Study of interleukin-10 promoter region polymorphisms (-1082A/G, -819T/C and -592A/C) in type 1 diabetes mellitus in Turkish population

Evaluation of serum placenta-specific gene 8 protein, total antioxidant capacity, interleukin-10, interleukin-17A, interleukin-21 and interleukin-33 levels in Turkish women with gestational diabetes mellitus

PURPOSE

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that begins or is diagnosed during pregnancy. Our study aimed to establish a correlation between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory response in order to be able to develop treatment strategies and determine early diagnosis biomarkers in the sera of cases diagnosed with GDM. Moreover, we aimed to investigate interleukin (IL), placenta-specific gene 8 protein (PLAC8) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in patients with GDM.

METHODS

A total of 121 patients were included in the study. These were divided into four patient groups: pregnant and diagnosed with DM (P-GDM, n=30); pregnant and not diagnosed with DM (P-NGDM, n=32); non-pregnant diagnosed with DM (NP-DM, n=29) and non-pregnant and not diagnosed with DM (NPNDM, n=30). IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-33, PLAC8 and TAC determinations from patients were evaluated by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay) method.

RESULTS

IL-10 and IL-33 concentrations were found to be significantly higher in P-GDM and NP-DM patient groups compared to P-NGDM and NP-NDM groups (p<0.001). The PLAC8 level in the P-GDM patient group (20.38±5.37) was determined to be significantly higher than in the P-NGDM patient group (3.41±2.17, p<0.001). TAC in the P-NGDM and NP-NDM groups (12.42±2.31 vs. 12.96±3.78, p<0.001) was determined to be significantly higher than in the P-GDM and NP-DM groups (4.8±0.52 vs. 2.21±0.71, p<0.001).

DISCUSSION

The fact that the importance of PLAC8 level and TAC in the diagnosis and follow-up of GDM in pregnancy is demonstrated for the first time in this study shows that it is unique.

Interleukin-10 levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphism with diabetes and its complication was recently established, while there were few kinds of research considering the potential role of IL-10 in gestational diabetes (GDM). This study aimed to systematically review the association between serum IL-10 level and GDM susceptibility.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search for the published studies in PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and Google Scholar databases was performed for English language papers published up to 31st July 2020. Following key terms were used: "Cytokine level" OR "Interleukin-10" OR "IL-10," OR "Pro-inflammatory Cytokines" OR "gestational diabetes mellitus" OR "GDM." Fixed or random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled SDM and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Begg's funnel plot was used to assess the potential for publication bias.

RESULTS

In our meta-analysis, a total of ten studies for the risk of GDM involving 609 GDM cases and 664 controls were included. No significant association between IL-10 levels and risk of GDM as compared to control subjects (SMD = -0.09, 95% CI = -0.73 to 0.55). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity also does not reveal any association between IL-10 levels and risk of GDM as compared to control subjects has more or less similar trends in Caucasian (SMD = -0.07, 95% CI = -0.58 to 0.45) as well as Asian population (SMD = -0.03, 95% CI = -1.56 to 1.49).

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that the serum IL-10 level may not be significantly associated with an increased risk of susceptibility to GDM. Further well-designed prospective studies embedded with a large sample size are needed to confirm these findings.

Genetic association between interleukin-10 gene rs1518111 and rs3021094 polymorphisms and risk of type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in Egyptian children and adolescents

OBJECTIVE

Genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in etiopathogenesis and progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Genetic association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with T2DM and DN was recently established. We aimed to explore the potential genetic risk of IL-10 gene rs1518111 and rs3021094 SNPs in susceptibility to T1DM and DN.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Cross-sectional study included 140 T1DM children, of whom 74 had DN and 90 controls. IL-10 gene rs1518111 and rs3021094 SNP were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique of the extracted genomic DNA from participants. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to explore the association between IL-10 gene polymorphisms and the risk of T1DM and DN.

RESULTS

For rs1518111 SNP, AA genotype was associated with high risk of T1DM (OR = 4.53; CI = 2.11-9.74; p < 0.001), while A allele was associated with high risk of both T1DM (OR = 3.35; CI = 2.20-5.09; p < 0.001) and DN (OR = 2.36; CI = 1.27-4.38; p = 0.006). For rs3021094 SNP, AC genotype displayed lower risk to develop T1DM (OR = 0.35; CI = 0.13-0.94; p = 0.037), while A allele displayed higher risk to develop T1DM (OR = 1.69; CI = 1.11-2.56; p = 0.013). GA and AC haplotypes of rs1518111 and rs3021094 had lower ORs for having T1DM and DN, while GC had lower OR for having T1DM.

CONCLUSIONS

AA genotype and A allele of IL-10 rs1518111 SNP could be linked to increased risk for T1DM and DN among Egyptian children. None of rs3021094 genotypes or alleles displayed significant association with DN. GA and AC haplotypes could be protective against T1DM and DN susceptibility.

Interleukin 10 gene polymorphisms and frailty syndrome in elderly Mexican people: (Sadem study)

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome, characterized by a loss in functional reserve with an increase in morbidity and mortality. There are no reports that link the genetic polymorphisms between interleukin 10 (IL10) and frailty; for this reason, our objective was used to analyze the role of the polymorphisms of IL10 (rs1800896, rs1800871) in the susceptibility to frailty in a Mexican population. Our study included 984 participants divided into 368 nonfrail, 309 prefrail, and 307 frail. The models for the polymorphisms rs1800896 and rs1800871 were recessive models in association with frailty (OR = 2.3, CI 95% = 1.6–3.2; OR = 1.53, CI 95% = 1.0–2.6), respectively. Two risk haplotypes were identified: ACG and CCG (p < .0001), and three protective haplotypes were identified: ACA, ATG, and ATA (p < .05). This study evaluated the relationship between IL10 and the three subtypes of this geriatric syndrome (frail, prefrail, and nonfrail). These results support a greater susceptibility to frailty for the minor alleles of rs1800871 and rs1800896. In addition, we found two risk haplotypes supporting the participation of the IL10 in the susceptibility for frailty in the Mexican population.

Novel Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphism Is Linked to Gestational Diabetes in Taiwanese Population

Objective: The association of interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphism with diabetes and its complication was recently established, while there were few researches considering the potential role of IL-10 in gestational diabetes (GDM). This study aimed to investigate the association between IL-10 gene rs1800896 (−1082 A/G), rs1800871 (−819 T/C), rs1800872 (−592 A/C), and rs3021094 (3388 A/C) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and GDM susceptibility.

Methods: This study included 72 GDM patients and 100 healthy pregnant women. Direct sequencing of the products from polymerase chain reactions of the extracted genomic DNA from study subjects were conducted for analyzing IL-10 gene polymorphism and further genotype frequencies were compared. Plasma IL-10 concentration was measured by ELISA method.

Results: The results revealed no significant difference in −592 A/C, −819 T/C, and −1082 A/G genotypes. Significantly increased prevalence of A allele (P = 0.028, OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.081–2.64) and A/A genotype (P = 0.031, OR = 2.881, 95% CI = 1.145–7.250) at a previously un-characterized rs3021094 SNP were discovered in the GDM group. Increased IL-10 levels and insulin resistance were also related to the genotype of rs3021094. The risk of GDM was increased when IL-10 level was over 6.5 pg/ml.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that A allele and A/A genotype of rs3021094 SNP in IL-10 gene were linked to increased risk for GDM, IL-10 plasma level and insulin resistance, which could be potential targets for early screening and detection of GDM.

Promoter variants of TNF-α rs1800629 and IL-10 rs1800871 are independently associated with the susceptibility of coronary artery disease in north Indian

BACKGROUND

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are considered as a pro inflammatory and interleukin-10 (IL-10) anti inflammatory have been shown to predict the risk of incident of coronary artery disease (CAD). The polymorphism at promoter of TNF-α and IL-10 has been shown to increase transcriptional activity of the gene and play a important role in patho physiology of CAD. Aim of present study is to examine the impact of the TNF-α and IL-10 variant allele on various markers of the CAD and to study its relation with circulating TNF-α and IL-10 levels.

METHODS

The -308 G/A & -238 G/A of TNF-α and -1082 G/A & -819 C/T of IL-10 gene polymorphism has been studied in 301 diagnosed CAD subjects (Age 51.50 ± 9.28; BMI 25.30 ± 3.58) and 305 healthy controls (Age 51.57 ± 9.50; BMI 24.06 ± 7.26). These polymorphism of TNF-α and IL-10 were detected by real time PCR by using Taqman SNP genotyping assay. Furthermore serum TNF-alpha and IL-10 levels were also measured by ELISA.

RESULTS

Allelic and genotypic frequencies did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the controls (p > 0.05). On allele contrast, significant association with susceptibility to CAD was detected with polymorphisms in TNF-α -308 G/A, that variant genotype GA + AA (dominant model) (p = 0.030: OR = 1.61: 95% CI = 1.06-2.44) and variant allele (A) (p = 0.006: OR = 1.71: 95% CI = 1.17-2.51) of TNF-α 308 G/A gene was significant highly observed in the cases as compared to control group. Furthermore, variant genotype CT + TT (dominant model) (p = 0.004: OR = 1.62: 95% CI = 1.17-2.24) and variant allele (T) (p < 0.001: OR = 1.49: 95% CI = 1.17-1.89) of IL-10 -819 C/T gene was significant highly observed in the cases as compared to control group.

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that the TNF-α G-308A polymorphism independently associated with DBP, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, TNF-α and IL-10 levels which may be leads to the development of coronary artery disease of North Indians.

Association of IL-10 gene (-1082A>G, -819C>T and -592C>A) polymorphism and its serum level with metabolic syndrome of north Indian subjects

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an inflammatory disorder, in which various cytokines play important role in tilting balance towards disease state. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important antiinflammatory cytokine, but its genetic polymorphisms and serum levels in Indian MetS subjects are unknown. Three IL-10 gene polymorphisms (-1082A>G (rs1800896), -819C>T (rs1800872) and -592C>A (rs1800871)) were genotyped with PCR-RFLP in MetS subjects (n = 384) and age/sex matched control subjects (n = 386). Serum IL-10 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum IL-10 level was significantly low in MetS subject and significantly correlated with clinicobiochemical parameters of MetS. Of three investigated promoter polymorphisms, IL-10 -819C> T and -592C>A were significantly associated with risk of MetS. The mutant alleles -819T and -592A of IL-10 gene polymorphism were significantly higher in MetS subjects compared to controls. Of the four different haplotypes obtained, common ACC haplotype and rare GTA haplotype of IL-10 polymorphisms were associated with MetS. The mean of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly different between the genotypes of both -819 C>T and -592C>A polymorphisms of IL-10 in MetS subjects. These results suggested that polymorphisms in IL-10 gene (-819C>T and -592C>A), haplotypes (ACC and GTA) and serum level are significantly associated with risk of MetS. IL- 10 -819C>T and -592C>A polymorphic variants are also significantly associated with insulin level and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance in north Indian MetS subjects.

Association Between IL-10 Gene Polymorphism and Diabetic Retinopathy

Background

Genetic and environmental factors both play important roles in the occurrence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). IL-10 592 gene polymorphism is associated with diabetes pathogenesis. This study analyzed the relationship between IL-10 gene promoter-592 loci polymorphism (SNP) in a diabetic model rats with DR.

Material/Methods

Streptozotocin (STZ) was injected through the tail vein to establish a diabetic rat model. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups for 3 months’ feeding, including 100 rats in the diabetes-positive control group and 100 rats only injected with citric acid buffer as the blank control group. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was used to observe retinal vascular changes. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment polymorphisms assay (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect IL-10 gene promoter-592 loci polymorphism in DNA samples. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to test serum IL-10 concentration.

Results

Serum IL-10 level in DR rats was 33.18±5.0 pg/mL and in the control rats it was 53.33±4.16 pg/mL in (P<0.01). Diabetes susceptibility with IL-10-592 genotype frequency and gene frequency analysis showed that IL-10-592 genotype frequency and allele frequency were significantly different in the DR group compared with the control group (P<0.01).

Conclusions

IL-10 592 polymorphism was associated with DR susceptibility, suggesting that the gene polymorphism might be a risk factor for DR.

Genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory response genes and their associations with breast cancer risk

Aim

To explore the association of NFKB1 c.-798_-795delATTG (rs28362491), NFKBIA c.-949C>T (rs2233406), IL-8 c.-352A>T (rs4073), IL-10 c.-854T>C (rs1800871), TNF c.-418G>A (rs361525), and TNF c.-488G>A (rs1800629) polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in an East Chinese population.

Methods

We conducted a case-control study including 975 study participants (474 breast cancer patients and 501 female controls without cancer) and genotyped the polymorphisms employing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Logistic regression was used to assess the association of the polymorphisms with breast cancer risk.

Results

We found that the ins/del and del/del genotypes of NFKB1 polymorphism and TT genotype of IL-10 polymorphism significantly increased breast cancer risk (NFKB1 ins/del odds ratio [OR] 1.69, 95% [CI] 1.23-2.33, P = 0.001; NFKB1 del/del OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.72-3.42, P < 0.001; IL-10 TT OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.58-3.52, P < 0.001). On the other hand, the TT genotype of IL-8 polymorphism, GA and AA genotypes of TNF c.-418G>A polymorphism, and GA genotype of TNF c.-488G>A polymorphism significantly reduced breast cancer risk (IL-8 TT OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.33-0.72, P < 0.001; TNF c.-418 GA OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.41-0.80, P = 0.001; TNF c.-418 AA OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.14-0.98, P = 0.044; TNF c.-488 GA OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48-0.96, P = 0.029). When stratified by menopausal status, the CT genotype of NFKBIA polymorphism significantly reduced the risk among pre-menopausal women (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40-0.99, P = ,043), but not among post-menopausal women.

Conclusions

NFKB1, NFKBIA, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF polymorphisms could serve as useful predictive biomarkers for breast cancer risk among women in East China.

An interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphism (-592A/C) associated with type 2 diabetes: a North Indian study

In this first report on the association of an IL-10 promoter polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a North Indian population, the -592A/C SNP (rs1800872) was genotyped by PCR-RFLP and the IL-10 level measured using ELISA. Although no significant difference was observed in the genotypic frequencies (P = 0.657), diabetes patients carried a significantly higher number of A alleles at the -592 position, 25.6% (P < 0.001, odds ratio 0.887, 95% CI 0.670-1.184). Significant correlations were detected in postprandial glucose levels of CC-genotype patients and controls (P = 0.025), age and waist-hip ratio of CA patients and controls (P ≤ 0.001), and fasting glucose (P = 0.045) and low-density lipoprotein (P = 0.049) in all patients and controls. The serum IL-10 level was significantly higher in patients than in controls (P = 0.033). The polymorphism was significantly associated with disease incidence and its biochemical manifestations.

Nucleotide sequences and chromosomal localization of 45S and 5S rDNA in Neolissochilus hexagonolepis (Pisces, Cyprinidae), using dual-color fish

Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to study the simultaneous localization of major (45S) and minor (5S) family ribosomal RNA genes on chromosomes of Neolissochilus hexagonolepis. The partial 45S (18S, ITS 1, 5.8S, ITS 2 and 28S) and complete 5S (coding and NTS) rDNA units were amplified, sequenced, analyzed, and mapped on the metaphase chromosomes. The complete 18S, 5.8S and partial 28S rDNAs were 1849 bp, 157 bp and 1819 bp long, respectively. Internal transcribed spacers, namely ITS 1 (828 bp) and ITS 2 (359 bp), showed significant nucleotide variations from other fish species listed in NCBI database. The 5S rDNA contained an identical coding region of 120 bp and a highly divergent, non-transcribed 81-bp spacer. The specimens of N. hexagonolepis showed six bright fluorescent signals of 18S, while the 5S signals were present only on one pair of chromosomes. Subsequent analyses between conventional Ag-NORs and 18S rDNA FISH strongly suggested the possible inactivation of one pair of NORs that was localized at a telomeric position of a submetacentric chromosome. The sequencing and chromosomal localization of 45S and 5S rDNAs may serve as a useful genetic marker in taxonomic classification as well as in phylogenetic and evolutionary studies.