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Jin Y, Di-si D, Ke-ming W. XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan protects triptolide-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via mitophagy mediated PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e391424. [PMID: 38511762 PMCID: PMC10953615 DOI: 10.1590/acb391424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating the kidney, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of XJCRTSZW on triptolide (TP)-induced oxidative stress injury. METHODS Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and XJCRTSZW. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, CCK-8, JC-1 staining, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were performed in this study. RESULTS XJCRTSZW treatment observably ameliorated the TP-induced pathological symptoms. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of estradiol, anti-Mullerian hormone, progesterone, superoxide dismutase, ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential, p62, and Hsp60 mRNA, and protein levels in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05). However, TP-induced elevation of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations, malondialdehyde levels, reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis rate, mitophagy, and the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), and Parkin were decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, XJCRTSZW treatment markedly increased cell viability in vitro (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS XJCRTSZW protects TP-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via the mitophagy-mediated PINK1/Parkin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine – Xianyang, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine – Research on Physical Constitution and Diseases – Xianyang, China
| | - Deng Di-si
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Gynecology – Chengdu, China
| | - Wu Ke-ming
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine – Department of Gynecology – Chengdu, China
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Pan Y, Luo X, Gong P. Spatholobi caulis: A systematic review of its traditional uses, chemical constituents, biological activities and clinical applications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116854. [PMID: 37393029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Spatholobi caulis (SC), the dried vine stem of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, is known as Ji Xue Teng in China, and has long been used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat anaemia, menstrual abnormalities, rheumatoid arthritis, purpura, etc. AIM OF THE REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide a systematic and updated summary of the traditional uses, chemical constituents, biological activities and clinical applications of SC. In addition, several suggestions for future research on SC are also proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extensive information and data on SC were obtained from electronic databases (ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, SpringerLink and Wiley Online). Additional information was collected from Ph.D. and MSc dissertations, published books, and classic material medica. RESULTS To date, phytochemical studies have revealed that approximately 243 chemical ingredients have been isolated from SC and identified, including flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, volatile oils, sesquiterpenoids and other compounds. Many studies have indicated that extracts and pure constituents from SC possess a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, such as anti-tumour, haematopoietic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial effects, as well as other activities. SC could be applied to the treatment of leukopenia, aplastic anemic, endometriosis, etc. according to the clinical reports. The traditional efficacies of SC is due to the biological functions of its chemical compounds, especially flavonoids. However, research investigating the toxicological effects of SC is relatively limited. CONCLUSIONS SC is widely used in TCM formulae and its some traditional efficacies has been confirmed by extensive recent pharmacological and clinical studies. Most the biological activities of the SC may be attributed to flavonoids. However, in-depth studies on the molecular mechanisms of the effective ingredients and extracts of SC are limited. Further systematic studies focusing on pharmacokinetics, toxicology and quality control are needed to ensure the effective and safe application of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehua Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Puyang Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Bae SJ, Lee WY, Bak SB, Kim YE, Kim MJ, Kim YW. Unraveling the Antioxidant Capacity of Spatholobi caulis in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multiscale Network Approach Integrated with Experimental Validation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051097. [PMID: 37237962 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that is closely associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Spatholobi caulis (SC) is a herbal medicine with potential hepatoprotective effects; however, its active compounds and underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. In this study, we combined a multiscale network-level approach with experimental validation to investigate SC's antioxidant properties and their impact on NAFLD. Data collection and network construction were performed, and active compounds and key mechanisms were identified through multi-scale network analysis. Validation was conducted using in vitro steatotic hepatocyte models and in vivo high-fat diet-induced NAFLD models. Our findings revealed that SC treatment improved NAFLD by modulating multiple proteins and signaling pathways, including AMPK signaling pathways. Subsequent experiments showed that SC treatment reduced lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. We also validated SC's effects on AMPK and its crosstalk pathways, emphasizing their role in hepatoprotection. We predicted procyanidin B2 to be an active compound of SC and validated it using a lipogenesis in vitro model. Histological and biochemical analyses confirmed that SC ameliorated liver steatosis and inflammation in mice. This study presents SC's potential use in NAFLD treatment and introduces a novel approach for identifying and validating active compounds in herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Bae
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yung Lee
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Been Bak
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jin Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeonju 38066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Ban M, Su H, Zeng X, Chen C, Zhou S, Chen X, Nong Z. An active fraction from Spatholobus suberectus dunn inhibits the inflammatory response by regulating microglia activation, switching microglia polarization from M1 to M2 and suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14979. [PMID: 37064439 PMCID: PMC10102548 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are known to be associated with neuroinflammation caused by microglia. Therefore, regulation of microglia activation and polarization to inhibit neuroinflammatory reactions seems to hold promise as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative disorders. Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (SSD) has been utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine remedy for brain diseases for thousands of years. SSD possesses various pharmacological activities, such as circulation invigoration, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammatory. The objective of this research was to examine the anti-neuroinflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of an active fraction from SSD (ASSD) in vitro culture BV2 cells, a type of mouse microglia cell line. The inflammatory responses in BV2 cells were induced by stimulating them with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the effects of ASSD on LPS-stimulated inflammation were monitored. Besides, by using the methods of Western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR, the mechanisms of ASSD on microglia activation, M1/M2 polarization, and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway were investigated. Our findings demonstrate that the treatment doses of ASSD neither induce cytotoxicity nor promote the production of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis show that ASSD inhibited the expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1) and inducible nitricoxide synthase (iNOS), and induced arginase 1 (Arg1) expression. Moreover, Western blot analysis indicated that ASSD significantly down-regulated TLR4, MyD88, p-IκB, NF-κB p65, and NF-κB p-p65 protein expression levels. Furthermore, RT-qPCR assay show that ASSD significantly down-regulated iNOS, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB mRNA expression levels, and up-regulated Arg1 mRNA expression level. According to the findings, ASSD can suppress microglia-mediated inflammatory responses by modulating microglia activation, inducing a shift from M1 to M2 polarization, and inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Hao DL, Li JM, Xie R, Huo HR, Xiong XJ, Sui F, Wang PQ. The role of traditional herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic-A critical review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154609. [PMID: 36610141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and severe long-term disability worldwide. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in anti-ischemic therapies. However, IS remains a tremendous challenge, with favourable clinical outcomes being generally difficult to achieve from candidate drugs in preclinical phase testing. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has been used to treat stroke for over 2,000 years in China. In modern times, THM as an alternative and complementary therapy have been prescribed in other Asian countries and have gained increasing attention for their therapeutic effects. These millennia of clinical experience allow THM to be a promising avenue for improving clinical efficacy and accelerating drug discovery. PURPOSE To summarise the clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of THMs in IS. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP Information Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database, from inception to 17 June 2022 to examine the efficacy and safety of THM for IS, and to investigate experimental studies regarding potential mechanisms. RESULTS THM is widely prescribed for IS alone or as adjuvant therapy. In clinical trials, THM is generally administered within 72 h of stroke onset and are continuously prescribed for over 3 months. Compared with Western medicine (WM), THM combined with routine WM can significantly improve neurological function defect scores, promote clinical total effective rate, and accelerate the recovery time of stroke with fewer adverse effects (AEs). These effects can be attributed to multiple mechanisms, mainly anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, brain blood barrier (BBB) modulation, inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation, and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS THM may be a promising candidate for IS management to guide clinical applications and as a reference for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jia-Meng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Ru Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Liu L, Chen D, Zhou Z, Yuan J, Chen Y, Sun M, Zhou M, Liu Y, Sun S, Chen J, Zhao L. Traditional Chinese medicine in treating ischemic stroke by modulating mitochondria: A comprehensive overview of experimental studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1138128. [PMID: 37033646 PMCID: PMC10073505 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1138128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke has been a prominent focus of scientific investigation owing to its high prevalence, complex pathogenesis, and difficulties in treatment. Mitochondria play an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and are involved in neuronal death following ischemic stroke. Hence, maintaining mitochondrial function is critical for neuronal survival and neurological improvement in ischemic stroke, and mitochondria are key therapeutic targets in cerebral stroke research. With the benefits of high efficacy, low cost, and high safety, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has great advantages in preventing and treating ischemic stroke. Accumulating studies have explored the effect of TCM in preventing and treating ischemic stroke from the perspective of regulating mitochondrial structure and function. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which mitochondria are involved in ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we summarized the current advances in TCM in preventing and treating ischemic stroke by modulating mitochondria. We aimed to provide a new perspective and enlightenment for TCM in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke by modulating mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Daohong Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingsheng Sun
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengdi Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiqi Sun
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Zhao, ; Jiao Chen,
| | - Ling Zhao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Zhao, ; Jiao Chen,
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Nrf2 Regulates Oxidative Stress and Its Role in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122377. [PMID: 36552584 PMCID: PMC9774301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is characterized by acute ischemia in a certain part of the brain, which leads to brain cells necrosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, etc. At present, there are limited effective clinical treatments for cerebral ischemic stroke, and the recovery of cerebral blood circulation will lead to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Cerebral ischemic stroke involves many pathological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), as one of the most critical antioxidant transcription factors in cells, can coordinate various cytoprotective factors to inhibit oxidative stress. Targeting Nrf2 is considered as a potential strategy to prevent and treat cerebral ischemia injury. During cerebral ischemia, Nrf2 participates in signaling pathways such as Keap1, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and HO-1, and then alleviates cerebral ischemia injury or CIRI by inhibiting oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and inhibiting ferroptosis. In this review, we have discussed the structure of Nrf2, the mechanisms of Nrf2 in cerebral ischemic stroke, the related research on the treatment of cerebral ischemia through the Nrf2 signaling pathway in recent years, and expounded the important role and future potential of the Nrf2 pathway in cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Bae SJ, Bak SB, Kim YW. Coordination of AMPK and YAP by Spatholobi Caulis and Procyanidin B2 Provides Antioxidant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213730. [PMID: 36430207 PMCID: PMC9694094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is vulnerable to oxidative attacks from heavy metals, such as iron, as well as some drugs, including acetaminophen. It has been shown that enhanced oxidative stress in the liver leads to excessive ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in organ injury. The beneficial effects of Spatholobi Caulis (SC), a natural herbal medicine, include treating ischemic stroke, inhibiting tumor cell invasion, pro-angiogenic activities, and anti-inflammatory properties. Scientific studies on its effects against hepatotoxic reagents (e.g., iron and acetaminophen), as well as their underlying mechanisms, are insufficient. This study examined the antioxidant effects and mechanisms of SC in vitro and in vivo. In cells, the proinflammatory mediator, arachidonic acid (AA), plus iron, significantly induced an increase in ROS generation, the damage in mitochondrial membrane potential, and the resulting apoptosis, which were markedly blocked by SC. More importantly, SC affected the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related proteins, which were vital to regulating oxidative stress in cells. In addition, SC mediated the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP)-related proteins. Among the active compounds in SC, the procyanidin B2, but not liquiritigenin, daidzein, and genistein, significantly inhibited the cytotoxicity induced by AA + iron, and activated the LKB1-AMPK pathway. In mice, the oral administration of SC alleviated the elevations of ALT and histological changes by the acetaminophen-induced liver injury. These results reveal the potential of SC and a key bioactive component, procyanidin B2, as antioxidant candidates for hepatoprotection.
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Zhang F, Ganesan K, Liu Q, Chen J. A Review of the Pharmacological Potential of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn on Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182885. [PMID: 36139460 PMCID: PMC9497142 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (SSD) has been extensively employed in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat several ailments. SSD and its active compounds are effective therapeutic agents for treating a variety of diseases with negligible side effects. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its phytochemistry, pharmacology, and potential therapeutic effects exclusively in cancer prevention and treatment. Phytochemical and pharmacological information was collected and arranged in a rational order. SSD has been frequently attributed to having antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, hematopoietic, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Evidence has indicated that the bioactive constituents in SSD have attracted increasing scientific attention due to their preventive role in cancers. Further, the present review provides the current information on the health implications of SSD, thus allowing for future clinical trials to explore its restorative benefits. All data of in vitro and animal investigations of SSD, as well as its effect on human health, were obtained from an electronic search and library database. The diverse pharmacological potential of SSD provides an opportunity for preclinical drug discovery, and this comprehensive review strongly indicates that SSD is an excellent anti-tumorigenic agent that modulates or prevents breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3917-6479
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Tao YW, Yang L, Chen SY, Zhang Y, Zeng Y, Wu JS, Meng XL. Pivotal regulatory roles of traditional Chinese medicine in ischemic stroke via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115316. [PMID: 35513214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many studies have demonstrated the powerful neuroprotection abilities of multiple traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) against NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated ischemic cerebral injury. These TCMs may be in the form of TCM prescriptions, Chinese herbal medicines and their extracts, and TCM monomers. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to analyze and summarize the existing knowledge on the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). We also summarized the mechanism of action of the various TCMs on the NLRP3 inflammasome, which may provide new insights for the management of IS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed recently published articles by setting the keywords "NLRP3 inflammasome" and "traditional Chinese medicines" along with "ischemic stroke"; "NLRP3 inflammasome" and "ischemic stroke" along with "natural products" and so on in Pubmed and GeenMedical. RESULTS According to recent studies, 16 TCM prescriptions (officially authorized products and clinically effective TCM prescriptions), 7 Chinese herbal extracts, and 29 TCM monomers show protective effects against IS through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptotic, and anti-mitochondrial autophagy effects. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we analyzed studies on the involvement of NLRP3 in IS therapy. Further, we comprehensively and systematically summarized the current knowledge to provide a reference for the further application of TCMs in the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shi-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jia-Si Wu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xian-Li Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Liu Y, Xiang Q, Liang Q, Shi J, He J. Genus Spatholobus: a comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Food Funct 2022; 13:7448-7472. [PMID: 35766524 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Edible medicinal plants are important sources for the development of health beneficial products and drugs. Several species of the genus Spatholobus are considered as medicinal and food homologous plants in various Asian countries for the treatment of menstrual pain, anemia, paralysis, arthralgia, etc. Regarding this genus, mounting investigations on different aspects have been conducted; however, a comprehensive review about these findings is yet to be compiled. Herein, we reviewed the up-to-date information on the botanical description, distribution, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the Spatholobus species for the first time to support their development potential. Thus far, 175 phytochemicals have been isolated, and flavonoids are the predominant constituents. Furthermore, 141 compounds show the ideal characteristic behavior of a drug-like molecule. Besides, the compounds and crude extracts of this genus have been demonstrated to exert a wide range of in vitro and in vivo bioactivities, such as antitumor activity, antioxidant activity, antiinflammatory activity, antiischemic activity, antimicrobial activity, and neuroprotective activity. Toxicity studies have revealed that Spatholobus species seem to have no apparent toxic effects. Even so, the need for in-depth studies to reveal the scientific connotation of the widely documented traditional actions, the structure-activity relationship of the bioactive compounds, and the systematic toxic reactions are warranted, and also to provide essential evidence for the beneficial use of Spatholobus plants and developing novel health care products and therapeutic drug from this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Liu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610212, China.,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
| | - Qian Xiang
- Healthcare-associated Infection Control Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China.
| | - Jun He
- Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Deng D, Yan J, Li W, Wu Y, Wu K. Protective Effect of XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan on the Reproductive Toxicity of Female Rats Induced by Triptolide. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3642349. [PMID: 35707471 PMCID: PMC9192320 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3642349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Although triptolide (TP) has been widely used for the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, and various kinds of tumors, the long experimental and clinical applications have exhibited severe reproductive system toxicity in TP-treated animals and patients. More importantly, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in TP-induced reproductive system toxicity still needs more research. Methods Adult female Sprague Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and then treated with XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW). Histological analysis and follicle count were executed using H&E staining. Hormone (E2, AMH, FSH, LH, and INH B) concentrations, inflammation indicators (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), oxidative stress indicators (SOD, GSH-Px, and MDA), apoptosis rate, protein distribution and expression (SIRT1, AMPK, and 8-OhdG), cell viability, relative protein levels (beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I, p62, procaspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, p-SIRT1, SIRT1, p-AMPKα-1, AMPKα-1, Akt, and p-Akt), autophagosome were detected by ELISA, commercial biochemical detection kits, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, CCK-8, western blotting, and transmission electron microscope, respectively. Results XJCRTSZW administration notably improved the TP-treated pathological symptoms, including few mature follicles in the ovary and less granular cell layer, and disordered the arrangement of the follicle, lymphocytes and plasma cells infiltration, and necrosis, shedding, and follicular cystic dilatation of the granular layer follicle cells in the ovarian stroma. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of primary follicles and secondary follicles numbers and decreased the TP-induced elevation of atretic follicle numbers and the expression of AMPK, SIRT1, and 8-OhdG in GCs in vivo. Moreover, XJCRTSZW application significantly increased the TP-induced diminishment of E2, AMH, and LNH-B concentrations, apoptosis rate, SOD and GSH-Px concentrations, and p62 protein level; however, it declined the TP-induced augmentation of MDA level, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, autophagosome, beclin-1, LC3-II/LC3-I, cleaved-caspase-3, p-AMPKα-1, and p-SIRT1 protein levels both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, XJCRTSZW treatment prominently enhanced the TP-induced decrease of cell viability in vitro. Conclusion XJCRTSZW can alleviate TP-induced reproductive toxicity via apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, XJCRTSZW ameliorates TP-induced reproductive toxicity through AMPK/SIRT and Akt signaling axis mediated autophagy both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disi Deng
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Wanjing Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
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Chen J, Xu J, Huang P, Luo Y, Shi Y, Ma P. The potential applications of traditional Chinese medicine in Parkinson's disease: A new opportunity. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112866. [PMID: 35367767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) presents a common challenge for people all over the world and has become a major research hotspot due to the large population affected by the illness and the difficulty of clinical treatment. The prevalence of PD is increasing every year, the pathogenesis is complex, and the current treatment is ineffective. Therefore, it has become imperative to find effective drugs for PD. With the advantages of low cost, high safety and high biological activity, Chinese medicine has great advantages in the prevention and treatment of PD. This review systematically summarizes the potential of Chinese medicine for the treatment of PD, showing that Chinese medicine can exert anti-PD effects through various pathways, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, reducing mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and iron death, and regulating intestinal flora. These mainly involve HMGB1/TLR4, PI3K/Akt, NLRP3/ caspase-1/IL-1β, Nrf2/HO-1, SIRT1/Akt1, PINK1/parkin, Bcl-2/Bax, BDNF-TrkB and other signaling pathways. In sum, based on modern phytochemistry, pharmacology and genomic proteomics, Chinese medicine is likely to be a potential candidate for PD treatment, which requires more clinical trials to further elucidate its importance in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxue Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jingke Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yining Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuanshu Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Unveiling Potential Mechanisms of Spatholobi Caulis against Lung Metastasis of Malignant Tumor by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1620539. [PMID: 35356244 PMCID: PMC8959948 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1620539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung metastasis of malignant tumor signifies worse prognosis and immensely deteriorates patients' life quality. Spatholobi Caulis (SC) has been reported to reduce lung metastasis, but the mechanism remains elusive. Methods The active components and corresponding targets of SC were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database and the SwissTargetPrediction database. The disease targets were acquired from DisGeNET and GeneCards databases. Venn map was composed to figure out intersection targets by using R. The PPI network was constructed through STRING and Cytoscape, and MCODE plug-in was used to sift hub targets. Gene Ontology (GO)-Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was carried out by utilizing clusterProfiler package (R3.6.1) with adjusted P value <0.05. Network of SC-active components-intersection targets-KEGG pathway was accomplished with Cytoscape. Molecular docking between hub targets and active components was performed, analyzed, and visualized by AutoDockTools, AutoDock Vina, PLIP Web tool, and PYMOL. Results 24 active components and 123 corresponding targets were screened, and the number of disease targets and intersection targets was 1074 and 47, respectively. RELA, JUN, MAPK1, MAPK14, STAT3, IL-4, ESR1, and TP53 were the 8 hub targets. GO analysis and KEGG analysis elucidated that SC could ameliorate lung metastasis mainly by intervening oxidative stress, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, and microRNAs in cancer. All 8 hub targets were proven to combine successfully with active components of SC. Conclusion Inflammation is the core factor that integrates all these targets, biological process, and signaling pathways, which indicates that SC prevents or reduces lung metastasis mainly by dispelling inflammation.
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Su Q, Zou D, Gai N, Li H, Kuang Z, Ni X. Traditional Chinese Medicine for Post-stroke Sleep Disorders: The Evidence Mapping of Clinical Studies. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:865630. [PMID: 35782438 PMCID: PMC9240765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.865630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recently, there are a number of clinical studies on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for post-stroke sleep disorders (PSSDs). This study aimed to map the current clinical studies and identify gaps to inform future study agendas. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases, including SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang, were searched for clinical studies on PSSDs treated with TCM from their inception to September 2021. Evidence sources, number of studies, types of PSSDs, intervention categories, effectiveness, and quality assessment were graphically displayed. RESULTS The evidence map involved 810 clinical studies, of which the earliest report was dated back to 1993, and an advanced growth of the whole evidence was observed in 2012. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were the most common type of study design (78.15%), and post-stroke insomnia was the most common type of sleep disorders (65.80%). The benefits of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and acupuncture therapies for post-stroke insomnia have been widely reported in RCTs (81.60% and 75.38%, respectively). However, the benefits of CHM interventions were assessed using a global approach rather than being based on a specific formula, and the highest level of evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture therapies was of low methodological quality. In addition, evidence from primary studies was insufficient in the areas of TCM for post-stroke sleep-related breathing disorders (SBDs) and Chinese mind-body exercises for post-stroke insomnia. CONCLUSIONS PSSDs treated with TCM have been widely assessed in clinical studies. For better evidence translation, clinical trials on specific CHM interventions and high-quality systematic reviews on acupuncture for post-stroke insomnia should be conducted. For a better solution to clinical questions, TCM on SBDs after stroke and the benefits of Chinese mind-body exercises for post-stroke insomnia should be explored in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Su
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danmei Zou
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuo Gai
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishan Li
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoran Kuang
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Ni
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Oral Administration of East Asian Herbal Medicine for Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Association Rule Analysis to Identify Core Herb Combinations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111202. [PMID: 34832984 PMCID: PMC8622183 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of oral East Asian herbal medicine (EAHM) for overall peripheral neuropathy (PN). In addition, an Apriori algorithm-based association rule analysis was performed to identify the core herb combination, thereby further generating useful hypotheses for subsequent drug discovery. A total of 10 databases were searched electronically from inception to July 2021. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing EAHM with conventional analgesic medication or usual care for managing PN were included. The RCT quality was appraised using RoB 2.0, and the random effects model was used to calculate the effect sizes of the included RCTs. The overall quality of evidence was evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. By analyzing the constituent herb data, the potential association rules of core herb combinations were explored. A total of 67 RCTs involving 5753 patients were included in this systematic review. In a meta-analysis, EAHM monotherapy and combined EAHM and western medicine therapy demonstrated substantially improved sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor nerve conduction velocity, and response rate. Moreover, EAHM significantly improved the incidence rate, pain intensity, Toronto clinical scoring system, and Michigan diabetic neuropathy score. The evidence grade was moderate to low due to the substantial heterogeneity among the studies. Nine association rules were identified by performing the association rule analysis on the extraction data of 156 EAHM herbs. Therefore, the constituents of the herb combinations with consistent association rules were Astragali Radix, Cinnamomi Ramulus, and Spatholobi Calulis. This meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that EAHM monotherapy and combined therapy may be beneficial for PN patients, and follow-up research should be conducted to confirm the precise action target of the core herb.
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Wang H, Zhou J, Bi H, Yang X, Chen W, Jiang K, Yao Y, Ni W. Bioactive Ingredients from Nitraria tangutorun Bobr. Protect Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response. J Med Food 2021; 24:686-696. [PMID: 34280030 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitraria tangutorun Bobr. has been used for thousands of years as a native folk medicine to alleviate dizziness and neurasthenia due to oxygen. In our previous study, natural antioxidant components (namely, NJBE) were isolated from industrial N. tangutorun Bobr. juice byproducts (NJBE) from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The current investigation assessed the effects of NJBE on ischemic stroke in mice and the potential mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice received NJBE (25, 50, or 100 mg/Kg) by gavage for 14 days and then stroke was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, followed by reperfusion for 72 h. The evaluation of brain infarct size, behavioral tests, and functional assessments was conducted to assess the effects of NJBE after MCAO. Our results suggested that NJBE significantly decreases infarct size, improves neurological deficits, as well as reduces the number of GFAP+ and Iba-1+ cells after MCAO. NJBE inhibited nitric oxide and malondialdehyde production in the ischemic brain. Meanwhile, it attenuated the expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Also, NJBE significantly attenuated the expression levels of proinflammatory indicators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. This process was accompanied by the downregulation of TLR4, TRAF6, pIκB/pIκB, and MMP9 expression and the upregulation of claudin-5 expression. NJBE induced improvements in brain injury. The neuroprotective effect of NJBE provides evidence for its potential application in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Wang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- College of Basic Medical Science of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Basic Medical Science of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kuijun Jiang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihua Ni
- College of Basic Medical Science of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kaushik P, Ali M, Salman M, Tabassum H, Parvez S. Harnessing the mitochondrial integrity for neuroprotection: Therapeutic role of piperine against experimental ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105138. [PMID: 34284077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a rapidly increasing global burden and is associated with severe neurological decline and mortality. There is urgent requirement of the efforts, aimed to identify therapeutic strategies that are effective in clinic to promote significant recovery from IS. Studies have shown that mitochondria mediated neuroprotection can be a competent target against ischemic damage. Therefore, we examined whether mitochondrial impairment is regulated by Piperine (PIP), an alkaloid of Piper Longum, which has neuroprotective activity against ischemic brain injury. In this study, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) surgery was performed on male Wistar rats for 90 min followed by 22.5 h of reperfusion for mimicking the IS condition. This study consisted of three groups: sham, tMCAO and tMCAO + PIP (10 mg/kg b.wt., p.o/day for 15 days), and studied for behavioral tests, infarct volume, brain pathological changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation alongwith cell survival status. PIP pre-treatment showed reduction in neurological alterations and infarct volume. In addition, PIP pre-treatment suppressed the mitochondrial dysfunction and might have anti-apoptotic potential by preventing Cytochrome c (Cyt c) release from mitochondria to cytoplasm and caspase 3 activation. It also regulates pro-apoptotic, Bax and anti-apoptotic, Bcl-2 proteins accompanied by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive cells in cortex region. Quantitative Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results also showed that PIP reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory protein, interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) and enhanced cell survival by restoring the activity of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its transcription protein, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Taken together, PIP reduced the mitochondrial dysfunction, neurological impairment, and enhanced neuronal survival. In conclusion, our findings reinforce PIP as an effective neuroprotective agent and provide important evidence about its role as a potential target to serve as a promising therapy for treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kaushik
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mubashshir Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Salman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, V. Ramalingaswamy Bhawan, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Ran Y, Ye L, Ding Z, Gao F, Yang S, Fang B, Liu Z, Xi J. Melatonin Protects Against Ischemic Brain Injury by Modulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway via Suppression of PTEN Activity. ASN Neuro 2021; 13:17590914211022888. [PMID: 34120482 PMCID: PMC8207287 DOI: 10.1177/17590914211022888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide with limited therapeutic options. Melatonin can attenuate ischemic brain damage with improved functional outcomes. However, the cellular mechanisms of melatonin-driven neuroprotection against post-stroke neuronal death remain unknown. Here, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) was performed in C57BL/6j mice to develop an ischemic stroke in vivo model. Melatonin was injected intraperitoneally immediately after ischemia, and 24 and 48 hours later. Melatonin treatment, with 5 to 20 mg/kg, elicited a dose-dependent decrease in infarct volume and concomitant increase in sensorimotor function. At the molecular level, phosphorylation of PTEN and Akt were increased, whereas PTEN activity was decreased in melatonin treated animals 72 hours after dMCAO. At the cellular level, oxygenglucose deprivation (OGD) challenge of neuronal cell line Neuro-2a (N2a) and primary neurons supported melatonin’s direct protection against neuronal cell death. Melatonin treatment reduced LDH release and neuronal apoptosis at various time points, markedly increased Akt phosphorylation in neuronal membrane, but significantly suppressed it in the cytoplasm of post-OGD neurons. Mechanistically, melatonin-induced Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival was blocked by Wortmannin, a potent PIP3 inhibitor, exposing increased PI3K/Akt activation as a central player in melatonin-driven neuroprotection. Finally, PTEN knock-down through siRNA significantly inhibited PI3K/Akt activation and cell survival following melatonin treatment, suggesting that melatonin protection against ischemic brain damage, is at least partially, dependent on modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ran
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Lin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Haidian, China
| | - Zitong Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Fuhai Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Shuiqing Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Boyan Fang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
| | - Jianing Xi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan, China
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δ-Opioid receptor activation ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting the MAPK/caspase-3 pathway in BV2 microglial cells. Exp Brain Res 2020; 239:401-412. [PMID: 33206235 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-020-05983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Delta-opioid receptor (DOR) is widely distributed in the central nervous system, and its activation protects against ischaemic/hypoxic brain injury. However, the role of DOR in microglia in ischaemic stroke has not yet been fully investigated. We found that DOR was expressed in both human and mouse cerebral microglia, besides, it was upregulated in activated BV2 microglial cells by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. DOR activation by the specific agonist TAN-67 significantly enhanced BV2 microglial cell viability and reduced apoptosis, as evidenced by decreased cleaved caspase-3 levels and TdT-mediated aUTP-X nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining after LPS stimulation. Furthermore, activation of DOR significantly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production and dose-dependently inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-6, whereas it increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells; these effects were correlated with diminished phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Moreover, these effects could be reversed by the DOR antagonist naltrindole. DOR activation can activate microglia to switch to the beneficial phenotype and inhibit LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/caspase-3 pathway in BV2 microglial cells. This study provides new insight into neuroprotection against and treatment of ischaemic stroke.
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Zheng Y, Han Z, Zhao H, Luo Y. MAPK: A Key Player in the Development and Progression of Stroke. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 19:248-256. [PMID: 32533818 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200613223018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Conclusion:
Stroke is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors, and its etiological
mechanism has not been fully clarified yet, which brings great challenges to its effective prevention
and treatment. MAPK signaling pathway regulates gene expression of eukaryotic cells and basic cellular
processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, metabolism and apoptosis, which are
considered as therapeutic targets for many diseases. Up to now, mounting evidence has shown that
MAPK signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis and development of ischemic stroke. However,
the upstream kinase and downstream kinase of MAPK signaling pathway are complex and the
influencing factors are numerous, the exact role of MAPK signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of
ischemic stroke has not been fully elucidated. MAPK signaling molecules in different cell types in the
brain respond variously after stroke injury, therefore, the present review article is committed to summarizing
the pathological process of different cell types participating in stroke, discussed the mechanism
of MAPK participating in stroke. We further elucidated that MAPK signaling pathway molecules
can be used as therapeutic targets for stroke, thus promoting the prevention and treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Bu L, Dai O, Zhou F, Liu F, Chen JF, Peng C, Xiong L. Traditional Chinese medicine formulas, extracts, and compounds promote angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110855. [PMID: 33059257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, such as ischemic heart diseases and ischemic stroke, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Angiogenic therapy is a wide-ranging approach to fighting ischemic diseases. However, compared with anti-angiogenesis therapy for tumors, less attention has been paid to therapeutic angiogenesis. Recently, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered increasing interest for its definite curative effect and low toxicity. A growing number of studies have reported that TCM formulas, extracts, and compounds from herbal medicines exert pro-angiogenic activity, which has been confirmed in a few clinical trials. For comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, global and local databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using keywords such as "angiogenesis," "neovascularization," "traditional Chinese medicine," "formula," "extract," and "compound." Articles were chosen that are closely and directly related to pro-angiogenesis. This review summarizes the pro-angiogenic activity and the mechanism of TCM formulas, extracts, and compounds; it delivers an in-depth understanding of the relationship between TCM and pro-angiogenesis and will provide new ideas for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ou Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Liang Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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23
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Analysis and Anticancer Effects of Active Compounds from Spatholobi Caulis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8091193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in both developing and developed countries. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed nine constituent compounds from Spatholobi Caulis (gallic acid, (−)-gallocatechin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, procyanidin B1, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, catechin, procyanidin B2, epicatechin, and (−)-epicatechin gallate) and examined their anticancer effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The experimental results indicated that the gallic acid showed the strongest cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells among tested compounds whilst most of samples did not express inhibitory effect on viability of MDA-MB-231 cells, except for 70% ethanol extract of S. Caulis. Thus, gallic acid was chosen to extend anticancer mechanism study on MCF-7 cells. Our data showed that the gallic acid induced apoptotic MCF-7 cell death through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which increased the expression of cleaved caspase-7, -8, and -9, Bax and p53, but reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, the network pharmacological analysis pointed out that the p53, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), estrogen, and Wnt signaling pathways have a great correlation with the targets of gallic acid. This study suggested that gallic acid is a bioactive component of S. Caulis with potential to be used in chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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Guo X, Ma L, Li H, Qi X, Wei Y, Duan Z, Xu J, Wang C, You C, Tian M. Brainstem iron overload and injury in a rat model of brainstem hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:104956. [PMID: 32689646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brainstem hemorrhage (BSH) is the most devastating subtype of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with the highest mortality ranging from 56 % to 61.2 %. However, there is no effective medical or surgical therapy to improve its outcomes in clinic to date due to lack of understanding of its injury mechanisms. Herein, we explored the brainstem iron overload and injury in a rat model of BSH. METHODS Neurological scores were examined on day 1, 3, and 7 after modeling, and mortality of the rats was recorded to draft a survival curve. Rats were monitored by MRI using T2 and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) before sacrifice for examination of histology and immunofluorescence on day 1, 3, and 7. RESULTS BSH rats had a high mortality of 56 % and demonstrated the severe neurological deficits mimicking the clinical conditions. SWI showed that the same increasing tendency in change of hypointense area with that in iron deposition by Perls staining from day 1 to 7. Expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) had similar tendency and both peaked on day 3. Neuronal degeneration occurred and stayed elevated from day 1 to 7, while myelin sheath injury was initially observed on day 1 but without significant difference within 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The time courses of erythrocyte lysis, HO-1 expression, iron deposition and ROS generation are related to each other after BSH. Besides, brainstem injury including neuronal degeneration and myelin damage were observed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Guo
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lu Ma
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Qi
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yang Wei
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Zhongxin Duan
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chao You
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Meng Tian
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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Li Y, Sun J, Wu R, Bai J, Hou Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Meng X. Mitochondrial MPTP: A Novel Target of Ethnomedicine for Stroke Treatment by Apoptosis Inhibition. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:352. [PMID: 32269527 PMCID: PMC7109312 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), across the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria, is a nonspecific channel for signal transduction or material transfer between mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm such as maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress signals, and protein translocation evoked by some of stimuli. Continuous MPTP opening has been proved to stimulate neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced apoptosis has shown excellent efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Among of which, the potential molecular mechanisms of drug therapy for stroke has also been gradually revealed by researchers. The characteristics of multi-components or multi-targets for ethnic drugs also provide the possibility to treat stroke from the perspective of mitochondrial MPTP. The advantages mentioned above make it necessary for us to explore and clarify the new perspective of ethnic medicine in treating stroke and to determine the specific molecular mechanisms through advanced technologies as much as possible. In this review, we attempt to uncover the relationship between abnormal MPTP opening and neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. We further summarized currently authorized drugs, ethnic medicine prescriptions, herbs, and identified monomer compounds for inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced ischemic neuron apoptosis. Finally, we strive to provide a new perspective and enlightenment for ethnic medicine in the prevention and treatment of stroke by inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxin Li
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Lv SY, Chen WD, Wang YD. The Apelin/APJ System in Psychosis and Neuropathy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:320. [PMID: 32231577 PMCID: PMC7082832 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apelin, an endogenous neuropeptide, has been identified as the cognate ligand for the G-protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin, APJ messenger RNA, and protein are widely expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of humans and animals. The apelin/APJ system has been implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. The present article reviews the progress of the latest research investigating the apelin/APJ system in pain, depression, anxiety, memory, epilepsy, neuroprotection, stroke, and brain injury and protection, and highlights its promising potential as a therapeutic target for treatment of psychosis and neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Cui Y, Li X, Yang H. In-depth transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the hippocampus and cortex in a rat model after cerebral ischemic injury and repair by Shuxuetong (SXT) injection. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112362. [PMID: 31676400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of systematic descriptions and characterization of strokes and their effects in both the cerebral hippocampus and cortex. Shuxuetong (SXT) injection was reported to have good therapeutic effects in the clinic; therefore, it was selected as a drug intervention method for cerebral ischemia repair in rat models. The aim of this study was to understand the features of molecules and pathways and to reveal key processes of SXT repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS Evaluation of neurological deficit and infarct volume measurement was used to estimate the pharmacological effects of SXT injection on Ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) model rats. LC-MS/MS and RNA-Seq analysis were used to analyze the proteins and mRNA expression in the cerebral hippocampus and cortex 6 h and 24 h after ischemic injury and repair. A label-free approach (IBAQ) for proteomics analysis and FPKM based on gene read count for transcriptomics analysis were used to quantify the differences among the three experimental groups (Sham, Model and SXT-treated groups). Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses were verified by RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS By combining LC-MS/MS and RNA-Seq, eight larger datasets (two time points and two tissues) were confidently identified in more than three biological replicates. An average of 4500 unique proteins and 8200 protein-coding genes were confidently identified. By combining the subcellular localization, hierarchical clustering, pathway enrichment analysis in the injury and repair phase, six core proteins and related genes that were significantly expressed were verified as candidates for cerebral ischemic injury by western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Meanwhile, the results indicated that there was better expression in the 6 h group by significant proteomics analysis during the development and progression of cerebral ischemia. Two primary co-enriched pathways, the PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, and six related core candidates may play key roles in molecular mechanisms related to cerebral ischemic injury and repair by SXT injection. CONCLUSION Our data not only identified six core candidates and two key signaling pathways for cerebral ischemic injury and verification but also provided evidence for the explanation, prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia by SXT injection. The results of the present study provide evidence for the explanation, prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemia by SXT injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yiran Cui
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Xianyu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Zheng Y, Yang F, Han L, Gou X, Lian F, Liu W, Zhao L, Pang B, Zhao X, Tong X. Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Moderate-Severe Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Study. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:4035861. [PMID: 31950063 PMCID: PMC6948321 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4035861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pDPN) is a debilitating complication of diabetes. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the effectiveness of a Chinese herbal medicine regimen-the modified Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD)-in the treatment of moderate-severe pDPN. The primary objective was to estimate the improvement in neuropathic pain severity. The secondary objective was to assess the response of common symptoms to the treatment. The change in patients' blood glucose level during the whole treatment was also evaluated. By searching through our medical records of all the diabetic patients from January 2006 to January 2012, we identified and enrolled 30 moderate and severe pDPN patients in the study, for whom the treatment of neuropathic pain by regular pharmacotherapies had failed. The modified HGWD treatment was administered orally twice a day for 6 months. The numerical rating scale (NRS) level at month 6 was 2.57 ± 2.30, significantly improved compared with the baseline level of 6.03 ± 1.83 (P < 0.05). The amelioration of 3 common symptoms, namely, limb pain, limb numbness, and insomnia, was evident, and the major response of common symptoms at month 6 including limb pain, insomnia, and limb coldness was significantly increased compared with the results at month 3 (P < 0.05). Moreover, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) level decreased from 10.77 ± 1.29 mmol/L at baseline to 9.66 ± 0.60 mmol/L at month 6 (P < 0.05). No serious adverse events occurred throughout the treatment period. The modified HGWD was effective in the treatment of moderate and severe pDPN and can thus be offered as a new alternative treatment option for pDPN patients who failed to respond to regular pharmaceutical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaowen Gou
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Wenke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Bing Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiyan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
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Forouzanfar F, Read MI, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin through autophagy modulation. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:652-664. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research CenterMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Morgayn I. Read
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - George E. Barreto
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Limerick Limerick Ireland
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA Tehran Iran
- Biotechnology Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Chang J, Sun W, Zeng J, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Pan X, Zhou Y, Lai M, Bian G, Zhou Q, Liu J, Chen B, Guo F, Ma F. Establishment of an in vitro system based on AGM-S3 co-culture for screening traditional herbal medicines that stimulate hematopoiesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 240:111938. [PMID: 31077780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Spatholobus suberectus Dunn is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that can activate blood, dispel stasis, inhibit platelet aggregation, and stimulate hematopoiesis, and thereby treat anemia and diseases related to blood stasis syndrome (BSS). However, its hematopoiesis-stimulating activity is not well understood. AIM OF STUDY Four phenolic compounds (daidzein, formononetin, catechin, and procyandin B2) were isolated and purified from stems of S. suberectus, and tested using an in vitro hematopoiesis system. MATERIALS AND METHODS An AGM-S3 co-culture system for hematopoiesis derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) was employed to explore effects on hematopoiesis. At different stages, extracts from Spatholobus suberectus Dunn were added to the co-culture system at concentrations of 2, 10, or 50 μM, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), hematopoietic colony culturing, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to probe changes in hematopoietic progenitors and erythroid progenitors. RESULTS When H1 hESCs co-cultured with AGM-S3 were added along with 10 μM catechin from day 12 (D12), proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic and erythroid progenitors from hESCs was increased based on FACS with antibodies recognizing CD34/CD45 and GPA/CD71. Hematopoiesis colony culturing further confirmed the promotion effect of catechin on hematopoiesis, and other active fractions did not significantly promote hematopoiesis. qRT-PCR revealed that some important genes related to hematopoiesis and erythroid were up-regulated followed catechin exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that catechin, an active ingredient of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn, can increase the efficiency of hematopoiesis, including hematopoietic and erythroid progenitors, consistent with previous reports. The AGM-S3 co-culture system could provide an effective tool for screening active compounds in TCMs that promote hematopoiesis, and may be of clinical and pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Wencui Sun
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jiahui Zeng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Xu Pan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Mowen Lai
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Guohui Bian
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Qiongxiu Zhou
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China.
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Feng Ma
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Guo X, Qi X, Li H, Duan Z, Wei Y, Zhang F, Tian M, Ma L, You C. Deferoxamine Alleviates Iron Overload and Brain Injury in a Rat Model of Brainstem Hemorrhage. World Neurosurg 2019; 128:e895-e904. [PMID: 31082547 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brainstem hemorrhage (BSH) is the most dangerous and devastating subtype of intracerebral hemorrhage and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, to date, no effective prevention methods or specific therapies have been available to improve its clinical outcomes. We preliminarily explored the efficacy of deferoxamine (DFO), a clinical chelator known for its iron-scavenging activities, in a rat model of BSH induced with collagenase infusion. METHODS DFO or saline was administrated 6 hours after BSH induction and then every 12 hours for ≤7 days. The survival curve of the rats was created, and the neurological scores were examined on days 1, 3, and 7 after BSH. The rats were sacrificed after 1, 3, and 7 days of DFO treatment for histological examination and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results showed that administration of DFO delayed erythrocytes lysis, reduced iron deposition, reduced reactive oxygen species generation, reduced heme oxygenase-1 expression, and alleviated brain injury such as neuron degeneration and myelin sheath injury. However, DFO did not improve the survival rate and neurobehavioral outcomes in this model. CONCLUSIONS Administration of DFO had limited therapeutic effects on collagenase-induced brainstem hemorrhage in rats. Some potential explanations were proposed, and more preclinical work is required to clarify the controversial curative effect of DFO in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongxin Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao You
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; West China Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hou Y, Wang J, Feng J. The neuroprotective effects of curcumin are associated with the regulation of the reciprocal function between autophagy and HIF-1α in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1135-1144. [PMID: 31040648 PMCID: PMC6461000 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s194182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The beneficial, neuroprotective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury have been demonstrated. In the present study, whether curcumin exerts neuroprotective effects associated with the inhibition of autophagy and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was investigated. Materials and methods PC12 cellular model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) has been developed to mimic cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell viability was evaluated using the CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay. Apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. The expression levels of HIF-1α and autophagy-associated proteins, LC3 and P62, were examined using Western blot. The autophagy flux was quantitatively estimated based on the number of autophagic compartments using fluorescence microscopy. In addition, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was administered to PC12 cells to investigate how autophagy affects HIF-1α. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of HIF-1α on autophagy activation level were examined. Results In this study, curcumin decreased the death and apoptosis of cells, and inhibited autophagy and HIF-1α under OGD/R conditions, consistent with 3-MA treatment or HIF-1α downregulation. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy caused a decrease in HIF-1α, and the attenuation of HIF-1α induced autophagy suppression under OGD/R conditions. Conclusion The results of this study showed that curcumin exerts neuroprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion, which is associated with the regulation of the reciprocal function between autophagy and HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hou
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China,
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, People's Republic of China,
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The mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK. Brain Res Bull 2019; 147:1-13. [PMID: 30731111 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The previous studies have shown that glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) participates in cerebral ischemic injury in rats. However, the mechanism involved remains to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to investigate whether p38 MAPK was involved in regulating GLT-1 in the process. At first, it was observed that global brain ischemia for 8 min led to obvious delayed neuronal death, GLT-1 down-regulation and p-p38 MAPK up-regulation in CA1 hippocampus in rats. Then, whether p-p38 MAPK was involved in regulating GLT-1 during cerebral ischemic injury was studied in vitro. Astrocyte-neuron co-cultures exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were used to mimic brain ischemia. It was observed that lethal OGD (4-h OGD) decreased GLT-1 expression and increased p-p38 MAPK expression in astrocytes. The p-p38 MAPK protein rised from 0 min to 48 h that is the end time of the observation, and the peak value was at 12 h, which was 12.45 times of the control group. Moreover, pre-administration of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or its siRNA dose-dependently increased GLT-1 expression, and meanwhile alleviated the neuronal death induced by lethal OGD. The above results indicated that p38 MAPK signaling pathway participated in regulating GLT-1 during OGD injury in vitro. Finally, back to in vivo experiment, it was found that pre-administration of SB203580 by intracerebroventricular injection dose-dependently reversed the down-regulation of GLT-1 expression and attenuated the delayed neuronal death normally induced by global brain ischemia in CA1 hippocampus in rats. Taken together, it can be concluded that the mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK.
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Immune Cells After Ischemic Stroke Onset: Roles, Migration, and Target Intervention. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:342-355. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Xing Y, Yang SD, Wang MM, Dong F, Feng YS, Zhang F. Electroacupuncture Alleviated Neuronal Apoptosis Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats via Midkine and ERK/JNK/p38 Signaling Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:26-36. [PMID: 30062439 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) intervention administered at rats of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion. Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups, consisting of sham group, MCAO/R group, and EA group. EA treatment at Quchi and Zusanli acupoints was applied in rats of EA group at 24 h after MCAO once per day for 3 days. Our results indicated that EA treatment reduced infarct volumes and neurological deficits, as well alleviated the apoptotic cells in peri-infarct cortex, indicating that EA exerted neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemic rats. Moreover, EA treatment may effectively reverse the upregulation of caspase-3 and Bim and alleviate the inhibition of Bcl-2 following 72-h ischemic stroke. EA may significantly reverse the promoted relative density level of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, and p-p38 in the EA group compared with the MCAO/R group. In addition, the growth factor midkine (MK) was upregulated at 72 h after MCAO/R, and EA treatment may significantly prompt expression of MK. Our study demonstrated that EA exerted neuroprotective effect against neuronal apoptosis and the mechanism might involve in upregulation of MK and mediation of ERK/JNK/p38 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Dong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Shuo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China. .,Hebei Provincial Orthopedic Biomechanics Key Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China.
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