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da Silva Beraldo IJ, Prates Rodrigues M, Polanczyk RS, Verano-Braga T, Lopes-Aguiar C. Proteomic-Based Studies on Memory Formation in Normal and Neurodegenerative Disease-Affected Brains. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1443:129-158. [PMID: 38409419 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-50624-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A critical aspect of cognition is the ability to acquire, consolidate, and evoke memories, which is considerably impaired by neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. These mnemonic processes are dependent on signaling cascades, which involve protein expression and degradation. Recent mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has opened a range of possibilities for the study of memory formation and impairment, making it possible to research protein systems not studied before. However, in the context of synaptic proteome related to learning processes and memory formation, a deeper understanding of the synaptic proteome temporal dynamics after induction of synaptic plasticity and the molecular changes underlying the cognitive deficits seen in neurodegenerative diseases is needed. This review analyzes the applications of proteomics for understanding memory processes in both normal and neurodegenerative conditions. Moreover, the most critical experimental studies have been summarized using the PANTHER overrepresentation test. Finally, limitations associated with investigations of memory studies in physiological and neurodegenerative disorders have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikaro Jesus da Silva Beraldo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mateus Prates Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Schuttenberg Polanczyk
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago Verano-Braga
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Núcleo de Proteômica Funcional (NPF), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Nano-Biofarmacêutica (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Ali N, Wolf C, Kanchan S, Veerabhadraiah SR, Bond L, Turner MW, Jorcyk CL, Hampikian G. 9S1R nullomer peptide induces mitochondrial pathology, metabolic suppression, and enhanced immune cell infiltration, in triple-negative breast cancer mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115997. [PMID: 38118350 PMCID: PMC10872342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nullomers are the shortest strings of absent amino acid (aa) sequences in a species or group of species. Primes are those nullomers that have not been detected in the genome of any species. 9S1R is a 5-aa peptide prime sequence attached to 5-arginine aa, used to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in an in vivo mouse model. This unique peptide, administered with a trehalose carrier (9S1R-NulloPT), offers enhanced solubility and exhibits distinct anti-cancer effects against TNBC. In our study, we investigated the effect of 9S1R-NulloPT on tumor growth, metabolism, metastatic burden, tumor immune-microenvironment (TME), and transcriptome of aggressive mouse TNBC tumors. Notably, treated mice had smaller tumors in the initial phase of the treatment, as compared to untreated control, and diminished in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence at later-stages - indicative of metabolically quiescent, dying tumors. The treatment also caused changes in TME with increased infiltration of immune cells and altered tumor transcriptome, with 365 upregulated genes and 710 downregulated genes. Consistent with in vitro data, downregulated genes were enriched in cellular metabolic processes (179), specifically mitochondrial TCA cycle/oxidative phosphorylation (44), and translation machinery/ribosome biogenesis (45). The upregulated genes were associated with the developmental (13), ECM organization (12) and focal adhesion pathways (7). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that 9S1R-NulloPT effectively reduced tumor growth during its initial phase, altering the TME and tumor transcriptome. The treatment induced mitochondrial pathology which led to a metabolic deceleration in tumors, aligning with in vitro observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufar Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA.
| | - Cody Wolf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Swarna Kanchan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Jaon C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Shivakumar R Veerabhadraiah
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Laura Bond
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Matrix Biology, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Matthew W Turner
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Greg Hampikian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA.
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Ali N, Sane MS, Tang H, Compher J, McLaughlin Q, Jones CD, Maffi SK. 6-hydroxydopamine affects multiple pathways to induce cytotoxicity in differentiated LUHMES dopaminergic neurons. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105608. [PMID: 37678429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The debilitating effects of Parkinson's disease (PD) progress over time and are pathophysiologically characterized by the formation of Lewy bodies due to the accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates resulting in the death of dopaminergic neurons. In the present study, we determined cell death pathways activated by acute exposure to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in differentiated LUHMES cells empirically followed by a 24 h toxin free interval, henceforth termed as washout/recovery period. Acute 6-OHDA exposure led to morphological changes in LUHMES cells and resulted in significant loss of neurite length and neurite thickness. Generation of reactive oxygen species and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in the neuronal processes were persistent even after the recovery period. Our results show that 6-OHDA exposure leads to significant reduction in expression of mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes I, II, and IV and activation of caspase mediated apoptotic cell death cascade as observed by enhanced protein expression of cleaved-PARP-1 and cleaved-Caspase-3. Immunofluorescence microscopy approach confirmed that cell death occurs independent of the AIF translocation to the nucleus. Our experimental model, led to a ∼5-fold lower α-synuclein monomer expression and, interestingly, resulted in loss of protein ubiquitination in whole cell lysates. Altogether, this work provides evidence of multiple pathways targeted by 6-OHDA in differentiated LUHMES cells and expands research avenues for addressing the knowledge gap regarding the effect of 6-OHDA in the ubiquitin proteasome system for PD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufar Ali
- Department of Research and Development, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA; Department of Biological Science, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA.
| | - Mukta S Sane
- Department of Research and Development, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA
| | - Huiyuan Tang
- Department of Research and Development, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA
| | - Jadon Compher
- Department of Research and Development, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA
| | - Quinlan McLaughlin
- Department of Research and Development, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA
| | - Christopher D Jones
- Department of Regulatory and Medical Affairs, Azymus Therapeutics Inc., Boise, ID, USA.
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Buneeva OA, Kapitsa IG, Zgoda VG, Medvedev AE. Neuroprotective effects of isatin and afobazole in rats with rotenone-induced Parkinsonism are accompanied by increased brain levels of Triton X-100 soluble alpha-synuclein. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:290-299. [PMID: 37937431 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236905290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the endogenous neuroprotector isatin and the pharmacological drug afobazole (exhibiting neuroprotective properties) on behavioral reactions and quantitative changes in the brain proteomic profile have been investigated in rats with experimental rotenone Parkinsonism. A single dose of isatin (100 mg/kg subcutaneously on the last day of a 7-day course of rotenone administration) improved the motor activity of rats with rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in the open field test (horizontal movements) and the rotating rod test. Afobazole (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally, daily during the 7-day course of rotenone administration) reduced the manifestations of rigidity and postural instability. Proteomic analysis, performed using brain samples obtained the day after the last administration of rotenone and neuroprotectors, revealed similar quantitative changes in the brain of rats with rotenone Parkinsonism. An increase in the relative content of 65 proteins and a decrease in the relative content of 21 proteins were detected. The most pronounced changes - an almost ninety-fold increase in the alpha-synuclein content - were found in the brains of rats treated with isatin. In animals of the experimental groups treated with "Rotenone + Isatin", as well as "Rotenone + Afobazole", the increase in the relative content of this protein in the brain was almost 60 and 50 times higher than the control values. Taking into consideration the known data on the physiological role of alpha-synuclein, an increase in the content of this protein in the brain upon administration of neuroprotectors to animals with rotenone Parkinsonism may represent a compensatory reaction, at least in the early stages of this disease and the beginning of its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Buneeva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - I G Kapitsa
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Zgoda
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Medvedev
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Kohler A, Carlström A, Nolte H, Kohler V, Jung SJ, Sridhara S, Tatsuta T, Berndtsson J, Langer T, Ott M. Early fate decision for mitochondrially encoded proteins by a molecular triage. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3470-3484.e8. [PMID: 37751741 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Folding of newly synthesized proteins poses challenges for a functional proteome. Dedicated protein quality control (PQC) systems either promote the folding of nascent polypeptides at ribosomes or, if this fails, ensure their degradation. Although well studied for cytosolic protein biogenesis, it is not understood how these processes work for mitochondrially encoded proteins, key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Here, we identify dedicated hubs in proximity to mitoribosomal tunnel exits coordinating mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control. Conserved prohibitin (PHB)/m-AAA protease supercomplexes and the availability of assembly chaperones determine the fate of newly synthesized proteins by molecular triaging. The localization of these competing activities in the vicinity of the mitoribosomal tunnel exit allows for a prompt decision on whether newly synthesized proteins are fed into OXPHOS assembly or are degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Carlström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Verena Kohler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sung-Jun Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sagar Sridhara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Berndtsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Bernstein HG, Smalla KH, Keilhoff G, Dobrowolny H, Kreutz MR, Steiner J. The many "Neurofaces" of Prohibitins 1 and 2: Crucial for the healthy brain, dysregulated in numerous brain disorders. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102321. [PMID: 37524128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) are proteins that are nearly ubiquitously expressed. They are localized in mitochondria, cytosol and cell nuclei. In the healthy CNS, they occur in neurons and non-neuronal cells (oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells) and fulfill pivotal functions in brain development and aging, the regulation of brain metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity, synapse formation, aminoacidergic neurotransmission and, probably, regulation of brain action of certain hypothalamic-pituitary hormones.With regard to the diseased brain there is increasing evidence that prohibitins are prominently involved in numerous major diseases of the CNS, which are summarized and discussed in the present review (brain tumors, neurotropic viruses, Alzheimer disease, Down syndrome, Fronto-temporal and vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, Multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, alcohol use disorder, schizophrenia and autism). Unfortunately, there is no PHB-targeted therapy available for any of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplasticity, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gerburg Keilhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Dobrowolny
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplastcity, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Leibniz Group "Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function" ZMNH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Chen C, McDonald D, Blain A, Mossman E, Atkin K, Marusich MF, Capaldi R, Bone L, Smith A, Filby A, Erskine D, Russell O, Hudson G, Vincent AE, Reeve AK. Parkinson's disease neurons exhibit alterations in mitochondrial quality control proteins. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:120. [PMID: 37553379 PMCID: PMC10409763 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested to contribute to Parkinson's disease pathogenesis, though an understanding of the extent or exact mechanism of this contribution remains elusive. This has been complicated by challenging nature of pathway-based analysis and an inability simultaneously study multiple related proteins within human brain tissue. We used imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to overcome these challenges, measuring multiple protein targets, whilst retaining the spatial relationship between targets in post-mortem midbrain sections. We used IMC to simultaneously interrogate subunits of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes, and several key signalling pathways important for mitochondrial homoeostasis, in a large cohort of PD patient and control cases. We revealed a generalised and synergistic reduction in mitochondrial quality control proteins in dopaminergic neurons from Parkinson's patients. Further, protein-protein abundance relationships appeared significantly different between PD and disease control tissue. Our data showed a significant reduction in the abundance of PINK1, Parkin and phosphorylated ubiquitinSer65, integral to the mitophagy machinery; two mitochondrial chaperones, HSP60 and PHB1; and regulators of mitochondrial protein synthesis and the unfolded protein response, SIRT3 and TFAM. Further, SIRT3 and PINK1 did not show an adaptive response to an ATP synthase defect in the Parkinson's neurons. We also observed intraneuronal aggregates of phosphorylated ubiquitinSer65, alongside increased abundance of mitochondrial proteases, LONP1 and HTRA2, within the Parkinson's neurons with Lewy body pathology, compared to those without. Taken together, these findings suggest an inability to turnover mitochondria and maintain mitochondrial proteostasis in Parkinson's neurons. This may exacerbate the impact of oxidative phosphorylation defects and ageing related oxidative stress, leading to neuronal degeneration. Our data also suggest that that Lewy pathology may affect mitochondrial quality control regulation through the disturbance of mitophagy and intramitochondrial proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - David McDonald
- Innovation, Methodology and Application Research Theme, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alasdair Blain
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emily Mossman
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kiera Atkin
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - Laura Bone
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Innovation, Methodology and Application Research Theme, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Erskine
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oliver Russell
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy K Reeve
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Alizadeh M, Kheirouri S, Keramati M. What Dietary Vitamins and Minerals Might Be Protective against Parkinson's Disease? Brain Sci 2023; 13:1119. [PMID: 37509049 PMCID: PMC10377174 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dietary constituents may affect the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to assess the contribution of dietary intake of vitamins and minerals to the severity, motor and non-motor symptoms, and risk of PD. METHODS In this case-control study, 120 patients with PD and 50 healthy participants participated. Dietary intake of vitamins and minerals was determined using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The severity of PD was determined by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). RESULTS Patients with PD had lower intake of several vitamins and minerals including lycopene, thiamine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, selenium, chromium, and phosphorus, but had higher intake of α-tocopherol. High dietary intake of vitamin A, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, vitamin C, and α-tocopherol were correlated with increased odds of PD. High intake of lycopene, thiamin, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, magnesium, zinc, manganese, chromium, and phosphorous correlated with reduced odds of PD. The predictive power of α-tocopherol concerning the risk of PD was stronger relative to other vitamins. Dietary intake of pantothenic acid was negatively correlated with PD severity and symptoms of motor examination and complication. The severity and motor symptoms of PD were also negatively correlated with β-carotene, vitamin C, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and biotin intake. The UPDRS total score and motor symptoms in PD patients were negatively correlated with phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, and chromium, and strongly with potassium intake. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that adequate dietary intake of vitamins and minerals may have a preventive effect on developing PD and progression of motor decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Majid Keramati
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
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Ali N, Wolf C, Kanchan S, Veerabhadraiah SR, Bond L, Turner MW, Jorcyk CL, Hampikian G. Nullomer peptide increases immune cell infiltration and reduces tumor metabolism in triple negative breast cancer mouse model. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3097552. [PMID: 37461536 PMCID: PMC10350184 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3097552/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Nullomers are the shortest strings of absent amino acid (aa) sequences in a species or group of species. Primes are those nullomers that have not been detected in the genome of any species. 9S1R is a 5-aa peptide derived from a prime sequence that is tagged with 5 arginine aa, used to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in an in vivo TNBC mouse model. 9S1R is administered in trehalose (9S1R-NulloPT), which enhances solubility and exhibits some independent effects against tumor growth and is thus an important component in the drug preparation. Method We examined the effect of 9S1R-NulloPT on tumor growth, metabolism, metastatic burden, necrosis, tumor immune microenvironment, and the transcriptome of aggressive mouse TNBC tumors. Results The peptide-treated mice had smaller tumors in the initial phase of the treatment, as compared to the untreated control, and reduced in vivo bioluminescence at later stages, which is indicative of metabolically inactive tumors. A decrease in ex vivo bioluminescence was also observed in the excised tumors of treated mice, but not in the secondary metastasis in the lungs. The treatment also caused changes in tumor immune microenvironment with increased infiltration of immune cells and margin inflammation. The treatment upregulated 365 genes and downregulated 710 genes in tumors compared to the untreated group. Consistent with in vitro findings in breast cancer cell lines, downregulated genes in the treated TNBC tumors include Cellular Metabolic Process Related genes (179), specifically mitochondrial genes associated with TCA cycle/oxidative phosphorylation (44), and translation machinery/ribosome biogenesis genes (45). Among upregulated genes, the Developmental Pathway (13), ECM Organization (12) and Focal Adhesion Related Pathways (7) were noteworthy. We also present data from a pilot study using a bilateral BC mouse model, which supports our findings. Conclusion In conclusion, although 9S1R-NulloPT was moderate at reducing the tumor volume, it altered the tumor immune microenvironment as well as the tumor transcriptome, rendering tumors metabolically less active by downregulating the mitochondrial function and ribosome biogenesis. This corroborates previously published in vitro findings.
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Vrettou S, Wirth B. S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation in Mitochondria: Focus on Homeostasis and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415849. [PMID: 36555492 PMCID: PMC9779533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox post-translational modifications are derived from fluctuations in the redox potential and modulate protein function, localization, activity and structure. Amongst the oxidative reversible modifications, the S-glutathionylation of proteins was the first to be characterized as a post-translational modification, which primarily protects proteins from irreversible oxidation. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that S-glutathionylation plays a key role in core cell processes, particularly in mitochondria, which are the main source of reactive oxygen species. S-nitrosylation, another post-translational modification, was identified >150 years ago, but it was re-introduced as a prototype cell-signaling mechanism only recently, one that tightly regulates core processes within the cell’s sub-compartments, especially in mitochondria. S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are modulated by fluctuations in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and, in turn, orchestrate mitochondrial bioenergetics machinery, morphology, nutrients metabolism and apoptosis. In many neurodegenerative disorders, mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative/nitrosative stresses trigger or exacerbate their pathologies. Despite the substantial amount of research for most of these disorders, there are no successful treatments, while antioxidant supplementation failed in the majority of clinical trials. Herein, we discuss how S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation interfere in mitochondrial homeostasis and how the deregulation of these modifications is associated with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Friedreich’s ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Vrettou
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (B.W.)
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (B.W.)
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Nonreceptor Tyrosine Kinase c-Abl-Mediated PHB2 Phosphorylation Aggravates Mitophagy Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9233749. [PMID: 36406767 PMCID: PMC9668474 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9233749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy and oxidative stress play important roles in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dysregulated mitophagy exacerbates mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, the regulatory mechanism of mitophagy is unclear. Here, we provide a potential mechanistic link between c-Abl, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, and mitophagy in PD progression. We found that c-Abl activation reduces the interaction of prohibitin 2 (PHB2) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and decreases the expressive level of antioxidative stress proteins, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), and the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium- (MPP+-) lesioned SH-SY5Y cells. Importantly, we found that MPP+ can increase the expression of phosphorylated proteins at the tyrosine site of PHB2 and the interaction of c-Abl with PHB2. We showed for the first time that PHB2 by changing tyrosine (Y) to aspartate (D) at site 121 resulted in impaired binding of PHB2 and LC3 in vitro. Moreover, silencing of PHB2 can decrease the interaction of PHB2 and LC3 and exacerbate the loss of dopaminergic neurons. We also found that STI 571, a c-Abl family kinase inhibitor, can decrease dopaminergic neuron damage and ameliorate MPTP-induced behavioral deficits in PD mice. Taken together, our findings highlight a novel molecular mechanism for aberrant PHB2 phosphorylation as an inhibitor of c-Abl activity and suggest that c-Abl and PHB2 are potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of individuals with PD. However, these results need to be further validated in PHB2 Y121D mice.
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12
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Oyang L, Li J, Jiang X, Lin J, Xia L, Yang L, Tan S, Wu N, Han Y, Yang Y, Luo X, Li J, Liao Q, Shi Y, Zhou Y. The function of prohibitins in mitochondria and the clinical potentials. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:343. [DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractProhibitins (PHBs) are a class of highly evolutionarily conserved proteins that widely distribute in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. PHBs function in cell growth and proliferation or differentiation, regulating metabolism and signaling pathways. PHBs have different subcellular localization in eukaryotes, but they are mainly located in mitochondria. In the mitochondria, PHBs stabilize the structure of the mitochondrial membrane and regulate mitochondrial autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control, and mitochondrial unfolded protein response. PHBs has shown to be associated with many diseases, such as mitochondria diseases, cancers, infectious diseases, and so on. Some molecule targets of PHBs can interfere with the occurrence and development of diseases. Therefore, this review clarifies the functions of PHBs in mitochondria, and provides a summary of the potential values in clinics.
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13
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Fernandez-Abascal J, Artal-Sanz M. Prohibitins in neurodegeneration and mitochondrial homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:1043300. [PMID: 36404989 PMCID: PMC9674034 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.1043300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of age-related neurodegenerative disorders has risen with the increase of life expectancy. Unfortunately, the diagnosis of such disorders is in most cases only possible when the neurodegeneration status is already advanced, and symptoms are evident. Although age-related neurodegeneration is a common phenomenon in living animals, the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind remain poorly understood. Pathways leading to neurodegeneration usually diverge from a common starting point, mitochondrial stress, which can serve as a potential target for early diagnosis and treatments. Interestingly, the evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial prohibitin (PHB) complex is a key regulator of ageing and metabolism that has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases. However, its role in neurodegeneration is still not well characterized. The PHB complex shows protective or toxic effects in different genetic and physiological contexts, while mitochondrial and cellular stress promote both up and downregulation of PHB expression. With this review we aim to shed light into the complex world of PHB’s function in neurodegeneration by putting together the latest advances in neurodegeneration and mitochondrial homeostasis associated with PHB. A better understanding of the role of PHB in neurodegeneration will add knowledge to neuron deterioration during ageing and help to identify early molecular markers of mitochondrial stress. This review will deepen our understanding of age-related neurodegeneration and provide questions to be addressed, relevant to human health and to improve the life quality of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Fernandez-Abascal
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jesus Fernandez-Abascal, ; Marta Artal-Sanz,
| | - Marta Artal-Sanz
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jesus Fernandez-Abascal, ; Marta Artal-Sanz,
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14
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Ahuja M, Kaidery NA, Dutta D, Attucks OC, Kazakov EH, Gazaryan I, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of the Nrf2/Bach1 Signaling Pathway in Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091780. [PMID: 36139853 PMCID: PMC9495572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although a complex interplay of multiple environmental and genetic factors has been implicated, the etiology of neuronal death in PD remains unresolved. Various mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in PD have been proposed, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, α-synuclein proteostasis, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and other cell death pathways. While many drugs individually targeting these pathways have shown promise in preclinical PD models, this promise has not yet translated into neuroprotective therapies in human PD. This has consequently spurred efforts to identify alternative targets with multipronged therapeutic approaches. A promising therapeutic target that could modulate multiple etiological pathways involves drug-induced activation of a coordinated genetic program regulated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 regulates the transcription of over 250 genes, creating a multifaceted network that integrates cellular activities by expressing cytoprotective genes, promoting the resolution of inflammation, restoring redox and protein homeostasis, stimulating energy metabolism, and facilitating repair. However, FDA-approved electrophilic Nrf2 activators cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues in various cellular proteins resulting in side effects. We propose that the transcriptional repressor of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), which antagonizes Nrf2, could serve as a promising complementary target for the activation of both Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent neuroprotective pathways. This review presents the current knowledge on the Nrf2/Bach1 signaling pathway, its role in various cellular processes, and the benefits of simultaneously inhibiting Bach1 and stabilizing Nrf2 using non-electrophilic small molecules as a novel therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | | | | | - Irina Gazaryan
- Pace University, White Plains, NY 10601, USA
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 111401 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, 111401 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Toomey CE, Heywood WE, Evans JR, Lachica J, Pressey SN, Foti SC, Al Shahrani M, D’Sa K, Hargreaves IP, Heales S, Orford M, Troakes C, Attems J, Gelpi E, Palkovits M, Lashley T, Gentleman SM, Revesz T, Mills K, Gandhi S. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological driver of early stage Parkinson's. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:134. [PMID: 36076304 PMCID: PMC9461181 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular drivers of early sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unclear, and the presence of widespread end stage pathology in late disease masks the distinction between primary or causal disease-specific events and late secondary consequences in stressed or dying cells. However, early and mid-stage Parkinson's brains (Braak stages 3 and 4) exhibit alpha-synuclein inclusions and neuronal loss along a regional gradient of severity, from unaffected-mild-moderate-severe. Here, we exploited this spatial pathological gradient to investigate the molecular drivers of sporadic PD. METHODS We combined high precision tissue sampling with unbiased large-scale profiling of protein expression across 9 brain regions in Braak stage 3 and 4 PD brains, and controls, and verified these results using targeted proteomic and functional analyses. RESULTS We demonstrate that the spatio-temporal pathology gradient in early-mid PD brains is mirrored by a biochemical gradient of a changing proteome. Importantly, we identify two key events that occur early in the disease, prior to the occurrence of alpha-synuclein inclusions and neuronal loss: (i) a metabolic switch in the utilisation of energy substrates and energy production in the brain, and (ii) perturbation of the mitochondrial redox state. These changes may contribute to the regional vulnerability of developing alpha-synuclein pathology. Later in the disease, mitochondrial function is affected more severely, whilst mitochondrial metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration are affected across all brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides an in-depth regional profile of the proteome at different stages of PD, and highlights that mitochondrial dysfunction is detectable prior to neuronal loss, and alpha-synuclein fibril deposition, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key drivers of early disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E. Toomey
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Wendy E. Heywood
- Translational Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Genetic & Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - James R. Evans
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Joanne Lachica
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sarah N. Pressey
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sandrine C. Foti
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Mesfer Al Shahrani
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery & Neurometabolic Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karishma D’Sa
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Iain P. Hargreaves
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery & Neurometabolic Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Simon Heales
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery & Neurometabolic Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Michael Orford
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery & Neurometabolic Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Claire Troakes
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Johannes Attems
- Newcastle Brain Tissue Resource, Institute of Neuroscience and Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Neurological Tissue Bank, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miklos Palkovits
- Human Brain Tissue Bank, Budapest, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Tamas Revesz
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- Translational Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Genetic & Genomic Medicine, Institute of Child Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Sonia Gandhi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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16
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Chen Y, Qin Q, Zhao W, Luo D, Huang Y, Liu G, Kuang Y, Cao Y, Chen Y. Carnosol Reduced Pathogenic Protein Aggregation and Cognitive Impairment in Neurodegenerative Diseases Models via Improving Proteostasis and Ameliorating Mitochondrial Disorders. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10490-10505. [PMID: 35973126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease are incurable diseases with progressive loss of neural function and require urgent development of effective treatments. Carnosol (CL) reportedly has a pharmacological effect in the prevention of dementia. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of CL's neuroprotection are not entirely clear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of CL-mediated neuroprotection through Caenorhabditis elegans models. First, CL restored ND protein homeostasis via inhibiting the IIS pathway, regulating MAPK signaling, and simultaneously activating molecular chaperone, thus inhibiting amyloid peptide (Aβ), polyglutamine (polyQ), and α-synuclein (α-syn) deposition and reducing protein disruption-mediated behavioral and cognitive impairments as well as neuronal damages. Furthermore, CL could repair mitochondrial structural damage via improving the mitochondrial membrane protein function and mitochondrial structural homeostasis and improve mitochondrial functional defects via increasing adenosine triphosphate contents, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species levels, suggesting that CL could improve the ubiquitous mitochondrial defects in NDs. More importantly, we found that CL activated mitochondrial kinetic homeostasis related genes to improve the mitochondrial homeostasis and dysfunction in NDs. Meanwhile, CL up-regulated unc-17, cho-1, and cha-1 genes to alleviate Aβ-mediated cholinergic neurological disorders and activated Notch signaling and the Wnt pathway to diminish polyQ- and α-syn-induced ASH neurons as well as dopaminergic neuron damages. Overall, our study clarified the beneficial anti-ND neuroprotective effects of CL in different aspects and provided new insights into developing CL into products with preventive and therapeutic effects on NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Danxia Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Yingyin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong, China
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17
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Stykel MG, Ryan SD. Nitrosative stress in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:104. [PMID: 35953517 PMCID: PMC9372037 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized, in part, by the loss of dopaminergic neurons within the nigral-striatal pathway. Multiple lines of evidence support a role for reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in degeneration of this pathway, specifically nitric oxide (NO). This review will focus on how RNS leads to loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD and whether RNS accumulation represents a central signal in the degenerative cascade. Herein, we provide an overview of how RNS accumulates in PD by considering the various cellular sources of RNS including nNOS, iNOS, nitrate, and nitrite reduction and describe evidence that these sources are upregulating RNS in PD. We document that over 1/3 of the proteins that deposit in Lewy Bodies, are post-translationally modified (S-nitrosylated) by RNS and provide a broad description of how this elicits deleterious effects in neurons. In doing so, we identify specific proteins that are modified by RNS in neurons which are implicated in PD pathogenesis, with an emphasis on exacerbation of synucleinopathy. How nitration of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) leads to aSyn misfolding and toxicity in PD models is outlined. Furthermore, we delineate how RNS modulates known PD-related phenotypes including axo-dendritic-, mitochondrial-, and dopamine-dysfunctions. Finally, we discuss successful outcomes of therapeutics that target S-nitrosylation of proteins in Parkinson’s Disease related clinical trials. In conclusion, we argue that targeting RNS may be of therapeutic benefit for people in early clinical stages of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan G Stykel
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
| | - Scott D Ryan
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, ON, Canada. .,Neurodegenerative Disease Center, Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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18
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Dutta D, Paidi RK, Raha S, Roy A, Chandra S, Pahan K. Treadmill exercise reduces α-synuclein spreading via PPARα. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111058. [PMID: 35830804 PMCID: PMC9308946 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study underlines the importance of treadmill exercise in reducing α-synuclein (α-syn) spreading in the A53T brain and protecting nigral dopaminergic neurons. Preformed α-syn fibril (PFF) seeding in the internal capsule of young A53T α-syn mice leads to increased spreading of α-syn to substantia nigra and motor cortex and concomitant loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. However, regular treadmill exercise decreases α-syn spreading in the brain and protects nigral dopaminergic neurons in PFF-seeded mice. Accordingly, treadmill exercise also mitigates α-synucleinopathy in aged A53T mice. While investigating this mechanism, we have observed that treadmill exercise induces the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in the brain to stimulate lysosomal biogenesis via TFEB. Accordingly, treadmill exercise remains unable to stimulate TFEB and reduce α-synucleinopathy in A53T mice lacking PPARα, and fenofibrate, a prototype PPARα agonist, reduces α-synucleinopathy. These results delineate a beneficial function of treadmill exercise in reducing α-syn spreading in the brain via PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Dutta
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ramesh Kumar Paidi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sumita Raha
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Avik Roy
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sujyoti Chandra
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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19
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Qin Q, Zhang Y, Xie L, Xiao J, Cao Y, Su Z, Chen Y. Carnosic acid ameliorated Aβ-mediated (amyloid-β peptide) toxicity, cholinergic dysfunction and mitochondrial defect in Caenorhabditis elegans of Alzheimer's Model. Food Funct 2022; 13:4624-4640. [PMID: 35357374 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02965g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ)-induced cholinergic system and mitochondrial dysfunction are major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our previous studies found that carnosic acid (CA), an important polyphenol antioxidant, could significantly delay Aβ1-42-mediated acute paralysis. However, many details and underlying mechanisms of CA's neuroprotection against Aβ-induced cholinergic system defects and mitochondrial dysfunction remain unclear. Herein, we deeply investigated the effects and the possible mechanisms of CA-mediated protection against Aβ toxicity in vivo through several AD Caenorhabditis elegans strains. The results showed CA delayed age-related paralysis and Aβ deposition, and significantly protected neurons from Aβ-induced toxicity. CA might downgrade the expression of ace-1 and ace-2 genes, and upregulate cha-1 and unc-17 genes to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity and relieve Aβ-caused cholinergic system defects. Furthermore, CA might also ameliorate Aβ-induced mitochondrial imbalance and oxidative stress through up-regulating the expression of phb-1, phb-2, eat-3, and drp-1 genes. The enhancements of the cholinergic system and mitochondrial function might be the reasons for the amelioration of Aβ-mediated toxicity and Aβ aggregation mediated by CA. These findings have helped us to understand the CA anti-Aβ activity in C. elegans and the potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingling Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuanxian Su
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
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20
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An B, Zhang Y, Li X, Hou X, Yan B, Cai J. PHB2 affects the virulence of Vip3Aa to Sf9 cells through internalization and mitochondrial stability. Virulence 2022; 13:684-697. [PMID: 35400294 PMCID: PMC9037526 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2064596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip3A) secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains during vegetative growth are regarded as a new generation of insecticidal toxins. Like insecticidal crystal proteins, they are also used in transgenic crops to control pests. However, their insecticidal mechanisms are far less defined than those of insecticidal crystal protein. Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) is a potential Vip3Aa binding receptor identified from the membrane of Sf9 cells in our previous work. In this paper, we demonstrated the interaction between Vip3Aa and PHB2 using pull-down, dot blotting, microscale thermophoresis, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. PHB2 is distributed on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm, and the co-localization of PHB2 and Vip3Aa was observed in Sf9 cells using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Moreover, PHB2 could interact with scavenger receptor-C via its SPFH (stomatin, prohibitin, flotillin, and HflK/C) domain. Downregulation of phb2 expression reduced the degree of internalization of Vip3Aa, exacerbated Vip3Aa-mediated mitochondrial damage, and increased Vip3Aa toxicity to Sf9 cells. This suggested that PHB2 performs two different functions: Acting as an interacting partner to facilitate the internalization of Vip3Aa into Sf9 cells and maintaining the stability of mitochondria. The latter has a more important influence on the virulence of Vip3Aa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoju An
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyue Hou
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Bioresources development, Lianyungang, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics, Tianjin, China
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Rangasamy SB, Dutta D, Mondal S, Majumder M, Dasarathy S, Chandra G, Pahan K. Protection of dopaminergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian monkeys by flavouring ingredient glyceryl tribenzoate. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2022; 1:7-22. [PMID: 36720111 PMCID: PMC9212717 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and this study underlines the significance of a small molecule glyceryl tribenzoate (GTB), a FDA approved food additive, in preventing parkinsonian pathologies in MPTP-induced animal models. The study conducted in MPTP-induced mice demonstrated dose-dependent protection of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and striatal dopamine level by GTB oral treatment and the optimum dose was found to be 50 mg/kg/d. In the next phase, the study was carried out in MPTP-injected hemiparkinsonian monkeys, which recapitulate better clinical parkinsonian syndromes. GTB inhibited MPTP-driven induction of glial inflammation, which was evidenced by reduced level of GTP-p21Ras and phospho-p65 in SN of monkeys. It led to decreased expression of inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and iNOS. Simultaneously, GTB oral treatment protected nigral TH cells, striatal dopamine, and improved motor behaviour of hemiparkinsonian monkeys. Presence of sodium benzoate, a GTB metabolite and a FDA-approved drug for urea cycle disorders and glycine encephalopathy, in the brain suggests that the neuroprotective effect imparted by GTB might be mediated by sodium benzoate. Although the mechanism of action of GTB is poorly understood, the study sheds light on the therapeutic possibility of a food additive GTB in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B. Rangasamy
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Susanta Mondal
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Moumita Majumder
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Sridevi Dasarathy
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Goutam Chandra
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA
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22
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Novak G, Kyriakis D, Grzyb K, Bernini M, Rodius S, Dittmar G, Finkbeiner S, Skupin A. Single-cell transcriptomics of human iPSC differentiation dynamics reveal a core molecular network of Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2022; 5:49. [PMID: 35027645 PMCID: PMC8758783 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (mDA) in the midbrain. The underlying mechanisms are only partly understood and there is no treatment to reverse PD progression. Here, we investigated the disease mechanism using mDA neurons differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) carrying the ILE368ASN mutation within the PINK1 gene, which is strongly associated with PD. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and gene expression analysis of a PINK1-ILE368ASN and a control cell line identified genes differentially expressed during mDA neuron differentiation. Network analysis revealed that these genes form a core network, members of which interact with all known 19 protein-coding Parkinson's disease-associated genes. This core network encompasses key PD-associated pathways, including ubiquitination, mitochondrial function, protein processing, RNA metabolism, and vesicular transport. Proteomics analysis showed a consistent alteration in proteins of dopamine metabolism, indicating a defect of dopaminergic metabolism in PINK1-ILE368ASN neurons. Our findings suggest the existence of a network onto which pathways associated with PD pathology converge, and offers an inclusive interpretation of the phenotypic heterogeneity of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Novak
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Dimitrios Kyriakis
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kamil Grzyb
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Michela Bernini
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Rodius
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Steven Finkbeiner
- Center for Systems and Therapeutics, the Gladstone Institutes and Departments of Neurology and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alexander Skupin
- The Integrative Cell Signalling Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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23
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Guo J, Chiang WC. Mitophagy in aging and longevity. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:296-316. [PMID: 34889504 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The clearance of damaged or unwanted mitochondria by autophagy (also known as mitophagy) is a mitochondrial quality control mechanism postulated to play an essential role in cellular homeostasis, metabolism, and development and confers protection against a wide range of diseases. Proper removal of damaged or unwanted mitochondria is essential for organismal health. Defects in mitophagy are associated with Parkinson's, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and other degenerative disorders. Mitochondria regulate organismal fitness and longevity via multiple pathways, including cellular senescence, stem cell function, inflammation, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR), and bioenergetics. Thus, mitophagy is postulated to be pivotal for maintaining organismal healthspan and lifespan and the protection against aged-related degeneration. In this review, we will summarize recent understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy and aspects of mitochondrial functions. We will focus on mitochondria-related cellular processes that are linked to aging and examine current genetic evidence that supports the hypothesis that mitophagy is a pro-longevity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Chiang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Cuadrado-Tejedor M, Pérez-González M, Alfaro-Ruiz R, Badesso S, Sucunza D, Espelosin M, Ursúa S, Lachen-Montes M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Luján R, García-Osta A. Amyloid-Driven Tau Accumulation on Mitochondria Potentially Leads to Cognitive Deterioration in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111950. [PMID: 34769380 PMCID: PMC8584544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the well-accepted role of the two main neuropathological markers (β-amyloid and tau) in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease, the interaction and specific contribution of each of them is not fully elucidated. To address this question, in the present study, an adeno-associated virus (AAV9) carrying the mutant P301L form of human tau, was injected into the dorsal hippocampi of APP/PS1 transgenic mice or wild type mice (WT). Three months after injections, memory tasks, biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. We found that the overexpression of hTauP301L accelerates memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice, but it did not affect memory function of WT mice. Likewise, biochemical assays showed that only in the case of APP/PS1-hTauP301L injected mice, an important accumulation of tau was observed in the insoluble urea fraction. Similarly, electron microscopy images revealed that numerous clusters of tau immunoparticles appear at the dendrites of APP/PS1 injected mice and not in WT animals, suggesting that the presence of amyloid is necessary to induce tau aggregation. Interestingly, these tau immunoparticles accumulate in dendritic mitochondria in the APP/PS1 mice, whereas most of mitochondria in WT injected mice remain free of tau immunoparticles. Taken together, it seems that amyloid induces tau aggregation and accumulation in the dendritic mitochondria and subsequently may alter synapse function, thus, contributing to accelerate cognitive decline in APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Cuadrado-Tejedor
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.C.-T.); (A.G.-O.)
| | - Marta Pérez-González
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Department Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (R.A.-R.); (R.L.)
| | - Sara Badesso
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diego Sucunza
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
| | - María Espelosin
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
| | - Susana Ursúa
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
| | - Mercedes Lachen-Montes
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
| | - Rafael Luján
- Synaptic Structure Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), Department Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (R.A.-R.); (R.L.)
| | - Ana García-Osta
- Neurosciences Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.P.-G.); (S.B.); (M.E.); (S.U.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.-T.); (A.G.-O.)
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25
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Belser M, Walker DW. Role of Prohibitins in Aging and Therapeutic Potential Against Age-Related Diseases. Front Genet 2021; 12:714228. [PMID: 34868199 PMCID: PMC8636131 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.714228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in mitochondrial function has long been associated with age-related health decline. Several lines of evidence suggest that interventions that stimulate mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) can slow aging and prolong healthy lifespan. Prohibitins (PHB1 and PHB2) assemble at the mitochondrial inner membrane and are critical for mitochondrial homeostasis. In addition, prohibitins (PHBs) have diverse roles in cell and organismal biology. Here, we will discuss the role of PHBs in mitophagy, oxidative phosphorylation, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. We will also discuss the role of PHBs in modulating lifespan. In addition, we will review the links between PHBs and diseases of aging. Finally, we will discuss the emerging concept that PHBs may represent an attractive therapeutic target to counteract aging and age-onset disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Belser
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David W. Walker
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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26
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Selective targeting of the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway reduces α-synuclein spreading in vitro and in vivo. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5382. [PMID: 34508096 PMCID: PMC8433339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathways to control the spreading of α-synuclein (α-syn) and associated neuropathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are unclear. Here, we show that preformed α-syn fibrils (PFF) increase the association between TLR2 and MyD88, resulting in microglial activation. The TLR2-interaction domain of MyD88 (wtTIDM) peptide-mediated selective inhibition of TLR2 reduces PFF-induced microglial inflammation in vitro. In PFF-seeded A53T mice, the nasal administration of the wtTIDM peptide, NEMO-binding domain (wtNBD) peptide, or genetic deletion of TLR2 reduces glial inflammation, decreases α-syn spreading, and protects dopaminergic neurons by inhibiting NF-κB. In summary, α-syn spreading depends on the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and it can be reduced by nasal delivery of wtTIDM and wtNBD peptides. The mechanisms underlying the spreading of α-synuclein in various α-synucleinopathies are unclear. Here, the authors show that targeting the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway can reduce α-synuclein spreading, reduce neuroinflammation, and protect dopaminergic neurons in vitro and in mouse models
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27
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Himalian R, Singh SK, Singh MP. Ameliorative Role of Nutraceuticals on Neurodegenerative Diseases Using the Drosophila melanogaster as a Discovery Model to Define Bioefficacy. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:511-539. [PMID: 34125661 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1904305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is the destruction of neurons, and once the neurons degenerate they can't revive. This is one of the most concerned health conditions among aged population, more than ∼70% of the elderly people are suffering from neurodegeneration. Among all of the neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Poly-glutamine disease (Poly-Q) are the major one and affecting most of the people around the world and posing excessive burden on the society. In order to understand this disease in non-human animal models it is pertinent to examine in model organism and various animal model are being used for such diseases like rat, mice and non-vertebrate model like Drosophila. Drosophila melanogaster is one of the best animal proven by several eminent scientist and had received several Nobel prizes for uncovering mechanism of human related genes and highly efficient model for studying neurodegenerative diseases due to its great affinity with human disease-related genes. Another factor is also employed to act as therapeutic or preventive method that is nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals are functional natural compounds with antioxidant properties and had extensively showed the neuroprotective effect in different organisms. These nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties act through scavenging free radicals or by increasing endogenous cellular antioxidant defense molecules. For the best benefit, we are trying to utilize these nutraceuticals, which will have no or negligible side effects. In this review, we are dealing with various types of such nutraceuticals which have potent value in the prevention and curing of the diseases related to neurodegeneration.HighlightsNeurodegeneration is the silently progressing disease which shows its symptoms when it is well rooted.Many chemical drugs (almost all) have only symptomatic relief with side effects.Potent mechanism of neurodegeneration and improvement effect by nutraceuticals is proposed.Based on the Indian Cuisine scientists are trying to find the medicine from the food or food components having antioxidant properties.The best model to study the neurodegenerative diseases is Drosophila melanogaster.Many nutraceuticals having antioxidant properties have been studied and attenuated various diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Himalian
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Indian Scientific Education and Technology (ISET) Foundation, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra Pratap Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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28
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Dutta D, Majumder M, Paidi RK, Pahan K. Alleviation of Huntington pathology in mice by oral administration of food additive glyceryl tribenzoate. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 153:105318. [PMID: 33636386 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by accumulation of mutant huntingtin protein and significant loss of neurons in striatum and cortex. Along with motor difficulties, the HD patients also manifest anxiety and loss of cognition. Unfortunately, the clinically approved drugs only offer symptomatic relief and are not free from side effects. This study underlines the importance of glyceryl tribenzoate (GTB), an FDA-approved food flavoring ingredient, in alleviating HD pathology in transgenic N171-82Q mouse model. Oral administration of GTB significantly reduced mutant huntingtin level in striatum, motor cortex as well as hippocampus and increased the integrity of viable neurons. Furthermore, we found the presence of sodium benzoate (NaB), a FDA-approved drug for urea cycle disorders and glycine encephalopathy, in the brain of GTB-fed HD mice. Accordingly, NaB administration also markedly decreased huntingtin level in striatum and cortex. Glial activation is found to coincide with neuronal death in affected regions of HD brains. Interestingly, both GTB and NaB treatment suppressed activation of glial cells and inflammation in the brain. Finally, neuroprotective effect of GTB and NaB resulted in improved motor performance of HD mice. Collectively, these results suggest that GTB and NaB may be repurposed for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Dutta
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Moumita Majumder
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Ramesh Kumar Paidi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA; Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA.
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29
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Wang X, Ding D, Wu L, Jiang T, Wu C, Ge Y, Guo X. PHB blocks endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis induced by MPTP/MPP + in PD models. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101922. [PMID: 33581266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ample empirical evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Prohibitin (PHB), a mitochondrial inner-membrane protein involved in mitochondrial homeostasis and function, may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. We investigated the functional role of PHB in mitochondrial biogenesis and ER stress in methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +)-induced in vivo and in vitro models of PD. The overexpression of PHB in SH-SY5Y cells block ed cell death and the apoptosis induced by MPP + incubation. PHB also block ed the activation of ER stress markers, including glucose-regulated protein 78, while increasing the expression of Xbox- binding protein 1 and caspase-12. Moreover, the intracerebroventricular administration of the PHB overexpression vector greatly block ed motor dysfunction and the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-mediated neurodegeneration in the mouse model of PD. The production of reactive oxygen species, ER stress, and autophagic stress induced by MPTP were also significantly block ed in PD mice overexpressing PHB. Our results suggest that PHB blocks the dopaminergic-neuron depletion by preserving mitochondrial function and inhibiting ER stress. The genetic manipulation of PHB may feature potential as a treatment for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA ResearchNoncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, YangZhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Dongyi Ding
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA ResearchNoncoding RNA Center, Yangzhou University, YangZhou 225001, China
| | - Lei Wu
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Tianlin Jiang
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Chenghao Wu
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yue Ge
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
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30
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Novel Nasal Epithelial Cell Markers of Parkinson's Disease Identified Using Cells Treated with α-Synuclein Preformed Fibrils. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072128. [PMID: 32640699 PMCID: PMC7408990 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, characterized by olfactory dysfunction in the early stages. α-Synuclein pathologies in the olfactory organs are shown to spread to the brain through the nose-brain axis. We first developed a nasal epithelial PD cellular model by treating RPMI-2650 cells with α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFF). Upon uptake of PFF, RPMI-2650 cells showed mitochondrial proteome alteration and downregulation of parkin, which has previously been identified as a nasal biomarker of PD. Functional cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes in RPMI-2650 cells revealed various pathways affected by α-synuclein pathology, including the detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception, olfactory receptor activity, and sensory perception of smell. Among genes that were most affected, we validated, by real-time quantitative PCR, the downregulation of MAP3K8, OR10A4, GRM2, OR51B6, and OR9A2, as well as upregulation of IFIT1B, EPN1, OR1D5, LCN, and OTOL1 in PFF-treated RPMI-2650 cells. Subsequent analyses of clinical samples showed a downregulation of OR10A4 and OR9A2 transcripts and an upregulation of IFIT1B in cells isolated from the nasal fluid of PD patients, as compared to those from the controls (cutoff value = 0.5689 for OR9A2, with 72.4% sensitivity and 75% specificity, and 1.4658 for IFIT1B, with 81.8% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity). Expression levels of these nasal PD markers were not altered in nasal fluid cells from SWEDD (scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits) patients with PD-like motor symptoms. These nasal markers were significantly altered in patients of PD with hyposmia compared to the control hyposmic subjects. Our results validated the α-synuclein-treated nasal epithelial cell model to identify novel biomarkers for PD and suggest the utility of olfactory transcripts, along with olfactory dysfunction, in the diagnosis of PD.
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Wu HH, Chen CJ, Lin PY, Liu YH. Involvement of prohibitin 1 and prohibitin 2 upregulation in cBSA-induced podocyte cytotoxicity. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 28:183-194. [PMID: 31883607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, when not effectively treated. The aim of this study was to discover new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of MN. A reliable mouse model of MN was used by the administration of cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA). Mice with MN exhibited proteinuria, histopathological changes, and accumulation of immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane. Label-free proteomics analysis was performed to identify changes in protein expression, and the overexpressed proteins were evaluated. There were 273 proteins that showed significantly different expression in mice with MN, as compared to the controls. String analysis showed that functions related to cellular catabolic processes were downregulated in MN. Among the differentially expressed proteins, prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) were upregulated in the kidneys of mice with MN, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and this upregulation was observed in both the tubular cells and glomeruli. Both shRNA-mediated knockdown of PHB1 or PHB2 inhibited tumor suppressor p53 expression and significantly promoted podocyte proliferation. In addition, both PHB1 and PHB2 were responsible for cBSA-induced cytotoxicity. Microarray analysis further revealed that the upregulation of PHB1 and PHB2 may be due to a blockage of proteasome activity. These data demonstrate that the upregulation of PHB2 is involved in cBSA-mediated podocyte cytotoxicity, which may lead to MN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Hsiung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Huei Liu
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Proteomics in Human Parkinson’s Disease: Present Scenario and Future Directions. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:901-915. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00700-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lachen-Montes M, González-Morales A, Palomino M, Ausin K, Gómez-Ochoa M, Zelaya MV, Ferrer I, Pérez-Mediavilla A, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E. Early-Onset Molecular Derangements in the Olfactory Bulb of Tg2576 Mice: Novel Insights Into the Stress-Responsive Olfactory Kinase Dynamics in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:141. [PMID: 31244650 PMCID: PMC6579864 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first processing station in the olfactory pathway. Despite smell impairment, which is considered an early event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), little is known about the initial molecular disturbances that accompany the AD development at olfactory level. We have interrogated the time-dependent OB molecular landscape in Tg2576 AD mice prior to the appearance of neuropathological amyloid plaques (2-, and 6-month-old), using combinatorial omics analysis. The metabolic modulation induced by overproduction of human mutated amyloid precursor protein (APP) clearly differs between both time points. Besides the progressive perturbation of the APP interactome, functional network analysis unveiled an inverse regulation of downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) routes in 2-month-old Tg2576 mice with respect to wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, Akt and MAPK kinase 4 (SEK1)/ stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) axis were parallel activated in the OB of 6-months-old-Tg2576 mice. Furthermore, a survival kinome profiling performed during the aging process (2-, 6-, and 18-month-old) revealed that olfactory APP overexpression leads to changes in the activation dynamics of protein kinase A (PKA), and SEK1/MKK4-SAPK/JNK between 6 and 18 months of age, when memory deficits appear and AD pathology is well established in transgenic mice. Interestingly, both olfactory pathways were differentially activated in a stage-dependent manner in human sporadic AD subjects with different neuropathological grading. Taken together, our data reflect the early impact of mutated APP on the OB molecular homeostasis, highlighting the progressive modulation of specific signaling pathways during the olfactory amyloidogenic pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Lachen-Montes
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII Proteomics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrea González-Morales
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII Proteomics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maialen Palomino
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karina Ausin
- Proteored-ISCIII Proteomics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Ochoa
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Victoria Zelaya
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Institut de Neuropatologia, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Pérez-Mediavilla
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Biochemistry, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Neurosciences Division, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII Proteomics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII Proteomics Unit, NavarraBiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Liu S, Zhou Z, Zhang L, Meng S, Li S, Wang X. Inhibition of SIRT2 by Targeting GSK3β-Mediated Phosphorylation Alleviates SIRT2 Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:148. [PMID: 31105527 PMCID: PMC6492038 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the inhibition of SIRT2 rescues α-synuclein toxicity in a cellular model of PD. Recent studies have focused on identifying inhibitors of SIRT2, but little is known about the processes that directly regulate its function. GSK3β is a serine/threonine protein kinase that affects a wide range of biological functions, and it is localized in Lewy bodies (LBs). Therefore, we investigated whether SIRT2 is regulated by GSK3β and enhances cell death in PD. In the present study, Western blot showed that total SIRT2 levels did not change noticeably in a cellular model of PD but that SIRT2 phosphorylation was increased, and GSK3β activity was elevated. In addition, mass spectrometry (MS) studies indicated that SIRT2 was phosphorylated by GSK3β at three specific sites. Phospho- or dephospho-mimicking studies demonstrated that this postmodification (phosphorylation) increased SIRT2 toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Collectively, our findings identify a posttranslational mechanism that controls SIRT2 function in PD and provide evidence for a novel regulatory pathway involving GSK3β, SIRT2, and α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuji Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Signorile A, Sgaramella G, Bellomo F, De Rasmo D. Prohibitins: A Critical Role in Mitochondrial Functions and Implication in Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8010071. [PMID: 30669391 PMCID: PMC6356732 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) are proteins that are ubiquitously expressed, and are present in the nucleus, cytosol, and mitochondria. Depending on the cellular localization, PHB1 and PHB2 have distinctive functions, but more evidence suggests a critical role within mitochondria. In fact, PHB proteins are highly expressed in cells that heavily depend on mitochondrial function. In mitochondria, these two proteins assemble at the inner membrane to form a supra-macromolecular structure, which works as a scaffold for proteins and lipids regulating mitochondrial metabolism, including bioenergetics, biogenesis, and dynamics in order to determine the cell fate, death, or life. PHB alterations have been found in aging and cancer, as well as neurodegenerative, cardiac, and kidney diseases, in which significant mitochondrial impairments have been observed. The molecular mechanisms by which prohibitins regulate mitochondrial function and their role in pathology are reviewed and discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Signorile
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Sgaramella
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Viale F. De Blasio, 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellomo
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Rare Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale di S. Paolo, 15, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico De Rasmo
- Institute of Biomembrane, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Significance of prohibitin domain family in tumorigenesis and its implication in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:580. [PMID: 29784973 PMCID: PMC5962566 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) was originally isolated and characterized as an anti-proliferative gene in rat liver. The evolutionarily conserved PHB gene encodes two human protein isoforms with molecular weights of ~33 kDa, PHB1 and PHB2. PHB1 and PHB2 belong to the prohibitin domain family, and both are widely distributed in different cellular compartments such as the mitochondria, nucleus, and cell membrane. Most studies have confirmed differential expression of PHB1 and PHB2 in cancers compared to corresponding normal tissues. Furthermore, studies verified that PHB1 and PHB2 are involved in the biological processes of tumorigenesis, including cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Two small molecule inhibitors, Rocaglamide (RocA) and fluorizoline, derived from medicinal plants, were demonstrated to interact directly with PHB1 and thus inhibit the interaction of PHB with Raf-1, impeding Raf-1/ERK signaling cascades and significantly suppressing cancer cell metastasis. In addition, a short peptide ERAP and a natural product xanthohumol were shown to target PHB2 directly and prohibit cancer progression in estrogen-dependent cancers. As more efficient biomarkers and targets are urgently needed for cancer diagnosis and treatment, here we summarize the functional role of prohibitin domain family proteins, focusing on PHB1 and PHB2 in tumorigenesis and cancer development, with the expectation that targeting the prohibitin domain family will offer more clues for cancer therapy.
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Raju A, Jaisankar P, Borah A, Mohanakumar KP. 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium-Induced Death of Differentiated SH-SY5Y Neurons Is Potentiated by Cholesterol. Ann Neurosci 2017; 24:243-251. [PMID: 29849448 DOI: 10.1159/000481551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Hypercholesterolemia is recently considered a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), the most consistent neurodegenerative movement disorder. The study aimed to investigate the effect of exogenous cholesterol on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) parkinsonian neurotoxin-induced cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and dopaminergic deficiency in a cellular model of PD. Methods Cholesterol (50 μM) when added in the culture media alone or in combination with MPP+ was studied in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. There were 4 groups that were studied; SH-SY5Y cells treated with vehicle (control), cells that were treated with 1 mM MPP+ (MPP+), or cholesterol (chol) or both (M + chol). The loss of cell survival was measured by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Dopamine depletion, microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neuronal loss were determined by HPLC-electrochemical detection and TH immunocytochemistry respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential in cells stained by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester dye was analysed by flow cytometry. Results Cholesterol treatment potentiated a reduction of neuronal viability with loss of TH-positive neurons in cultures. MPP+-induced depletion of dopamine level in the post-mitotic MAP-2 immunoreactive neurons and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential were also heightened by cholesterol. Conclusion Apparently, changes in neuronal cholesterol content significantly influenced the neurotoxicity and the direct mitochondrial mechanisms involved in MPP+-induced cell death. Our observations demonstrate that high cholesterol incorporated into the differentiated human neuroblastoma cells worsened dopaminergic neuronal survivability through increased depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, which is a known mechanism of dopaminergic cell death by MPP+. The present findings support the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia could be a risk factor for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Raju
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, Kolkata, India.,Division of Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Parasuram Jaisankar
- Division of Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR Campus, CSIR Road, Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Kochupurackal Parameswarannayar Mohanakumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, Kolkata, India.,Division of Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India.,Inter University Centre for Biomedical Research and Super Speciality Hospital (IUCBR and SSH), Mahatma Gandhi University Campus at Thalappady, Kottayam, India
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38
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Tien LT, Lee YJ, Pang Y, Lu S, Lee JW, Tseng CH, Bhatt AJ, Savich RD, Fan LW. Neuroprotective Effects of Intranasal IGF-1 against Neonatal Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neurobehavioral Deficits and Neuronal Inflammation in the Substantia Nigra and Locus Coeruleus of Juvenile Rats. Dev Neurosci 2017; 39:443-459. [PMID: 28787734 PMCID: PMC5799046 DOI: 10.1159/000477898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure-induced brain inflammation resulted in motor dysfunction and brain dopaminergic neuronal injury, and increased the risks of neurodegenerative disorders in adult rats. Our previous studies showed that intranasal administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) protects against LPS-induced white matter injury in the developing rat brain. To further examine whether IGF-1 protects against LPS-induced brain neuronal injury and neurobehavioral dysfunction, recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1) at a dose of 50 µg/pup was administered intranasally 1 h following intracerebral injection of LPS (1 mg/kg) in postnatal day 5 (P5) Sprague-Dawley rat pups. Neurobehavioral tests were carried out from P7 to P21, and brain neuronal injury was examined at P21. Our results showed that LPS exposure resulted in disturbances of motor behaviors in juvenile rats. Moreover, LPS exposure caused injury to central catecholaminergic neurons, as indicated by a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA) and olfactory bulb (OB), and brain noradrenergic neurons, as indicated by a reduction of TH immunoreactivity in the locus coeruleus (LC) of the P21 rat brain. The LPS-induced reduction of TH+ cells was observed at a greater degree in the SN and LC of the P21 rat brain. Intranasal rhIGF-1 treatment attenuated LPS-induced central catecholaminergic neuronal injury and motor behavioral disturbances, including locomotion, beam walking test and gait analysis. Intranasal rhIGF-1 administration also attenuated LPS-induced elevation of IL-1β levels and numbers of activated microglia, and cyclooxygenase-2+ cells, which were double labeled with TH+ cells in the SN, VTA, OB and LC of the P21 rat brain. These results suggest that IGF-1 may provide protection against neonatal LPS exposure-induced central catecholaminergic neuronal injury and motor behavioral disturbances, and that the protective effects are associated with the inhibition of microglia activation and the reduction of neuronal oxidative stress by the suppression of the neuronal cyclooxygenase-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Tai Tien
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Jing Lee
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yi Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Silu Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Jonathan W Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Chih-Hsueh Tseng
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang Dist, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Abhay J Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Renate D Savich
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Lir-Wan Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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