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Visontay R, Mewton L, Sunderland M, Chapman C, Slade T. Is low-level alcohol consumption really health-protective? A critical review of approaches to promote causal inference and recent applications. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:771-780. [PMID: 38643426 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Heavy and disordered alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for several health conditions and is associated with considerable disease burden. However, at low-to-moderate levels, evidence suggests that drinking is associated with reduced risk for certain health outcomes. Whether these findings represent genuine protective effects or mere methodological artifacts remains unclear, but has substantial consequences for policy and practice. This critical review introduces methodological advances capable of enhancing causal inference from observational research, focusing on the 'G-methods' and Mendelian Randomization. We also present and evaluate recent research applying these methods and compare findings to the existing evidence base. Future directions are proposed for improving our causal understanding of the relationships between alcohol and long-term health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Visontay
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Mewton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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Jin L, Zhang Z, Pan P, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Liu L, Zhai Y, Wang H, Xu L, Mei D, Zhang H, Yang Y, Hua J, Zhang X, Zhang L. Low-dose ethanol consumption inhibits neutrophil extracellular traps formation to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1088. [PMID: 37884797 PMCID: PMC10603044 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Ethanol consumption has been reported to reduce morbidity in RA patients, but the mechanism behind it remains unclear. Our results showed that Muribaculaceae was predominant in the gut microbiota of mice after ethanol treatment, and the levels of microbiota metabolite acetate were increased. Acetate reduced arthritis severity in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice, which was associated with a decrease in the articular neutrophils and the myeloperoxidase-deoxyribonucleic acid complex in serum. Meanwhile, in vitro experiments confirmed that acetate affected neutrophil activity by acting on G-protein-coupled receptor 43, which reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress in neutrophils and inhibited neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Furthermore, exogenous acetate reversed CIA mice with exacerbated gut microbial disruption, further confirming that the effect of gut microbial metabolite acetate on neutrophils in vivo is crucial for the immune regulation. Our findings illuminate the metabolic and cellular mechanisms of the gut-joint axis in the regulation of autoimmune arthritis, and may offer alternative avenues to replicate or induce the joint-protective benefits of ethanol without associated detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pin Pan
- Department of orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchen Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lianghu Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Mei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yining Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jinghan Hua
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xianzheng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anti-inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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3
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Wang L, Song L, Ma J, Wang H, Li Y, Huang D. Alcohol induces apoptosis and autophagy in microglia BV-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 177:113849. [PMID: 37217066 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol (ethanol) has proven to be toxic to nearly all organs, with the brain being one of the principal targets. As one of the important components of the brain's blood-brain barrier (BBB) and central nervous system, the state of microglia may be associated with some symptoms of alcohol intoxication. In the present study, microglia BV-2 cells were exposed to various concentrations of alcohol for 3 or 12 h, imitating different stages of drunkenness after alcohol use, respectively. From the perspective of the autophagy-phagocytosis axis, our findings show that alcohol alters autophagy levels or promotes apoptosis in BV-2 cells. The current study adds to the understanding of the action mechanisms of alcohol neurotoxicity. We anticipate that this study will increase public awareness of alcohol's negative effects and contribute to the creation of novel alcoholism treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Lingmin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Yingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, International Institute of Food Innovation, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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Moreno-Llamas A, De la Cruz-Sánchez E. Moderate Beer Consumption Is Associated with Good Physical and Mental Health Status and Increased Social Support. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061519. [PMID: 36986249 PMCID: PMC10052738 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is little large-scale evidence on the effect of alcoholic beer consumption on physical, mental and, above all, socio-emotional health. Here, we conducted a secondary data analysis of the 2012 and 2017 National Health Surveys with 33,185 individuals aged 18 years and older to assess beer consumption in relation to self-perceived health, functional limitations, mental health, and social support. Logistic regression models assessed the association of alcohol consumption (abstainers, ex-drinkers, occasional drinkers, moderate beer drinkers, and heavy beer drinkers) with self-perceived health (poor or good), limitations of type (none, physical, mental, or both) and intensity (none, mild, or severe), mental health (poor, average, or good) and social support (poor, average, or good). Analyses were adjusted for sex, age, occupational social class, educational level, place of residence, survey, part-time physical activity, dietary information, smoking, and body mass index. Compared to abstainers, occasional and moderate beer drinkers were associated with better mental and self-perceived health and social support, and were less likely to report mild or severe physical limitations. In contrast, former drinkers were associated with worse indicators of self-perceived health, physical health, mental health, and social support than abstainers. Alcoholic beer consumption showed a J-shaped relationship with self-perceived, physical, mental, and social-emotional health, with better values at moderate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Moreno-Llamas
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, San Javier Campus, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain
| | - Ernesto De la Cruz-Sánchez
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, San Javier Campus, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain
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5
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Visontay R, Mewton L, Slade T, Aris IM, Sunderland M. Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Depression: A Marginal Structural Model Approach Promoting Causal Inference. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:209-217. [PMID: 36651625 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.22010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with decreased risk for depression, but it remains unclear whether this is a causal relationship or a methodological artifact. To compare the effects of consistent abstinence and occasional, moderate, and above-guideline alcohol consumption throughout early to middle adulthood on depression at age 50, the authors conducted a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort and employed a marginal structural model (MSM) approach. METHODS Baseline was set at 1994, when individuals were ages 29-37. The MSM incorporated measurements of alcohol consumption in 1994, 2002, and 2006, baseline and time-varying covariates, and repeated measurements with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Short Form (CES-D-SF). A total of 5,667 eligible participants provided valid data at baseline, 3,593 of whom provided valid outcome data. The authors used all observed data to predict CES-D-SF means and rates of probable depression for hypothetical trajectories of consistent alcohol consumption. RESULTS The results approximated J-curve relationships. Specifically, both consistent occasional and consistent moderate drinkers were predicted to have reduced CES-D-SF scores and rates of probable depression at age 50 compared with consistent abstainers (CES-D-SF scores: b=-0.84, 95% CI=-1.47, -0.11; probable depression: odds ratio=0.58, 95% CI=0.36, 0.88 for consistent occasional drinkers vs. abstainers; CES-D-SF scores: b=-1.08, 95% CI=-1.88, -0.20; probable depression: odds ratio=0.59, 95% CI=0.26, 1.13 for consistent moderate drinkers vs. consistent abstainers). Consistent above-guideline drinkers were predicted to have slightly increased risk compared with consistent abstainers, but this was not significant. In sex-stratified analyses, results were similar for females and males. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes preliminary evidence that associations between moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk for depression may reflect genuine causal effects. Further research using diverse methodologies that promote causal inference is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Visontay
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Visontay, Mewton, Slade, Sunderland); Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Mewton); Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston (Aris)
| | - Louise Mewton
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Visontay, Mewton, Slade, Sunderland); Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Mewton); Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston (Aris)
| | - Tim Slade
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Visontay, Mewton, Slade, Sunderland); Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Mewton); Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston (Aris)
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Visontay, Mewton, Slade, Sunderland); Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Mewton); Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston (Aris)
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Visontay, Mewton, Slade, Sunderland); Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Mewton); Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston (Aris)
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Bryant KG, Singh B, Barker JM. Reinforcement History Dependent Effects of Low Dose Ethanol on Reward Motivation in Male and Female Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:875890. [PMID: 35481242 PMCID: PMC9036521 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.875890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are more prevalent in men than in women, though AUD diagnoses in women are growing rapidly, making an understanding of sex differences in alcohol-related behaviors increasingly important. The development of AUDs involves the transition from casual, low levels of alcohol drinking to higher, maladaptive levels. The ability of low dose alcohol to drive reward and drug seeking may differ in males and females, and this could underlie differences in susceptibility to AUD. In this study we sought to determine whether a history of chronic, low dose ethanol exposure (0.5 g/kg; i.p.) could drive sucrose reward seeking and motivation, and whether this differed between male and female mice. Adult mice were trained to lever press for a liquid sucrose reward on two reinforcement schedules: a random interval (RI) schedule and a variable ratio (VR) schedule. After training, mice were tested on each of these levers for reward motivation using a progressive ratio test. We found that a history of low dose ethanol exposure increased sucrose reward motivation in male mice, but only on the RI lever and only when exposure occurred proximal to learning. Female mice were more motivated for sucrose on the RI lever than the VR lever regardless of ethanol exposure condition. These findings indicate that training on different reinforcement schedules affects reward motivation. Further, we show that males are more susceptible to the effects of low dose ethanol on sucrose reward motivation than females. These data broaden our understanding of sex differences in reward seeking as a result of ethanol exposure.
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Bai S, Wang W, Zhang Z, Li M, Chen Z, Wang J, Zhao Y, An L, Wang Y, Xing S, Fu X, Ma J. Ethanol Alleviates Amyloid-β-Induced Toxicity in an Alzheimer's Disease Model of Caenorhabiditis elegans. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:762659. [PMID: 34867289 PMCID: PMC8632871 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.762659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β, a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, forms toxic intracellular oligomers and extracellular senile plaques resulting in neuronal toxicity. Ethanol is widely consumed worldwide. Moderate ethanol consumption has numerous benefits in humans. We found that ethanol could significantly extend the lifespan of Caenorhabiditis elegans in a previous study. Based on that study, we tested the effect of ethanol on Alzheimer’s disease transgenic Caenorhabiditis elegans strain CL4176, which expresses amyloid-β1-42 peptide in body wall muscle cells. Ethanol delayed paralysis and reduced amyloid-β oligomers in Caenorhabiditis elegans worms of the CL4176 strain. Moreover, ethanol could induce the nuclear translocation of DAF-16 in the nematodes. However, in worms that were fed daf-16 RNAi bacteria, ethanol no longer delayed the paralysis. The qPCR assays showed that ethanol increases the expression of daf-16, hsf-1 and their common target genes- small heat shock protein genes. In addition, we also found that ethanol could increase lysosome mass in the CL4176 worms. In summary, our study indicated that ethanol attenuated amyloid-β toxicity in the Alzheimer’s disease model of Caenorhabiditis elegans via increasing the level of lysosomes to promote amyloid-β degradation and upregulating the levels of small heat shock protein genes to reduce amyloid-β aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuju Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zehan Chen
- School of Mathematics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiuqiao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu An
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Xing
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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8
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Siska F, Amchova P, Kuruczova D, Tizabi Y, Ruda-Kucerova J. Effects of low-dose alcohol exposure in adolescence on subsequent alcohol drinking in adulthood in a rat model of depression. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:757-769. [PMID: 33821763 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1907717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence drinking and subsequent development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a worldwide health concern. In particular, mood dysregulation or early alcohol exposure can be the cause of heavy drinking in some individuals or a consequence of heavy drinking in others. METHODS This study investigated the effects of voluntary alcohol intake during adolescence, i.e. continuous 10% alcohol access between postnatal days (PND) 29 to 43 and olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) model of depression (performed on PND 59) on alcohol drinking in Wistar rats during adulthood (PND 80-120, intermittent 20% alcohol access). In addition, the effect of NBQX, an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist (5 mg/kg, IP) on spontaneous alcohol consumption was examined. RESULTS Rats exposed to 10% alcohol during adolescence exhibited a lower 20% alcohol intake in the intermittent paradigm during adulthood, while the OBX-induced phenotype did not exert a significant effect on the drinking behaviour. NBQX exerted a transient reduction on alcohol intake in the OBX rats. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that exposure to alcohol during adolescence can affect alcohol drinking in adulthood and that further exploration of AMPA and/or kainate receptor antagonists in co-morbid alcoholism-depression is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Siska
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Amchova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuruczova
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jana Ruda-Kucerova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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9
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Skóra MN, Pattij T, Beroun A, Kogias G, Mielenz D, de Vries T, Radwanska K, Müller CP. Personality driven alcohol and drug abuse: New mechanisms revealed. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 116:64-73. [PMID: 32565173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
While the majority of the regular consumers of alcohol controls their consumption well over life span and even takes instrumentalization benefits from it, a minority, but yet high total number of users develops an alcohol addiction. It has long been known that particular personality types are more addiction prone than others. Here we review recent progress in the understanding of neurobiological pathways that determine personality and facilitate drug abuse. Novel approaches to characterize personality traits leading to addiction proneness in social settings in mice are discussed. A common genetic and neurobiological base for the behavioural traits of sensation seeking or a depressed phenotype and escalating alcohol consumption are reviewed. Furthermore, recent progress on how social and cognitive factors, including impulsivity and decision making, act at brain level to make an individual more vulnerable to alcohol abuse, are discussed. Altogether, this review provides an update on brain mechanisms underlying a broad spectrum of personality traits that make an individual more prone to alcohol and drug abuse and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nalberczak Skóra
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute, ul. L. Pasteura 3, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Tommy Pattij
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Beroun
- BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Georgios Kogias
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Taco de Vries
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, CNCR, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kasia Radwanska
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute, ul. L. Pasteura 3, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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10
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Müller CP. Drug instrumentalization. Behav Brain Res 2020; 390:112672. [PMID: 32442549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs with addiction potential are widely used by people of virtually all cultures in a non-addictive way. In order to understand this behaviour, its population penetrance, and its persistence, drug instrumentalization was suggested as a driving force for this consumption. Drug instrumentalization theory holds that psychoactive drugs are consumed in a very systematic way in order to make other, non-drug-related behaviours more efficient. Here, we review the evolutionary origin of this behaviour and its psychological mechanisms and explore the neurobiological and neuropharmacological mechanisms underlying them. Instrumentalization goals are discussed, for which an environmentally selective and mental state-dependent consumption of psychoactive drugs can be learned and maintained in a non-addictive way. A small percentage of people who regularly instrumentalize psychoactive drugs make a transition to addiction, which often starts with qualitative and quantitative changes in the instrumentalization goals. As such, addiction is proposed to develop from previously established long-term drug instrumentalization. Thus, preventing and treating drug addiction in an individualized medicine approach may essentially require understanding and supporting personal instrumentalization goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Stojakovic A, Ahmad SM, Malhotra S, Afzal Z, Ahmed M, Lutfy K. The role of pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide in the motivational effects of addictive drugs. Neuropharmacology 2020; 171:108109. [PMID: 32325064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) was originally isolated from the hypothalamus and found to stimulate adenylyl cyclase in the pituitary. Later studies showed that this peptide and its receptors (PAC1, VPAC1, and VPAC2) are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). Consistent with its distribution in the CNS, the PACAP/PAC1 receptor system is involved in several physiological responses, such as mediation of the stress response, modulation of nociception, regulation of prolactin release, food intake, etc. This system is also implicated in different pathological states, e.g., affective component of nociceptive processing, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorders. A review of the literature on PubMed revealed that PACAP and its receptors also play a significant role in the actions of addictive drugs. The goal of this review is to discuss the literature regarding the involvements of PACAP and its receptors in the motivational effects of addictive drugs. We particularly focus on the role of this peptide in the motivational effects of morphine, alcohol, nicotine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and cocaine. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stojakovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Syed Muzzammil Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Shreya Malhotra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Zakia Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Mudassir Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Kabirullah Lutfy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 East 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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12
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Young CK, McNaughton N. Mixed Effects of Low-dose Ethanol on Cortical and Hippocampal Theta Oscillations. Neuroscience 2020; 429:213-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Ahmed SH, Badiani A, Miczek KA, Müller CP. Non-pharmacological factors that determine drug use and addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 110:3-27. [PMID: 30179633 PMCID: PMC6395570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Based on their pharmacological properties, psychoactive drugs are supposed to take control of the natural reward system to finally drive compulsory drug seeking and consumption. However, psychoactive drugs are not used in an arbitrary way as pure pharmacological reinforcement would suggest, but rather in a highly specific manner depending on non-pharmacological factors. While pharmacological effects of psychoactive drugs are well studied, neurobiological mechanisms of non-pharmacological factors are less well understood. Here we review the emerging neurobiological mechanisms beyond pharmacological reinforcement which determine drug effects and use frequency. Important progress was made on the understanding of how the character of an environment and social stress determine drug self-administration. This is expanded by new evidence on how behavioral alternatives and opportunities for drug instrumentalization generate different patterns of drug choice. Emerging evidence suggests that the neurobiology of non-pharmacological factors strongly determines pharmacological and behavioral drug action and may, thus, give rise for an expanded system's approach of psychoactive drug use and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge H Ahmed
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Aldo Badiani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), School of Psychology, University of Sussex, BN1 9RH Brighton, UK
| | - Klaus A Miczek
- Psychology Department, Tufts University, Bacon Hall, 530 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Christian P Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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14
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Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Antidepressant effects of moxidectin, an antiparasitic drug, in a rat model of depression. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112220. [PMID: 31513828 PMCID: PMC6783392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Substantial data indicate that an imbalance in gut microbiome (GM), also referred to as dysbiosis, may play an important role in depression. Moreover, drugs that normalize GM can result in an antidepressant-like effect. It was reported recently that moxidectin (MOX), an antiparasitic drug commonly used in veterinary medicine, has a positive influence on microbiota implicated in mood regulation. We undertook this study to determine whether MOX would actually show antidepressant-like properties in an animal model of depression and whether it would affect the hippocampal and frontal cortex levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, peptides that have been implicated in pathogenesis of depression and effectiveness of various antidepressants. Adult male Wistar-Kyoto rats, a putative animal model of depression, were treated with a single dose of MOX (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and their performance in the open field locomotor activity (OFLA) as well as in the forced swim test (FST) was evaluated at 24 h, one week and two weeks after the single injection. A separate group of rats were injected with 2.5 mg/kg MOX and sacrificed 24 h later for neurochemical evaluations. MOX resulted in a decrease in immobility score after 24 h, whereas OFLA was not affected. Concomitant with the 24 h behavioral effects, the levels of hippocampal and frontal cortical BDNF were significantly increased, whereas the levels of TNF-alpha in both these areas were significantly decreased. The decrease in immobility scores was still evident after one week, but not 2 weeks of rest. These results indicate long lasting antidepressant effects of a single MOX dose and suggest potential utility of this drug in treatment-resistant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA.
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15
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Le Daré B, Lagente V, Gicquel T. Ethanol and its metabolites: update on toxicity, benefits, and focus on immunomodulatory effects. Drug Metab Rev 2019; 51:545-561. [PMID: 31646907 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2019.1679169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes recent experimental and epidemiological data on the toxic and beneficial effects of ethanol and its metabolites (acetaldehyde), and focuses on their immunomodulatory effects. The section dealing with the toxic effects of alcohol focuses on its chronic toxicity (liver disorders, carcinogenic effects, cardiovascular disorders, neuropsychic disorders, addiction and withdrawal syndrome, hematologic disorders, reprotoxicity, osteoporosis) although acute toxicity is considered. The role of oxidative metabolism of ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 2E1, and aldehyde dehydrogenase, as well as the impact of genetic polymorphism in its physiopathology are also highlighted. The section dealing with the beneficial effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption (on cardiovascular system, diabetes, the nervous system and sensory organs, autoimmune diseases, and rheumatology) highlights the importance of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in these observations. This knowledge, enriched by a focus on the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol and its metabolites, in particular on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, might facilitate the development of treatments that can reduce ethanol's harmful effects or accentuate its beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Le Daré
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France.,Pharmacy Unit, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France.,Forensic and Toxicology Laboratory, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Lagente
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France
| | - Thomas Gicquel
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRA, Institut NuMeCan (Nutrition, Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France.,Forensic and Toxicology Laboratory, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
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16
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Liu YY, Hu D, Fan QQ, Zhang XH, Zhu YC, Ni MY, Wang YM, Zhang LK, Sheng L. Mechanism of Chaihu Shugan Powder () for Treating Depression Based on Network Pharmacology. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 26:921-928. [PMID: 31630361 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-019-3172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effective components of Chinese medicine (CM) contained in Chaihu Shugan Powder (, CSP) in the treatment of depressive disorders and to predict its anti-depressant mechanism by network pharmacology. METHODS Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity calculation method was used to screen the active components of CSP. Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacological Database Analysis Platform and text mining tool (GoPuMed database) were used to predict and screen the active ingredients of CSP and anti-depressive targets. Through Genetic Association Database, Therapeutic Target Database, and PharmGkb database targets for depression were obtained. Cytoscape3.2.1 software was used to establish a network map of the active ingredients-targets of CSP, and to analyze gene function and metabolic pathways through Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and the Omicshare database. RESULTS The 121 active ingredients and 15 depression-related targets which were screened from the database can exert antidepressant effects by improving the neural plasticity, growth, transfer condition and gene expression of neuronal cell, and the raise of the expression of gap junction protein. The 15 targets passed 14 metabolic pathways, mainly involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters (5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine and epinephrine), inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, calcium signaling pathway, cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and other signal channels to exert anti-depressant effects. CONCLUSION This article reveals the possible mechanism of CSP in the treatment of depression through network pharmacology research, and lays a foundation for further target studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yue Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Qi-Qi Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Xiao-Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Miao-Yan Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Yan-Ming Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Lan-Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China.
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17
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Zappalá G, Platania A, Bellia MA, Ragusa R, Marranzano M. Eating habits and food intake in relation to adherence to the mediterranean diet, in adults living in the Island of Sicily. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-190306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Zappalá
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Armando Platania
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Alessandra Bellia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Ragusa
- Clinical Directorate, University Hospital “G. Rodolico” Catania, Italy
| | - Marina Marranzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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18
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Gémes K, Forsell Y, Janszky I, László KD, Lundin A, Ponce De Leon A, Mukamal KJ, Moller J. Moderate alcohol consumption and depression - a longitudinal population-based study in Sweden. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019; 139:526-535. [PMID: 30980542 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The interrelationship between alcohol consumption and depression is complex, and the direction of the association is unclear. We investigated whether alcohol consumption influences the risk of depression while accounting for this potential bidirectionality. METHODS A total of 10 441 individuals participated in the PART study in 1998-2000, 8622 in 2001-2003, and 5228 in 2010. Participants answered questions on their alcohol consumption, symptoms of depression, childhood adversity, and sociodemographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and lifestyle factors. A total of 5087 participants provided repeated information on alcohol consumption. We used marginal structural models to analyze the association between alcohol consumption and depression while controlling for previous alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms and other time-varying confounders. RESULTS Non-drinkers had a higher depression risk than light drinkers (≤7 drinks/week) (risk ratio: 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.3-2.1). Consumers of seven-fourteen drinks/week had a depression risk similar to that of light drinkers. Hazardous drinking was associated with a higher risk of depression than non-hazardous alcohol consumption (risk ratio: 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.4-2.4). CONCLUSION Light and moderate alcohol consumption and non-hazardous drinking were associated with the lowest risk of subsequent depression after accounting for potential bidirectional effects. Hazardous drinking increased the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gémes
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Forsell
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Janszky
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Regional Center for Health Care Improvement St.Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K D László
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Lundin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Ponce De Leon
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Moller
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Reglodi D, Toth D, Vicena V, Manavalan S, Brown D, Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Therapeutic potential of PACAP in alcohol toxicity. Neurochem Int 2019; 124:238-244. [PMID: 30682380 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol addiction is a worldwide concern as its detrimental effects go far beyond the addicted individual and can affect the entire family as well as the community. Considerable effort is being expended in understanding the neurobiological basis of such addiction in hope of developing effective prevention and/or intervention strategies. In addition, organ damage and neurotoxicological effects of alcohol are intensely investigated. Pharmacological approaches, so far, have only provided partial success in prevention or treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) including the neurotoxicological consequences of heavy drinking. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is an endogenous 38 amino-acid neuropeptide with demonstrated protection against neuronal injury, trauma as well as various endogenous and exogenous toxic agents including alcohol. In this mini-review, following a brief presentation of alcohol addiction and its neurotoxicity, the potential of PACAP as a therapeutic intervention in toxicological consequences of this devastating disorder is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary.
| | - Denes Toth
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Viktoria Vicena
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary
| | - Sridharan Manavalan
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Hungary; Department of Basic Sciences, National University of Health Sciences, Florida, USA
| | - Dwayne Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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20
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Getachew B, Hudson T, Heinbockel T, Csoka AB, Tizabi Y. Protective Effects of Donepezil Against Alcohol-Induced Toxicity in Cell Culture: Role of Caspase-3. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:757-762. [PMID: 29804239 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) is one of the most frequently abused drugs with heavy health, economic, and societal burdens. Although moderate to low EtOH may have some neuroprotective effects, heavy EtOH consumption associated with high blood alcohol level (BAL) can be quite detrimental. The brain is particularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of high BAL, leading to neuronal loss, cognitive, and behavioral deficits. Although the exact causes of these detriments are not fully elucidated, it is believed that damage to the cholinergic system is at least partially responsible for the cognitive impairment. Thus, high BAL may result in selective apoptotic damage to the cholinergic neurons. Donepezil (DON), a centrally acting, reversible and non-competitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, approved for use in Alzheimer's disease (AD), may also attenuate EtOH-induced cognitive impairment. Cognitive effects of DON might be due to an anti-apoptotic activity as some AChE inhibitors have been shown to have this property. The aim of this study was to determine whether DON might protect against EtOH-induced toxicity and whether such protection might be apoptotically mediated. We exposed the human neuroblastoma-derived, SH-SY5Y cells to a relatively high concentration of EtOH (500 mM) for 24 h and evaluated the effects of two concentrations of DON (0.1 and 1.0 μM) on alcohol-induced toxicity and caspase-3, an apoptotic marker. We found a dose-dependent protection of DON against EtOH-induced toxicity as well as dose-dependent attenuation of EtOH-induced increases in caspase-3 levels. Thus, DON may inhibit apoptosis as well as alcohol-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Tamaro Hudson
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College Medicine, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Antonei B Csoka
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College Medicine, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, 20059, USA.
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21
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Getachew B, Tizabi Y. Both Ketamine and NBQX Attenuate Alcohol-Withdrawal Induced Depression in Male Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 8. [PMID: 31032138 PMCID: PMC6483102 DOI: 10.4303/jdar/236069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The co-morbidity between heavy drinking and depression can negatively influence successful cessation of alcohol use. Since ketamine, a glutamatergic NMDA receptor antagonist, has shown promise as a quick-acting antidepressant, we studied its effects specifically on alcohol withdrawal-induced depression. We also evaluated the effects of NBQX an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, because some of the effects of ketamine are proposed to be indirectly mediated through these receptors. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed daily to ethanol via inhalation chambers 4 h/day for 7 days (blood alcohol concentration=160 mg%), followed by daily intraperitoneal injections of ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), NBQX (5mg/kg), alone or in combination. Eighteen hours later, open field locomotor activity (OFLA) followed by forced swim test (FST) were performed. The animals were sacrificed 2 h later for evaluation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. Alcohol withdrawal did not affect OFLA, but caused an increase in immobility in FST, suggesting induction of “depressive-like” helplessness. Both ketamine and NBQX normalized the swimming score in FST. The combination of the two drugs, however, cancelled each other’s effect. Parallel to these behavioral observations, both ketamine and NBQX normalized the reduction in hippocampal BDNF caused by alcohol withdrawal. Here also, the combination of the two drugs cancelled each other’s effect. These results suggest that either NMDA or AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists, acting at least partially through hippocampal BDNF, may be of therapeutic potential in alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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