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Ortiz-Martínez M, Molina González JA, Ramírez García G, de Luna Bugallo A, Justo Guerrero MA, Strupiechonski EC. Enhancing Sensitivity and Selectivity in Pesticide Detection: A Review of Cutting-Edge Techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:1468-1484. [PMID: 38726957 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The primary goal of our review was to systematically explore and compare the state-of-the-art methodologies employed in the detection of pesticides, a critical component of global food safety initiatives. New approach methods in the fields of luminescent nanosensors, chromatography, terahertz spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are discussed as precise, rapid, and versatile strategies for pesticide detection in food items and agroecological samples. Luminescent nanosensors emerge as powerful tools, noted for their portability and unparalleled sensitivity and real-time monitoring capabilities. Liquid and gas chromatography coupled to spectroscopic detectors, stalwarts in the analytical chemistry field, are lauded for their precision, wide applicability, and validation in diverse regulatory environments. Terahertz spectroscopy offers unique advantages such as noninvasive testing, profound penetration depth, and bulk sample handling. Meanwhile, Raman spectroscopy stands out with its nondestructive nature, its ability to detect even trace amounts of pesticides, and its minimal requirement for sample preparation. While acknowledging the maturity and robustness of these techniques, our review underscores the importance of persistent innovation. These methodologies' significance extends beyond their present functions, highlighting their adaptability to meet ever-evolving challenges. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1468-1484. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Ortiz-Martínez
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías, Ciudad de México, México
- Centro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Jorge Alberto Molina González
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Gonzalo Ramírez García
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Andrés de Luna Bugallo
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Manuel Alejandro Justo Guerrero
- Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale Superiore, National Enterprise for nanoScience and nanoTechnology Consiglio Nazionale della Richerche, Pisa, Italy
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Torabi E, Talebi K, Pourbabaee AA, Homayoonzadeh M, Ghamari MJ, Ebrahimi S, Faridy N. Optimizing the QuEChERS method for efficient monitoring of fipronil, thiobencarb, and cartap residues in paddy soils with varying properties. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:125. [PMID: 38195960 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to optimize the QuEChERS methodology for extracting three pesticides (fipronil, thiobencarb, and cartap) from two paddy soils with distinct characteristics. Various modifications were explored to enhance extraction efficiency, employing acetonitrile (MeCN) or ethyl acetate (EtOAc) for extraction and primary-secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) for the clean-up. Assessment criteria included accuracy, precision, linearity, detection limits, uncertainty, and matrix effects. Results revealed that the clayey soil with lower organic carbon (OC) content (1.26%) and 100% moisture yielded the highest pesticide recoveries (113.72%, 115.73%, and 116.41% for FIP, THIO, and CART, respectively). In contrast, the silty clayey soil with higher OC content (2.91%) and 20% water content exhibited poor recoveries (< 60%). FIP and CART demonstrated better recoveries with MeCN, while THIO performed better with EtOAc under specific moisture conditions. Clean-up sorbents significantly reduced FIP and CART recoveries, with THIO recoveries less affected. Acidifying with HCl substantially improved CART recovery. EtOAc introduced a moderate to strong matrix effect for FIP and THIO, while MeCN in soils with 100% moisture resulted in a strong matrix effect for CART. The study highlighted the substantial impact of extraction conditions, pesticide properties, and soil conditions on the outcomes of the QuEChERS method. A comprehensive understanding of these interplays was deemed crucial for accurately quantifying pesticide residues in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehssan Torabi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Khalil Talebi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Homayoonzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Ghamari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyedali Ebrahimi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nastaran Faridy
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Du Y, Wang Q, Yang G, Han F. Determination of 43 pesticide residues in intact grape berries (Vitis Vinifera L.) by using an ultrasound-assisted acetonitrile extraction method followed by LC–MS/MS. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dumitriu Gabur GD, Gabur I, Cucolea EI, Costache T, Rambu D, Cotea VV, Teodosiu C. Investigating Six Common Pesticides Residues and Dietary Risk Assessment of Romanian Wine Varieties. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152225. [PMID: 35892809 PMCID: PMC9368409 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The food and environmental safety debate extends to the use of pesticides in agriculture including the wine sector, which is one of the most intensive pesticide users across the agricultural sector. Pesticide utilisation is a common agricultural practice to protect fruits and plants from pathogens and insects while maintaining high production levels. Grapevine is generally a crop that is subject to intensive phytosanitary treatments, and therefore, it can be assumed that pesticide residues will accumulate in the vine-shoots and, later on, end up in the grapes and wines. The aim of this study was to determine the pesticide content in red, rosé, and white wines after phytosanitary treatments applied in the vineyard and their impact on long-term dietary risks. The following six pesticides were analysed: oxathiapiprolin, myclobutanil, iprovalicarb, tebuconazole, chlorantraniliprole, and acetamiprid. Samples were extracted using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method and analysed for the residues of pesticides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicated that the observed pesticides in the wine samples ranged between 0.05 and 0.75 ng/g. Dietary risks due to pesticide residues for women and men were evaluated using the estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) of wines. The HQs and HIs did not surpass the 1 value (HQ, HI < 1) for both women and men, denoting that the concentrations of pesticide residues in these wine samples do not pose any immediate risk to consumers. Moreover, a pesticide residue intake model (PRIMo) model analysis was conducted, and the results suggest that European adult consumers have a low pesticide residue intake due to moderate wine consumption. However, pesticide residue intakes have been associated with several human health problems and high toxicity levels, therefore reliable analytical methods to monitor their presence in horticultural crops is crucial for clean and safe food products and healthy consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana-Diana Dumitriu Gabur
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Faculty of Horticulture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Iulian Gabur
- Department of Plant Science, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Elena Iulia Cucolea
- Scient Research Centre for Instrumental Analysis, Tancabești, 077167 Ilfov, Romania; (E.I.C.); (T.C.); (D.R.)
| | - Teodor Costache
- Scient Research Centre for Instrumental Analysis, Tancabești, 077167 Ilfov, Romania; (E.I.C.); (T.C.); (D.R.)
| | - Dan Rambu
- Scient Research Centre for Instrumental Analysis, Tancabești, 077167 Ilfov, Romania; (E.I.C.); (T.C.); (D.R.)
| | - Valeriu V. Cotea
- Faculty of Horticulture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 700490 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Carmen Teodosiu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (I.G.); (C.T.)
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González-Curbelo MÁ, Varela-Martínez DA, Riaño-Herrera DA. Pesticide-Residue Analysis in Soils by the QuEChERS Method: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134323. [PMID: 35807567 PMCID: PMC9268078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are among the most important contaminants worldwide due to their wide use, persistence, and toxicity. Their presence in soils is not only important from an environmental point of view, but also for food safety issues, since such residues can migrate from soils to food. However, soils are extremely complex matrices, which present a challenge to any analytical chemist, since the extraction of a wide range of compounds with diverse physicochemical properties, such as pesticides, at trace levels is not an easy task. In this context, the QuEChERS method (standing for quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) has become one of the most green and sustainable alternatives in this field due to its inherent advantages, such as fast sample preparation, the minimal use of hazardous reagents and solvents, simplicity, and low cost. This review is aimed at providing a critical revision of the most relevant modifications of the QuEChERS method (including the extraction and clean-up steps of the method) for pesticide-residue analysis in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Curbelo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad EAN, Calle 79 nº 11-45, Bogotá 110221, Colombia;
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-C.); (D.A.R.-H.)
| | | | - Diego Alejandro Riaño-Herrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Ambiental y Energías, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad EAN, Calle 79 nº 11-45, Bogotá 110221, Colombia
- Correspondence: (M.Á.G.-C.); (D.A.R.-H.)
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Słowik-Borowiec M, Szpyrka E, Książek-Trela P, Podbielska M. Simultaneous Determination of Multi-Class Pesticide Residues and PAHs in Plant Material and Soil Samples Using the Optimized QuEChERS Method and Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072140. [PMID: 35408539 PMCID: PMC9000817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New analytical approaches to the simultaneous identification and quantification of 94 pesticides and 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in five representative matrices (pepper, apple, lettuce, wheat, and soil) were developed. The analyses were based on gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The procedure was optimized by changing the solvent used during the extraction, from acetonitrile to the acetone: n-hexane mixture at a volume ratio of 1:4 (v/v), as well as the use of a reduced amount of water during the extraction of compounds from cereals. An additional modification was the use of florisil instead of GCB in the sample cleanup step. A full method validation study was performed, at two concentration levels (LOQ and 1000 × LOQ), which showed satisfactory results for all analytes from the PAHs group, with recoveries ranging from 70.7-115.1%, and an average RSD of 3.9%. Linearity was tested in the range of 0.001-1.000 mg/kg and showed coefficients of determination (R2) ≥ 0.99 for all PAHs. Satisfactory recovery and precision parameters (LOQ and 100 × LOQ) were achieved for almost all analytes from the pesticide group in the range of 70.1-119.3% with the mean RSD equal to 5.9%. The observed linearity for all analytes in the concentration range of 0.005-1.44 mg/kg was R2 ≥ 0.99, with the exception of famoxadone, chizalofop-p-ethyl, prothioconazole, spirodiclofen, tefluthrin, and zoxamid. The extended uncertainties were estimated, using a top-down approach of 9.9% (average) and 15.3% (average) for PAHs and pesticides samples, respectively (the coverage factor k = 2, the 95% confidence level). Ultimately, the method was successfully applied to determine pesticide residues in commercial samples of fruit, vegetables and grain, and soil samples for PAHs, which were collected from selected places in the Podkarpacie region. A total of 38 real samples were tested, in which 10 pesticides and 13 PAHs were determined. Proposed changes allow us to shorten the sample preparation time (by 20%) and to reduce the consumption of organic solvents (by 17%). The use of florisil for sample cleanup, instead of GCB, improves the recovery of compounds with flat particles.
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Aghris S, Alaoui OT, Laghrib F, Farahi A, Bakasse M, Saqrane S, Lahrich S, El Mhammedi M. Extraction and determination of flubendiamide insecticide in food samples: A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:401-413. [PMID: 35243353 PMCID: PMC8861570 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Aghris
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - O. Tahiri Alaoui
- Moulay Ismail University, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Materials and Environment, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - F. Laghrib
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular Materials, and Environment, Faculty of sciences, Fes, Morocco
| | - A. Farahi
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - M. Bakasse
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
- Chouaib Doukkali University, Organic Micropollutants Analysis Team, Faculty of Sciences, Morocco
| | - S. Saqrane
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - S. Lahrich
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - M.A. El Mhammedi
- Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Laboratory of Materials Science, Mathematics and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Khouribga, Morocco
- Corresponding author.
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Santiago MAP, dos Anjos JP, Nascimento MM, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB. A miniaturized simple binary solvent liquid phase microextraction (BS-LPME) procedure for pesticides multiresidues determination in red and rosè wines. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kosma CI, Koloka OL, Albanis TA, Konstantinou IK. Accurate mass screening of pesticide residues in wine by modified QuEChERS and LC-hybrid LTQ/Orbitrap-MS. Food Chem 2021; 360:130008. [PMID: 34000630 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction procedure and Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS), were combined to obtain a sensitive and rapid method for the determination of multiclass pesticides in white and red wines. The optimization strategy involved the selection of buffering conditions, by applying different QuEChERS procedures and sorbents for the cleanup step in order to achieve acceptably high recoveries and low co-extractives in the final extracts. Identification was based on both accurate mass and retention time, while further confirmation was achieved by MS fragmentation. The method was evaluated in terms of linearity, recovery, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), matrix effects (ME) and expanded uncertainty. The validated method was successfully applied to real samples (home-made and commercial) revealing the presence of two selected fungicides, in relatively low levels compared to the MRLs defined by the EU for vinification grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina I Kosma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ourania L Koloka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos A Albanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ioannis K Konstantinou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina 45110, Greece.
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Determination of maytansinoids in Trewia nudiflora using QuEChERS extraction combined with HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 198:113993. [PMID: 33677280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three maytansinoids with strong cytotoxicities, dehydrotrewiasine, maytanbutine, and trewiasine, were isolated and identified from Trewia nudiflora, and maytanbutine was obtained from this plant for the first time. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was established to determine the three maytansinoids in T. nudiflora. The effects of major factors on the extraction efficiency of the QuEChERS method were evaluated and the optimal conditions using acetonitrile-ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) as the extraction solvent and PestiCarb as the clean-up sorbents were established. Compared with Soxhlet extraction (SE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), the QuEChERS method was easy-to-operate and afforded a cleaner extract. A phenomenex HyperClone BDS C18 column was used for HPLC analysis. Methanol-acetonitrile-water was chosen as mobile phase for gradient elution. Method validation showed that all analytes showed good linearity (r > 0.999) over the investigated ranges and satisfactory recoveries ranging from 95.0% to 105.0%. The developed QuEChERS-HPLC method was simple, efficient, and applicable to the determination of maytansinoids in T. nudiflora.
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He NX, Bayen S. An overview of chemical contaminants and other undesirable chemicals in alcoholic beverages and strategies for analysis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3916-3950. [PMID: 33337040 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The presence of chemical contaminant in alcoholic beverages is a widespread and notable problem with potential implications for human health. With the complexity and wide variation in the raw materials, production processes, and contact materials involved, there are a multitude of opportunities for a diverse host of undesirable compounds to make their way into the final product-some of which may currently remain unidentified and undetected. This review provides an overview of the notable contaminants (including pesticides, environmental contaminants, mycotoxins, process-induced contaminants, residues of food contact material [FCM], and illegal additives) that have been detected in alcoholic products thus far based on prior reviews and findings in the literature, and will additionally consider the potential sources for contamination, and finally discuss and identify gaps in current analytical strategies. The findings of this review highlight a need for further investigation into unwanted substances in alcoholic beverages, particularly concerning chemical migrants from FCMs, as well as a need for comprehensive nontargeted analytical techniques capable of determining unanticipated contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Xiaohe He
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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12
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Liquid phase microextraction strategies and their application in the determination of endocrine disruptive compounds in food samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Słowik-Borowiec M, Szpyrka E. Selected food processing techniques as a factor for pesticide residue removal in apple fruit. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2361-2373. [PMID: 31776911 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, various food processing techniques, including high-temperature processes (pasteurization/sterilization and boiling), low-temperature processes (freezing), mechanical processing (peeling and juicing), and water-based processes (washing with tap water and ultrasonic washing) were used to identify the most effective way to remove contamination of 5 fungicides (cyprodinil, difenoconazole, fluopyram, tebuconazole, and fludioxonil). The most effective processes were juicing and freezing in the range between 63 and 100% and from 52 to almost 100%, respectively. Ultrasonic washing and boiling also significantly removed pesticide residues ranging from 79 to 84% and from 72 to 78%, respectively. The same trend was observed by peeling process where maximum reduction of 80% was achieved almost for all fungicides. Washing with tap water decreased the concentration levels in the range of 35-38%. This study demonstrated that the least effective and unpredictable method of decontamination of pesticides was sterilization and pasteurization, due to the large variation in pesticide levels during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Słowik-Borowiec
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 1 Pigoń St., 35-310, Rzeszów, Poland.
- Regional Experimental Station, The Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, 28 Gen. Langiewicz St., 35-101, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Ewa Szpyrka
- Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 1 Pigoń St., 35-310, Rzeszów, Poland
- Regional Experimental Station, The Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, 28 Gen. Langiewicz St., 35-101, Rzeszów, Poland
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Diagnostic detection systems and QuEChERS methods for multiclass pesticide analyses in different types of fruits: An overview from the last decade. Food Chem 2019; 298:124958. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.124958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Kalogiouri NP, Samanidou VF. Recent Trends in the Development of Green Microextraction Techniques for the Determination of Hazardous Organic Compounds in Wine. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666190328185337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background:The sample preparation is the most crucial step in the analytical method development. Taking this into account, it is easily understood why the domain of sample preparation prior to detection is rapidly developing. Following the modern trends towards the automation, miniaturization, simplification and minimization of organic solvents and sample volumes, green microextraction techniques witness rapid growth in the field of food quality and safety. In a globalized market, it is essential to face the consumers need and develop analytical methods that guarantee the quality of food products and beverages. The strive for the accurate determination of organic hazards in a famous and appreciated alcoholic beverage like wine has necessitated the development of microextraction techniques.Objective:The objective of this review is to summarize all the recent microextraction methodologies, including solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), single-drop microextraction (SDME) and dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) that were developed for the determination of hazardous organic compounds (pesticides, mycotoxins, colorants, biogenic amines, off-flavors) in wine. The analytical performance of the techniques is evaluated and their advantages and limitations are discussed.Conclusion:An extensive investigation of these techniques remains vital through the development of novel strategies and the implication of new materials that could upgrade the selectivity for the extraction of target analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa P. Kalogiouri
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR 54124, Greece
| | - Victoria F. Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR 54124, Greece
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Wang Y, Shen L, Gong Z, Pan J, Zheng X, Xue J. Analytical methods to analyze pesticides and herbicides. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1009-1024. [PMID: 31233653 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Presented in this paper is an annual review of literatures published in 2018 on topics relating to analytical methods for pesticides and herbicides. According to the different techniques, this review is divided into six sections, including extraction methods; chromatographic or mass spectrometric techniques; electrochemical techniques; spectrophotometric techniques; chemiluminescence and fluorescence methods; and biochemical assays. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Totally 134 relevant research articles are summarized. The review is divided into six parts according to the techniques. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods are the most widely used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhanyang Gong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Pan
- Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Jiande, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Hangzhou Bertzer Catalyst Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinkai Xue
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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17
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Disposable Pipette Extraction (DPX) Coupled with Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Simultaneous Determination of Pesticide Residues in Wine Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Szpyrka E, Thomas M, Podbielska M. Physicochemical Parameters of Real Wastewater Originating from a Plant Protection Products Factory and Modification of the QuEChERS Method for Determination of Captan. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122203. [PMID: 31212832 PMCID: PMC6630721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the modification and application of the QuEChERS method for the preparation and purification of samples in order to determine the level of captan in real wastewater originating from a plant protection products factory which was characterized by a significant content of organic substances [Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) = 856 ± 128 mg O2/L and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) = 62 ± 9 mg/L]. The optimization of the method consisted of the selection of solvents used for the extraction of captan from wastewater and also sorbents used to purify the extracts by the dispersion of a solid phase extraction technique (dSPE). Two steps were used: extraction and clean-up. In the extraction step, acetonitrile was replaced by anacetonitrile:acetone mixture. In the clean-up step by the dSPE, five sorbents were tested: Florisil®, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), silicon oxide (SiO2) and PSA (primary and secondary amine). Concentrations of captan in wastewater extracts were determined by gas chromatography (GC) combined with electron capture detection (μECD). The best recovery parameters and precision of the method were obtained for samples purified using ZrO2 (recovery 98% and precision expressed as relative standard deviation RSD 8%) and Florisil® (recovery 96%, RSD 9%). Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for determination of captan in diluted extract of wastewater were 0.003 and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. Matrix effects were in the range of −69% to −44% for samples purified by ZrO2 and Florisil®, respectively. The modified and optimized method was applied for fast and simple determination of captan levels in real industrial wastewater samples, in which the concentration of captan in diluted extract was determined to be 4.0 ± 0.3 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szpyrka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Maciej Thomas
- Chemiqua Company, Skawinska 25/1, 31-066 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Podbielska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
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