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Hirano M, Iwata K, Yamada Y, Shinoda Y, Yamazaki M, Hino S, Ikeda A, Shimizu A, Otsuka S, Nakagawa H, Watanabe Y. AlveoMPU: Bridging the Gap in Lung Model Interactions Using a Novel Alveolar Bilayer Film. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1486. [PMID: 38891433 PMCID: PMC11174738 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The alveoli, critical sites for gas exchange in the lungs, comprise alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary capillary endothelial cells. Traditional experimental models rely on porous polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate membranes, which restrict direct cell-to-cell contact. To address this limitation, we developed AlveoMPU, a new foam-based mortar-like polyurethane-formed alveolar model that facilitates direct cell-cell interactions. AlveoMPU features a unique anisotropic mortar-shaped configuration with larger pores at the top and smaller pores at the bottom, allowing the alveolar epithelial cells to gradually extend toward the bottom. The underside of the film is remarkably thin, enabling seeded pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells to interact with alveolar epithelial cells. Using AlveoMPU, it is possible to construct a bilayer structure mimicking the alveoli, potentially serving as a model that accurately simulates the actual alveoli. This innovative model can be utilized as a drug-screening tool for measuring transepithelial electrical resistance, assessing substance permeability, observing cytokine secretion during inflammation, and evaluating drug efficacy and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Hirano
- Frontier Research Management Office, Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Kosuke Iwata
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Yuri Yamada
- Frontier Research Management Office, Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yasuhiko Shinoda
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Masateru Yamazaki
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Sayaka Hino
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Aya Ikeda
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Akiko Shimizu
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Shuhei Otsuka
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Hiroyuki Nakagawa
- Organic Device Development Department, Material Development Division, Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd., 1-1 Higashitakasuka, Futatsudera, Ama 490-1207, Aichi, Japan; (K.I.); (M.Y.); (S.H.); (A.I.); (A.S.); (S.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Yoshihide Watanabe
- Frontier Research Management Office, Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.W.)
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Ledo AM, Dimke T, Tschantz WR, Rowlands D, Growcott E. The role of airway mucus and diseased pulmonary epithelium on the absorption of inhaled antibodies. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123519. [PMID: 37852310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled antibody therapy for the treatment of respiratory diseases is a promising strategy to maximize pulmonary exposure and reduce side effects associated with parenteral administration. However, the development of inhaled antibodies is often challenging due to a poor understanding of key mechanisms governing antibody absorption and clearance in healthy and diseased pulmonary epithelium. Here, we utilize well established Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell (HBEC) models grown at air-liquid interface to study the absorption process of antibodies and antibody fragments. With these cellular models, we recapitulate the morphology and function of healthy and diseased pulmonary epithelium, and incorporate the mucosal barrier to enable the investigation of both cellular permeability as well as mucodiffusion. We studied the saturation of antibody transport across the HBEC barriers and estimated the impact of disease-like epithelial barriers on antibody paracellular transport. Additionally, we identified a potential role of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-independent and target-mediated transcytosis in the transport of Fragment antigen-binding (Fab) and F(ab)2 antibody fragments. Lastly, our models were able to pinpoint an impaired antibody diffusion across mucus gels. These mechanistic cellular models are promising in vitro tools to inform Physiologically-based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) computational models for dose prediction toward de-risking the development of inhaled biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Martinez Ledo
- Disease Area X, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
| | - Thomas Dimke
- Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - William R Tschantz
- NIBR Biologics Center, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
| | - David Rowlands
- Disease Area X, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States
| | - Ellena Growcott
- Disease Area X, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States.
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Vizzoni L, Migone C, Grassiri B, Zambito Y, Ferro B, Roncucci P, Mori F, Salvatore A, Ascione E, Crea R, Esin S, Batoni G, Piras AM. Biopharmaceutical Assessment of Mesh Aerosolised Plasminogen, a Step towards ARDS Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1618. [PMID: 37376068 PMCID: PMC10300680 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe complication of lung injuries, commonly associated with bacterial, fungal and viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 viral infections. ARDS is strongly correlated with patient mortality and its clinical management is very complex, with no effective treatment presently available. ARDS involves severe respiratory failure, fibrin deposition in both airways and lung parenchyma, with the development of an obstructing hyaline membrane drastically limiting gas exchange. Moreover, hypercoagulation is related to deep lung inflammation, and a pharmacological action toward both aspects is expected to be beneficial. Plasminogen (PLG) is a main component of the fibrinolytic system playing key roles in various inflammation regulatory processes. The inhalation of PLG has been proposed in the form of the off-label administration of an eyedrop solution, namely, a plasminogen-based orphan medicinal product (PLG-OMP), by means of jet nebulisation. Being a protein, PLG is susceptible to partial inactivation under jet nebulisation. The aim of the present work is to demonstrate the efficacy of the mesh nebulisation of PLG-OMP in an in vitro simulation of clinical off-label administration, considering both the enzymatic and immunomodulating activities of PLG. Biopharmaceutical aspects are also investigated to corroborate the feasibility of PLG-OMP administration by inhalation. The nebulisation of the solution was performed using an Aerogen® SoloTM vibrating-mesh nebuliser. Aerosolised PLG showed an optimal in vitro deposition profile, with 90% of the active ingredient impacting the lower portions of a glass impinger. The nebulised PLG remained in its monomeric form, with no alteration of glycoform composition and 94% of enzymatic activity maintenance. Activity loss was observed only when PLG-OMP nebulisation was performed under simulated clinical oxygen administration. In vitro investigations evidenced good penetration of aerosolised PLG through artificial airway mucus, as well as poor permeation across an Air-Liquid Interface model of pulmonary epithelium. The results suggest a good safety profile of inhalable PLG, excluding high systemic absorption but with good mucus diffusion. Most importantly, the aerosolised PLG was capable of reversing the effects of an LPS-activated macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line, demonstrating the immunomodulating activity of PLG in an already induced inflammatory state. All physical, biochemical and biopharmaceutical assessments of mesh aerosolised PLG-OMP provided evidence for its potential off-label administration as a treatment for ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Vizzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Migone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ylenia Zambito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Centre for Nutraceutical and Healthy Foods “NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Baldassare Ferro
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Paolo Roncucci
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, 57124 Livorno, Italy
| | - Filippo Mori
- Kedrion S.p.A., Via di Fondovalle, Loc. Bolognana, 55027 Gallicano, Italy
| | - Alfonso Salvatore
- Kedrion S.p.A., Via di Fondovalle, Loc. Bolognana, 55027 Gallicano, Italy
| | - Ester Ascione
- Kedrion S.p.A., Via di Fondovalle, Loc. Bolognana, 55027 Gallicano, Italy
| | - Roberto Crea
- Kedrion S.p.A., Via di Fondovalle, Loc. Bolognana, 55027 Gallicano, Italy
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Piras
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrument Sharing of University of Pisa (CISUP), 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Wong CYJ, Cuendet M, Spaleniak W, Gholizadeh H, Marasini N, Ong HX, Traini D. Validation of a cell integrated next-generation impactor to assess in vitro drug transport of physiologically relevant aerosolised particles. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122024. [PMID: 35843365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel inhaled formulations in the pre-clinical stage has been impeded by a lack of meaningful information related to drug dissolution and transport at the lung epithelia due to the absence of physiologically relevant in vitro respiratory models. The objective of the present study was to develop an in vitro experimental model, which combined the next generation impactor (NGI) and two respiratory epithelial cell lines, for examining the aerodynamic performance of dry powder inhalers and the fate of aerosolised drugs following lung deposition. The NGI impaction plates of stage 3 (i.e., a cut-off diameter of 2.82-4.46 µm) and stage 7 (i.e., a cut-off diameter of 0.34-0.55 µm) were modified to accommodate 3 cell cultures inserts. Specifically, Calu-3 cells and H441 cells, which are representative of the bronchial and alveolar epithelia in the lung, respectively, were cultivated at the air-liquid interface on SnapwellsTM with polycarbonate membranes. The aerodynamic particle size distribution of the modified NGI was investigated using resveratrol dry powder formulation (as a model drug). The suitability of such an in vitro model was confirmed by examining the in vitro aerodynamic performance of the model drug as compared to the conventional NGI setup (i.e., without the integrated Snapwell inserts), as well as the effect of experimental conditions (e.g., 60 L/min airflows) on the cells in the integrated Snapwell inserts. After deposition of the aerodynamically fractioned resveratrol, the permeation of the drug across the cell layer to the basolateral chamber of the Snapwell inserts was evaluated over 24 h. Results obtained from the drug transport study showed that the cell-integrated NGI provided realistic drug delivery conditions to the cells that can be used to assess the fate of fractionated aerosol particles. This system enables a better understanding of the in vitro drug deposition in the lungs and allows studies on both aerodynamic characterisation and drug transport (drug biological interactions with the cells) to be performed simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuen Jerry Wong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Weronika Spaleniak
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hanieh Gholizadeh
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Nirmal Marasini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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