1
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Sato T, Yoshida K, Toki T, Kanezaki R, Terui K, Saiki R, Ojima M, Ochi Y, Mizuno S, Yoshihara M, Uechi T, Kenmochi N, Tanaka S, Matsubayashi J, Kisai K, Kudo K, Yuzawa K, Takahashi Y, Tanaka T, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi A, Kamio T, Sasaki S, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Muramatsu H, Hama A, Hasegawa D, Sato A, Koh K, Karakawa S, Kobayashi M, Hara J, Taneyama Y, Imai C, Hasegawa D, Fujita N, Yoshitomi M, Iwamoto S, Yamato G, Saida S, Kiyokawa N, Deguchi T, Ito M, Matsuo H, Adachi S, Hayashi Y, Taga T, Saito AM, Horibe K, Watanabe K, Tomizawa D, Miyano S, Takahashi S, Ogawa S, Ito E. Landscape of driver mutations and their clinical effects on Down syndrome-related myeloid neoplasms. Blood 2024; 143:2627-2643. [PMID: 38513239 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a common complication in newborns with Down syndrome (DS). It commonly progresses to myeloid leukemia (ML-DS) after spontaneous regression. In contrast to the favorable prognosis of primary ML-DS, patients with refractory/relapsed ML-DS have poor outcomes. However, the molecular basis for refractoriness and relapse and the full spectrum of driver mutations in ML-DS remain largely unknown. We conducted a genomic profiling study of 143 TAM, 204 ML-DS, and 34 non-DS acute megakaryoblastic leukemia cases, including 39 ML-DS cases analyzed by exome sequencing. Sixteen novel mutational targets were identified in ML-DS samples. Of these, inactivations of IRX1 (16.2%) and ZBTB7A (13.2%) were commonly implicated in the upregulation of the MYC pathway and were potential targets for ML-DS treatment with bromodomain-containing protein 4 inhibitors. Partial tandem duplications of RUNX1 on chromosome 21 were also found, specifically in ML-DS samples (13.7%), presenting its essential role in DS leukemia progression. Finally, in 177 patients with ML-DS treated following the same ML-DS protocol (the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma Study Group acute myeloid leukemia -D05/D11), CDKN2A, TP53, ZBTB7A, and JAK2 alterations were associated with a poor prognosis. Patients with CDKN2A deletions (n = 7) or TP53 mutations (n = 4) had substantially lower 3-year event-free survival (28.6% vs 90.5%; P < .001; 25.0% vs 89.5%; P < .001) than those without these mutations. These findings considerably change the mutational landscape of ML-DS, provide new insights into the mechanisms of progression from TAM to ML-DS, and help identify new therapeutic targets and strategies for ML-DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Cancer Evolution, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Toki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Rika Kanezaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kiminori Terui
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Saiki
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masami Ojima
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yotaro Ochi
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center and Trans-border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaharu Yoshihara
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center and Trans-border Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tamayo Uechi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Naoya Kenmochi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shiro Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Center for Clinical Research and Advanced Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Kenta Kisai
- Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ko Kudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yuzawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yuka Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Akie Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takuya Kamio
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinya Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- M and D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asahito Hama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Koh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuhei Karakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junichi Hara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Taneyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chihaya Imai
- Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Hasegawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujita
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshitomi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shotaro Iwamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Genki Yamato
- Department of pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi City, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saida
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kiyokawa
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Research, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Deguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ito
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya First Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Matsuo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Souichi Adachi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Hayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Taga
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akiko M Saito
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Watanabe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tomizawa
- Division of Leukemia and Lymphoma, Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M and D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Jayne ND, Liang Z, Lim DH, Chen PB, Diaz C, Arimoto KI, Xia L, Liu M, Ren B, Fu XD, Zhang DE. RUNX1 C-terminal mutations impair blood cell differentiation by perturbing specific enhancer-promoter networks. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2410-2423. [PMID: 38513139 PMCID: PMC11112616 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The transcription factor RUNX1 is a master regulator of hematopoiesis and is frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies. Mutations in its runt homology domain (RHD) frequently disrupt DNA binding and result in loss of RUNX1 function. However, it is not clearly understood how other RUNX1 mutations contribute to disease development. Here, we characterized RUNX1 mutations outside of the RHD. Our analysis of the patient data sets revealed that mutations within the C-terminus frequently occur in hematopoietic disorders. Remarkably, most of these mutations were nonsense or frameshift mutations and were predicted to be exempt from nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay. Therefore, this class of mutation is projected to produce DNA-binding proteins that contribute to the pathogenesis in a distinct manner. To model this, we introduced the RUNX1R320∗ mutation into the endogenous gene locus and demonstrated the production of RUNX1R320∗ protein. Expression of RUNX1R320∗ resulted in the disruption of RUNX1 regulated processes such as megakaryocytic differentiation, through a transcriptional signature different from RUNX1 depletion. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we used Global RNA Interactions with DNA by deep sequencing (GRID-seq) to examine enhancer-promoter connections. We identified widespread alterations in the enhancer-promoter networks within RUNX1 mutant cells. Additionally, we uncovered enrichment of RUNX1R320∗ and FOXK2 binding at the MYC super enhancer locus, significantly upregulating MYC transcription and signaling pathways. Together, our study demonstrated that most RUNX1 mutations outside the DNA-binding domain are not subject to nonsense-mediated decay, producing protein products that act in concert with additional cofactors to dysregulate hematopoiesis through mechanisms distinct from those induced by RUNX1 depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Jayne
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Zhengyu Liang
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Do-Hwan Lim
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Poshen B. Chen
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Cristina Diaz
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kei-Ichiro Arimoto
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Lingbo Xia
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mengdan Liu
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Bing Ren
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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3
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Sharma S, Houfani AA, Foster LJ. Pivotal functions and impact of long con-coding RNAs on cellular processes and genome integrity. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:52. [PMID: 38745221 PMCID: PMC11092263 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in uncovering the mysteries of the human genome suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulatory components. Although lncRNAs are known to affect gene transcription, their mechanisms and biological implications are still unclear. Experimental research has shown that lncRNA synthesis, subcellular localization, and interactions with macromolecules like DNA, other RNAs, or proteins can all have an impact on gene expression in various biological processes. In this review, we highlight and discuss the major mechanisms through which lncRNAs function as master regulators of the human genome. Specifically, the objective of our review is to examine how lncRNAs regulate different processes like cell division, cell cycle, and immune responses, and unravel their roles in maintaining genomic architecture and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Aicha Asma Houfani
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2185 E Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2185 E Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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4
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Arab I, Park J, Shin JJ, Shin HS, Suk K, Lee WH. Macrophage lncRNAs in cancer development: Long-awaited therapeutic targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115890. [PMID: 37884197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, the interplay among macrophages, cancer cells, and endothelial cells is multifaceted. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which often exhibit an M2 phenotype, contribute to tumor growth and angiogenesis, while cancer cells and endothelial cells reciprocally influence macrophage behavior. This complex interrelationship highlights the importance of targeting these interactions for the development of novel cancer therapies aimed at disrupting tumor progression and angiogenesis. Accumulating evidence underscores the indispensable involvement of lncRNAs in shaping macrophage functionality and contributing to the development of cancer. Animal studies have further validated the therapeutic potential of manipulating macrophage lncRNA activity to ameliorate disease severity and reduce morbidity rates. This review provides a survey of our current understanding of macrophage-associated lncRNAs, with a specific emphasis on their molecular targets and their regulatory impact on cancer progression. These lncRNAs predominantly govern macrophage polarization, favoring the dominance of M2 macrophages or TAMs. Exosomes or extracellular vesicles mediate lncRNA transfer between macrophages and cancer cells, affecting cellular functions of each other. Moreover, this review presents therapeutic strategies targeting cancer-associated lncRNAs. The insights and findings presented in this review pertaining to macrophage lncRNAs can offer valuable information for the development of treatments against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imene Arab
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwang Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Joon Shin
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeung-Seob Shin
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Cabrerizo Granados D, Barbosa I, Baliakas P, Hellström-Lindberg E, Lundin V. The clinical phenotype of germline RUNX1 mutations in relation to the accompanying somatic variants and RUNX1 isoform expression. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2023; 62:672-677. [PMID: 37303296 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline RUNX1 mutations lead to familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancy (FPDMM), characterized by thrombocytopenia, abnormal bleeding, and an elevated risk of developing myelodysplastic neoplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at young age. However, it is not known why or how germline carriers of RUNX1 mutations have a particular propensity to develop myeloid hematologic malignancies, but the acquisition and composition of somatic mutations are believed to initiate and determine disease progression. We present a novel family pedigree that shares a common germline RUNX1R204* variant and exhibits a spectrum of somatic mutations and related myeloid malignancies (MM). RUNX1 mutations are associated with inferior clinical outcome; however, the proband of this family developed MDS with ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS), classified as a low-risk MDS subgroup. His relatively indolent clinical course is likely due to a specific somatic mutation in the SF3B1 gene. While the three main RUNX1 isoforms have been ascribed various roles in normal hematopoiesis, they are now being increasingly recognized as involved in myeloid disease. We investigated the RUNX1 transcript isoform patterns in the proband and his sister, who carries the same germline RUNX1R204* variant, and has FPDMM but no MM. We demonstrate a RUNX1a increase in MDS-RS, as previously reported in MM. Interestingly, we identify a striking unbalance of RUNX1b and -c in FPDMM. In conclusion, this report reinforces the relevance of somatic variants on the clinical phenotypic heterogeneity in families with germline RUNX1 deficiency and investigates a potential new role for RUNX1 isoform disequilibrium as a mechanism for development of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cabrerizo Granados
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Indira Barbosa
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis Baliakas
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Hellström-Lindberg
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Lundin
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lomov NA, Viushkov VS, Rubtsov MA. Mechanisms of Secondary Leukemia Development Caused by Treatment with DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:892-911. [PMID: 37751862 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923070040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is a blood cancer originating in the blood and bone marrow. Therapy-related leukemia is associated with prior chemotherapy. Although cancer therapy with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors is one of the most effective cancer treatments, its side effects include development of secondary leukemia characterized by the chromosomal rearrangements affecting AML1 or MLL genes. Recurrent chromosomal translocations in the therapy-related leukemia differ from chromosomal rearrangements associated with other neoplasias. Here, we reviewed the factors that drive chromosomal translocations induced by cancer treatment with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors, such as mobility of ends of double-strand DNA breaks formed before the translocation and gain of function of fusion proteins generated as a result of translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai A Lomov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
| | - Vladimir S Viushkov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Rubtsov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Industrial Technologies and Entrepreneurship Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119435, Russia
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7
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Zerella JR, Homan CC, Arts P, Brown AL, Scott HS, Hahn CN. Transcription factor genetics and biology in predisposition to bone marrow failure and hematological malignancy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1183318. [PMID: 37377909 PMCID: PMC10291195 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1183318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a critical role as key mediators of a multitude of developmental pathways, with highly regulated and tightly organized networks crucial for determining both the timing and pattern of tissue development. TFs can act as master regulators of both primitive and definitive hematopoiesis, tightly controlling the behavior of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). These networks control the functional regulation of HSPCs including self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation dynamics, which are essential to normal hematopoiesis. Defining the key players and dynamics of these hematopoietic transcriptional networks is essential to understanding both normal hematopoiesis and how genetic aberrations in TFs and their networks can predispose to hematopoietic disease including bone marrow failure (BMF) and hematological malignancy (HM). Despite their multifaceted and complex involvement in hematological development, advances in genetic screening along with elegant multi-omics and model system studies are shedding light on how hematopoietic TFs interact and network to achieve normal cell fates and their role in disease etiology. This review focuses on TFs which predispose to BMF and HM, identifies potential novel candidate predisposing TF genes, and examines putative biological mechanisms leading to these phenotypes. A better understanding of the genetics and molecular biology of hematopoietic TFs, as well as identifying novel genes and genetic variants predisposing to BMF and HM, will accelerate the development of preventative strategies, improve clinical management and counseling, and help define targeted treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarna R. Zerella
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Claire C. Homan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peer Arts
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hamish S. Scott
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christopher N. Hahn
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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8
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Morris JA, Caragine C, Daniloski Z, Domingo J, Barry T, Lu L, Davis K, Ziosi M, Glinos DA, Hao S, Mimitou EP, Smibert P, Roeder K, Katsevich E, Lappalainen T, Sanjana NE. Discovery of target genes and pathways at GWAS loci by pooled single-cell CRISPR screens. Science 2023; 380:eadh7699. [PMID: 37141313 PMCID: PMC10518238 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh7699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Most variants associated with complex traits and diseases identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) map to noncoding regions of the genome with unknown effects. Using ancestrally diverse, biobank-scale GWAS data, massively parallel CRISPR screens, and single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing, we discovered 124 cis-target genes of 91 noncoding blood trait GWAS loci. Using precise variant insertion through base editing, we connected specific variants with gene expression changes. We also identified trans-effect networks of noncoding loci when cis target genes encoded transcription factors or microRNAs. Networks were themselves enriched for GWAS variants and demonstrated polygenic contributions to complex traits. This platform enables massively parallel characterization of the target genes and mechanisms of human noncoding variants in both cis and trans.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Morris
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | | | - Zharko Daniloski
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | | | - Timothy Barry
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Kyrie Davis
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | | | | | - Stephanie Hao
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Eleni P. Mimitou
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Peter Smibert
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Kathryn Roeder
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Eugene Katsevich
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Tuuli Lappalainen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neville E. Sanjana
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
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9
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Zavras PD, Sinanidis I, Tsakiroglou P, Karantanos T. Understanding the Continuum between High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055018. [PMID: 36902450 PMCID: PMC10002503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by bone marrow dysplasia, failure of hematopoiesis and variable risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recent large-scale studies have demonstrated that distinct molecular abnormalities detected at earlier stages of MDS alter disease biology and predict progression to AML. Consistently, various studies analyzing these diseases at the single-cell level have identified specific patterns of progression strongly associated with genomic alterations. These pre-clinical results have solidified the conclusion that high-risk MDS and AML arising from MDS or AML with MDS-related changes (AML-MRC) represent a continuum of the same disease. AML-MRC is distinguished from de novo AML by the presence of certain chromosomal abnormalities, such as deletion of 5q, 7/7q, 20q and complex karyotype and somatic mutations, which are also present in MDS and carry crucial prognostic implications. Recent changes in the classification and prognostication of MDS and AML by the International Consensus Classification (ICC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) reflect these advances. Finally, a better understanding of the biology of high-risk MDS and the mechanisms of disease progression have led to the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches, such as the addition of venetoclax to hypomethylating agents and, more recently, triplet therapies and agents targeting specific mutations, including FLT3 and IDH1/2. In this review, we analyze the pre-clinical data supporting that high-risk MDS and AML-MRC share the same genetic abnormalities and represent a continuum, describe the recent changes in the classification of these neoplasms and summarize the advances in the management of patients with these neoplasms.
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10
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Hamidi AA, Taghehchian N, Zangouei AS, Akhlaghipour I, Maharati A, Basirat Z, Moghbeli M. Molecular mechanisms of microRNA-216a during tumor progression. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:19. [PMID: 36740668 PMCID: PMC9899407 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as the members of non-coding RNAs family are involved in post-transcriptional regulation by translational inhibiting or mRNA degradation. They have a critical role in regulation of cell proliferation and migration. MiRNAs aberrations have been reported in various cancers. Considering the importance of these factors in regulation of cellular processes and their high stability in body fluids, these factors can be suggested as suitable non-invasive markers for the cancer diagnosis. MiR-216a deregulation has been frequently reported in different cancers. Therefore, in the present review we discussed the molecular mechanisms of the miR-216a during tumor progression. It has been reported that miR-216a mainly functioned as a tumor suppressor through the regulation of signaling pathways and transcription factors. This review paves the way to suggest the miR-216a as a probable therapeutic and diagnostic target in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Hamidi
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sadra Zangouei
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Basirat
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran ,grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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RUNX Proteins as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223687. [PMID: 36429115 PMCID: PMC9688118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX proteins are highly conserved in metazoans and perform critical functions during development. Dysregulation of RUNX proteins through various molecular mechanisms facilitates the development and progression of various cancers, where different RUNX proteins show tumor type-specific functions and regulate different aspects of tumorigenesis by cross-talking with different signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGF-β, and Hippo. Molecularly, they could serve as transcription factors (TFs) to activate their direct target genes or interact with many other TFs to modulate chromatin architecture globally. Here, we review the current knowledge on the functions and regulations of RUNX proteins in different cancer types and highlight their potential role as epigenetic modulators in cancer.
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12
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Lee YM. RUNX Family in Hypoxic Microenvironment and Angiogenesis in Cancers. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193098. [PMID: 36231060 PMCID: PMC9564080 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is broadly implicated in tumorigenesis, as tumor cells interact with surrounding cells to influence the development and progression of the tumor. Blood vessels are a major component of the TME and are attributed to the creation of a hypoxic microenvironment, which is a common feature of advanced cancers and inflamed premalignant tissues. Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) proteins, a transcription factor family of developmental master regulators, are involved in vital cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, cell lineage specification, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the RUNX family is involved in the regulation of various oncogenic processes and signaling pathways as well as tumor suppressive functions, suggesting that the RUNX family plays a strategic role in tumorigenesis. In this review, we have discussed the relevant findings that describe the crosstalk of the RUNX family with the hypoxic TME and tumor angiogenesis or with their signaling molecules in cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Mie Lee
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, VOICE (MRC), Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Lab of Molecular Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-8566; Fax:+82-53-950-8557
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13
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RUNX1/CEBPA Mutation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Promotes Hypermethylation and Indicates for Demethylation Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911413. [PMID: 36232714 PMCID: PMC9569612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing heterogeneous disease with a high mortality rate, which is characterized by hyperproliferation of atypical immature myeloid cells. The number of AML patients is expected to increase in the near future, due to the old-age-associated nature of AML and increased longevity in the human population. RUNX1 and CEBPA, key transcription factors (TFs) of hematopoiesis, are frequently and independently mutated in AML. RUNX1 and CEBPA can bind TET2 demethylase and attract it to their binding sites (TFBS) in cell lines, leading to DNA demethylation of the regions nearby. Since TET2 does not have a DNA-binding domain, TFs are crucial for its guidance to target genomic locations. In this paper, we show that RUNX1 and CEBPA mutations in AML patients affect the methylation of important regulatory sites that resulted in the silencing of several RUNX1 and CEBPA target genes, most likely in a TET2-dependent manner. We demonstrated that hypermethylation of TFBS in AML cells with RUNX1 mutations was associated with resistance to anticancer chemotherapy. Demethylation therapy restored expression of the RUNX1 target gene, BIK, and increased sensitivity of AML cells to chemotherapy. If our results are confirmed, mutations in RUNX1 could be an indication for prescribing the combination of cytotoxic and demethylation therapies.
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14
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Identification of the Potential Molecular Mechanisms Linking RUNX1 Activity with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, by Means of Systems Biology. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061315. [PMID: 35740337 PMCID: PMC9219880 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic hepatic disease; nevertheless, no definitive diagnostic method exists yet, apart from invasive liver biopsy, and nor is there a specific approved treatment. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays a major role in angiogenesis and inflammation; however, its link with NAFLD is unclear as controversial results have been reported. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms between RUNX1 and NAFLD, by means of systems biology. First, a mathematical model that simulates NAFLD pathophysiology was generated by analyzing Anaxomics databases and reviewing available scientific literature. Artificial neural networks established NAFLD pathophysiological processes functionally related to RUNX1: hepatic insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, and hepatic injury-liver fibrosis. Our study indicated that RUNX1 might have a high relationship with hepatic injury-liver fibrosis, and a medium relationship with lipotoxicity and insulin resistance motives. Additionally, we found five RUNX1-regulated proteins with a direct involvement in NAFLD motives, which were NFκB1, NFκB2, TNF, ADIPOQ, and IL-6. In conclusion, we suggested a relationship between RUNX1 and NAFLD since RUNX1 seems to regulate NAFLD molecular pathways, posing it as a potential therapeutic target of NAFLD, although more studies in this field are needed.
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15
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Zhao H, Chen Y, Shen P, Gong L. Prognostic value and immune characteristics of RUNX gene family in human cancers: a pan-cancer analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4014-4035. [PMID: 35522574 PMCID: PMC9134966 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are involved in numerous fundamental biological processes and play crucial parts in tumorigenesis and metastasis both directly and indirectly. However, the pan-cancer evidence of the RUNX gene family is not available. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the potential association between RUNX gene family expression and patient’s prognosis, immune cell infiltration, drug response, and genetic mutation data across different types of tumors using based on The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and Oncomine database. Results: The results showed that the expression of the RUNX gene family varied among different cancer types, revealing its heterogeneity in cancers and that expression of RUNX2 was lower than that of RUNX1 and RUNX3 across all cancer types. RUNX gene family gene expression was related to prognosis in several cancers. Furthermore, our study revealed a clear association between RUNX gene family expression and ESTIMATE score, RNA stemness, and DNA stemness scores. Compared with RUNX1 and RUNX2, RUNX3 showed relatively low levels of genetic alterations. RUNX gene family genes had clear associations with immune infiltrate subtypes, and their expression was positively related to immune checkpoint genes and drug sensitivity in most cases. Two immunotherapy cohorts confirm that the expression of RUNX was correlated with the clinical response of immunotherapy. Conclusions: These findings will help to elucidate the potential oncogenic roles of RUNX gene family genes in different types of cancer and it can function as a prognostic marker in various malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Myopia, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Peijun Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Myopia, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, Shanghai, China
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16
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Kaisrlikova M, Vesela J, Kundrat D, Votavova H, Dostalova Merkerova M, Krejcik Z, Divoky V, Jedlicka M, Fric J, Klema J, Mikulenkova D, Stastna Markova M, Lauermannova M, Mertova J, Soukupova Maaloufova J, Jonasova A, Cermak J, Belickova M. RUNX1 mutations contribute to the progression of MDS due to disruption of antitumor cellular defense: a study on patients with lower-risk MDS. Leukemia 2022; 36:1898-1906. [PMID: 35505182 PMCID: PMC9252911 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS) have a generally favorable prognosis; however, a small proportion of cases progress rapidly. This study aimed to define molecular biomarkers predictive of LR-MDS progression and to uncover cellular pathways contributing to malignant transformation. The mutational landscape was analyzed in 214 LR-MDS patients, and at least one mutation was detected in 137 patients (64%). Mutated RUNX1 was identified as the main molecular predictor of rapid progression by statistics and machine learning. To study the effect of mutated RUNX1 on pathway regulation, the expression profiles of CD34 + cells from LR-MDS patients with RUNX1 mutations were compared to those from patients without RUNX1 mutations. The data suggest that RUNX1-unmutated LR-MDS cells are protected by DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms and cellular senescence as an antitumor cellular barrier, while RUNX1 mutations may be one of the triggers of malignant transformation. Dysregulated DDR and cellular senescence were also observed at the functional level by detecting γH2AX expression and β-galactosidase activity. Notably, the expression profiles of RUNX1-mutated LR-MDS resembled those of higher-risk MDS at diagnosis. This study demonstrates that incorporating molecular data improves LR-MDS risk stratification and that mutated RUNX1 is associated with a suppressed defense against LR-MDS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kaisrlikova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vesela
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kundrat
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Votavova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zdenek Krejcik
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Divoky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Jedlicka
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fric
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Klema
- Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mikulenkova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jolana Mertova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Anna Jonasova
- First Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Cermak
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Belickova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic. .,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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17
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Mann Z, Sengar M, Verma YK, Rajalingam R, Raghav PK. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Factors: Their Functional Role in Self-Renewal and Clinical Aspects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:664261. [PMID: 35399522 PMCID: PMC8987924 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.664261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess two important properties such as self-renewal and differentiation. These properties of HSCs are maintained through hematopoiesis. This process gives rise to two subpopulations, long-term and short-term HSCs, which have become a popular convention for treating various hematological disorders. The clinical application of HSCs is bone marrow transplant in patients with aplastic anemia, congenital neutropenia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, or replacement of damaged bone marrow in case of chemotherapy. The self-renewal attribute of HSCs ensures long-term hematopoiesis post-transplantation. However, HSCs need to be infused in large numbers to reach their target site and meet the demands since they lose their self-renewal capacity after a few passages. Therefore, a more in-depth understanding of ex vivo HSCs expansion needs to be developed to delineate ways to enhance the self-renewability of isolated HSCs. The multifaceted self-renewal process is regulated by factors, including transcription factors, miRNAs, and the bone marrow niche. A developed classical hierarchical model that outlines the hematopoiesis in a lineage-specific manner through in vivo fate mapping, barcoding, and determination of self-renewal regulatory factors are still to be explored in more detail. Thus, an in-depth study of the self-renewal property of HSCs is essentially required to be utilized for ex vivo expansion. This review primarily focuses on the Hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal pathway and evaluates the regulatory molecular factors involved in considering a targeted clinical approach in numerous malignancies and outlining gaps in the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Mann
- Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Sengar
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar Verma
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Research Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Delhi, India
| | - Raja Rajalingam
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Pawan Kumar Raghav
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Pawan Kumar Raghav, ,
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18
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Triarico S, Trombatore G, Capozza MA, Romano A, Mastrangelo S, Attinà G, Maurizi P, Ruggiero A. Hematological disorders in children with Down syndrome. Expert Rev Hematol 2022; 15:127-135. [PMID: 35184659 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2022.2044780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Triarico
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Romano
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Mastrangelo
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Attinà
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Maurizi
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ruggiero
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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19
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Wang G, Kitaoka T, Crawford A, Mao Q, Hesketh A, Guppy FM, Ash GI, Liu J, Gerstein MB, Pitsiladis YP. Cross-platform transcriptomic profiling of the response to recombinant human erythropoietin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21705. [PMID: 34737331 PMCID: PMC8568984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-seq has matured and become an important tool for studying RNA biology. Here we compared two RNA-seq (MGI DNBSEQ and Illumina NextSeq 500) and two microarray platforms (GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 and Illumina Expression BeadChip) in healthy individuals administered recombinant human erythropoietin for transcriptome-wide quantification of differential gene expression. The results show that total RNA DNB-seq generated a multitude of target genes compared to other platforms. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed genes correlate to not only erythropoiesis and oxygen transport but also a wide range of other functions, such as tissue protection and immune regulation. This study provides a knowledge base of genes relevant to EPO biology through cross-platform comparisons and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Hesketh
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Fergus M Guppy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Garrett I Ash
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason Liu
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mark B Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
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20
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Liu S, Yang J, Sun G, Zhang Y, Cheng C, Xu J, Yen K, Lu T. RUNX1 Upregulates CENPE to Promote Leukemic Cell Proliferation. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:692880. [PMID: 34434964 PMCID: PMC8381024 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.692880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 is a Runt family transcription factor that plays a critical role in normal hematopoiesis, including the differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic cells. RUNX1 mutations, including chromosomal translocations, cause abnormal cell differentiation, but the mutation alone is not sufficient to cause leukemia. In MLL-fusion-induced leukemia, dysregulated wild-type RUNX1 can promote leukemia survival. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of dysregulated wild-type RUNX1 in leukemia development have not been fully elucidated. This study overexpressed and knocked down RUNX1 expression in THP-1 human leukemia cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to investigate the biological functions affected by dysregulated RUNX1. Our data indicated RUNX1 facilitated proliferation to promote leukemia cell growth. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RUNX1 knockdown in leukemia cells drastically diminished colony-forming ability. Finally, the RUNX1-knocked down cell depletion phenotype could be rescued by overexpression of CENPE, a cell proliferation gene and a RUNX1 direct target gene. Our results indicate a possible mechanism involving the RUNX1-CENPE axis on promoting leukemic cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative, School of Medicine, Southern China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuangyu Yen
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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21
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Dissecting the molecular control of Interleukin 6 signaling using the M1 cell line. Cytokine 2021; 146:155624. [PMID: 34166855 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 6 is the classical member of the IL-6 family of cytokines which triggers activation of the JAK/STAT signaling cascade in cells. IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that acts on many cell types and plays a critical role in immune responses, inflammation, and haematopoiesis. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing IL-6 signaling has been aided by numerous studies of this signal transduction pathway, including those utilising the M1 cell line. Here we discuss the studies that we and others have undertaken using the M1 line to examine IL-6 inducible genes, particularly those targets that acts as negative regulators of signaling. Finally, we present a model for the current understanding of the IL-6 signaling pathway at a structural and mechanistic level.
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22
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Mou T, Pawitan Y, Stahl M, Vesterlund M, Deng W, Jafari R, Bohlin A, Österroos A, Siavelis L, Bäckvall H, Erkers T, Kiviluoto S, Seashore‐Ludlow B, Östling P, Orre LM, Kallioniemi O, Lehmann S, Lehtiö J, Vu TN. The transcriptome-wide landscape of molecular subtype-specific mRNA expression profiles in acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2021; 96:580-588. [PMID: 33625756 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecular classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) aids prognostic stratification and clinical management. Our aim in this study is to identify transcriptome-wide mRNAs that are specific to each of the molecular subtypes of AML. We analyzed RNA-sequencing data of 955 AML samples from three cohorts, including the BeatAML project, the Cancer Genome Atlas, and a cohort of Swedish patients to provide a comprehensive transcriptome-wide view of subtype-specific mRNA expression. We identified 729 subtype-specific mRNAs, discovered in the BeatAML project and validated in the other two cohorts. Using unique proteomics data, we also validated the presence of subtype-specific mRNAs at the protein level, yielding a rich collection of potential protein-based biomarkers for the AML community. To enable the exploration of subtype-specific mRNA expression by the broader scientific community, we provide an interactive resource to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Mou
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China
| | - Yudi Pawitan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Matthias Stahl
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mattias Vesterlund
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Wenjiang Deng
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rozbeh Jafari
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna Bohlin
- Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet, Unit for Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
| | - Albin Österroos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Hematology Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala Sweden
| | - Loannis Siavelis
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Helena Bäckvall
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tom Erkers
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Santeri Kiviluoto
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Brinton Seashore‐Ludlow
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Päivi Östling
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Lukas M. Orre
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Sören Lehmann
- Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet, Unit for Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Hematology Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Department of Oncology Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden
| | - Trung Nghia Vu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
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Loss-of-Function Mutations of BCOR Are an Independent Marker of Adverse Outcomes in Intensively Treated Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092095. [PMID: 33926021 PMCID: PMC8123716 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by recurrent genetic events. The BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) and its homolog, the BCL6 corepressor-like 1 (BCORL1), have been reported to be rare but recurrent mutations in AML. Previously, smaller studies have reported conflicting results regarding impacts on outcomes. Here, we retrospectively analyzed a large cohort of 1529 patients with newly diagnosed and intensively treated AML. BCOR and BCORL1 mutations were found in 71 (4.6%) and 53 patients (3.5%), respectively. Frequently co-mutated genes were DNTM3A, TET2 and RUNX1. Mutated BCORL1 and loss-of-function mutations of BCOR were significantly more common in the ELN2017 intermediate-risk group. Patients harboring loss-of-function mutations of BCOR had a significantly reduced median event-free survival (HR = 1.464 (95%-Confidence Interval (CI): 1.005-2.134), p = 0.047), relapse-free survival (HR = 1.904 (95%-CI: 1.163-3.117), p = 0.01), and trend for reduced overall survival (HR = 1.495 (95%-CI: 0.990-2.258), p = 0.056) in multivariable analysis. Our study establishes a novel role for loss-of-function mutations of BCOR regarding risk stratification in AML, which may influence treatment allocation.
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Feng X, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Song G, Wang L, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Wang Q, Lun L. Elevated RUNX1 is a prognostic biomarker for human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:538-546. [PMID: 33241710 PMCID: PMC7934153 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220969663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factors regulate many developmental processes such as proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the function of the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was investigated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Our results show that RUNX1 expression was elevated in HNSCC patients, which was greatly correlated with the N stage, tumor size, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. Cox proportional hazard models showed that RUNX1 could be used as a prognostic indicator for the overall survival of HNSCC patients (hazard ratio, 5.572; 95% confidence interval, 1.860-9.963; P < 0.001). Moreover, suppression of RUNX1 inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Using the HNSCC xenograft nude mouse model, we found that the shRUNX1-transfected tumor (sh-RUNX1) was significantly smaller both in size and weight than the control vector-transfected tumor (sh-Control). In conclusion, our results show that the elevated RUNX1 expression was correlated with tumor growth and metastasis in HNSCC, indicating that RUNX1 could be used as a biomarker for tumor recurrence and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Guanghui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Education and Training, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jinxia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Limin Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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25
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Zhao C, Liu J, Ge W, Li Z, Lv M, Feng Y, Liu X, Liu B, Zhang Y. Identification of Regulatory circRNAs Involved in the Pathogenesis of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Genet 2021; 11:626492. [PMID: 33613625 PMCID: PMC7886988 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.626492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of AMI is still unclear, and the impact of circular RNAs (circRNAs) on AMI has rarely been recognized and needs to be explored. Materials and Methods The circRNA array was applied to investigate the expression level of circRNAs in the blood samples of coronary arteries of three AMI patients and three normal persons. Principal component analysis (PCA) and unsupervised clustering analysis were performed to reveal the distinguished expression patterns of circRNAs. The miRNA expression profiles of AMI patients were identified from a public dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE31568). The miRNA binding sites on the circRNAs were predicted by miRanda. The miRNA enrichment analysis and annotation tool were used to explore the pathways that the dysregulated circRNAs may participate in. Results In total, 142 differentially expressed circRNAs, including 89 upregulated and 53 downregulated in AMI samples, were identified by the differential expression analysis. AMI patients had quite different circRNA expression profiles to those of normal controls. Functional characterization revealed that circRNAs that had the potential to regulate miRNAs were mainly involved in seven pathways, such as the Runt-related transcription factor-1 (RUNX1) expression and activity-related pathway. Specifically, hsa_circRNA_001654, hsa_circRNA_091761, hsa_circRNA_405624, and hsa_circRNA_406698 were predicted to sponge four miRNAs including hsa-miR-491-3p, hsa-miR-646, hsa-miR-603, and hsa-miR-922, thereby regulating RUNX1 expression or activity. Conclusion We identified dysregulated blood circRNAs in the coronary arteries of AMI patients and predicted that four upregulated circRNAs were involved in the regulation of RUNX1 expression or activity through sponging four miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wen Ge
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengwei Lv
- Shanghai East Hospital of Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ban Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Shanghai East Hospital of Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Karnas E, Sekuła-Stryjewska M, Kmiotek-Wasylewska K, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Ryszawy D, Sarna M, Madeja Z, Zuba-Surma EK. Extracellular vesicles from human iPSCs enhance reconstitution capacity of cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Leukemia 2021; 35:2964-2977. [PMID: 34140648 PMCID: PMC8478657 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) represents a source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (CB-HSPCs) for bone marrow (BM) reconstitution, but clinical CB application is limited in adult patients due to the insufficient number of CB-HSCPCs and the lack of effective ex vivo approaches to increase CB-HSPC functionality. Since human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been indicated as donor cells for bioactive extracellular vesicles (EVs) modulating properties of other cells, we are the first to employ hiPSC-derived EVs (hiPSC-EVs) to enhance the hematopoietic potential of CB-derived CD45dimLin-CD34+ cell fraction enriched in CB-HSPCs. We demonstrated that hiPSC-EVs improved functional properties of CB-HSPCs critical for their hematopoietic capacity including metabolic, hematopoietic and clonogenic potential as well as survival, chemotactic response to stromal cell-derived factor 1 and adhesion to the model components of hematopoietic niche in vitro. Moreover, hiPSC-EVs enhanced homing and engraftment of CB-HSPCs in vivo. This phenomenon might be related to activation of signaling pathways in CB-HSPCs following hiPSC-EV treatment, as shown on both gene expression and the protein kinases activity levels. In conclusion, hiPSC-EVs might be used as ex vivo modulators of CB-HSPCs capacity to enhance their functional properties and augment future practical applications of CB-derived cells in BM reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Karnas
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sekuła-Stryjewska
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Laboratory of Stem Cell Biotechnology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kmiotek-Wasylewska
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Damian Ryszawy
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Sarna
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa K. Zuba-Surma
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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27
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Zhou G, Yang Y, Zhang X, Wang J. Msx1 cooperates with Runx1 for inhibiting myoblast differentiation. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 179:105797. [PMID: 33242573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Myogenesis is an important and complicated biological process, especially during the process of embryonic development. The homeoprotein Msx1 is a crucial transcriptional repressor of myogenesis and maintains myogenic precursor cells in an undifferentiated, proliferative state. However, the molecular mechanism through which Msx1 coordinates myogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we determine the interacting partner proteins of Msx1 in myoblast cells by a proteomic screening method. Msx1 is found to interact with 55 proteins, among which our data demonstrate that the cooperation of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) with Msx1 is required for myoblast cell differentiation. Our findings provide important insights into the mechanistic roles of Msx1 in myoblast cell differentiation, and lays foundation for the myogenic differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yenan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Jingqiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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28
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Fang C, Rao S, Crispino JD, Ntziachristos P. Determinants and role of chromatin organization in acute leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:2561-2575. [PMID: 32690881 PMCID: PMC7999176 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA is compacted into higher order structures that have major implications in gene regulation. These structures allow for long-range interactions of DNA elements, such as the association of promoters with their cognate enhancers. In recent years, mutations in genes that control these structures, including the cohesin-complex and the insulator-binding protein CTCF, have been found in a spectrum of hematologic disorders, and especially in acute leukemias. Cohesin and CTCF are critical for mediating looping and establishing boundaries within chromatin. Cells that harbor mutations in these genes display aberrant chromatin architecture and resulting differences in gene expression that contribute to leukemia initiation and progression. Here, we provide detailed discussion of the nature of 3D interactions and the way that they are disrupted in acute leukemia. Continued research in this area will provide new insights into the mechanisms of leukemogenesis and may shed light on novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestia Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - John D Crispino
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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29
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Huh SJ, Oh SY, Lee S, Lee JH, Kim SH, Pak MK, Kim HJ. Mutational analysis of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma using next generation sequencing. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:205. [PMID: 32963611 PMCID: PMC7491050 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma is a type of low-grade B-cell lymphoma that can be classified as a mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Recently, second-generation or next-generation sequencing (NGS), which allows simultaneous sequencing of hundreds to billions of DNA strands, has been a focus of attention and is rapidly being adopted in various fields. In the present study, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of gastric MALT lymphoma (n=1) and small intestine MALT lymphoma (n=4) were selected, and DNA was extracted from the tissue samples. After performing quality control, NGS was performed using HemaSCAN™, a custom panel of 426 genes, including essential blood cancer genes. NGS revealed single nucleotide variations (SNVs), short insertions and deletions (InDels) and copy number variations (CNVs). These genomic variants were reported as annotated, known or novel variants. An annotated variant, an erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene amplification, was observed in one patient. Known and novel variants, including SNVs of SET binding protein 6 (SETBP6), Runt-related transcription factor 1 and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 genes, InDel of the marker of proliferation Ki-67 gene, and CNVs of the zinc finger protein 703 and NOTCH1 genes, were observed in ≥2 patients. Additionally, InDels with frameshift mutations were identified in the B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10, DEAD-box helicase 3 X-linked, forkhead box O3 and mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming genes in one patient. Since few NGS studies have been performed on MALT lymphoma, the current results were unable to determine if the different mutations that were identified are ‘actionable’ (that is, potentially responsive to a targeted therapy) Further studies are required to determine the associations between genetic mutations and the development of MALT lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Jae Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Suee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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30
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Sobh A, Loguinov A, Zhou J, Jenkitkasemwong S, Zeidan R, El Ahmadie N, Tagmount A, Knutson M, Fraenkel PG, Vulpe CD. Genetic screens reveal CCDC115 as a modulator of erythroid iron and heme trafficking. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:1085-1098. [PMID: 32510613 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transferrin-bound iron (TBI), the physiological circulating iron form, is acquired by cells through the transferrin receptor (TfR1) by endocytosis. In erythroid cells, most of the acquired iron is incorporated into heme in the mitochondria. Cellular trafficking of heme is indispensable for erythropoiesis and many other essential biological processes. Comprehensive elucidation of molecular pathways governing and regulating cellular iron acquisition and heme trafficking is required to better understand physiological and pathological processes affecting erythropoiesis. Here, we report the first genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screens in human erythroid cells to identify determinants of iron and heme uptake, as well as heme-mediated erythroid differentiation. We identified several candidate modulators of TBI acquisition including TfR1, indicating that our approach effectively revealed players mechanistically relevant to the process. Interestingly, components of the endocytic pathway were also revealed as potential determinants of transferrin acquisition. We deciphered a role for the vacuolar-type H+ - ATPase (V- ATPase) assembly factor coiled-coil domain containing 115 (CCDC115) in TBI uptake and validated this role in CCDC115 deficient K562 cells. Our screen in hemin-treated cells revealed perturbations leading to cellular adaptation to heme, including those corresponding to trafficking mechanisms and transcription factors potentiating erythroid differentiation. Pathway analysis indicated that endocytosis and vesicle acidification are key processes for heme trafficking in erythroid precursors. Furthermore, we provided evidence that CCDC115, which we identified as required for TBI uptake, is also involved in cellular heme distribution. This work demonstrates a previously unappreciated common intersection in trafficking of transferrin iron and heme in the endocytic pathway of erythroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sobh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, Comparative Biochemistry Program University of California Berkeley Berkeley California
- Department of Physiological Sceinces University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Alex Loguinov
- Department of Physiological Sceinces University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Physiological Sceinces University of Florida Gainesville Florida
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Supak Jenkitkasemwong
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Rola Zeidan
- Department of Physiological Sceinces University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Nader El Ahmadie
- Department of Physiological Sceinces University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | | | - Mitchell Knutson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Paula G. Fraenkel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Cancer Research Institute Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Boston Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts
- Oncology Research and Development, Sanofi Cambridge Massachusetts
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31
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CML - Not only BCR-ABL1 matters. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2020; 33:101194. [PMID: 33038988 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2020.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BCR-ABL1 is in the center of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) pathology, diagnosis and treatment, as confirmed by the success of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, additional mechanisms and events, many of which function independently of BCR-ABL1, play important roles, particularly in terms of leukemic stem cell (LSC) persistence, primary and secondary resistance, and disease progression. Promising therapeutic approaches aim to disrupt pathways which mediate LSC survival during successful TKI treatment, in the hope of improving long-term treatment-free-remission and perhaps provide a functional cure for some patients. Over the years through advances in sequencing technology frequent molecular aberrations in addition to BCR-ABL1 have been identified not only in advanced disease but also in chronic phase CML, often affecting epigenetic regulators such as ASXL1, DNMT3A and TET2. Analyses of serial samples have revealed various patterns of clonal evolution with some mutations preceding the BCR-ABL1 acquisition. Such mutations can be considered to be important co-factors in the pathogenesis of CML and could potentially influence therapeutic strategies in the future.
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32
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Raghuwanshi S, Dahariya S, Sharma DS, Kovuru N, Sahu I, Gutti RK. RUNX1 and TGF‐β signaling cross talk regulates Ca2+ion channels expression and activity during megakaryocyte development. FEBS J 2020; 287:5411-5438. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Raghuwanshi
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Swati Dahariya
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Durga Shankar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Narasaiah Kovuru
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Itishri Sahu
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad India
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RUNX1 mutations enhance self-renewal and block granulocytic differentiation in human in vitro models and primary AMLs. Blood Adv 2020; 3:320-332. [PMID: 30709863 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To unravel molecular mechanisms by which Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations contribute to leukemic transformation, we introduced the RUNX1-S291fs300X mutation in human CD34+ stem/progenitor cells and in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In both models, RUNX1mut overexpression strongly impaired myeloid commitment. Instead, self-renewal was enhanced, as shown, by increased long-term culture-initiating cell frequencies and enhanced colony-forming cell replating capacity. Long-term suspension cultures with RUNX1mut-transduced cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells continued for more than 100 days, during which the cells displayed an immature granulocyte-macrophage progenitor-like CD34+/CD123+/CD45RA+ phenotype. The CD34+/CD38- hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) population most likely acted as cell of origin, as HSCs provided the best long-term proliferative potential on overexpression of RUNX1mut. CEBPA expression was reduced in RUNX1mut cells, and reexpression of CEBPA partly restored differentiation. RNA-seq analysis on CB/iPSC systems and on primary patient samples confirmed that RUNX1 mutations induce a myeloid differentiation block, and that a common set of RUNX1mut-upregulated target genes was strongly enriched for gene ontology terms associated with nucleosome assembly and chromatin structure. Interestingly, in comparison with AML1-ETO binding in acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), we found significantly distinct genomic distribution and differential expression for RUNX1mut of genes such as TCF4, MEIS1, and HMGA2 that may potentially contribute to the underlying difference in clinical outcomes between RUNX1mut and AML1-ETO patients. In conclusion, RUNX1mut appears to induce a specific transcriptional program that contributes to leukemic transformation.
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Choi IY, Lim H, Cho HJ, Oh Y, Chou BK, Bai H, Cheng L, Kim YJ, Hyun S, Kim H, Shin JH, Lee G. Transcriptional landscape of myogenesis from human pluripotent stem cells reveals a key role of TWIST1 in maintenance of skeletal muscle progenitors. eLife 2020; 9:e46981. [PMID: 32011235 PMCID: PMC6996923 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of skeletal muscle cells with human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) opens new avenues for deciphering essential, but poorly understood aspects of transcriptional regulation in human myogenic specification. In this study, we characterized the transcriptional landscape of distinct human myogenic stages, including OCT4::EGFP+ pluripotent stem cells, MSGN1::EGFP+ presomite cells, PAX7::EGFP+ skeletal muscle progenitor cells, MYOG::EGFP+ myoblasts, and multinucleated myotubes. We defined signature gene expression profiles from each isolated cell population with unbiased clustering analysis, which provided unique insights into the transcriptional dynamics of human myogenesis from undifferentiated hPSCs to fully differentiated myotubes. Using a knock-out strategy, we identified TWIST1 as a critical factor in maintenance of human PAX7::EGFP+ putative skeletal muscle progenitor cells. Our data revealed a new role of TWIST1 in human skeletal muscle progenitors, and we have established a foundation to identify transcriptional regulations of human myogenic ontogeny (online database can be accessed in http://www.myogenesis.net/).
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Choi
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of Medicine, Graduate SchoolKyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hotae Lim
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- College of Veterinary MedicineChungbuk National UniversityChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Cho
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical CampusBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Yohan Oh
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Bin-Kuan Chou
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Hao Bai
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Yong Jun Kim
- Department of Pathololgy, College of MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - SangHwan Hyun
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- College of Veterinary MedicineChungbuk National UniversityChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyesoo Kim
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Joo Heon Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical CampusBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Gabsang Lee
- The Institute for Cell EngineeringJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- The Solomon H. Synder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University, School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
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35
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Neuroblastoma in Adolescents and Children Older than 10 Years: Unusual Clinicopathologic and Biologic Features. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:586-595. [PMID: 30973487 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) in children older than 10 years is rare. We reviewed our archives for patients with NB aged 10 to 18 years and summarized their clinicopathologic/genetic records. Of 96 patients, 4 patients were identified in this age group. Four tumors were abdominal; 1 patient had 2 tumors at diagnosis, one of which was presacral. Tumor sizes ranged from 3 to 20 cm. All tumors were high risk at clinical stages 3 and 4, with metastasis to bone marrow and other areas. Four tumors were poorly differentiated with unfavorable histology and one patient with bilateral adrenal disease had an intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma on one side. Another tumor exhibited pheochromocytoma-like morphology. MYCN amplification was present in bone marrow metastasis in one case. Complex chromosomal gains and 19p deletions were common. Exome sequencing revealed ALK variants in 2 cases and previously unreported MAGI2, RUNX1, and MLL mutations. All patients received standard chemotherapy and 2 patients received ALK-targeted trial therapy. Three patients died of disease, ranging 18 to 23 months after diagnosis. One patient has active disease and is receiving trial therapy. In conclusion, NB in children older than 10 years may exhibit unusual clinicopathologic and genetic features with large tumors, bilateral adrenal disease, rare morphologic features, complex DNA microarray findings and novel mutations. Patients often have grim prognoses despite genomic profiling-guided targeted therapy.
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Terao C, Momozawa Y, Ishigaki K, Kawakami E, Akiyama M, Loh PR, Genovese G, Sugishita H, Ohta T, Hirata M, Perry JRB, Matsuda K, Murakami Y, Kubo M, Kamatani Y. GWAS of mosaic loss of chromosome Y highlights genetic effects on blood cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4719. [PMID: 31624269 PMCID: PMC6797717 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is frequently observed in the leukocytes of ageing men. However, the genetic architecture and biological mechanisms underlying mLOY are not fully understood. In a cohort of 95,380 Japanese men, we identify 50 independent genetic markers in 46 loci associated with mLOY at a genome-wide significant level, 35 of which are unreported. Lead markers overlap enhancer marks in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs, P ≤ 1.0 × 10−6). mLOY genome-wide association study signals exhibit polygenic architecture and demonstrate strong heritability enrichment in regions surrounding genes specifically expressed in multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells and HSCs (P ≤ 3.5 × 10−6). ChIP-seq data demonstrate that binding sites of FLI1, a fate-determining factor promoting HSC differentiation into platelets rather than red blood cells (RBCs), show a strong heritability enrichment (P = 1.5 × 10−6). Consistent with these findings, platelet and RBC counts are positively and negatively associated with mLOY, respectively. Collectively, our observations improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying mLOY. Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is associated with age and smoking but also genetic factors play a role. Here, Terao et al. perform GWAS for mLOY in 95,380 Japanese men and identify 46 loci that overlap with hematopoietic stem cell enhancers and transcription factor binding sites critical for hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. .,Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, 420-8527, Japan. .,The Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ishigaki
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Healthcare and Medical Data Driven AI based Predictive Reasoning Development Unit, Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program (MIH), RIKEN, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Po-Ru Loh
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Giulio Genovese
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Hiroki Sugishita
- Laboratory for Developmental Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tazro Ohta
- Database Center for Life Science, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan. .,Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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37
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Watanabe K. Recent advances in the understanding of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down syndrome. Pediatr Int 2019; 61:222-229. [PMID: 30593694 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neonates with Down syndrome (DS) have a propensity to develop the unique myeloproliferative disorder, transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM). TAM usually resolves spontaneously in ≤3 months, but approximately 10% of patients with TAM die from hepatic or multi-organ failure. After remission, 20% of patients with TAM develop acute myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome (ML-DS). Blasts in both TAM and ML-DS have trisomy 21 and GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) mutations. Recent studies have shown that infants with DS and no clinical signs of TAM or increases in peripheral blood blasts can have minor clones carrying GATA1 mutations, referred to as silent TAM. Low-dose cytarabine can improve the outcomes of patients with TAM and high white blood cell count. A number of studies using fetal liver cells, mouse models, or induced pluripotent stem cells have elucidated the roles of trisomy 21 and GATA1 mutations in the development of TAM. Next-generation sequencing of TAM and ML-DS patient samples identified additional mutations in genes involved in epigenetic regulation. Xenograft models of TAM demonstrate the genetic heterogeneity of TAM blasts and mimic the process of clonal selection and expansion of TAM clones that leads to ML-DS. DNA methylation analysis suggests that epigenetic dysregulation may be involved in the progression from TAM to ML-DS. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying leukemogenesis and identification of factors that predict progression to leukemia could assist in development of strategies to prevent progression to ML-DS. Investigation of TAM, a unique pre-leukemic condition, will continue to strongly influence basic and clinical research into the development of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Watanabe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
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38
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Liu S, Xing Y, Lu W, Li S, Tian Z, Xing H, Tang K, Xu Y, Rao Q, Wang M, Wang J. RUNX1 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of t(8;21) leukemia cells via KLF4-mediated transactivation of P57. Haematologica 2019; 104:1597-1607. [PMID: 30792202 PMCID: PMC6669147 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.192773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 is a key transcription factor in hematopoiesis and its disruption is one of the most common aberrations in acute myeloid leukemia. RUNX1 alterations affect its DNA binding capacity and transcriptional activities, leading to the deregulation of transcriptional targets, and abnormal proliferation and differentiation of myeloid cells. Identification of RUNX1 target genes and clarification of their biological functions are of great importance in the search for new therapeutic strategies for RUNX1-altered leukemia. In this study, we identified and confirmed that KLF4, a known tumor suppressor gene, as a direct target of RUNX1, was down-regulated in RUNX1-ETO leukemia. RUNX1 bound to KLF4 promoter in chromatin to activate its transcription, while the leukemogenic RUNX1-ETO fusion protein had little effect on this transactivation. KLF4 was also identified as a novel binding partner of RUNX1. RUNX1 interacted with KLF4 through Runt domain and further co-activated its target genes. However, RUNX1-ETO competed with RUNX1 to bind KLF4 through Runt and ETO domains, and abrogated transcription of KLF4. Finally, overexpression experiments indicated that RUNX1 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of t(8;21) leukemia cells via KLF4-mediated upregulation of P57. These data suggest KLF4 dysregulation mediated by RUNX1-ETO enhances proliferation and retards apoptosis, and provides a potential target for therapy of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Yanyan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Wenting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Shouyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Zheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Haiyan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Kejing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Yingxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Qing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology .,National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, P.R. China
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39
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Chattopadhyay S, Thomsen H, Yadav P, da Silva Filho MI, Weinhold N, Nöthen MM, Hoffman P, Bertsch U, Huhn S, Morgan GJ, Goldschmidt H, Houlston R, Hemminki K, Försti A. Genome-wide interaction and pathway-based identification of key regulators in multiple myeloma. Commun Biol 2019; 2:89. [PMID: 30854481 PMCID: PMC6399257 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited genetic susceptibility to multiple myeloma has been investigated in a number of studies. Although 23 individual risk loci have been identified, much of the genetic heritability remains unknown. Here we carried out genome-wide interaction analyses on two European cohorts accounting for 3,999 cases and 7,266 controls and characterized genetic susceptibility to multiple myeloma with subsequent meta-analysis that discovered 16 unique interacting loci. These risk loci along with previously known variants explain 17% of the heritability in liability scale. The genes associated with the interacting loci were found to be enriched in transforming growth factor beta signaling and circadian rhythm regulation pathways suggesting immunoglobulin trait modulation, TH17 cell differentiation and bone morphogenesis as mechanistic links between the predisposition markers and intrinsic multiple myeloma biology. Further tissue/cell-type enrichment analysis associated the discovered genes with hemic-immune system tissue types and immune-related cell types indicating overall involvement in immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Chattopadhyay
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Hauke Thomsen
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | | | - Niels Weinhold
- University Clinic Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, AR, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Research Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
| | - Per Hoffman
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Research Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland
| | - Uta Bertsch
- University Clinic Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Stefanie Huhn
- University Clinic Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, 72205, AR, USA
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- University Clinic Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
- National Centre of Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
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40
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Debaize L, Jakobczyk H, Avner S, Gaudichon J, Rio AG, Sérandour AA, Dorsheimer L, Chalmel F, Carroll JS, Zörnig M, Rieger MA, Delalande O, Salbert G, Galibert MD, Gandemer V, Troadec MB. Interplay between transcription regulators RUNX1 and FUBP1 activates an enhancer of the oncogene c-KIT and amplifies cell proliferation. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:11214-11228. [PMID: 30500954 PMCID: PMC6265458 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a well-known master regulator of hematopoietic lineages but its mechanisms of action are still not fully understood. Here, we found that RUNX1 localizes on active chromatin together with Far Upstream Binding Protein 1 (FUBP1) in human B-cell precursor lymphoblasts, and that both factors interact in the same transcriptional regulatory complex. RUNX1 and FUBP1 chromatin localization identified c-KIT as a common target gene. We characterized two regulatory regions, at +700 bp and +30 kb within the first intron of c-KIT, bound by both RUNX1 and FUBP1, and that present active histone marks. Based on these regions, we proposed a novel FUBP1 FUSE-like DNA-binding sequence on the +30 kb enhancer. We demonstrated that FUBP1 and RUNX1 cooperate for the regulation of the expression of the oncogene c-KIT. Notably, upregulation of c-KIT expression by FUBP1 and RUNX1 promotes cell proliferation and renders cells more resistant to the c-KIT inhibitor imatinib mesylate, a common therapeutic drug. These results reveal a new mechanism of action of RUNX1 that implicates FUBP1, as a facilitator, to trigger transcriptional regulation of c-KIT and to regulate cell proliferation. Deregulation of this regulatory mechanism may explain some oncogenic function of RUNX1 and FUBP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Debaize
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Hélène Jakobczyk
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stéphane Avner
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jérémie Gaudichon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Rio
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Aurélien A Sérandour
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, 44035 Nantes, France
- Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Lena Dorsheimer
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frédéric Chalmel
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) – UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jason S Carroll
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Martin Zörnig
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, D-60528 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael A Rieger
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Olivier Delalande
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Gilles Salbert
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Galibert
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Génétique Somatique des Cancers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Virginie Gandemer
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Department of pediatric oncohematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 35203 Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Bérengère Troadec
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
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41
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Benhassine M, Guérin SL. Transcription of the Human 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2B (HTR2B) Gene Is under the Regulatory Influence of the Transcription Factors NFI and RUNX1 in Human Uveal Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103272. [PMID: 30347896 PMCID: PMC6214142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Because it accounts for 70% of all eye cancers, uveal melanoma (UM) is therefore the most common primary ocular malignancy. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms leading to the aberrant expression of the gene encoding the serotonin receptor 2B (HTR2B), one of the most discriminating among the candidates from the class II gene signature, in metastatic and non-metastatic UM cell lines. Transfection analyses revealed that the upstream regulatory region of the HTR2B gene contains a combination of alternative positive and negative regulatory elements functional in HTR2B− but not in HTR23B+ UM cells. We demonstrated that both the transcription factors nuclear factor I (NFI) and Runt-related transcription factor I (RUNX1) interact with regulatory elements from the HTR2B gene to either activate (NFI) or repress (RUNX1) HTR2B expression in UM cells. The results of this study will help understand better the molecular mechanisms accounting for the abnormal expression of the HTR2B gene in uveal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Benhassine
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Axe médecine régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S4L8, Canada.
| | - Sylvain L Guérin
- Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie-Recherche (CUO-Recherche), Axe médecine régénératrice, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de Recherche FRQS du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1S4L8, Canada.
- Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada.
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Duggimpudi S, Kloetgen A, Maney SK, Münch PC, Hezaveh K, Shaykhalishahi H, Hoyer W, McHardy AC, Lang PA, Borkhardt A, Hoell JI. Transcriptome-wide analysis uncovers the targets of the RNA-binding protein MSI2 and effects of MSI2's RNA-binding activity on IL-6 signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15359-15369. [PMID: 30126842 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein Musashi 2 (MSI2) has emerged as an important regulator in cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. Translocations and deregulation of the MSI2 gene are diagnostic of certain cancers, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with translocation t(7;17), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with translocation t(10;17), and some cases of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pB-ALL). To better understand the function of MSI2 in leukemia, the mRNA targets that are bound and regulated by MSI2 and their MSI2-binding motifs need to be identified. To this end, using photoactivatable ribonucleoside cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) and the multiple EM for motif elicitation (MEME) analysis tool, here we identified MSI2's mRNA targets and the consensus RNA-recognition element (RRE) motif recognized by MSI2 (UUAG). Of note, MSI2 knockdown altered the expression of several genes with roles in eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathways. We also show that MSI2 regulates classic interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling by promoting the degradation of the mRNA of IL-6 signal transducer (IL6ST or GP130), which, in turn, affected the phosphorylation statuses of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK. In summary, we have identified multiple MSI2-regulated mRNAs and provided evidence that MSI2 controls IL6ST activity that control oncogenic signaling networks. Our findings may help inform strategies for unraveling the role of MSI2 in leukemia to pave the way for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitha Duggimpudi
- From the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- From the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, and
| | - Sathish Kumar Maney
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp C Münch
- Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, and
| | - Kebria Hezaveh
- From the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hamed Shaykhalishahi
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alice C McHardy
- Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany, and
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- From the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- From the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany,
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Moreira R, Pereiro P, Balseiro P, Milan M, Pauletto M, Bargelloni L, Novoa B, Figueras A. Revealing Mytilus galloprovincialis transcriptomic profiles during ontogeny. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 84:292-306. [PMID: 29481906 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean mussels are a worldwide spread bivalve species with extraordinary biological success. One of the reasons of this success could be the reproduction strategy of bivalves, characterized by the presence of trochophore larvae. Larval development in bivalves has been a topic of raising interest in the scientific community but it deserves much more attention. The principal objective of this work was to study the transcriptomic profile of the ontogeny of Mytilus galloprovincialis analyzing the gene expression in different developmental stages, from oocytes to juveniles. For this purpose, after conducting a 454 sequencing of the transcriptomes of mussel hemocytes, adult tissues and larvae, a new DNA microarray was designed and developed. The studied developmental stages: unfertilized oocytes, veliger, pediveliger, settled larvae and juveniles, showed very different transcriptomic profiles and clustered in groups defining their characteristic gene expression along ontogeny. Our results show that oocytes present a distinct and characteristic transcriptome. After metamorphosis, both settled larvae and juveniles showed a very similar transcriptome, with no enriched GO terms found between these two stages. This suggests: 1.- the progressive loss of RNA of maternal origin through larval development and 2.- the stabilization of the gene expression after settlement. On the other hand during metamorphosis a specific profile of differentially expressed genes was found. These genes were related to processes such as differentiation and biosynthesis. Processes related to the immune response were strongly down regulated. These suggest a development commitment at the expense of other non-essential functions, which are temporary set aside. Immune genes such as antimicrobial peptides suffer a decreased expression during metamorphosis. In fact, we found that the oocytes which express a higher quantity of genes such as myticins are more likely to reach success of the offspring, compared to oocytes poor in such mRNAs, whose progeny died before reaching metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Moreira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Patricia Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Pablo Balseiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; Uni Research Environment, Uni Research AS, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Panagopoulos I, Gorunova L, Jacobsen EM, Andersen K, Micci F, Heim S. RUNX1-PDCD6 fusion resulting from a novel t(5;21)(p15;q22) chromosome translocation in myelodysplastic syndrome secondary to chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196181. [PMID: 29672642 PMCID: PMC5908135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemic cells often carry chromosome aberrations which generate chimeric genes of pathogenetic, diagnostic, and prognostic importance. New rearrangements giving rise to novel fusion genes define hitherto unrecognized genetic leukemia subgroups. G-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and molecular genetic analyses were done on bone marrow cells from a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and secondary myelodysplasia. The G-banding analysis revealed the karyotype 46,XX,del(21)(q22)[9]/46,XX[2]. FISH on metaphase spreads with a RUNX1 break apart probe demonstrated that part of RUNX1 (from 21q22) had moved to chromosome band 5p15. RNA sequencing showed in-frame fusion of RUNX1 with PDCD6 (from 5p15), something that was verified by RT-PCR together with Sanger sequencing. Further FISH analyses with PDCD6 and RUNX1 home-made break apart/double fusion probes showed a red signal (PDCD6) on chromosome 5, a green signal on chromosome 21 (RUNX1), and two yellow fusion signals, one on der(5) and the other on der(21). Reassessment of the G-banding preparations in light of the FISH and RNA-sequencing data thus yielded the karyotype 46,XX,t(5;21)(p15;q22)[9]/46,XX[2]. The t(5;21)(p15;q22)/RUNX1-PDCD6 was detected only by performing molecular studies of the leukemic cells, but should be sought after also in other leukemic/myelodysplastic cases with del(21q).
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/diagnosis
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/etiology
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Translocation, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Panagopoulos
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Ludmila Gorunova
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristin Andersen
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesca Micci
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Heim
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Bettini LR, Graziola F, Fazio G, Grazioli P, Scagliotti V, Pasquini M, Cazzaniga G, Biondi A, Larizza L, Selicorni A, Gaston-Massuet C, Massa V. Rings and Bricks: Expression of Cohesin Components is Dynamic during Development and Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E438. [PMID: 29389897 PMCID: PMC5855660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohesin complex components exert fundamental roles in animal cells, both canonical in cell cycle and non-canonical in gene expression regulation. Germline mutations in genes coding for cohesins result in developmental disorders named cohesinopaties, of which Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is the best-known entity. However, a basic description of mammalian expression pattern of cohesins in a physiologic condition is still needed. Hence, we report a detailed analysis of expression in murine and human tissues of cohesin genes defective in CdLS. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods in fetal and adult tissues, cohesin genes were found to be ubiquitously and differentially expressed in human tissues. In particular, abundant expression was observed in hematopoietic and central nervous system organs. Findings of the present study indicate tissues which should be particularly sensitive to mutations, germline and/or somatic, in cohesin genes. Hence, this expression analysis in physiological conditions may represent a first core reference for cohesinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rachele Bettini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
- Clinica Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Federica Graziola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Grazia Fazio
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Paolo Grazioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Valeria Scagliotti
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Mariavittoria Pasquini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cazzaniga
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Clinica Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, 20900 Monza, Italy.
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Laboratory of Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20154 Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Carles Gaston-Massuet
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Valentina Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
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46
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Wu Y, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Ma C, Liu XE, Sun X. miR-216a-3p Inhibits the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Human Gastric Cancer Cells via Targeting RUNX1 and Activating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2017; 26:157-171. [PMID: 28835317 PMCID: PMC7844601 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15031557924150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aims to elucidate the effects and the potential underlying mechanisms of microRNA-216a-3p (miR-216a-3p) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer (GC) cells. In this study, we revealed that the expression of miR-216a-3p was significantly elevated in GC tissues and cell lines. The different expression level of miR-216a-3p was firmly correlated with clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients. We next demonstrated that upregulation of miR-216a-3p could dramatically promote the ability of proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells using a series of experiments, whereas downregulation essentially inhibited these properties. Additionally, through bioinformatics analysis and biological approaches, we confirmed that runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was a direct target of miR-216a-3p, and overexpression of RUNX1 could reverse the potential effect of miR-216a-3p on GC cells. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation using Western blot analysis showed that downregulation of RUNX1 by miR-216a-3p could stimulate the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, this work proved that miR-216a-3p can promote GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via targeting RUNX1 and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-216a-3p/RUNX1 could be a possible molecular target for innovative therapeutic agents against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfang Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xing-E Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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47
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RUNX1 is required for oncogenic Myb and Myc enhancer activity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2017; 130:1722-1733. [PMID: 28790107 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-775536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding the RUNX1 transcription factor is mutated in a subset of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients, and RUNX1 mutations are associated with a poor prognosis. These mutations cluster in the DNA-binding Runt domain and are thought to represent loss-of-function mutations, indicating that RUNX1 suppresses T-cell transformation. RUNX1 has been proposed to have tumor suppressor roles in T-cell leukemia homeobox 1/3-transformed human T-ALL cell lines and NOTCH1 T-ALL mouse models. Yet, retroviral insertional mutagenesis screens identify RUNX genes as collaborating oncogenes in MYC-driven leukemia mouse models. To elucidate RUNX1 function(s) in leukemogenesis, we generated Tal1/Lmo2/Rosa26-CreERT2Runx1f/f mice and examined leukemia progression in the presence of vehicle or tamoxifen. We found that Runx1 deletion inhibits mouse leukemic growth in vivo and that RUNX silencing in human T-ALL cells triggers apoptosis. We demonstrate that a small molecule inhibitor, designed to interfere with CBFβ binding to RUNX proteins, impairs the growth of human T-ALL cell lines and primary patient samples. We demonstrate that a RUNX1 deficiency alters the expression of a crucial subset of TAL1- and NOTCH1-regulated genes, including the MYB and MYC oncogenes, respectively. These studies provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence that RUNX1 has oncogenic roles and reveal RUNX1 as a novel therapeutic target in T-ALL.
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48
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Bogoch Y, Friedlander-Malik G, Lupu L, Bondar E, Zohar N, Langier S, Ram Z, Nachmany I, Klausner JM, Pencovich N. Augmented expression of RUNX1 deregulates the global gene expression of U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells and inhibits tumor growth in mice. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698357. [PMID: 28443460 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. A mesenchymal phenotype was associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme patients. Recently, the transcription factor RUNX1 was suggested as a driver of the glioblastoma multiforme mesenchymal gene expression signature; however, its independent role in this process is yet to be described. Here, we assessed the role of RUNX1 in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells in correspondence to its mediated transcriptome and genome-wide occupancy pattern. Overexpression of RUNX1 led to diminished tumor growth in nude and severe combined immunodeficiency mouse xenograft tumor model. At the molecular level, RUNX1 occupied thousands of genomic regions and regulated the expression of hundreds of target genes, both directly and indirectly. RUNX1 occupied genomic regions that corresponded to genes that were shown to play a role in brain tumor progression and angiogenesis and upon overexpression led to a substantial down-regulation of their expression level. When overexpressed in U87 glioblastoma multiforme cells, RUNX1 down-regulated key pathways in glioblastoma multiforme progression including epithelial to mesenchymal transition, MTORC1 signaling, hypoxia-induced signaling, and TNFa signaling via NFkB. Moreover, master regulators of the glioblastoma multiforme mesenchymal phenotype including CEBPb, ZNF238, and FOSL2 were directly regulated by RUNX1. The data suggest a central role for RUNX1 as master regulator of gene expression in the U87 glioblastoma multiforme cell line and mark RUNX1 as a potential target for novel future therapies for glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoel Bogoch
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilgi Friedlander-Malik
- 2 Bioinformatics Unit, Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lior Lupu
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Bondar
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nitzan Zohar
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sheila Langier
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zvi Ram
- 3 Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Nachmany
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joseph M Klausner
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Niv Pencovich
- 1 The Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hepatic-Bili-Pancreatic Cancer Research, Department of Surgery B, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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49
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Quiescence of adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells requires thyroid hormone and hypoxia to activate Runx1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1019. [PMID: 28432293 PMCID: PMC5430791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01023-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains a population of slowly dividing oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), i.e., adult OPCs, which supply new oligodendrocytes throughout the life of animal. While adult OPCs develop from rapidly dividing perinatal OPCs, the mechanisms underlying their quiescence remain unknown. Here, we show that perinatal rodent OPCs cultured with thyroid hormone (TH) under hypoxia become quiescent and acquire adult OPCs-like characteristics. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p15/INK4b plays crucial roles in the TH-dependent cell cycle deceleration in OPCs under hypoxia. Klf9 is a direct target of TH-dependent signaling. Under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factors mediates runt-related transcription factor 1 activity to induce G1 arrest in OPCs through enhancing TH-dependent p15/INK4b expression. As adult OPCs display phenotypes of adult somatic stem cells in the CNS, the current results shed light on environmental requirements for the quiescence of adult somatic stem cells during their development from actively proliferating stem/progenitor cells.
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50
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Khawaled S, Aqeilan RI. RUNX1, a new regulator of EMT in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17407-17408. [PMID: 28407696 PMCID: PMC5392256 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Khawaled
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem
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