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Martínez Duncker Rebolledo E, Chan D, Christensen KE, Reagan AM, Howell GR, Rozen R, Trasler J. Sperm DNA methylation defects in a new mouse model of the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T variant and correction with moderate dose folic acid supplementation. Mol Hum Reprod 2024; 30:gaae008. [PMID: 38366926 PMCID: PMC10980591 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is an enzyme that plays a key role in providing methyl groups for DNA methylation, including during spermatogenesis. A common genetic variant in humans (MTHFR 677C>T) results in reduced enzyme activity and has been linked to various disorders, including male infertility. A new animal model has been created by reproducing the human equivalent of the polymorphism in mice using CRISPR/Cas9. Biochemical parameters in the Mthfr 677TT mice recapitulate alterations found in MTHFR 677TT men. Our aims were to characterize the sperm DNA methylome of the Mthfr 677CC and TT mice on a control diet (2 mg folic acid/kg diet) and assess the effects of folic acid supplementation (10 mg/kg diet) on the sperm DNA methylome. Body and reproductive organ weights, testicular sperm counts, and histology were examined. DNA methylation in sperm was assessed using bisulfite pyrosequencing and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). Reproductive parameters and locus-specific imprinted gene methylation were unaffected by genotype or diet. Using WGBS, sperm from 677TT mice had 360 differentially methylated tiles as compared to 677CC mice, predominantly hypomethylation (60% of tiles). Folic acid supplementation mostly caused hypermethylation in sperm of males of both genotypes and was found to partially correct the DNA methylation alterations in sperm associated with the TT genotype. The new mouse model will be useful in understanding the role of MTHFR deficiency in male fertility and in designing folate supplementation regimens for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Martínez Duncker Rebolledo
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Donovan Chan
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Rima Rozen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Montreal, QC, Canada
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D'Alessandro A, Lukens JR, Zimring JC. The role of PIMT in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: A novel hypothesis. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5296-5302. [PMID: 37157118 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
There are multiple theories of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. One major theory is that oxidation of amyloid beta (Aβ) promotes plaque deposition that directly contributes to pathology. A competing theory is that hypomethylation of DNA (due to altered one carbon metabolism) results in pathology through altered gene regulation. Herein, we propose a novel hypothesis involving L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) that unifies the Aβ and DNA hypomethylation hypotheses into a single model. Importantly, the proposed model allows bidirectional regulation of Aβ oxidation and DNA hypomethylation. The proposed hypothesis does not exclude simultaneous contributions by other mechanisms (e.g., neurofibrillary tangles). The new hypothesis is formulated to encompass oxidative stress, fibrillation, DNA hypomethylation, and metabolic perturbations in one carbon metabolism (i.e., methionine and folate cycles). In addition, deductive predictions of the hypothesis are presented both to guide empirical testing of the hypothesis and to provide candidate strategies for therapeutic intervention and/or nutritional modification. HIGHLIGHTS: PIMT repairs L-isoaspartyl groups on amyloid beta and decreases fibrillation. SAM is a common methyl donor for PIMT and DNA methyltransferases. Increased PIMT activity competes with DNA methylation and vice versa. The PIMT hypothesis bridges a gap between plaque and DNA methylation hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John R Lukens
- Carter Immunology Center and Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia Departments of Pathology and Neuroscience, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - James C Zimring
- Carter Immunology Center and Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia Departments of Pathology and Neuroscience, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Xiao QY, Ye TY, Wang XL, Qi DM, Cheng XR. Effects of Qi-Fu-Yin on aging of APP/PS1 transgenic mice by regulating the intestinal microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1048513. [PMID: 36710967 PMCID: PMC9880330 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1048513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and closely related to aging. Qi-Fu-Yin is widely used to treat dementia, but its anti-aging effects is unknown. Methods We used 11-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic mice for behavioral tests to observe the changes in cognitive function and age-related symptoms after Qi-Fu-Yin treatment. Fecal samples were collected for 16sRNA sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. Differences among the groups of intestinal microbiota and the associations with aging and intestinal microbiota were analyzed based on the results. Results Here we found that Qi-Fu-Yin improved the ability of motor coordination, raised survival rate and prolonged the survival days under cold stress stimulation in aged APP/ PS1 transgenic mice. Our data from 16sRNA and metagenomic sequencing showed that at the Family level, the intestinal microbiota was significantly different among wild-type mice, APP/PS1 transgenic mice and the Qi-Fu-Yin group by PCA analysis. Importantly, Qi-Fu-Yin improved the functional diversity of the major KEGG pathways, carbohydrate-active enzymes, and major virulence factors in the intestinal flora of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Among them, the functions of eight carbohydrate-active enzymes (GT2_Glycos_transf_2, GT4, GT41, GH2, CE1, CE10, CE3, and GH24) and the functions of top three virulence factors (defensive virulence factors, offensive virulence factors and nonspecific virulence factors) were significantly and positively correlated with the level of grasping ability. We further indicated that the Qi-Fu-Yin significantly reduced the plasma levels of IL-6. Conclusion Our results indicated that the effects of Qi-Fu-Yin anti-aging of APP/PS1 transgenic mice might be through the regulation of intestinal flora diversity, species richness and the function of major active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-yue Xiao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tian-yuan Ye
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-long Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dong-mei Qi
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-rui Cheng
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-rui Cheng,
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Bouguerra K, Tazir M, Melouli H, Khelil M. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C genetic polymorphisms and plasma homocysteine in Alzheimer's disease in an Algerian population. Int J Neurosci 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36580407 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2158825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is multifactorial. The most important challenge of research is the identification of potential biomarkers associated with AD pathogenesis that may significantly contribute to early diagnosis of the disease. We aim to explore an eventual association of the C677T and A1298C genetic polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene with AD risk in an Algerian population. METHODS This case-control study involved comparing a group of 106 patients that had developed AD to another group of 104 non-demented individuals. The MTHFR genotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP method. Additionally, the homocysteine level was evaluated. RESULTS Genotypes analysis did not show an association for both MTHFR677CT and 677TT variants with AD risk (OR = 1.12; p = 0.66; OR = 1.76; p = 0.09) respectively. As expected, the 677CC wild type genotype showed a protective role against AD (OR = 0.52; p = 0.03). For 1298AC MTHFR variant, the distribution of different genotypes did not show a statistical significant difference between the two cohorts. However the silmutaneous carrier, CT/AC presented association with AD (OR = 5.96; p = 0.05). On the other hand, carrier-state of MTHFR T allele showed a relationship with AD (OR = 1.98; p = 0.02). Additionally, hyperhomocysteinemia seems to be a risk factor for AD (OR = 1.08; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our exploration reveals that the silmutaneous carrier, CT/AC, carrier-state of MTHFR T allele, and hyperhomocysteinemia seem to be risk factors for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Bouguerra
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algérie
| | - Meriem Tazir
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Mustapha Bacha, Alger, Algérie
| | - Hamid Melouli
- Service virus et oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, Alger, Algérie
| | - Malika Khelil
- Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algérie
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Reagan AM, Christensen KE, Graham LC, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Figueiredo LL, Persohn SC, Bottiglieri T, Nho K, Sasner M, Territo PR, Rozen R, Howell GR. The 677C > T variant in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase causes morphological and functional cerebrovascular deficits in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:2333-2350. [PMID: 36050860 PMCID: PMC9670012 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221122644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) particularly Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) are increasing; however, mechanisms driving cerebrovascular decline are poorly understood. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a critical enzyme in the folate and methionine cycles. Variants in MTHFR, notably 677 C > T, are associated with dementias, but no mouse model existed to identify mechanisms by which MTHFR677C > T increases risk. Therefore, MODEL-AD created a novel knock-in (KI) strain carrying the Mthfr677C > T allele on the C57BL/6J background (Mthfr677C > T) to characterize morphology and function perturbed by the variant. Consistent with human clinical data, Mthfr677C > T mice have reduced enzyme activity in the liver and elevated plasma homocysteine levels. MTHFR enzyme activity is also reduced in the Mthfr677C > T brain. Mice showed reduced tissue perfusion in numerous brain regions by PET/CT as well as significantly reduced vascular density, pericyte number and increased GFAP-expressing astrocytes in frontal cortex. Electron microscopy revealed cerebrovascular damage including endothelial and pericyte apoptosis, reduced luminal size, and increased astrocyte and microglial presence in the microenvironment. Collectively, these data support a mechanism by which variations in MTHFR perturb cerebrovascular health laying the foundation to incorporate our new Mthfr677C > T mouse model in studies examining genetic susceptibility for cerebrovascular dysfunction in ADRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University,
Research Institute of the Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Amanda A Bedwell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kierra Eldridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rachael Speedy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lucas L Figueiredo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Scott C Persohn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor
Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School
of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Paul R Territo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology,
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University,
Research Institute of the Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School
of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering,
University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Gomes FDC, Santos IBF, Stephani CM, Ferrari MDFR, Galvis-Alonso OY, Goloni-Bertollo EM, Melo-Neto JSD, Pavarino ÉC. Vitamin D3 supplementation may attenuate morphological and molecular abnormalities of the olfactory bulb in a mouse model of Down syndrome. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Oblak AL, Kotredes KP, Pandey RS, Reagan AM, Ingraham C, Perkins B, Lloyd C, Baker D, Lin PB, Soni DM, Tsai AP, Persohn SA, Bedwell AA, Eldridge K, Speedy R, Meyer JA, Peters JS, Figueiredo LL, Sasner M, Territo PR, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Carter GW, Lamb BT, Howell GR. Plcg2M28L Interacts With High Fat/High Sugar Diet to Accelerate Alzheimer’s Disease-Relevant Phenotypes in Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:886575. [PMID: 35813947 PMCID: PMC9263289 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.886575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studies have supported the notion that obesity accelerates AD-related pathophysiology in mouse models of AD. The majority of studies, to date, have focused on the use of early-onset AD models. Here, we evaluate the impact of genetic risk factors on late-onset AD (LOAD) in mice fed with a high fat/high sugar diet (HFD). We focused on three mouse models created through the IU/JAX/PITT MODEL-AD Center. These included a combined risk model with APOE4 and a variant in triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2R47H). We have termed this model, LOAD1. Additional variants including the M28L variant in phospholipase C Gamma 2 (Plcg2M28L) and the 677C > T variant in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (Mthfr677C >T) were engineered by CRISPR onto LOAD1 to generate LOAD1.Plcg2M28L and LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T. At 2 months of age, animals were placed on an HFD that induces obesity or a control diet (CD), until 12 months of age. Throughout the study, blood was collected to assess the levels of cholesterol and glucose. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was completed prior to sacrifice to image for glucose utilization and brain perfusion. After the completion of the study, blood and brains were collected for analysis. As expected, animals fed a HFD, showed a significant increase in body weight compared to those fed a CD. Glucose increased as a function of HFD in females only with cholesterol increasing in both sexes. Interestingly, LOAD1.Plcg2M28L demonstrated an increase in microglia density and alterations in regional brain glucose and perfusion on HFD. These changes were not observed in LOAD1 or LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T animals fed with HFD. Furthermore, LOAD1.Plcg2M28L but not LOAD1.Mthfr677C >T or LOAD1 animals showed transcriptomics correlations with human AD modules. Our results show that HFD affects the brain in a genotype-specific manner. Further insight into this process may have significant implications for the development of lifestyle interventions for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Oblak
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Adrian L. Oblak,
| | | | - Ravi S. Pandey
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | | | - Cynthia Ingraham
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Bridget Perkins
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Christopher Lloyd
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Deborah Baker
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Disha M. Soni
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Scott A. Persohn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amanda A. Bedwell
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kierra Eldridge
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Rachael Speedy
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jill A. Meyer
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Johnathan S. Peters
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lucas L. Figueiredo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Stacey J. Sukoff Rizzo
- Department of Medicine, Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
- Gareth R. Howell,
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Reagan AM, Onos KD, Heuer SE, Sasner M, Howell GR. Improving mouse models for the study of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 148:79-113. [PMID: 35461569 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease whose risk is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Although a number of pathological hallmarks have been extensively studied over the last several decades, a complete picture of disease initiation and progression remains unclear. We now understand that numerous cell types and systems are involved in AD pathogenesis, and that this cellular profile may present differently for each individual, making the creation of relevant mouse models challenging. However, with increasingly diverse data made available by genome-wide association studies, we can identify and examine new genes and pathways involved in genetic risk for AD, many of which involve vascular health and inflammation. When developing mouse models, it is critical to assess (1) an aging timeline that represents onset and progression in humans, (2) genetic variants and context, (3) environmental factors present in human populations that result in both neuropathological and functional changes-themes that we address in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah E Heuer
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States; Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States; Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States.
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Xiang J, Meng X, Zhao Y, Wu FX, Li M. HyMM: hybrid method for disease-gene prediction by integrating multiscale module structure. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6547263. [PMID: 35275996 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Identifying disease-related genes is an important issue in computational biology. Module structure widely exists in biomolecule networks, and complex diseases are usually thought to be caused by perturbations of local neighborhoods in the networks, which can provide useful insights for the study of disease-related genes. However, the mining and effective utilization of the module structure is still challenging in such issues as a disease gene prediction. RESULTS We propose a hybrid disease-gene prediction method integrating multiscale module structure (HyMM), which can utilize multiscale information from local to global structure to more effectively predict disease-related genes. HyMM extracts module partitions from local to global scales by multiscale modularity optimization with exponential sampling, and estimates the disease relatedness of genes in partitions by the abundance of disease-related genes within modules. Then, a probabilistic model for integration of gene rankings is designed in order to integrate multiple predictions derived from multiscale module partitions and network propagation, and a parameter estimation strategy based on functional information is proposed to further enhance HyMM's predictive power. By a series of experiments, we reveal the importance of module partitions at different scales, and verify the stable and good performance of HyMM compared with eight other state-of-the-arts and its further performance improvement derived from the parameter estimation. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that HyMM is an effective framework for integrating multiscale module structure to enhance the ability to predict disease-related genes, which may provide useful insights for the study of the multiscale module structure and its application in such issues as a disease-gene prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences & Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Xiangmao Meng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yichao Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Fang-Xiang Wu
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Min Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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10
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Rai V, Kumar P. Relation Between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) and Migraine Susceptibility. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 37:3-17. [PMID: 35125689 PMCID: PMC8799834 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-021-01000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a neurological disorder which impairs the patient's quality of life. Several association studies investigating the association between MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and susceptibility to migraine were published. But the results were conflicting, so authors performed a meta-analysis of published case control studies to find out the exact association between MTHFR polymorphism and migraine susceptibility. Four databases were searched for suitable studies up to December, 2018. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated adopting additive, homozygote, co-dominant, dominant, and recessive genetic models. Results of MTHFR C677T polymorphism studies meta-analysis showed significant association with migraine risk using allele contrast, homozygote, dominant and recessive genetic models (T vs. C: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00-1.26, p = 0.05; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.0-1.5, p = 0.04; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.97-1.07, p = 0.25; TT + CT vs. CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.0-1.29, p = 0.04; TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.28-3.42, p = 0.002). However, results of MTHFR A1298 polymorphism studies meta-analysis did not show any association with migraine. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity and migraine types i.e. migraine with aura (MA) and without aura (MO) were also performed. Results of present meta-analysis indicate overall association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism with migraine in total 24 studies, in Asian population and in MA cases but did not show any association with Caucasian population and MO cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Rai
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP 222 003 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, UP 222 003 India
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11
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Reffo A, Gabelli C. Hyperhomocysteinemia and Dementia Associated With Severe Cortical Atrophy, but No Amyloid Burden. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2022; 35:57-61. [PMID: 33461371 DOI: 10.1177/0891988720988910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a 77 years old patient who was admitted to our memory clinic because of progressive gait impairment and amnestic cognitive decline associated with extrapyramidal symptoms and behavioral changes. The clinical picture was consistent with a possible diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease associated with parkinsonian symptoms or with a Parkinson Plus syndrome. After a complete investigation, she was found to have a high plasma level of homocysteine due to homozygous methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C665 T polymorphism, cognitive and motor impairment were associated with a severe cortical atrophy and mild subcortical vascular disease. PET neuroimaging excluded a significant amyloid load. Clinically, she showed improvement of the movement disorder and functional status after folate integration plus levodopa and memantine administration. We concluded for a primary degenerative dementia with movement impairment associated with persistent hyperhomocysteinemia. We hypothesized that neurodegeneration is driven by mechanisms linked to homocysteine metabolism possibly associated with tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Reffo
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Gabelli
- Regionale Brain Aging Center, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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You M, Zhou X, Yin W, Wan K, Zhang W, Li C, Li M, Zhu W, Zhu X, Sun Z. The Influence of MTHFR Polymorphism on Gray Matter Volume in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:778123. [PMID: 34916904 PMCID: PMC8670096 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.778123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) represents a prodromal stage of dementia and involves a high risk of progression into AD. Although the effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on structural alterations in aMCI have been widely investigated, the effects of MTHFR C677T and interaction effects of MTHFR × APOE genotypes on gray matter atrophy in aMCI remain largely unknown. In the present study, 60 aMCI patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled, and voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to inspect the effects of diagnosis, different genotypes, and their interactions on gray matter atrophy. The results showed that aMCI patients had significant gray matter atrophy involving the bilateral hippocampus, the right parahippocampal gyrus, and the left superior temporal gyrus compared with healthy controls. Besides, a substantial reduction in gray matter volume was observed in the right hippocampus region in APOE ε4 carriers from the aMCI group, compared with APOE ε4 non-carriers. A significant interaction was found between diagnosis and MTHFR C677T genotype on the right precuneus in healthy controls and aMCI patients not carrying APOE ε4 allele. Our findings may provide new evidence substantiating the genetic effects of MTHFR C677T on brain structural alternation in patients with aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe You
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenwen Yin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Wan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenhao Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer susceptibility: Evidence from a meta-analysis. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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14
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DNA Methylation in Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312736. [PMID: 34884540 PMCID: PMC8657460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of cytosine in CpG dinucleotides is the major DNA modification in mammalian cells that is a key component of stable epigenetic marks. This modification, which on the one hand is reversible, while on the other hand, can be maintained through successive rounds of replication plays roles in gene regulation, genome maintenance, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and imprinting. Disturbed DNA methylation contributes to a wide array of human diseases from single-gene disorders to sporadic metabolic diseases or cancer. DNA methylation was also shown to affect several neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease (HD), a fatal, monogenic inherited disease. HD is caused by a polyglutamine repeat expansion in the Huntingtin protein that brings about a multifaceted pathogenesis affecting several cellular processes. Research of the last decade found complex, genome-wide DNA methylation changes in HD pathogenesis that modulate transcriptional activity and genome stability. This article reviews current evidence that sheds light on the role of DNA methylation in HD.
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Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Polymorphisms with Mild Cognitive Impairment Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Behav Neurol 2021; 2021:2962792. [PMID: 34580600 PMCID: PMC8464412 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2962792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (rs1801133) gene polymorphisms are related to a growing risk of Alzheimer's disease; however, whether this association applies to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclear. Objective We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the contribution of MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants to the risk of MCI. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from their inception to March 21, 2021, with language restricted to English or Chinese. We used fixed or random effects to examine the association between MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants and MCI susceptibility. Forest plots of pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated. Results Eight articles with 2,175 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. There was no significant association between MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants and MCI susceptibility under the allelic (OR, 1.318; 95% CI, 0.964–1.801; p = 0.084), dominant (OR, 1.296; 95% CI, 0.925–1.817; p = 0.132), recessive (OR, 1.397; 95% CI, 0.845–2.312; p = 0.193), heterozygous (OR, 1.031; 95% CI, 0.855–1.243; p = 0.749), or homozygous (OR, 1.506; 95% CI, 0.850–2.667; p = 0.160) models. Conclusion The results suggest that MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene polymorphisms are not associated with MCI susceptibility. However, large-scale studies covering various factors are required.
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Sutovsky S, Petrovic R, Fischerova M, Haverlikova V, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J, Turcani P. Allelic Distribution of Genes for Apolipoprotein E and MTHFR in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Their Epistatic Interaction. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 77:1095-1105. [PMID: 32804129 PMCID: PMC7683064 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Genetic risk factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the gene-gene interaction (epistasis) between specific allelic variants is only partially understood. Objective: In our study, we examined the presence of the ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and the presence of C677T and A1298C (rs1801133 and rs1801131) polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in patients with AD and controls. We also evaluated the epistatic interaction between MTHFR and the APOE variants. Methods: A total of 564 patients with AD and 534 cognitively unimpaired age-matched controls were involved in the study. Results: The presence of the ɛ4 allele of APOE increases the risk of developing AD in a dose-dependent manner (OR 32.7: homozygotes, 15.6: homozygotes + heterozygotes, 14.3: heterozygotes). The combination of genotypes also increases the risk of developing AD in a dose-dependent manner: OR 18.3 (APOE 4/X and 4/4 + CT rs1801133), OR 19.4 (APOE 4/X and 4/4 + CT rs1801133 + AC rs1801131), OR 22.4 (APOE 4/X and 4/4 + TT rs1801133), and OR 21.2 (APOE 4/X and 4/4 + CC rs1801131). Homozygotes for variant alleles of MTHFR as well as patients with AD had significantly higher levels of homocysteine than homozygotes for standard alleles or controls. Conclusion: Homozygotes for APOE4 and carriers of APOE4 with TT genotype of rs1801133 were found to be at the highest risk of developing AD. These findings suggest that the epistatic interaction of specific gene variants can have a significant effect on the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Sutovsky
- 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Robert Petrovic
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Fischerova
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viera Haverlikova
- Department of Didactics in Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Turcani
- 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Alcohol Dependence. Indian J Clin Biochem 2021; 36:257-265. [PMID: 34220001 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-020-00933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) enzyme catalyzes the metabolism of dopamine and other catechols in the brain. Several articles investigated catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism as risk factor for alcohol dependence (AD) but the results were inconclusive. The aim of present meta-analysis was to evaluate the association of Val158Met (COMT) polymorphism with AD. Authors performed keyword search of the 4 electronic databases-Pubmed, Google Scholar, Springer Link and Science Direct databases up to December 31, 2019. Total eighteen studies that investigated the association of Val158Met polymorphism with AD were retrieved. The pooled results from the meta-analysis (2278 AD cases and 3717 healthy controls) did not show association with AD using all 5 genetic models (allele contrast model: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.90-1.14, p = 0.03; homozygote model: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.81-1.38, p = 0.69; dominant model: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.85-1.14, p = 0.87; co-dominant model: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.86-1.11, p = 0.71; recessive model: OR = 1.05;95% CI = 0.85-1.29, p = 0.61). Results of subgroup analysis showed that Val158Met is not risk for AD in Asian and Caucasian population. In conclusion, COMT Val158Met is not a risk factor for alcohol dependence.
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Jiang Y, Xiao X, Wen Y, Wan M, Zhou L, Liu X, Wang X, Guo L, Liu H, Zhou Y, Wang J, Liao X, Shen L, Jiao B. Genetic effect of MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and A1793G polymorphisms on the age at onset, plasma homocysteine, and white matter lesions in Alzheimer's disease in the Chinese population. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11352-11362. [PMID: 33833133 PMCID: PMC8109119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Three polymorphisms in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene (C677T, A1298C, and A1793G) were reported associated with AD. However, their genotype distributions and associations with age at onset (AAO), homocysteine, and white matter lesions (WML) were unclear in the Chinese AD population. Method: We determined the presence of C677T, A1298C, and A1793G polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene using Sanger sequencing in a Chinese cohort comprising 721 AD patients (318 early-onset AD patients (EOAD) and 403 late-onset AD patients (LOAD)) and 365 elderly controls. Additionally, the homocysteine level and WML were evaluated in 121 AD patients. Results: The frequency of allele T of C677T polymorphism was significantly higher in AD patients than in controls (P = 0.040), while no statistical difference was observed in A1298C and A1793G (P > 0.05). Besides, genotype distributions of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms statistically varied between AD patients and controls (P = 0.021, P = 0.012). Moreover, the AAO was significantly lower in CT/TT (C677T) genotypes carriers (P = 0.042) and higher in AC/CC (A1298C) and AG/GG (A1793G) genotypes carriers (P = 0.034, P = 0.009) in patients with LOAD. We also found that patients with CT/TT (C677T) genotypes were prone to present an increased homocysteine level (P = 0.036) and higher Fazekas score (P = 0.024). In comparison, patients with AG/GG genotypes (A1793G) had a significantly lower Fazekas score (P = 0.013). Conclusions: The genotype distributions of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are associated with AD in the Chinese population. Moreover, AD patients with C677T polymorphism are prone to present an earlier onset, higher homocysteine level, and more severe WML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yafei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meidan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yafang Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Pierzchlińska A, Kwaśniak-Butowska M, Sławek J, Droździk M, Białecka M. Arterial Blood Pressure Variability and Other Vascular Factors Contribution to the Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061523. [PMID: 33802165 PMCID: PMC8001922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Unlike in Alzheimer’s disease, the vascular pathology in PD is less documented. Due to the uncertain role of commonly investigated metabolic or vascular factors, e.g., hypertension or diabetes, other factors corresponding to PD dementia have been proposed. Associated dysautonomia and dopaminergic treatment seem to have an impact on diurnal blood pressure (BP) variability, which may presumably contribute to white matter hyperintensities (WMH) development and cognitive decline. We aim to review possible vascular and metabolic factors: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), as well as the dopaminergic treatment, in the etiopathogenesis of PD dementia. Additionally, we focus on the role of polymorphisms within the genes for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), apolipoprotein E (APOE), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components, and their contribution to cognitive decline in PD. Determining vascular risk factors and their contribution to the cognitive impairment in PD may result in screening, as well as preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pierzchlińska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Magdalena Kwaśniak-Butowska
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland; (M.K.-B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Neurology, St Adalbert Hospital, Aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sławek
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland; (M.K.-B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Neurology, St Adalbert Hospital, Aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Droździk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Monika Białecka
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Aleja Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
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Leszek J, Mikhaylenko EV, Belousov DM, Koutsouraki E, Szczechowiak K, Kobusiak-Prokopowicz M, Mysiak A, Diniz BS, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Links between Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:152-169. [PMID: 32727331 PMCID: PMC8033981 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200729093724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The root cause of non-inherited Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown despite hundreds of research studies performed to attempt to solve this problem. Since proper prophylaxis remains the best strategy, many scientists have studied the risk factors that may affect AD development. There is robust evidence supporting the hypothesis that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) may contribute to AD progression, as the diseases often coexist. Therefore, a lack of well-defined diagnostic criteria makes studying the relationship between AD and CVD complicated. Additionally, inflammation accompanies the pathogenesis of AD and CVD, and is not only a consequence but also implicated as a significant contributor to the course of the diseases. Of note, АроЕε4 is found to be one of the major risk factors affecting both the cardiovascular and nervous systems. According to genome wide association and epidemiological studies, numerous common risk factors have been associated with the development of AD-related pathology. Furthermore, the risk of developing AD and CVDs appears to be increased by a wide range of conditions and lifestyle factors: hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, gut/oral microbiota, physical activity, and diet. This review summarizes the literature and provides possible mechanistic links between CVDs and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Leszek
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, Ul. Pasteura 10, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland;, E-mail: and GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Tel: +1-210-442-8625 or +1-440-263-7461; E-mails: ,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Psychiatry, Wrocław Medical University, Ul. Pasteura 10, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland;, E-mail: and GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Tel: +1-210-442-8625 or +1-440-263-7461; E-mails: ,
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Bo Y, Zhu Y, Tao Y, Li X, Zhai D, Bu Y, Wan Z, Wang L, Wang Y, Yu Z. Association Between Folate and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses. Front Public Health 2020; 8:550753. [PMID: 33384976 PMCID: PMC7770110 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.550753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is no study that has systematically investigated the breadth and validity of the associations of folate and multiple health outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the quantity, validity, and credibility of evidence regarding associations between folate and multiple health outcomes by using umbrella review of meta-analysis. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to May 20, 2018, to identify potential meta-analyses that examined the association of folate with any health outcome. For each included meta-analysis, we estimated the summary effect size and their 95% confidence interval using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. We used the AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) to assess methodological quality and the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation working group classification) to assess the quality of evidence for each outcome included in the umbrella review. Results: Overall, 108 articles reporting 133 meta-analyses of observational studies and 154 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the study. Among them, 108 unique exposure-outcome-population triplets (referred to as unique meta-analyses hereafter) of RCTs and 87 unique meta-analyses of observational studies were reanalyzed. Beneficial effects of folate were observed in the all-cause mortality rate and in a number of chronic diseases, including several birth/pregnancy outcomes, several cancers, cardiovascular disease and metabolic-related outcomes, neurological conditions, and several other diseases. However, adverse effects of folate were observed for prostate cancer, colorectal adenomatous lesions, asthma or wheezing, and wheezing as an isolated symptom and depression. Conclusions: Current evidence allows for the conclusion that folate is associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality and a wide range of chronic diseases. However, folate may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Further research is warranted to improve the certainty of the estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacong Bo
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongjian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuchang Tao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Desheng Zhai
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongjun Bu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Administration, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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22
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Pi T, Liu B, Shi J. Abnormal Homocysteine Metabolism: An Insight of Alzheimer's Disease from DNA Methylation. Behav Neurol 2020; 2020:8438602. [PMID: 32963633 PMCID: PMC7495165 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8438602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system that has complex pathogenesis in the elderly. The current review focuses on the epigenetic mechanisms of AD, according to the latest findings. One of the best-characterized chromatin modifications in epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation. Highly replicable data shows that AD occurrence is often accompanied by methylation level changes of the AD-related gene. Homocysteine (Hcy) is not only an intermediate product of one-carbon metabolism but also an important independent risk factor of AD; it can affect the cognitive function of the brain by changing the one-carbon metabolism and interfering with the DNA methylation process, resulting in cerebrovascular disease. In general, Hcy may be an environmental factor that affects AD via the DNA methylation pathway with a series of changes in AD-related substance. This review will concentrate on the relation between DNA methylation and Hcy and try to figure out their rule in the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Pi
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and the Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Pujol N, Mané A, Bergé D, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Pérez L, González-Pinto A, Barcones F, Cuesta MJ, Sánchez-Tomico G, Vieta E, Castro-Fornieles J, Bernardo M, Parellada M. Influence of BDNF and MTHFR polymorphisms on hippocampal volume in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 223:345-352. [PMID: 32988741 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BDNF and MTHFR genes are independently linked to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and its neuroimaging correlates. The aim of this study was to explore, for the first time, the individual and interactional effects of the Val66Met and C677T polymorphisms on hippocampal atrophy in first-episode psychosis (FEP). METHOD Multi-site case-control study based on clinical, genetic (rs 6265, rs 1801133) and structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 98 non-affective FEP patients and 117 matched healthy controls (HC). Hippocampal volume was estimated using FreeSurfer software and this volume was compared between diagnostic (FEP vs HC) and genotype (Val66Met, C677T) groups. The BDNF Val66Met x MTHFR C677T effect on hippocampal volume was further evaluated through stratified analyses. RESULTS After applying Bonferroni correction, diagnosis showed a significant effect for adjusted left and right hippocampal volume (FEP < HC). Stratified analyses showed that the interactive effect contributed to adjusted hippocampal size in both the HC (left and right hippocampus) and FEP groups (right hippocampus); among BDNF Met carriers, those with the CT-TT genotype exhibited decreased hippocampal volume compared to individuals with the homozygous normal CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide preliminary evidence indicating that the Val66Met x C677T interaction may be a potential genetic risk factor for reduced hippocampal size in both healthy controls and in patients with FEP. Further research in independent samples including different ethnic groups is warranted to confirm this new finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pujol
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Mané
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Daniel Bergé
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Pérez
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Santiago, OSI Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Fe Barcones
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Georgina Sánchez-Tomico
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addiction of the Barcelona MAR Health Park, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Bipolar Disorder Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2017SGR881, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute; August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
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Scassellati C, Ciani M, Maj C, Geroldi C, Zanetti O, Gennarelli M, Bonvicini C. Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): Clinical Characterization and Genetic Correlates in an Italian Alzheimer's Disease Cohort. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10030090. [PMID: 32823921 PMCID: PMC7563608 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients hampers the clinical management and exacerbates the burden for caregivers. The definition of the clinical distribution of BPSD symptoms, and the extent to which symptoms are genetically determined, are still open to debate. Moreover, genetic factors that underline BPSD symptoms still need to be identified. PURPOSE To characterize our Italian AD cohort according to specific BPSD symptoms as well as to endophenotypes. To evaluate the associations between the considered BPSD traits and COMT, MTHFR, and APOE genetic variants. METHODS AD patients (n = 362) underwent neuropsychological examination and genotyping. BPSD were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory scale. RESULTS APOE and MTHFR variants were significantly associated with specific single BPSD symptoms. Furthermore, "Psychosis" and "Hyperactivity" resulted in the most severe endophenotypes, with APOE and MTHFR implicated as both single risk factors and "genexgene" interactions. CONCLUSIONS We strongly suggest the combined use of both BPSD single symptoms/endophenotypes and the "genexgene" interactions as valid strategies for expanding the knowledge about the BPSD aetiopathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Scassellati
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (C.M.); (M.G.)
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Miriam Ciani
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Carlo Maj
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (C.M.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristina Geroldi
- Alzheimer’s Research Unit-Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.G.); (O.Z.)
| | - Orazio Zanetti
- Alzheimer’s Research Unit-Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.G.); (O.Z.)
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Genetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (C.S.); (C.M.); (M.G.)
- Section of Biology and Genetic, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristian Bonvicini
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Zuin M, Cervellati C, Trentini A, Roncon L, Guasti P, Zuliani G. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C667T polymorphism and susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease in the Italian population. Minerva Med 2020; 112:365-371. [PMID: 32700867 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study is a meta-analysis of the published studies on the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C667T polymorphism and the risk of late- onset Alzheimer 's disease (LOAD) in Italian cohorts. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We conducted a search on the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Scopus. All cohort and case-control studies investigating the association between MTHFR 677T polymorphism and LOAD in Italian population published any time to May 8, 2020 were included in the analysis. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS From an initial screening of 136 articles, 4 were included into the systemic review. The pooled analysis based on the co-dominant model revealed that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism was associated with a significant risk of LOAD among Italian cohorts (TC vs. CC: OR=1.20, 95% CI=1.06-1.36, P=0.004, I2=0%). Conversely, the pooled analysis based on the allelic model demonstrated a non-significant relationship between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to LOAD in Italians (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.99-1.59, P=0.060, I2=14.6%). Moreover, Italian subjects with MTHFR 677TT genotype resulted to have a significantly increased susceptibility to LOAD (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.23-2.50, P=0.002, I2=0%). CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis showed only trend of association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and LOAD in Italian population; however, it also demonstrated an increased susceptibility of LOAD in patients having MTHFR 677TT genotype. Further studies are needed to establish whether MTHFR polymorphisms can be used as non-invasive biomarker for LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zuin
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria delle Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria delle Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy - crvcrl@unife
| | - Alessandro Trentini
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria delle Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Loris Roncon
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria delle Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Guasti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Acosta-Elias J, Espinosa-Tanguma R. The Folate Concentration and/or Folic Acid Metabolites in Plasma as Factor for COVID-19 Infection. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1062. [PMID: 32765270 PMCID: PMC7379025 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women appear to be more susceptible to infectious diseases than women in reproductive age. According to the California Department of Public Health pregnant women were 9.6-folds more likely to be hospitalized during the 2009 influenza outbreak when compared to non-pregnant women in reproductive age. In contrast, it was reported that of 16,749 COVID-19 patients that were hospitalized in the UK, the probability for pregnant women to require in-patient care due to infection by SARS-CoV-2 was 0.95 versus non-pregnant women. Therefore 9.6/0.95 = 10.10, which brings us to the conclusion that pregnant women are 10.10-folds less likely to be hospitalized for a SARS-CoV-2 infection than for the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy could be the factor that is protecting these patients against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Two independent papers that used informatic simulation proved that folic acid reduced the replication of this virus. One of them showed that folic acid inhibits the furin protease which the virus needs in order to enter its host cell, while the other one explained that folic acid inactivates protease 3CL pro , a protein that the virus needs to replicate. Nonetheless the probability that folic acid blocks two different proteins is very low, therefore the mechanism by which folic acid has apparently protected pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Acosta-Elias
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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Osadnik T, Pawlas N, Lejawa M, Lisik M, Osadnik K, Fronczek M, Bujak K, Gąsior M. Genetic and environmental factors associated with homocysteine concentrations in a population of healthy young adults. Analysis of the MAGNETIC study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:939-947. [PMID: 32404292 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Elevated homocysteine concentration is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors associated with serum homocysteine concentration in healthy young adults. Moreover, we aimed to determine the cutoff value of homocysteine concentration for predicting unfavorable MTHFR genotype and to investigate whether this association is modified by dietary patterns and serum folate status. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 744 healthy individuals, aged 18-35 years, were included in the study. Diet quality was assessed by establishing diet quality scores and adherence to the pro-Healthy Diet Index (pHDI) and non-Healthy Diet Index (nHDI). Genotyping was performed using the TaqMan method. Multivariate analysis showed that pHDI, creatinine, folate concentrations, and the T/T genotype of the C677T polymorphism in MTHFR, as well as the interaction between the T/T genotype of MTHFR (C677T polymorphism) and folate level, were most strongly related to homocysteine concentrations. The specificity of a homocysteine >13.1 μmol/l in predicting T/T homozygous status was 76% (area under the curve 0.68). CONCLUSION Healthy dietary patterns, folate, and creatinine levels, as well as the C677T polymorphism, proved to be the strongest predictors of homocysteine concentrations. T/T genotype of MTHFR modifies the relationship between folate and homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Osadnik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; 2nd Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Natalia Pawlas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Mateusz Lejawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Kardio-Med Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Lisik
- Genetic Outpatient Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Poland
| | - Kamila Osadnik
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Martyna Fronczek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Kardio-Med Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Kamil Bujak
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Migliore L, Coppedè F. Polymorphisms of genes required for methionine synthesis and DNA methylation influence mitochondrial DNA methylation. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1003-1012. [PMID: 32393056 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Impaired methylation of the mitochondrial DNA and particularly in the regulatory displacement loop (D-loop) region, is increasingly observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aims to investigate if common polymorphisms of genes required for one-carbon metabolism (MTHFR, MTRR, MTR and RFC-1) and DNA methylation reactions (DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B) influence D-loop methylation levels. Materials & methods: D-loop methylation data were available from 133 late-onset Alzheimer's disease patients and 130 matched controls. Genotyping was performed with PCR-RFLP or high resolution melting techniques. Results: Both MTRR 66A > G and DNMT3A -448A > G polymorphisms were significantly associated with D-loop methylation levels. Conclusion: This exploratory study suggests that MTRR and DNMT3A polymorphisms influence mitochondrial DNA methylation; further research is required to better address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research & of New Surgical & Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- Department of Translational Research & of New Surgical & Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Current address: Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative & Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research & of New Surgical & Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research & of New Surgical & Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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One‑carbon metabolism factor MTHFR variant is associated with saccade latency in Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 2. J Neurol Sci 2020; 409:116586. [PMID: 31812845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a neurodegenerative disorder due to a CAG-repeat expansion. This work is intended to identify modifiers of the clinical phenotype in SCA2, following up on recent genome-wide association analyses that demonstrated the prominent role of DNA-damage repair and methylation for the severity and progression of polyglutamine diseases. In particular, we assessed the impact of MTHFR as rate-limiting enzyme in DNA methylation pathways, which modulates cerebellar neurotransmission and motor neuron atrophy. METHODS A sample of 166 Cuban SCA2 patients and of 130 healthy subjects from the same geographical and ethnic background was selected. The ATXN2 CAG repeat length was determined by PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Two amino acid substitutions known to decrease the enzyme activity of MTHFR, encoded by C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, were assessed by PCR/RFLP. RESULTS No significant differences were observed for C677T or A1298C alleles or genotype frequencies between cases and controls, confirming that disease risk in SCA2 does not depend on MTHFR activity. However, MTHFR A1298C genotypes showed a significant association with saccade latency. CONCLUSIONS \MTHFR A1298C polymorphism is associated with saccade latency in SCA2 patients, but not with disease risk, age at onset or maximal saccade velocity. These results provide evidence that folate-mediated one‑carbon metabolism might be important in the physiopathology of SCA2.
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Quan Y, Yang J, Qin T, Hu Y. Associations between twelve common gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2019; 17:216. [PMID: 31830994 PMCID: PMC6909495 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-019-1748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Associations between polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/interleukin-18 (IL-18)/mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were already explored by many studies, yet the results of these studies were inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis was to better clarify associations between polymorphisms in VDR/VEGF/IL-18/MBL and HCC by combing the results of all relevant studies. Methods Eligible publications were searched from PubMed, Embase, WOS, and CNKI. We used Review Manager to combine the results of individual studies. Results Thirty studies were included in this study. Combined results revealed that VDR rs7975232, VDR rs2228570, VEGF rs699947, VEGF rs3025039, IL-18 rs1946518, and MBL rs7096206 polymorphisms were all significantly associated with HCC in the overall pooled population. We also obtained similar significant associations for VDR rs7975232, VDR rs2228570, IL-18 rs1946518, and MBL rs7096206 polymorphisms in Asians. Conclusions Collectively, this meta-analysis proved that VDR rs7975232, VDR rs2228570, VEGF rs699947, VEGF rs3025039, IL-18 rs1946518, and MBL rs7096206 polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to HCC in certain populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Quan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Yufang Hu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15 of Lequn Road, Guilin, 540001, Guangxi, China.
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McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ. A diet rich in taurine, cysteine, folate, B 12 and betaine may lessen risk for Alzheimer's disease by boosting brain synthesis of hydrogen sulfide. Med Hypotheses 2019; 132:109356. [PMID: 31450076 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gaseous physiological modulator hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been shown to exert a variety of neuroprotective effects. In particular, the treatment of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with agents that release H2S aids preservation of cognitive function, suppresses brain production of amyloid beta, and decreases tau phosphorylation. The possible physiological relevance of these findings is suggested by the finding that brain and plasma levels of H2S are markedly lower in AD patients than matched controls. Hence, nutraceutical strategies which boost brain synthesis or levels of H2S may have potential for prevention of AD. The chief enzyme which synthesizes H2S in brain parenchyma, cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), employs cysteine as its rate-limiting substrate, and is allosterically activated by S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Supplemental taurine has been shown to boost expression of this enzyme, as well as that of another H2S source, cystathionine gamma-lyase, in vascular tissue, and to enhance plasma H2S levels; in rats subjected to hemorrhagic stroke, co-administration of taurine has been shown to blunt a marked reduction in brain CBS expression. Brain levels of SAM are about half as high in AD patients as in controls, and this is thought to explain the reduction of brain H2S in these patients. These considerations suggest that supplementation with cysteine, taurine, and agents which promote methyl group availability - such as SAM, folate, vitamin B12, and betaine - may have potential for boosting brain synthesis of H2S and thereby aiding AD prevention. Indeed, most of these agents have already demonstrated utility in mouse AD models - albeit the extent to which increased H2S synthesis contributes to this protection remains unclear. Moreover, prospective epidemiology has associated low dietary or plasma levels of folate, B12, and taurine with increased dementia risk. Rodent studies suggest that effective nutraceutical strategies for boosting brain H2S synthesis may in fact have broad neuroprotective utility, possibly aiding prevention and/or control not only of AD but also Parkinson's disease and glaucoma, while diminishing the neuronal damage associated with brain trauma or stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, United States
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Beydoun MA, Tajuddin SM, Shaked D, Beydoun HA, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. One-carbon metabolism gene polymorphisms are associated with cognitive trajectory among African-American adults. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:238.e5-238.e18. [PMID: 31208817 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The sex-specific link between longitudinal annual rate of cognitive change (LARCC) and polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism enzymatic genes remains unclear, particularly among African-American adults. We tested associations of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from MTHFR, MTRR, MTR, and SHMT genes and select MTHFR haplotypes and latent classes (SNPHAP/SNPLC) with LARCC. Up to 797 African-American participants in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (age: 30-64 y, 52% women) had 1.6-1.7 (i.e., 1 or 2) repeated measures (follow-up time, mean = 4.69 y) on 9 cognitive test scores, reflecting verbal and visual memory, verbal fluency, psychomotor speed, attention, and executive function: California Verbal Learning Test-immediate recall (CVLT-List A), CVLT-DFR (delayed free recall), Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), Animal Fluency (AF), Digits Span Forward and Backward tests, and Trail Making Test parts A and B (Trails A and B). Multiple linear mixed-effects and multiple linear regression models were conducted. Overall, MTHFR SNPs rs4846051(A1317G, G>A) and rs1801131(A1298C, G>T) were associated with slower and faster declines on AF, respectively, whereas rs2066462(C1056T, A>G) was related to slower decline on Trails B (executive function). Among men, rs4846051(A1317G, G>A) was linked to faster decline on BVRT (visual memory), whereas rs2066462(C1056T, A>G) and rs9651118(C>T) were associated with slower decline on CVLT-List A and rs9651118(C>T) with faster decline on CVLT-DFR. Among women, a slower decline on the domain "verbal memory/fluency" was observed with rs1801133(C677T, A>G). MTHFR2SNPHAP [rs1801133(C677T, A>G)/rs1801131(A1298C, G>T): GG] was associated with slower decline on AF among women, whereas MTHFR3SNPHAP(AT) was linked with slower decline on CVLT-List A among men but faster decline on "verbal memory/fluency" among women. Similar patterns were observed for MTHFR SNPLCs. In sum, MTHFR gene variations can differentially impact longitudinal changes in multiple cognitive domains among African-American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle Shaked
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Catonsville, MD, USA
| | - Hind A Beydoun
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liu Y, Zhang F, Dai L. C677T polymorphism increases the risk of early spontaneous abortion. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1737-1741. [PMID: 31209737 PMCID: PMC6707973 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01500-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationship of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism in male population having spouses with early spontaneous abortion. Methods A total of 345 males whose spouses had at least one early spontaneous abortion were included in the study group, and 145 males who planned to have a second child were included in the control group. Semen was collected in a sterile cup by masturbation. After liquefaction, the sperm concentration and forward motility sperm rate (PR) were obtained. The genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral vein, followed by MTHFR C677T polymorphism detection through PCR-gold magnetic nanoparticle chromatography. Results The numbers of alleles and genotypes of MTHFR in the case group were 303 (C), 387 (T), 64 (CC), 175 (CT), and 106 (TT) cases, respectively. The numbers of allele and genotype of MTHFR in the control group were 167 (C), 123 (T), 145 (CC), 65 (CT), and 29 (TT) cases. There were significant differences in the distribution frequency of genotypes (χ2 = 17.005, P = 0.000) and alleles (χ2 = 15.295, P = 0.000) between the two groups. For cases with more spontaneous abortion, more cases had CT and TT phenotypes. Participants with genotype CT had the highest sperm concentration and PR in both groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions MTHFR could affect sperm DNA integrity through affecting DNA methylation, which led to an increase in the rate of early spontaneous abortion in spouses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10815-019-01500-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Liu
- Department of Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 56, Culture West Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 56, Culture West Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Reproductive Center, Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, No. 56, Culture West Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750001, Ningxia, China
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Durmaz A, Kumral E, Durmaz B, Onay H, Aslan GI, Ozkinay F, Pehlivan S, Orman M, Cogulu O. Genetic factors associated with the predisposition to late onset Alzheimer's disease. Gene 2019; 707:212-215. [PMID: 31102717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, irreversible neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of memory and cognitive skills. More than 90% of cases are sporadic and have later age of onset. Many studies have shown a genetic predisposition for late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). The most studied genetic predisposition factor is apolipoprotein E gene besides other susceptibility genes involved in vascular pathologies, homocysteine metabolism, and neuronal growth and differentiation such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), APOB and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). METHODS In this study Factor V Leiden (G1691A) and H1299R, prothrombin G20210A, Factor XIII V34L, B-fibrinogen -455G>A, PAI-1 5G/4G, HPA1 b/a, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, APOE, ACE I/D, BDNF C270T and G196A polymorphisms were evaluated in 100 LOAD patients and 100 age matched healthy controls. RESULTS APOE4 allele, MTHFR CCA1298C and BDNF TTC270T genotypes were significantly higher in LOAD patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.04, p = 0.03, respectively). There were no significant associations between other genotypes and allele frequencies. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and age at onset of the patients were also evaluated for each and combined genotypes. Age at onset was significantly lowered by about approximately 4 and 5 years in patients carrying BDNF TTC270T and MTHFR TTC677T genotypes, respectively. CONCLUSION APOE, MTHFR A1298C and BDNF C270T polymorphisms may be associated with LOAD and BDNF and MTHFR alleles may play a role in the age at onset of the LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asude Durmaz
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Genetics, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Emre Kumral
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak Durmaz
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Genetics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Onay
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Genetics, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Ferda Ozkinay
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Genetics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Orman
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Statistics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Cogulu
- Ege University Medical Faculty Department of Medical Genetics, Izmir, Turkey
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Craenen K, Verslegers M, Baatout S, Abderrafi Benotmane M. An appraisal of folates as key factors in cognition and ageing-related diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:722-739. [PMID: 30729795 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1549017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is often consumed as a food supplement and can be found in fortified staple foods in various western countries. Even though FA supplementation during pregnancy is known to prevent severe congenital anomalies in the developing child (e.g., neural tube defects), much less is known about its influence on cognition and neurological functioning. In this review, we address the advances in this field and situate how folate intake during pregnancy, postnatal life, adulthood and in the elderly affects cognition. In addition, an association between folate status and ageing, dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is discussed. While its role in the incidence and severity of these diseases is becoming apparent, the underlying action of folates and related metabolites remains elusive. Finally, the potential of FA as a nutraceutical has been proposed, although the efficacy will highly depend on the interplay with other micronutrients, the disease stage and the duration of supplementation. Hence, the lack of consistent data urges for more animal studies and (pre)clinical trials in humans to ascertain a potential beneficial role for folates in the treatment or amelioration of cognitive decline and ageing-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Craenen
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium.,Biology Department, Research Group Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Verslegers
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
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Wang J, Zheng J, Zhang S, Du J, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Jiang X, Chen W. High-throughput blood sample preparation for single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping in less than 25 min. Talanta 2019; 191:119-125. [PMID: 30262040 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Straightforward, rapid and high-throughput pretreatment for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) genotyping is critically needed in clinical practice. However, all existing SNP genotyping methods require DNA purification step, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. We develop a protocol for SNP genotyping by combining whole blood lysis (WBL) with qPCR and justify the practicality of our method in blood samples from 140 donors, including 40 samples from healthy donors, and 100 samples from donors with either low white blood cell counts, high level of serum uric acid or triglyceride. When compared with Sanger sequencing, the gold standard for SNP genotyping, our method exhibits a 100% consistency in the aspect of sensitivity and specificity. In addition, our method can obtain amplifiable DNA within 25 mins (which is the fastest to the best of our knowledge) from 48 samples. The blood samples, even with low white blood cell counts, high level of serum uric acid or triglyceride could not affect the sensitivity and specificity of our method. Our study demonstrates that the combination of WBL and qPCR genotyping can serve as a high-throughput and robust approach for routine clinical SNP genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Jihui Du
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yongxin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Huisheng Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology & Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
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37
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Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and susceptibility to epilepsy. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:2033-2041. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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38
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Eshraghi RS, Deth RC, Mittal R, Aranke M, Kay SIS, Moshiree B, Eshraghi AA. Early Disruption of the Microbiome Leading to Decreased Antioxidant Capacity and Epigenetic Changes: Implications for the Rise in Autism. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:256. [PMID: 30158857 PMCID: PMC6104136 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, 1 out of every 59 children in the United States is diagnosed with autism. While initial research to find the possible causes for autism were mostly focused on the genome, more recent studies indicate a significant role for epigenetic regulation of gene expression and the microbiome. In this review article, we examine the connections between early disruption of the developing microbiome and gastrointestinal tract function, with particular regard to susceptibility to autism. The biological mechanisms that accompany individuals with autism are reviewed in this manuscript including immune system dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic and methylation abnormalities as well as gastrointestinal distress. We propose that these autism-associated biological mechanisms may be caused and/or sustained by dysbiosis, an alteration to the composition of resident commensal communities relative to the community found in healthy individuals and its redox and epigenetic consequences, changes that in part can be due to early use and over-use of antibiotics across generations. Further studies are warranted to clarify the contribution of oxidative stress and gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of autism. A better understanding of the microbiome and gastrointestinal tract in relation to autism will provide promising new opportunities to develop novel treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Eshraghi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Richard C. Deth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Mayank Aranke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sae-In S. Kay
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
| | - Baharak Moshiree
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Adrien A. Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is involved in adapting metabolism to environmental challenges by various mechanisms, including the control of gene expression by epigenetic and post-translational changes of transcription factors. Though a metabolic syndrome candidate gene, association studies of its common polymorphism rs1801133 (MTHFR-Ala222Val) remain inconclusive with important ethnic differences, and the effect on disease progression was not addressed.
Methods: 307 middle-aged metabolic syndrome patients in a central Romanian hospital setting were investigated metabolically, and genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Disease progression was assessed by the age of onset of metabolic components, as well as development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic complications.
Results: The minor allele frequency of rs1801133 was 30.13%. Metabolic parameters showed no statistically significant differences according to genotype, but variant carriers developed dysglycemia and dyslipidemia earlier (53.28±10.8 vs 59.44±9.31 years, p<0.05 and 58.57±11.31 vs 64.72±10.6 years, p<0.1).While the polymorphism did not influence hepatic complications, an inverse association was found for manifest atherosclerosis (OR=0.49, p=0.006, 95%CI:0.29-0.81), which may be folate-status dependent, and needs further investigations. Simultaneous analysis with transcription factor polymorphisms (rs1801282, rs8192678) showed that the more protective genotypes were present the later metabolic disturbances developed, and in the presence of the other two variants the apparent protective cardiovascular effect disappeared.
Conclusions: The common functional polymorphism rs1801133 may influence metabolic syndrome progression, the age of onset of components and development of atherosclerotic complications. Besides simple additive effects, complex mitigating and aggravating variant interactions may exist, and the protective or predisposing outcome may depend on modifiable environmental factors.
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40
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Hoffman A, Taleski G, Qian H, Wasek B, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Sontag JM, Sontag E. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency Deregulates Regional Brain Amyloid-β Protein Precursor Expression and Phosphorylation Levels. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64:223-237. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hoffman
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Goce Taleski
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Helena Qian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brandi Wasek
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Marie Sontag
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Estelle Sontag
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Yadav U, Kumar P, Rai V. “NQO1Gene C609T Polymorphism (dbSNP: rs1800566) and Digestive Tract Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.”. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:557-568. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1460674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Yadav
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vandana Rai
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Raffield LM, Ellis J, Olson NC, Duan Q, Li J, Durda P, Pankratz N, Keating BJ, Wassel CL, Cushman M, Wilson JG, Gross MD, Tracy RP, Rich SS, Reiner AP, Li Y, Willis MS, Lange EM, Lange LA. Genome-wide association study of homocysteine in African Americans from the Jackson Heart Study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Coronary Artery Risk in Young Adults study. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:327-337. [PMID: 29321517 PMCID: PMC5826839 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-017-0384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a heritable biomarker for CVD, peripheral artery disease, stroke, and dementia. Little is known about genetic associations with Hcy in individuals of African ancestry. We performed a genome-wide association study for Hcy in 4927 AAs from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), and the Coronary Artery Risk in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Analyses were stratified by sex and results were meta-analyzed within and across sex. In the sex-combined meta-analysis, we observed genome-wide significant evidence (p < 5.0 × 10-8) for the NOX4 locus (lead variant rs2289125, β = -0.15, p = 5.3 × 1011). While the NOX4 locus was previously reported as associated with Hcy in European-American populations, rs2289125 remained genome-wide significant when conditioned on the previously reported lead variants. Previously reported genome-wide significant associations at NOX4, MTR, CBS, and MMACHC were also nominally (p < 0.050) replicated in AAs. Associations at the CPS1 locus, previously reported in females only, also was replicated specifically in females in this analysis, supporting sex-specific effects for this locus. These results suggest that there may be a combination of cross-population and population-specific genetic effects, as well as differences in genetic effects between males and females, in the regulation of Hcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Jaclyn Ellis
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nels C Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Peter Durda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Brendan J Keating
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christina L Wassel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
- Department of Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Myron D Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ethan M Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Stoccoro A, Tannorella P, Salluzzo MG, Ferri R, Romano C, Nacmias B, Siciliano G, Migliore L, Coppedè F. The Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Risk for Late-Onset Alzheimer's disease: Further Evidence in an Italian Multicenter Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 56:1451-1457. [PMID: 28211809 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A functional polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, namely C677T (rs1801133), results in increased Hcy levels and has been associated with risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Many investigators reported association between rs1801133 and LOAD risk in Asian populations and in carriers of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 allele, but recent meta-analyses suggest a contribution also in other populations, including Caucasians and/or northern Africans. OBJECTIVE To further address this issue, we performed a relatively large case-control study, including 581 LOAD patients and 468 matched controls of Italian origin. APOE data were available for a subgroup of almost 600 subjects. METHODS Genotyping for rs1801133 was performed with PCR-RFLP techniques. RESULTS In the total population, the MTHFR 677T allele (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.01-1.43) and carriers of the MTHFR 677T allele (CT+TT versus CC: OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.03-1.73) resulted in increased LOAD risk. Similarly, in APOEɛ4 carriers, we observed an increased frequency of MTHFR 677CT carriers (CT versus CC: OR = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.25-6.32). Very interestingly, also in non-APOEɛ4 carriers, both MTHFR 677T allele (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.03-1.85) and MTHFR 677TT genotype (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.11-3.90) were associated with LOAD. All these associations survived after corrections for age, gender, and multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is likely a LOAD risk factor in our cohort, either in APOEɛ4 or in non-APOEɛ4 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Doctoral School in Genetics Oncology and Clinical Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Tannorella
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Salluzzo
- IRCCS, Oasi Maria SS Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- IRCCS, Oasi Maria SS Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | - Corrado Romano
- IRCCS, Oasi Maria SS Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Neurological Clinic, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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44
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Roostaei T, Felsky D, Nazeri A, De Jager PL, Schneider JA, Bennett DA, Voineskos AN. Genetic influence of plasma homocysteine on Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 62:243.e7-243.e14. [PMID: 29102475 PMCID: PMC6953632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Observational studies have consistently reported elevated plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, results from clinical trials of homocysteine-lowering treatments are inconsistent. This discrepancy may be explained by a lack of causal association between homocysteine and AD. Mendelian randomization studies have the potential to provide insight into the causality of this association through studying the effect of genetic predisposition to high homocysteine on AD. Our analyses using summarized (n = 54,162) and individual participant (n = 6987) data from Caucasian participants did not show an effect of plasma homocysteine genetic risk on susceptibility to AD. Although with smaller sample sizes, further subanalyses also did not support an effect of genetically determined plasma homocysteine on cognitive impairment and decline, beta-amyloid and tau pathology and gray matter atrophy in AD. However, we found associations with tau tangle burden (n = 251) and gray matter atrophy (n = 605) in cognitively normal elderly. Our results do not support a causal association between elevated homocysteine and risk, severity, and progression of AD. However, the relationship between genetically determined homocysteine and brain pathology in cognitively normal elderly requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Roostaei
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arash Nazeri
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Underserved Populations Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Berrett AN, Gale SD, Erickson LD, Brown BL, Hedges DW. Helicobacter pylori moderates the association between 5-MTHF concentration and cognitive function in older adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190475. [PMID: 29364915 PMCID: PMC5783346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore potential interactions between folate-cycle factors and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in the prediction of cognitive function. Methods We used data obtained from the 1999–2000 continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey produced by the United States’ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Using Ordinary Least Squares regression, we tested for associations between multiple folate-cycle factors, Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, and cognitive function assessed by the digit symbol coding subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III. We then tested for interactions between each of the folate-cycle factors and Helicobacter pylori in the prediction of cognitive function. Results Although Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, vitamin B-12, and homocysteine were not associated with performance on the digit symbol coding task, Helicobacter pylori seropositivity interacted with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate concentration to predict performance on the digit symbol coding task. The Helicobacter pylori seropositive group performed worse on the digit symbol coding task as 5-methyltetrahydrofolate concentration decreased. Conclusion The interaction between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and reduced folate-cycle factor 5-methyltetrahydrofolate might impair aspects of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Berrett
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Shawn D Gale
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
- The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Lance D Erickson
- Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Bruce L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dawson W Hedges
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
- The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, United States of America
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Jones P, Lucock M, Veysey M, Jablonski N, Chaplin G, Beckett E. Frequency of folate-related polymorphisms varies by skin pigmentation. Am J Hum Biol 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Jones
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle; Ourimbah NSW Australia
| | - Mark Lucock
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle; Ourimbah NSW Australia
| | - Martin Veysey
- Hull-York Medical School; University of York; Heslington York UK
| | - Nina Jablonski
- Anthropology Department; The Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania
| | - George Chaplin
- Anthropology Department; The Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania
| | - Emma Beckett
- School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle; Ourimbah NSW Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health; University of Newcastle; Ourimbah NSW Australia
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de Wilde MC, Vellas B, Girault E, Yavuz AC, Sijben JW. Lower brain and blood nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease: Results from meta-analyses. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2017; 3:416-431. [PMID: 29067348 PMCID: PMC5651428 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are at risk of nutritional insufficiencies because of physiological and psychological factors. Recently, we showed the results of the meta-analyses indicating lower plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, C, E, and folate in AD patients compared with cognitively intact elderly controls (controls). Now, additional and more extensive literature searches were performed selecting studies which compare blood and brain/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids in AD patients versus controls. METHODS The literature published after 1980 in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, and Embase electronic databases was systematically analyzed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to detect studies meeting the selection criteria. Search terms used are as follows: AD patients, Controls, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids. Random-effects meta-analyses using a linear mixed model with correction for age differences between AD patients and controls were performed when four or more publications were retrieved for a specific nutrient. RESULTS Random-effects meta-analyses of 116 selected publications showed significant lower CSF/brain levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline-containing lipids, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E. In addition, AD patients showed lower circulatory levels of DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, choline as phosphatidylcholine, and selenium. CONCLUSION The current data show that patients with AD have lower CSF/brain availability of DHA, choline, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Directionally, brain nutrient status appears to parallel the lower circulatory nutrient status; however, more studies are required measuring simultaneously circulatory and central nutrient status to obtain better insight in this observation. The brain is dependent on nutrient supply from the circulation, which in combination with nutrient involvement in AD-pathophysiological mechanisms suggests that patients with AD may have specific nutritional requirements. This hypothesis could be tested using a multicomponent nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn C. de Wilde
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole and UMR INSERM 1027 University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Girault
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - John W. Sijben
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Rai V. Strong Association of C677T Polymorphism of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene With Nosyndromic Cleft Lip/Palate (nsCL/P). Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:5-15. [PMID: 29371764 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is essential for DNA biosynthesis and the epigentic process of DNA methylation. It has been reported that abnormal DNA methylation contributes to the pathogenesis of congenital anomalies. There were many published case control studies assessing the associations of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with risks of nosyndromic cleft lip with and without palate (nsCL/P), but with inconsistent results. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. Eligible articles were identified by search of databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Springer Link up to December, 2015. Finally, a total of 22 studies with 3724 nsCL/P cases and 5275 controls were included in the present meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were pooled to assess the association. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity was also performed. All statistical analyses were done by MIX program. Meta-analysis results suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism contributed to the increased nsCL/P risk in overall population using four genetic models except homozygote model (for T vs. C: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.1-1.4; for TT + CT vs. CC: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.04-1.59; for CT vs. CC: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.98-1.63; for TT vs. CC: OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.74-1.4; for TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.05-1.74). In conclusion, results of present meta-analysis suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism is significantly associated with nonsyndromic orofacial cleft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Rai
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003 India
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Toxoplasma Gondii Moderates the Association between Multiple Folate-Cycle Factors and Cognitive Function in U.S. Adults. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060564. [PMID: 28574478 PMCID: PMC5490543 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a microscopic, apicomplexan parasite that can infect muscle or neural tissue, including the brain, in humans. While T. gondii infection has been associated with changes in mood, behavior, and cognition, the mechanism remains unclear. Recent evidence suggests that T. gondii may harvest folate from host neural cells. Reduced folate availability is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cognitive decline. We hypothesized that impairment in cognitive functioning in subjects seropositive for T. gondii might be associated with a reduction of folate availability in neural cells. We analyzed data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to determine the associations between T. gondii infection, multiple folate-cycle factors, and three tests of cognitive functioning in U.S. adults aged 20 to 59 years. In these analyses, T. gondii moderated the associations of folate, vitamin B-12, and homocysteine with performance on the Serial Digit Learning task, a measure of learning and memory, as well as the association of folate with reaction time. The results of this study suggest that T. gondii might affect brain levels of folate and/or vitamin B-12 enough to affect cognitive functioning.
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Chang Y, Hsu S, Tsai S, Chang Y, Huang C, Liu M, Chen N, Chang W, Hsu J, Lee C, Chang C. Genetic effect of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on the structural covariance network and white-matter integrity in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3039-3051. [PMID: 28342207 PMCID: PMC6866732 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The 677 C to T transition in the MTHFR gene is a genetic determinant for hyperhomocysteinemia. We investigated whether this polymorphism modulates gray matter (GM) structural covariance networks independently of white-matter integrity in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). GM structural covariance networks were constructed by 3D T1-magnetic resonance imaging and seed-based analysis. The patients were divided into two genotype groups: C homozygotes (n = 73) and T carriers (n = 62). Using diffusion tensor imaging and white-matter parcellation, 11 fiber bundle integrities were compared between the two genotype groups. Cognitive test scores were the major outcome factors. The T carriers had higher homocysteine levels, lower posterior cingulate cortex GM volume, and more clusters in the dorsal medial lobe subsystem showing stronger covariance strength. Both posterior cingulate cortex seed and interconnected peak cluster volumes predicted cognitive test scores, especially in the T carriers. There were no between-group differences in fiber tract diffusion parameters. The MTHFR 677T polymorphism modulates posterior cingulate cortex-anchored structural covariance strength independently of white matter integrities. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3039-3051, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published Wiley by Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Tzu Chang
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Wei Hsu
- Department of RadiologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Jen Tsai
- Psychiatric Department of Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Psychiatric DivisionSchool of Medicine, National Yang‐Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ting Chang
- Department of NeurologyCognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Wei Huang
- Department of NeurologyCognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Mu‐En Liu
- Psychiatric Department of Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Nai‐Ching Chen
- Department of NeurologyCognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Neng Chang
- Department of NeurologyCognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jung‐Lung Hsu
- Section of Dementia and Cognitive ImpairmentDepartment of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkouTaiwan
| | - Chen‐Chang Lee
- Department of RadiologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Chiung‐Chih Chang
- Department of NeurologyCognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiungTaiwan
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