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Sun Z, Zhang B, Peng Y. Development of novel treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:467-482. [PMID: 38078970 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes paralysis whose etiology and pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Presently it is incurable and rapidly progressive with a survival of 2-5 years from onset, and no treatments could cure it. Therefore, it is urgent to identify which therapeutic target(s) are more promising to develop treatments that could effectively treat ALS. So far, more than 90 novel treatments for ALS patients have been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, of which 23 are in clinical trials, 12 have been terminated and the rest suspended. This review will systematically summarize the possible targets of these novel treatments under development or failing based on published literature and information released by sponsors, so as to provide basis and support for subsequent drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ying Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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2
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Thomas A, Garg D, Srivastava AK, Kumar A, Pandit AK, Vibha D, Vivekanandhan S, Shukla G, Prasad K. Clinical factors and vascular endothelial growth factor as determinants of disease progression in Indian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:46-52. [PMID: 37710422 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2256362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Prognostication remains sub-optimally defined. We aimed to assess clinical determinants of disease progression rates in Indian patients with ALS and to assess the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in disease progression. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, consecutive patients with clinically definite/probable ALS according to the revised El Escorial criteria and controls were included. Patients were classified into fast or slow progressors based on disease progression rate (DPR). Serum and CSF VEGF level was assessed for patients and controls. RESULTS Of 142 patients recruited, 93 (65.5%) were male. Mean age at enrollment was 49.37 ± 12.65 years. Mean duration of symptoms was 20.53 ± 20.88 months. Mean DPR was 1.14 ± 0.94. Based on DPR, 81 (57%) patients were slow progressors and 61 (43%) were fast progressors. Univariate analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association of DPR with age at onset, symptom duration, time to spread, wasting of small muscles of the hand, frontal release signs, and neurophysiologic bulbar abnormalities. On multivariate analysis, age at onset and symptom duration had a significant association with disease progression. The CSF VEGF levels of ALS patients (46.18 ± 27.8) were significantly elevated compared to controls (25.95 ± 25.64 pg/ml) (p = 0.001), but not serum VEGF. CONCLUSION Age at symptom onset and duration of disease had a significant impact on disease progression in Indian patients with ALS. CSF VEGF levels were significantly elevated in ALS compared to controls, indicating the role of CSF VEGF as a potential biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Thomas
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | - Divyani Garg
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | - Awadh Kishor Pandit
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | - Deepti Vibha
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | - Subbiah Vivekanandhan
- Department of Neurochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Shukla
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
| | - Kameshwar Prasad
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medicine Sciences, New Delhi, India and
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3
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Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is well known for its angiogenic activity, but recent evidence has revealed a neuroprotective action of this factor on injured or diseased neurons. In the present review, we summarize the most relevant findings that have contributed to establish a link between VEGF deficiency and neuronal degeneration. At issue, 1) mutant mice with reduced levels of VEGF show adult-onset muscle weakness and motoneuron degeneration resembling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 2) administration of VEGF to different animal models of motoneuron degeneration improves motor performance and ameliorates motoneuronal degeneration, and 3) there is an association between low plasmatic levels of VEGF and human ALS. Altogether, the results presented in this review highlight VEGF as an essential motoneuron neurotrophic factor endowed with promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of motoneuron disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Calvo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosendo G Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Angel M Pastor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa R de la Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Wang Y, Sun S, Zhai J, Liu Y, Song C, Sun C, Li Q, Liu J, Jiang H, Liu Y. scAAV9-VEGF alleviates symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice through regulating aromatase. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:2817-2827. [PMID: 37882882 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset, chronic, progressive, and fatal neurodegenerative disease that leads to progressive atrophy and weakness of the muscles throughout the body. Herein, we found that the intrathecal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-delivered VEGF in SOD1-G93A transgenic mice, as well as ALS mice, could significantly delay disease onset and preserve motor functions and neurological functions, thus prolonging the survival of mice models. Moreover, we found that VEGF treatment could induce the elevated expression of aromatase, which is a key enzyme in estrogen synthesis, in neurons but not in astrocytes. On the other hand, the changes in the expression of oxidative stress-related factors HO-1 and GCLM and autophagy-related proteins p62 and LC3II upon the administration of VEGF revealed the involvement of oxidative stress and autophagy underlying the downstream of the VEGF-induced mitigation of ALS. In conclusion, this study proved the protective effects of VEGF in the onset and development of ALS and revealed the involvement of estrogen, oxidative stress and autophagy in the VEGF-induced alleviation of ALS. Our results highlighted the potential of VEGF as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxu Zhai
- The Third Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People's Hospital, 16 Hongxing Street, Xingtai, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- General practice department, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyuan Song
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuimei Sun
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- West Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 West Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Ramya V, Sarkar N, Bhagat S, Pradhan RK, Varghese AM, Nalini A, Sathyaprabha TN, Raju TR, Vijayalakshmi K. Oligodendroglia Confer Neuroprotection to NSC-34 Motor Neuronal Cells Against the Toxic Insults of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4855-4871. [PMID: 37184766 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with multifactorial pathomechanisms affecting not only motor neurons but also glia. Both astrocytes and microglia get activated and contribute significantly to neurodegeneration. The role of oligodendroglia in such a situation remains obscure, especially in the sporadic form of ALS (SALS), which contributes to 90% of cases. Here, we have investigated the role of oligodendroglia in SALS pathophysiology using a human oligodendroglial cell line, MO3.13, by exposing the cells to cerebrospinal fluid from SALS patients (ALS-CSF; 10% v/v for 48 h). ALS-CSF significantly reduced the viability of MO3.13 cells and down-regulated the expression of oligodendroglia-specific proteins, namely, CNPase and Olig2. Furthermore, to investigate the effect of the observed oligodendroglial changes on motor neurons, NSC-34 motor neuronal cells were co-cultured/supplemented with conditioned/spent medium of MO3.13 cells upon exposure to ALS-CSF. Live cell imaging experiments revealed protection to NSC-34 cells against ALS-CSF toxicity upon co-culture with MO3.13 cells. This was evidenced by the absence of neuronal cytoplasmic vacuolation and beading of neurites, which instead resulted in better neuronal differentiation. Enhanced lactate levels and increased expression of its transporter, MCT-1, with sustained expression of trophic factors, namely, GDNF and BDNF, by MO3.13 cells hint towards metabolic and trophic support provided by the surviving oligodendroglia. Similar metabolic changes were seen in the lumbar spinal cord oligodendroglia of rat neonates intrathecally injected with ALS-CSF. The findings indicate that oligodendroglia are indeed rescuer to the degenerating motor neurons when the astrocytes and microglia turn topsy-turvy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ramya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Nisha Sarkar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Savita Bhagat
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Raj Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Anu Mary Varghese
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Atchayaram Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Talakad N Sathyaprabha
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Trichur R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - K Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India.
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Ng Kee Kwong KC, Harbham PK, Selvaraj BT, Gregory JM, Pal S, Hardingham GE, Chandran S, Mehta AR. 40 Years of CSF Toxicity Studies in ALS: What Have We Learnt About ALS Pathophysiology? Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:647895. [PMID: 33815058 PMCID: PMC8012723 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.647895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on early evidence of in vitro neurotoxicity following exposure to serum derived from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), several studies have attempted to explore whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from people with ALS could possess similar properties. Although initial findings proved inconclusive, it is now increasingly recognized that ALS-CSF may exert toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying CSF-induced neurodegeneration remains unclear. This review aims to summarize the 40-year long history of CSF toxicity studies in ALS, while discussing the various mechanisms that have been proposed, including glutamate excitotoxicity, proteotoxicity and oxidative stress. Furthermore, we consider the potential implications of a toxic CSF circulatory system in the pathophysiology of ALS, and also assess its significance in the context of current ALS research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pratap K. Harbham
- West Midlands Academic Foundation Programme, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bhuvaneish T. Selvaraj
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jenna M. Gregory
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- MRC Edinburgh Brain Bank, Academic Department of Neuropathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Suvankar Pal
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Giles E. Hardingham
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, InStem, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arpan R. Mehta
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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7
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) prediction model derived from plasma and CSF biomarkers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247025. [PMID: 33606761 PMCID: PMC7894922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative disorder of motor neurons which leads to complete loss of movement in patients. The only FDA approved drug Riluzole provides only symptomatic relief to patients. Early Diagnosis of the disease warrants the importance of diagnostic and prognostic models for predicting disease and disease progression respectively. In the present study we represent the predictive statistical model for ALS using plasma and CSF biomarkers. Forward stepwise (Binary likelihood) Logistic regression model is developed for prediction of ALS. The model has been shown to have excellent validity (94%) with good sensitivity (98%) and specificity (93%). The area under the ROC curve is 99.3%. Along with age and BMI, VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), VEGFR2 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2) and TDP43 (TAR DNA Binding Protein 43) in CSF and VEGFR2 and OPTN (Optineurin) in plasma are good predictors of ALS.
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8
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Ranganayaki S, Jamshidi N, Aiyaz M, Rashmi SK, Gayathri N, Harsha PK, Padmanabhan B, Srinivas Bharath MM. Inhibition of mitochondrial complex II in neuronal cells triggers unique pathways culminating in autophagy with implications for neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1483. [PMID: 33452321 PMCID: PMC7810707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration underlie movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and Manganism among others. As a corollary, inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) by toxins 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) respectively, induced degenerative changes noted in such neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to unravel the down-stream pathways associated with CII inhibition and compared with CI inhibition and the Manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity. Genome-wide transcriptomics of N27 neuronal cells exposed to 3-NPA, compared with MPP+ and Mn revealed varied transcriptomic profile. Along with mitochondrial and synaptic pathways, Autophagy was the predominant pathway differentially regulated in the 3-NPA model with implications for neuronal survival. This pathway was unique to 3-NPA, as substantiated by in silico modelling of the three toxins. Morphological and biochemical validation of autophagy markers in the cell model of 3-NPA revealed incomplete autophagy mediated by mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 (mTORC2) pathway. Interestingly, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which was elevated in the 3-NPA model could confer neuroprotection against 3-NPA. We propose that, different downstream events are activated upon neurotoxin-dependent CII inhibition compared to other neurotoxins, with implications for movement disorders and regulation of autophagy could potentially offer neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayanan Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Neema Jamshidi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mohamad Aiyaz
- Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd., 2/13, Balaji Complex, 80 feet Road, RMV 2nd Stage, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560094, India
| | - Santhosh-Kumar Rashmi
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Narayanappa Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Pulleri Kandi Harsha
- Department of Neurovirology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | | | - Muchukunte Mukunda Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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9
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Neuroprotective Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Motoneurons of the Oculomotor System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020814. [PMID: 33467517 PMCID: PMC7830098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was initially characterized as a potent angiogenic factor based on its activity on the vascular system. However, it is now well established that VEGF also plays a crucial role as a neuroprotective factor in the nervous system. A deficit of VEGF has been related to motoneuronal degeneration, such as that occurring in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Strikingly, motoneurons of the oculomotor system show lesser vulnerability to neurodegeneration in ALS compared to other motoneurons. These motoneurons presented higher amounts of VEGF and its receptor Flk-1 than other brainstem pools. That higher VEGF level could be due to an enhanced retrograde input from their target muscles, but it can also be produced by the motoneurons themselves and act in an autocrine way. By contrast, VEGF’s paracrine supply from the vicinity cells, such as glial cells, seems to represent a minor source of VEGF for brainstem motoneurons. In addition, ocular motoneurons experiment an increase in VEGF and Flk-1 level in response to axotomy, not observed in facial or hypoglossal motoneurons. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the differences in VEGF availability that could contribute to the higher resistance of extraocular motoneurons to injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Leyton-Jaimes MF, Ivert P, Hoeber J, Han Y, Feiler A, Zhou C, Pankratova S, Shoshan-Barmatz V, Israelson A, Kozlova EN. Empty mesoporous silica particles significantly delay disease progression and extend survival in a mouse model of ALS. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20675. [PMID: 33244084 PMCID: PMC7691331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating incurable neurological disorder characterized by motor neuron (MN) death and muscle dysfunction leading to mean survival time after diagnosis of only 2-5 years. A potential ALS treatment is to delay the loss of MNs and disease progression by the delivery of trophic factors. Previously, we demonstrated that implanted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSPs) loaded with trophic factor peptide mimetics support survival and induce differentiation of co-implanted embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived MNs. Here, we investigate whether MSP loaded with peptide mimetics of ciliary neurotrophic factor (Cintrofin), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (Gliafin), and vascular endothelial growth factor (Vefin1) injected into the cervical spinal cord of mutant SOD1 mice affect disease progression and extend survival. We also transplanted boundary cap neural crest stem cells (bNCSCs) which have been shown previously to have a positive effect on MN survival in vitro and in vivo. We show that mimetic-loaded MSPs and bNCSCs significantly delay disease progression and increase survival of mutant SOD1 mice, and also that empty particles significantly improve the condition of ALS mice. Our results suggest that intraspinal delivery of MSPs is a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel F Leyton-Jaimes
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Patrik Ivert
- Department of Neuroscience, Regenerative Neurobiology, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Hoeber
- Department of Neuroscience, Regenerative Neurobiology, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 815, 751 08, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yilin Han
- Department of Neuroscience, Regenerative Neurobiology, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adam Feiler
- Nanologica AB, Forskargatan 20G, 151 36, Södertälje, Sweden.,Chemistry Department, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chunfang Zhou
- Chemistry Department, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ltd, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Adrian Israelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Elena N Kozlova
- Department of Neuroscience, Regenerative Neurobiology, Uppsala University Biomedical Center, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
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11
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Ranganayaki S, Govindaraj P, Gayathri N, Srinivas Bharath MM. Exposure to the neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid in neuronal cells induces unique histone acetylation pattern: Implications for neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104846. [PMID: 32927024 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is critical for neurodegeneration in movement disorders. Neurotoxicological models recapitulating movement disorder involve mitochondrial damage including inhibition of mitochondrial complexes. Previously, we demonstrated that neurotoxic models of Parkinson's disease and Manganism showed distinct morphological, electrophysiological and molecular profile indicating disease-specific characteristics. In a recent study, we demonstrated that the transcriptomic changes triggered by the neurotoxic mitochondrial complex II inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), was significantly different from the profile induced by the neurotoxic mitochondrial complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and mitochondrial toxin Manganese (Mn). Among the plausible pathways, we surmised that epigenetic mechanisms could contribute to 3-NPA specific transcriptomic profile. To address this, we assessed global and individual lys-specific acetylation profile of Histone H3 and H4 in the 3-NPA neuronal cell model. Our data revealed histone acetylation profile unique to the 3-NPA model that was not noted in the MPP+ and Mn models. Among the individual lys, Histone H3K56 showed robust dose and time-dependent hyperacetylation in the 3-NPA model. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) revealed that acetylated H3K56 was associated with 13072 chromatin sites, which showed increased occupancy in the transcription start site-promoter site. Acetylated histone H3K56 was associated with 1747 up-regulated and 263 down-regulated genes in the 3-NPA model, which included many up-regulated autophagy and mitophagy genes. Western analysis validated the involvement of PINK1-Parkin dependent mitophagy in the 3-NPA model. We propose that 3-NPA specific chromatin dynamics could contribute to the unique transcriptomic profile with implications for movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Periyasamy Govindaraj
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
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12
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Ng Kee Kwong KC, Mehta AR, Nedergaard M, Chandran S. Defining novel functions for cerebrospinal fluid in ALS pathophysiology. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:140. [PMID: 32819425 PMCID: PMC7439665 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-01018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable progress made towards understanding ALS pathophysiology, several key features of ALS remain unexplained, from its aetiology to its epidemiological aspects. The glymphatic system, which has recently been recognised as a major clearance pathway for the brain, has received considerable attention in several neurological conditions, particularly Alzheimer's disease. Its significance in ALS has, however, been little addressed. This perspective article therefore aims to assess the possibility of CSF contribution in ALS by considering various lines of evidence, including the abnormal composition of ALS-CSF, its toxicity and the evidence for impaired CSF dynamics in ALS patients. We also describe a potential role for CSF circulation in determining disease spread as well as the importance of CSF dynamics in ALS neurotherapeutics. We propose that a CSF model could potentially offer additional avenues to explore currently unexplained features of ALS, ultimately leading to new treatment options for people with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koy Chong Ng Kee Kwong
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arpan R Mehta
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK.
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Brain Development and Repair, inStem, Bangalore, India.
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13
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Khosla R, Rain M, Chawathey S, Modgil S, Tyagi R, Thakur K, Pannu V, Sharma SK, Anand A. Identifying putative cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a north Indian population. Muscle Nerve 2020; 62:528-533. [PMID: 32696574 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence-based information about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of biomarkers in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is limited. METHODS Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), optineurin (OPTN), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), angiogenin (ANG), and TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunoassay in the CSF of 54 patients with sporadic ALS and 32 controls in a case-control study design. RESULTS CSF levels of VEGF (P = .014) and ANG (P = .009) were decreased, whereas VEGFR2 was higher (P = .002) in patients with ALS than in controls. TDP-43 positively correlated with MCP-1 (P = .003), VEGF (P < .001), and VEGFR2 (P < .001) in patients with ALS. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest possible utility of VEGF, VEGFR2, and ANG as biomarkers for use in ALS treatment trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manjari Rain
- Neuroscience Research Lab, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Shweta Modgil
- Neuroscience Research Lab, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Keshav Thakur
- Neuroscience Research Lab, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Viraaj Pannu
- Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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14
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Keilhoff G, Mbou RP, Lucas B. Differentiation of NSC-34 cells is characterized by expression of NGF receptor p75, glutaminase and NCAM L1, activation of mitochondria, and sensitivity to fatty acid intervention. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151574. [PMID: 32622426 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Motor neuronal damage due to diseases, traumatic insults or de-afferentation of the spinal cord is often incurable because of poor intrinsic regenerative capacity. Hence, medical basic research has to provide a better understanding of development-/regeneration-related cellular processes as only way to develop new and successful therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated the neuronal differentiation of the NSC-34 hybrid cell line, which is an accepted model for spinal cord motor neurons. Their differentiation was stimulated by switching from normal to differentiation medium and by supplementation with palmitic and oleic acid. To characterize neuro-differentiation of NSC-34 cells, expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4, NGF p75 receptor, IGF I alpha receptor, glutaminase, NCAM L1, ADAM10 and myelin basic protein as well as activation of mitochondria were analyzed. Both switch from normal to differentiation medium and fatty acid application stimulated NSC-34 differentiation. Differentiation was characterized by diminishing expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 and enhancing expression of the NGF receptor p75, of glutaminase, of NCAM L1 and it's partially transformation from the cell surface into the cell. Fatty acid intervention stabilized the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4, diminished the expression of the NGF receptor p75, consolidated the expression profile of NCAM L1, and intensified the expression of the relevant for NCAM L1 cleavage ADAM10. However, NCAM L1 cleavage itself was unaffected by fatty acid intervention, as was the differentiation-relevant activation of mitochondria and their transformation into neuronal filopodia.
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15
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Mishra PS, Boutej H, Soucy G, Bareil C, Kumar S, Picher-Martel V, Dupré N, Kriz J, Julien JP. Transmission of ALS pathogenesis by the cerebrospinal fluid. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:65. [PMID: 32381112 PMCID: PMC7206749 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could provide a spreading route for pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we have examined the effects of intraventricular infusion during 2 weeks of pooled CSF samples from sporadic ALS patients or control CSF samples into transgenic mice expressing human TDP43WT which do not develop pathological phenotypes. Infusion of ALS-CSF, but not of control CSF, triggered motor and cognitive dysfunction, as well as ALS-like pathological changes including TDP43 proteinopathy, neurofilament disorganization and neuroinflammation. In addition, the neuron-specific translational profiles from peptide analyses of immunoprecipitated ribosomes revealed dysregulation of multiple protein networks in response to ALS-CSF altering cytoskeletal organization, vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial function, and cell metabolism. With normal mice, similar ALS-CSF infusion induced mild motor dysfunction but without significant TDP43 pathology in spinal neurons. We conclude that the CSF from sporadic ALS contains factors that can transmit and disseminate disease including TDP43 proteinopathy into appropriate recipient animal model expressing human TDP43. These findings open new research avenues for the discovery of etiogenic factors for sporadic ALS and for the testing of drugs aiming to neutralize the ALS-CSF toxicity.
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16
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Nango H, Kosuge Y, Yoshimura N, Miyagishi H, Kanazawa T, Hashizaki K, Suzuki T, Ishige K. The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Prostaglandin D 2-Induced Neuritogenesis in Motor Neuron-Like NSC-34 Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E934. [PMID: 32290308 PMCID: PMC7226968 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds derived from arachidonic acid. Our previous study has found that prostaglandin E2 promotes neurite outgrowth in NSC-34 cells, which are a model for motor neuron development. However, the effects of other prostaglandins on neuronal differentiation are poorly understood. The present study investigated the effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on neuritogenesis in NSC-34 cells. Exposure to PGD2 resulted in increased percentages of neurite-bearing cells and neurite length. Although D-prostanoid receptor (DP) 1 and DP2 were dominantly expressed in the cells, BW245C (a DP1 agonist) and 15(R)-15-methyl PGD2 (a DP2 agonist) had no effect on neurite outgrowth. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that PGD2 was converted to 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) under cell-free conditions. Exogenously applied 15d-PGJ2 mimicked the effect of PGD2 on neurite outgrowth. GW9662, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) antagonist, suppressed PGD2-induced neurite outgrowth. Moreover, PGD2 and 15d-PGJ2 increased the protein expression of Islet-1 (the earliest marker of developing motor neurons), and these increases were suppressed by co-treatment with GW9662. These results suggest that PGD2 induces neuritogenesis in NSC-34 cells and that PGD2-induced neurite outgrowth was mediated by the activation of PPARγ through the metabolite 15d-PGJ2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nango
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kosuge
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Nana Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroko Miyagishi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Kanazawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kaname Hashizaki
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Toyofumi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ishige
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, 7-7-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
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17
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Bernard A, Chevrier S, Beltjens F, Dosset M, Viltard E, Lagrange A, Derangère V, Oudot A, Ghiringhelli F, Collin B, Apetoh L, Feron O, Chen S, Arnould L, Végran F, Boidot R. Cleaved Caspase-3 Transcriptionally Regulates Angiogenesis-Promoting Chemotherapy Resistance. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5958-5970. [PMID: 31611309 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caspases are well known for their role in apoptosis. Recently, nonapoptotic roles of caspases have been identified, however, these noncanonical roles are not well documented and the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Here, we studied the role of cleaved caspase-3 using human- and mouse-proficient caspase-3 cancer cell lines and human-deficient caspase-3 cancer cells. Cleaved caspase-3 functioned as a transcription factor and directly bound to DNA. A DNA-binding domain was identified in the small subunit of caspase-3 and an active conformation was essential for caspase-3 transcriptional activity. Caspase-3 DNA binding enhanced angiogenesis by upregulating the expression of proangiogenic genes and by activating pathways that promoted endothelial cell activation. Some proapoptotic genes were downregulated in caspase-3-proficient cells. Inhibiting caspase-3 increased the efficacy of chemotherapy and decreased spontaneous tumor development. These data highlight a novel nonapoptotic role of caspase-3 and suggest that cleaved caspase-3 could be a new therapeutic target in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings report a noncanonical function of caspase-3 by demonstrating its ability to transcriptionally regulate the VEGFR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandy Chevrier
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Françoise Beltjens
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Valentin Derangère
- Inserm U1231, Dijon, France.,Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandra Oudot
- Preclinical Imaging Platform-Nuclear Medicine Department, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Inserm U1231, Dijon, France.,Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Bertrand Collin
- Preclinical Imaging Platform-Nuclear Medicine Department, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | | | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Suzie Chen
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Frédérique Végran
- Inserm U1231, Dijon, France.,Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Inserm U1231, Dijon, France. .,Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center-UNICANCER, Dijon, France
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18
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Kuang A, Erlund I, Herder C, Westerhuis JA, Tuomilehto J, Cornelis MC. Targeted proteomic response to coffee consumption. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1529-1539. [PMID: 31154491 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coffee is widely consumed and implicated in numerous health outcomes but the mechanisms by which coffee contributes to health is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of coffee drinking on candidate proteins involved in cardiovascular, immuno-oncological and neurological pathways. METHODS We examined fasting serum samples collected from a previously reported single blinded, three-stage clinical trial. Forty-seven habitual coffee consumers refrained from drinking coffee for 1 month, consumed 4 cups of coffee/day in the second month and 8 cups/day in the third month. Samples collected after each coffee stage were analyzed using three multiplex proximity extension assays that, after quality control, measured a total of 247 proteins implicated in cardiovascular, immuno-oncological and neurological pathways and of which 59 were previously linked to coffee exposure. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test the relationship between coffee treatment and each protein. RESULTS Two neurology-related proteins including carboxypeptidase M (CPM) and neutral ceramidase (N-CDase or ASAH2), significantly increased after coffee intake (P < 0.05 and Q < 0.05). An additional 46 proteins were nominally associated with coffee intake (P < 0.05 and Q > 0.05); 9, 8 and 29 of these proteins related to cardiovascular, immuno-oncological and neurological pathways, respectively, and the levels of 41 increased with coffee intake. CONCLUSIONS CPM and N-CDase levels increased in response to coffee intake. These proteins have not previously been linked to coffee and are thus novel markers of coffee response worthy of further study. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12547806.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Kuang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Iris Erlund
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johan A Westerhuis
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Disease Risk Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jidda, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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19
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Kou ZW, Mo JL, Wu KW, Qiu MH, Huang YL, Tao F, Lei Y, Lv LL, Sun FY. Vascular endothelial growth factor increases the function of calcium-impermeable AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit in astrocytes via activation of protein kinase C signaling pathway. Glia 2019; 67:1344-1358. [PMID: 30883902 PMCID: PMC6594043 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytic calcium signaling plays pivotal roles in the maintenance of neural functions and neurovascular coupling in the brain. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an original biological substance of vessels, regulates the movement of calcium and potassium ions across neuronal membrane. In this study, we investigated whether and how VEGF regulates glutamate-induced calcium influx in astrocytes. We used cultured astrocytes combined with living cell imaging to detect the calcium influx induced by glutamate. We found that VEGF quickly inhibited the glutamate/hypoxia-induced calcium influx, which was blocked by an AMPA receptor antagonist CNQX, but not D-AP5 or UBP310, NMDA and kainate receptor antagonist, respectively. VEGF increased phosphorylation of PKCα and AMPA receptor subunit GluA2 in astrocytes, and these effects were diminished by SU1498 or calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor. With the pHluorin assay, we observed that VEGF significantly increased membrane insertion and expression of GluA2, but not GluA1, in astrocytes. Moreover, siRNA-produced knockdown of GluA2 expression in astrocytes reversed the inhibitory effect of VEGF on glutamate-induced calcium influx. Together, our results suggest that VEGF reduces glutamate-induced calcium influx in astrocytes via enhancing PKCα-mediated GluA2 phosphorylation, which in turn promotes the membrane insertion and expression of GluA2 and causes AMPA receptors to switch from calcium-permeable to calcium-impermeable receptors, thereby inhibiting astrocytic calcium influx. The present study reveals that excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate-mediated astrocytic calcium influx can be regulated by vascular biological factor via activation of AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit and uncovers a novel coupling mechanism between astrocytes and endothelial cells within the neurovascular unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Wei Kou
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jia-Lin Mo
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kun-Wei Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of System Biology for Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mei-Hong Qiu
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ya-Lin Huang
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of System Biology for Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling-Ling Lv
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Feng-Yan Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute for Basic Research on Aging and Medicine of School of Basic Medical Sciences and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of System Biology for Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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20
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Effects of craniopharyngioma cyst fluid on neurons and glial cells cultured from rat brain hypothalamus. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 94:93-101. [PMID: 30339791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare, epithelial tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) that could lead to manifestation of multiple post-operative symptoms, ranging from hormonal imbalance to obesity, diabetes, visual, neurological and neurocognitive impairments. CP is more frequent in children, and has been reported in middle aged adults as well. In fact, arterial laceration and/or brain stroke which may occur following the removal of some CPs is mainly due to calcification of that CPs along with strong attachments to the blood vessels. The dense oily fluid content of CPs is reported to cause brain tissue damage, demyelination and axonal loss in the hypothalamus; however, its exact effect on different cell types of CNS is still unexplored. In this study, we have collected CP cyst fluid (CCF) from mostly young patients during surgical removal and exposed it 9-10 days in vitro to the primary cultures derived from rat brain hypothalamus for 48 h. A gradual decline in cell viability was noted with increasing concentration of CCF. Moreover, a distinct degenerative morphological transformation was observed in neurons and glial cells, including appearance of blebbing and overall reduction of the cell volume. Further, enhanced expression of Caspase-3 in neurons and glial cells exposed to CCF by immunofluorescence imaging, supported by Western blot experiment suggest CCF induced apoptosis of hypothalamic cells in culture. In this study, we have demonstrated the deleterious effects of the cyst fluid on various cell types within the tumors originating region of the brain and its surroundings for the first time. Taken together, this finding could be beneficial towards identifying the region specific toxic effects of the cyst fluid and its underlying mechanism.
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21
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Gómez-Pinedo U, Galán L, Yañez M, Matias-Guiu J, Valencia C, Guerrero-Sola A, Lopez-Sosa F, Brin J, Benito-Martin M, Leon-Espinosa G, Vela-Souto A, Lendinez C, Guillamón-Vivancos T, Matias-Guiu J, Arranz-Tagarro J, Barcia J, Garcia A. Histological changes in the rat brain and spinal cord following prolonged intracerebroventricular infusion of cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients are similar to those caused by the disease. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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22
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Shanmukha S, Narayanappa G, Nalini A, Alladi PA, Raju TR. Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS) - skeletal muscle response to cerebrospinal fluid from SALS patients in a rat model. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/4/dmm031997. [PMID: 29666144 PMCID: PMC5963857 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.031997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is the most prominent feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons. However, the contribution of skeletal muscle to disease progression remains elusive. Our previous studies have shown that intrathecal injection of cerebrospinal fluid from sporadic ALS patients (ALS-CSF) induces several degenerative changes in motor neurons and glia of neonatal rats. Here, we describe various pathologic events in the rat extensor digitorum longus muscle following intrathecal injection of ALS-CSF. Adenosine triphosphatase staining and electron microscopic (EM) analysis revealed significant atrophy and grouping of type 2 fibres in ALS-CSF-injected rats. Profound neuromuscular junction (NMJ) damage, such as fragmentation accompanied by denervation, were revealed by α-bungarotoxin immunostaining. Altered expression of key NMJ proteins, rapsyn and calpain, was also observed by immunoblotting. In addition, EM analysis showed sarcolemmal folding, Z-line streaming, structural alterations of mitochondria and dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum. The expression of trophic factors was affected, with significant downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), marginal reduction in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). However, motor neurons might be unable to harness the enhanced levels of BDNF and GDNF, owing to impaired NMJs. We propose that ALS-CSF triggers motor neuronal degeneration, resulting in pathological changes in the skeletal muscle. Muscle damage further aggravates the motor neuronal pathology, because of the interdependency between them. This sets in a vicious cycle, leading to rapid and progressive loss of motor neurons, which could explain the relentless course of ALS.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Shanmukha
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Gayathri Narayanappa
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Atchayaram Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Phalguni Anand Alladi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India
| | - Trichur R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India
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Mishra PS, Vijayalakshmi K, Nalini A, Sathyaprabha TN, Kramer BW, Alladi PA, Raju TR. Etiogenic factors present in the cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients induce predominantly pro-inflammatory responses in microglia. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:251. [PMID: 29246232 PMCID: PMC5732516 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microglial cell-associated neuroinflammation is considered as a potential contributor to the pathophysiology of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the specific role of microglia in the disease pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Methods We studied the activation profiles of the microglial cultures exposed to the cerebrospinal fluid from these patients which recapitulates the neurodegeneration seen in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This was done by investigating the morphological and functional changes including the expression levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-10, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase, and trophic factors. We also studied the effect of chitotriosidase, the inflammatory protein found upregulated in the cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, on these cultures. Results We report that the cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients could induce an early and potent response in the form of microglial activation, skewed primarily towards a pro-inflammatory profile. It was seen in the form of upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and factors including IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and PGE2. Concomitantly, a downregulation of beneficial trophic factors and anti-inflammatory markers including VEGF, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and IFN-γ was seen. In addition, chitotriosidase-1 appeared to act specifically via the microglial cells. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients holds enough cues to induce microglial inflammatory processes as an early event, which may contribute to the neurodegeneration seen in the sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These findings highlight the dynamic role of microglial cells in the pathogenesis of the disease, thus suggesting the need for a multidimensional and temporally guarded therapeutic approach targeting the inflammatory pathways for its treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-1028-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja-Shree Mishra
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.,Present Address: Centre de Recherche CERVO, Quebec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - K Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - A Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - T N Sathyaprabha
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - B W Kramer
- School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands
| | - Phalguni Anand Alladi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - T R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
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VEGF alleviates ALS-CSF induced cytoplasmic accumulations of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS in NSC-34 cells. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 81:48-52. [PMID: 28163215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic mislocalisation and aggregation of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS proteins in spinal motor neurons contribute to the pathogenesis of the highly fatal disorder amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We investigated the neuroprotective effect of VEGF on expression of these proteins in the motor neuronal cell line NSC-34 modelled to reminisce sporadic form of ALS. We studied the expression of TDP-43 and FUS/TLS proteins after exposure to ALS-CSF and following VEGF supplementation by quantitative confocal microscopy and electron microscopy. ALS-CSF caused cytoplasmic overexpression of both the proteins and stress-granule formation in the cells. These alterations were alleviated by VEGF supplementation. The related ultrastructural changes like nuclear membrane dysmorphism and p-bodies associated changes were also reversed. However the protein expression did not completely translocate to the nucleus, as some cells continued to show to cytoplasmic mislocalisation. Thus, the present findings indicate that VEGF alleviates TDP43 and FUS pathology by complimenting its role in controlling apoptosis and reversing choline acetyl transferase expression. Hence, VEGF appears to target multiple pathogenic processes in the neurodegenerative cascade of ALS.
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Shruthi S, Sumitha R, Varghese AM, Ashok S, Chandrasekhar Sagar BK, Sathyaprabha TN, Nalini A, Kramer BW, Raju TR, Vijayalakshmi K, Alladi PA. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Facilitates Functional Recovery from ALS-Cerebral Spinal Fluid-Induced Neurodegenerative Changes in the NSC-34 Motor Neuron Cell Line. NEURODEGENER DIS 2016; 17:44-58. [PMID: 27617773 DOI: 10.1159/000447559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The survival of motor neurons is dependent upon neurotrophic factors both during childhood and adolescence and during adult life. In disease conditions, such as in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the mRNA levels of trophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor are downregulated. This was replicated in our in vivo experimental system following the injection of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of sporadic ALS (ALS-CSF) patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective role of BDNF in a model of sporadic ALS patients. METHODS The expressions of endogenous BDNF, its receptor TrkB, the enzyme choline acetyl transferase (ChAT), and phosphorylated neurofilaments were studied in NSC-34 cells. The calcium-buffering and proapoptotic effects were assessed by calbindin-D28K and caspase-3 expression, respectively. RESULTS ALS-CSF considerably depleted the endogenous BDNF protein, while its effect on IGF-1 and FGF-2 was inconsequential; this indirectly indicates a key role for BDNF in supporting motor neuronal survival. The exogenous supplementation of BDNF reversed autocrine expression; however, it may not be completely receptor mediated, as the TrkB levels were not restored. BDNF completely revived ChAT expression. It may inhibit apoptosis by restoring Ca2+ homeostasis, since caspase-3 and calbindin-D28K expression was back to normal. The organellar ultrastructural changes were only partially reversed. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that BDNF supplementation ameliorates most but not all degenerative changes. The incomplete revival at the ultrastructural level signifies the requirement of factors other than BDNF for near-total protection of motor neurons, and, to an extent, it explains why only a partial success is achieved in clinical trials with BDNF in ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmukha Shruthi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Mishra PS, Dhull DK, Nalini A, Vijayalakshmi K, Sathyaprabha TN, Alladi PA, Raju TR. Astroglia acquires a toxic neuroinflammatory role in response to the cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:212. [PMID: 27578023 PMCID: PMC5006495 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-cell autonomous toxicity is one of the potential mechanisms implicated in the etiopathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the exact role of glial cells in ALS pathology is yet to be fully understood. In a cellular model recapitulating the pathology of sporadic ALS, we have studied the inflammatory response of astroglia following exposure to the cerebrospinal fluid from ALS patients (ALS-CSF). Methods Various inflammatory markers including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, COX-2, PGE-2, trophic factors, glutamate, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed in the rat astroglial cultures exposed to ALS-CSF and compared with the disease control or normal controls. We used immunofluorescence, ELISA, and immunoblotting techniques to investigate the protein expression and real-time PCR to study the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Glutamate, NO, and ROS were estimated using appropriate biochemical assays. Further, the effect of conditioned medium from the astroglial cultures exposed to ALS-CSF on NSC-34 motor neuronal cell line was detected using the MTT assay. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, or Student’s t test, as applicable. Results Here, we report that the ALS-CSF enhanced the production and release of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as COX-2 and PGE-2. Concomitantly, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the beneficial trophic factors, namely VEGF and GDNF, were down-regulated. We also found impaired regulation of glutamate, NO, and ROS in the astroglial cultures treated with ALS-CSF. The conditioned medium from the ALS-CSF exposed astroglial cultures induced degeneration in NSC-34 cells. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the astroglial cells contribute to the neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegeneration in the in vitro model of sporadic ALS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0698-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja-Shree Mishra
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.,Present address: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec (CRIUSMQ), Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Dinesh K Dhull
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.,Present address: Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - A Nalini
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - K Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - T N Sathyaprabha
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Phalguni Anand Alladi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Trichur R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India. trraju.nimhans.@gmail.com
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Gómez-Pinedo U, Galán L, Yañez M, Matias-Guiu J, Valencia C, Guerrero-Sola A, Lopez-Sosa F, Brin JR, Benito-Martin MS, Leon-Espinosa G, Vela-Souto A, Lendinez C, Guillamon-Vivancos T, Matias-Guiu JA, Arranz-Tagarro JA, Barcia JA, Garcia AG. Histological changes in the rat brain and spinal cord following prolonged intracerebroventricular infusion of cerebrospinal fluid from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients are similar to those caused by the disease. Neurologia 2016; 33:211-223. [PMID: 27570180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients induces cytotoxic effects in in vitro cultured motor neurons. MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected CSF with previously reported cytotoxic effects from 32 ALS patients. Twenty-eight adult male rats were intracerebroventricularly implanted with osmotic mini-pumps and divided into 3 groups: 9 rats injected with CSF from non-ALS patients, 15 rats injected with cytotoxic ALS-CSF, and 4 rats injected with a physiological saline solution. CSF was intracerebroventricularly and continuously infused for periods of 20 or 43days after implantation. We conducted clinical assessments and electromyographic examinations, and histological analyses were conducted in rats euthanised 20, 45, and 82days after surgery. RESULTS Immunohistochemical studies revealed tissue damage with similar characteristics to those found in the sporadic forms of ALS, such as overexpression of cystatinC, transferrin, and TDP-43 protein in the cytoplasm. The earliest changes observed seemed to play a protective role due to the overexpression of peripherin, AKTpan, AKTphospho, and metallothioneins; this expression had diminished by the time we analysed rats euthanised on day 82, when an increase in apoptosis was observed. The first cellular changes identified were activated microglia followed by astrogliosis and overexpression of GFAP and S100B proteins. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that ALS could spread through CSF and that intracerebroventricular administration of cytotoxic ALS-CSF provokes changes similar to those found in sporadic forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gómez-Pinedo
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - L Galán
- Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - M Yañez
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J Matias-Guiu
- Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - C Valencia
- Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - A Guerrero-Sola
- Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - F Lopez-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J R Brin
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - M S Benito-Martin
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - G Leon-Espinosa
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - A Vela-Souto
- Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - C Lendinez
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - T Guillamon-Vivancos
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J A Matias-Guiu
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Neurociencias, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Servicio de Neurología, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J A Arranz-Tagarro
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J A Barcia
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - A G Garcia
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Shinomol GK, Ranganayaki S, Joshi AK, Gayathri N, Gowda H, Muralidhara, Srinivas Bharath MM. Characterization of age-dependent changes in the striatum: Response to the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:66-82. [PMID: 27143313 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative phenomena are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and this could be exacerbated by aging. Age-dependence of mitochondrial response to toxins could help understand these mechanisms and evolve novel therapeutics. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a mitochondrial toxin that induces neurotoxicity in the striatum via inhibition of complex II. We investigated the age-related events that contribute to 3-NPA toxicity. 3-NPA induced neuronal death, oxidative stress and altered mitochondrial structure in neuronal cells. 3-NPA injection in vivo caused motor impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage with different trend in young and adult mice. To understand the age-dependent mechanisms, we carried out proteomic analysis of the striatal protein extract from young mice (control: YC vs. 3-NPA treated: YT) and adult mice (control: AC vs. 3-NPA treated: AT). Among the 3752 identified proteins, 33 differentially expressed proteins (mitochondrial, synaptic and microsomal proteins) were unique either to YT or AT. Interestingly, comparison of the proteomic profile in AC and YC indicated that 161 proteins (linked with cytoskeletal structure, neuronal development, axogenesis, protein transport, cell adhesion and synaptic function) were down-regulated in AC compared to YC. We surmise that aging contributes to the cellular and molecular architecture in the mouse striatum with implications for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Shinomol
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - S Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Apurva K Joshi
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics (IOB), Discoverer, Industrial Technology Park Limited (ITPL), Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - Muralidhara
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
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Kumari J, Hussain M, De S, Chandra S, Modi P, Tikoo S, Singh A, Sagar C, Sepuri NBV, Sengupta S. Mitochondrial functions of RECQL4 are required for the prevention of aerobic glycolysis-dependent cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1312-8. [PMID: 26906415 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.181297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in RECQL4 helicase are associated with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, which is characterized by a predisposition to cancer. RECQL4 localizes to the mitochondria, where it acts as an accessory factor during mitochondrial DNA replication. To understand the specific mitochondrial functions of RECQL4, we created isogenic cell lines, in which the mitochondrial localization of the helicase was either retained or abolished. The mitochondrial integrity was affected due to the absence of RECQL4 in mitochondria, leading to a decrease in F1F0-ATP synthase activity. In cells where RECQL4 does not localize to mitochondria, the membrane potential was decreased, whereas ROS levels increased due to the presence of high levels of catalytically inactive SOD2. Inactive SOD2 accumulated owing to diminished SIRT3 activity. Lack of the mitochondrial functions of RECQL4 led to aerobic glycolysis that, in turn, led to an increased invasive capability within these cells. Together, this study demonstrates for the first time that, owing to its mitochondrial functions, the accessory mitochondrial replication helicase RECQL4 prevents the invasive step in the neoplastic transformation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kumari
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mansoor Hussain
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Siddharth De
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Suruchika Chandra
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Priyanka Modi
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shweta Tikoo
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Chandrasekhar Sagar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Naresh Babu V Sepuri
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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Kakio S, Funakoshi-Tago M, Kobata K, Tamura H. Coffee induces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human neuroblastama SH-SY5Y cells. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:336-342. [PMID: 26788968 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1133106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that hypoxia-inducible vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects on neuronal and glial cells. On the other hand, recent epidemiological studies showed that daily coffee consumption has been associated with a lower risk of several neuronal disorders. Therefore, we investigated the effect of coffee on VEGF expression in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that even low concentration of coffee (<2%) strongly induced VEGF expression via an activation of HIF-1α. The activation of HIF-1α by coffee was attributed to the coffee-dependent inhibition of prolyl hydroxylation of HIF1α, which is essential for proteolytic degradation of HIF-1α. However, no inhibition was observed at the catalytic activity in vitro. Coffee component(s) responsible for the activation of HIF-1α was not major constituents such as caffeine, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and trigonelline, but was found to emerge during roasting process. The active component(s) was extractable with ethyl acetate. Our results suggest that daily consumption of coffee may induce VEGF expression in neuronal cells. This might be related to protective effect of coffee on neural disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kakio
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University , Tokyo , Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kobata
- b Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences , Josai University , Saitama , Japan
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University , Tokyo , Japan
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Lysogorskaia EV, Abramycheva NY, Zakharova MN, Stepanova MS, Moroz AA, Rossokhin AV, Illarioshkin SN. Genetic studies of Russian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2015; 17:135-41. [PMID: 26551617 DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2015.1107100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to search for mutations in genes SOD1, TARDBP, C9orf72, ANG, ATXN2 and VEGF in Russian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A group of 208 Russian patients with ALS was examined. Molecular genetic analysis was conducted using direct sequencing, fragment analysis, and real-time PCR. We found eight different point mutations in the SOD1 gene, with the frequency of mutations being 50% in familial ALS and 3% in sporadic ALS. No mutations were found in exon 6 of the TARDBP gene; however, deletion c.715-126delG in intron 5 of TARDBP was over-represented in ALS patients compared to controls (38% vs. 26.6%; χ(2 )= 13.17; p = 0.002). Hexanucleotide repeat expansion of the C9orf72 gene was revealed in 2.5% of sporadic ALS patients. Mutations in the ANG gene were identified in 1.5% of sporadic ALS patients. The presence of an intermediate number (28-33) of GAC repeats in the ATXN2 gene was observed significantly more often in the study group compared to the control group (5% vs. 1.7%; χ(2 )= 3.89; p = 0.0486). In the cohort examined, we found an association between the disease and the risk A-allele and the A/A genotype at the -2578С/А locus of the VEGF gene. In conclusion, we determined for the first time the genetic basis of ALS in a Russian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna A Moroz
- a Research Centre of Neurology , Moscow , Russia
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