissari A. Plant oils: From chemical composition to encapsulated form use. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120538. [PMID: 33781879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a burgeoning global movement towards essential and vegetable oils in the food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries thanks to their natural and safe status, broad acceptance by consumers, and versatile functional properties. However, efforts to develop new therapy or functional agents based on plant oils have met with challenges of limited stability and/or reduced efficacy. As a result, there has been increased research interest in the encapsulation of plant oils, whereby the nanocarriers serve as barrier between plant oils and the environment and control oil release leading to improved efficacy, reduced toxicity and enhanced patient compliance and convenience. In this review, special concern has been addressed to the encapsulation of essential and vegetable oils in three types of nanocarriers: polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. First, the chemical composition of essential and vegetable oils was handled. Moreover, we gather together the research findings reported by the literature regarding the different techniques used to generate these nanocarriers with their significant findings. Finally, differences and similarities between these nanocarriers are discussed, along with current and future applications that are warranted by their structures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narimane Lammari
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory, University Constantine 3, Salah Boubnider, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ouahida Louaer
- Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory, University Constantine 3, Salah Boubnider, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Abdeslam Hassen Meniai
- Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory, University Constantine 3, Salah Boubnider, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hatem Fessi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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25
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Ahmed WMS, Abdel-Azeem NM, Ibrahim MA, Helmy NA, Radi AM. Neuromodulatory effect of cinnamon oil on behavioural disturbance, CYP1A1, iNOStranscripts and neurochemical alterations induced by deltamethrin in rat brain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111820. [PMID: 33385678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of deltamethrin (DLM)on brain function and to find whether DLM-induced neurotoxicity is prevented by the treatment with cinnamon oil. Four groups of ten Wistar albino male rats each were used. Group I (control) received saline only. Group II received cinnamon oil alone at 0.5 mg/kg B.W. intraperitonally, whereas Group III received orally DLM alone at 6 mg/kg B.W. Groups IV was treated with cinnamon oil plus DLM for 21 days to induce neurotoxicity. Rat behaviour, brain acetylcholine esterase (AChE), serotonin, oxidative stress profile were assessed. Serum sampling for the assessment of corticosterone concentration was also carried out. Finally, we demonstrate the gene expression of CYP1A1 and iNOS and the histological picture of the brain. Considering the behaviour assessment, DLM administration alone caused neurobehavioral deficits manifested by anxiety-like behavior which represented ina marked decrease in the sleeping frequency and duration, and marked increase the digging frequency and a wake non-active behavior duration. Moreover, the open field result showed a significant decrease in central square entries and duration. The neurochemical analysis revealed that DLM significantly suppressed AChE activity and elevated serotonin and corticosterone concentrations. Furthermore, results revealed thatthe brain reduced glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were significantly altered in DLM treated rats. Neurochemical disturbances were confirmed by histopathological changes in the brain. Furthermore, DLM up-regulates the mRNA expression of brain CYP1A1 and iNOS. Co-treatment with cinnamon oil exhibited significant improvement in behavioural performance and the brain antioxidant capacities with an increase in AChE activity and diminished the concentration of serotonin, serum corticosterone and MDA. Cinnamon oil treatment resulted in down-regulation of CYP1A1 and iNOS and improve the histologically picture. In conclusion, cinnamon oil ameliorated DLM-induced neurotoxicity through preventing oxidative stress-induced genotoxicity and apoptosis of brain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Abdel-Azeem
- Department of Animal and Poultry Management and Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Helmy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Radi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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26
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Chen LL, Shen YC, Ke CC, Imtiyaz Z, Chen HI, Chang CH, Lee MH. Efficacy of cinnamon patch treatment for alleviating symptoms of overactive bladder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153380. [PMID: 33091856 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current treatments for overactive bladder (OAB) have limited efficacy, low persistence and a high rate of adverse events commonly leading to treatment cessation in clinical practice. Clinicians in Asia commonly use traditional Chinese medicine as an alternative for OAB treatment despite it having uncertain efficacy and safety. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cinnamon patch (CP) treatment for alleviating symptoms of OAB, a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in the present study. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this 6-week randomized clinical trial conducted in an outpatient setting, 66 subjects diagnosed as having OAB were enrolled and treated with a placebo (n=33) or CP (n=33). The OAB symptom score (OABSS) was selected as the primary end point, and a patient perception of bladder condition (PPBC), an urgency severity scale (USS), and post-voiding residual urine (PVR) volume were selected as secondary end points. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Groups were compared using an independent sample t-test, Fisher exact test, and Chi-squared test. RESULTS In total, 66 participants (40 women and 26 men), 60.35 ± 12.77 years of age, were included in the intention-to-treat analyses. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the CP (n ==33) and placebo (n ==33) groups. Treatment with a CP showed statistically significant differences in reductions in OABSS scores (9.70 ± 2.20 to 6.33 ± 2.42), PPBC scores (3.36 ± 0.60 to 2.15 ± 0.83), and USS scores (2.67 ± 0.54 to 1.64 ± 0.60). CONCLUSIONS Compared to a placebo, treatment with CP might be considered an effective and safe complementary therapy for OAB. Further studies employing a positive control, different dosage forms, larger sample sizes, and longer treatment periods are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lih-Lian Chen
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, 399 Fuxing Road, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chiang Shen
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Mingde Road, Taipei 11219, Taiwan; National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Linong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Ke
- Department of Urology, En Chu Kong Hospital, 399 Fuxing Road, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan
| | - Zuha Imtiyaz
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-I Chen
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, 399 Fuxing Road, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261 Wenhua 1st road, Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Center for Reproductive Medicine & Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wuxing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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27
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Park C, Lee H, Hong S, Molagoda IMN, Jeong JW, Jin CY, Kim GY, Choi SH, Hong SH, Choi YH. Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses by Trans-cinnamaldehyde in C2C12 Myoblasts. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2480-2492. [PMID: 34104079 PMCID: PMC8176176 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.59169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Trans-cinnamaldehyde (tCA), a bioactive component found in Cinnamomum cassia, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, but its efficacy in muscle cells has yet to be found. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of tCA on inflammatory and oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in C2C12 mouse skeletal myoblasts. Methods: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of tCA in LPS-treated C2C12 cells, we measured the levels of pro-inflammatory mediator, cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). To elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect of tCA, the expression of genes involved in the expression of inflammatory and oxidative regulators was also investigated. We further evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of tCA against LPS in the zebrafish model. Results: tCA significantly inhibited the LPS-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, which was associated with decreased expression of their regulatory genes. tCA also suppressed the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor, and attenuated the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and the binding of LPS to TLR4 on the cell surface in LPS-treated C2C12 cells. Furthermore, tCA abolished LPS-induced generation of ROS and expression levels of ROS producing enzymes, NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) and NOX2. However, tCA enhanced the activation of nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in LPS-stimulated C2C12 myoblasts. In addition, tCA showed strong protective effects against NO and ROS production in LPS-injected zebrafish larvae. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that tCA exerts its inhibitory ability against LPS-induced inflammatory and antioxidant stress in C2C12 myoblasts by targeting the TLR4/NF-κB, which might be mediated by the NOXs and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Lee
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Hong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Choi
- Department of System Management, Korea Lift College, Geochang 50141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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28
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Almoiliqy M, Wen J, Qaed E, Sun Y, Lian M, Mousa H, Al-Azab M, Zaky MY, Chen D, Wang L, AL-Sharabi A, Liu Z, Sun P, Lin Y. Protective Effects of Cinnamaldehyde against Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Lung and Liver Injuries in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4196548. [PMID: 33381264 PMCID: PMC7748914 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4196548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize and reveal the protective effects of cinnamaldehyde (CA) against mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion- (I/R-) induced lung and liver injuries and the related mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley (SPD) rats were pretreated for three days with 10 or 40 mg/kg/d, ig of CA, and then induced with mesenteric ischemia for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h. The results indicated that pretreatment with 10 or 40 mg/kg of CA attenuated morphological damage in both lung and liver tissues of mesenteric I/R-injured rats. CA pretreatment significantly restored the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in mesenteric I/R-injured liver tissues, indicating the improvement of hepatic function. CA also significantly attenuated the inflammation via reducing myeloperoxidase (MOP) activity and downregulating the expression of inflammation-related proteins, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and tumor necrosis factor receptor type-2 (TNFR-2) in both lung and liver tissues of mesenteric I/R-injured rats. Pretreatment with CA significantly downregulated nuclear factor kappa B- (NF-κB-) related protein expressions (NF-κB p65, NF-κB p50, I kappa B alpha (IK-α), and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKKβ)) in both lung and liver tissues of mesenteric I/R-injured rats. CA also significantly downregulated the protein expression of p53 family members, including caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and p53, and restored Bcl-2 in both lung and liver tissues of mesenteric I/R-injured rats. CA pretreatment significantly reduced TUNEL-apoptotic cells and significantly inhibited p53 and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation in both lung and liver tissues of mesenteric I/R-injured rats. CA neither induced pulmonary and hepatic histological alterations nor affected the parameters of inflammation and apoptosis in sham rats. We conclude that CA alleviated mesenteric I/R-induced pulmonary and hepatic injuries via attenuating apoptosis and inflammation through inhibition of NF-κB and p53 pathways in rats, suggesting the potential role of CA in remote organ ischemic injury protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Almoiliqy
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Key Lab of Aromatic Plant Resources Exploitation and Utilization in Sichuan Higher Education, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000 Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Eskandar Qaed
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuchao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mengqiao Lian
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haithm Mousa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mahmoud Al-Azab
- Department of Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Mohamed Y. Zaky
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
- Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Abdulkarem AL-Sharabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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29
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Qubty D, Rubovitch V, Benromano T, Ovadia M, Pick CG. Orally Administered Cinnamon Extract Attenuates Cognitive and Neuronal Deficits Following Traumatic Brain Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:178-186. [PMID: 32901372 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present paper shows how cinnamon extract (CE) consumption mitigates neuronal loss and memory impairment following traumatic brain injury (TBI), one of the world's most common neurodegenerative diseases. TBI patients suffer short- and long-term behavioral, cognitive, and emotional impairments, including difficulties in concentration, memory loss, and depression. Research shows that CE application can mitigate cognitive and behavioral impairments in animal models for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, whose pathophysiology is similar to that of TBI. This study builds on prior research by showing similar results in TBI mice models. After drinking CE for a week, mice were injured using our 70-g weight drop TBI device. For 2 weeks thereafter, the mice continued drinking CE alongside standard lab nutrition. Subsequently, the mice underwent behavioral tests to assess their memory, motor activity, and anxiety. The mice brains were harvested for immunohistochemistry staining to evaluate overall neuronal survival. Our results show that CE consumption almost completely mitigates memory impairment and decreases neuronal loss after TBI. Mice that did not consume CE demonstrated impaired memory. Our results also show that CE consumption attenuated neuronal loss in the temporal cortex and the dentate gyrus. Mice that did not consume CE suffered a significant neuronal loss. There were no significant differences in anxiety levels and motor activity between all groups. These findings show a new therapeutic approach to improve cognitive function and decrease memory loss after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Qubty
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Benromano
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Ovadia
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. .,The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. .,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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30
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Ghaffari S, Ghobadi A, Jamshidi AH, Mortazavi SH, Naderi S, Aqamolaei A, Mortezaei A, Sahebolzamani E, Shamabadi A, Jalilvand S, Daraei B, Shalbafan MR, Akhondzadeh S. Cinnamomum tamala as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with placebo control. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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31
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Almoiliqy M, Wen J, Xu B, Sun YC, Lian MQ, Li YL, Qaed E, Al-Azab M, Chen DP, Shopit A, Wang L, Sun PY, Lin Y. Cinnamaldehyde protects against rat intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injuries by synergistic inhibition of NF-κB and p53. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1208-1222. [PMID: 32238887 PMCID: PMC7609352 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our preliminary study shows that cinnamaldehyde (CA) could protect against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, in which p53 and NF-κB p65 play a synergistic role. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to verify this proposal. SD rats were pretreated with CA (10 or 40 mg · kg−1 · d−1, ig) for 3 days, then subjected to 1 h mesenteric ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion. CA pretreatment dose-dependently ameliorated morphological damage and reduced inflammation evidenced by decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels and MPO activity in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. CA pretreatment also attenuated oxidative stress through restoring SOD, GSH, LDH, and MDA levels in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. Furthermore, CA pretreatment significantly reduced the expression of inflammation/apoptosis-related NF-κB p65, IKKβ, IK-α, and NF-κB p50, and downregulated apoptotic protein expression including p53, Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3, and restoring Bcl-2, in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. We pretreated IEC-6 cells in vitro with CA for 24 h, followed by 4 h hypoxia and 3 h reoxygenation (H/R) incubation. Pretreatment with CA (3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 μmol · L−1) significantly reversed H/R-induced reduction of IEC-6 cell viability. CA pretreatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress, NF-κB activation and apoptosis in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. Moreover, CA pretreatment significantly reversed mitochondrial dysfunction in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. CA pretreatment inhibited the nuclear translocation of p53 and NF-κB p65 in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. Double knockdown or overexpression of p53 and NF-κB p65 caused a synergistic reduction or elevation of p53 compared with knockdown or overexpression of p53 or NF-κB p65 alone. In H/R-treated IEC-6 cells with double knockdown or overexpression of NF-κB p65 and p53, CA pretreatment caused neither further decrease nor increase of NF-κB p65 or p53 expression, suggesting that CA-induced synergistic inhibition on both NF-κB and p53 played a key role in ameliorating intestinal I/R injuries. Finally, we used immunoprecipitation assay to demonstrate an interaction between p53 and NF-κB p65, showing the basis for CA-induced synergistic inhibition. Our results provide valuable information for further studies.
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Lizarraga-Valderrama LR. Effects of essential oils on central nervous system: Focus on mental health. Phytother Res 2020; 35:657-679. [PMID: 32860651 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils have been used as remedies since ancient times for the treatment of numerous illnesses on account of their wide range of biological activities. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown varying pharmacological responses in the nervous system leading to anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative, and anticonvulsant effects. Experimentation in animal models has evidenced the involvement of multiple neurotransmitter systems in the mode of action of essential oils, resulting in measurable physiological effects in the brain. Additionally, clinical trials have demonstrated the influence of essential oils in physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, brain waves composition, and cortisol serum levels with concomitant psychological effects. Although there is growing evidence of measurable effects of essential oils in animal brains, more clinical research is required to validate their influence in the human central nervous system. This will enable the development of essential oil-based drugs for the treatment of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena R Lizarraga-Valderrama
- Research and Innovation, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Made for Life Organics, Cornwall, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
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Pekoglu E, Buyukakilli B, Turkseven CH, Balli E, Bayrak G, Cimen B, Balci S. Effects of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde on Reperfused Ischemic Skeletal Muscle and the Relationship to Laminin. J INVEST SURG 2020; 34:1329-1338. [PMID: 32752972 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1802538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a serious problem caused by vascular trauma, tourniquet use and/or compartment syndrome. Studies have reported that skeletal muscle function is impaired due to the lower extremity I-R injury. There are insufficient studies on the treatment methods used for the recovery of dysfunction. This study is designed to investigate the effects of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA), a volatile oil of cinnamon structure, on the contractile dysfunction due to I-R injury of rat extensor-digitorum-longus (EDL) muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Except for the animals in the control group, all animals received saline (3-ml/kg) or TCA solution (30-mg/kg) which was administered orally three times with an 8-h interval before ischemia. After 24-hours, experimental groups were subjected to 3-h of lower extremity ischemia followed by 5-h reperfusion period. Then, the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and mechanical activity of muscle were recorded using the standard electro-biophysical techniques. RESULTS There was a decrease in the maximum contractile force in I-R group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Oxidative damage indicator (MDA) and antioxidant indicator (CAT) increased in the EDL muscle and serum samples in the I-R group (p < 0.05). Laminin expression showed a reduction in the I-R group (p < 0.05). It was seen that TCA achieve again the maximum contraction force in the EDL muscle (p < 0.05) and maintain the expression of laminin (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION We concluded that TCA has a potential protective effect with antioxidant effects against I-R injury and may maintain laminin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Pekoglu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Belgin Buyukakilli
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Ebru Balli
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gulsen Bayrak
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Burak Cimen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Senay Balci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Jahromi Z, Mohammadghasemi F, Moharrami Kasmaie F, Zaminy A. Cinnamaldehyde Enhanced Functional Recovery after Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury in Rats. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 209:43-53. [PMID: 32392570 DOI: 10.1159/000507016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical issue induced by trauma, tumor, and damage caused by treatment. Such factors create chemical and inflammatory alterations at the injury site, which increase nerve deterioration. Thus, minimizing these modifications can lead to nerve protection after injury. The present study sought to evaluate the possible improvement in nerve regeneration and enhancement of functional outcomes by cinnamaldehyde (Cin) administration following sciatic nerve crush in a rat model. Rats (n = 48) were distributed into 6 groups, including sham, injury, DMSO (vehicle group), and Cin groups (10, 30, and 90 mg/kg/day). Using small hemostatic forceps, crush injury was induced in the left sciatic nerve. Thereafter, Cin was administered for 28 successive days. Weekly records were taken for sciatic functional index (SFI) measurements. Further assessments including electrophysiological and histomorphometric evaluations, gastrocnemius muscle wet weight measurements, and estimation of the serum total oxidant status were performed. According to the results, Cin could accelerate sciatic nerve recovery after crush injury, and the dose of 30 mg/kg/day of Cin had better impacts on SFI recovery, muscle mass ratio, and myelin content. The current research demonstrated that Cin positively affects peripheral nerve restoration. Therefore, Cin therapy could be considered as a potential treatment method for peripheral nerve regeneration and its functional recovery. However, more investigations are required to further validate the study results and evaluate the optimal dose of Cin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Jahromi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Mohammadghasemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Arash Zaminy
- Neuroscience Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,
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trans-Cinnamaldehyde Reverses Depressive-Like Behaviors in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Rats by Inhibiting NF- κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4572185. [PMID: 32328132 PMCID: PMC7155764 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4572185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
trans-Cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is the main active component extracted from Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia), which has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammation, lowering blood glucose, and improving nerve function. However, there is no report of TCA in the treatment of depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effect of TCA and the mechanism of NF kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition by TCA. We divided 40 rats into the control group, CUMS group, FLU group, and the TCA group. The activation of the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats in each group was observed. After the treatments with FLU and TCA, the sucrose consumptions in rats increased significantly and the immobility time in forced swimming was decreased significantly compared to the CUMS group. The expression of TLR4, NF-κB-1, p-p65, TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 proteins in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was decreased, and the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in serum was downregulated compared to the CUMS group. Similar to FLU, TCA reverses the depression-like behaviors in rats, which indicates that TCA has a significant antidepressant-like effect. The mechanism of the antidepressant property of TCA might be that it inhibits the activation of the NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of CUMS rats.
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Rashwan AS, El-Beltagy MA, Saleh SY, Ibrahim IA. Potential role of cinnamaldehyde and costunolide to counteract metabolic syndrome induced by excessive fructose consumption. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-019-0025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
One of the serious public health problems in the world is metabolic syndrome. It includes visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. As a contributor to almost all the classic signs of metabolic syndrome, fructose was the ideal choice. There are certain shortcomings with existing drugs for insulin-resistant treatment. Plants still represent the main source of most available medicines. Cinnamaldehyde (CNA) is an active principle of Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Costunolide (CE) is natural sesquiterpene lactones, which is the main bioactive constituent of Saussurea lappa. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the synthetic antidiabetic agent (metformin) in comparison with natural constituents (cinnamaldehyde, costunolide) after developing a reliable model for insulin resistance by using high fructose diet (HFD).
Results
It was found that HFD increased plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1c, serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT, AST, creatinine, and uric acid. Moreover, HFD decreased hepatic reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. While oral administration of cinnamaldehyde and costunolide significantly decreased plasma glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and increased level of hepatic reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity. Also, cinnamaldehyde and costunolide restored the altered plasma levels of ALT, AST, creatinine, and uric acid to normal.
Conclusions
The results of this experimental study showed that cinnamaldehyde and costunolide could be used as safe drugs for treating different abnormalities of metabolic syndrome.
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Gürer B, Kertmen H, Kuru Bektaşoğlu P, Öztürk ÖÇ, Bozkurt H, Karakoç A, Arıkök AT, Çelikoğlu E. The effects of Cinnamaldehyde on early brain injury and cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1737-1746. [PMID: 31444631 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective and vasodilatory effects of cinnamaldehyde have been widely studied and documented. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that cinnamaldehyde exhibits therapeutic effects on subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced early brain injury and cerebral vasospasm. Thirty-two adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of eight rabbits: control, subarachnoid hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage + vehicle, and subarachnoid hemorrhage + cinnamaldehyde. An intraperitoneal dose of 50 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde was administered 5 min following an intracisternal blood injection, followed by three further daily injections at identical doses. The animals were sacrificed 72 h after subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced. The cross-sectional areas and arterial wall thicknesses of the basilar artery were measured and hippocampal degeneration scores were evaluated. Treatment with cinnamaldehyde was effective in providing neuroprotection and attenuating cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. It effectively increased the cross-sectional areas of the basilar artery and reduced the arterial wall thickness; in addition, hippocampal degeneration scores were lower in the cinnamaldehyde group. The findings of this study showed, for the first time to our knowledge, that cinnamaldehyde exhibits neuroprotective activity against subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced early brain injury and that it can prevent vasospasm. Potential mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection and vasodilation were discussed. Cinnamaldehyde could play a role in subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Gürer
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Zümrütevler mh. Emek cad. Nish Adalar Sitesi 36. Blok Daire 38, 34852, Maltepe, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hayri Kertmen
- Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kuru Bektaşoğlu
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Zümrütevler mh. Emek cad. Nish Adalar Sitesi 36. Blok Daire 38, 34852, Maltepe, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özden Çağlar Öztürk
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Zümrütevler mh. Emek cad. Nish Adalar Sitesi 36. Blok Daire 38, 34852, Maltepe, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Bozkurt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | | | - Ata Türker Arıkök
- Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erhan Çelikoğlu
- Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Health Sciences, Zümrütevler mh. Emek cad. Nish Adalar Sitesi 36. Blok Daire 38, 34852, Maltepe, İstanbul, Turkey
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Sharma A, Kumar Y. Nature's Derivative(s) as Alternative Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Treatments. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2019; 3:279-297. [PMID: 31867567 PMCID: PMC6918879 DOI: 10.3233/adr-190137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the 'Plague of Twenty-First Century,' is a crippling neurodegenerative disease that affects a majority of the older population globally. By 2050, the incidence of AD is expected to rise to 135 million, while no treatment(s) that can reverse or control the progression of AD are currently available. The treatment(s) in use are limited in their ability to manage the symptoms or slow the progression of the disease and can lead to some severe side effects. The overall care is economically burdensome for the affected individuals as well as the caretakers or family members. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify and develop much safer alternative therapies that can better manage AD. This review discusses a multitude of such treatments borrowed from Ayurveda, traditional Chinese practices, meditation, and exercising for AD treatment. These therapies are in practice since ancient times and reported to be beneficial as anti-AD therapies. Ayurvedic drugs like turmeric, Brahmi, Ashwagandha, etc., management of stress by meditation, regular exercising, and acupuncture have been reported to be efficient in their anti-AD usage. Besides, a combination of vitamins and natural dietary intakes is likely to play a significant role in combating AD. We conclude that the use of such alternative strategies will be a stepping-stone in preventing, treating, curing, or managing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering (BSE), Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), Formerly Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (NSIT), Azad Hind Fauz Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Yatender Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering (BSE), Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), Formerly Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (NSIT), Azad Hind Fauz Marg, New Delhi, India
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Trans-cinnamaldehyde improves neuroinflammation-mediated NMDA receptor dysfunction and memory deficits through blocking NF-κB pathway in presenilin1/2 conditional double knockout mice. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 82:45-62. [PMID: 31376499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic neuroinflammatory response has been considered as a critical pathogenesis promoting neurodegenerative progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). During neuroinflammatory process, microglia are excessively activated and simultaneously release numerous pro-inflammatory mediators that cause synaptic dysfunction in the forebrain prior to neuronal degeneration and memory deficits in AD. Thus, prevention of neuroinflammation-mediated synaptic dysfunction may be a potential therapeutic approach against neurodegenerative disorders. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is a primary bioactive component derived from the stem bark of Cinnamomum cassia, and it possesses potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities in in vivo and in vitro experiments. However, the in-depth molecular mechanisms of TCA underlying anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects on memory deficits in AD are still unclear. The presenilin 1 and 2 conditional double knockout (PS cDKO) mice exhibit AD-like phenotypes including obvious neuroinflammatory responses and synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits. Here, PS cDKO were used to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of TCA against neuroinflammation-mediated dementia by performing behavioral tests, electrophysiological recordings and molecular biology analyses. We observed that TCA treatment reversed abnormal expression of synaptic proteins and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of PS cDKO mice. TCA treatment also ameliorated NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction including impaired NMDAR-mediated responses and long-term potentiation (LTP) induction in the hippocampus of PS cDKO mice. Moreover, TCA possesses an ability to suppress neuroinflammatory responses by diminishing microglial activation and levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of PS cDKO mice. Importantly, improving NMDAR dysfunction and memory deficits of PS cDKO mice was due to the inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses through TCA's interruptive effect on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Therefore, TCA may be a potential anti-neuroinflammatory agent for deterring neurodegenerative progression of AD.
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Ham HJ, Han JH, Lee YS, Kim KC, Yun J, Kang SK, Park Y, Kim SH, Hong JT. Bee Venom Soluble Phospholipase A2 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:287. [PMID: 31736738 PMCID: PMC6839038 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is important in the pathogenesis and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the AD brain, microglial activation and upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators both induce amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling have been implicated in AD development through their effects on neuroinflammation and microglial activation. The bee venom soluble phospholipase A2 (bv-sPLA2) enzyme is known to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of bv-sPLA2 on memory deficiency in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of AD. We examined whether bv-sPLA2 (0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/kg by i.p. injection three times for 1 week) could inhibit neuroinflammation and memory impairment in LPS-treated mice (250 μg/kg by i.p. injection daily for 1 week). We also assessed the effects of bv-sPLA2 administration (0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/ml) on LPS (1 μg/ml)-treated microglial BV-2 cells. In the LPS-injected mouse brain, sPLA2 treatment rescued memory dysfunction and decreased Aβ levels, through the downregulation of amyloidogenic proteins, and decreased the expression of inflammatory proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the LPS-mediated increase in inflammatory protein expression was attenuated bv-sPLA2 treatment in BV-2 cells. Treatment with bv-sPLA2 also downregulated signaling by NF-κB, which is considered to be an important factor in the regulation of neuroinflammatory and amyloidogenic responses, both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, co-treatment with NF-κB (5 μM) and bv-sPLA2 (0.1 μg/ml) exerted more marked anti-inflammatory effects, compared to bv-sPLA2 treatment alone. These results indicate that bv-sPLA2 inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis via inhibition of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Joo Ham
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yong Sun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Ki Cheon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Jaesuk Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Shin Kook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - YangSu Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- INISTst Company Limited, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea
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Lin J, Song Z, Chen X, Zhao R, Chen J, Chen H, Yang X, Wu Z. Trans-cinnamaldehyde shows anti-depression effect in the forced swimming test and possible involvement of the endocannabinoid system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:351-356. [PMID: 31421826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a mental disease that significantly reduces the quality of patients' life. Around 322 million people of all ages carry the heavy burden of depression on a worldwide scale, with a life-time prevalence of 20% according to the WHO. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is an excellent COX-2 inhibitor in central nervous system which is a main constituent of GUIZHI as a member of traditional Chinese herb. Furthermore, previous studies demonstrated that TCA suppressed depression-like behavior in chronic unexpected mild stress, plus maze test and open field test. However, the molecular mechanism of TCA anti-depression effect is not clear. We examined the immobility of TCA pretreated male BALB/c mice in the forced swimming test (FST). Results show that TCA (50 mg/kg, po) revealed a significant effect on reduced immobility in the FST, compared with SAL group which indicated that TCA suppressed depression-like behavior. Moreover, TCA elevated the level of 5-HT and decreased the ratio of Glu/GABA in mice hippocampus. Compared with SAL + FST group, TCA + FST group significantly decreased COX-2, TRPV1 and CB1 protein level in mice hippocampus (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that TCA treatment exerted anti-depressive effect and was able to regulate neurotransmitters in the FST. This effect may have positive influence on the endocannabinoid (eCB) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lin
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zejia Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Riji Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifeng Chen
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Yang
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongping Wu
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, China.
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Liu B, Zhang Q, Ke C, Xia Z, Luo C, Li Y, Guan X, Cao X, Xu Y, Zhao Y. Ginseng-Angelica-Sansheng-Pulvis Boosts Neurogenesis Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Neurological Deficiency. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:515. [PMID: 31191223 PMCID: PMC6549519 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The traditional Chinese medicine Ginseng-Angelica-Shanseng-Pulvis (GASP) has been used to treat stroke for 300 years. This present study investigated if it can induce increases in neurogenesis following cerebral ischemic injury. Methods Rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion were orally treated with high, medium, and low doses of a standardized GASP extract. Results After 14 days, treatment with GASP improved regional blood flow and infarction volume by magnetic resonance imaging scanning, enhanced Ki67+ expression in the subventricular zone, increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) secretion, Nestin, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2/4 expressions in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, low-dose treatment with GASP downregulated doublecortin and Notch1 expressions in the hippocampus, as well as upregulated glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in the subgranular zone and hairy and enhancer of split (Hes) 5 expression in the hippocampus, while treatment with middle and high doses of GASP reversed these results. Meanwhile, the consumed time was shortened in the basket test and the adhesive removal test and the spending time on exploring novel objects was prolonged by GASP treatment whose effects were more obvious at day 14 post-ischemia. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that treatment with GASP increases neurogenesis and ameliorates sensorimotor functions and recognition memory. We hypothesize that these effects are thought be mediated by an effect on the BMP2/4 pathway and Notch1/Hes5 signal. Due to its beneficial efficacy, GASP can be recognized as an alternative therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chienchih Ke
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Biomedical Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhenyan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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43
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Ying L, Mingzhu S, Mingju Y, Ye X, Yuechen W, Ying C, Bing G, Hongchun L, Zuobin Z. The inhibition of trans-cinnamaldehyde on the virulence of Candida albicans via enhancing farnesol secretion with low potential for the development of resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:544-550. [PMID: 31176484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of drug resistance and limitation of antifungal agents complicate the management of fungal infection. Candida albicans, as the most common fungal infection pathogen, causes candidiasis via developing its virulence factors. In this study, we found trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), known as a "Generally Regarded As Safe" (GRAS) molecule, had moderate antifungal activities against various Candida species and could retard the virulence of C. albicans in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting the adhesion, morphological transition and biofilms formation. The mechanisms investigation revealed that the inhibition of hyphae and biofilms development was caused by the increasing farnesol secretion induced by Dpp3 expression. Since drug resistance restricted the treatment of clinical fungal infection, we explored the capacity of TC to develop drug-resistance under a long time TC treatment. Results showed that TC had little chance to form resistance by a serial passage experiment. Our work illustrates the underlying mechanism of TC inhibition of morphological transition and provides a optional application in treating the relevant fungal infections by targeting fungal virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ying
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Shan Mingzhu
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Yan Mingju
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Xu Ye
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Wang Yuechen
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Chen Ying
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China
| | - Gu Bing
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Li Hongchun
- Medical Technology College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| | - Zhu Zuobin
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 214200, China.
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44
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Oveissi V, Ram M, Bahramsoltani R, Ebrahimi F, Rahimi R, Naseri R, Belwal T, Devkota HP, Abbasabadi Z, Farzaei MH. Medicinal plants and their isolated phytochemicals for the management of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: therapeutic targets and clinical perspective. Daru 2019; 27:389-406. [PMID: 30852764 PMCID: PMC6593128 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy, as one of the main approaches of cancer treatment, is accompanied with several adverse effects, including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Since current methods to control the condition are not completely effective, new treatment options should be introduced. Medicinal plants can be suitable candidates to be assessed regarding their effects in CIPN. Current paper reviews the available preclinical and clinical studies on the efficacy of herbal medicines in CIPN. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library were searched with the keywords "neuropathy" in the title/abstract and "plant", "extract", or "herb" in the whole text. Data were collected from inception until April 2018. RESULTS Plants such as chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don), and sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) as well as phytochemicals like matrine, curcumin, and thioctic acid have demonstrated beneficial effects in animal models of CIPN via prevention of axonal degeneration, decrease in total calcium level, improvement of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms such as superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione, and regulation of neural cell apoptosis, nuclear factor-ĸB, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide signaling. Also, five clinical trials have evaluated the effect of herbal products in patients with CIPN. CONCLUSIONS There are currently limited clinical evidence on medicinal plants for CIPN which shows the necessity of future mechanistic studies, as well as well-designed clinical trial for further confirmation of the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines in CIPN. Graphical abstract Schematic mechanisms of medicinal plants to prevent chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: NO: nitric oxide, TNF: tumor necrosis factor, PG: prostaglandin, NF-ĸB: nuclear factor kappa B, LPO: lipid peroxidation, ROS: reactive oxygen species, COX: cyclooxygenase, IL: interleukin, ERK: extracellular signal-related kinase, X: inhibition, ↓: induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Oveissi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobe Ram
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Ebrahimi
- Pharmacy Students' Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rozita Naseri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tarun Belwal
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, 263643, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Zahra Abbasabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Sharman MJ, Verdile G, Kirubakaran S, Parenti C, Singh A, Watt G, Karl T, Chang D, Li CG, Münch G. Targeting Inflammatory Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Natural Products and Phytomedicines. CNS Drugs 2019; 33:457-480. [PMID: 30900203 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-019-00619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have revealed key neuropathological features, such as the deposition of aggregates of insoluble amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). These pathological protein deposits, including Aβ peptides (which form senile plaques) and hyperphosphorylated tau (which aggregates into NFTs), have been assumed to be 'the cause of AD'. Aβ has been extensively targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but with limited clinical success. Emerging therapies are also now targeting further pathological processes in AD, including neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the inflammatory and oxidative stress-related changes that occur in AD, and discusses some emerging anti-inflammatory natural products and phytomedicines. Many of the promising compounds are cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs), which target the proinflammatory AP1 and nuclear factor-κB signalling pathways and inhibit the expression of many proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, or nitric oxide produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase. However, many of these phytomedicines have not been tested in rigorous clinical trials in AD patients. It is not yet clear if the active compounds reach an effective concentration in the brain (due to limited bioavailability) or if they can slow down AD progression in long-term trials. The authors suggest that it is crucial for both the pharmacological and complementary medicine industries to conduct and fund those studies to significantly advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Sharman
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Shanmugam Kirubakaran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Cristina Parenti
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Ahilya Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Georgina Watt
- Department of Behavioural Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- Department of Behavioural Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.,School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia. .,NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia. .,Pharmacology Unit, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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46
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Asghari A, Hosseini M, Khordad E, Alipour F, Marefati N, Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan A. Hippocampal apoptosis of the neonates born from TiO2 nanoparticles-exposed rats is mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1570269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asghari
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Khordad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Narges Marefati
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Poh L, Kang SW, Baik SH, Ng GYQ, She DT, Balaganapathy P, Dheen ST, Magnus T, Gelderblom M, Sobey CG, Koo EH, Fann DY, Arumugam TV. Evidence that NLRC4 inflammasome mediates apoptotic and pyroptotic microglial death following ischemic stroke. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 75:34-47. [PMID: 30195027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world and a major cause of long-term disability. Recent evidence has provided insight into a newly described inflammatory mechanism that contributes to neuronal and glial cell death, and impaired neurological outcome following ischemic stroke - a form of sterile inflammation involving innate immune complexes termed inflammasomes. It has been established that inflammasome activation following ischemic stroke contributes to neuronal cell death, but little is known about inflammasome function and cell death in activated microglial cells following cerebral ischemia. Microglia are considered the resident immune cells that function as the primary immune defense in the brain. This study has comprehensively investigated the expression and activation of NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasomes in isolates of microglial cells subjected to simulated ischemic conditions and in the brain following ischemic stroke. Immunoblot analysis from culture media indicated microglial cells release inflammasome components and inflammasome activation-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines following ischemic conditions. In addition, a functional role for NLRC4 inflammasomes was determined using siRNA knockdown of NLRC4 and pharmacological inhibitors of caspase-1 and -8 to target apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death in BV2 microglial cells under ischemic conditions. In summary, the present study provides evidence that the NLRC4 inflammasome complex mediates the inflammatory response, as well as apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death in microglial cells under in vitro and in vivo ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Poh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sung-Wook Kang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sang-Ha Baik
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Yong Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David T She
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Priyanka Balaganapathy
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Gelderblom
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christopher G Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Y Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Neurobiology/Ageing Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Abou El-ezz D, Maher A, Sallam N, El-brairy A, Kenawy S. Trans-cinnamaldehyde Modulates Hippocampal Nrf2 Factor and Inhibits Amyloid Beta Aggregation in LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2333-2342. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2656-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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49
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Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of galangin in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia through regulation of IL-1β production and the NF-κB signaling pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 451:145-153. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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50
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Asghari A, Hosseini M, Beheshti F, Shafei MN, Mehri S. Inducible nitric oxide inhibitor aminoguanidine, ameliorated oxidative stress, interleukin-6 concentration and improved brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the brain tissues of neonates born from titanium dioxide nanoparticles exposed rats. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:3962-3973. [PMID: 29788817 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1480602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: An interaction between oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to have a role neurotoxicity. The aim of current research was to investigate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) as an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), oxidative stress, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations in the brain tissues of neonates born from the rats exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) during gestation. Methods: The pregnant rats were grouped into three and received: (1) saline, (2) TiO2 (200 mg/kg, gavage), and (3) TiO2-AG [200 mg/kg intraperitoneal (IP)]. The treatment was started since the second gestation day up to the delivery time. The neonates born from the rats were deeply anesthetized, sacrificed, and the brains were collected for biochemical evaluations. Results: The neonates born from the rats exposed to TiO2 showed a lower BDNF (p < .001) but a higher IL-6 (p < .01) concentrations in their hippocampal tissue. TiO2 exposure also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < .001) and NO metabolites (p < .001), while diminished thiol (p < .001), superoxide (SOD) (p < .001), and catalase (CAT) (p < .001) in all hippocampal, cortical, and cerebellar tissues. Administration of AG improved BDNF (p < .01) but attenuated IL-6 (p < .01) concentrations in the hippocampal tissue. AG also decreased MDA (p < .001) and NO metabolites (p < .01-p < .001), while increased thiol (p < .01-p < .001), SOD (p < .001), and CAT (p < .05-p < .001) in all cerebellar, hippocampal, cortical, and tissues. Conclusion: The results of the current research revealed that iNOS inhibitor AG, ameliorated oxidative stress, IL-6 concentration, and improved BDNF in the brain tissues of neonates born from TiO2 NPs exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asghari
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Department of Basic Sciences and Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences , Torbat Heydariyeh , Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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