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Cetin A, Donmez A, Dalar A, Bildirici I. Amino acid and Dicyclohexylurea Linked Pyrazole Analogues: Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Cetin
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Education, V an Yuzuncu Yil University Van 65080 Turkey
| | - Ali Donmez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Van Yuzuncu Yil University Van 65080 Turkey
| | - Abdullah Dalar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmacy Van Yuzuncu Yil University Van 65080 Turkey
| | - Ishak Bildirici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Van Yuzuncu Yil University Van 65080 Turkey
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Nutritional risk and dietary intake among newly enrolled meals on wheels participants. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Verdú E, Homs J, Boadas-Vaello P. Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413333. [PMID: 34948944 PMCID: PMC8705491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle is associated with overweight/obesity, which involves excessive fat body accumulation, triggering structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems. Research shows that this fat accumulation is responsible for several comorbidities, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic dysfunctions, as well as pathological pain behaviors. These health concerns are related to the crosstalk between adipose tissue and body systems, leading to pathophysiological changes to the latter. To deal with these health issues, it has been suggested that physical exercise may reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by modulating the cross talk between the adipose tissue and body systems. In this context, this review was carried out to provide knowledge about (i) the structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems from accumulation of fat in obesity, emphasizing the crosstalk between fat and body tissues; (ii) the crosstalk between fat and body tissues triggering pain; and (iii) the effects of physical exercise on body tissues and organs in obese and non-obese subjects, and their impact on pathological pain. This information may help one to better understand this crosstalk and the factors involved, and it could be useful in designing more specific training interventions (according to the nature of the comorbidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Verdú
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (P.B.-V.)
| | - Judit Homs
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES-University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (P.B.-V.)
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Barbalho M, Coswig VS, Bottaro M, de Lira CAB, Campos MH, Vieira CA, Gentil P. "NO LOAD" resistance training increases functional capacity and muscle size in hospitalized female patients: A pilot study. Eur J Transl Myol 2019; 29:8492. [PMID: 31908746 PMCID: PMC6926436 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of resistance training performed with no external load (NLRT) versus resistance training performed with elastic bands (RTEB) on muscle hypertrophy and functional performance in hospitalized patients. Twenty hospitalized females (age, 59.05±3.2 years; height 163.6±2.5 cm; body mass 70.2±3.6 kgs) were randomly assigned to RTEB or NLRT. Both groups trained three times a week for five weeks. RTEB was performed with elastic bands, while NLRT involved maximum voluntary contractions with no external loads. Biceps brachii, triceps brachii and pectoralis muscle thickness (MT) were measured by ultrasound. Functional performance was measured by the 30s elbow flexion test. MT significantly increased in all muscles tested for both groups, with no differences between groups. Changes ranged from 14 to 38%. Functional performance significantly improved by 42.7% for NLRT and 52.1% for RTEB, with no difference between them. The present results suggest that NLRT might be an efficient, feasible and low-cost strategy to promote morphological and functional benefits in the upper limb of hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Barbalho
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | | | - Martim Bottaro
- Faculdade de Educação Física, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | | | - Mario Hebling Campos
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
| | | | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil
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Saffel-Shrier S, Johnson MA, Francis SL. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: Food and Nutrition Programs for Community-Residing Older Adults. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:781-797. [PMID: 31103435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing number and diversity of older adults and the transformation of health care services in the United States, it is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior that all older adults should have access to evidence-based food and nutrition programs that ensure the availability of safe and adequate food to promote optimal nutrition, health, functionality, and quality of life. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered, in partnership with other practitioners and nutrition educators, should be actively involved in programs that provide coordinated services between the community and health care systems that include regular monitoring and evaluation of programming outcomes. The rapidly growing older population, increased demand for integrated continuous support systems, and rising cost of health care underscore the need for these programs. Programs must include food assistance and meal programs, nutritional screening and assessment, nutrition education, medical nutrition therapy, monitoring, evaluation, and documentation of evidence-based outcomes. Coordination with long-term care services and support systems is necessary to allow older adults to remain in their homes; improve or maintain their health and manage chronic disease; better navigate transitions of care; and reduce avoidable hospital, acute, or long-term care facility admissions. Funding of these programs requires evidence of their effectiveness, especially regarding health, functionality, and health care-related outcomes of interest to individuals, caregivers, payers, and policy makers. Targeting of food and nutrition programs involves addressing unmet needs for services, particularly among those at high risk for poor nutrition. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered must increase programmatic efforts to measure outcomes to evaluate community-based food and nutrition services. POSITION STATEMENT: It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior that older adults should have access to evidence-based food and nutrition programs that ensure the availability of safe and adequate food to promote optimal nutrition, health, functionality, and quality of life. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered, in partnership with other practitioners and nutrition educators, should be actively involved in programs that provide coordinated services between the community and health care systems that include regular monitoring and evaluation of programming outcomes. The rapidly growing older population, increased demand for integrated continuous support systems, and rising cost of health care underscore the need for these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Saffel-Shrier
- Certified Gerontologist, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Rigamonti AE, De Col A, Tamini S, Cicolini S, Caroli D, De Micheli R, Tringali G, Abbruzzese L, Marazzi N, Cella SG, Sartorio A. Multidisciplinary Integrated Metabolic Rehabilitation in Elderly Obese Patients: Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Fatigue and Muscle Performance. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061240. [PMID: 31159183 PMCID: PMC6627369 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a widespread problem in the elderly, being associated with severe comorbidities negatively influencing life expectancy. Integrated multidisciplinary metabolic rehabilitation aimed to reduce body weight (BW) and fatigue, increase physical autonomy and introduce healthy life style changes has been proposed as a useful intervention to improve the general health status and quality of life of the obese geriatric population. Methods: Six hundred-eighty four severely obese subjects (F/M = 592/92; age range: 61–83 years; mean body mass index, BMI ± SD: 42.6 ± 5.6 kg/m2) were admitted to take part in a three-week in-hospital BW reduction program (BWRP), entailing energy restricted diet, psychological counselling, physical rehabilitation and nutritional education. Biochemical parameters, cardiovascular risk factors (throughout the Coronary Heart Disease Risk, CHD-R), fatigue (throughout the Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS) and lower limb muscle performance (throughout the Stair Climbing Test, SCT) were evaluated before and at the end of the BWRP. Results: A 4% BW reduction was achieved at the end of the BWRP. This finding was associated with a significant improvement of the metabolic homeostasis (i.e., decrease in total cholesterol and glucose) and a reduction of systolic blood pressure in both females and males, thus resulting in a reduction of CHD-R in the male group. Total FSS score and SCT time decreased in female and male obese patients. The effects of BWPR were comparable among all age-related subgroups (>60, 60–69 and >70 years), apart from ΔCHD-R, which was higher in male subgroups. Finally, age was negatively correlated with ΔBMI and ΔFSS. Conclusions: Though only a relatively limited number of outcomes were investigated, the present study shows that a 4% BW reduction in severely elderly obese patients is associated with positive multisystemic effects, particularly, muscle-skeletal and cardiometabolic benefits, which can favorably influence their general well-being and improve the autonomy level in performing more common daily activities. The maintenance of a healthy life style, including controlled food intake and regular physical activity, after a BWRP is obviously recommended in all elderly obese patients to further improve their clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello E Rigamonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra De Col
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Sofia Tamini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Sabrina Cicolini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Diana Caroli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Roberta De Micheli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Laura Abbruzzese
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Metabolic Diseases, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Marazzi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
| | - Silvano G Cella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Metabolic Diseases, strada L. Cadorna 90, 28824 Piancavallo (VB), Italy.
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Saffel-Shrier S, Johnson MA, Francis SL. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior: Food and Nutrition Programs for Community-Residing Older Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:1188-1204. [PMID: 31103369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing number and diversity of older adults and the transformation of health care services in the United States, it is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior that all older adults should have access to evidence-based food and nutrition programs that ensure the availability of safe and adequate food to promote optimal nutrition, health, functionality, and quality of life. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered, in partnership with other practitioners and nutrition educators, should be actively involved in programs that provide coordinated services between the community and health care systems that include regular monitoring and evaluation of programming outcomes. The rapidly growing older population, increased demand for integrated continuous support systems, and rising cost of health care underscore the need for these programs. Programs must include food assistance and meal programs, nutritional screening and assessment, nutrition education, medical nutrition therapy, monitoring, evaluation, and documentation of evidence-based outcomes. Coordination with long-term care services and support systems is necessary to allow older adults to remain in their homes; improve or maintain their health and manage chronic disease; better navigate transitions of care; and reduce avoidable hospital, acute, or long-term care facility admissions. Funding of these programs requires evidence of their effectiveness, especially regarding health, functionality, and health care-related outcomes of interest to individuals, caregivers, payers, and policy makers. Targeting of food and nutrition programs involves addressing unmet needs for services, particularly among those at high risk for poor nutrition. Registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered must increase programmatic efforts to measure outcomes to evaluate community-based food and nutrition services.
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Kim BR, Kim JH. Effect of Different Resistance Intensities on Changes of Inflammatory and Muscle Damage Markers in Man. THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.15758/ajk.2018.20.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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MacNab L, Francis SL, Lofgren I, Violette C, Shelley MC, Delmonico M, Xu F. Factors Influencing Dietary Intake Frequencies and Nutritional Risk among Community-Residing Older Adults. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 37:255-268. [PMID: 30376443 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2018.1524809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Older adult (OA) dietary practices may be placing them at nutritional risk. This cross-sectional study examined the dietary intake frequencies (DIF) and nutritional risk (NR) using the Dietary Screening Tool (DST) of OA attending community-based nutrition education and physical activity programs. Most were white females aged 60-80 years. The majority (80.1%) were classified as "at NR" or "at possible NR." Participants had "low" lean protein, dairy, and processed meat DIF and "moderate" whole fruit and juice, total and whole grains, vegetables and added fats, sugars, and sweets DIF. State influenced whole fruit and juice (p ≤ .001) and vegetable (p = .021) DIF, age influenced processed meat DIF (p = .001), and gender influenced NR (p = .006), vegetable (p = .022), and processed meat (p = .033) DIF. Results indicate that OA participating in lifestyle interventions are at NR. When developing future nutrition education programs, educators should consider sociodemographic factors to promote dairy and protein-rich foods to OA at NR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay MacNab
- a Dietetic Intern , Vanderbilt University Medical Center Dietetic Internship Program , Nashville , TN , USA
| | - Sarah L Francis
- b State Human Sciences Extension and Outreach Specialist, Nutrition and Wellness, Department of FSHN , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
| | - Ingrid Lofgren
- c Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | | | - Mack C Shelley
- e Departments of Political Science and Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames , IA , USA
| | - Matthew Delmonico
- f Department of Kinesiology , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Furong Xu
- f Department of Kinesiology , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
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Barbalho MDSM, Gentil P, Izquierdo M, Fisher J, Steele J, Raiol RDA. There are no no-responders to low or high resistance training volumes among older women. Exp Gerontol 2017; 99:18-26. [PMID: 28918362 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of non-responders to different tests and to compare the effects of different resistance training (RT) volumes on muscle strength, anthropometric and functional performance of older women. METHODS Three hundred seventy six women performed 12weeks of RT with either low or high volume (LV, 71.29±5.77years and HV 69.73±5.88years, respectively). Both groups performed the same exercises, and all parameters were held constant except for the number of sets performed per week. LV performed 8-12 for upper and 4-6 for lower body, while HV performed 16-20 and 8-10, respectively. Before and after the training period, the participants were tested for bench press and leg press 1RM, 30-s chair stand, 30-s arm curl, six-minute walk test, sit and reach, body weight and waist circumference. RESULTS Both groups significantly improved in all strength and functional tests and reduced their body weight and waist circumference. ANOVA revealed higher gains in the leg press 1RM, 30-s arm curls and 6-min walk test for the HV group and higher increases in the results of the sit and reach test for the LV group. However, the differences were negligible and may be attributable to a type I error due to the large sample size. Non-responsiveness was not apparent in any subject, as a positive response on at least one outcome was present in every participant. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that RT, even at low volume, improves waist circumference, muscle strength and physical function in the older population, with no evidence of non-responsiveness. Therefore, we should not be restrictive in prescribing this type of exercise to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Gôiania, GO, Brazil.
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CB16/10/00315), Tudela, Navarre, Spain
| | - James Fisher
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, United Kingdom
| | - James Steele
- School of Sport, Health, and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, United Kingdom
| | - Rodolfo de Azevedo Raiol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Greene GW, Lofgren I, Paulin C, Greaney ML, Clark PG. Differences in Psychosocial and Behavioral Variables by Dietary Screening Tool Risk Category in Older Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 118:110-117. [PMID: 28822756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Screening Tool (DST) has been validated as a dietary screening instrument for older adults defining three categories of potential nutritional risk based on DST score cutoffs. Previous research has found that older adults classified as being "at risk" differed from those categorized as being "not at risk" for a limited number of health-related variables. The relationship between risk categories and a wide variety of variables has not yet been explored. This research will contribute to an increased understanding of clustering of multiple health concerns in this population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether DST risk categories differed by demographic, anthropometric, cognitive, functional, psychosocial, or behavioral variables in older adults. DESIGN This study utilized a cross-sectional design with data collected from September 15, 2009 to July 31, 2012. Participants completed an interviewer-administered survey including the DST and other measures. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Community-dwelling older adults (n=255) participating in the Study of Exercise and Nutrition in Older Rhode Islanders Project were included if they met study inclusion criteria (complete DST data with depression and cognitive status scores above cutoffs). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES DST scores were used to classify participants' dietary risk (at risk, possible risk, and not at risk). STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Multiple analysis of variance and χ2 analyses examined whether DST risk categories differed by variables. Significant predictors were entered into a logistic regression equation predicting at-risk compared to other risk categories combined. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 82.5±4.9 years. Nearly half (49%, n=125) were classified as being at possible risk, with the remainder 26% (n=66) not at risk and at risk 25% (n=64). At-risk participants were less likely to be in the Action/Maintenance Stages of Change (P<0.01). There was a multivariate effect of risk category (P<0.01). At-risk participants had a lower intake of fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable self-efficacy, satisfaction with life, and resilience, as well as higher Geriatric Depression Scale scores, indicating greater negative affect than individuals not at risk (P<0.05). In a logistic regression predicting at risk, fruit and vegetable self-efficacy, Satisfaction with Life Scale score, and fruit and vegetable intake were independent predictors of risk (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Older adults classified as at risk indicated a greater degree of negative affect and reduced self-efficacy to consume fruits and vegetables. This study supports the use of the DST in assessment of older adults and suggests a clustering of health concerns among those classified as at risk.
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Fraile-Bermúdez AB, Kortajarena M, Zarrazquin I, Irazusta A, Fernandez-Atutxa A, Ruiz-Litago F, Yanguas JJ, Gil J, Irazusta J. Physical activity and dietary habits related to cardiovascular risk in independent community-living older women. Exp Gerontol 2017; 92:46-51. [PMID: 28315394 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A side effect of increased life expectancy is a surge in sequelae of diseases and injuries, which in turn increase the duration of life with disability among the elderly. The aim of this study was to ascertain the physical activity and nutritional parameters that better predict cardiovascular risk in a cohort of older women. A cross-sectional study was designed including 65 women able to independently perform basic activities of daily life. Data collection included anthropometric measurement, blood pressure measurement, blood analytics, objectively measurement of physical activity, and dietary assessment. We were able to generate models that explain the relationship between physical activity, diet, and these health measurement parameters. We observed that the combination of moderate physical activity and a diet including protein-rich foods as nuts, dairy, and eggs were better predictors associated with favorable changes in risk factors for cardiovascular disease than age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Fraile-Bermúdez
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - M Kortajarena
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - I Zarrazquin
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - A Irazusta
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - A Fernandez-Atutxa
- Department of Nursing I, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - F Ruiz-Litago
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J J Yanguas
- Matia Instituto Gerontologico Foundation, Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - J Gil
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - J Irazusta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
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Ramel A, Geirsdottir OG, Jonsson PV, Thorsdottiri I. C-Reactive Protein and Resistance Exercise in Community Dwelling Old Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:792-6. [PMID: 26193865 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant, has been associated with atherosclerosis and has also been discussed as a target for intervention. The effects of resistance exercise on CRP are currently not clear. The present analysis investigated the response of CRP to resistance exercise in old adults. DESIGN Intervention study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Old Icelandic adults (N = 235, 73.7 ± 5.7 years, 58.2% female). INTERVENTION Twelve-week resistance exercise program (3 times/week; 3 sets, 6-8 repetitions at 75-80% of the 1-repetition maximum) designed to increase strength and muscle mass of major muscle groups. MEASUREMENTS C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS Mean CRP levels were 7.1 ± 4.6 mg/dL at baseline, thirty-six (15.6%) subjects had abnormally high CRP (>10 mg/L) values at baseline. After the resistance exercise program the overall changes in CRP were minor and not significant. However, CRP decreased considerably in participants with high CRP at baseline (-4.28 ± 9.41 mg/L; P = 0.015) but increased slightly in participants with normal CRP (0.81 ± 4.58 mg/L, P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the concentrations of circulating CRP decreased considerably after a 12-week resistance exercise program in participants with abnormally high CRP at baseline, possibly reducing thus risk for future disease. CRP changed little in participants with normal CRP at the start of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramel
- Alfons Ramel, Unit for Nutrition Research, Eiriksgata 29, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland, Telephone: +354 543 8410, Fax: +354 543 4824,
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McMillen KK, Schmidt EM, Storer BE, Bar M. Metabolic syndrome appears early after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2014; 12:367-71. [PMID: 25006868 DOI: 10.1089/met.2014.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved survival after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) enables us to learn more about potential late complications after HCT, one of which is metabolic syndrome. There are no studies investigating the prevalence or development of metabolic syndrome within the first year post-HCT in adult myeloablative transplant recipients. METHODS In this retrospective study, we evaluated the prevalence of and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome early post-HCT in human subjects. Due to lack of complete information regarding all the factors that define metabolic syndrome, we evaluated metabolic characteristics using available objective data referred to as modified metabolic syndrome (MMS). The cohort included 785 patients. RESULTS We demonstrated that the incidence of MMS was 34% pre-HCT, 48% at day 80 post-HCT, and 40% at 1 year post-HCT. MMS at day 80 post-HCT was predictive of having MMS at 1 year post-HCT. CONCLUSION These results support the need for nutrition and lifestyle intervention to prevent and treat metabolic abnormalities among patients who survive the acute transplant period.
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Development and validation of a Food Choices Score for use in weight-loss interventions. Br J Nutr 2014; 111:1862-70. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Weight loss results from an energy deficit, although the quality of food choices making up the diet may also be important. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a diet quality tool based on food categories to monitor dietary change in clinical weight-loss settings. The Food Choices Score (FCS) was based on seventeen food categories, each scoring up to five points, totalling 85. In addition to content validity, the tool was validated using (1) two energy-deficit diet models (6500 and 7400 kJ) assuring nutrient and food-group targets and (2) dietary data from two weight-loss trials (n 189). First, the diet models confirmed that an optimal score of 85 was achievable. Second, change in scores was compared with weight loss achieved at 3 months. The trial data produced a mean FCS of 42·6 (sd 8·6), increasing to 49·1 (sd 7·6) by 3 months. Participants who lost weight achieved a higher FCS at 3 months than those who did not (P= 0·027), and there was an even greater improvement in the FCS (P= 0·024) in participants losing ≥ 5 % body weight than in those losing < 5 %. A greater change in the FCS (Δ ≥ 7) resulted in a greater change in BMI (P =0·044), and score change was correlated with weight change (P= 0·023). Participants with the highest scores ( ≥ 56 v. ≤ 44/85) consumed more fruit (P< 0·001) and low-fat dairy foods (P =0·004), less fatty meat (P< 0·001), non-whole-grain cereals (P< 0·001), non-core foods and drinks (NCFD) (P< 0·001), less energy (P =0·018), less dietary fat (P< 0·001) and more dietary fibre (P= 0·013). Weight loss was 35·5 % less likely to be achieved with every increase in the serves of NCFD (P =0·004) in the study sample. The FCS is a valid tool for assessing diet quality in clinical weight-loss settings.
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Kim HS, Kim DG. Effect of long-term resistance exercise on body composition, blood lipid factors, and vascular compliance in the hypertensive elderly men. J Exerc Rehabil 2013; 9:271-7. [PMID: 24278871 PMCID: PMC3836511 DOI: 10.12965/jer.130010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is designated as either essential (primary) hypertension or secondary hypertension and is defined as a consistently elevated blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension is called "the silent killer" because it often causes no symptoms for many years, even decades, until it finally damages certain critical organs. In various causes of hypertension, obesity is an increasing health problem worldwide, and several epidemiological studies have identified a positive association between obesity and an increased incidence of hypertension. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of long-term resistance exercise on body composition, blood lipid profile, vascular compliance, and blood pressure in the elderly men. For this study, the In-Body test, blood lipid profile, and analysis of vascular compliance and blood pressure were performing before and after in experiment. The twenty male subjects aged between 68 and 72 yr were recruited from the 'Y' senior towers in Korea. All subjects performed exercises on a weight training machines 40 min once a day for 52 weeks. The exercise intensity for resistance training was 60% of the 10 RM maximal voluntary contraction test. All subjects before performing resistance exercise showed an increase in hypertension following enhanced %fat, blood lipid factors (TC, LDL-C), whereas decreased lean body mass (LBM), vascular compliance. However, 52 weeks of resistance exercise suppressed %fat and LDL-C, whereas improved LBM, vascular compliance, resulting in reducing hypertensive levels in the elderly men. We suggest that resistance exercise can be a valuable tool for the remarkable improvement of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sub Kim
- Department of Social Sports, College of Natural Science, Dae Jeon University, Daejeon, Korea
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Abstract
Sarcopenia is associated with substantial health and economic consequences and is emerging as a major public health problem in the older population. The effects of sarcopenia may increase the risk for adverse health outcomes in older adults, and strategies need to be developed to maintain healthy aging. Although several intervention strategies have been proposed, resistance training (RT) has been suggested as the most effective stimulus for optimizing improvements in physical function and body composition with age. Although RT has been established as a safe and efficacious intervention for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, very few older adults regularly participate in RT programs. Community-based RT programs may be a feasible strategy because of their accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and lower-intensity training stimuli. However, the effects of these interventions on health outcomes in older adults have not been adequately reviewed. This report will describe the health effects associated with sarcopenia and summarize the major findings from community-based RT interventions on different health outcomes in older adults. Finally, it is suggested that all older adults who demonstrate the ability to safely participate in RT comply with the guidelines recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad R. Straight
- The Department of Kinesiology (CRS, MJD) and Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Ingrid E. Lofgren
- The Department of Kinesiology (CRS, MJD) and Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Matthew J. Delmonico
- The Department of Kinesiology (CRS, MJD) and Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences (IEL), University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
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