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Richmond-Hacham B, Tseitlin L, Bikovski L, Pick CG. An Investigation of mTBI Home Cage Behavior: The Home Cage Assay Advantages. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38517091 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study utilized the Noldus PhenoTyper Home Cage Monitoring system (HCM) to assess the behavioral and cognitive changes of experimental closed-head mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-nine adult male ICR mice were subjected to either a sham procedure or closed-head mTBI using the weight-drop model. Seven days post-injury, separate cohorts of mice underwent either a non-cognitive or cognitive home cage assessment, a treadmill fatigue test, or the open field test. RESULTS mTBI significantly influenced habituation behavior and circadian wheel-running activity. Notably, mTBI mice exhibited an increased frequency of visits to the running wheel, but each visit was shorter than controls. No significant differences between the groups in discrimination or reversal learning performance were observed. However, during the reversal learning stage, mTBI mice performed similarly to their initial discrimination learning levels, suggesting an abnormally faster rate of reversal learning. CONCLUSION Home cage monitoring is a valuable tool for studying the subtle effects of mTBI, complementing traditional assays. The automated evaluation of habituation to novel stimuli (e.g., novel environment) could serve as a potentially sensitive tool for assessing mTBI-associated behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bar Richmond-Hacham
- Tel Aviv University Faculty of Medicine, 58408, Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel;
| | - Liron Tseitlin
- Tel Aviv University Faculty of Medicine, 58408, Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel;
| | - Lior Bikovski
- Tel Aviv University, 26745, Myers Neuro-Behavioral Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine,, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Netanya Academic College, 42736, School of Behavioral Sciences, Netanya, Israel;
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Tel Aviv University Faculty of Medicine, 58408, Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University Sagol School of Neuroscience, 506279, Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, 26745, Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, 26745, Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv, Israel;
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Schreiber S, Keidan L, Pick CG. Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD): Is the Opioid System Involved? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11142. [PMID: 37446323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
About 30% of major depression disorder patients fail to achieve remission, hence being diagnosed with treatment-resistant major depression (TRD). Opium had been largely used effectively to treat depression for centuries, but when other medications were introduced, its use was discounted due to addiction and other hazards. In a series of previous studies, we evaluated the antinociceptive effects of eight antidepressant medications and their interaction with the opioid system. Mice were tested with a hotplate or tail-flick after being injected with different doses of mianserin, mirtazapine, trazodone, venlafaxine, reboxetine, moclobemide, fluoxetine, or fluvoxamine to determine the effect of each drug in eliciting antinociception. When naloxone inhibited the antinociceptive effect, we further examined the effect of the specific opioid antagonists of each antidepressant drug. Mianserin and mirtazapine (separately) induced dose-dependent antinociception, each one yielding a biphasic dose-response curve, and they were antagonized by naloxone. Trazodone and venlafaxine (separately) induced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect, antagonized by naloxone. Reboxetine induced a weak antinociceptive effect with no significant opioid involvement, while moclobemide, fluoxetine, and fluvoxamine had no opioid-involved antinociceptive effects. Controlled clinical studies are needed to establish the efficacy of the augmentation of opiate antidepressants in persons with treatment-resistant depression and the optimal dosage of drugs prescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Lee Keidan
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6905904, Israel
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6905904, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6905904, Israel
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6905904, Israel
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6905904, Israel
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3
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Freidin D, Har-Even M, Rubovitch V, Murray KE, Maggio N, Shavit-Stein E, Keidan L, Citron BA, Pick CG. Cognitive and Cellular Effects of Combined Organophosphate Toxicity and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1481. [PMID: 37239152 PMCID: PMC10216664 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered the most common neurological disorder among people under the age of 50. In modern combat zones, a combination of TBI and organophosphates (OP) can cause both fatal and long-term effects on the brain. We utilized a mouse closed-head TBI model induced by a weight drop device, along with OP exposure to paraoxon. Spatial and visual memory as well as neuron loss and reactive astrocytosis were measured 30 days after exposure to mild TBI (mTBI) and/or paraoxon. Molecular and cellular changes were assessed in the temporal cortex and hippocampus. Cognitive and behavioral deficits were most pronounced in animals that received a combination of paraoxon exposure and mTBI, suggesting an additive effect of the insults. Neuron survival was reduced in proximity to the injury site after exposure to paraoxon with or without mTBI, whereas in the dentate gyrus hilus, cell survival was only reduced in mice exposed to paraoxon prior to sustaining a mTBI. Neuroinflammation was increased in the dentate gyrus in all groups exposed to mTBI and/or to paraoxon. Astrocyte morphology was significantly changed in mice exposed to paraoxon prior to sustaining an mTBI. These results provide further support for assumptions concerning the effects of OP exposure following the Gulf War. This study reveals additional insights into the potentially additive effects of OP exposure and mTBI, which may result in more severe brain damage on the modern battlefield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dor Freidin
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.F.); (M.H.-E.)
| | - Meirav Har-Even
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.F.); (M.H.-E.)
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.F.); (M.H.-E.)
| | - Kathleen E. Murray
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Nicola Maggio
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52626202, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Lee Keidan
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.F.); (M.H.-E.)
| | - Bruce A. Citron
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.F.); (M.H.-E.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Tseitlin L, Richmond-Hacham B, Vita A, Schreiber S, Pick CG, Bikovski L. Measuring anxiety-like behavior in a mouse model of mTBI: Assessment in standard and home cage assays. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1140724. [PMID: 37035620 PMCID: PMC10073456 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1140724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a primary global health concern and one of the most common causes of neurological impairments in people under 50. Mild TBI (mTBI) accounts for the majority of TBI cases. Anxiety is the most common complaint after mTBI in humans. This study aims to evaluate behavioral tests designed to assess anxiety-like phenotypes in a mice model of mTBI. ICR mice underwent mTBI using the weight-drop model. Seven days post-injury, mice were subjected to one of five different behavioral tests: Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Open Field apparatus (OF), Marble Burying test (MBT), Light Dark Box (LDB), and the Light Spot test within the PhenoTyper home cage (LS). In the EPM and OF tests, there were no significant differences between the groups. During the 30-min test period of the MBT, mTBI mice buried significantly more marbles than control mice. In the LDB, mTBI mice spent significantly less time on the far side of the arena than control mice. In addition, the time it took for mTBI mice to get to the far side of the arena was significantly longer compared to controls. Results of LS show significant within-group mean differences for total distance traveled for mTBI mice but not for the control. Furthermore, injured mice moved significantly more than control mice. According to the results, the anxiety traits exhibited by mTBI mice depend upon the time of exposure to the aversive stimulus, the apparatus, and the properties of the stressors used. Therefore, the characterization of anxiety-like behavior in mTBI mice is more complicated than was initially suggested. Based on our findings, we recommend incorporating a variety of stressors and test session lengths when assessing anxiety-like behavior in experimental models of mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Tseitlin
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bar Richmond-Hacham
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Vita
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Bikovski
- Myers Neuro-Behavioral Core Facility, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Netanya Academic College, Netanya, Israel
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Raizman R, Itzhaki N, Sirkin J, Meningher I, Tsarfaty G, Keren O, Zibli Z, Silberg T, Pick CG, Livny A. Decreased homotopic functional connectivity in traumatic brain injury. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1207-1216. [PMID: 35353131 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Homotopic functional connectivity (HoFC), the synchrony in activity patterns between homologous brain regions, is a fundamental characteristic of resting-state functional connectivity (RsFC). METHODS We examined the difference in HoFC, computed as the correlation between atlas-based regions and their counterpart on the opposite hemisphere, in 16 moderate-severe traumatic brain injury patients (msTBI) and 36 healthy controls. Regions of decreased HoFC in msTBI patients were further used as seeds for examining differences between groups in correlations with other brain regions. Finally, we computed logistic regression models of regional HoFC and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the corpus callosum (CC). RESULTS TBI patients exhibited decreased HoFC in the middle and posterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, superior temporal pole, and cerebellum III. Furthermore, decreased RsFC was found between left cerebellum III and right parahippocampal cortex and vermis, between superior temporal pole and left caudate and medial left and right frontal orbital gyri. Thalamic HoFC and FA of the CC discriminate patients as msTBI with a high accuracy of 96%. CONCLUSION TBI is associated with regionally decreased HoFC. Moreover, a multimodality model of interhemispheric connectivity allowed for a high degree of accuracy in disease discrimination and enabled a deeper understanding of TBI effects on brain interhemispheric reorganization post-TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Raizman
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69979 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nofar Itzhaki
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Johanna Sirkin
- Department of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzelia, Israel
| | - Inbar Meningher
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Galia Tsarfaty
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Department of imaging, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69979 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Keren
- Department of Brain Injury Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Zion Zibli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69979 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tamar Silberg
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, 5290002 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69979 Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69979 Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson, Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, 69979 Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, 69979 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abigail Livny
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, 5262000 Tel-Hashomer, Israel.,Department of imaging, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, 69979 Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69979 Tel Aviv, Israel
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6
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Ruiz SA, Tikochinsky E, Rubovitch V, Pick CG, Attali B. Contextual fear response is modulated by M-type K+ channels and is associated with subtle structural changes of the axon initial segment in hippocampal GABAergic neurons. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:33-51. [PMID: 37077956 PMCID: PMC10106335 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
<abstract><sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>In the fear memory network, the hippocampus modulates contextual aspects of fear learning while mutual connections between the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex are widely involved in fear extinction. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in the regulation of fear and anxiety, so the regulation of GPCRs in fear signaling pathways can modulate the mechanisms of fear memory acquisition, consolidation and extinction. Various studies suggested a role of M-type K+ channels in modulating fear expression and extinction, although conflicting data prevented drawing of clear conclusions. In the present work, we examined the impact of M-type K+ channel blockade or activation on contextual fear acquisition and extinction. In addition, regarding the pivotal role of the hippocampus in contextual fear conditioning (CFC) and the involvement of the axon initial segment (AIS) in neuronal plasticity, we investigated whether structural alterations of the AIS in hippocampal neurons occurred during contextual fear memory acquisition and short-time extinction in mice in a behaviorally relevant context.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>When a single systemic injection of the M-channel blocker XE991 (2 mg/kg, IP) was carried out 15 minutes before the foot shock session, fear expression was significantly reduced. Expression of c-Fos was increased following CFC, mostly in GABAergic neurons at day 1 and day 2 post-fear training in CA1 and dentate gyrus hippocampal regions. A significantly longer AIS segment was observed in GABAergic neurons of the CA1 hippocampal region at day 2.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Our results underscore the role of M-type K + channels in CFC and the importance of hippocampal GABAergic neurons in fear expression.</p>
</sec></abstract>
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arciniegas Ruiz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eliav Tikochinsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bernard Attali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Defrin R, Benromano T, Pick CG. Unique Pain Responses in Different Etiological Subgroups of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 2022; 127:417-430. [PMID: 36018766 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-127.5.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We studied whether there exist variations in pain responses between different intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) etiologies. Self-reports and facial expressions (Facial Action Coding System = FACS) were recorded during experimental pressure stimuli and compared among 31 individuals with IDD-13 with cerebral palsy (CP), nine with Down syndrome (DS), nine with unspecified origin (UIDD)-and among 15 typically developing controls (TDCs). The CP and DS groups had higher pain ratings and FACS scores compared to the UIDD and TDC groups, and steeper stimulus-response functions. The DS group exhibited the most diverse facial expressions. There were variations in the foci of facial expressions between groups. It appears that different IDD etiologies display distinct pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Defrin
- Ruth Defrin, Tali Benromano, and Chaim G. Pick, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Benromano
- Ruth Defrin, Tali Benromano, and Chaim G. Pick, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Ruth Defrin, Tali Benromano, and Chaim G. Pick, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Qubty D, Frid K, Har-Even M, Rubovitch V, Gabizon R, Pick CG. Nano-PSO Administration Attenuates Cognitive and Neuronal Deficits Resulting from Traumatic Brain Injury. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092725. [PMID: 35566074 PMCID: PMC9105273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), is one of the most common causes of neurological damage in young populations. It is widely considered as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD) disease. These diseases are characterized in part by the accumulation of disease-specific misfolded proteins and share common pathological features, such as neuronal death, as well as inflammatory and oxidative damage. Nano formulation of Pomegranate seed oil [Nano-PSO (Granagard TM)] has been shown to target its active ingredient to the brain and thereafter inhibit memory decline and neuronal death in mice models of AD and genetic Creutzfeldt Jacob disease. In this study, we show that administration of Nano-PSO to mice before or after TBI application prevents cognitive and behavioral decline. In addition, immuno-histochemical staining of the brain indicates that preventive Nano-PSO treatment significantly decreased neuronal death, reduced gliosis and prevented mitochondrial damage in the affected cells. Finally, we examined levels of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and Synaptophysin (SYP) in the cortex using Western blotting. Nano-PSO consumption led to higher levels of SIRT1 and SYP protein postinjury. Taken together, our results indicate that Nano-PSO, as a natural brain-targeted antioxidant, can prevent part of TBI-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Qubty
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.Q.); (M.H.-E.); (V.R.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Kati Frid
- The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (K.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Meirav Har-Even
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.Q.); (M.H.-E.); (V.R.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.Q.); (M.H.-E.); (V.R.)
| | - Ruth Gabizon
- The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Hadassah University Hospital, Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (K.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (D.Q.); (M.H.-E.); (V.R.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Correspondence:
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9
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Qubty D, Schreiber S, Rubovitch V, Boag A, Pick CG. No Significant Effects of Cellphone Electromagnetic Radiation on Mice Memory or Anxiety: Some Mixed Effects on Traumatic Brain Injured Mice. Neurotrauma Rep 2021; 2:381-390. [PMID: 34723249 PMCID: PMC8550818 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Current literature details an array of contradictory results regarding the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on health, both in humans and in animal models. The present study was designed to ascertain the conflicting data published regarding the possible impact of cellular exposure (radiation) on male and female mice as far as spatial memory, anxiety, and general well-being is concerned. To increase the likelihood of identifying possible "subtle" effects, we chose to test it in already cognitively impaired (following mild traumatic brain injury; mTBI) mice. Exposure to cellular radiation by itself had no significant impact on anxiety levels or spatial/visual memory in mice. When examining the dual impact of mTBI and cellular radiation on anxiety, no differences were found in the anxiety-like behavior as seen at the elevated plus maze (EPM). When exposed to both mTBI and cellular radiation, our results show improvement of visual memory impairment in both female and male mice, but worsening of the spatial memory of female mice. These results do not allow for a decisive conclusion regarding the possible hazards of cellular radiation on brain function in mice, and the mTBI did not facilitate identification of subtle effects by augmenting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Qubty
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Boag
- School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Grieco F, Bernstein BJ, Biemans B, Bikovski L, Burnett CJ, Cushman JD, van Dam EA, Fry SA, Richmond-Hacham B, Homberg JR, Kas MJH, Kessels HW, Koopmans B, Krashes MJ, Krishnan V, Logan S, Loos M, McCann KE, Parduzi Q, Pick CG, Prevot TD, Riedel G, Robinson L, Sadighi M, Smit AB, Sonntag W, Roelofs RF, Tegelenbosch RAJ, Noldus LPJJ. Measuring Behavior in the Home Cage: Study Design, Applications, Challenges, and Perspectives. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:735387. [PMID: 34630052 PMCID: PMC8498589 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.735387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproducibility crisis (or replication crisis) in biomedical research is a particularly existential and under-addressed issue in the field of behavioral neuroscience, where, in spite of efforts to standardize testing and assay protocols, several known and unknown sources of confounding environmental factors add to variance. Human interference is a major contributor to variability both within and across laboratories, as well as novelty-induced anxiety. Attempts to reduce human interference and to measure more "natural" behaviors in subjects has led to the development of automated home-cage monitoring systems. These systems enable prolonged and longitudinal recordings, and provide large continuous measures of spontaneous behavior that can be analyzed across multiple time scales. In this review, a diverse team of neuroscientists and product developers share their experiences using such an automated monitoring system that combines Noldus PhenoTyper® home-cages and the video-based tracking software, EthoVision® XT, to extract digital biomarkers of motor, emotional, social and cognitive behavior. After presenting our working definition of a "home-cage", we compare home-cage testing with more conventional out-of-cage tests (e.g., the open field) and outline the various advantages of the former, including opportunities for within-subject analyses and assessments of circadian and ultradian activity. Next, we address technical issues pertaining to the acquisition of behavioral data, such as the fine-tuning of the tracking software and the potential for integration with biotelemetry and optogenetics. Finally, we provide guidance on which behavioral measures to emphasize, how to filter, segment, and analyze behavior, and how to use analysis scripts. We summarize how the PhenoTyper has applications to study neuropharmacology as well as animal models of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illness. Looking forward, we examine current challenges and the impact of new developments. Examples include the automated recognition of specific behaviors, unambiguous tracking of individuals in a social context, the development of more animal-centered measures of behavior and ways of dealing with large datasets. Together, we advocate that by embracing standardized home-cage monitoring platforms like the PhenoTyper, we are poised to directly assess issues pertaining to reproducibility, and more importantly, measure features of rodent behavior under more ethologically relevant scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Briana J Bernstein
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Lior Bikovski
- Myers Neuro-Behavioral Core Facility, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Netanya Academic College, Netanya, Israel
| | - C Joseph Burnett
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jesse D Cushman
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Sydney A Fry
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Bar Richmond-Hacham
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Helmut W Kessels
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Michael J Krashes
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Vaishnav Krishnan
- Laboratory of Epilepsy and Emotional Behavior, Baylor Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sreemathi Logan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Maarten Loos
- Sylics (Synaptologics BV), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katharine E McCann
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | | | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Thomas D Prevot
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gernot Riedel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Lianne Robinson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Sadighi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - William Sonntag
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | | | | | - Lucas P J J Noldus
- Noldus Information Technology BV, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Department of Biophysics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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11
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Defrin R, Beshara H, Benromano T, Hssien K, Pick CG, Kunz M. Pain Behavior of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Coded with the New PAIC-15 and Validation of Its Arabic Translation. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11101254. [PMID: 34679319 PMCID: PMC8533720 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain management necessitates assessment of pain; the gold standard being self-report. Among individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), self-report may be limited and therefore indirect methods for pain assessment are required. A new, internationally agreed upon and user-friendly observational tool was recently published—the Pain Assessment in Impaired Cognition (PAIC-15). The current study’s aims were: to test the use of the PAIC-15 in assessing pain among people with IDD and to translate the PAIC-15 into Arabic for dissemination among Arabic-speaking professionals. Pain behavior following experimental pressure stimuli was analyzed among 30 individuals with IDD and 15 typically developing controls (TDCs). Translation of the PAIC followed the forward–backward approach; and reliability between the two versions and between raters was calculated. Observational scores with the PAIC-15 exhibited a stimulus–response relationship with pressure stimulation. Those of the IDD group were greater than those of the TDC group. The overall agreement between the English and Arabic versions was high (ICC = 0.89); single items exhibited moderate to high agreement levels. Inter-rater reliability was high (ICC = 0.92). Both versions of the PAIC-15 are feasible and reliable tools to record pain behavior in individuals with IDD. Future studies using these tools in clinical settings are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Defrin
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (H.B.); (K.H.)
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-3-6405431; Fax: +972-3-6405436
| | - Heba Beshara
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (H.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Tali Benromano
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Kutaiba Hssien
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (H.B.); (K.H.)
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Miriam Kunz
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany;
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12
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Keidan L, Barash A, Lenzner Z, Pick CG, Been E. Sexual dimorphism of the posterior cervical spine muscle attachments. J Anat 2021; 239:589-601. [PMID: 33876427 PMCID: PMC8349410 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical spinal injury and neck pain are common disorders with wide physical implications. Neck pain and disability are reported to occur in females more often than in males, and chronic or persistent neck pain after whiplash is twice as common in females. Female athletes also sustain a higher percentage of concussions compared to male athletes. Still, while sexual differences in clinical presentation and outcome are well-established, the underlying etiology for the disparity remains less clear. It is well-established that the origin and insertion landmarks of posterior neck muscles are highly variable, but we do not know if these interindividual differences are associated with sex. Expanding our knowledge on sexual dimorphism in the anatomy of the cervical muscles is essential to our understanding of the possible biomechanical differences between the sexes and hence improves our understanding as to why females suffer from cervical pain more than males. It is also of paramount importance for accurate planning of posterior cervical spine surgery, which cuts through the posterior cervical musculature. Therefore, our main objective is to characterize the anatomy of posterior neck musculature and to explore possible sexual differences in the location of their attachment points. Meticulous posterior neck dissection was performed on 35 cadavers, 19 females, and 16 males. In each specimen, 8 muscle groups were examined bilaterally at 45 osseous anatomical landmarks. Muscles and their attachment sites were evaluated manually then photographed and recorded using Microscribe Digitizer technology built into 3D models. A comparison of attachment landmarks between males and females for each muscle was conducted. Out of the eight muscles that were measured, only two muscles demonstrated significant sex-related anatomical differences-Spinotranversales (splenius capitis and cervicis) and Multifidus. Male Spinotransversales muscle has more attachment points than female. It showed more cranial insertion points in the upper cervical attachments (superior nuchal line, C1 posterior tubercle, and mastoid process) and more caudal insertion points in the spinous processes and transverse processes of the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae. Thus, the male subjects in this study exhibited a greater coverage of the posterior neck both cranially and caudally. Female Multifidus has more attachment points on the spinous processes and articular processes at middle and lower cervical vertebrae and at the transverse processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae. All remaining muscles exhibited no sexual differences. Our findings highlight, for the first time, a sexual dimorphism in attachment points of posterior cervical musculature. It reinforces the notion that the female neck is not a scaled version of the male neck. These differences in muscle attachment could partially explain differences in muscle torque production and range of motion and thus biomechanical differences in cervical spine stabilization between sexes. It sheds a much-needed light on the reason for higher whiplash rates, concussion, and chronic cervical pain among females. Surgeons should take these sexual morphological differences into consideration when deliberating the best surgical approach for posterior cervical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Keidan
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologySackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Alon Barash
- Azrieli Faculty of MedicineBar Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Ziv Lenzner
- Screen Based Art DepartmentBezalel Academy of Arts and DesignJerusalemIsrael
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologySackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive DiseasesTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
- Sylvan Adams Sports InstituteTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Ella Been
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologySackler Faculty of MedicineTel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
- Department of Sports TherapyFaculty of Health ProfessionsOno Academic CollegeKiryat OnoIsrael
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13
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Shlobin NA, Har-Even M, Itsekson-Hayosh Z, Harnof S, Pick CG. Role of Thrombin in Central Nervous System Injury and Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:562. [PMID: 33921354 PMCID: PMC8070021 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin is a Na+-activated allosteric serine protease of the chymotrypsin family involved in coagulation, inflammation, cell protection, and apoptosis. Increasingly, the role of thrombin in the brain has been explored. Low concentrations of thrombin are neuroprotective, while high concentrations exert pathological effects. However, greater attention regarding the involvement of thrombin in normal and pathological processes in the central nervous system is warranted. In this review, we explore the mechanisms of thrombin action, localization, and functions in the central nervous system and describe the involvement of thrombin in stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and primary central nervous system tumors. We aim to comprehensively characterize the role of thrombin in neurological disease and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Meirav Har-Even
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ze’ev Itsekson-Hayosh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer 5262000, Israel
| | - Sagi Harnof
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel;
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center for Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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14
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Farbstein D, Hollander N, Peled O, Apter A, Fennig S, Haberman Y, Gitman H, Yaniv I, Shkalim V, Pick CG, Benaroya-Milshtein N. Social isolation in mice: behavior, immunity, and tumor growth. Stress 2021; 24:229-238. [PMID: 32510284 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1777976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral, immunological, and neurological effects of long-term isolation in an animal model. Male C3H/eB mice wereraised in either social isolation or standard conditions for 6 weeks. At 10 weeks, each group was further divided into 3 sets. (A) Physical strength and behavior were evaluated with the grip strength, hot plate, staircase, and elevated plus-maze tests. Natural-killer cell activity and lymphocyte proliferation were measured. (B) Half the animals were subjected to electric shock with 3 reminders, and freezing time was evaluated at each reminder. Cortisone levels were evaluated after 16 weeks. (C)Mice were injected with 38 C-13 B lymphoma cells and followed for tumor size and survival. Strength evaluation yielded asignificantly lower body weight and grip strength in the socially isolated mice. Behavioral test results were similar in the two groups. The pattern of reactions to stress conditioning differed significantly, with the socially isolated mice showing an incline in freezing with each successive reminder, and the control mice showing a decline. The socially isolated mice had significantly attenuated tumor growth, with no significant difference in survival from control mice. There were no significant between-group differences in immunological parameters. In conclusion, social isolation serves as a model for chronic stress. It was associated with significant changes in stress conditioning reaction, resembling symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, and attenuated tumor development. No differences from controls were found in behavior tests, immune parameters, or survival after tumor cell inoculation.Lay summaryThis article explores biological and behavioral consequences of social isolation in a mice model. Our results show that social isolation leads to changes in the Hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenal axis, which in turn alter the response to stress. Additionally, social isolation was shown to impact tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Farbstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg Child Study Center, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nurit Hollander
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Peled
- Department of Pharmacy, Schneider Children's Medical Center, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alan Apter
- Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg Child Study Center, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Silvana Fennig
- Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg Child Study Center, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Haberman
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hila Gitman
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Isaac Yaniv
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vered Shkalim
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noa Benaroya-Milshtein
- Department of Psychiatry, Feinberg Child Study Center, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, PetachTikva, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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15
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Qubty D, Rubovitch V, Benromano T, Ovadia M, Pick CG. Orally Administered Cinnamon Extract Attenuates Cognitive and Neuronal Deficits Following Traumatic Brain Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:178-186. [PMID: 32901372 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01688-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present paper shows how cinnamon extract (CE) consumption mitigates neuronal loss and memory impairment following traumatic brain injury (TBI), one of the world's most common neurodegenerative diseases. TBI patients suffer short- and long-term behavioral, cognitive, and emotional impairments, including difficulties in concentration, memory loss, and depression. Research shows that CE application can mitigate cognitive and behavioral impairments in animal models for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, whose pathophysiology is similar to that of TBI. This study builds on prior research by showing similar results in TBI mice models. After drinking CE for a week, mice were injured using our 70-g weight drop TBI device. For 2 weeks thereafter, the mice continued drinking CE alongside standard lab nutrition. Subsequently, the mice underwent behavioral tests to assess their memory, motor activity, and anxiety. The mice brains were harvested for immunohistochemistry staining to evaluate overall neuronal survival. Our results show that CE consumption almost completely mitigates memory impairment and decreases neuronal loss after TBI. Mice that did not consume CE demonstrated impaired memory. Our results also show that CE consumption attenuated neuronal loss in the temporal cortex and the dentate gyrus. Mice that did not consume CE suffered a significant neuronal loss. There were no significant differences in anxiety levels and motor activity between all groups. These findings show a new therapeutic approach to improve cognitive function and decrease memory loss after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Qubty
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Benromano
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Ovadia
- Department of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. .,The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. .,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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16
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Tweedie D, Karnati HK, Mullins R, Pick CG, Hoffer BJ, Goetzl EJ, Kapogiannis D, Greig NH. Time-dependent cytokine and chemokine changes in mouse cerebral cortex following a mild traumatic brain injury. eLife 2020; 9:55827. [PMID: 32804078 PMCID: PMC7473773 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious global health problem, many individuals live with TBI-related neurological dysfunction. A lack of biomarkers of TBI has impeded medication development. To identify new potential biomarkers, we time-dependently evaluated mouse brain tissue and neuronally derived plasma extracellular vesicle proteins in a mild model of TBI with parallels to concussive head injury. Mice (CD-1, 30–40 g) received a sham procedure or 30 g weight-drop and were euthanized 8, 24, 48, 72, 96 hr, 7, 14 and 30 days later. We quantified ipsilateral cortical proteins, many of which differed from sham by 8 hours post-mTBI, particularly GAS-1 and VEGF-B were increased while CXCL16 reduced, 23 proteins changed in 4 or more of the time points. Gene ontology pathways mapped from altered proteins over time related to pathological and physiological processes. Validation of proteins identified in this study may provide utility as treatment response biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States
| | - Hanuma Kumar Karnati
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States
| | - Roger Mullins
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, and Dr. Miriam and SheldonG. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, United States
| | - Edward J Goetzl
- Department of Medicine, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, United States
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17
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Ratliff WA, Delic V, Pick CG, Citron BA. Dendritic arbor complexity and spine density changes after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and neuroprotective treatments. Brain Res 2020; 1746:147019. [PMID: 32681835 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury has been described as the signature affliction of recent military conflicts and repetitive TBIs, particularly associated with military and athletic activities, typically result in more severe clinical effects. The majority of TBIs are mild, but they can result in long term cognitive deficits for which there is no effective treatment. One of the most significant deficits observed in TBI patients is memory loss, which suggests that TBI can induce pathological changes within the hippocampus. tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) and pioglitazone activate the Nrf2 and PPAR-γ transcription factors, respectively, and both have been shown to be neuroprotective in model systems. We examined the morphological changes within the hippocampus following repetitive mild TBI and simultaneous treatment with both factors. We utilized a closed head injury mouse model with five injuries over 5 weeks. Our results showed marked morphological changes among the dendrites and dendritic spines of the neurons of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We observed decreases in overall dendritic length, as well as in the quantity and density of dendritic spines. Our treatment partially ameliorated these effects, suggesting that the Nrf2 and PPAR-γ transcription factors may be important targets for future drug development in the treatment of TBI in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL 33744, United States
| | - Vedad Delic
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development (15), Bldg. 16, Rm 16-176 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ 07018, United States
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development (15), Bldg. 16, Rm 16-176 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ 07018, United States; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL 33744, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
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18
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Meningher I, Bernstein-Eliav M, Rubovitch V, Pick CG, Tavor I. Alterations in Network Connectivity after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:2169-2179. [PMID: 32434427 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Victims of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) usually do not display clear morphological brain defects, but frequently have long-lasting cognitive deficits, emotional difficulties, and behavioral disturbances. In the present study we used diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) combined with graph theory measurements to investigate the effects of mTBI on brain network connectivity. We employed a non-invasive closed-head weight-drop mouse model to produce mTBI. Mice were scanned at two time points, 24 h before the injury and either 7 or 30 days following the injury. Connectivity matrices were computed for each animal at each time point, and these were subsequently used to extract graph theory measures reflecting network integration and segregation, on both the global (i.e., whole brain) and local (i.e., single regions) levels. We found that cluster coefficient, reflecting network segregation, decreased 7 days post-injury and then returned to baseline level 30 days following the injury. Global efficiency, reflecting network integration, demonstrated opposite patterns in the left and right hemispheres, with an increase of right hemisphere efficiency at 7 days and then a decrease in efficiency following 30 days, and vice versa in the left hemisphere. These findings suggest a possible compensation mechanism acting to moderate the influence of mTBI on the global network. Moreover, these results highlight the importance of tracking the dynamic changes in mTBI over time, and the potential of structural connectivity as a promising approach for studying network integrity and pathology progression in mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbar Meningher
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Bernstein-Eliav
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Tavor
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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19
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Levy D, Gruener H, Riabinin M, Feingold Y, Schreiber S, Pick CG, Defrin R. Different clinical phenotypes of persistent post-traumatic headache exhibit distinct sensory profiles. Cephalalgia 2020; 40:675-688. [PMID: 31847569 PMCID: PMC10589814 DOI: 10.1177/0333102419896368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent post-traumatic headache remains a poorly understood clinical entity. Although there are currently no accepted therapies for persistent post-traumatic headache, its clinical symptoms, which primarily resemble those of migraine or tension-type headache, often serve to guide treatment. However, evidence-based justification for this treatment approach remains lacking given the paucity of knowledge regarding the characteristics of these two major persistent post-traumatic headache phenotypes and their etiology. METHODS We compared clinical features and quantitative sensory testing profiles between two distinct cohorts of persistent post-traumatic headache subjects that exhibited symptoms resembling either migraine (n = 15) or tension-type headache (n = 13), as well as to headache-free subjects that had suffered traumatic brain injury (n = 19), and to healthy controls (n = 10). We aimed to determine whether the two persistent post-traumatic headache subgroups could be discriminated based on additional clinical features, distinct quantitative sensory testing profiles, or the interaction of pain severity with the level of post-traumatic stress disorder. RESULTS Persistent post-traumatic headache subjects with migraine-like symptoms reported that bright light and focused attention aggravated their pain, while stress and nervousness were reported to aggravate the headache in subjects with tension-type headache-like symptoms. Quietness was better in alleviating migraine-like persistent post-traumatic headache, while anti-inflammatory medications provided better relief in tension-type headache-like persistent post-traumatic headache. The two persistent post-traumatic headache subgroups exhibited distinct quantitative sensory testing profiles with subjects exhibiting tension-type headache-like persistent post-traumatic headache displaying a more pronounced cephalic and extracephalic thermal hypoalgesia that was accompanied by cephalic mechanical hyperalgesia. While both persistent post-traumatic headache subgroups had high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder, there was a positive correlation with pain severity in subjects with tension-type headache-like symptoms, but a negative correlation in subjects with migraine-like symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Distinct persistent post-traumatic headache symptoms and quantitative sensory testing profiles may be linked to different etiologies, potentially involving various levels of neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and if confirmed in a larger cohort, could be used to further characterize and differentiate between persistent post-traumatic headache subgroups in studies aimed to improve treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hila Gruener
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miri Riabinin
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yelena Feingold
- Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth Defrin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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20
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Abstract
The worldwide incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is ∼0.5% per year and the frequency is significantly higher among military personnel and athletes. Repetitive TBIs are associated with military and athletic activities, and typically involve more severe consequences. The majority of TBIs are mild; however, these still can result in long-term cognitive deficits, and there is currently no effective treatment. tert-Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) and pioglitazone can activate the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) transcription factors, respectively, and each has been shown to be neuroprotective in various model systems. We examined behavioral and gene expression changes after repetitive mild TBI followed by simultaneous treatment with both factors. We used a repetitive closed head injury of mice involving five injuries with a 1-week interval between each TBI. We found that memory performance was significantly reduced by the injuries, unless the TBIs were followed by the tBHQ and pioglitazone administrations. Certain genes; for example, growth hormone and osteopontin, were downregulated by the injury, and this was reversed by the treatment, whereas other genes; for example, a tumor necrosis factor receptor, were upregulated by the injury and restored if the post-injury treatment was administered. Analysis of gene expression levels affected by the injury and/or the treatment point to potential mechanisms that could be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, Bay Pines, Florida, USA
| | - Doaa Qubty
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vedad Delic
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development, East Orange, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, Bay Pines, Florida, USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research and Development, East Orange, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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21
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Ben Shimon M, Shavit-Stein E, Altman K, Pick CG, Maggio N. Thrombin as Key Mediator of Seizure Development Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1532. [PMID: 32009953 PMCID: PMC6971217 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) commonly leads to development of seizures, accounting for approximately 20% of newly diagnosed epilepsy. Despite the high clinical significance, the mechanisms underlying the development of posttraumatic seizures (PTS) remain unclear, compromising appropriate management of these patients. Accumulating evidence suggest that thrombin, the main serine protease of the coagulation cascade, is involved in PTS genesis by mediating inflammation and hyperexcitability following blood brain barrier breakdown. In order to further understand the role of thrombin in PTS, we generated a combined mild TBI (mTBI) and status epilepticus mice model, by injecting pilocarpine to mice previously submitted to head injury. Interestingly, mTBI was able to reduce seizure onset in the pilocarpine animal model as well as increase the death rate in the treated animals. In turn, pilocarpine worsened spatial orientation of mTBI treated mice. Finally, thrombin activity as well as the expression of IL1-β and TNF-α was significantly increased in the mTBI-pilocarpine treated animals. In conclusion, these observations indicate a synergism between thrombin and mTBI in lowering seizure in the pilocarpine model and possibly aggravating inflammation. We believe that these results will improve the understanding of PTS pathophysiology and contribute to the development of more targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ben Shimon
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Altman
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicola Maggio
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
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22
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Bader M, Li Y, Tweedie D, Shlobin NA, Bernstein A, Rubovitch V, Tovar-y-Romo LB, DiMarchi RD, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Pick CG. Neuroprotective Effects and Treatment Potential of Incretin Mimetics in a Murine Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:356. [PMID: 31998717 PMCID: PMC6965031 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a commonly occurring injury in sports, victims of motor vehicle accidents, and falls. TBI has become a pressing public health concern with no specific therapeutic treatment. Mild TBI (mTBI), which accounts for approximately 90% of all TBI cases, may frequently lead to long-lasting cognitive, behavioral, and emotional impairments. The incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are gastrointestinal hormones that induce glucose-dependent insulin secretion, promote β-cell proliferation, and enhance resistance to apoptosis. GLP-1 mimetics are marketed as treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are well tolerated. Both GLP-1 and GIP mimetics have shown neuroprotective properties in animal models of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of liraglutide, a GLP-1 analog, and twincretin, a dual GLP-1R/GIPR agonist, in a murine mTBI model. First, we subjected mice to mTBI using a weight-drop device and, thereafter, administered liraglutide or twincretin as a 7-day regimen of subcutaneous (s.c.) injections. We then investigated the effects of these drugs on mTBI-induced cognitive impairments, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Finally, we assessed their effects on neuroprotective proteins expression that are downstream to GLP-1R/GIPR activation; specifically, PI3K and PKA phosphorylation. Both drugs ameliorated mTBI-induced cognitive impairments evaluated by the novel object recognition (NOR) and the Y-maze paradigms in which neither anxiety nor locomotor activity were confounds, as the latter were unaffected by either mTBI or drugs. Additionally, both drugs significantly mitigated mTBI-induced neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, as quantified by immunohistochemical staining with Fluoro-Jade/anti-NeuN and anti-Iba-1 antibodies, respectively. mTBI challenge significantly decreased PKA phosphorylation levels in ipsilateral cortex, which was mitigated by both drugs. However, PI3K phosphorylation was not affected by mTBI. These findings offer a new potential therapeutic approach to treat mTBI, and support further investigation of the neuroprotective effects and mechanism of action of incretin-based therapies for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nathan A. Shlobin
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adi Bernstein
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Luis B. Tovar-y-Romo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Cellular Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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23
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Schreiber S, Pick CG. Trazodone and mirtazapine: A possible opioid involvement in their use (at low dose) for sleep? Med Hypotheses 2019; 136:109501. [PMID: 31759303 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of each antidepressant available has been found equal to that of amitriptyline in double-blind studies. However, a few of them are being prescribed (at under-therapeutic doses) for sleep, in non-depressed persons, when there are relative contraindications for sedative-hypnotics. Following previous studies regarding the antinociceptive mechanisms of various antidepressants, we suggest that the involvement of the opioid system in some of the antidepressants' mechanism of action may contribute to these medications' use for the induction and maintenance of sleep. The mostly prescribed antidepressants for sleep are trazodone (a weak, but specific inhibitor of the synaptosomal uptake of serotonin, that also binds to alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoreceptor sites) and mirtazapine (a postsynaptic drug which enhances noradrenergic and 5-HT1A-mediated serotonergic neurotransmission via antagonism of central alpha-2-auto- and hetero-adrenoreceptors). In our previous studies when ICR mice were tested with a hotplate analgesia meter, both trazodone and mirtazapine induced, a naloxone-reversible antinociceptive effect following i.p administration. Summing up the various interactions of trazodone and mirtazapine with opioid, noradrenergic and serotonergic agonists and antagonists, we found that the antinociceptive effect of trazodone is influenced by the opioid receptor subtypes mu and delta (and a clear 5-HT mechanism of antinociception), while the antinociceptive effect of mirtazapine is mainly influenced by kappa and mu opioid receptor subtype (combined with both serotonergic and noradrenergic receptors). This opioid profile of the two drugs may be one of the explanations to their efficacy in the treatment of insomnia, when sedatives (either benzodiazepines or the non-benzodiazepine "Z-compounds") cannot be prescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - C G Pick
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Anatomy, Tel Aviv University Sackler, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel; Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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24
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Lecca D, Bader M, Tweedie D, Hoffman AF, Jung YJ, Hsueh SC, Hoffer BJ, Becker RE, Pick CG, Lupica CR, Greig NH. (-)-Phenserine and the prevention of pre-programmed cell death and neuroinflammation in mild traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer's disease challenged mice. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104528. [PMID: 31295555 PMCID: PMC6716152 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). TBI-derived neuropathologies are promoted by inflammatory processes: chronic microgliosis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that further promote neuronal dysfunction and loss. Herein, we evaluated the effect on pre-programmed cell death/neuroinflammation/synaptic integrity and function of (-)-Phenserine tartrate (Phen), an agent originally developed for AD. This was studied at two clinically translatable doses (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg, BID), in a weight drop (concussive) mTBI model in wild type (WT) and AD APP/PSEN1 transgenic mice. Phen mitigated mTBI-induced cognitive impairment, assessed by Novel Object Recognition and Y-maze behavioral paradigms, in WT mice. Phen fully abated mTBI-induced neurodegeneration, evaluated by counting Fluoro-Jade C-positive (FJC+) cells, in hippocampus and cortex of WT mice. In APP/PSEN1 mice, degenerating cell counts were consistently greater across all experimental groups vs. WT mice. mTBI elevated FJC+ cell counts vs. the APP/PSEN1 control (sham) group, and Phen similarly mitigated this. Anti-inflammatory effects on microglial activation (IBA1-immunoreactivity (IR)) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α were evaluated. mTBI increased IBA1-IR and TNF-α/IBA1 colocalization vs. sham, both in WT and APP/PSEN1 mice. Phen decreased IBA1-IR throughout hippocampi and cortices of WT mice, and in cortices of AD mice. Phen, likewise, reduced levels of IBA1/TNF-α-IR colocalization volume across all areas in WT animals, with a similar trend in APP/PSEN1 mice. Actions on astrocyte activation by mTBI were followed by evaluating GFAP, and were similarly mitigated by Phen. Synaptic density was evaluated by quantifying PSD-95+ dendritic spines and Synaptophysin (Syn)-IR. Both were significantly reduced in mTBI vs. sham in both WT and APP/PSEN1 mice. Phen fully reversed the PSD-95+ spine loss in WT and Syn-IR decrease in both WT and APP/PSEN1 mice. To associate immunohistochemical changes in synaptic markers with function, hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP) was induced in WT mice. LTP was impaired by mTBI, and this impairment was mitigated by Phen. In synopsis, clinically translatable doses of Phen ameliorated mTBI-mediated pre-programmed cell death/neuroinflammation/synaptic dysfunction in WT mice, consistent with fully mitigating mTBI-induced cognitive impairments. Phen additionally demonstrated positive actions in the more pathologic brain microenvironment of AD mice, further supporting consideration of its repurposing as a treatment for mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lecca
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alexander F Hoffman
- Electrophysiology Research Section, Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 21224 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoo Jin Jung
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Shin-Chang Hsueh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Robert E Becker
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Aristea Translational Medicine Corporation, Park City, UT 84098, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Carl R Lupica
- Electrophysiology Research Section, Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 21224 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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25
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Schreiber S, Bader M, Lenchinski T, Meningher I, Rubovitch V, Katz Y, Cohen E, Gabet Y, Rotenberg M, Wolf E(U, Pick CG. Functional effects of synthetic cannabinoids versus Δ 9 -THC in mice on body temperature, nociceptive threshold, anxiety, cognition, locomotor/exploratory parameters and depression. Addict Biol 2019; 24:414-425. [PMID: 29423994 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids are psychoactive substances designed to mimic the euphorigenic effects of the natural cannabis. Novel unregulated compounds appear once older compounds become illegal. It has been previously reported that synthetic cannabinoids are different than Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9 -THC) as they have chemical structures unrelated to Δ9 -THC, different metabolism and, often, greater toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of three novel synthetic cannabinoids and pure Δ9 -THC on body temperature, nociceptive threshold, anxiety, memory function, locomotor and exploratory parameters, and depression. We performed a battery of behavioural and motor tests starting 50 minutes post i.p. injection of each drug to adult ICR mice. The synthetic cannabinoids that were used are AB-FUBINACA, AB-CHMINACA and PB-22. All synthetic cannabinoids and Δ9 -THC caused hypothermia, but only Δ9 -THC induced a clear antinociceptive effect. All synthetic cannabinoids and Δ9 -THC caused decreased anxiety levels, spatial memory deficits and decreased exploratory behaviour as measured in the elevated plus maze, Y-maze and staircase paradigm, respectively. However, all synthetic cannabinoids but not Δ9 -THC demonstrated decreased locomotor activity in the staircase test. Moreover, only AB-FUBINACA and Δ9 -THC affected the gait balance and grip strength of the mice as was assessed by the latency time to fall from a rod. In the forced swimming test, PB-22 caused elevated depression-like behaviour while AB-FUBINACA induced a reversed effect. These results suggest varied effects among different synthetic cannabinoids and Δ9 -THC. Further studies are needed to characterize the overall effects and differences between these synthetic cannabinoids and Δ9 -THC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University Israel
| | - Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologyTel‐Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
| | - Tatiana Lenchinski
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University Israel
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologyTel‐Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
| | | | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologyTel‐Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
| | - Yiffat Katz
- Analytical LaboratoryDivision of Identification and Forensic Science Israel
| | - Etia Cohen
- Analytical LaboratoryDivision of Identification and Forensic Science Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University Israel
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologyTel‐Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
| | - Michal Rotenberg
- Laboratory of Clinical Toxicology and PharmacologySheba Medical Center Israel
| | - Ehud (Udi) Wolf
- Analytical LaboratoryDivision of Identification and Forensic Science Israel
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University Israel
- Department of Anatomy and AnthropologyTel‐Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine Israel
- The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive DiseasesTel‐Aviv University Israel
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26
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Rubovitch V, Pharayra A, Har-Even M, Dvir O, Mattson MP, Pick CG. Dietary Energy Restriction Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:613-621. [PMID: 30734244 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01271-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of neurological damage in young people. It was previously reported that dietary restriction, by either intermittent fasting (IF) or daily caloric restriction (CR), could protect neurons against dysfunction and degeneration in animal models of stroke and Parkinson's disease. Recently, several studies have shown that the protein Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a significant role in the induced neuroprotection following dietary restriction. In the present study, we found a significant reduction of SIRT1 levels in the cortex and hippocampus in a mouse model of mild weight-drop closed head TBI. This reduction was prevented in mice maintained on IF (alternate day fasting) and CR initiated after the head trauma. Hippocampus-dependent learning and memory (measured using a novel object recognition test) was impaired 30 days post-injury in mice fed ad libitum, but not in mice in the IF and CR groups. These results suggest a clinical potential for IF and/or CR as an intervention to reduce brain damage and improve functional outcome in TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - A Pharayra
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M Har-Even
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - O Dvir
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Siegler A, Pick CG, Been E. Differences in body positional bilateral symmetry between stance and supine positions, and the impact of attention and awareness on postural symmetry. Gait Posture 2019; 68:476-482. [PMID: 30616176 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Postural asymmetries may cause structural pathological conditions and impaired movement pattern. The influence of body position and awareness towards symmetry has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was twofold: First, to compare the body positional bilateral symmetry between standing and supine positions, and second, to examine whether the awareness to symmetry can modify posture perception and body positional bilateral symmetry. METHODS We analyzed the degree of anterior postural alignment symmetry of 34 healthy subjects by photogrammetric method (three photographs in a standing position and three in a supine position). Each photo captured different state of awareness: Subjective Comfortable Posture (SCP), Subjective Perceived Symmetrical Posture (SPSP), and Guided Posture Protocol (GPP). RESULTS The standing position increased the symmetrical alignment of the neck (p < 0.013) and the upper limbs (p < 0.011). However, the supine position demonstrated increased symmetrical alignment of the upper trunk (p < 0.019) and the feet (p < 0.002). In the standing position, GPP showed greater symmetry of the neck (p < 0.022), the shoulders (p < 0.014), the thorax midline (p < 0.009), the upper trunk (p < 0.000) and the upper limbs (p < 0.029). No significant changes were observed in the supine position between the three states of awareness. CONCLUSIONS Study results indicate that the supine position shows greater degree of upper trunk's symmetrical alignment than the standing position. It also indicates that while standing, focusing attention into symmetry improves body positional bilateral symmetry. These results might have clinical implications when working with patients who suffer from asymmetric posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Siegler
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; The Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair and Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ella Been
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Sports Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Professions, Ono Academic College, Israel.
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Ratliff WA, Mervis RF, Citron BA, Schwartz B, Rubovitch V, Schreiber S, Pick CG. Mild blast-related TBI in a mouse model alters amygdalar neurostructure and circuitry. Exp Neurol 2019; 315:9-14. [PMID: 30711646 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a signature injury of our modern conflicts. Due in part to increased use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs), we have seen blast trauma make up a significant portion of TBIs sustained by deployed troops and civilians. In addition to the physical injury, TBI is also a common comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous research suggests that PTSD is often associated with increased signaling within the amygdala, leading to feelings of fear and hyperarousal. In our study, we utilized a mouse model of mild blast-related TBI (bTBI) to investigate how TBI induces changes within the amygdala, which may provide favorable conditions for the development of PTSD. To do this, we performed Golgi staining on the stellate neurons of the basolateral amygdala and quantified dendritic amount, distribution, and complexity. We found increases in dendritic branching and in the density of dendritic spines in injured mice. Increases in spine density appears to be primarily due to increases in memory associated mushroom type dendritic spines. These changes observed in our bTBI model that are consistent with chronic stress models, suggesting an important connection between the physical changes induced by TBI and the neurological symptoms of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A Ratliff
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL 33744, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Ronald F Mervis
- NeuroStructural Analytics, Inc., Columbus, OH, USA; Center for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 2 Tampa General Circle, Tampa, FL 33606, USA
| | - Bruce A Citron
- Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Research and Development, 151, Bldg. 22 Rm. 123, 10000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bay Pines, FL 33744, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, USF College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 7, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; VA New Jersey Health Care System, Research & Development, Mailstop 15, Bldg. 16, Rm. 16-176, 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers- New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07101, USA
| | - Brian Schwartz
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Chair, Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Bader M, Li Y, Lecca D, Rubovitch V, Tweedie D, Glotfelty E, Rachmany L, Kim HK, Choi HI, Hoffer BJ, Pick CG, Greig NH, Kim DS. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of PT302, a sustained-release Exenatide formulation, in a murine model of mild traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:439-453. [PMID: 30471415 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which no effective pharmacological treatment is available. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogues such as Exenatide have previously demonstrated neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects in cellular and animal models of TBI. However, chronic or repeated administration was needed for efficacy. In this study, the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of PT302, a clinically available sustained-release Exenatide formulation (SR-Exenatide) were evaluated in a concussive mild (m)TBI mouse model. A single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of PT302 (0.6, 0.12, and 0.024 mg/kg) was administered and plasma Exenatide concentrations were time-dependently measured over 3 weeks. An initial rapid regulated release of Exenatide in plasma was followed by a secondary phase of sustained-release in a dose-dependent manner. Short- and longer-term (7 and 30 day) cognitive impairments (visual and spatial deficits) induced by weight drop mTBI were mitigated by a single post-injury treatment with Exenatide delivered by s.c. injection of PT302 in clinically translatable doses. Immunohistochemical evaluation of neuronal cell death and inflammatory markers, likewise, cross-validated the neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of SR-Exenatide in this mouse mTBI model. Exenatide central nervous system concentrations were 1.5% to 2.0% of concomitant plasma levels under steady-state conditions. These data demonstrate a positive beneficial action of PT302 in mTBI. This convenient single, sustained-release dosing regimen also has application for other neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and multiple sclerosis where prior preclinical studies, likewise, have demonstrated positive Exenatide actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yazhou Li
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniela Lecca
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elliot Glotfelty
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lital Rachmany
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hee Kyung Kim
- Peptron Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Il Choi
- Peptron Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Drug Design and Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ben Shimon M, Zeimer T, Shavit Stein E, Artan-Furman A, Harnof S, Chapman J, Eisenkraft A, Pick CG, Maggio N. Recovery from trauma induced amnesia correlates with normalization of thrombin activity in the mouse hippocampus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188524. [PMID: 29182653 PMCID: PMC5705129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient amnesia is a common consequence of minimal traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, while recent findings have addressed the mechanisms involved in its onset, the processes contributing to its recovery have not yet been addressed. Recently, we have found that thrombin is detected at high concentrations in the brain of mice after exposure to mTBI and that in such settings amnesia is rescued by either inhibiting thrombin activity or by blockade of PAR1. Here, we report that mice spontaneously recover from amnesia after two weeks from mTBI exposure. At this time point, long term potentiation was equally evoked in injured vs. control animals with thrombin concentration in the brain being normalized at this stage. These findings, which refer to the specific aspect of memory retrieval upon mTBI, together with our previous work, hint to a strong correlation between cognitive defects in the context of mTBI and thrombin concentrations in the brain. This may suggest that a possible scavenging of thrombin in the brain at early phases following mTBI may improve memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ben Shimon
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Talya Zeimer
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Efrat Shavit Stein
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Sagi Harnof
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arik Eisenkraft
- The Institute for Research in Military Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicola Maggio
- Department of Neurology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Benromano T, Pick CG, Merick J, Defrin R. Physiological and Behavioral Responses to Calibrated Noxious Stimuli Among Individuals with Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disability. Pain Med 2017; 18:441-453. [PMID: 27473634 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective As individuals with intellectual disability (ID) due to cerebral palsy (CP) are at high risk of experiencing pain, measuring their pain is crucial for adequate treatment. While verbal reports are the gold standard in pain measurements, they may not be sufficient in ID. The aim was to detect behavioral/autonomic responses that may indicate the presence and intensity of pain in individuals with CP and ID, using calibrated stimuli, here for the first time. Subjects Thirteen adults with CP and ID (CPID), 15 healthy controls (HC), and 5 adults with CP with no ID (CPNID). Methods Subjects received pressure stimuli of various intensities. Self-reports (using a pyramid scale), facial expressions (retrospectively analyzed with Facial Action Coding System = FACS), and autonomic function (heart rate, heart rate variability, pulse, galvanic skin response) were analyzed. Results Self-reports and facial expressions but not the autonomic function exhibited stimulus-response relationship to pressure stimulation among all groups. The CPID group had increased pain ratings and facial expressions compared with controls. In addition, the increase in facial expressions along the increase in noxious stimulation was larger than in controls. Freezing in response to pain was frequent in CPID. Conclusions 1) Individuals with CP and ID have increased responses to pain; 2) facial expressions and self-reports, but not autonomic variables can reliably indicate their pain intensity; 3) the pyramid scale is suitable for self-report in this population. Although facial expressions may replace verbal reports, increased facial expressions at rest among these individuals may mask pain, especially at lower intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Benromano
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Joav Merick
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Office of the Medical Director, Health Services, Division for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services, Jerusalem and Division of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Defrin
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.,Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Hoffer BJ, Pick CG, Hoffer ME, Becker RE, Chiang YH, Greig NH. Repositioning drugs for traumatic brain injury - N-acetyl cysteine and Phenserine. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:71. [PMID: 28886718 PMCID: PMC5591517 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality of both young adults of less than 45 years of age and the elderly, and contributes to about 30% of all injury deaths in the United States of America. Whereas there has been a significant improvement in our understanding of the mechanism that underpin the primary and secondary stages of damage associated with a TBI incident, to date however, this knowledge has not translated into the development of effective new pharmacological TBI treatment strategies. Prior experimental and clinical studies of drugs working via a single mechanism only may have failed to address the full range of pathologies that lead to the neuronal loss and cognitive impairment evident in TBI and other disorders. The present review focuses on two drugs with the potential to benefit multiple pathways considered important in TBI. Notably, both agents have already been developed into human studies for other conditions, and thus have the potential to be rapidly repositioned as TBI therapies. The first is N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) that is currently used in over the counter medications for its anti-inflammatory properties. The second is (-)-phenserine ((-)-Phen) that was originally developed as an experimental Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug. We briefly review background information about TBI and subsequently review literature suggesting that NAC and (-)-Phen may be useful therapeutic approaches for TBI, for which there are no currently approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael E Hoffer
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Saykally JN, Ratliff WA, Keeley KL, Pick CG, Mervis RF, Citron BA. Repetitive Mild Closed Head Injury Alters Protein Expression and Dendritic Complexity in a Mouse Model. J Neurotrauma 2017; 35:139-148. [PMID: 28701108 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide head injuries are a growing problem. In the United States alone, 1.7 million people suffer a head injury each year. While most of these injuries are mild, head injury sufferers still sustain symptoms that can have major medical and economical impacts. Moreover, repetitive mild head injuries, like those observed in active military personnel and athletes, have demonstrated a more severe and long-term set of consequences. In an effort to better understand the delayed pathological changes following multiple mild head injuries, we used a mouse model of mild closed head injury (with no motor deficits observed by rotarod testing) and measured dendritic complexity at 30 days after injury and potentially related factors up to 60 days post-injury. We found an increase in TDP-43 protein at 60 days post-injury in the hippocampus and a decrease in autophagy factors three days post-injury. Alterations in dendritic complexity were neuronal subtype and location specific. Measurements of neurotropic factors suggest that an increase in complexity in the cortex may be a consequence of neuronal loss of the less connected neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Saykally
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research and Development 151, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System , Bay Pines, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Whitney A Ratliff
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research and Development 151, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System , Bay Pines, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Kristen L Keeley
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research and Development 151, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System , Bay Pines, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Chaim G Pick
- 3 Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronald F Mervis
- 4 NeuroStructural Research Laboratories, Inc. , Tampa, Florida.,5 Center for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Bruce A Citron
- 1 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research and Development 151, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System , Bay Pines, Florida.,2 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
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Schreiber S, Bader M, Rubovitch V, Pick CG. Interaction between methylphenidate, methadone and different antidepressant drugs on antinociception in mice, and possible clinical implications. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:300-307. [PMID: 26529542 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1086492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methylphenidate (MPH), a psychostimulant used for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is widely used by patients on antidepressants and methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Preclinical studies showed MPH to exert analgesic effects when given alone or with morphine. METHODS Using the hotplate assay on mice, we studied the interaction of acute doses of MPH with sub-threshold doses of methadone and different antidepressant medications and the interaction of increasing doses of MPH with chronic methadone. RESULTS Adding a sub-threshold dose of venlafaxine, desipramine or clomipramine to MPH produced significant augmentation of MPH antinociception with each medication (P < 0.05). No such interactions were found between escitalopram and acute methadone. However, addition of increasing doses of MPH to chronic methadone given for 2 weeks using ALZET osmotic mini pumps induced augmentation of the antinociceptive effect of chronic methadone exclusively at high dose of MPH (7.5 mg/kg). CONCLUSIONS These findings may implicate the need of an excessive attention to the administration of MPH to MMT patients. The no interaction found between MPH and escitalopram may hint to the possibly safe co-administration of MPH and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to depressed ADHD patients. Further studies are needed in order to validate these possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Schreiber
- a Department of Psychiatry , Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center & Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Miaad Bader
- b Department of Anatomy, and Anthropology , Sackler Faculty of Medicine
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- b Department of Anatomy, and Anthropology , Sackler Faculty of Medicine
| | - Chaim G Pick
- b Department of Anatomy, and Anthropology , Sackler Faculty of Medicine.,c Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
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Lesniak A, Leszczynski P, Bujalska-Zadrozny M, Pick CG, Sacharczuk M. Naloxone exacerbates memory impairments and depressive-like behavior after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in mice with upregulated opioid system activity. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:209-216. [PMID: 28284950 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective role of the endogenous opioid system in the pathophysiological sequelae of brain injury remains largely ambiguous. Noteworthy, almost no data is available on how its genetically determined activity influences the outcome of mild traumatic brain injury. Thus, the aim of our study was to examine the effect of opioid receptor blockage on cognitive impairments produced by mild traumatic brain injury in mice selectively bred for high (HA) and low (LA) swim-stress induced analgesia that show innate divergence in opioid system activity. Mild traumatic brain injury was induced with a weight-drop device on anaesthetized mice. Naloxone (5mg/kg) was intraperitoneally delivered twice a day for 7days to non-selectively block opioid receptors. Spatial memory performance and manifestations of depressive-like behavior were assessed using the Morris Water Maze and tail suspension tests, respectively. Mild traumatic brain injury resulted in a significant deterioration of spatial memory performance and severity of depressive-like behavior in the LA mouse line as opposed to HA mice. Opioid receptor blockage with naloxone unmasked cognitive deficits in HA mice but was without effect in the LA line. The results suggest a protective role of genetically predetermined enhanced opioid system activity in suppression of mild brain trauma-induced cognitive impairments. Mice selected for high and low swim stress-induced analgesia might therefore be a useful model to study the involvement of the opioid system in the pathophysiology and neurological outcome of traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lesniak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Leszczynski
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy, and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland.
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Benromano T, Pick CG, Granovsky Y, Defrin R. Increased Evoked Potentials and Behavioral Indices in Response to Pain Among Individuals with Intellectual Disability. Pain Medicine 2017; 18:1715-1730. [DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tamargo IA, Bader M, Li Y, Yu SJ, Wang Y, Talbot K, DiMarchi RD, Pick CG, Greig NH. Novel GLP-1R/GIPR co-agonist "twincretin" is neuroprotective in cell and rodent models of mild traumatic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2017; 288:176-186. [PMID: 27845037 PMCID: PMC5878017 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several single incretin receptor agonists that are approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been shown to be neuroprotective in cell and animal models of neurodegeneration. Recently, a synthetic dual incretin receptor agonist, nicknamed "twincretin," was shown to improve upon the metabolic benefits of single receptor agonists in mouse and monkey models of T2DM. In the current study, the neuroprotective effects of twincretin are probed in cell and mouse models of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), a prevalent cause of neurodegeneration in toddlers, teenagers and the elderly. Twincretin is herein shown to have activity at two different receptors, dose-dependently increase levels of intermediates in the neurotrophic CREB pathway and enhance viability of human neuroblastoma cells exposed to toxic concentrations of glutamate and hydrogen peroxide, insults mimicking the inflammatory conditions in the brain post-mTBI. Additionally, twincretin is shown to improve upon the neurotrophic effects of single incretin receptor agonists in these same cells. Finally, a clinically translatable dose of twincretin, when administered post-mTBI, is shown to fully restore the visual and spatial memory deficits induced by mTBI, as evaluated in a mouse model of weight drop close head injury. These results establish twincretin as a novel neuroprotective agent and suggest that it may improve upon the effects of the single incretin receptor agonists via dual agonism.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Body Temperature/drug effects
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic/drug therapy
- CREB-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/agonists
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/metabolism
- Humans
- Incretins/therapeutic use
- Male
- Maze Learning/drug effects
- Memory Disorders/etiology
- Memory Disorders/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/agonists
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/metabolism
- Recognition, Psychology/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Tamargo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Tweedie D, Rachmany L, Kim DS, Rubovitch V, Lehrmann E, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Perez E, Pick CG, Greig NH. Mild traumatic brain injury-induced hippocampal gene expressions: The identification of target cellular processes for drug development. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 272:4-18. [PMID: 26868732 PMCID: PMC4977213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses short-term or long-lasting health issues for family members and health care providers. Presently there are no approved medicines to treat TBI. Epidemiological evidence suggests that TBI may cause neurodegenerative disease later in life. In an effort to illuminate target cellular processes for drug development, we examined the effects of a mild TBI on hippocampal gene expression in mouse. METHODS mTBI was induced in a closed head, weight drop-system in mice (ICR). Animals were anesthetized and subjected to mTBI (30g). Fourteen days after injury the ipsilateral hippocampus was utilized for cDNA gene array studies. mTBI animals were compared with sham-operated animals. Genes regulated by TBI were identified to define TBI-induced physiological/pathological processes. mTBI regulated genes were divided into functional groupings to provide gene ontologies. Genes were further divided to identify molecular/cellular pathways regulated by mTBI. RESULTS Numerous genes were regulated after a single mTBI event that mapped to many ontologies and molecular pathways related to inflammation and neurological physiology/pathology, including neurodegenerative disease. CONCLUSIONS These data illustrate diverse transcriptional changes in hippocampal tissues triggered by a single mild injury. The systematic analysis of individual genes that lead to the identification of functional categories, such as gene ontologies and then molecular pathways, illustrate target processes of relevance to TBI pathology. These processes may be further dissected to identify key factors that can be evaluated at the protein level to highlight possible treatments for TBI in human disease and potential biomarkers of neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Lital Rachmany
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Peptron Inc., 37-24, Yuseong-daero 1628 beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Evelyn Perez
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Wang JY, Huang YN, Chiu CC, Tweedie D, Luo W, Pick CG, Chou SY, Luo Y, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Wang JY. Erratum to: Pomalidomide mitigates neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and behavioral impairments induced by traumatic brain injury in rat. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:228. [PMID: 27616060 PMCID: PMC5018940 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ya Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ni Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Weiming Luo
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Szu-Yi Chou
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA.
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Levy D, Edut S, Baraz-Goldstein R, Rubovitch V, Defrin R, Bree D, Gariepy H, Zhao J, Pick CG. Responses of dural mast cells in concussive and blast models of mild traumatic brain injury in mice: Potential implications for post-traumatic headache. Cephalalgia 2016; 36:915-23. [PMID: 26566937 PMCID: PMC5500910 DOI: 10.1177/0333102415617412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic post-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most common symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) but its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Inflammatory degranulation of dural mast cells (MCs) is thought to promote headache, and may play a role in PTH. Whether mTBI is associated with persistent degranulation of dural MCs is yet to be determined. METHODS Histochemistry was used to evaluate time course changes in dural MC density and degranulation level in concussive head trauma and blast mouse models of mTBI. The effects of sumatriptan and the MC stabilizer cromolyn sodium on concussion-evoked dural MC degranulation were also investigated. RESULTS Concussive head injury evoked persistent MC degranulation for at least 30 days. Blast trauma gave rise to a delayed MC degranulation response commencing at seven days that also persisted for at least 30 days. Neither sumatriptan nor cromolyn treatment reduced concussion-evoked persistent MC degranulation. CONCLUSIONS mTBI evoked by closed head injury or blast exposure is associated with persistent dural MC degranulation. Such a response in mTBI patients may contribute to PTH. Amelioration of PTH by sumatriptan may not involve inhibition of dural MC degranulation. If persistent dural MC degranulation contributes to PTH, then cromolyn treatment may not be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Shahaf Edut
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Renana Baraz-Goldstein
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ruth Defrin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Dara Bree
- Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Helaine Gariepy
- Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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41
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Weiss R, Bitton A, Ben Shimon M, Elhaik Goldman S, Nahary L, Cooper I, Benhar I, Pick CG, Chapman J. Annexin A2, autoimmunity, anxiety and depression. J Autoimmun 2016; 73:92-9. [PMID: 27372915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is associated with neurological manifestations and one of the novel autoantigens associated with this disease is Annexin A2 (ANXA2). In this work we have examined the effect of high levels of autoantibodies to ANXA2 on the brain in a mouse model. METHODS Recombinant ANXA2 emulsified in adjuvant was used to immunize mice while mice immunized with adjuvant only served as controls. At peak antibody levels the animal underwent behavioral and cognitive tests and their brains were examined for ANXA2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and expression of ANXA2 and the closely linked protein p11. RESULTS Very high levels of anti-ANXA2 antibodies (Abs) were associated with reduced anxiety in the open field 13.14% ± 0.89% of the time in the center compared to 8.64% ± 0.91% observed in the control mice (p < 0.001 by t-test). A forced swim test found significantly less depression manifested by immobility in the ANXA2 group. The changes in behavior were accompanied by a significant reduction in serum corticosteroid levels of ANXA2 group compared to controls. Moreover, higher levels of total IgG and p11 expression were found in ANXA2 group brains. Lower levels of circulating anti-ANXA2 Abs were not associated with behavioral changes. CONCLUSIONS We have established an animal model with high levels of anti-ANXA2 Abs which induced IgG accumulation in the brain and specific anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects. This model promises to further our understanding of autoimmune disease such as APS and to provide better understanding of the role of the ANXA2-p11 complex in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Weiss
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Bitton
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - M Ben Shimon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Elhaik Goldman
- BBB-Group, The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel
| | - L Nahary
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - I Cooper
- BBB-Group, The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621, Israel; The Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
| | - I Benhar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - C G Pick
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Anatomy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Chapman
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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42
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Wang JY, Huang YN, Chiu CC, Tweedie D, Luo W, Pick CG, Chou SY, Luo Y, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Wang JY. Pomalidomide mitigates neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and behavioral impairments induced by traumatic brain injury in rat. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:168. [PMID: 27353053 PMCID: PMC4924242 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health concern that typically causes emotional disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Secondary pathologies following TBI may be associated with chronic neurodegenerative disorders and an enhanced likelihood of developing dementia-like disease in later life. There are currently no approved drugs for mitigating the acute or chronic effects of TBI. METHODS The effects of the drug pomalidomide (Pom), an FDA-approved immunomodulatory agent, were evaluated in a rat model of moderate to severe TBI induced by controlled cortical impact. Post-TBI intravenous administration of Pom (0.5 mg/kg at 5 or 7 h and 0.1 mg/kg at 5 h) was evaluated on functional and histological measures that included motor function, fine more coordination, somatosensory function, lesion volume, cortical neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). RESULTS Pom 0.5 mg/kg administration at 5 h, but not at 7 h post-TBI, significantly mitigated the TBI-induced injury volume and functional impairments, neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and cytokine mRNA and protein induction. To evaluate underlying mechanisms, the actions of Pom on neuronal survival, microglial activation, and the induction of TNF-α were assessed in mixed cortical cultures following a glutamate challenge. Pom dose-dependently ameliorated glutamate-mediated cytotoxic effects on cell viability and reduced microglial cell activation, significantly attenuating the induction of TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Post-injury treatment with a single Pom dose within 5 h significantly reduced functional impairments in a well-characterized animal model of TBI. Pom decreased the injury lesion volume, augmented neuronal survival, and provided anti-inflammatory properties. These findings strongly support the further evaluation and optimization of Pom for potential use in clinical TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ya Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ni Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Weiming Luo
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Szu-Yi Chou
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
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Baratz-Goldstein R, Deselms H, Heim LR, Khomski L, Hoffer BJ, Atlas D, Pick CG. Thioredoxin-Mimetic-Peptides Protect Cognitive Function after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157064. [PMID: 27285176 PMCID: PMC4902227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is recognized as a common injury among children, sportsmen, and elderly population. mTBI lacks visible objective structural brain damage but patients frequently suffer from long-lasting cognitive, behavioral and emotional difficulties associated with biochemical and cellular changes. Currently there is no effective treatment for patients with mTBI. The thioredoxin reductase/thioredoxin pathway (TrxR/Trx1) has both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. If the system is compromised, Trx1 remains oxidized and triggers cell death via an ASK1-Trx1 signal transduction mechanism. We previously showed tri and tetra peptides which were derived from the canonical -CxxC- motif of the Trx1-active site, called thioredoxin mimetic (TXM) peptides, reversed inflammatory and oxidative stress damage mimicking Trx1 activity. Here, TXM-peptides were examined for protecting cognitive function following weight drop closed-head injury in a mouse model of mTBI. TXM-CB3 (AcCys-Pro-CysNH2), TXM-CB13 (DY-70; AcCys-Met-Lys-CysNH2) or AD4 (ACysNH2) were administered at 50 mg/kg, 60 min after injury and cognitive performance was monitored by the novel-object-recognition and Y-maze tests. Behavioral deficits subsequent to mTBI injury were reversed by a single dose of TXM-CB3, TXM-CB13 and, to a lesser extent, by AD4. TXM-CB13 similar to TXM-CB3 and AD4 reversed oxidative stress-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated kinases, p38MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, (JNK) in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. We conclude that significantly improved cognitive behavior post mTBI by the TXM-peptides could result from anti-apoptotic, and/or anti-inflammatory activities. Future preclinical studies are required to establish the TXM-peptides as potential therapeutic drugs for brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renana Baratz-Goldstein
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail: (RBG); (DA)
| | - Hanna Deselms
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Leore Raphael Heim
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lena Khomski
- Department Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daphne Atlas
- Department Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
- * E-mail: (RBG); (DA)
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Tweedie D, Fukui K, Li Y, Yu QS, Barak S, Tamargo IA, Rubovitch V, Holloway HW, Lehrmann E, Wood WH, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Perez E, Van Praag H, Luo Y, Hoffer BJ, Becker RE, Pick CG, Greig NH. Cognitive Impairments Induced by Concussive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mouse Are Ameliorated by Treatment with Phenserine via Multiple Non-Cholinergic and Cholinergic Mechanisms. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156493. [PMID: 27254111 PMCID: PMC4890804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), often caused by a concussive impact to the head, affects an estimated 1.7 million Americans annually. With no approved drugs, its pharmacological treatment represents a significant and currently unmet medical need. In our prior development of the anti-cholinesterase compound phenserine for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, we recognized that it also possesses non-cholinergic actions with clinical potential. Here, we demonstrate neuroprotective actions of phenserine in neuronal cultures challenged with oxidative stress and glutamate excitotoxicity, two insults of relevance to TBI. These actions translated into amelioration of spatial and visual memory impairments in a mouse model of closed head mild TBI (mTBI) two days following cessation of clinically translatable dosing with phenserine (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg BID x 5 days initiated post mTBI) in the absence of anti-cholinesterase activity. mTBI elevated levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of oxidative stress. Phenserine counteracted this by augmenting homeostatic mechanisms to mitigate oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase [SOD] 1 and 2, and glutathione peroxidase [GPx], the activity and protein levels of which were measured by specific assays. Microarray analysis of hippocampal gene expression established that large numbers of genes were exclusively regulated by each individual treatment with a substantial number of them co-regulated between groups. Molecular pathways associated with lipid peroxidation were found to be regulated by mTBI, and treatment of mTBI animals with phenserine effectively reversed injury-induced regulations in the ‘Blalock Alzheimer’s Disease Up’ pathway. Together these data suggest that multiple phenserine-associated actions underpin this compound’s ability to ameliorate cognitive deficits caused by mTBI, and support the further evaluation of the compound as a therapeutic for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Koji Fukui
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
- Division of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 3378570, Japan
| | - Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Qian-sheng Yu
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Shani Barak
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Ian A. Tamargo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Harold W. Holloway
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - William H. Wood
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Kevin G. Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Evelyn Perez
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Henriette Van Praag
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Robert E. Becker
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
- Independent Researcher, 7123 Pinebrook Road, Park City, UT 94098, United States of America
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Itsekson-Hayosh Z, Shavit-Stein E, Katzav A, Rubovitch V, Maggio N, Chapman J, Harnof S, Pick CG. Minimal Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice: Protease-Activated Receptor 1 and Thrombin-Related Changes. J Neurotrauma 2016; 33:1848-1854. [PMID: 26537880 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimal traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is partially defined by the existence of retrograde amnesia and is associated with microscopic bleeds containing activated coagulation factors. In a previous study, we have found that mTBI immediately releases thrombin-like activity in the brain, which induces amnesia by activating protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) and blocking long-term potentiation (LTP). In the present study, we assessed the effects of mTBI on thrombin and PAR-1 levels in the brain using the same model. After the immediate elevation, thrombin activity returned to baseline 1 h post-trauma and increased again 72 h later (42% relative to control; p < 0.005). These changes were associated with a significant increase in PAR-1 levels 24 (17%; p < 0.05) and 72 h (20%; p < 0.05) post-trauma. Interestingly, the late elevation in thrombin-like activity was also associated with elevation of the major central nervous system thrombin inhibitor, protease nexin-1, 72 h post-mTBI (10%; p < 0.005). When thrombin was injected into brain ventricles, an increased sensitivity to seizure-like activity was detected at 72 h post-mTBI. The results are compatible with astrocyte activation post-mTBI resulting in increased thrombin secretion, PAR-1 expression, and seizure sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeev Itsekson-Hayosh
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,2 Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Efrat Shavit-Stein
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,2 Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Aviva Katzav
- 2 Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- 4 Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicola Maggio
- 2 Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel .,3 The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel .,7 Department of Neurology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,8 Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,2 Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel .,6 Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,8 Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sagi Harnof
- 5 Department of Neurosurgery, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center , Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- 4 Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel .,8 Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
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Lesniak A, Pick CG, Misicka A, Lipkowski AW, Sacharczuk M. Biphalin protects against cognitive deficits in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Neuropharmacology 2016; 101:506-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Defrin R, Riabinin M, Feingold Y, Schreiber S, Pick CG. Deficient pain modulatory systems in patients with mild traumatic brain and chronic post-traumatic headache: implications for its mechanism. J Neurotrauma 2015; 32:28-37. [PMID: 25068510 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prevalence rate of chronic post-traumatic headache (CPTHA) after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) reaches up to 95%, its mechanism is unknown, and little is known about the characteristics of the pain system in this condition. Our aim was to investigate the capabilities of two pain modulatory systems among individuals with CPTHA and study their association with CPTHA, here for the first time. Forty-six subjects participated; 16 with TBI and CPTHA, 12 with TBI without CPTHA, and 18 healthy controls. Testing included the measurement of heat-pain (HPT) and pressure-pain (PPT) thresholds in the forehead and forearm, pain adaptation to tonic noxious heat, and conditioned pain modulation (CPM).The participants completed a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) questionnaire. The two TBI groups did not differ in the TBI and background characteristics. However, TBI patients with CPTHA had significantly higher HPT and lower PPT in the cranium and higher PTSD symptomatology than TBI patients without CPTHA and healthy controls. Adaptation to pain and CPM were diminished in the CPTHA group compared with the two control groups. The intensity of CPTHA correlated negatively with cranial PPT, magnitude of pain adaptation, and CPM. CPTHA intensity correlated positively with PTSD symptomatology. CPTHA appears to be characterized by cranial hyperalgesia and dysfunctional pain modulation capabilities, which are associated with CPTHA magnitude. It is concluded that damage to pain modulatory systems along with chronic cranial sensitization underlies the development of CPTHA. PTSD may reinforce CPTHA and vice versa. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Defrin
- 1 Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Tweedie D, Rachmany L, Rubovitch V, Li Y, Holloway HW, Lehrmann E, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Perez E, Hoffer BJ, Pick CG, Greig NH. Blast traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive deficits are attenuated by preinjury or postinjury treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 12:34-48. [PMID: 26327236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.07.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blast traumatic brain injury (B-TBI) affects military and civilian personnel. Presently, there are no approved drugs for blast brain injury. METHODS Exendin-4 (Ex-4), administered subcutaneously, was evaluated as a pretreatment (48 hours) and postinjury treatment (2 hours) on neurodegeneration, behaviors, and gene expressions in a murine open field model of blast injury. RESULTS B-TBI induced neurodegeneration, changes in cognition, and genes expressions linked to dementia disorders. Ex-4, administered preinjury or postinjury, ameliorated B-TBI-induced neurodegeneration at 72 hours, memory deficits from days 7-14, and attenuated genes regulated by blast at day 14 postinjury. DISCUSSION The present data suggest shared pathologic processes between concussive and B-TBI, with end points amenable to beneficial therapeutic manipulation by Ex-4. B-TBI-induced dementia-related gene pathways and cognitive deficits in mice somewhat parallel epidemiologic studies of Barnes et al. who identified a greater risk in US military veterans who experienced diverse TBIs, for dementia in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Lital Rachmany
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harold W Holloway
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Evelyn Perez
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Li Y, Bader M, Tamargo I, Rubovitch V, Tweedie D, Pick CG, Greig NH. Liraglutide is neurotrophic and neuroprotective in neuronal cultures and mitigates mild traumatic brain injury in mice. J Neurochem 2015; 135:1203-1217. [PMID: 25982185 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a brain dysfunction for which there is no present effective treatment, is often caused by a concussive impact to the head and affects an estimated 1.7 million Americans annually. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that exendin-4, a long-lasting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, has neuroprotective effects in cellular and animal models of TBI. Here, we demonstrate neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of a different GLP-1R agonist, liraglutide, in neuronal cultures and a mouse model of mild TBI (mTBI). Liraglutide promoted dose-dependent proliferation in SH-SY5Y cells and in a GLP-1R over-expressing cell line at reduced concentrations. Pre-treatment with liraglutide rescued neuronal cells from oxidative stress- and glutamate excitotoxicity-induced cell death. Liraglutide produced neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects similar to those of exendin-4 in vitro. The cAMP/PKA/pCREB pathway appears to play an important role in this neuroprotective activity of liraglutide. Furthermore, our findings in cell culture were well-translated in a weight drop mTBI mouse model. Post-treatment with a clinically relevant dose of liraglutide for 7 days in mice ameliorated memory impairments caused by mTBI when evaluated 7 and 30 days post trauma. These data cross-validate former studies of exendin-4 and suggest that liraglutide holds therapeutic potential for the treatment of mTBI. Exendin-4, a long-lasting glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, has neuroprotective effects in cellular and animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we demonstrate neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of a different GLP-1R agonist, liraglutide, in neuronal cultures and a mouse model of mild TBI (mTBI). Liraglutide promoted dose-dependent proliferation in SH-SY5Y cells and in a GLP-1R over-expressing cell line at reduced concentrations. Pretreatment with liraglutide rescued neuronal cells from oxidative stress- and glutamate excitotoxicity-induced cell death. Liraglutide produced neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects similar to those of exendin-4 in vitro, likely involving the cAMP/PKA/pCREB pathway. Our findings in cell culture were well-translated in a weight-drop mTBI mouse model. Post-treatment with a clinically relevant dose of liraglutide for 7 days in mice ameliorated memory impairments caused by mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miaad Bader
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Ian Tamargo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vardit Rubovitch
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - David Tweedie
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 69978 Israel
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ben Shimon M, Lenz M, Ikenberg B, Becker D, Shavit Stein E, Chapman J, Tanne D, Pick CG, Blatt I, Neufeld M, Vlachos A, Maggio N. Thrombin regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity: implications for health and disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:151. [PMID: 25954157 PMCID: PMC4404867 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin, a serine protease involved in the blood coagulation cascade has been shown to affect neural function following blood-brain barrier breakdown. However, several lines of evidence exist that thrombin is also expressed in the brain under physiological conditions, suggesting an involvement of thrombin in the regulation of normal brain functions. Here, we review ours’ as well as others’ recent work on the role of thrombin in synaptic transmission and plasticity through direct or indirect activation of Protease-Activated Receptor-1 (PAR1). These studies propose a novel role of thrombin in synaptic plasticity, both in physiology as well as in neurological diseases associated with increased brain thrombin/PAR1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ben Shimon
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Maximilian Lenz
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benno Ikenberg
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Denise Becker
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Efrat Shavit Stein
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Department of Neurology, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Tanne
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Department of Neurology, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chaim G Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Blatt
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Department of Neurology, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miri Neufeld
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Department of Neurology, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel ; Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Unit, The Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicola Maggio
- Department of Neurology, The J. Sagol Neuroscience Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel ; Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel HaShomer, Israel
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