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Trager LE, Lyons M, Kuznetsov A, Sheffield C, Roh K, Freeman R, Rhee J, Guseh JS, Li H, Rosenzweig A. Beyond cardiomyocytes: Cellular diversity in the heart's response to exercise. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022:S2095-2546(22)00125-9. [PMID: 36549585 PMCID: PMC10362490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes comprise ∼70% to 85% of the total volume of the adult mammalian heart but only about 25% to 35% of its total number of cells. Advances in single cell and single nuclei RNA sequencing have greatly facilitated investigation into and increased appreciation of the potential functions of non-cardiomyocytes in the heart. While much of this work has focused on the relationship between non-cardiomyocytes, disease, and the heart's response to pathological stress, it will also be important to understand the roles that these cells play in the healthy heart, cardiac homeostasis, and the response to physiological stress such as exercise. The present review summarizes recent research highlighting dynamic changes in non-cardiomyocytes in response to the physiological stress of exercise. Of particular interest are changes in fibrotic pathways, the cardiac vasculature, and immune or inflammatory cells. In many instances, limited data are available about how specific lineages change in response to exercise or whether the changes observed are functionally important, underscoring the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena E Trager
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MI 55455, USA
| | - Margaret Lyons
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alexandra Kuznetsov
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cedric Sheffield
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kangsan Roh
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca Freeman
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James Rhee
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J Sawalla Guseh
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Haobo Li
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Institute for Heart and Brain Health, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Arabacı Tamer S, Altınoluk T, Emran M, Korkmaz S, Yüksel RG, Baykal Z, Dur ZS, Levent HN, Ural MA, Yüksel M, Çevik Ö, Ercan F, Yıldırım A, Yeğen BÇ. Melatonin Alleviates Ovariectomy-Induced Cardiovascular Inflammation in Sedentary or Exercised Rats by Upregulating SIRT1. Inflammation 2022; 45:2202-2222. [PMID: 35665875 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the impact of hormone replacement, melatonin, or exercise alone or their combination on oxidative damage and functional status of heart, brain, and aorta of ovariectomized (OVX) rats and to determine whether the signaling pathway is dependent on sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats were orally given either a hormone replacement therapy (1 mg/kg/day,17β estradiol; HRT) or melatonin (4 mg/kg/day) or HRT + melatonin treatments or tap water, while each group was further divided into sedentary and exercise (30 min/5 days/week) groups. After the heart rate measurements and memory tests were performed, trunk blood was collected at the end of the 10th week to determine metabolic parameters in serum samples. Tissue samples of abdominal aorta, heart, and brain were taken for biochemical measurements and histopathological evaluation. Heart rates and memory performances of the OVX rats were not changed significantly by none of the applications. Melatonin treatment or its co-administration with HRT upregulated the expressions of IL-10 and SIRT1, reduced the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α, and reduced DNA damage in the hearts and thoracic aortae of non-exercised rats. Co-administration of melatonin and HRT to exercised OVX rats reduced inflammatory response and upregulated SIRT1 expression in the aortic and cardiac tissues. The present study suggests that melatonin treatment, either alone or in combination with exercise and/or HRT, upregulates SIRT1 expression and alleviates oxidative injury and inflammation in the hearts and aortas of OVX rats. Melatonin should be considered in alleviating cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabacı Tamer
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basibüyük Mah. Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Physiology, Sakarya University School of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey.,Department of Physiology, Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülin Altınoluk
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basibüyük Mah. Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Physiology, Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Miray Emran
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Korkmaz
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Zeynep Baykal
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Hilal Nişva Levent
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mürüvvet Abbak Ural
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Marmara University Vocational School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Çevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Yıldırım
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basibüyük Mah. Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basibüyük Mah. Maltepe Basibüyük Yolu No. 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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da Silva FS, Aquino de Souza NCS, de Moraes MV, Abreu BJ, de Oliveira MF. CmyoSize: An ImageJ macro for automated analysis of cardiomyocyte size in images of routine histology staining. Ann Anat 2022; 241:151892. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.151892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Costa SP, Domingues TE, Rodrigues CM, Silva SB, Diniz E Magalhães CO, Costa-Pereira LV, Peixoto MFD, da Fonseca SF, Sampaio KH, Mendonça VA, Lacerda ACR. Does endurance training prior to ovariectomy protect against myocardial contractility dysfunction in rats? Exp Gerontol 2021; 155:111556. [PMID: 34537279 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endurance training prevents cardiac dysfunction induced by menopause, but to date, no studies compared the effects of endurance training prior to menopause versus estrogen replacement therapy during menopause on heart function of rats. METHODS Female Wistar rats aged three months were randomly assigned into three groups: Untrained ovariectomized rats (UN-OVX), untrained ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol (UN-OVX-E2), and ovariectomized rats previously exercised (EX-OVX). The endurance training protocol consisted of running on a treadmill at 60-70% of maximal aerobic capacity, 60 min per day, five days per week, for eight weeks. Estradiol replacement therapy consisted of silastic capsules containing the hormone for twelve days. After euthanasia, hearts were harvested, weighed and cardiac function was evaluated by the Langendorff technique. RESULTS Both cardiac contractility and relaxation indexes improved similarly in the EX-OVX and UN-OVX-E2 rats compared to UN-OVX. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal similar beneficial effects between endurance training previously to menopause and estradiol replacement therapy during menopause on cardiac function of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Paula Costa
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Talita Emanuela Domingues
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil
| | - Cíntia Maria Rodrigues
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil
| | - Sara Barros Silva
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Caíque Olegário Diniz E Magalhães
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil
| | - Liliane Vanessa Costa-Pereira
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil
| | - Marco Fabricio Dias Peixoto
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Sueli Ferreira da Fonseca
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde (CIPq-Saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF), Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.
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Kampaengsri T, Ponpuak M, Wattanapermpool J, Bupha-Intr T. Deficit of female sex hormones desensitizes rat cardiac mitophagy. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 64:72-79. [PMID: 33938817 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_102_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term deprivation of female sex hormones has been shown to mediate accumulation of damaged mitochondria in ventricular muscle leading to cardiovascular dysfunction. Therefore, the roles of female sex hormones in mitochondrial quality control are closely focused. In the present study, depletion of female sex hormones impairing mitochondrial autophagy in the heart was hypothesized. Cardiac mitophagy was therefore investigated in the heart of 10-week ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated (SHAM) rats. By using isolated mitochondria preparation, results demonstrated an increase in mitochondrial PTEN-induced kinase 1 accumulation in the sample of OVX rats indicating mitochondrial outer membrane dysfunction. However, no change in p62 and LC3-II translocation to mitochondria was observed between two groups indicating unresponsiveness of mitophagosome formation in the OVX rat heart. This loss might be resulted from significant decreases in Parkin and Bcl2l13 expression, but not Bnip3 activation. In summary, results suggest that mitochondrial abnormality in the heart after deprivation of female sex hormones could consequently be due to desensitization of mitophagy process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Pope BS, Wood SK. Advances in understanding mechanisms and therapeutic targets to treat comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 116:337-349. [PMID: 32598982 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic or repeated social stress exposure often precipitates the onset of depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite a clear clinical association between CVD and depression, the pathophysiology underlying these comorbid conditions is unclear. Chronic exposure to social stress can lead to immune system dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and vagal withdrawal. Further, regular physical exercise is well-known to exert cardioprotective effects, and accumulating evidence demonstrates the antidepressant effect of exercise. This review explores the contribution of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and vagal withdrawal to stress-induced depression and CVD. Evidence for therapeutic benefits of exercise, anti-inflammatory therapies, and vagus nerve stimulation are also reviewed. Benefits of targeted therapeutics of mitochondrial agents, anti-inflammatory therapies, and vagus nerve stimulation are discussed. Importantly, the ability of exercise to impact each of these factors is also reviewed. The current findings described here implicate a new direction for research, targeting the shared mechanisms underlying comorbid depression-CVD. This will guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of these stress-related pathologies, particularly within treatment-resistant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany S Pope
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, 20208, United States
| | - Susan K Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, 29209, United States; William Jennings Bryan Dorn Veterans Administration Medical Center, Columbia, SC, 29209, United States.
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Sasso GRDS, Florencio-Silva R, da Fonseca CCN, Cezar LC, Carbonel AAF, Gil CD, Simões MDJ, Girão MJBC. Effects of estrogen deficiency followed by streptozotocin-induced diabetes on periodontal tissues of female rats. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:353-365. [PMID: 32488735 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although both estrogen deficiency and diabetes contribute to periodontal tissue deterioration, the combined effects of these conditions on periodontium is unknown. Thus, we analyzed the combined effects of ovariectomy followed by streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on periodontal tissues of rats. Twenty adult rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or SHAM-operated (SHAM). After 3 weeks, the rats received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg/body weight) to induce diabetes or vehicle (blank) solution. The groups were assigned as follows (n = 5): SHAM-vehicle (SHAM), OVX-vehicle (OVX), SHAM + STZ (SHAM-Di), and OVX + STZ (OVX-Di). Seven weeks post-diabetes induction, the rats were euthanized. Blood samples were collected for glucose measurements and maxillae were processed for paraffin embedding. Sections stained with hematoxylin/eosin, Masson's trichrome, and picrosirius-red were used for alveolar bone loss and collagen fiber analysis in the lamina propria. Immunohistochemistry was performed for runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and tryptase detection. Alveolar bone loss and fewer collagen fibers were observed in the OVX-Di group, collagen fibers with irregular organization, and MMP-9 immunoreactivity were more evident in diabetic groups, and MMP-9-positive osteoclasts on alveolar bone surface were noticed in all groups. The OVX-Di group showed lower Runx2 immunoreactivity (osteoblast formation marker), and more tryptase-positive cells (mast cell marker) in the alveolar bone marrow. Our results indicate that estrogen depletion, followed by STZ-induced diabetes, promotes periodontal tissue deterioration that is more evident than both interventions applied alone. Furthermore, our results points to a possible participation of bone-derived mast cells in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Rodrigues da Silva Sasso
- Departamento de Ginecologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rinaldo Florencio-Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Cesar Navarrete da Fonseca
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana Carvalho Cezar
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Patologia Experimental e Comparada, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Aparecida Ferraz Carbonel
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Departamento de Ginecologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Disciplina de Histologia e Biologia Estrutural, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil
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Phungphong S, Kijtawornrat A, Kampaengsri T, Wattanapermpool J, Bupha-Intr T. Comparison of exercise training and estrogen supplementation on mast cell-mediated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R829-R842. [PMID: 32159365 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00224.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac inflammation has been proposed as one of the primary mechanisms of anthracycline-induced acute cardiotoxicity. A reduction in cardiac inflammation might also reduce cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of estrogen therapy and regular exercise on attenuating cardiac inflammation in the context of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Ovariectomized rats were randomly allocated into estrogen supplementation, exercise training, and mast cell stabilizer treatment groups. Eight weeks after ovariectomy, rats received six cumulative doses of doxorubicin for two weeks. Echocardiography demonstrated a progressive decrease in ejection fraction in doxorubicin-treated rats without hypertrophic effect. This systolic defect was completely prevented by either estrogen supplementation or mast cell stabilizer treatment but not by regular exercise. As a heart disease indicator, increased β-myosin heavy chain expression induced by doxorubicin could only be prevented by estrogen supplementation. Decrease in shortening and intracellular Ca2+ transients of cardiomyocytes were due to absence of female sex hormones without further effects of doxorubicin. Again, estrogen supplementation and mast cell stabilizer treatment prevented these changes but exercise training did not. Histological analysis indicated that the hyperactivation of cardiac mast cells in ovariectomized rats was augmented by doxorubicin. Estrogen supplementation and mast cell stabilizer treatment completely prevented both increases in mast cell density and degranulation, whereas exercise training partially attenuated the hyperactivation. Our results, therefore, suggest that estrogen supplementation acts similarly to mast cell stabilizers in attenuating the effects of doxorubicin. Ineffectiveness of regular exercise in preventing the acute cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin might be due to a lesser effect on preventing cardiac inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Phungphong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Acikel Elmas M, Cakıcı SE, Dur IR, Kozluca I, Arınc M, Binbuga B, Bingol Ozakpınar O, Kolgazi M, Sener G, Ercan F. Protective effects of exercise on heart and aorta in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Tissue Cell 2019; 57:57-65. [PMID: 30947964 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Acikel Elmas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyit Enes Cakıcı
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Rahmi Dur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kozluca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melih Arınc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berkant Binbuga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Meltem Kolgazi
- Department of Physiology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksel Sener
- Department of Pharmacology, Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Role of cardiac mast cells in exercise training-mediated cardiac remodeling in angiotensin II-infused ovariectomized rats. Life Sci 2019; 219:209-218. [PMID: 30658099 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Regular exercise is recommended in postmenopausal women to prevent the development of heart disease, but mechanism underlying the protection is not completely understood. Many studies have suggested that exercise training notably mediated whole body immune and inflammatory functions. Whether exercise training prevents cardiac dysfunction after deprivation of female sex hormones by inhibiting cardiac immune activation is therefore interesting. MAIN METHODS Nine-week treadmill running program was introduced in sham-operated and ovariectomized rats. In addition, chronic angiotensin II infusion was further challenged to activate pathological cardiac remodeling. Cardiac remodeling in associated with the density and degranulation of cardiac mast cells was then evaluated. KEY FINDINGS With exogenous angiotensin II-induced hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy with myocardial fibrosis was shown similarly in both sham-operated controls and ovariectomized rats. Although exercise training did not prevent cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis was abolished by exercise. While ovariectomy increased both cardiac mast cell density and degranulation percentage, angiotensin II infusion only enhanced mast cell density. Exercise training could not decrease the density of mast cells, but it did normalize the percentage of degranulation in all groups. Correlation analysis suggested that cardiac mast cell activation is inversely associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy due to exercise training but is directly correlated to cardiac hypertrophy by angiotensin II infusion. SIGNIFICANCE Exercise training could attenuate cardiac mast cell hyperactivation induced by either deprivation of female sex hormones or excessive angiotensin II. Additionally, cardiac mast cells could be a solution in the distinction between physiological and pathological hypertrophic development.
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Varga I, Kyselovič J, Galfiova P, Danisovic L. The Non-cardiomyocyte Cells of the Heart. Their Possible Roles in Exercise-Induced Cardiac Regeneration and Remodeling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 999:117-136. [PMID: 29022261 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The non-cardiomyocyte cellular microenvironment of the heart includes diverse types of cells of mesenchymal origin. During development, the majority of these cells derive from the epicardium, while a subset derives from the endothelium/endocardium and neural crest derived mesenchyme. This subset includes cardiac fibroblasts and telocytes, the latter of which are a controversial type of "connecting cell" that support resident cardiac progenitors in the postnatal heart. Smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and endothelial cells are also present, in addition to adipocytes, which accumulate as epicardial adipose connective tissue. Furthermore, the heart harbors many cells of hematopoietic origin, such as mast cells, macrophages, and other immune cell populations. Most of these control immune reactions and inflammation. All of the above-mentioned non-cardiomyocyte cells of the heart contribute to this organ's well-orchestrated physiology. These cells also contribute to regeneration as a result of injury or age, in addition to tissue remodeling triggered by chronic disease or increased physical activity (exercise-induced cardiac growth). These processes in the heart, the most important vital organ in the human body, are not only fascinating from a scientific standpoint, but they are also clinically important. It is well-known that regular exercise can help prevent many cardiovascular diseases. However, the precise mechanisms underpinning myocardial remodeling triggered by physical activity are still unknown. Surprisingly, exercise-induced adaptation mechanisms are often identical or very similar to tissue remodeling caused by pathological conditions, such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac fibrosis. This review provides a summary of our current knowledge regarding the cardiac cellular microenvironment, focusing on the clinical applications this information to the study of heart remodeling during regular physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Varga
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jan Kyselovič
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Paulina Galfiova
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Lu J, Pan SS. Elevated C-type natriuretic peptide elicits exercise preconditioning-induced cardioprotection against myocardial injury probably via the up-regulation of NPR-B. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:475-487. [PMID: 27557795 PMCID: PMC10717239 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate exercise preconditioning (EP)-induced cardioprotective effects against exercise-induced acute myocardial injury and investigate the alterations of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and its specific receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B), during EP-induced cardioprotection. Rats were subjected to treadmill exercise as an EP model (4 periods of 10 min each at 30 m/min with intervening periods of rest lasting 10 min). High-intensity exercise was performed 0.5 and 24 h after the EP. EP attenuated high-intensity exercise-induced myocardial injury in both the early and late phases. After EP and high-intensity exercise, CNP and NPR-B levels increased robustly, but no alterations in the plasma CNP were observed. The enhanced NPR-B, plasma and tissue CNP, and its mRNA levels after high-intensity exercise were significantly elevated by EP. These results suggest that cardiac CNP and NPR-B play an important role in EP-mediated cardioprotection against high-intensity exercise-induced myocardial injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shan-Shan Pan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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