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Mor J, Sharma SK. Decoupling of ion-transport from polymer segmental relaxation and higher ionic-conductivity in poly(ethylene oxide)/succinonitrile composite-based electrolytes having low lithium salt doping. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 38639464 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Only limited enhancement in room-temperature ionic-conductivity for poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, based electrolytes is possible due to coupling between ionic-conductivity and segmental relaxation. In the present study, we have achieved ionic-conductivity of 1.07 × 10-3 and 6.20 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 313 and 298 K, respectively, by adding 45 wt% of succinonitrile (SN) in PEO having low LiTFSI loading (Li : EO = 1 : 20). This enhancement in the ionic-conductivity is attributed to faster ion transport (diffusion coefficient, D = 3.63 × 10-5 cm2 s-1) occurring through the ion-transport channels as confirmed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. The ionic-transport through these channels is observed to be highly decoupled from the segmental relaxations as confirmed using broadband dielectric spectroscopy through Ratner's approach. The observed decoupling of ionic-conductivity from PEO segmental relaxation in PEO-SN composite-based electrolytes would be useful to design rather inexpensive all solid-state polymer electrolytes for Li ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mor
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
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Virk A, Kalia M, Singh P, Kumar Sharma S, Goel S, Singh S, Sharma S. Tobacco use in currently married pregnant & lactating women in India; key findings from the National Family Health Survey-5. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2024; 23:100274. [PMID: 38404516 PMCID: PMC10884969 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Tobacco use among pregnant and lactating women carries dangerous repercussions for women and their children. Limited information is available at the national level on the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use in this vulnerable sub-population of women. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use among currently married pregnant and lactating women and its association with demographic, behavioural and regional determinants in India. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during which secondary data from the fifth National Family Health Survey, 2019-2020, was analysed. The prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) for different forms of tobacco use were documented among currently married pregnant and lactating women. Adjusted Odds Ratio and 95% CI were calculated using multivariate logistic regression to identify the independent factors associated with different forms of tobacco use among respondents after applying sampling weights. Findings In India, the prevalence of tobacco use among currently married pregnant and lactating women was 2.5% and 3.2%, respectively, with over 85% of tobacco-using currently married pregnant (85.6%) and lactating (85.6%) women using smokeless tobacco (SLT) only. Age group 30-34 years, working women and the richest wealth quintile were found to be independent predictors of smoked tobacco use among currently married pregnant women. In contrast, among the currently married lactating women, the middle wealth quintile and South Indian region were found to be independent predictors of smoked tobacco use. Interpretation Smokeless tobacco was found to be the most prevalent type of tobacco consumed by pregnant and lactating women in India. There is an urgent need to curb tobacco use in this vulnerable sub-population of women in the country by sensitising them to the harmful consequences of tobacco use by integrating tobacco awareness and cessation services during routine ante-natal examinations. Funding No funding was received for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Virk
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Kalia
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Parmal Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Adesh Medical College & Hospital, Shahabad, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | | | - Sonu Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Population Research Center, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. BR Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab, India
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Mohan K, Sharma SK. Long-term Motor and Sensory Outcomes After Unilateral Medial Rectus Recession-Lateral Rectus Resection for Infantile Esotropia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2024; 61:106-113. [PMID: 37615418 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20230721-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report long-term motor and sensory outcomes after unilateral medial rectus recession-lateral rectus resection for infantile esotropia. METHODS The medical records of patients who had undergone unilateral medial rectus recession-lateral rectus resection for infantile esotropia and were followed up postoperatively for a minimum of 10 years were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 100 patients were included. The mean age at surgery was 2.9 ± 2.2 years (range: 2.5 months to 9.0 years). The mean postoperative follow-up was 15.7 ± 4.4 years (range:10.0 to 27.5 years). Overall, 54 patients (54%) had surgical success at their last follow-up visit. Age at first surgery, strabismus duration, degree of hyperopia, preoperative size of deviation, presence of dissociated vertical deviation, inferior oblique overaction, or both dissociated vertical deviation and inferior oblique overaction, and the number of esotropia surgeries did not predict motor outcome after surgery. Consecutive exotropia developed in 43% of patients (constant in 18% and intermittent in 25%). Residual and recurrent esotropia occurred in 20% and 21% of patients, respectively. Refractive accommodative esotropia developed in 17% of patients and there was a high accommodation convergence/accommodation ratio esotropia in 2%. Peripheral binocular single vision was achieved in 54% of patients and stereopsis in 1%. Patients with 1.5 years or less of strabismus duration had better chances of achieving peripheral binocular single vision. CONCLUSIONS Nearly half of the patients with infantile esotropia achieved a successful long-term motor outcome and peripheral binocular single vision. Consecutive exotropia occurred frequently. Recurrent esotropia and refractive accommodative esotropia developed in some patients, and a high accommodation convergence/accommodation ratio esotropia in a few. Stereopsis outcome was extremely poor. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2024;61(2):106-113.].
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Lahiri D, Krishna KVM, Verma AK, Modak P, Vishwanadh B, Chattopadhyay S, Shibata T, Sharma SK, Sarkar SK, Clifton PH, Biswas A, Garg N, K Dey G. Comprehensive characterization of the structure of Zr-based metallic glasses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4911. [PMID: 38418473 PMCID: PMC10902397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Structure of metallic glasses fascinates as the generic amorphous structural template for ubiquitous systems. Its specification necessitates determination of the complete hierarchical structure, starting from short-range-order (SRO) → medium-range-order (MRO) → bulk structure and free volume (FV) distribution. This link has largely remained elusive since previous investigations adopted one-technique-at-a-time approach, focusing on limited aspects of any one domain. Reconstruction of structure from experimental data inversion is non-unique for many of these techniques. As a result, complete and precise structural understanding of glass has not emerged yet. In this work, we demonstrate the first experimental pathway for reconstruction of the integrated structure, forZr 67 Ni 33 andZr 52 Ti 6 Al 10 Cu 18 Ni 14 glasses. Our strategy engages diverse (× 7) multi-scale techniques [XAFS, 3D-APT, ABED/NBED, FEM, XRD, PAS, FHREM] on the same glass. This strategy complemented mutual limitations of techniques and corroborated common parameters to generate complete, self-consistent and precise parameters. Further, MRO domain size and inter-void separation were correlated to identify the presence of FV at MRO boundaries. This enabled the first experimental reconstruction of hierarchical subset: SRO → MRO → FV → bulk structure. The first ever image of intermediate region between MRO domains emerged from this link. We clarify that determination of all subsets is not our objective; the essence and novelty of this work lies in directing the pathway towards finite solution, in the most logical and unambiguous way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdutta Lahiri
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - K V Mani Krishna
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ashok K Verma
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - P Modak
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - B Vishwanadh
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Soma Chattopadhyay
- Physical Sciences Department, Elgin Community College, 1700 Spartan Drive, Elgin, IL, 60123, USA
| | - Tomohiro Shibata
- Materials Science, Kennametal Inc., 1600 Technology Way, Latrobe, PA, 15650, USA
| | - S K Sharma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sudip Kumar Sarkar
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | | | - A Biswas
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Nandini Garg
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - G K Dey
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Sharma SK, Mohanty BP, Singh V, Bansal MP, Singhal NK, Sharma SK, Sandhir R. Trace elements dyshomeostasis in liver and brain of weanling mice under altered dietary selenium conditions. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127305. [PMID: 37778095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A balanced diet containing selenium (Se) and other trace elements is essential for normal development and growth. Se has been recognized as an essential trace element; however, its interaction with other elements has not been fully investigated. In the present study, sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), Se and rubidium (Rb), were analysed in liver and brain regions under altered dietary Se intake in weanling mice to identify major discriminatory elements. METHODS The study investigated the effects of different levels of Se intake on the elemental composition in liver and brain tissues of weaned mice. After 24 weeks of feeding with Se adequate, deficient, and excess diets, elemental analysis was performed on the harvested tissues using Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical analysis that included analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), correlation coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed. RESULTS The ANCOVA showed statistically significant changes and correlations among the analysed elements under altered dietary Se status. The multivariate analysis showed differential changes in elements in liver and brain regions. The results suggest that long-term dietary Se alternations lead to dyshomeostasis in trace elements that are required in higher concentrations compared to Se. It was observed that changes in the Fe, Co, and Rb levels were similar in all the tissues studied, whereas the changes in Mg, Cr, and Mn levels were different among the tissues under altered dietary Se status. Additionally, the changes in Rb levels correlated with the dietary Se intake but had no relation with the tissue Se levels. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest interactions between Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Se under altered Se status may impact cellular functions during postnatal development. However, the possible biological significance of alterations in Rb levels under different dietary Se paradigms needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vishal Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar 140306, India
| | | | - Nitin Kumar Singhal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar 140306, India
| | | | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Tsatsos M, Athanasiadis I, MacGregor C, Sharma SK, Anderson D, Hossain P. Contact Lens Use Advice-Risks and Outcomes: Are Patients Drowning in Information but Starved for Knowledge? Turk J Ophthalmol 2023; 53:136-141. [PMID: 37345286 DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2023.73184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Microbial keratitis can cause significant visual morbidity and is a common reason for presentation to eye casualty clinics. Contact lens wear and poor contact lens hygiene significantly increase the risk of corneal infection. This study aimed to determine the level of contact lens hygiene awareness amongst contact lens wearers attending our service and determining whether contact lens type and hygiene attitude are related to severity of disease. Materials and Methods This prospective questionnaire-based study included 50 consecutive patients attending the eye casualty clinic of a tertiary referral center. Visual acuity was assessed at presentation and 2 weeks after diagnosis. Patients were divided into subgroups according to contact lens type (monthly, bi-weekly, daily, and extended day and night wear) and risk group (low, medium, and high) depending on their contact lens hygiene practices. Results Thirty-four women and 16 men were included in this study. Twenty-four patients used monthly disposable contact lenses, 16 used daily disposable contact lenses, 6 were using bi-weekly replacement lenses, and 4 patients were using extended wear (day and night) contact lenses. Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with corneal ulcer, 23 of which had some degree of poor contact lens hygiene. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved after treatment. Mean BCVA was 0.24 LogMAR before treatment and 0.09 LogMAR after treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study highlights the need to improve contact lens hygiene awareness and influence hygiene practices. Patients with the poorest contact lens hygiene had slower visual recovery and a higher prevalence of corneal ulcer. Contact lens hygiene advice needs to be clear and reinforced over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tsatsos
- Thessaloniki Aristoteles University, Department of Ophthalmology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Athanasiadis
- Thessaloniki Aristoteles University, Department of Ophthalmology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - David Anderson
- Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Parwez Hossain
- Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Mahajan D, Gupta MK, Mantri N, Joshi NK, Gnanasekar S, Goel AD, Srinivasan S, Gonade NM, Sharma SK, Garg MK, Bhardwaj P. Musculoskeletal disorders among doctors and nursing officers : an occupational hazard of overstrained healthcare delivery system in western Rajasthan, India. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:349. [PMID: 37142985 PMCID: PMC10157123 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and distribution of MSDs in different anatomical regions among Doctors and NO and to determine their ergonomic risk factors and predictors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in an apex institution in Western India. The socio-demographic information, medical and occupational history, and other personal and work-related attributes were captured using a semi-structured questionnaire, which was developed and finalized by piloting on 32 participants (who were not part of the study). Nordic Musculoskeletal and International Physical Activity Questionnaires were used to assess MSDs and Physical activity. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.23. Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms (M.S.), Multisite Musculoskeletal Symptoms (MMS), and Widespread Musculoskeletal Symptoms (WMS) were calculated. A comparison was made to estimate the burden and distribution of MSD among Doctors and Nursing officers. Logistic regression was applied to identify the predictors of MSDs and pinpoint the risk factors associated with MSDs. RESULTS A total of 310 participants, of which 38.7% were doctors, and 61.3% were Nursing Officers (NOs) were included in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 31.63 ± 4.9 years. Almost 73% (95%CI: 67.9-78.1) of participants had MSD in the last 12 months, with approximately 41.6% (95%CI: 36.1-47.3) suffering from MSDs in the previous seven days of the survey. The lower back (49.7%) and the neck (36.5%) were the most affected sites. Working in the same position for a long time (43.5%) and not taking adequate breaks (31.3%) were the highest self-reported risk factors. Females had significantly higher odds of having pain in the upper back [aOR:2.49(1.27-4.85)], neck [aOR:2.15(1.22-3.77)], shoulder [aOR:2.8 (1.54-5.11)], hips [aOR:9.46 (3.95-22.68)] and knee [aOR:3.8(1.99-7.26)]. CONCLUSIONS Females, who are NOs, work for > 48 h per week, and fall in the obese category were significantly at more risk of developing MSDs. Working in an awkward position, treating an excessive number of patients in a day, working in the same position for a long period, performing repeated tasks, and not having enough rest breaks were significant risk factors for MSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Mahajan
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Neha Mantri
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Joshi
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sridevi Gnanasekar
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akhil Dhanesh Goel
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srikanth Srinivasan
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nitesh Manohar Gonade
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Garg
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Community Medicine & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Sharma SK, Mandal TK. Correction to: Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) in Delhi, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 110:88. [PMID: 37131083 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - T K Mandal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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Singh SP, Singh H, Saini S, Mishra GK, Sharma SK. Studies on the breeding potential and entomological indices of dengue vector Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in the district Ghaziabad of Uttar Pradesh, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2023; 60:187-192. [PMID: 37417168 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.353270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The female Aedes mosquito is a vector of many arboviruses-borne diseases. The evidence and information regarding their breeding habitats are vital for implementing appropriate control policies. METHODS An entomological survey was done at three sites in Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh, India viz. Indirapuram, Vasundhara, and Vaishali to generate the first boundary line information of breeding sites of Aedes aegypti larvae for the early prevention and control interventions for dengue management. RESULTS A total of 2994 containers were checked in 1169 households at the time of the survey for breeding sites of Aedes mosquito during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon period, out of which 667 containers were found positive in 518 positive households. The total HI, CI, and BI were 44.31, 22.27, and 57.05 respectively. The maximum and minimum breeding indices were found during monsoon and pre-monsoon respectively. The most preferred containers for Aedes breeding were cement tanks for lotus plants in nurseries, drums, and small and large size pots for storage of water and ornamental plants mostly in 8 plant nurseries. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION Breeding of Aedes was found in nurseries and desert coolers which were the primary breeding containers found during the survey. The containers found positive during surveys were emptied or destroyed with the help of the local community and the breeding status of nurseries was informed to the health authorities of Ghaziabad to take necessary action against the breeding sites of the Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Himmat Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Suruchi Saini
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - G K Mishra
- State Malaria Office, State Health Department, Ghaziabad, India
| | - S K Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India
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Dabadghao VS, Sharma SK, Malik SK, Khese VB. An Unusual Case of Telangiectasias. J Assoc Physicians India 2023; 71:11-12. [PMID: 37355798 DOI: 10.5005/japi-11001-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telengiectasias are defined as persistent dilatation of small capillaries in the superficial dermis Case : A 26-year-old woman presented with red lesions, epistaxis, joint pains, color changes of the hands, and breathlessness. On clinical examination and investigations, a final diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), with interstitial lung disease (ILD), with telangiectasias, and epistaxis was made. Telangiectasias and epistaxis are rare presentations of MCTD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Satbir Kaur Malik
- Former Postgraduate Resident, Department of Medicine, Dr DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikrant B Khese
- Former Postgraduate Resident, Department of Medicine, Dr DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr DY Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Anne PB, Gupta A, Misra S, Sharma SK, Garg MK, Bajpayee A, Bundas S, Bohra M, Asirvatham V. Economic Evaluation of Nucleic Acid Testing for Screening of Blood Donations for Thalassemia Patients (ECONAT) in Western India. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:317-324. [PMID: 37006984 PMCID: PMC10064373 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01564-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transfusion Transmitted infections(TTI) are of significant concern for blood safety. The thalassemia patients who receive multiple transfusions are at an increased risk of TTIs and the Nucleic Acid Test (NAT ) has been advocated for safe blood. Though NAT can reduce the window period compared to serology, cost is a constraint. Methods The thalassemia patient and NAT yield data from the centralized NAT lab in AIIMS Jodhpur was evaluated for cost-effectiveness using the Markov model. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated by dividing the difference between the cost for NAT and the cost of medical management of TTI-related complications by the product of the difference in utility value of a TTI health state with time and Gross National Income(GNI) per capita. Results Out of the 48,762 samples tested by NAT, 43 samples were discriminated NAT yield all of which were reactive for Hepatitis B (NAT yield of 1:1134). There was no HCV and HIV NAT yield despite HCV being the most prevalent TTI in this population. The cost of this intervention was INR 5,85,14,400. The number of lifetime QALY saved was 1.38 years. The cost of medical management is INR 82,19,114. Therefore the ICER for intervention is INR 3,64,45,860 per QALY saved which is 274 times the GNI per capita of India. Conclusions The provision of IDNAT-tested blood for thalassemia patients in Rajasthan state was not found to be cost-effective. Measures to bring down the cost or alternative options to increase blood safety should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneeth Babu Anne
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
| | - Anubhav Gupta
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Mahendra Kumar Garg
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
| | - Archana Bajpayee
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
| | - Sunita Bundas
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, S.M.S. Medical college, 302004 Jaipur, India
| | - Manju Bohra
- Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Dr. S. N. Medical College, 342003 Jodhpur, India
| | - Vasanth Asirvatham
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 342005 Jodhpur, India
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Sharma SK, Mandal TK. Elemental Composition and Sources of Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) in Delhi, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 110:60. [PMID: 36892662 PMCID: PMC9995727 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have analysed the elemental composition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to examine the seasonal changes and sources of the elements in Delhi, India from January, 2017 to December, 2021. During the entire sampling period, 19 elements (Al, Fe, Ti, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Mo, Cl, P, S, K, Pb, Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Br) of PM2.5 were identified by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer. The higher annual mean concentrations of S (2.29 µg m-3), Cl (2.26 µg m-3), K (2.05 µg m-3), Ca (0.96 µg m-3) and Fe (0.93 µg m-3) were recorded during post-monsoon season followed by Zn > Pb > Al > Na > Cu > Ti > As > Cr > Mo > Br > Mg > Ni > Mn > and P. The annual mean concentrations of elemental composition of PM2.5 accounted for 10% of PM2.5 (pooled estimate of 5 year). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified the five main sources [crustal/soil/road dust, combustion (BB + FFC), vehicular emissions (VE), industrial emissions (IE) and mixed source (Ti, Cr and Mo rich-source)] of PM2.5 in Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - T K Mandal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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Langan SM, Mulick AR, Rutter CE, Silverwood R, Asher I, García‐Marcos L, Ellwood E, Bissell K, Chiang C, Sony AE, Ellwood P, Marks G, Mortimer K, Martínez‐Torres AE, Morales E, Perez‐Fernandez V, Robertson S, Williams H, Strachan DP, Pearce N, Bissell K, Chiang CY, Marks , Mortimer K, Masekela R, Perez‐Fernández V, Martinez‐Torres AE, Robertson S, Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Mallol J, Soto‐Martinez ME, Cabrera Aguilar A, Douros K, Mohammed S, Singh M, Singh V, Sukumaran TU, Awasthi S, Kabra SK, Salvi S, Mérida‐Palacio JV, González‐Díaz SN, Navarrete‐Rodriguez EM, Sánchez JF, Falade AG, Zar HJ, López‐Silvarrey Varela A, González Díaz C, Nour M, Dib G, Mohammad Y, Huang J, Chinratanapisit S, Soto‐Quirós ME, El‐Sony A, Vichyanond P, Aguilar P, Barba S, Kumar L, Sharma SK, Hanumante NM, García‐Almaráz R, Merida‐Palacio JV, Del‐Río‐Navarro BE, Linares‐Zapién FJ, Onadeko BO, Musa OAA, Aguirre V, Baeza‐Bacab M, Mohammad S, Cortéz E, Gratziou CH, Chopra K, Nelson H, Rubio AD, Hsieh K, Shah J. Trends in eczema prevalence in children and adolescents: A Global Asthma Network Phase I Study. Clin Exp Allergy 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy R. Mulick
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
| | | | - Richard J. Silverwood
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute University College London London UK
| | - Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Luis García‐Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute Murcia Spain
- ARADyAL Allergy Network Murcia Spain
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Chen‐Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Paris France
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi‐Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development Khartoum Sudan
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Guy B. Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine University of KwaZulu‐Natal Durban South Africa
| | - A. Elena Martínez‐Torres
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units and Nurse Research Group Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital Murcia Spain
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Virginia Perez‐Fernandez
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
- Department of Biostatistics University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Steven Robertson
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute University College London London UK
| | - Hywel C. Williams
- Centre for Evidence‐Based Dermatology University of Nottingham Nottingam UK
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute St George's, University of London London UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
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14
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Utpalla P, Mor J, Sharma SK. On enhancing the Li-ion conductivity of quasi-solid-state electrolytes by suppressing the flexibility of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 via a mixed ligand strategy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3959-3968. [PMID: 36648501 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05811a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) have emerged as potential conductive materials for Li ion-transport in polymer solid state electrolytes. However, developing ZIFs with high Li ionic conductivity is rather limited due to their flexible frameworks allowing dual ion conduction. Herein, we have used a mixed ligand strategy for fine-tuning the aperture and enhancing the rigidity of ZIF-8, which restricts the passage of large size anions. Poly(ethylene oxide)-based quasi-solid state electrolytes utilizing mixed ligand ZIF-7-8 frameworks as passive fillers show a continuous enhancement in Li ion-conductivity exclusively attributed to modifications in the flexibility and pore architecture of ZIF-8 as confirmed through broadband dielectric spectroscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy. This study shows that polymer segmental relaxation and conductivity relaxation processes are decoupled in these electrolytes. Consequently, our proposed approach provides a new strategy for manufacturing a polymer-based electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Utpalla
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - J Mor
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
| | - S K Sharma
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400 094, India
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15
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Verma R, Aravind JMVVS, Deb P, Rao JN, Dey P, Dubey AK, Shukla R, Majumder DB, Sharma SK, Mishra S, Meena M, Rongali L, Sethi B, Sagar K, Kumar GV, Babu NS, Sharma A. Modular electromagnetic railgun accelerator for high velocity impact studies. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:124703. [PMID: 36586908 DOI: 10.1063/5.0104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A modular electromagnetic railgun accelerator facility named "RAFTAR" (i.e., Railgun Accelerator Facility for Technology and Research) has been commissioned and its performance has been characterized for high velocity impact testing on materials in a single-shot mode. In the first tests, RAFTAR demonstrated an acceleration of more than 1000 m/s for an 8 g solid aluminum-7075 armature projectile. The current fed was 220 kA, having a muzzle time of about 1.75 ms. It is a single pulse breech-fed rectangular bore (14 × 13 mm2) railgun, and its 1.15 m long barrel assembly consists of two parallel copper bars with an inter-gap of 13 mm that are encased within 50 mm thick high strength reinforced fiberglass sheets (Garolite G10-FR4) and bolted from both the sides. RAFTAR is powered by two capacitor bank modules that have a maximum stored energy of 160 kJ each (containing eight 178 μF/15 kV capacitors), two high power ignitron switches, and a pulse shaping inductor. To obtain consistent acceleration of the armature inside the barrel, reversal of driving current is prevented, and its pulse duration is stretched by tactical integration of the crowbar switch and bitter coil inductor in the circuit. Armature projectile velocity measurement in-bore and outside in free space was performed by the time-of-flight technique using indigenously made miniature B-dot sensors and a novel shorting-foil arrangement, respectively. The time resolved measurement of the in-bore armature evidenced a velocity-skin-effect in the high acceleration phase. There is good agreement between the experimentally measured and theoretically predicted efficiency, confirming the optimal choice of operating parameters. The conclusion summarizes important experimental findings and analyzes the underlying causes that limit the performance of railguns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Verma
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - J M V V S Aravind
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Pankaj Deb
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - J N Rao
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - P Dey
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - A K Dubey
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - R Shukla
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - D B Majumder
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Shobhna Mishra
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Manraj Meena
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Lakshman Rongali
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sethi
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - K Sagar
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - G Vinod Kumar
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - N S Babu
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
| | - Archana Sharma
- Pulsed Power & Electromagnetics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facility, Atchutapuram, Vishakhapatnam 531011, AP, India
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16
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Kumar Mudgal S, Nath S, Chaturvedi J, Kumar Sharma S, Joshi J. NEUROPLASTICITY IN DEPRESSION: A NARRATIVE REVIEW WITH EVIDENCE-BASED INSIGHTS. Psychiat Danub 2022; 34:390-397. [DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2022.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Johansson I, Balasubramanian K, Bangdiwala S, Mielniczuk L, Hage C, Sharma SK, Branch K, Yonga G, Kragholm K, Sliwa K, Roy A, Stork S, McMurray JJV, Conen D, Yusuf S. Factors associated with health-related quality of life in heart failure in 23,000 patients from 40 countries: results of the global congestive heart failure research program. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Poor health-related quality of life (HRQL) is common in heart failure (HF) and strongly predicts death and HF hospitalization in all regions of the world. Understanding facors associated with HRQL could therefore lead to improved prognosis in HF patients. Despite that the majority of HF occurs in low- and middle-income countries, there are limited data characterizing self-perceived health HRQL and its correlates in these settings.
Purpose
To examine clinical and social correlates of HRQL in patients with HF from high- (HIC), upper middle- (UMIC), lower middle-(LMIC) and low-income (LIC) countries.
Methods
Between 2017 and 2020, we enrolled 23,292 patients with HF (32% inpatients, 61% men) from 40 countries in the Global Congestive Heart Failure Study. We recorded HRQL at baseline using Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)-12. In a cross-sectional analysis, we compared age- and sex-adjusted mean KCCQ-12 summary scores (SS: 0–100, higher=better) between patients from different country income levels. We used multivariable linear regression examining correlations (estimates expressed as β-coefficients) of KCCQ-12-SS with sociodemographic-, comorbidity-, treatment- and symptom-covariates. The adjusted model (37 covariates) was informed by univariable findings, clinical importance and backward selection. We used partial R2-estimates to understand the contribution to the variability in KCCQ-12-SS of 4 different groups of covariates. (sociodemographic, comorbidities, treatments and signs and symptoms of congestion).
Results
Mean age was 63 years and 40% were in NYHA class III–IV. Average HRQL was 55± SD 0.5. It was 62.5 (95% CI 62.0–63.1) in HIC, 56.8 (56.1–57.4) in UMIC, 48.6 (48.0–49.3) in LMIC, and 38.5 (37.3–39.7) in LICs (p<0.0001). Strong correlates (β-coefficient [95% CI]) of KCCQ-12-SS were NYHA class III vs class I/II (−12.1 [−12.8 to −11.4] and class IV vs. class I/II (−16.5 [−17.7 to −15.3]), effort dyspnea (−9.5 [−10.2 to −8.8]) and living in LIC vs. HIC (−5.8 [−7.1 to −4.4]). Symptoms explained most of the KCCQ-12-SS variability (partial R2=0.32 of total adjusted R2=0.51), followed by sociodemographic factors (R2=0.12). Results were consistent in populations across income levels.
Conclusion
The most important correlates of HRQL in HF patients relate to HF symptom severity, irrespective of country-income level. Improved symptom control may have a big impact on HRQL, especially in LICs.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Bayer AG
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Affiliation(s)
- I Johansson
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - K Balasubramanian
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - S Bangdiwala
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - L Mielniczuk
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology , Ottawa , Canada
| | - C Hage
- Karolinska Institute, Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine K2 , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - S K Sharma
- B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences , Dharan , Nepal
| | - K Branch
- University of Washington Medical Center, Division of Cardiology , Seattle , United States of America
| | - G Yonga
- University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya
| | - K Kragholm
- Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - K Sliwa
- University of Cape Town, Department of Medicine and Cardiology , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - A Roy
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Department of Cardiology , New Delhi , India
| | - S Stork
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC) , Wurzburg , Germany
| | - J J V McMurray
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - D Conen
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
| | - S Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
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Giustino G, Serrao GW, Melarcode-Krishnamoorty P, Vengrenyuk A, Kyaw H, Gidwani U, Sharma SK, Kini A. Development of an app-based bedside clinical decision-making tool for mechanical cardiocirculatory support in patients with cardiogenic shock: the MCS-Aid app. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients presenting with cardiogenic shock remain at high risk of morbidity and mortality. Several mechanical cardiocirculatory support (MCS) devices have been developed and their use is rapidly increase in clinical practice. However, there is significant heterogeneity in patient selection, timing of implantation, and post-implantation management across centers and operators.
Purpose
We sought to develop and smartphone app-based clinical decision-making tool to help bedside selection and post-implantation management of MCS devices in patients presenting with cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest.
Methods
The MCS-Aid app will consistent of 3 major sections: (i) initial device selection based on clinical presentation (patients with cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest post-ROSC); (ii) guide for escalation or addition of MCS based on the individual hemodynamic scenario; (iii) guide for weaning after implantation of MCS device. The app will have an interactive interface that will allow the user to select the most appropriate next step in management based on the clinical information being entered. A calculator to derive key hemodynamic parameters (e.g. cardiac power output or pulmonary artery pulsatility index) will be incorporated in the App to inform clinical decision-making when appropriate. An example of an algorithm that will be part of the MCS-Aid app is illustrated in the figure.
Conclusions
The MCS-Aid app is an user-friendly bedside clinical decision tool that could help fellows-in-training, early-career interventionalist and interventional cardiologist to select the appropriate MCS device according to the individual clinical and hemodynamic scenario.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Abiomed
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giustino
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - G W Serrao
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | | | - A Vengrenyuk
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - H Kyaw
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - U Gidwani
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - S K Sharma
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
| | - A Kini
- Mount Sinai Hospital , New York , United States of America
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Mendieta Badimon G, Mehta S, Baber U, Collier T, Dangas G, Sharma SK, Cohen DJ, Angiolillo D, Briguori C, Escaned J, Gabriel Steg P, Huber K, Michael Gibson C, Pocock S, Mehran R. Effect of aspirin discontinuation according to individualised patient bleeding and ischemic risks after PCI: a TWILIGHT trial sub-analysis. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The TWILIGHT trial demonstrated a reduction in BARC 2, 3 or 5 (BARC-235) bleeding without an increase in ischemic events at 1-year in high-risk PCI patients randomized to placebo or aspirin (ASA) on a background of ticagrelor 3-months after PCI. However, the effect of ASA discontinuation according to baseline risk of bleeding and ischemic events remain unclear.
Purpose
To a) develop separate models to predict the risk of bleeding and ischemic events, and b) to assess treatment effect of ASA discontinuation across the risk strata.
Methods
Using the TWILIGHT patient database (N=7,119), two multivariable models, one for BARC-235 bleeding and one for CV death, nonfatal MI or nonfatal ischemic stroke (ischemic endpoint) were developed, and their predictive capacity was assessed. The effect of randomized treatment on bleeding and ischemic events across different patient risk-group categories as determined by the risk scores was investigated.
Results
At 1-year, 350 (5.4%) patients experienced a BARC-235 bleeding event and 258 (3.6%) experienced an ischemic event. Independent predictors of BARC-235 included haemoglobin levels at index PCI, proton-pump inhibitor non-use at discharge, age, liver disease and active smoking (c-statistic 0.64). Independent predictors of the ischemic outcome included a positive troponin ACS, prior CABG, diabetes, age, peripheral artery disease, prior PCI, a history of congestive heart failure, active smoking, the level of index PCI complexity, and prior MI (c-statistic 0.71). The risk of a BARC-235 almost doubled between patients in lower versus higher bleeding risk categories (4.3% versus 7.9%) and ischemic risk more than tripled between patients in lower versus higher ischemic risk categories (2.0% versus 7.0%) (see Figure 1). There was no evidence of a differential treatment effect for dual antiplatelet therapy versus ticagrelor monotherapy across the different risk categories of bleeding (interaction P=0.54) and ischemic risk (interaction P=0.95) (Table 1).
Conclusion
Individual patient bleeding and ischemic risks after PCI can both be readily characterised with good discrimination. The effect of ASA discontinuation in preventing bleeding in ticagrelor-treated patients was consistent regardless of baseline bleeding risk. There was no evidence for increased ischemic events with ASA discontinuation according to baseline ischemic risk.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): AstraZenecaIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Mehta
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences , Hamilton , Canada
| | - U Baber
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Cardiology , Oklahoma City , United States of America
| | - T Collier
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Medical Statistics , London , United Kingdom
| | - G Dangas
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York City , United States of America
| | - S K Sharma
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York City , United States of America
| | - D J Cohen
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA & St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, NY 11576 , New York , United States of America
| | - D Angiolillo
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Cardiology , Jacksonville , United States of America
| | - C Briguori
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro , Naples , Italy
| | - J Escaned
- Hospital Clínico San Carlos IDISCC, Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - P Gabriel Steg
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials and INSERM , Paris , France
| | - K Huber
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Sigmund Freud University, Medical Faculty, 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine , Vienna , Austria
| | - C Michael Gibson
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Medicine , Boston , United States of America
| | - S Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Medical Statistics , London , United Kingdom
| | - R Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York City , United States of America
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Tiwari V, Ali FB, Patra A, Dhiman A, Sharma SK. The conundrum of olecranon aperture and its relation to the distal end of the humerus in a modern Indian population: An anatomical and surgical perspective. Morphologie 2022; 107:199-206. [PMID: 36127255 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to clarify the morphology of the olecranon aperture (OA) of the humerus with its relationship to the distal end of the humerus (epicondylar width) and the width of the medullary canal. METHODS In total, 156 dry adult humeri were examined for the presence of OA. When present, we reported their shape, measured transverse (TD) and vertical diameter (VD), the distance from its medial border to the tip of medial epicondyle (D1), lateral border to the tip of lateral epicondyle (D2) and lower border to the tip of trochlea (D3). The epicondylar width (EW) and the width of the medullary canal were also measured in all the humeri. RESULTS OA was reported in 32 humeri (20.6%) with left side predominance, translucent septum in 35.8%, and opaque septum in 43.6%. The most typical shape noted was oval. On right side, mean VD and TD was 4.30±0.54mm and 5.85±0.45mm, respectively, whereas on left, these value were 4.21±0.56mm and 5.64±0.43mm, respectively. The mean of D1, D2 and D3 was 25.86±0.43mm, 26.50±0.28mm and 15.07±0.53mm on right and 24.80±0.41mm, 26.84±0.21mm and 15.81±0.31mm on left with significant difference (P<0.05). The medullary canal was significantly smaller in humeri with OA. CONCLUSION Topographic location of OA may have possible role in determining safe zone for retrograde nailing in supracondylar humeral fractures. Since OA has a direct relation to the size of the intramedullary canal, it is crucial during preoperative planning and choosing an adequate surgical approach involving lower segment of humerus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Tiwari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - F B Ali
- Government Medical College Ratlam, Ratlam, India
| | - A Patra
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| | - A Dhiman
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India
| | - S K Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Bathinda, Punjab, India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, India
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Arya K, Kumar A, Sharma A, Singh S, Sharma SK, Mehta SK, Kataria R. A Hybrid Nanocomposite of Coordination Polymer and rGO for Photocatalytic Degradation of Safranin-O Dye Under Visible Light Irradiation. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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22
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Sharma SK, Mandal TK, Banoo R, Rai A, Rani M. Long-Term Variation in Carbonaceous Components of PM 2.5 from 2012 to 2021 in Delhi. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:502-510. [PMID: 35322279 PMCID: PMC8942158 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Carbonaceous species [organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), elemental matter (EM), primary organic carbon (POC), secondary organic carbon (SOC), total carbon (TC), and total carbonaceous matter (TCM)] of PM2.5 were analyzed to study the seasonal variability and long-term trend of carbonaceous aerosols (CAs) in megacity Delhi, India from January, 2012 to April, 2021. The average concentrations (± standard deviation) of PM2.5, OC, EC, TC, EM, TCM, POC and SOC were 127 ± 77, 15.7 ± 11.6, 7.4 ± 5.1, 23.1 ± 16.5, 8.2 ± 5.6, 33.3 ± 23.9, 9.3 ± 6.3 and 6.5 ± 5.3 µg m-3, respectively during the sampling period (10-year average). The average CAs accounted for 26% of PM2.5 concentration during the entire sampling period. In addition, the seasonal variations in PM2.5, OC, EC, POC, SOC, and TCM levels were recorded with maxima in post-monsoon and minima in monsoon seasons. The linear relationship of OC and EC, OC/EC and EC/TC ratios suggested that the vehicular emissions (VE), fossil fuel combustion (FFC) and biomass burning (BB) are the major sources of CAs at megacity Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - T K Mandal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - R Banoo
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - A Rai
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - M Rani
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
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23
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Farley KA, Stack KM, Shuster DL, Horgan BHN, Hurowitz JA, Tarnas JD, Simon JI, Sun VZ, Scheller EL, Moore KR, McLennan SM, Vasconcelos PM, Wiens RC, Treiman AH, Mayhew LE, Beyssac O, Kizovski TV, Tosca NJ, Williford KH, Crumpler LS, Beegle LW, Bell JF, Ehlmann BL, Liu Y, Maki JN, Schmidt ME, Allwood AC, Amundsen HEF, Bhartia R, Bosak T, Brown AJ, Clark BC, Cousin A, Forni O, Gabriel TSJ, Goreva Y, Gupta S, Hamran SE, Herd CDK, Hickman-Lewis K, Johnson JR, Kah LC, Kelemen PB, Kinch KB, Mandon L, Mangold N, Quantin-Nataf C, Rice MS, Russell PS, Sharma S, Siljeström S, Steele A, Sullivan R, Wadhwa M, Weiss BP, Williams AJ, Wogsland BV, Willis PA, Acosta-Maeda TA, Beck P, Benzerara K, Bernard S, Burton AS, Cardarelli EL, Chide B, Clavé E, Cloutis EA, Cohen BA, Czaja AD, Debaille V, Dehouck E, Fairén AG, Flannery DT, Fleron SZ, Fouchet T, Frydenvang J, Garczynski BJ, Gibbons EF, Hausrath EM, Hayes AG, Henneke J, Jørgensen JL, Kelly EM, Lasue J, Le Mouélic S, Madariaga JM, Maurice S, Merusi M, Meslin PY, Milkovich SM, Million CC, Moeller RC, Núñez JI, Ollila AM, Paar G, Paige DA, Pedersen DAK, Pilleri P, Pilorget C, Pinet PC, Rice JW, Royer C, Sautter V, Schulte M, Sephton MA, Sharma SK, Sholes SF, Spanovich N, St Clair M, Tate CD, Uckert K, VanBommel SJ, Yanchilina AG, Zorzano MP. Aqueously altered igneous rocks sampled on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars. Science 2022; 377:eabo2196. [PMID: 36007009 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater, Mars, to investigate ancient lake and river deposits. We report observations of the crater floor, below the crater's sedimentary delta, finding the floor consists of igneous rocks altered by water. The lowest exposed unit, informally named Séítah, is a coarsely crystalline olivine-rich rock, which accumulated at the base of a magma body. Fe-Mg carbonates along grain boundaries indicate reactions with CO2-rich water, under water-poor conditions. Overlying Séítah is a unit informally named Máaz, which we interpret as lava flows or the chemical complement to Séítah in a layered igneous body. Voids in these rocks contain sulfates and perchlorates, likely introduced by later near-surface brine evaporation. Core samples of these rocks were stored aboard Perseverance for potential return to Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Farley
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - K M Stack
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - D L Shuster
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - B H N Horgan
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J A Hurowitz
- Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - J D Tarnas
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - J I Simon
- Center for Isotope Cosmochemistry and Geochronology, Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Division, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - V Z Sun
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - E L Scheller
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - K R Moore
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - S M McLennan
- Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - P M Vasconcelos
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - R C Wiens
- Planetary Exploration Team, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - A H Treiman
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - L E Mayhew
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - O Beyssac
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - T V Kizovski
- Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - N J Tosca
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - K H Williford
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - L S Crumpler
- New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque, NM 8710, USA
| | - L W Beegle
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - J F Bell
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - B L Ehlmann
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - J N Maki
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M E Schmidt
- Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - A C Allwood
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - H E F Amundsen
- Center for Space Sensors and Systems, University of Oslo, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | - R Bhartia
- Photon Systems Inc., Covina, CA 91725, USA
| | - T Bosak
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Brown
- Plancius Research, Severna Park, MD 21146, USA
| | - B C Clark
- Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | - A Cousin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - O Forni
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - T S J Gabriel
- Astrogeology Science Center, US Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
| | - Y Goreva
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S-E Hamran
- Center for Space Sensors and Systems, University of Oslo, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
| | - C D K Herd
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - K Hickman-Lewis
- Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - J R Johnson
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - L C Kah
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - P B Kelemen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
| | - K B Kinch
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Mandon
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique, Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - N Mangold
- Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Nantes Université, Université Angers, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - C Quantin-Nataf
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint Etienne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M S Rice
- Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
| | - P S Russell
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - S Sharma
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - S Siljeström
- Department of Methodology, Textiles and Medical Technology, Research Institutes of Sweden, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Steele
- Earth and Planetary Laboratory, Carnegie Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - R Sullivan
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M Wadhwa
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - B P Weiss
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.,Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Williams
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - B V Wogsland
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - P A Willis
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - T A Acosta-Maeda
- Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - P Beck
- Institut de Planétologie et Astrophysique de Grenoble, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - K Benzerara
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Bernard
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A S Burton
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - E L Cardarelli
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - B Chide
- Planetary Exploration Team, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - E Clavé
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université de Bordeaux, 33400 Bordeaux, France
| | - E A Cloutis
- Centre for Terrestrial and Planetary Exploration, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - B A Cohen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - A D Czaja
- Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - V Debaille
- Laboratoire G-Time, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Dehouck
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon: Terre, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint Etienne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A G Fairén
- Centro de Astrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, 28850 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - D T Flannery
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - S Z Fleron
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Fouchet
- Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique, Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - J Frydenvang
- Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B J Garczynski
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - E F Gibbons
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E8, Canada
| | - E M Hausrath
- Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - A G Hayes
- Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - J Henneke
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - J L Jørgensen
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - E M Kelly
- Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - J Lasue
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - S Le Mouélic
- Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Nantes Université, Université Angers, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - J M Madariaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - S Maurice
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - M Merusi
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P-Y Meslin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - S M Milkovich
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | | | - R C Moeller
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - J I Núñez
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A M Ollila
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - G Paar
- Institute for Information and Communication Technologies, Joanneum Research, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - D A Paige
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - D A K Pedersen
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - P Pilleri
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - C Pilorget
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - P C Pinet
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etude Spatiale, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - J W Rice
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - C Royer
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - V Sautter
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M Schulte
- Mars Exploration Program, Planetary Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - M A Sephton
- Department of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - S K Sharma
- Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - S F Sholes
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - N Spanovich
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M St Clair
- Million Concepts, Louisville, KY 40204, USA
| | - C D Tate
- Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - K Uckert
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - S J VanBommel
- McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | | | - M-P Zorzano
- Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Yadav S, Kalal N, Sharma SK, Deora S. Effect of nurse-led lifestyle modification follow up program on health outcomes and quality of life among post myocardial infarction patients: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac060.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
India has among the world's highest burden of cardiovascular disease, potentially contributed by myocardial infarction. Despite growing trouble, there are no known post-discharge programs & randomized trials reporting health status outcomes & quality of life among post-myocardial infarction patients. Cardiac rehabilitation programs reduce mortality, therefore, it is crucial to understand the local burden of the disease, common challenges, public perceptions, develop timely & effective interventional programs.
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up program on health outcomes & quality of life among post-myocardial infarction patients.
Methods
A two-arm randomized controlled trial was adopted & 104 post-myocardial infarction patients were recruited from August to December 2021. An equal number of participants were randomly assigned to intervention & control group by random number table generator. The control group patients received routine care, while the intervention group was provided routine care along with a nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up program(health education, educational booklet, & telephone follow- up). A low-cost intervention based on information-motivation-behavioural skill model was developed. It was designed according to the needs of patients to know their risk factors, help patients establish a knowledge base, & adapt to the post-illness lifestyle changes. Data were assessed & compared by using the demographic datasheet, health outcomes datasheet, & MacNew heart disease quality of life questionnaire. All evaluations were conducted at baseline after 12 weeks post-discharge, by face-to-face interview & biophysiological measurements.
Results
The nurse-led lifestyle modification follow-up program was convenient for clinical application. The intervention group showed a appreciable improvement in low density lipoprotein(p=0.045), systolic blood pressure(p=0.009), diastolic blood pressure(p=0.044), body mass index(p=0.043), and NT ProBNP(p=0.007). The program effectively improved the lifestyle behaviours thereby considerably improving the quality of life in all the subscales-physical, emotional & social (p<0.001) after 12 weeks of discharge.
Conclusion
In the Indian context, it is a novel & extensive approach to improve access to health care and emphasizes post-discharge self-management. The greatest benefit of this program was allowing the intervention group participants to consult with us immediately. Since lifestyles vary among different individuals, we considered individuality when providing education & involving them in implementation of an intervention to enhance their confidence & ultimately achieve optimal health outcomes & quality of life. The findings of this study are important for health care professionals caring for post-myocardial infarction patients & direct incorporation of such programs into routine practice to reduce morbidity & mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yadav
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing , Jodhpur , India
| | - N Kalal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing , Jodhpur , India
| | - S K Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Nursing , Jodhpur , India
| | - S Deora
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology , Jodhpur , India
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25
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Mohan K, Sharma SK. Comparison of Long-term Stereoacuity Improvement Between Patients With Initial Subnormal Stereopsis and Nil Stereopsis in Refractive Accommodative Esotropia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2022; 59:248-253. [PMID: 35076311 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20211115-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare improvement in long-term stereoacuity between patients with refractive accommodative esotropia (RAET) with initial subnormal stereopsis (between 120 and 1,980 arcsec of stereoacuity) and nil stereopsis. METHODS The medical records of patients 4 years and older who had RAET with initial subnormal stereopsis and nil stereopsis and a minimum follow-up period of 5 years were retrospectively reviewed. Improvement in stereoacuity at the last follow-up visit and the factors that could influence it were compared between the initial subnormal stereopsis and the nil stereopsis groups. RESULTS A total of 79 patients (mean age: 6.3 ± 1.9 years) were included: 31 patients with initial subnormal stereopsis and 48 patients with nil stereopsis. The mean follow-up time was 11.7 ± 1.8 years (range: 5 to 21 years). At the last follow-up visit, a statistically significantly greater number of patients with initial subnormal stereopsis demonstrated improvement in stereoacuity and also achieved 60 arcsec of stereoacuity compared with those with nil stereopsis. Age at onset, duration of esodeviation, mean hyperopia, amblyopia, anisometropia, and follow-up duration were not significantly different between the initial subnormal stereopsis and the nil stereopsis groups. The initial mean near and distance deviations with hyperopic correction were significantly smaller in patients with initial subnormal stereopsis. A significantly greater number of patients with initial sub-normal stereopsis had fusion at distance. CONCLUSIONS Patients with RAET with initial subnormal stereopsis have greater chances of stereoacuity improvement and recovery of 60 arcsec of stereoacuity than those with nil stereopsis. Patients who initially have nil stereopsis may develop normal stereoacuity. Smaller initial deviations with hyperopic correction and fusion at distance indicate a favorable prognosis for stereoacuity improvement. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(4):248-253.].
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Kasaudhan SM, Ghimire A, Sharma SK, Baral D, Jha N, Singh SB. Undiagnosed and Uncontrolled Hypertension and Access to Health Care among Residents of an Urban Area of Eastern Nepal: a Cross-sectional Study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:273-279. [PMID: 37042365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The burden and complication of hypertension is increasing as most of the people living with hypertension are unaware of their condition and those who are already diagnosed with it do not have their blood pressure under control. Objective To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension among residents of Itahari sub metropolitan city of eastern Nepal, along with its associated socio demographic and behavioral risk factors and access to health care services. Method Cross sectional study was conducted in five wards of Itahari, among 1161 participants, using population proportionate to sample size sampling technique. Face to face interview was conducted with participants for data collection applying semi- structured questionnaire and physical measurement like blood pressure, weight and height. Result Prevalence of hypertension was 26.5% includingundiagnosed 11.0% and previously diagnosed 15.5%. Among diagnosed, 76.6% had uncontrolled blood pressure and 56.70% were taking anti-hypertensive medicine, and 7.8% were under Ayurvedic medicine. More than 70% participants preferred private health facility for treatment and 22.7% had faced financial barrier to seek healthcare. About 64% of participants did not visit health services or had visited only once in past six months. Increasing age, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking status and positive family history were found to be significantly associated with hypertension at < 0.05 level. Conclusion Prevalence of hypertension is high and awareness regarding available health services in local primary health center and its utilization is lacking among participants. Regular screening program for hypertension and awareness program to disseminate the knowledge of availability of primary health center should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kasaudhan
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - A Ghimire
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - D Baral
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - N Jha
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S B Singh
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BP. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Koirala B, Adhikari SR, Shrestha A, Vaidya A, Aryal KK, Kalaunee SP, Shrestha A, Mishra SR, Sharma SK, Karki A, Maharjan B, Singh S, Schwarz D, Gupta N, Bukhman G, Karmacharya BM. A National Equity Initiative to Address Noncommunicable Diseases and Injuries: Findings and Recommendation from the Nepal NCDI Poverty Commission. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:376-383. [PMID: 37042383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the burden of NCDIs across socioeconomic groups, their economic impact, existing health service readiness and availability, current policy frameworks and national investment, and planned programmatic initiatives in Nepal through a comprehensive literature review. Secondary data from Global Burden of Disease estimates from GBD 2015 and National Living Standard Survey 2011 were used to estimate the burden of NCDI and present the relationship of NCDI burden with socioeconomic status. The Commission used these data to define priority NCDI conditions and recommend potential cost-effective, poverty-averting, and equity-promoting health system interventions. NCDIs disproportionately affect the health and well-being of poorer populations in Nepal and cause significant impoverishment. The Commission found a high diversity of NCDIs in Nepal, with approximately 60% of the morbidity and mortality caused by NCDIs without primary quantified behavioral or metabolic risk factors, and nearly half of all NCDI-related DALYs occurring in Nepalese younger than 40 years. The Commission prioritized an expanded set of twenty-five NCDI conditions and recommended introduction or scale-up of twenty-three evidence-based health sector interventions. Implementation of these interventions would avert an estimated 9680 premature deaths per annum by 2030 and would cost approximately $8.76 per capita. The Commission modelled potential financing mechanisms, including increased excise taxation on tobacco, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened beverages, which would provide significant revenue for NCDI-related expenditures. Overall, the Commission's conclusions are expected to be a valuable contribution to equitable NCDI planning in Nepal and similar resource-constrained settings globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koirala
- Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery,Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. and Kathmandu Institute of Child Health, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu
| | - S R Adhikari
- Tribhuvan University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Central Department of Economics, Kritipur, Kathmandu
| | - A Shrestha
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre
| | - A Vaidya
- Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Department of Community Medicine, Sinamangal, Kathmandu
| | - K K Aryal
- Bergen Center for Ethics and Priority Setting in Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen
| | | | - A Shrestha
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre
| | - S R Mishra
- Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - S K Sharma
- B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan
| | - A Karki
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University
| | - B Maharjan
- Kathmandu Institute of Child Health, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu
| | - S Singh
- Kathmandu Institute of Child Health, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu
| | - D Schwarz
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Global Health Equity; Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine
| | - N Gupta
- Center for Integration Science, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Program in Global NCDs and Social Change, Harvard Medical School; NCD Synergies Project, Partners In Health; NCDI Poverty Network, Boston, USA
| | - G Bukhman
- Center for Integration Science, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Program in Global NCDs and Social Change, Harvard Medical School; NCD Synergies Project, Partners In Health; NCDI Poverty Network, Boston, USA
| | - B M Karmacharya
- Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre
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Kalra S, Dhar M, Afsana F, Aggarwal P, Aye TT, Bantwal G, Barua M, Bhattacharya S, Das AK, Das S, Dasgupta A, Dhakal G, Dhingra A, Esfahanian F, Gadve S, Jacob J, Kapoor N, Latheef A, Mahadeb Y, Maskey R, Naseri W, Ratnasingam J, Raza A, Saboo B, Sahay R, Shah M, Shaikh S, Sharma SK, Shrestha D, Somasundaram N, Tiwaskar M, Jawdekar A. Asian Best Practices for Care of Diabetes in Elderly (ABCDE). Rev Diabet Stud 2022; 18:100-134. [PMID: 35831938 PMCID: PMC10044048 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2022.18.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The elderly population with diabetes is diverse with the majority experiencing a decline in physical and mental capabilities, impacting the entire diabetes management process. Therefore, a need for geriatric-specific guidelines, especially for the Asian population, was identified and
subsequently developed by an expert panel across government and private institutions from several Asian countries. The panel considered clinical evidence (landmark trials, position papers, expert opinions), recommendations from several important societies along with their decades of clinical
experience and expertise, while meticulously devising thorough geriatric-specific tailored management strategies. The creation of the ABCDE best practices document underscores and explores the gaps and challenges and determines optimal methods for diabetes management of the elderly population
in the Asian region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sambit Das
- Dr.Sambit's Centre of Diabetes and Endocrinology, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Latheef
- National Diabetes Centre, Indira Gandhi Memorial, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Abbas Raza
- Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Pakistan
| | - Banshi Saboo
- Diabetes Care and Hormone Clinic, Ahmedabad, India
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Sen RK, Mukhopadhyay R, Pattanshetti V, Saini G, Tripathy SK, Sethy SS, Sharma SK. A New Classification System for Acetabular Bone Defect Evaluation in Posttraumatic Acetabular Nonunion and Malunion. Indian J Orthop 2022; 56:1601-1612. [PMID: 36052394 PMCID: PMC9385917 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-022-00677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is no distinct classification system to evaluate the bone defect in previously managed acetabular fractures. We propose a new classification system for bone defect evaluation in a previously managed acetabular fracture that will be helpful for total hip arthroplasty (THA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The preoperative pelvis radiographs of 99 THA patients with previous acetabular fractures with at least 2 years of follow-up were evaluated by 10 experienced surgeons (Paprosky and new classification systems). As per the new classification system, the five types of bone defects are circumferential, posterior wall, posterior column, both column defect, and anterior column. The interobserver and intraobserver reliability was calculated, and a consensus management plan based on the recommendation of the observers was formulated. RESULTS There was fair interobserver reliability for Paprosky classification (alpha coefficient 0.39) and substantial interobserver reliability for the new classification (alpha co-efficient 0.71). There was a substantial intraobserver agreement for the new classification (kappa value 0.80) and moderate intraobserver agreement for Paprosky classification (kappa value 0.55). Sixty-nine patients who were treated as per the management plan of the observers reported significant improvement in modified Harris hip score (improved from 25 to 85.88, p < 0.001). 89.7% of patients reported good to excellent outcomes. Overall best health as per EQ-5D VAS was obtained in THA following anterior column fracture (EQ-5D VAS 97.5), and relatively poor health was obtained after THA of posterior column nonunion (EQ-FD VAS 80). CONCLUSIONS The new classification system for bone defect evaluation in previously treated acetabular fractures is valid and reliable. The proposed surgical plan for the management of bone defects in THA provided good to excellent outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Sen
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Reet Mukhopadhyay
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | | | - Gaurav Saini
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Sujit Kumar Tripathy
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019 India
| | - Siddharth Sekhar Sethy
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019 India
| | - Suresh Kumar Sharma
- Department of Statistics and Ex-Coordinator, Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
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Sharma K, Basu-Ray I, Sayal N, Vora A, Bammidi S, Tyagi R, Modgil S, Bali P, Kaur P, Goyal AK, Pal DK, Arvind H, Jindal K, Garg V, Matyal B, Thakur N, Chhikara A, Kaur N, Maanju P, Bhatia KS, Pannu V, Gupta V, Malik N, Malik R, Kumar R, Kaur R, Bhatt V, Bhalla A, Mohanty M, Singh G, Sharma SK, Sivapuram MS, Mathur D, Khanra D, Anand A. Yoga as a Preventive Intervention for Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Comorbidities: Open-Label Single Arm Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843134. [PMID: 35769774 PMCID: PMC9234218 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Common Yoga Protocol (CYP) is a standardized yoga protocol authored by experts from all over the world under the aegis of the Ministry of AYUSH, Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa Rigpa and Homeopathy (AYUSH). The potential of CYP can be determined as a cost-effective lifestyle modification to prevent the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods In this prospective trial, we compared the effect of CYP at baseline and after 1 month. A total of 374 yoga-naïve participants performed CYP under the supervision of experienced trainers. Physiological [body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, percent oxygen saturation], biochemical (fasting blood glucose and lipid profile), and neurocognitive parameters were measured before and after the intervention. Results At day 30 of yoga practice, serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were found significantly improved as compared to the baseline levels observed at the time of enrollment. Similarly, the lipid profile was also obtained from experienced trainers and found to be significantly different from those of yoga-naïve volunteers. When the intervention was compared between the healthy yoga-naïve participants with yoga-naïve participants suffering from medical issues, it was found that cholesterol profile improved significantly in the healthy-naive group as compared to the diseased group (hypertension, diabetes, underwent surgery, and CVD). Conclusion These results highlight the need for further research to better understand the effects of yoga on the primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Sharma
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indranill Basu-Ray
- Department of Cardiology, St. Francis Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Virbhadra Marg, Rishikesh, India
- Department of Cardiology, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Union Territory (SVYASA), Bengaluru, India
| | - Natasha Sayal
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ariana Vora
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sridhar Bammidi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rahul Tyagi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shweta Modgil
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parul Bali
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Paramvir Kaur
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Atul Kumar Goyal
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Otolaryngology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Pal
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harshita Arvind
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Khushboo Jindal
- Department of Bioinformatics, Jaypee University, Shimla, India
| | - Vincy Garg
- Department of Cardiology, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Union Territory (SVYASA), Bengaluru, India
| | - Bandu Matyal
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Thakur
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Chhikara
- Department of Physical Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Physical Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Preety Maanju
- Department of Physical Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | | | - Neeru Malik
- Department of Physical Education, Dev Samaj College of Education, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rakesh Malik
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vinod Bhatt
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Bhalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manju Mohanty
- Department of Neurosurgery, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurmeet Singh
- Department of Physical Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Sharma
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhava Sai Sivapuram
- Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Vijayawada, India
| | - Deepali Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Dibbendu Khanra
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Virbhadra Marg, Rishikesh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- *Correspondence: Akshay Anand
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Mohan K, Sharma SK. Short-Term and Long-Term Status of Monocular Eye Closure in Sunlight After Surgical Treatment of Intermittent Exotropia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2022; 60:114-119. [PMID: 35611819 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20220425-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate short-term and long-term status of monocular eye closure in sunlight after surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia. METHODS The medical records of consecutive patients 4 years and older who underwent surgery for intermittent exotropia with monocular eye closure in sunlight were reviewed retrospectively. Monocular eye closure status on short-term and long-term postoperative follow-up was analyzed to determine whether the status on short-term follow-up remained or changed on long-term follow-up. RESULTS A total of 37 patients were included (mean age: 10.64 ± 6.05 years). Thirteen patients (35%) were postoperatively observed for 6 months or less (short-term) and 24 (65%) for a mean 7.12 ± 2.89 years (long-term). Monocular eye closure disappeared in 16 patients (43%) and persisted in 21 (57%) on short-term follow-up. There was no significant difference in eye closure status between short-term and long-term follow-up in 24 patients. Eight of 9 patients (89%) with disappearance of eye closure on short-term follow-up maintained this status on long-term follow-up and 1 patient (11%) had reappearance of eye closure. Eleven of 15 patients (73%) with persistence of eye closure on short-term follow-up maintained this status on long-term follow-up and 4 (27%) had disappearance of eye closure. Three patients had a fluctuation in eye closure status during long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Monocular eye closure disappeared in nearly 40% of patients on short-term follow-up and in 50% on long-term follow-up after surgery for intermittent exotropia. Monocular eye closure status on short-term follow-up remained on long-term follow-up in most patients and changed in a few patients. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XX-XX.].
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Sharma SK, Adhikari S, Shah N, Aebischer Perone S, Lab B, Heller O, Chappuis F. Familial hypercholesterolemia in community-based KHDC Nepal program-baseline data. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): HUG and Republic and Canton of Geneva – Service de solidarité internationaleBP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is either underdiagnosed or diagnosed after primary coronary events. Although homozygous variant of FH is considered rare, heterozygous FH is estimated to occur in about 1 in 200 to 300 individuals. There is no study pertaining to prevalence of FH in Nepal which could be a factor influencing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
We present a baseline data of FH in an ongoing in participants of community-based cardiovascular and kidney diseases preventive (KHDC Nepal) program in Mechinagar municipality in Eastern Nepal.
KHDC is a program to collaborate among health post, primary health center or equivalent, and local government along with community representatives created to educate, screen, and intervene for selective NCDs. This program is in alignment with the World Health Organization’s Package of Essential Noncommunicable (WHO PEN) disease interventions for primary health care in low-resource settings. General health status and lifestyle habits, physical examination, and blood pressure were assessed. Blood tests done included fasting lipid profile, serum creatinine, FBS, and HbA1c. A mechanism was developed to follow-up screened positive persons in the primary health centers. Referrals were made to the tertiary care center as needed.
We analyzed initial 7289 participants, 20 years or above, who were enrolled in KHDC program in the year 2020. We assessed for FH using Dutch Lipid Clinic Network(DLCN), Simon Broome and AHA criteria. Participants were categorized as definite, probable, possible, or no FH based on the scores of DLCN criteria; as definite and probable based on Simon Broome criteria and as clinically diagnosed FH based on AHA criteria.
The median age of the patient was 54 years, the majority being females (62.7%). A total of 70(0.96%) of the participants had elevated LDL-C levels of more than 190mg/dl detected during the screening and had no secondary cause for hyperlipidemia. According to DLCN criteria, 65(0.89%) participants were grouped under possible FH, 5(0.06%) were grouped under probable FH while none of them could be delineated as definite FH. According to Simon Broome criteria, 14(0.2%) participants were grouped under probable and none of them could be delineated as definite. According to AHA criteria, 10 (0.13%) participants were categorized as clinically diagnosed FH. DNA analysis was not available in our setup. Clinically manifested atherosclerotic disease was recorded in 5 participants. None of the participants were aware of the FH.
This community-based program of the adult population help create baseline data of FH in Nepal. Larger study with genetic analysis is likely to reveal true prevalence of FH in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Sharma
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Adhikari
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - N Shah
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | | | - B Lab
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O Heller
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Chappuis
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Sen RK, Shetti V, Mukhopadhyay R, Tripathy SK, Saini G, Dip SK, Raman N, Rana M, Vashishta K, Sharma SK. Satisfaction and Health-Related Quality of Life Following Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Surgeries in Indian Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Orthop 2022; 56:918-926. [PMID: 35547347 PMCID: PMC9043070 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-021-00589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been considered as the most important assessment tool for surgical outcome evaluation in arthroplasty. However, no study from the Indian subcontinent has evaluated the PROM in the total hip (THA) and knee (TKA) arthroplasties. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 1244 North Indian patients following primary THA and TKA who had at least one-year follow-up. This study included 617 patients with 664 THA and 627 patients with 1152 TKA. The patients were asked to answer the EQ-5D-5L questionnaires and EQ-VAS in their own languages. The EQ-5D-5L values were used to derive level frequency scores (LFS) with validated Indian norms of EuroQoL. RESULTS Ninety percent of THA and 82% of TKA patients rated excellent HRQoL using EQ-VAS. The regression analysis revealed age, gender, etiology and brand of prosthesis had a significant impact on EQ-5D-5L following THA. However, gender and simultaneous bilateral surgery were found to be important predictors of outcome in TKA. The mean value of LFS for THA was 0.95 ± 0.12 and TKA was 0.88 + 0.24 (p < 0.001). However, There was no difference in LFS between THA and TKA when only elderly patients (> 60 years) were considered (p = 0.168). CONCLUSION THA patients reported better HRQoL than TKA in the Indian subcontinent. One of the factors for a better outcome in hip arthroplasty was the relatively younger age of the patients. Patients above 60 years of age reported similar levels of statisfactior in both THA and TKA. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-021-00589-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Sen
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Veeresh Shetti
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Reet Mukhopadhyay
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | | | - Gaurav Saini
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Sagar Kadam Dip
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Neha Raman
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Monica Rana
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Kamini Vashishta
- grid.429234.a0000 0004 1792 2175Institute of Orthopaedics, Max Hospital Mohali, Punjab, 160055 India
| | - Suresh Kumar Sharma
- grid.261674.00000 0001 2174 5640Department of Statistics and Ex-Coordinator, Centre for Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
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Verma V, Sharma SK. Critical Analysis of Existing Punjabi Grammar Checker and a Proposed Hybrid Framework Involving Machine Learning and Rule-Base Criteria. ACM T ASIAN LOW-RESO 2022. [DOI: 10.1145/3514237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An important area of research involving Artificial Intelligence (AI) is Natural Language Processing (NLP). The objective of training a machine is to imitate and manipulate text and speech of humans. Progressive research is undertaken to find connection between humans and their usage of language commonly used being referred as Natural Language. Various tools for different languages have been developed for operating the natural languages widely used by public. NLP integrates various disciplines and works cohesively for processing text, Information Retrieval, AI etc. One such tool used for checking the accuracy of a given sentence in any language is referred to as a Grammar Checker. So a Grammar checker of a particular language explores grammatical errors (if any) and provide remedial suggestions for correction of the same. Such feature is imbibed by virtue of Natural Language Processing using Computational Linguistics. We have justified the need of an emerging Machine Learning technique by critically evaluating existing Punjabi Grammar checker that was developed earlier in light of certain real time cases. This process is accomplished by critically evaluating the output of each phase and identifying the component accountable for generating maximum errors and false alarms. Based on this analysis, we have proposed a hybrid framework as an efficient way of analyzing correction in sentences. This is attainable through the said booming technique of Machine Learning explicitly using Deep Neural Networks in combination with existing rule-based approach. It's a novel approach as no work using machine learning has been done earlier in Punjabi Grammar Checker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Verma
- Department of Computer Science and Applications, DAV University, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Computer Science and Applications, DAV University, India
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Raina P, Singh SK, Goswami AK, Kashyap MK, Khullar M, Sharma SK, Barwal KC. MN/CA9 gene expression as a potential tumor marker for renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:333-343. [PMID: 34716861 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MN/CA9 is a cell surface glycoprotein and a tumor-associated antigen. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and oncogenesis. There is no ideal tumor marker currently available for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, we studied MN/CA9 gene expression in the tumor tissue, apparently normal kidney tissue, preoperative blood, and urine samples of patients with RCC. We included thirty cases of renal tumors (26 RCC and 4 benign tumors) in the study. We applied an RT-PCR assay for MN/CA9 gene expression to 26 RCC kidney tumor samples and four benign kidney tumor tissue samples. We also evaluated MN/CA9 gene expression in preoperative blood and urine samples of 15 of these cases. Additionally, thirty-five grossly normal renal tissue samples, including 21 from kidneys with RCC, were also evaluated for gene expression. The RT-PCR analysis revealed that twenty-one out of 26 RCC tissue samples showed MN/CA9 gene expression compared to three out of 35 non-malignant renal tissue samples (p < 0.05). Two out of four benign renal tissue samples also expressed this gene. We also observed MN/CA9 gene expression in nine out of 15 blood samples and four out of 15 urine samples. All patients with urinary MN/CA9 gene expression showed expression in blood and tumor tissue samples. We found a correlation in terms of MN/CA9 expression between blood and tumor tissue samples of RCC patients as those who exhibit MN/CA9 expression in blood were also positive at the tumor tissue levels. The difference in MN/CA9 gene expression in tumor tissue, blood, and urine samples in relation to the stage of the disease, nuclear grade, and histological cell-type was not statistically significant. However, all the three patients who had metastatic RCC had MN/CA9 gene expression in their blood. The existence of a tumor-associated antigen such as MN/CA9 may present a possible target for molecular diagnosis and management of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamposh Raina
- Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Anil K Goswami
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Panchgaon (Manesar), Gurugram, HR, 122413, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kailash Chander Barwal
- Department of Urology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India.
- Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Sharma K, Battu P, Singh R, Sharma SK, Anand A. Modulated anti-VEGF therapy under the influence of lipid metabolizing proteins in Age related macular degeneration: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:714. [PMID: 35027571 PMCID: PMC8758686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating retinal disease that results in irreversible vision loss in the aged population. The complex genetic nature and degree of genetic penetrance require a redefinition of the current therapeutic strategy for AMD. We aimed to investigate the role of modifiers for current anti-VEGF therapy especially for non-responder AMD patients. We recruited 78 wet AMD cases (out of 278 AMD patients) with their socio-demographic and treatment regimen. Serum protein levels were estimated by ELISA in AMD patients. Data pertaining to the number of anti-VEGF injections given (in 1 year) along with clinical images (FFA and OCT) of AMD patients were also included. Visual acuity data (logMAR) for 46 wet AMD cases out of a total of 78 patients were also retrieved to examine the response of anti-VEGF injections in wet AMD cases. Lipid metabolizing genes (LIPC and APOE) have been identified as chief biomarkers for anti-VEGF response in AMD patients. Both genotypes 'CC' and 'GC' of LIPC have found to be associated with a number of anti-VEGF injections in AMD patients which could influence the expression of B3GALTL,HTRA1, IER3, LIPC and SLC16A8 proteins in patients bearing both genotypes as compared to reference genotype. Elevated levels of APOE were also observed in group 2 wet AMD patients as compared to group 1 suggesting the significance of APOE levels in anti-VEGF response. The genotype of B3GALTL has also been shown to have a significant association with the number of anti-VEGF injections. Moreover, visual acuity of group 1 (≤ 4 anti-VEGF injections/year) AMD patients was found significantly improved after 3 doses of anti-VEGF injections and maintained longitudinally as compared to groups 2 and 3. Lipid metabolising genes may impact the outcome of anti-VEGF AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Sharma
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.,Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Priya Battu
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh
- Advanced Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | | | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Mohan K, Sharma SK. Comparison Between the Deviations After 1 and 24 Hours of Diagnostic Occlusion for Basic and Divergence Excess Types of Intermittent Exotropia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2022; 59:41-45. [PMID: 34435900 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20210610-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the clinically significant (5 prism diopters [PD] or greater) changes in deviations after 1 and 24 hours of diagnostic monocular occlusion specifically for basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia. METHODS In this prospective study, diagnostic monocular occlusion was performed at 1 and 24 hours before surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia. A change of 5 PD or greater in near and distance deviation after occlusion was considered clinically significant and used as the cut-off point for analysis. The mean clinically significant changes between the deviations after 1 and 24 hours of occlusion in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia were compared. RESULTS A total of 21 patients with basic type and 20 patients with divergence excess type intermittent exotropia were included. No statistically significant differences were found for the mean near and distance deviations, the number of patients who had a clinically significant (5 PD or greater) increase, or the magnitude of increase in near and distance deviations after 1 hour versus 24 hours of diagnostic occlusion in patients with both types of intermittent exotropia. CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic monocular occlusion for 1 hour is sufficient in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(1):41-45.].
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Malhotra S, Negi G, Sharma SK, Kaur R. A prospective interventional study to assess the impact of a 'structured compact training' on knowledge and skills of safe blood transfusion practices among nurses working in a tertiary care institute. Transfus Med 2021; 32:32-37. [PMID: 34866260 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is scarce information on the baseline knowledge and practices of nursing officers in relation to administration of blood components. We set out to evaluate the influence of training on their knowledge and skills through Kirkpatrick's levels of Training Evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This interventional cross sectional study of 7 months duration conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute involved 200 nursing officers. Hundred were assigned to study/intervention group and 100 were assigned to control/ comparison group by systematic random sampling. Knowledge was tested in different domains-blood components, pre-transfusion checks, transfusion process, post-transfusion process and blood administration practice. RESULTS The baseline knowledge scores of intervention and control group were similar-15.16 ± 4.11 and 15.02 ± 4.75 (p = 0.831). Post-intervention (phase I) after 1 month, the scores improved significantly for domain A, B, C, D and E to 4.3 ± 2.21 (p = 0.0001), 3.46 ± 2.15 (p = 0.0001), 7.02 ± 3.55 (p = 0.0001), 2.51 ± 1.46 (p = 0.0012), and 5.86 ± 3.61 (p = 0.0018) respectively. In phase II, after 3 months of training, and the scores were significantly better from baseline for all domains except E. For domain A, B, C, D and E, scores were 3.82 ± 2.46 (p = 0.0001), 3.53 ± 1.98 (p = 0.0001), 7.38 ± 3.87 (p = 0.0001), 2.48 ± 1.55 (p = 0.0035), and 5.86 ± 3.61 (p = 0.95) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that baseline scores were low in the nursing officers. No significant difference was found in baseline scores in subject and control population. However, post-intervention, a significant improvement in scores was observed in the study group across all domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Malhotra
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gita Negi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, AIIMS Rishikesh, Rishikesh, India
| | | | - Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Nursing, AIIMS Rishikesh, Rishikesh, India
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Baral R, Shrestha LB, Ortuño-Gutiérrez N, Pyakure P, Rai B, Rimal SP, Singh S, Sharma SK, Khanal B, Selvaraj K, Kumar AMV. Low yield but high levels of multidrug resistance in urinary tract infections in a tertiary hospital, Nepal. Public Health Action 2021; 11:70-76. [PMID: 34778019 DOI: 10.5588/pha.21.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING There are concerns about the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in patients with urine tract infections (UTI) in Nepal. OBJECTIVE To determine culture positivity, trends in MDR among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections and seasonal changes in culture-positive UTI specimens isolated from 2014 to 2018 at the B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Eastern Nepal. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study using secondary laboratory data. RESULTS Among 116,417 urine samples tested, 19,671 (16.9%) were culture-positive, with an increasing trend in the number of samples tested and culture positivity. E. coli was the most common bacteria (54.3%), followed by K. pneumoniae (8.8%). Among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, MDR was found in respectively 42.5% and 36.0%. MDR was higher in males and people aged >55 years, but showed a decreasing trend over the years. The numbers of isolates increased over the years, with a peak always observed from July to August. CONCLUSION Low culture positivity is worrying and requires further work into improving diagnostic protocols. Decreasing trends in MDR are a welcome sign. Information on seasonal changes that peak in July-August can help laboratories better prepare for this time with adequate buffer stocks to ensure culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Baral
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - L B Shrestha
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | | | - P Pyakure
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal
| | - B Rai
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - S P Rimal
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Singh
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - S K Sharma
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - B Khanal
- BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal
| | - K Selvaraj
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
| | - A M V Kumar
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), Paris, France.,The Union South-East Asia Office, New Delhi, India.,Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (deemed University), Mangaluru, India
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Tavenier AH, Chiarito M, Cao D, Pivato CA, Nicolas J, Nardin M, Sartori S, Baber U, Angiolillo DJ, Capodanno D, Kini AS, Sharma SK, Dangas G, Mehran R. Guided and unguided de-escalation from potent P2Y12 inhibitors among patients with ACS: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with a potent P2Y12 inhibitor is recommended in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and should be tailored according to ischemic and bleeding risks, which are highest in the acute phase, and gradually attenuate overtime. De-escalation strategies of DAPT aim to optimize this balance of risks.
Purpose
We compared guided or unguided DAPT de-escalation strategies from potent P2Y12 inhibitors to either clopidogrel or lower doses of potent P2Y12 inhibitors versus standard DAPT with potent P2Y12 inhibitors among patients with ACS.
Methods
PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception till March 10th 2021. 1633 records were screened on DAPT de-escalation strategies after ACS for inclusion. Aspirin monotherapy and non-randomized trials were excluded.
The primary endpoint was BARC ≥2 bleeding. Other endpoints included MACE (defined according to the definitions reported in the original study protocols), all-cause death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were used as metric of choice for treatment effects with random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 index. We assessed the interaction between de-escalation strategy (guided vs. unguided) and treatment with a random-effects meta-regression analysis with the empirical Bayes method. This study has been submitted to PROSPERO for registration.
Preliminary findings
Four randomised trials and a total of 8,082 patients randomly allocated to a de-escalation strategy (genetic guided to clopidogrel, n=1,242; platelet function guided to clopidogrel, n=1,304; unguided to clopidogrel (n=323); unguided to lower dose, n=1,170) or standard DAPT (n=4,043) were included in our analysis. De-escalation strategy had a reduction in BARC ≥2 bleeding (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.37–0.89; I2=81%). MACE (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62–1.02; I2=0%), all-cause death (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.58–1.36), cardiovascular death (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.36–1.10; I2=0%), myocardial infarction (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.56–1.17; I2=0%), stent thrombosis (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.19–1.74; I2=0%) and stroke (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.39–1.35; I2=0%) did not differ between patients with a de-escalation strategy and those without. Meta-regression analysis did not show any significant interaction between de-escalation method (guided vs. unguided) and treatment effects, except for BARC ≥2 bleeding (P interaction = 0.070), suggesting a greater reduction with unguided de-escalation.
Conclusion
A de-escalation strategy of DAPT after ACS was associated with a lower number of clinically relevant bleeding events, mostly in patients who underwent unguided de-escalation, while no association with increased ischemic events was found. However, the observed broad confidence intervals limit the certainty of our findings.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. BARC ≥2 bleedingMACE
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Tavenier
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - M Chiarito
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - D Cao
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - C A Pivato
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - J Nicolas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - M Nardin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - S Sartori
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - U Baber
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
| | - D J Angiolillo
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, United States of America
| | | | - A S Kini
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - S K Sharma
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - G Dangas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - R Mehran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
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Cao D, Baber U, Dangas G, Sartori S, Zhongjie Z, Giustino G, Angiolillo DJ, Mehta S, Gibson CM, Sardella G, Sharma SK, Shlofmitz R, Collier T, Pocock S, Mehran R. Ticagrelor monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease: a TWILIGHT substudy. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are established risk factors for cardiovascular events, with patients presenting both conditions being at extremely high risk. P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy with ticagrelor after a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy has emerged as a bleeding avoidance strategy for high-risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Purpose
To investigate ischemic and bleeding outcomes associated with ticagrelor monotherapy versus ticagrelor plus aspirin according to the presence or absence of CKD and DM.
Methods
The TWILIGHT trial enrolled patients undergoing PCI with a drug-eluting stent who fulfilled at least one clinical and one angiographic high-risk criterion. Both DM and CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73m2) were clinical study entry criteria. Following 3 months of ticagrelor plus aspirin, patients who had been adherent to treatment and free from major adverse events were randomly assigned to either aspirin or placebo in addition to ticagrelor for 1 year. The primary endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding. The key secondary endpoint was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Net adverse clinical events (NACE) were defined as BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding, all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke.
Results
Of the 6273 patients included in the analysis, 8.0% had both CKD and DM (DM+/CKD+), 8.9% had CKD only (DM-/CKD+), 29.0% had DM only (DM+/CKD-), and 52.1% had neither CKD nor DM (DM-/CKD-). At 1-year follow-up, there was a progressive increase in the rates of bleeding and ischemic events according to DM and CKD status (Figure 1). Ticagrelor plus placebo reduced the primary bleeding endpoint as compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin across all study groups, including DM+/CKD+ patients (4.7% vs. 8.7%; HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.25–1.07), with no evidence of heterogeneity (p-interaction=0.68). Similar treatment effects of ticagrelor monotherapy were observed for major BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding (p-interaction=0.17), with DM+/CKD+ patients showing the greatest absolute risk reduction (0.9% vs. 5.1%; HR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04–0.72). The key secondary endpoint was not significantly different between treatment arms across study groups, with the exception of a reduced risk in DM+/CKD- patients receiving ticagrelor monotherapy (p-interaction=0.033). A similar pattern in the DM+/CKD- group was observed for NACE (p-interaction=0.030) (Figure 2).
Conclusions
Among high-risk patients undergoing PCI, ticagrelor monotherapy reduced the risk of clinically relevant and major bleeding without a significant increase in ischemic events as compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin, irrespective of the presence of DM and CKD. Furthermore, ticagrelor monotherapy seemed to be associated with a more favourable net benefit in patients with DM without CKD.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Investigator-initiated grant from AstraZeneca Figure 1. Event rates according to DM/CKD statusFigure 2. Effects of ticagrelor monotherapy
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cao
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - U Baber
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, United States of America
| | - G Dangas
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - S Sartori
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Z Zhongjie
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - G Giustino
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - D J Angiolillo
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, United States of America
| | - S Mehta
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - C M Gibson
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - G Sardella
- Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S K Sharma
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - R Shlofmitz
- St. Francis Hospital, Roslyn, United States of America
| | - T Collier
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Mehran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
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Ansari MA, Saha S, Das A, Lal R, Das B, Choudhury BU, Roy SS, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Meitei CB, Changloi KL, Singh LS, Singh NA, Saraswat PK, Ramakrishna Y, Singh D, Hazarika S, Punitha P, Sandhu SK, Prakash N. Energy and carbon budgeting of traditional land use change with groundnut based cropping system for environmental quality, resilient soil health and farmers income in eastern Indian Himalayas. J Environ Manage 2021; 293:112892. [PMID: 34062423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Energy intensive traditional cereals based monoculture often lead to high greenhouse gas emissions and degradation of land and environmental quality. Present study aimed at evaluating the energy and carbon budget of diversified groundnut (Arachis hypogea L) based cropping system with over existing traditional practice towards the development of a sustainable production technology through restoration of soil and environmental quality and enhancement of farming resiliency by stabilizing farmers' income. The trials comprised of three introduced groundnut based systems viz. groundnut- pea (Pisum sativum), groundnut-lentil (Lens esculenta) and groundnut-toria (Brasssica campestris var. Toria) replacing three existing systems viz. maize (Zea mays L) - fallow, maize - toria, and rice (Oryza sativa L)-fallow systems. Four years study revealed that adoption of groundnut based systems reduced non-renewable energy input use (fertilizers, chemical, machinery and fossil fuels) by 25.5%, consequently that reduced the cost of production. Repeated analysis of variance measurement also affirmed that groundnut based systems (groundnut-pea>groundnut-lentil> groundnut-toria) increased the energy use efficiency, energy productivity, carbon use efficiency, net returns and decreased the specific energy and energy intensiveness. Groundnut based systems increased the mean system productivity and water productivity in terms of groundnut equivalent yield by 3.7 and 3.1 folds over existing practice. The savings of fossil fuel reduced greenhouse gas emissions owing to reduced use of farm machinery and synthetic fertilizers. Groundnut based systems significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the soil carbon concentration (8.7-18.1%) and enzymatic activities (27.1-51.8%) over existing practice. Consequently, estimated soil quality index values were 35.9-77.3% higher under groundnut based systems than existing practice. Thus, the study indicated the resilient nature of groundnut based systems as an environmentally safe and sustainable production technology for enhancing resource use efficiency, reduce carbon emission, energy intensiveness and cost of production in the Eastern Himalaya region of India and similar ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ansari
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
| | - Saurav Saha
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, 796081, Mizoram, India
| | - Anup Das
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, 799 210, Tripura, India.
| | - R Lal
- CMASC, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bappa Das
- ICAR Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Old Goa, 403402, Goa, India
| | - B U Choudhury
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - S S Roy
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
| | - S K Sharma
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
| | - I M Singh
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
| | - Ch Bungbungcha Meitei
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
| | - Kl Levish Changloi
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Monsangpantha, Chandel, 795127, Manipur, India
| | - L Somendro Singh
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pearsonmun, Churachandpur, 795128, Manipur, India
| | - N Ajitkumar Singh
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Hungpung, Ukhrul, 795142, Manipur, India
| | - P K Saraswat
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tupul, Tamenglong, 795159, Manipur, India
| | - Y Ramakrishna
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Hungpung, Ukhrul, 795142, Manipur, India
| | - Deepak Singh
- ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Monsangpantha, Chandel, 795127, Manipur, India
| | - S Hazarika
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - P Punitha
- ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S K Sandhu
- Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence & Statistics, M/o Commerce & Industry Govt. of India, India
| | - N Prakash
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Lamphelpat, Imphal, 795004, India
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Chattopadhyay A, Samanta J, Sharma SK, Jain S. Classical hand radiology of Gout, Osteoarthritis and Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH). QJM 2021; 114:336-337. [PMID: 32871011 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Chattopadhyay
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Samanta
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Jain
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Bhardwaj A, Bhardwaj R, Sharma S, Sharma SK, Dhawan DK, Kaur T. AMPA induced cognitive impairment in rats: Establishing the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor, 4-PBA. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2573-2591. [PMID: 34197000 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) recently have been found to be instrumental in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the paucity of literature deciphering the inter-linkage among glutamate receptors, behavioral alterations, and ER demands thorough exploration. Reckoning the aforesaid concerns, a prospective study was outlined to delineate the influence of ER stress inhibition via 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) on α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) excitotoxicity-induced behavioral aspects and possible ER stress-glutamate linkage. Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups namely sham (surgical control+vehicle, group 1), AMPA-induced excitotoxic group 2 receive a single intra-hippocampal injection of 10 mM AMPA, group 3 received AMPA along with PBA (i.p, 100 mg/kg body weight) for 15 days, and group 4 received PBA alone. Behavioral analyses were performed prior to the sacrifice of animals and hippocampus was extracted thereafter for further analysis. AMPA-induced excitotoxicity exhibited significant impairment of locomotion as well as cognitive functions. The levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, homo vanillic acid (HVA), norepinephrine, and serotonin were reduced accompanied by reduced expression of GLUR1 and GLUR4 (glutamate receptor) as well as loss of neurons in different layers of hippocampus. ER stress markers were upregulated upon AMPA excitotoxicity. However, chemical chaperone PBA supplementation remarkably mitigated the behavioral alterations along with expression of glutamate and ER stress intermediates/markers in AMPA excitotoxic animals. Therefore, the present exploration convincingly emphasizes the significance of ER stress and its inhibition via PBA in combating cognitive impairment as well as improving locomotion in excitotoxic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Bhardwaj
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rishi Bhardwaj
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Tanzeer Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sharma K, Singh R, Sharma SK, Anand A. Sleeping pattern and activities of daily living modulate protein expression in AMD. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248523. [PMID: 34061866 PMCID: PMC8168906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of macular photoreceptors is a prominent characteristic of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which leads to devastating and irreversible vision loss in the elderly population. In this exploratory study, the contribution of environmental factors on the progression of AMD pathology by probing the expression of candidate proteins was analyzed. Four hundred and sixty four participants were recruited in the study comprising of AMD (n = 277) and controls (n = 187). Genetics related data was analyzed to demonstrate the activities of daily living (ADL) by using regression analysis and statistical modeling, including contrast estimate, multinomial regression analysis in AMD progression. Regression analysis revealed contribution of smoking, alcohol, and sleeping hours on AMD by altered expression of IER-3, HTRA1, B3GALTL, LIPC and TIMP3 as compared to normal levels. Contrast estimate supports the gender polarization phenomenon in AMD by significant decreased expression of SLC16A8 and LIPC in control population which was found to be unaltered in AMD patients. The smoking, food habits and duration of night sleeping hours also contributed in AMD progression as evident from multinomial regression analysis. Predicted model (prediction estimate = 86.7%) also indicated the crucial role of night sleeping hours along with the decreased expression of TIMP-3, IER3 and SLC16A8. Results revealed an unambiguous role of environmental factors in AMD progression mediated by various regulatory proteins which might result in intermittent AMD phenotypes and possibly influence the outcome of anti-VEGF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Sharma
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- * E-mail:
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Jha RK, Sen RK, Tripathy SK, Gopinathan NR, Goyal T, Sharma SK. Cross-cultural validation of Hindi version Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in osteoarthritis knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:1742-1749. [PMID: 32776241 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-06211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Hindi version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (H-KOOS) in osteoarthritic knee. METHODS Two hundred and fourteen patients of osteoarthritis knee (OA) between 40 and 80 years of age were evaluated with H-KOOS, Short form health survey (SF12v2) and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The H-KOOS was re-evaluated after 48 h in 125 patients to assess the test-retest reliability. For responsiveness, 40 patients were treated with the intra-articular hyaluronic acid injection, and the effect was assessed after 6 weeks. RESULTS Most of the domains in H-KOOS did not show a ceiling effect. The floor values were observed in 3.75% of patients in sports/recreation function and 2.75% of patients in Quality of life (QoL). The test-retest reliability was excellent with the Intraclass-Correlation-Coefficient (ICC) ranging from 0.89 to 0.94. Internal consistency as assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was acceptable for pain, activities of daily living (ADL) and sport/recreation function (range 0.86-0.93); however, symptoms and QoL had weak internal consistency. There were moderate to strong correlations (r = 0.35 to 0.6) between domains measuring similar constructs in H-KOOS, SF12v2 and WHOQOL-BREF indicating good convergent construct validity. The responsiveness as measured by the effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM) was large for pain (ES 0.9, SRM 0.8), moderate for Sport/Rec (ES 0.66, SRM 0.2) and small for ADL, QoL and Symptoms subscales. CONCLUSION The Hindi version KOOS is a valid, reliable and responsive measure to evaluate osteoarthritis knee with minimal ceiling and floor effects. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prospective cohort study, level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kumar Jha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - Nirmal Raj Gopinathan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tarun Goyal
- Department of Orthopaedics, AIIMS, Bhathinda, India
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Kalra S, Dhingra A, Sharma SK, Bhattacharya S. Sheehan's syndrome as a mimic of premature ovarian insufficiency: need for advocacy. Climacteric 2021; 24:526. [PMID: 33830850 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1905626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India
| | - A Dhingra
- Department of Endocrinology, Gangaram Bansal Hospital, Sri Ganganagar, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. SK Sharma's Diabetes, Thyroid and Endocrine Centre, Jaipur, India
| | - S Bhattacharya
- Department of Endocrinology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Introduction: There is a scarcity of literature about the burden of hemodialysis patients’ caregivers. Caregivers often receive little attention, and the primary focus is always on the patients. Frequent hospitalizations and factors associated with the disease can lead to depression and reduce the caregiver’s quality of life. Objective: The study aimed to determine the burden of caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in northern India. A total of 110 caregivers who were providing care to their patients for more than 3 months were selected by purposive sampling method. The study data were collected by self-prepared demographic questionnaire to collect basic information regarding patients and caregivers, and the level of burden was assessed by a revised Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) standardized on a 5-point scale. Descriptive and inferential (the Chi-square and Fisher exact test, 1-way ANOVA test) statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The mean±SD age of caregivers was 37±13 years. Nearly half of caregivers, 50 (45.46%), reported mild to moderately burdened, while 15 (13.63%) caregivers had moderate to severely burdened. The caregivers were mild to moderately burdened as the mean burden score was 25±12. There was no significant association between the levels of burden scores and selected sociodemographic variables of the participants. Conclusion: It was found that caregivers of hemodialysis patients experienced moderate burden while caring and being with the patient, which may alter their health and quality of life.
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Sharanabasav H, Pramesh D, Prasannakumar MK, Chidanandappa E, Yadav MK, Ngangkham U, Parivallal B, Raghavendra BT, Manjunatha C, Sharma SK, Karthik N. Morpho-molecular and mating-type locus diversity of Ustilaginoidea virens: an incitant of false smut of rice from Southern parts of India. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2372-2386. [PMID: 33772985 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize the geo-distinct isolates of Ustilaginoidea virens for morpho-molecular and mating-type locus diversity. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-one isolates of U. virens collected from Southern India exhibited significant diversity in mycelial width (3·45-5·50 µm), colony colour (yellow, pale yellow, and white), and growth pattern (thick leather mat, raised-fluffy, flat-fluffy, and raised). Field-borne chlamydospores of each isolate were significantly smaller in size (3·34-5·26 µm2 ) compared to those formed on culture media (18·6-100·89 µm2 ). The phylogenetic study based on internal transcribed sequences revealed two clusters; however, most isolates (n = 54) were grouped in cluster-I, indicating common ancestral origin. We also identified 42 haplotypes; among them, Hap_3 has the highest number of isolates (n = 19). Mating-type locus (MAT1) analysis revealed all sixty-one isolates as heterothallic, wherein 37 and 24 isolates belonging to MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 heterothallic mating types, respectively. The microsynteny analysis of MAT1 loci of one of the Indian strain (Uv-Gvt) along with Uv-8b (China) strain revealed synteny conservation at MAT1 locus, which is flanked by conserved genes SLA2 and a hypothetical protein in the upstream and APN2, COX12 and APC5 in the downstream of the locus. CONCLUSIONS Morpho-molecular study revealed the significant diversity among geo-distinct isolates, and MAT1 loci analysis indicated the distribution of heterothallic mating types in south Indian paddy fields. And also, complete synteny conservation between Indian and Chinese strain was observed at the MAT1 locus. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report describing the sexuality of Indian strains of the U. virens, which would help better understand the genetic diversity of the U. virens prevailing in Southern India and aid in developing resistant rice cultivars against this pathogen population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sharanabasav
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - D Pramesh
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - M K Prasannakumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - E Chidanandappa
- Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - M K Yadav
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - U Ngangkham
- ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region Umia, Meghalaya, India
| | - B Parivallal
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - B T Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - C Manjunatha
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Wellington, India
| | - S K Sharma
- ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Imphal Center, Manipur, India
| | - N Karthik
- University of Madras, Chennai, India
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Utpalla P, Sharma SK, Deshpande SK, Bahadur J, Sen D, Sahu M, Pujari PK. Role of free volumes and segmental dynamics on ion conductivity of PEO/LiTFSI solid polymer electrolytes filled with SiO 2 nanoparticles: a positron annihilation and broadband dielectric spectroscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8585-8597. [PMID: 33876020 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The limited ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes is a major issue for their industrial application. Enhancement of ionic conductivity in the poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, based electrolyte has been achieved by loading passive nanofillers such as SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). To investigate the role of modifications in free volume characteristics and the polymer chain dynamics induced by the loading of passive fillers on the ionic conductivity of the PEO based ternary electrolyte, a systematic investigation has been carried out using positron annihilation and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. As a result of interfacial interactions, the loading of SiO2 NPs alters the semi-crystalline morphology of PEO resulting in a higher crystallinity at lower loadings due to the surface confinement of PEO chains, and the formation of smaller PEO crystallites at higher loadings due to interparticle nanoconfinement. These modifications are accompanied by a decrease in free volume fraction at the lowest loading (0.5 wt%) followed by an increase at higher loadings (≥2.0 wt%). The Almond-West formalism considering two different universalities in different temperature and frequency ranges has been used to explain the ion-conduction process at different NP loadings. The Li ion conductivity is observed to be maximum for a 5.0 wt% loading of SiO2 NPs. The enhancement in ionic conductivity is observed to be directly correlated with the free volume characteristics and segmental dynamics of the PEO matrix, confirming their role in ion transport in polymer electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Utpalla
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
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