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Beganovic S, Wittmann C. Medical properties, market potential, and microbial production of golden polyketide curcumin for food, biomedical, and cosmetic applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 87:103112. [PMID: 38518404 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Curcumin, a potent plant polyketide in turmeric, has gained recognition for its outstanding health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Classical turmeric farming, which is widely used to produce curcumin, is linked to deforestation, soil degradation, excessive water use, and reduced biodiversity. In recent years, the microbial synthesis of curcumin has been achieved and optimized through novel strategies, offering increased safety, improved sustainability, and the potential to revolutionize production. Here, we discuss recent breakthroughs in microbial engineering and fermentation techniques, as well as their capacity to increase the yield, purity, and cost-effectiveness of curcumin production. The utilization of microbial systems not only addresses supply chain limitations but also helps meet the growing demand for curcumin in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Beganovic
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Germany
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2
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Topal A, Oğuş H, Sulukan E, Comaklı S, Ceyhun SB. Okadaic acid enhances NfKB, TLR-4, caspase 3, ERK ½, c-FOS, and 8-OHdG signaling pathways activation in brain tissues of zebrafish larvae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109529. [PMID: 38561069 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the potential neuronal damage mechanism of the okadaic acid (OA) in the brain tissues of zebrafish embryos by evaluating in terms of immunofluorescence of Nf KB, TLR-4, caspase 3, ERK ½, c-FOS and 8-OHdG signaling pathways. We also evaluated body malformations. For this purpose, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml and 2.5 μg/ml of OA for 5 days. After application, FITC/GFP labeled protein-specific antibodies were used in immunofluorescence assay for NfKB, TLR-4, caspase 3, ERK ½, c-FOS and 8-OHdG respectively. The results indicated that OA caused immunofluorescence positivity of NfKB, TLR-4, caspase 3, ERK ½, c-FOS and 8-OHdG in a dose-dependent manner in the brain tissues of zebrafish embryos. Pericardial edema (PE), nutrient sac edema (YSE) and body malformations, tail malformation, short tail and head malformation (BM) were detected in zebrafish embryos. These results suggest that OA induces neuronal damage by affecting the modulation of DNA damage, apoptotic, and inflammatory activities in the brain tissues of zebrafish embryos. The increase in signaling pathways shows that OA can cause damage in the structure and function of brain nerve cells. Our results provide a new basis for the comprehensive assessment of the neural damage of OA and will offer enable us to better understand molecular the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of OA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Topal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Hatice Oğuş
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Sulukan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selim Comaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Saltuk Buğrahan Ceyhun
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey; Aquatic Biotechnology Laboratory, Fisheries Faculty, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Esmaealzadeh N, Miri MS, Mavaddat H, Peyrovinasab A, Ghasemi Zargar S, Sirous Kabiri S, Razavi SM, Abdolghaffari AH. The regulating effect of curcumin on NF-κB pathway in neurodegenerative diseases: a review of the underlying mechanisms. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01492-1. [PMID: 38769198 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are part of the central nervous system (CNS) disorders that indicate their presence with neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and increased oxidative stress. Several pathophysiological factors and biomarkers are involved in this inflammatory process causing these neurological disorders. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) is an inflammation element, which induced transcription and appears to be one of the important players in physiological procedures, especially nervous disorders. NF-κB can impact upon series of intracellular actions and induce or inhibit many inflammation-related pathways. Multiple reports have focused on the modification of NF-κB activity, controlling its expression, translocation, and signaling pathway in neurodegenerative disorders and injuries like Alzheimer's disease (AD), spinal cord injuries (SCI), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Curcumin has been noted to be a popular anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory substance and is the foremost natural compound produced by turmeric. According to various studies, when playing an anti-inflammatory role, it interacts with several modulating proteins of long-standing disease signaling pathways and has an unprovocative consequence on pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review article determined to figure out curcumin's role in limiting the promotion of neurodegenerative disease via influencing the NF-κB signaling route. Preclinical studies were gathered from plenty of scientific platforms including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar to evaluate this hypothesis. Extracted findings from the literature review explained the repressing impact of Curcumin on the NF-κB signaling pathway and, occasionally down-regulating the cytokine expression. Yet, there is an essential need for further analysis and specific clinical experiments to fully understand this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Traditional Persian Medicine and Complementary Medicine (PerCoMed) Student Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdis Sadat Miri
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helia Mavaddat
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Peyrovinasab
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghasemi Zargar
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Sirous Kabiri
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehrad Razavi
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, No. 99, Yakhchal, Gholhak, Shariati St., P. O. Box: 19419-33111, Tehran, Iran.
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Islam F, Roy S, Zehravi M, Paul S, Sutradhar H, Yaidikar L, Kumar BR, Dogiparthi LK, Prema S, Nainu F, Rab SO, Doukani K, Emran TB. Polyphenols Targeting MAP Kinase Signaling Pathway in Neurological Diseases: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2686-2706. [PMID: 37922063 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a class of secondary metabolic products found in plants that have been extensively studied for how well they regulate biological processes, such as the proliferation of cells, autophagy, and apoptosis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated signaling cascade is currently identified as a crucial pro-inflammatory pathway that plays a significant role in the development of neuroinflammation. This process has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of several neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), CNS damage, and cerebral ischemia. Getting enough polyphenols through eating habits has resulted in mitigating the effects of oxidative stress (OS) and lowering the susceptibility to associated neurodegenerative disorders, including but not limited to multiple sclerosis (MS), AD, stroke, and PD. Polyphenols possess significant promise in dealing with the root cause of neurological conditions by modulating multiple therapeutic targets simultaneously, thereby attenuating their complicated physiology. Several polyphenolic substances have demonstrated beneficial results in various studies and are presently undergoing clinical investigation to treat neurological diseases (NDs). The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the different aspects of the MAPK pathway involved in neurological conditions, along with an appraisal of the progress made in using polyphenols to regulate the MAPK signaling system to facilitate the management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sumon Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, 51418, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shyamjit Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Hriday Sutradhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Lavanya Yaidikar
- Department of Pharmacology, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India
| | - B Raj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Moonray Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Raikal (V), Farooq Nagar (Tlq), Shadnagar (M), R.R Dist., Telangana, 501512, India
| | - Lakshman Kumar Dogiparthi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, MB School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MBU, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Prema
- Crescent School of Pharmacy, BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Safia Obaidur Rab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koula Doukani
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Ibn Khaldoun-Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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He H, Han Y, Wan Q, Yue Y, Li S, Su B, Li J. Curcumin inhibits propofol-induced autophagy of MN9D cells via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:461-472. [PMID: 38196274 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The rapid rise in propofol dependency and abuse has highlighted limited resources for addressing substance abuse-related cognitive impairment, prompting the development of novel therapies. Dysregulated autophagy flow accelerates neuronal cell death, and interventions countering this dysregulation offer an appealing strategy for neuronal protection. Curcumin, a potent natural polyphenol derived from turmeric rhizomes, is renowned for its robust antineurotoxic properties and enhanced cognitive function. Utilizing CCK-8 and Ki67 fluorescent staining, our study revealed that curcumin treatment increased cell viability and proliferative potential in MN9D cells exposed to propofol-induced neurotoxicity. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis demonstrated the partial restoration of dopamine synthesis, secretion levels, and TH expression in damaged MN9D cells treated with curcumin. Scanning electrode microscope images displayed reduced autolysosomes and phagosomes in curcumin-treated cells compared to the propofol group. Immunoblotting revealed that curcumin mitigated the degradation of LC3I to LC3II and p62 induced by propofol stimulation, with green fluorescence expression of LC3 postcurcumin treatment resembling that following autophagy inhibitor HCQ treatment, indicating that modulating autophagy flow can alleviate propofol's toxic effects. Moreover, curcumin treatment upregulated the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway, suggesting that curcumin potentially curtails autophagy dysregulation in nerve cells by activating Akt/mTOR/p70S6K. In conclusion, our findings suggest that curcumin can ameliorate propofol abuse-induced neurotoxicity, partially through autophagy regulation and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mianyang Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Neuro-regulation, Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuping Han
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuyan Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Mianyang Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Neuro-regulation, Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Yue
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shurong Li
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingyin Su
- Development and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- Mianyang Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Neuro-regulation, Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
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Zhou J, Sun F, Zhang W, Feng Z, Yang Y, Mei Z. Novel insight into the therapeutical potential of flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1352760. [PMID: 38487170 PMCID: PMC10937431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1352760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to poor prognosis of ischemic stroke. Flavonoids are a broad family of plant polyphenols which are abundant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have beneficial effects on several diseases including ischemic stroke. Accumulating studies have indicated that flavonoids derived from herbal TCM are effective in alleviating CIRI after ischemic stroke in vitro or in vivo, and exhibit favourable therapeutical potential. Herein, we systematically review the classification, metabolic absorption, neuroprotective efficacy, and mechanisms of TCM flavonoids against CIRI. The literature suggest that flavonoids exert potential medicinal functions including suppressing excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overloading, oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombin's cellular toxicity, different types of programmed cell deaths, and protecting the blood-brain barrier, as well as promoting neurogenesis in the recovery stage following ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we identified certain matters that should be taken into account in future research, as well as proposed difficulties and opportunities in transforming TCM-derived flavonoids into medications or functional foods for the treatment or prevention of CIRI. Overall, in this review we aim to provide novel ideas for the identification of new prospective medication candidates for the therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Chinese Medicine Approved by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
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Gong Z, Guo J, Liu B, Guo Y, Cheng C, Jiang Y, Liang N, Hu M, Song T, Yang L, Li H, Zhang H, Zong X, Che Q, Shi N. Mechanisms of immune response and cell death in ischemic stroke and their regulation by natural compounds. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1287857. [PMID: 38274789 PMCID: PMC10808662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), which is the third foremost cause of disability and death worldwide, has inflammation and cell death as its main pathological features. IS can lead to neuronal cell death and release factors such as damage-related molecular patterns, stimulating the immune system to release inflammatory mediators, thereby resulting in inflammation and exacerbating brain damage. Currently, there are a limited number of treatment methods for IS, which is a fact necessitating the discovery of new treatment targets. For this review, current research on inflammation and cell death in ischemic stroke was summarized. The complex roles and pathways of the principal immune cells (microglia, astrocyte, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophage) in the immune system after IS in inflammation are discussed. The mechanisms of immune cell interactions and the cytokines involved in these interactions are summarized. Moreover, the cell death mechanisms (pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, PANoptosis, and ferroptosis) and pathways after IS are explored. Finally, a summary is provided of the mechanism of action of natural pharmacological active ingredients in the treatment of IS. Despite significant recent progress in research on IS, there remain many challenges that need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qianzi Che
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Shi
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kanner J. Food Polyphenols as Preventive Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2103. [PMID: 38136222 PMCID: PMC10740609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the initiators in foods and in the stomach of oxidized dietary lipids, proteins, and lipid-oxidation end-products (ALEs), inducing in humans the development of several chronic diseases and cancer. Epidemiological, human clinical and animal studies supported the role of dietary polyphenols and derivatives in prevention of development of such chronic diseases. There is much evidence that polyphenols/derivatives at the right timing and concentration, which is critical, acts mostly in the aerobic stomach and generally in the gastrointestinal tract as reducing agents, scavengers of free radicals, trappers of reactive carbonyls, modulators of enzyme activity, generators of beneficial gut microbiota and effectors of cellular signaling. In the blood system, at low concentration, they act as generators of electrophiles and low concentration of H2O2, acting mostly as cellular signaling, activating the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/eNOS pathways and inhibiting the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, inducing the cells, organs and organism for eustress, adaptation and surviving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kanner
- Department of Food Science, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan 7505101, Israel; or
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrtion, Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 9190501, Israel
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Łanoszka K, Vlčková N. Natural Sirtuin1 Activators and Atherosclerosis: an Overview. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:979-994. [PMID: 38038821 PMCID: PMC10770200 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent findings investigating the impact of several natural sirtuin (SIRT) activators, particularly SIRT1, on atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Sirtuins that belong to a family of class III histone deacetylases are believed to be novel therapeutic targets to treat age-related and chronic diseases. SIRT expression is regulated by small molecules called SIRT-activating compounds that can be found in natural food products. SIRT1 may exert protective effects in atherosclerosis, which is said to be a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. Most of the evidence supporting the beneficial effects of these natural compounds comes from in vitro or animal-based studies, while there have been particularly few or inconsistent human-based studies evaluating their long-term impact in recent years. SIRT1 activation has been demonstrated to mitigate or prevent atherosclerosis through various mechanisms. However, further research is required to determine the optimal SIRT activator dosage and to establish a stronger correlation between health effects and the administration of bioactive compounds. Additionally, conducting more human clinical trials is necessary to ensure the safety of these compounds for preventing atherosclerosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łanoszka
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka Street, 30-149, Krakow, Poland
| | - Nimasha Vlčková
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka Street, 30-149, Krakow, Poland.
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Subramaniyan V, Lubau NSA, Mukerjee N, Kumarasamy V. Alcohol-induced liver injury in signalling pathways and curcumin's therapeutic potential. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:355-367. [PMID: 37868808 PMCID: PMC10585641 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Confronting the profound public health concern of alcohol-induced liver damage calls for inventive therapeutic measures. The social, economic, and clinical ramifications are extensive and demand a comprehensive understanding. This thorough examination uncovers the complex relationship between alcohol intake and liver damage, with a special emphasis on the pivotal roles of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB p65 and CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 signalling networks. Different alcohol consumption patterns, determined by a myriad of factors, have significant implications for liver health, leading to a spectrum of adverse effects. The TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway, a principal regulator of inflammation and immune responses, significantly contributes to various disease states when its balance is disrupted. Notably, the TLR4/MD-2-TNF-α pathway has been linked to non-alcohol related liver disease, while NF-κB activation is associated with alcohol-induced liver disease (ALD). The p65 subunit of NF-κB, primarily responsible for the release of inflammatory cytokines, hastens the progression of ALD. Breakthrough insights suggest that curcumin, a robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound sourced from turmeric, effectively disrupts the TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway. This heralds a new approach to managing alcohol-induced liver damage. Initial clinical trials support curcumin's therapeutic potential, highlighting its ability to substantially reduce liver enzyme levels. The narrative surrounding alcohol-related liver injury is gradually becoming more intricate, intertwining complex signalling networks such as TLR4/NF-κB p65 and CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2. The protective role of curcumin against alcohol-related liver damage marks the dawn of new treatment possibilities. However, the full realisation of this promising therapeutic potential necessitates rigorous future research to definitively understand these complex mechanisms and establish curcumin's effectiveness and safety in managing alcohol-related liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Natasha Sura Anak Lubau
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary Collage, Kolkata, West Bengal 700118, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community and Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Du X, Amin N, Xu L, Botchway BOA, Zhang B, Fang M. Pharmacological intervention of curcumin via the NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249644. [PMID: 37915409 PMCID: PMC10616488 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic-induced neuronal injury arises due to low oxygen/nutrient levels and an inflammatory response that exacerbates neuronal loss. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is an important regulator of inflammation after ischemic stroke, with its inhibition being involved in nerve regeneration. Curcumin, a main active ingredient in Chinese herbs, plays a positive role in neuronal repair and neuroprotection by regulating the NLRP3 signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the signaling mechanisms relating to how curcumin regulates NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammation and neural restoration following ischemic stroke are unknown. In this report, we summarize the main biological functions of the NLRP3 inflammasome along with the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of curcumin via impairment of the NLRP3 pathway in ischemic brain injury. We also discuss the role of medicinal interventions that target the NLRP3 and potential pathways, as well as possible directions for curcumin therapy to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and hinder inflammation in ischemic stroke. This report conclusively demonstrates that curcumin has neuroprotective properties that inhibit inflammation and prevent nerve cell loss, thereby delaying the progression of ischemic brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Du
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nashwa Amin
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Linhao Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benson O. A. Botchway
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Pharmacy Department, Bupa Cromwell Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Qian T, Li Z, Shang L, Huang S, Li G, Zheng W, Mao Y. pH/Temperature Responsive Curcumin-Loaded Micelle Nanoparticles Promote Functional Repair after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats via Modulation of Inflammation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:879-892. [PMID: 37580648 PMCID: PMC10519900 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The formation of an inhibitory inflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a great challenge for nerve regeneration. The poor local microenvironment exacerbates nerve cell death; therefore, the reconstruction of a favorable microenvironment through small-molecule drugs is a promising strategy for promoting nerve regeneration. METHODS In the present study, we synthesized curcumin-loaded micelle nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) to increase curcumin bioavailability and analyzed the physical and chemical properties of Cur-NPs by characterization experiments. We established an in vivo SCI model in rats and examined the ability of hind limb motor recovery using Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scoring and hind limb trajectory assays. We also analyzed neural regeneration after SCI using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The nanoparticles achieved the intelligent responsive release of curcumin while improving curcumin bioavailability. Most importantly, the released curcumin attenuated local inflammation by modulating the polarization of macrophages from an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. M2-type macrophages can promote cell differentiation, proliferation, matrix secretion, and reorganization by secreting or expressing pro-repair cytokines to reduce the inflammatory response. The enhanced inflammatory microenvironment supported neuronal regeneration, nerve remyelination, and reduced scar formation. These effects facilitated functional repair in rats, mainly in the form of improved hindlimb movements. CONCLUSION Here, we synthesized pH/temperature dual-sensitive Cur-NPs. While improving the bioavailability of the drug, they were also able to achieve a smart responsive release in the inflammatory microenvironment that develops after SCI. The Cur-NPs promoted the regeneration and functional recovery of nerves after SCI through anti-inflammatory effects, providing a promising strategy for the repair of SCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taibao Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Zhixiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Lijun Shang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Sutao Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Guanglin Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yingji Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation and School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, China.
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13
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Shamsnia HS, Roustaei M, Ahmadvand D, Butler AE, Amirlou D, Soltani S, Momtaz S, Jamialahmadi T, Abdolghaffari AH, Sahebkar A. Impact of curcumin on p38 MAPK: therapeutic implications. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2201-2212. [PMID: 37498375 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a herbal remedy which possesses numerous biological attributes including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties. Curcumin has been shown to impact a number of signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Wingless/Integrated (Wnt), Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transcription (JAK/STAT). P38 belongs to the MAPKs, is known as a stress-activated MAPK and is involved in diverse biological responses. P38 is activated in various signaling cascades. P38 plays a role in inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, motility and survival. This cascade can serve as a therapeutic target in many disorders. Extensive evidence confirms that curcumin impacts the P38 MAPK signaling pathway, through which it exerts anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and apoptotic effects. Hence, curcumin can positively affect inflammatory disorders and cancers, as well as to increase glucose uptake in cells. This review discusses the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of curcumin as effected through p38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Sadat Shamsnia
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Roustaei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Ahmadvand
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Dorsa Amirlou
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanam Soltani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Zhang L, Han Y, Wu X, Chen B, Liu S, Huang J, Kong L, Wang G, Ye Z. Research progress on the mechanism of curcumin in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: a narrative review. Apoptosis 2023; 28:1285-1303. [PMID: 37358747 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can result in different levels of cerebral impairment, and in severe cases, death. Curcumin, an essential bioactive component of turmeric, has a rich history as a traditional medicine for various ailments in numerous countries. Experimental and clinical research has established that curcumin offers a protective effect against cerebral I/R injury. Curcumin exerts its protective effects by acting on specific mechanisms such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibition of ferroptosis and pyroptosis, protection of mitochondrial function and structure, reduction of excessive autophagy, and improvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which ultimately help to preserve the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reducing apoptosis. There is currently a shortage of drugs undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury, highlighting the pressing need for research and development of novel treatments to address this injury. The primary objective of this study is to establish a theoretical basis for future clinical applications of curcumin by delineating the mechanisms and protective effects of curcumin against cerebral I/R injury. Adapted with permission from [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Yibo Han
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xuelan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Baoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Shuaiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Junyang Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Lingwen Kong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Zhiyi Ye
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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15
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Orellana-Urzúa S, Briones-Valdivieso C, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Potential Role of Natural Antioxidants in Countering Reperfusion Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1760. [PMID: 37760064 PMCID: PMC10525378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and acute myocardial infarction are leading causes of mortality worldwide. The latter accounts for approximately 9 million deaths annually. In turn, ischemic stroke is a significant contributor to adult physical disability globally. While reperfusion is crucial for tissue recovery, it can paradoxically exacerbate damage through oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and cell death. Therefore, it is imperative to explore diverse approaches aimed at minimizing ischemia/reperfusion injury to enhance clinical outcomes. OS primarily arises from an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or decreased endogenous antioxidant potential. Natural antioxidant compounds can counteract the injury mechanisms linked to ROS. While promising preclinical results, based on monotherapies, account for protective effects against tissue injury by ROS, translating these models into human applications has yielded controversial evidence. However, since the wide spectrum of antioxidants having diverse chemical characteristics offers varied biological actions on cell signaling pathways, multitherapy has emerged as a valuable therapeutic resource. Moreover, the combination of antioxidants in multitherapy holds significant potential for synergistic effects. This study was designed with the aim of providing an updated overview of natural antioxidants suitable for preventing myocardial and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Orellana-Urzúa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | | | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
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16
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Hoffman TR, Emsley SA, Douglas JC, Reed KR, Esquivel AR, Koyack MJ, Paddock BE, Videau P. Assessing Curcumin Uptake and Clearance and Their Influence on Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Drosophila melanogaster. BIOTECH 2023; 12:58. [PMID: 37754202 PMCID: PMC10526445 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
While normal levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are required for proper organismal function, increased levels result in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be managed via the scavenging activities of antioxidants (e.g., curcumin) and the action of enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this work, the uptake and clearance of dietary curcuminoids (consisting of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin) was assessed in Drosophila melanogaster larvae following chronic or acute exposure. High levels of curcuminoid uptake and loss were observed within a few hours and leveled off within eight hours post treatment onset. The addition or removal of curcuminoids from media resulted in corresponding changes in SOD activity, and the involvement of each of the three SOD genes was assessed for their contribution to total SOD activity. Taken together, these data provide insight into the uptake and clearance dynamics of curcuminoids and indicate that, while SOD activity generally increases following curcuminoid treatment, the individual SOD genes appear to contribute differently to this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy R. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Sarah A. Emsley
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Jenna C. Douglas
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Kaela R. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Abigail R. Esquivel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Marc J. Koyack
- School of Arts and Sciences, Gwynedd Mercy University, Gwynedd Valley, PA 19437, USA
| | - Brie E. Paddock
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - Patrick Videau
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
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17
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Xu J, Zheng B, Ma Y, Zhang X, Cheng J, Yang J, Li P, Zhang J, Jing L, Xu F. PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway regulates autophagy of hippocampal neurons in diabetic rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress. Behav Brain Res 2023; 452:114558. [PMID: 37390967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
It is reported that the co-morbidities of diabetes and depression will be a new challenge for humanity. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. The present study investigated the histopathology, autophagy of hippocampal neurons, and the PI3K-AKT- mTOR signaling pathway in type 2 diabetes with depression(T2DD) rats. The results showed that, the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T2DD in rats were induced successfully. Compared with the CUMS and T2DM groups, the T2DD group performed significantly fewer autonomic activities in the open-field test, and longer immobile in the force swimming test, and increasing of Corticosterone (CORT) in blood. The number of pyknotic neurons at cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in T2DD was significantly increased compared with CUMS and T2DM groups. Moreover, compared with the CUMS and T2DM groups, the mitochondrial autophagosomes were most abundant in the T2DD group. As shown in western blot and immunofluorescence, compared with the control group, in the CUMS, T2DM and T2DD groups, significantly increased expression of Beclin-1 and LC3B and decreased P62 were detected. In the PC12 cells, the relative amount of parkin and LC3B in the CORT+HG group was significantly higher than that in the CORT and HG groups. Compared with the control group, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR in CUMS, T2DM and T2DD groups were significantly decreased. Compared with the CUMS group, p-AKT/AKT, p-PI3K/PI3K and p-mTOR/mTOR in the T2DD group exhibited further decrease. Similar results were obtained in PC12 cells in vitro. It is suggests that memory and cognitive impairment in rats with co-morbidities of diabetes and depression might be related with hippocampal neuronal damage and autophagy increase, which was involved in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China; Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yanmei Ma
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Department of Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Li Jing
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
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18
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Zheng T, Jiang T, Huang Z, Ma H, Wang M. Role of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:a review of the mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1220862. [PMID: 37654609 PMCID: PMC10467294 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1220862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological process wherein reperfusion of an ischemic organ or tissue exacerbates the injury, posing a significant health threat and economic burden to patients and their families. I/R triggers a multitude of physiological and pathological events, such as inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, neuronal cell death, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hence, the development of effective therapeutic strategies targeting the pathological processes resulting from I/R is crucial for the rehabilitation and long-term enhancement of the quality of life in patients with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers refer to bioactive compounds extracted from Chinese herbal medicine, possessing anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, and the ability to modulate programmed cell death (PCD). TCM monomers have emerged as promising candidates for the treatment of CIRI and its subsequent complications. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that TCM monomers can enhance the recovery of neurological function following CIRI by mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, reducing neuronal cell death and functional impairment, as well as minimizing cerebral infarction volume. The neuroprotective effects of TCM monomers on CIRI have been extensively investigated, and a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms can pave the way for novel approaches to I/R treatment. This review aims to update and summarize evidence of the protective effects of TCMs in CIRI, with a focus on their role in modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, PCD, glutamate excitotoxicity, Ca2+ overload, as well as promoting blood-brain barrier repairment and angiogenesis. The main objective is to underscore the significant contribution of TCM monomers in alleviating CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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19
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Duan Q, Wu J. Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates cerebral I/R injury in rats via regulating VWF and autophagy-mediated SIRT1/FOXO1 pathway. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230698. [PMID: 37415610 PMCID: PMC10320570 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been found to inhibit the expression of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a marker of endothelial cell injury, but its mechanism in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains obscure. In this study, I/R model was constructed through middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats, followed by DHA administration. The effect of DHA on rat cerebral I/R injury was investigated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, TUNEL staining, and Western blot. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) isolated from newborn rats were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), and then treated with DHA. The results showed that MCAO treatment induced infarction, nerve cell apoptosis, and brain tissue impairment in rats, which was mitigated by DHA. OGD/R inhibited viability and accelerated apoptosis of BMVECs, which was alleviated by DHA. I/R procedures or OGD/R up-regulated expressions of VWF, ATG7, Beclin1, and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, while down-regulating Occludin, Claudin-5, ZO-1, P62, SIRT1, and FOXO1 expressions in vivo and in vitro; however, these effects of I/R procedures or OGD/R were offset by DHA. VWF overexpression reversed the above effects of DHA on OGD/R-induced BMVECs. In summary, DHA ameliorates cerebral I/R injury in rats by reducing VWF level and activating autophagy-mediated SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Duan
- Emergency Department, Nantong Rich Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226006, China
| | - Junxia Wu
- Emergency Department, The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong, No. 500 Yonghe Road, Gangzha District, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226000, China
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20
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Gravandi MM, Abdian S, Tahvilian M, Iranpanah A, Moradi SZ, Fakhri S, Echeverría J. Therapeutic targeting of Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway by natural products: A systematic and mechanistic approach for neurodegeneration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154821. [PMID: 37119761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs); however, the crucial targets are still unknown. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation are the most dominant pathways that strongly influence neurodegeneration. In this way, targeting the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway appears to be a developing strategy for combating NDDs like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, aging, and other NDDs. Accordingly, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potentials for the simultaneous modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway and play an essential role in NDDs. MAPKs include p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are important molecular players in neurodegeneration. Ras/Raf, which is located the upstream of MAPK pathway influences the initiation and progression of neurodegeneration and is regulated by natural products. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of plant- and marine-derived secondary metabolites against several NDDs through the modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of natural products on the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. Associated reference lists were also searched for the literature review. RESULTS From a total of 1495 results, finally 107 articles were included in the present study. The results show that several natural compounds such as alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoids, and nanoformulation were shown to have modulatory effects on the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Natural products are promising multi-targeted agents with on NDDs through Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. Nevertheless, additional and complementary studies are necessary to check its efficacy and potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maedeh Tahvilian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile.
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Tyuryaeva I, Lyublinskaya O. Expected and Unexpected Effects of Pharmacological Antioxidants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119303. [PMID: 37298254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we have collected the existing data on the bioactivity of antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, polyphenols, vitamin C) which are traditionally used in experimental biology and, in some cases, in the clinic. Presented data show that, despite the capacity of these substances to scavenge peroxides and free radicals in cell-free systems, their ability to exhibit these properties in vivo, upon pharmacological supplementation, has not been confirmed so far. Their cytoprotective activity is explained mainly by the ability not to suppress, but to activate multiple redox pathways, which causes biphasic hormetic responses and highly pleiotropic effects in cells. N-acetylcysteine, polyphenols, and vitamin C affect redox homeostasis by generating low-molecular-weight redox-active compounds (H2O2 or H2S), known for their ability to stimulate cellular endogenous antioxidant defense and promote cytoprotection at low concentrations but exert deleterious effects at high concentrations. Moreover, the activity of antioxidants strongly depends on the biological context and mode of their application. We show here that considering the biphasic and context-dependent response of cells on the pleiotropic action of antioxidants can help explain many of the conflicting results obtained in basic and applied research and build a more logical strategy for their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tyuryaeva
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Lyublinskaya
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Xu S, Huang P, Yang J, Du H, Wan H, He Y. Calycosin alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by repressing autophagy via STAT3/FOXO3a signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154845. [PMID: 37148714 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a common cerebrovascular disease (CVD) of the elderly, ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by high disability and mortality. Excessive autophagy induced by IS is implicated in neuronal death, therefore, the inhibition of immoderate autophagy is viewed as a potential therapeutic avenue to treat IS. Calysoin (CA) is a bioactive component of Radix Astragali, which has been widely used to treat CVDs. However, the mechanism of the treatment of IS by CA is still problematic. PURPOSE Based on the result of network pharmacology, whether CA inhibited autophagy by regulating the STAT3/FOXO3a pathway to alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was investigated in vivo and in vitro for the first time. STUDY DESIGN Integrate computational prediction and experimental validation based on network pharmacology. METHODS In current study, network pharmacology was applied to predict the mechanism of the treatment of IS by CA, and it was shown that CA alleviated CIRI by inhibiting autophagy via STAT3/FOXO3a signaling pathway. One hundred and twenty adult male specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo and PC12 cells in vitro were used to verify the above prediction results. The rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established by suture method, and oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model was used to simulate cerebral ischemia in vivo. The content of MDA, TNF-α, ROS and TGF-β1 in rat serum were detected by ELISA kits. The mRNA and protein expressions in brain tissue were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blotting. The expressions of LC3 in brain were detected immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS The experimental results demonstrated that administration of CA dosage-dependently improved rat CIRI as evidenced by the reduction in the cerebral infarct volume, amelioration of the neurological deficits. HE staining and transmission electron microscopy results revealed that CA ameliorated cerebral histopathological damage, abnormal mitochondrial morphology, and damaged mitochondrial cristae structure in MCAO/R rats. CA treatment exerted protective effects in CIRI by inhibiting inflammation response, oxidative stress injury, and cell apoptosis in rat and PC12 cells. CA relieved excessive autophagy induced by MCAO/R or OGD/R through downregulating the LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio and upregulating the SQSTM1 expression. CA treatment also decreased p-STAT3/STAT3 and p-FOXO3a/FOXO3a ratio in the cytoplasm and modulated the autophagy-related gene expression both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Treatment with CA attenuated CIRI by reducing excessive autophagy via STAT3/FOXO3a signal pathway in rat and PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haixia Du
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Huang Y, Omorou M, Gao M, Mu C, Xu W, Xu H. Hydrogen sulfide and its donors for the treatment of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114506. [PMID: 36906977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As an endogenous gas signalling molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is frequently present in a variety of mammals and plays a significant role in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in large quantities as a result of cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion, which is a very serious class of cerebrovascular diseases. ROS cause oxidative stress and induce specific gene expression that results in apoptosis. H2S reduces cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion-induced secondary injury via anti-oxidative stress injury, suppression of the inflammatory response, inhibition of apoptosis, attenuation of cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury, modulation of autophagy, and antagonism of P2X7 receptors, and it plays an important biological role in other cerebral ischaemic injury events. Despite the many limitations of the hydrogen sulfide therapy delivery strategy and the difficulty in controlling the ideal concentration, relevant experimental evidence demonstrating that H2S plays an excellent neuroprotective role in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This paper examines the synthesis and metabolism of the gas molecule H2S in the brain as well as the molecular mechanisms of H2S donors in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury and possibly other unknown biological functions. With the active development in this field, it is expected that this review will assist researchers in their search for the potential value of hydrogen sulfide and provide new ideas for preclinical trials of exogenous H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Moussa Omorou
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chenxi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weijing Xu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
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Yang X, Xu L, Zhao H, Xie T, Wang J, Wang L, Yang J. Curcumin protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation: a meta-analysis and mechanism exploration. Nutr Res 2023; 113:14-28. [PMID: 36996692 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that curcumin may protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, biological mechanisms vary across studies, limiting the clinical applicability of these findings. We performed a meta-analysis on publications evaluating curcumin administration in rat models of CIRI. Furthermore, we sought to test the hypothesis that curcumin alleviates CIRI through diminishing oxidation and inflammation. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane from the starting date of each database to May 2022 for experimental rat studies exploring the use of curcumin after ischemia reperfusion. Included articles were assessed for bias using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Data were aggregated by a random effects model. Curcumin administration significantly reduced neurological deficit score (20 studies; pooled mean difference [MD] = -1.57; 95% CI, -1.78 to -1.36, P < .00001), infarct volume (18 studies; pooled MD = -17.56%; 95% CI, -20.92% to -14.20%; P < 0.00001), and brain water content (8 studies, pooled MD = -11.29%, 95% CI: -16.48%, -6.11%, P < .00001). Compared with control, the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher, whereas the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and nuclear factor kappa B were significantly lower (P < .05). Subgroup analysis raised the possibility that intervention affections differed by curcumin's dose. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of curcumin's neuroprotection and mechanisms in rat CIRI models. Our analysis suggests the neuroprotective potential of curcumin in CIRI via antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effect. More research is required to further confirm the effectiveness and safety of curcumin on ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Yang
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Tinghui Xie
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiabing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Yang
- General Practice, Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China.
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Zhu N, Liu R, Xu MH, Li Y. Neuroprotective Actions of Different Exogenous Nucleotides in H 2O 2-Induced Cell Death in PC-12 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031226. [PMID: 36770893 PMCID: PMC9920452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exogenous nucleotides (NTs) are considered conditionally essential nutrients, and the brain cannot synthesize NTs de novo. Therefore, the external supplementation of exogenous NTs is of great significance for maintaining normal neuronal metabolism and function under certain conditions, such as brain aging. This study, therefore, sets out to assess the neuroprotective effect of four kinds of single exogenous NTs and a mixture of the NTs, and to elucidate the potential mechanism. A rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC-12 was treated with different concentrations of exogenous NTs after 4 h of exposure to 200 µM H2O2. We found that the exogenous NTs exerted significant neuroprotection through decreasing neuron apoptosis and DNA damage, ameliorating inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, promoting cell viability, and augmenting antioxidant activity, and that they tended to up-regulate the NAD+/SIRTI/PGC-1α pathway involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Among the different NTs, the neuroprotective effect of AMP seemed to be more prominent, followed by the NT mixture, NMN, and CMP. AMP also exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity in H2O2-treated PC-12 cells. UMP was excellent at inhibiting neuronal inflammation and improving mitochondrial function, while GMP offered major advantages in stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential. The mixture of NTs had a slightly better performance than NMN, especially in up-modulating the NAD+/SIRTI/PGC-1α pathway, which regulates mitochondrial biogenesis. These results suggest that antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and protection of mitochondrial function are possible mechanisms of the neuroprotective actions of exogenous NTs, and that the optimization of the mixture ratio and the concentration of NTs may achieve a better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Riu Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mei-Hong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8280-1177
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26
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Hao DL, Li JM, Xie R, Huo HR, Xiong XJ, Sui F, Wang PQ. The role of traditional herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic-A critical review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154609. [PMID: 36610141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and severe long-term disability worldwide. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in anti-ischemic therapies. However, IS remains a tremendous challenge, with favourable clinical outcomes being generally difficult to achieve from candidate drugs in preclinical phase testing. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has been used to treat stroke for over 2,000 years in China. In modern times, THM as an alternative and complementary therapy have been prescribed in other Asian countries and have gained increasing attention for their therapeutic effects. These millennia of clinical experience allow THM to be a promising avenue for improving clinical efficacy and accelerating drug discovery. PURPOSE To summarise the clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of THMs in IS. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP Information Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database, from inception to 17 June 2022 to examine the efficacy and safety of THM for IS, and to investigate experimental studies regarding potential mechanisms. RESULTS THM is widely prescribed for IS alone or as adjuvant therapy. In clinical trials, THM is generally administered within 72 h of stroke onset and are continuously prescribed for over 3 months. Compared with Western medicine (WM), THM combined with routine WM can significantly improve neurological function defect scores, promote clinical total effective rate, and accelerate the recovery time of stroke with fewer adverse effects (AEs). These effects can be attributed to multiple mechanisms, mainly anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, brain blood barrier (BBB) modulation, inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation, and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS THM may be a promising candidate for IS management to guide clinical applications and as a reference for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jia-Meng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Ru Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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TLR4 Enhances Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and Autophagy. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9335166. [PMID: 36879557 PMCID: PMC9985501 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9335166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a kind of central nervous disease characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, and high disability. Inflammation and autophagy play important roles in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury. The present study characterizes the effects of TLR4 activation on inflammation and autophagy in CI/R injury. An in vivo CI/R rat injury model and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) SH-SY5Y cell model were established. Brain infarction size, neurological function, cell apoptosis, inflammatory mediators' levels, and gene expression were measured. Infarction, neurological dysfunction, and neural cell apoptosis were induced in CI/R rats or in H/R-induced cells. The expression levels of NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) clearly increased in I/R rats or in H/R-induced cells, while TLR4 knockdown significantly suppressed NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, and interleukin-1/6/18 (IL-1/6/18) in H/R-induced cells, as well as cell apoptosis. These data indicate that TLR4 upregulation induced CI/R injury via stimulating NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy. Therefore, TLR4, is a potential therapeutic target to improve management of ischemic stroke.
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He C, Xu Y, Sun J, Li L, Zhang JH, Wang Y. Autophagy and Apoptosis in Acute Brain Injuries: From Mechanism to Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:234-257. [PMID: 35579958 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Autophagy and apoptosis are two important cellular mechanisms behind brain injuries, which are severe clinical situations with increasing incidences worldwide. To search for more and better treatments for brain injuries, it is essential to deepen the understanding of autophagy, apoptosis, and their interactions in brain injuries. This article first analyzes how autophagy and apoptosis participate in the pathogenetic processes of brain injuries respectively and mutually, then summarizes some promising treatments targeting autophagy and apoptosis to show the potential clinical applications in personalized medicine and precision medicine in the future. Recent Advances: Most current studies suggest that apoptosis is detrimental to brain recovery. Several studies indicate that autophagy can cause unnecessary death of neurons after brain injuries, while others show that autophagy is beneficial for acute brain injuries (ABIs) by facilitating the removal of damaged proteins and organelles. Whether autophagy is beneficial or detrimental in ABIs depends on many factors, and the results from different research groups are diverse or even controversial, making this topic more appealing to be explored further. Critical Issues: Neuronal autophagy and apoptosis are two primary pathological processes in ABIs. How they interact with each other and how their regulations affect the outcome and prognosis of brain injuries remain uncertain, making these answers more critical. Future Directions: Insights into the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis and the accurate regulations of their balance in ABIs may promote personalized and precise treatments in the field of brain injuries. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 234-257.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu He
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Layla Li
- Faculty of Medicine, International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Yuechun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical and Public Health School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Deng G, Muqadas M, Adlat S, Zheng H, Li G, Zhu P, Nasser MI. Protective Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:15-25. [PMID: 35066714 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The brain is the most sensitive organ to hypoxia in the human body. Hypoxia in the brain will lead to damage to local brain tissue. When the blood supply of ischemic brain tissue is restored, the damage will worsen, that is, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signal molecule and a novel endogenous neuroregulator. Indeed, different concentrations of H2S have different effects on neurons. Low concentration of H2S can play an important protective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inducing anti-oxidative stress injury, inhibition of inflammatory response, inhibition of cell apoptosis, reduction of cerebrovascular endothelial cell injury, regulation of autophagy, and other ways, which provides a new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. This review aims to report the recent research progress on the dual effect of H2S on brain tissue during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Deng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Masood Muqadas
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Salah Adlat
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Zheng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Li
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 ZhongshanEr Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Domínguez-Avila JA, Salazar-López NJ, Montiel-Herrera M, Martínez-Martínez A, Villegas-Ochoa MA, González-Aguilar GA. Phenolic compounds can induce systemic and central immunomodulation, which result in a neuroprotective effect. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14260. [PMID: 35633197 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation may negatively impact health, particularly that of the central nervous system. Phenolic compounds are bioactive molecules present in fruits and vegetables with potential anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of the present work is to review the immunomodulatory bioactivities of phenolic compounds in the periphery and in the central nervous system. Results show that various types of phenolics are able to counter diet- or pathogen-induced systemic inflammation (among others) in various models. In vitro data show significant effects of flavonoids and phenolic acids in particular; similar bioactivities were reported in vivo, when administering them as pure compounds or from fruit and vegetable extracts that contain them. In the central nervous system, phenolics counter chronic inflammation and aggressive acute inflammatory processes, such as ischemic events, when administered preemptively and even therapeutically. We therefore conclude that the immunomodulatory potential of phenolic compounds can maintain an adequate immune response; their regular consumption should therefore be prioritized in order to maintain health. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The immune response must be carefully regulated in order to avoid its deleterious effects. The present work highlights how phenolic compounds, dietary components ubiquitous in everyday diet, are able to maintain it within an adequate range. As humans are exposed to more proinflammatory stimuli (inadequate dietary pattern, mental stress, environmental pollution, chronic diseases, etc.), it becomes necessary to counter them, and consuming adequate amounts of foods that contain compounds with this ability is a rather simple strategy. Thus, the present work highlights how fruits and vegetables can help to maintain an adequate immune response that can preserve systemic health and that of the central nervous system. Furthermore, specific compounds contained in them can also be ideal candidates for additional in-depth studies, which can potentially lead to the development of potent, targeted, and safe anti-inflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norma J Salazar-López
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, Mexico.,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Mexicali, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
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Lou Y, Ma M, Jiang Y, Xu H, Gao Z, Gao L, Wang Y. Ferroptosis: A new strategy for traditional Chinese medicine treatment of stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Du Q, Xu M, Wu L, Fan R, Hao Y, Liu X, Mao R, Liu R, Li Y. Walnut Oligopeptide Delayed Improved Aging-Related Learning and Memory Impairment in SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:5059. [PMID: 36501089 PMCID: PMC9738662 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-related learning and memory decline are hallmarks of aging and pose a significant health burden. The effects of walnut oligopeptides (WOPs) on learning and memory were evaluated in this study. Sixty SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into four groups (15 mice/group), including one SAMP8 age-control group and three WOP-treated groups. SAMR1 mice (n = 15) that show a normal senescence rate were used as controls. The SAMP8 and SAMR1 controls were administered ordinary sterilized water, while the WOP-intervention groups were administered 110, 220, and 440 mg/kg·bw of WOPs in water, respectively. The whole intervention period was six months. The remaining 15 SAMP8 (4-month-old) mice were used as the young control group. The results showed that WOPs significantly improved the decline in aging-related learning/memory ability. WOPs significantly increased the expression of BDNF and PSD95 and decreased the level of APP and Aβ1-42 in the brain. The mechanism of action may be related to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH-Px), a reduction in the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-1β) in the brain and a reduction in oxidative stress injury (MDA). Furthermore, the expression of AMPK, SIRT-1, and PGC-1α was upregulated and the mitochondrial DNA content was increased in brain. These results indicated that WOPs improved aging-related learning and memory impairment. WOP supplementation may be a potential and effective method for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meihong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuntao Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruixue Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Xiong L, Zhang J, Shi H, Zhu G, Ji X, Li M, Zhu P, Luo K. Downregulation of TNFAIP1 alleviates OGD/R‑induced neuronal damage by suppressing Nrf2/GPX4‑mediated ferroptosis. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:25. [PMID: 36561622 PMCID: PMC9748634 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα-induced protein 1 (TNFAIP1) serve a role in neurovascular disease. However, the potential role and molecular mechanism of TNFAIP1 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) remains elusive. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to assess TNFAIP1 mRNA and protein expression levels in PC12 cells. Furthermore, using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and western blotting, cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Oxidative stress was evaluated using DCFH-DA staining and ELISA was used for assessment of inflammatory factors. Expression of components in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and ferroptosis were assessed using western blotting analysis and an iron assay kit. TNFAIP1 expression was significantly upregulated in oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)-injured PC12 cells. However, knocking down TNFAIP1 expression restored PC12 cell viability and decreased apoptosis following OGD/R-challenge. Furthermore, TNFAIP1 silencing significantly suppressed OGD/R-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in PC12 cells. TNFAIP1 knockdown inhibited ferroptosis via activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells. Erastin treatment reversed the beneficial effects of TNFAIP1 knockdown on PC12 cell viability, apoptosis alleviation, oxidative stress and inflammation following OGD/R treatment. These results suggested that TNFAIP1 knockdown could alleviate OGD/R-induced neuronal cell damage by suppressing Nrf2-mediated ferroptosis, which might lay the foundation for the investigation of targeted-therapy for cerebral I/R injury in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Xiong
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Jingruo Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Hanqiang Shi
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Gaofeng Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ji
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
| | - Kaitao Luo
- Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Kaitao Luo, Department of Acupuncture, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University-Affiliated Jiaxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, 1501 East Zhongshan Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, P.R. China
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Lan T, Xu Y, Li S, Li N, Zhang S, Zhu H. Cornin protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by preventing autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:82. [PMID: 36280856 PMCID: PMC9594897 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia stroke is the leading cause of disability, which is a consequence of vascular occlusion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cornin which is isolated from the fruit of Verbena officinalis L, against astrocytes autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury in vitro and in vivo and its potential mechanism. Methods Cornin at dose of 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg were intravenously injected to MCAO rats at 15 min after reperfusion. The infarction volume, blood–brain barrier (BBB), neurological severity score (mNSS), and autophagy related protein were used to evaluated the protective effects and potential mechanism of cornin in autophagy with or without phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)inhibitor LY294002 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) small interfering RNA (siRNA) at 24 h after CI/R injury. The potential protective effects and mechanism of cornin at concention of 10 ~ 1000 nM were also evaluated in oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in U87 cells. Results The results suggest that cornin at dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg significantly reduce the cerebral infarction volume and blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and improve neurological recovery in MCAO rats. Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels were significantly decreased, while B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and the apoptosis regulator ratio (Bcl-2/Bax) were markedly increased when treated with 2.5–10 mg/kg cornin. The obvious decreased expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myosin-like BCL2 interacting protein (Beclin-1) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II (LC3-II) and increased of neuronal nuclei (NeuN), sequestosome-1 (p62), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were observed in MCAO rats treated with 10 mg/kg cornin, which was counteracted by LY294002. The expression of autophagy-related proteins with or without LY294002 and mTOR siRNA presented the similar results as in vitro in OGD/R in U87 cells. Conclusions These results indicate that cornin improved neurological recovery after cerebral ischemia injury by preventing astrocytes autophagy induced by CI/R via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-022-00620-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Lan
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- grid.452240.50000 0004 8342 6962Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shucui Li
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XSchool of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XDepartment of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- grid.440653.00000 0000 9588 091XSchool of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003 People’s Republic of China
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Li X, Li L, Si X, Zhang Z, Ni Z, Zhou Y, Liu K, Xia W, Zhang Y, Gu X, Huang J, Yin C, Shao A, Jiang L. The regulatory roles of circular RNAs via autophagy in ischemic stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:963508. [PMID: 36330428 PMCID: PMC9623297 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.963508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe disease with a high disability, recurrence, and mortality rates. Autophagy, a highly conserved process that degrades damaged or aging organelles and excess cellular components to maintain homeostasis, is activated during IS. It influences the blood–brain barrier integrity and regulates apoptosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs involved in IS-induced autophagy and participate in various pathological processes following IS. In addition, they play a role in autophagy regulation. This review summarizes current evidence on the roles of autophagy and circRNA in IS and the potential mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate autophagy to influence IS injury. This review serves as a basis for the clinical application of circRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Si
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhumei Ni
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongji Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Xia
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuyao Zhang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congguo Yin
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Congguo Yin
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Disease, Hangzhou, China
- Anwen Shao
| | - Lin Jiang
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Lin Jiang
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Almutairi FM, Ullah A, Althobaiti YS, Irfan HM, Shareef U, Usman H, Ahmed S. A Review on Therapeutic Potential of Natural Phytocompounds for Stroke. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102566. [PMID: 36289828 PMCID: PMC9599280 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a serious condition that results from an occlusion of blood vessels that leads to brain damage. Globally, it is the second highest cause of death, and deaths from strokes are higher in older people than in the young. There is a higher rate of cases in urban areas compared to rural due to lifestyle, food, and pollution. There is no effective single medicine for the treatment of stroke due to the multiple causes of strokes. Thrombolytic agents, such as alteplase, are the main treatment for thrombolysis, while multiple types of surgeries, such ascraniotomy, thrombectomy, carotid endarterectomy, and hydrocephalus, can be performed for various forms of stroke. In this review, we discuss some promising phytocompounds, such as flavone C-glycoside (apigenin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside), eriodictyol, rosamirinic acid, 6″-O-succinylapigenin, and allicin, that show effectiveness against stroke. Future study paths are given, as well as suggestions for expanding the use of medicinal plants and their formulations for stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq M. Almutairi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aman Ullah
- Saba Medical Center, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 20316, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (A.U.); (S.A.)
| | - Yusuf S. Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Usman Shareef
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Halima Usman
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sagheer Ahmed
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.U.); (S.A.)
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Zhao F, Peng C, Sun Y, Li H, Du K, Liu F. Potential application of traditional Chinese medicine in cerebral ischemia—Focusing on ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:963179. [PMID: 36210857 PMCID: PMC9539431 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.963179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has attracted a great deal of attention in the treatment of cerebral ischemia is credited with the remarkable neuroprotective effects. However, the imperfect functional mechanism of TCM is a major obstacle to their application. Many studies have been conducted to illustrate the pathophysiology of post-ischemic cerebral ischemia by elucidating the neuronal cell death pathway. Meanwhile, a new type of cell death, ferroptosis, is gradually being recognized in various diseases and is becoming a new pathway of therapeutic intervention strategy to solve many health problems. Especially since ferroptosis has been found to be closely involved into the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia, it has been considered as a key target in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, this paper reviews the latest research findings about the treatment of cerebral ischemia with TCM focused on ferroptosis as a target. Also, in order to explores the possibility of a new approach to treat cerebral ischemia with TCM, we discusses the correlation between ferroptosis and other cell death pathways such as apoptosis and autophagy, which would provide references for the following researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Center for Standardization and Functional Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Caiwang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Center for Standardization and Functional Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Center for Standardization and Functional Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hengli Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Center for Standardization and Functional Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Center for Standardization and Functional Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Research of TCM, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Liu,
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Protein Kinase N2 Reduces Hydrogen Peroxide-inducedDamage and Apoptosis in PC12 Cells by AntiOxidative Stress and Activation of the mTOR Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2483669. [PMID: 36185087 PMCID: PMC9519335 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2483669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of protein kinase N2 (PKN2) in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury of PC12 cells. Method s. PC12 cells were transfected with lentivirus to knock down or overexpress PKN2 and then were treated with 300 μM H2O2 to establish a cell model of oxidative stress injury. The cell viability of PC12 cells in each group was determined by the CCK-8 method. Biochemical assays were used to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of PKN2, caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, PARP, cleaved-PARP, p-mTOR, and mTOR in PC12 cells in each group. Results H2O2 treatment could significantly reduce PC12 cell viability and promote cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. PKN2 overexpression inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and oxidation damage by increasing PC12 cell viability, SOD activity, and p-mTOR protein expression, reducing intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP protein expression. Conclusion PKN2 overexpression can alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury and apoptosis in PC12 cells by activating the mTOR pathway.
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Mashaqbeh H, Obaidat R, Al-Shar'i NA. Evaluation of EDTA Dianhydride Versus Diphenyl Carbonate Nanosponges for Curcumin. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:229. [PMID: 35974237 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges are widely investigated for several applications and are considered potential drug carriers. The method of nanosponges preparation involves the use of chemical cross-linking agents where the properties of Nanosponges can be affected. This study compared the resulting differences in the final nanosponges' properties using carbonate and dianhydride crosslinkers. Diphenyl carbonate and EDTA dianhydride were used for the synthesis of nanosponges. Both types of nanosponges were loaded with curcumin as a model drug. Physicochemical characterizations, including PXRD, DSC, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, AFM, particle size, zeta potential, and surface area analysis, were carried out for the prepared nanosponges. Curcumin release and drug content were also evaluated. Nanosponges prepared by Diphenyl carbonate crosslinker resulted in an amorphous form compared to crystalline EDTA-nanosponges. This study reported the successful inclusion and complexation of curcumin inside carbonate cross-linked cyclodextrin-based nanosponges and suggested the physical entrapment of crystalline curcumin in EDTA dianhydride. These findings were further investigated and supported by computational modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeia Mashaqbeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Jordan
| | - Rana Obaidat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Jordan.
| | - Nizar A Al-Shar'i
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Jordan
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Marques MS, Marinho MAG, Vian CO, Horn AP. The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: a systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106369. [PMID: 35914679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Treatments for stroke are limited, and preventive treatments are scarce. Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of CUR on damage caused by stroke in rodent models. A systematic search was performed on three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In addition, the risk-of-bias and quality of the studies were assessed using SYRCLE and Collaborative Approach for Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies, respectively. The selection, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were established by the authors. At the end of our systematic search of the three databases, we found a total of 728 articles. After excluding duplicates and triplicates and reading the abstracts, keywords, and full texts, 53 articles were finally included in this systematic review. CUR exerts several beneficial effects against the damage caused by both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, via different pathways. However, because of its low bioavailability, Free-form CUR only exerted significant effects when it was administered at high concentrations. In contrast, when CUR was administered using nanostructured systems, positive responses were observed even at low concentrations. The mechanisms of action of CUR, free or in nanostructure, are extremely important for the recovery of injured brain tissue after a stroke; CUR has neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Finally, we concluded that CUR presents an extremely important and significant response profile against the damage caused by stroke, making it a possible therapeutic candidate for individuals affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
| | - M A G Marinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - C O Vian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - A P Horn
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
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Joshi P, Bisht A, Joshi S, Semwal D, Nema NK, Dwivedi J, Sharma S. Ameliorating potential of curcumin and its analogue in central nervous system disorders and related conditions: A review of molecular pathways. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3143-3180. [PMID: 35790042 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is one of the broadly studied phytomolecule owing to its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and has been considered a promising therapeutic candidate in a wide range of disorders. Considering, its low bioavailability, different curcumin analogs have been developed to afford desired pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic outcome in varied pathological states. Several preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that curcumin ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress apoptosis-mediated neural cell degeneration and could effectively be utilized in the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, in this review, we have summarized key findings of experimental and clinical studies conducted on curcumin and its analogues with special emphasis on molecular pathways, viz. NF-kB, Nrf2-ARE, glial activation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, SOCS/JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, ERK1/2 /MyD88 /p38 MAPK, JNK, iNOS/NO, and MMP pathways involved in imparting ameliorative effects in the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders and associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Joshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.,R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Akansha Bisht
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushil Joshi
- R & D, Patanjali Ayurved Ltd, Patanjali Food and Herbal Park, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Semwal
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Nema
- Paramount Kumkum Private Limited, Prestige Meridian-1, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India
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Chen F, Liu Q. Demystifying phytoconstituent-derived nanomedicines in their immunoregulatory and therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114317. [PMID: 35533788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, phytoconstituents have appeared as critical mediators for immune regulations among various diseases, both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. These bioactive molecules, showing a broad range of biological functions, would hold tremendous promise for developing new therapeutics. The discovery of phytoconstituents' capability of functionally regulating immune cells and associating cytokines, suppressing systemic inflammation, and remodeling immunity have rapidly promoted the idea of their employment as anti-inflammatory agents. In this review, we discuss various roles of phyto-derived medicines in the field of inflammatory diseases, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and acute inflammatory disease such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, traditional phyto-derived medicines often concurred with their clinical administration limitations, such as their lack of cell specificity, inefficient cytoplasmic delivery, and rapid clearance by the immune system. As alternatives, phyto-derived nano-approaches may provide significant benefits. Both unmodified and engineered nanocarriers present the potential to serve as phytoconstituent delivery systems to improve therapeutic physio-chemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles. Thus, the development of phytoconstituents' nano-delivery designs, their new and perspective approaches for therapeutical applications are elaborated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Chen
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, Suite 216, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States.
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43
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Polyphenols for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: New Applications and Insights. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134181. [PMID: 35807426 PMCID: PMC9268254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Currently, the main therapeutic strategy involves the use of intravenous thrombolysis to restore cerebral blood flow to prevent the transition of the penumbra to the infarct core. However, due to various limitations and complications, including the narrow time window in which this approach is effective, less than 10% of patients benefit from such therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, with neuroprotection against the ischemic cascade response after IS being one of the most promising options. In the past few decades, polyphenolic compounds have shown great potential in animal models of IS because of their high biocompatibility and ability to target multiple ischemic cascade signaling pathways, although low bioavailability is an issue that limits the applications of several polyphenols. Here, we review the pathophysiological changes following cerebral ischemia and summarize the research progress regarding the applications of polyphenolic compounds in the treatment of IS over the past 5 years. Furthermore, we discuss several potential strategies for improving the bioavailability of polyphenolic compounds as well as some essential issues that remain to be addressed for the translation of the related therapies to the clinic.
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Calcitonin gene-related peptide and neurologic injury: An emerging target for headache management. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 220:107355. [PMID: 35785661 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide known to be involved in the trigeminovascular system and to function as a potent vasodilator. Although it has emerged as a viable target for headache management with targeted treatments developed for migraine, a highly disabling neurovascular disorder, less is known about CGRP's role in other neurologic conditions such as traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The literature has shown that during these injury cascades, CGRP receptors are modulated in varying ways. Therefore, CGRP or its receptors might be viable targets to manage secondary injuries following acute brain injury. In this review, we highlight the pathophysiology of the CGRP pathway and its relation to migraine pathogenesis. Using these same principles, we assess the existing preclinical data for CGRP and its role in acute brain injury. The findings are promising, and set the basis for further work, with specific focus on the therapeutic benefit of CGRP modulation following neurologic injury.
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Liu C, Zhang D, Lu Z, Man J, Zhang Z, Fu X, Cui K, Wang J. Metformin protects against pericyte apoptosis and promotes neurogenesis through suppressing JNK p38 MAPK signalling activation in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurosci Lett 2022; 783:136708. [PMID: 35660649 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Metformin (MET) has been the subject of many classic studies in possessing antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation activities and antiviral. Recently investigators have examined the anti-apoptosis effects of MET in acute myocardial infarction and Intracerebral hemorrhage, but very little is currently known about how it regulates ischemic stroke-induced pericytes apoptosis and neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation. The present research explored the potential neuroprotective mechanisms of MET using transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO) mice. The experimental work presented that tMCAO mice treated by metformin had better neurologic outcomes on days 1, 3, and 7 after operation, and alleviated blood-brain barrier (BBB) destruction, brain water content and infarct volume on 72 h after surgery. The data showed that MET alleviated BBB disruption by reducing PDGFRβ/ matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) positive cells, relieving zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) drop away and increasing pericyte coverage through remarkably reducing the percentage of PDGFRβ/caspase-3 positive cells. In addition, MET induced antiapoptotic activity followed by downregulating cleaved caspase-3 and Bax expression. Moreover, JNK signaling pathway has been proved to be pivotal in mediating apoptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The results of this research illustrated that MET treatment downregulated the levels of phosphorylated JNK and P38 in vivo, however the use of JNK activator anisomycin (ANI) could reverse the neuroprotection effect of MET, demonstrating that the JNK pathway is associated with the anti-apoptosis mechanisms of MET. Finally, metformin remarkably increased the percentage of BrdU/DCX-positive cells in subventricular zone (SVZ) and up-regulated BDNF、VEGF and NGF expression after ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury on day 7. Our data illustrated that metformin provides an effective therapy for I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Zhengfang Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Jiang Man
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Fu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Kefei Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Province, China.
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Fan F, Lei M. Mechanisms Underlying Curcumin-Induced Neuroprotection in Cerebral Ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893118. [PMID: 35559238 PMCID: PMC9090137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and restoring the blood flow to ischemic brain tissues is currently the main therapeutic strategy. However, reperfusion after brain ischemia leads to excessive reactive oxygen species production, inflammatory cell recruitment, the release of inflammatory mediators, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and blood–brain barrier damage; these pathological mechanisms will further aggravate brain tissue injury, ultimately affecting the recovery of neurological functions. It has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with multitarget intervention effects for individuals with cerebral ischemia. A large number of studies have established that curcumin plays a significant neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia via various mechanisms, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, protection of the blood–brain barrier, and restoration of mitochondrial function and structure, restoring cerebral circulation, reducing infarct volume, improving brain edema, promoting blood–brain barrier repair, and improving the neurological functions. Therefore, summarizing the results from the latest literature and identifying the potential mechanisms of action of curcumin in cerebral ischemia will serve as a basis and guidance for the clinical applications of curcumin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Fan
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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The Signaling Pathways and Targets of Natural Compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Ischemic Stroke. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103099. [PMID: 35630576 PMCID: PMC9148018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common neurological disorder associated with high disability rates and mortality rates. At present, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is the only US(FDA)-approved drug for IS. However, due to the narrow therapeutic window and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage, r-tPA is currently used in less than 5% of stroke patients. Natural compounds have been widely used in the treatment of IS in China and have a wide range of therapeutic effects on IS by regulating multiple targets and signaling pathways. The keywords "ischemia stroke, traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, natural compounds" were used to search the relevant literature in PubMed and other databases over the past five years. The results showed that JAK/STAT, NF-κB, MAPK, Notch, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt are the key pathways, and SIRT1, MMP9, TLR4, HIF-α are the key targets for the natural compounds from traditional Chinese medicine in treating IS. This study aims to update and summarize the signaling pathways and targets of natural compounds in the treatment of IS, and provide a base of information for the future development of effective treatments for IS.
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Lv B, Shen N, Cheng Z, Chen Y, Ding H, Yuan J, Zhao K, Zhang Y. Strategies for Biomaterial-Based Spinal Cord Injury Repair via the TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:813169. [PMID: 35600111 PMCID: PMC9116428 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.813169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair and motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a clinical challenge. Injury-induced gliosis and inflammation lead to a physical barrier and an extremely inhibitory microenvironment, which in turn hinders the recovery of SCI. TLR4-NF-κB is a classic implant-related innate immunomodulation signaling pathway and part of numerous biomaterial-based treatment strategies for SCI. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that the regulation of TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the alleviation of inflammatory responses, the modulation of autophagy, apoptosis and ferroptosis, and the enhancement of anti-oxidative effect post-SCI. An increasing number of novel biomaterials have been fabricated as scaffolds and carriers, loaded with phytochemicals and drugs, to inhibit the progression of SCI through regulation of TLR4-NF-κB. This review summarizes the empirical strategies for the recovery after SCI through individual or composite biomaterials that mediate the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Naiting Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangrong Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kangchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhao L, Ding LD, Xia ZH, Sheng P, Shen MM, Cai ZM, Yan BC. A Network-Based Approach to Investigate the Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Huangqi-Chuanxiong and Sanleng-Ezhu Herb Pairs in the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:844186. [PMID: 35401166 PMCID: PMC8984614 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.844186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of action of two drug pairs [Huangqi-Chuanxiong and Sanleng-Ezhu Herb (HCSE)] on the treatment of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: We mined the current literature related to ischemic stroke and formulated a new formulation of Chinese herbs. Then, we identified the main candidate target genes of the new formulation by network pharmacology. Next, we performed enrichment analysis of the target genes to identify the potential mechanism of action of the new formulation in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Next, we experimentally validated the mechanism of action of the new formulation against ischemic stroke. Infarct volume and neurological deficits were evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining and Longa’s score, respectively. The predicted pathways of signal-related proteins were detected by western blotting. Results: We mined the current literature and identified a new formulation of Chinese herbs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The formulation included Huangqi, Chuanxiong, Sanleng and Ezhu. Next, we used network pharmacological analysis to identify 23 active compounds and 327 target genes for the new formulation. The key target genes were MAPK3, MAPK1, HSP90AA1, STAT3, PIK3R1, PIK3CA and AKT1. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. By performing experiments, we found that the new formulation reduced the infarct volume of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced mice and activated the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. These findings confirmed that the new formulation has a significant protective effect against ischemic stroke injury by activating the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Conclusion: We identified a new treatment formulation for ischemic stroke by data mining and network pharmacological target prediction. The beneficial effects of the new formulation act by regulating multiple target genes and pathways. The mechanism of action of the new formulation may be related to the AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the effects of the new formulation on ischemic stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Dong Ding
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Zi Hao Xia
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peng Sheng
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Meng Meng Shen
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Ming Cai
- Department of Neurology, Yangzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bing Chun Yan
- Medical College, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Zhu T, Wang L, Wang LP, Wan Q. Therapeutic targets of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural compounds from medicinal herbs. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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