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Elsherbiny AS, Galal A, Ghoneem KM, Salahuddin NA. Graphene oxide-based nanocomposites for outstanding eco-friendly antifungal potential against tomato phytopathogens. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213863. [PMID: 38642516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
To obtain the collaborative antifungal potential of nanocomposites conjugated with graphene oxide (GO), a combination of GO with chitosan (CS/GO) and GO with chitosan (CS) and polyaniline (PANI/CS/GO) was carried out. The synthesized GO-nanocomposites were recognized by several techniques. Vanillin (Van.) and cinnamaldehyde (Cinn.) were loaded on the prepared nanocomposites as antioxidants through a batch adsorption process. In vitro release study of Van. and Cinn. from the nanocomposites was accomplished at pH 7 and 25°C. The antimicrobial activity of GO, CS/GO, and PANI/CS/GO was studied against tomato Fusarium oxysporum (FOL) and Pythium debaryanum (PYD) pathogens. The loaded ternary composite PANI/CS/GO exhibited the best percent of reduction against the two pathogens in vitro studies. The Greenhouse experiment revealed that seedlings' treatment by CS/GO/Van. and PANI/CS/GO/Van significantly lowered both disease index and disease incidence. The loaded CS/GO and PANI/CS/GO nanocomposites had a positive effect on lengthening shoots. Additionally, when CS/GO/Cinn., CS/GO/Van. and PANI/CS/GO/Van. were used, tomato seedlings' photosynthetic pigments dramatically increased as compared to infected control. The results show that these bio-nanocomposites can be an efficient, sustainable, nontoxic, eco-friendly, and residue-free approach for fighting fungal pathogens and improving plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer S Elsherbiny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Alyaa Galal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Ghoneem
- Seed Pathology Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ID: 60019332), Giza 12112, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Salahuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Bhatt S, Pathak R, Punetha VD, Punetha M. Chitosan nanocomposites as a nano-bio tool in phytopathogen control. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 331:121858. [PMID: 38388036 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan, an economically viable and versatile biopolymer, exhibits a wide array of advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. Chitosan nanocomposites, formed by the amalgamation of chitosan or chitosan nanoparticles with other nanoparticles or materials, have garnered extensive attention across agricultural, pharmaceutical, and biomedical domains. These nanocomposites have been rigorously investigated due to their diverse applications, notably in combatting plant pathogens. Their remarkable efficacy against phytopathogens has positioned them as a promising alternative to conventional chemical-based methods in phytopathogen control, thus exploring interest in sustainable agricultural practices with reduced reliance on chemical interventions. This review aims to highlight the anti-phytopathogenic activity of chitosan nanocomposites, emphasizing their potential in mitigating plant diseases. Additionally, it explores various synthesis methods for chitosan nanoparticles to enhance readers' understanding. Furthermore, the analysis delves into elucidating the intricate mechanisms governing the antimicrobial effectiveness of these composites against bacterial and fungal phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Bhatt
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, PP Savani University, Surat 394125, Gujarat, India.
| | - Rakshit Pathak
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, PP Savani University, Surat 394125, Gujarat, India
| | - Vinay Deep Punetha
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, PP Savani University, Surat 394125, Gujarat, India
| | - Mayank Punetha
- 2D Materials and LASER Actuation Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Research, PP Savani University, Surat 394125, Gujarat, India
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Sanjarnia P, Nourmohammadi J, Hesaraki S. Nanocomposite chitosan dressing incorporating polydopamine‑copper Janus nanoparticle. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126173. [PMID: 37558027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to introduce a new wound dressing with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties made from chitosan and copper-containing Janus nanoparticles (JNPs). The JNPs were synthesized by attaching copper to PDA nanospheres, which were then embedded in Chitosan at different concentrations. The resulting spherical JNPs had a mean size of 208 ± 96 nm, and EDX mapping showed successful adhesion of Cu2+ ions to PDA nanospheres with a total Cu2+ content of 16.5 wt%. The samples exhibited interconnected porous structures, increasing JNPs concentration resulting in larger pore size and higher porosity. The addition of JNPs to 10 % (Ch-JNP 10) resulted in the highest strength, young modulus, and crystallinity, while a reverse trend was observed at higher JNPs content. JNPs improve the antibacterial activity of chitosan-based dressing, especially against E. coli. All samples were biocompatible and did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects. Ch-JNP10 had higher cellular density, confluency, and collagen secretion than other samples. The in vivo study demonstrated that Ch-JNP10 induced epithelialization and oriented collagen fiber formation while reducing inflammation. Overall, Ch-JNP10 may be a potential wound dressing for chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Sanjarnia
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jhamak Nourmohammadi
- Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Hesaraki
- Biomaterials Group, Nanotechnology, and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Alborz, Iran
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El-Bialy SM, El-Mahrouk ME, Elesawy T, Omara AED, Elbehiry F, El-Ramady H, Áron B, Prokisch J, Brevik EC, Solberg SØ. Biological Nanofertilizers to Enhance Growth Potential of Strawberry Seedlings by Boosting Photosynthetic Pigments, Plant Enzymatic Antioxidants, and Nutritional Status. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:302. [PMID: 36679014 PMCID: PMC9865313 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry production presents special challenges due the plants' shallow roots. The rooting stage of strawberry is a crucial period in the production of this important crop. Several amendments have been applied to support the growth and production of strawberry, particularly fertilizers, to overcome rooting problems. Therefore, the current investigation was carried out to evaluate the application of biological nanofertilizers in promoting strawberry rooting. The treatments included applying two different nanofertilizers produced biologically, nano-selenium (i.e., 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L-1) and nano-copper (i.e., 50 and 100 mg L-1), plus a control (untreated seedlings). The rooting of strawberry seedlings was investigated by measuring the vegetative growth parameters (root weight, seedling weight, seedling length, and number of leaves), plant enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activity), and chlorophyll content and its fluorescence and by evaluating the nutritional status (content of nutrients in the fruit and their uptake). The results showed that the applied nanofertilizers improved the growth, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant content, and nutritional status of the seedlings compared to the control. A high significant increase in nutrient contents reached to more than 14-fold, 6-fold, 5-folf, and 4-fold for Cu, Mn, N, and Se contents, respectively, due to the applied nanofertilizers compared with the control. The result was related to the biological roles of both Se and CuO in activating the many plant enzymes. Comparing the Se with the CuO nanofertilizer, Cu had the strongest effect, which was shown in the higher values in all studied properties. This study showed that nanofertilizers are useful to stimulate strawberry seedling growth and most likely would also be beneficial for other horticultural crops. In general, the applied 100 ppm of biological nano-Se or nano-CuO might achieve the best growth of strawberry seedlings under growth conditions in greenhouses compared to the control. Along with the economic dimension, the ecological dimension of biological nanofertilizers still needs more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said M. El-Bialy
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed E. El-Mahrouk
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Taha Elesawy
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Agriculture Microbiology Department, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Kafr El-Sheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Fathy Elbehiry
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Higher Institute for Agricultural Cooperation, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Hassan El-Ramady
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi Street, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béni Áron
- Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi Street, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Prokisch
- Institute of Animal Science, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi Street, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eric C. Brevik
- College of Agricultural, Life, and Physical Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Svein Ø. Solberg
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2401 Elverum, Norway
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Alturki AM. Facile synthesis route for chitosan nanoparticles doped with various concentrations of the biosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles: Electrical conductivity and antibacterial properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Bokhary KA, Maqsood F, Amina M, Aldarwesh A, Mofty HK, Al-yousef HM. Grapefruit Extract-Mediated Fabrication of Photosensitive Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle and Their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111885. [PMID: 35683744 PMCID: PMC9182307 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) were synthesized using a simple, eco-friendly green synthesis approach in an alkaline medium from the extract of grapefruit peel waste. The pre-synthesized, nano-crystalline Al2O3 NPs were characterized by using spectroscopic (UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, and EDX) and microscopic (SEM and TEM) techniques. The formed Al2O3 NPs exhibited a pronounced absorption peak at 278 nm in the UV-vis spectrum. The average particle size of the as-prepared Al2O3 NPs was evaluated to be 57.34 nm, and the atomic percentages of O and Al were found to be 54.58 and 45.54, respectively. The fabricated Al2O3 NPs were evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. The Al2O3 NPs showed strong antioxidant potential towards all the four tested assays. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory potential of Al2O3 NPs was investigated by measuring the production of nitric oxide and superoxide anion (O2•-), as well as proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α, IL-6) and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κB). The results revealed that Al2O3 NPs inhibited the production of O2•- (99.4%) at 100 μg mL-1 concentrations and intracellular NO•- (55%), proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 (83.3%), and TNF-α (87.9%) at 50 μg mL-1 concentrations, respectively. Additionally, the Al2O3 NPs inhibited 41.8% of nuclear factor kappa B at 20 μg mL-1 concentrations. Overall, the outcomes of current research studies indicated that Al2O3 NPs possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and could be used to treat chronic and acute anti-inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud A. Bokhary
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (F.M.); (A.A.); (H.K.M.)
| | - Farah Maqsood
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (F.M.); (A.A.); (H.K.M.)
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Amal Aldarwesh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (F.M.); (A.A.); (H.K.M.)
| | - Hanan K. Mofty
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (F.M.); (A.A.); (H.K.M.)
| | - Hanan M. Al-yousef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Bhatia N, Kumari A, Thakur N, Sharma G, Singh RR, Sharma R. Phytochemically stabilized chitosan encapsulated Cu and Ag nanocomposites to remove cefuroxime axetil and pathogens from the environment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:451-464. [PMID: 35618089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotics have been a source of concern since they are causing resistance in bacteria that live in water and air. As a result, green technology was used to manufacture silver and copper nanoparticles, which were encapsulated with the biopolymer chitosan derived from the root extract of the Potentilla astrosanguinea plant. XRD, FTIR, TEM, EDX, and UV-Visible spectroscopy were methods used for structural and spectroscopic analysis. These nanomaterials have a roughly spherical 2-30 nm average size and a face-centered cubic (FCC) shape, according to the findings. The photocatalytic drug degradation and antibacterial properties of the produced nanocomposites were outstanding, with some resistance lasting longer than 180 days. The current study discovered that under UV light exposure, silver nanocomposites degrade drugs rapidly within 40 min, with an average rate of over 95%, while copper nanocomposites degrade drugs rapidly within 70 min, with an average rate of 84%. These nanocomposites have demonstrated exceptionally compelling antibacterial action against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal pathogens in addition to photocatalytic activity. The lowest recorded MIC values were 10.30 μg/mL and 10.84 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the lowest MBC values were 91.24 μg/mL and 99.50 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Bhoranj (Tikker - Kharwarian), Hamirpur, MDR 35, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
| | - Asha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Bhoranj (Tikker - Kharwarian), Hamirpur, MDR 35, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
| | - Nitika Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan-Oachghat-Kumarhatti Highway, Bajhol, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan-Oachghat-Kumarhatti Highway, Bajhol, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India
| | - Ragini Raj Singh
- Department of Physics and Material Sciences, Jaypee University of Information Technology (JUIT), Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173234, India
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Bhoranj (Tikker - Kharwarian), Hamirpur, MDR 35, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India.
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Grodetskaya TA, Evlakov PM, Fedorova OA, Mikhin VI, Zakharova OV, Kolesnikov EA, Evtushenko NA, Gusev AA. Influence of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Gene Expression of Birch Clones In Vitro under Stress Caused by Phytopathogens. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050864. [PMID: 35269352 PMCID: PMC8912387 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted attention as promising components for the protection and stimulation of plant microclones in tissue culture in vitro. However, the effect of NPs on the genetic mechanisms underlying plant adaptive responses remains poorly understood. We studied the effect of column-shaped CuO NPs 50 nm in diameter and 70–100 nm in length at a concentration of 0.1–10 mg/L on the development of phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium avenaceum in culture, as well as on the infection of downy birch micro-clones with phytopathogens and the level of genes expression associated with the formation of plant responses to stress induced by microorganisms. CuO NPs effectively suppressed the development of colonies of phytopathogenic fungi A. alternata and F. avenaceum (up to 68.42% inhibition at 10 mg/L CuO NPs) but not the development of a colony of F. oxysporum. Exposure to the NPs caused multidirectional responses at the level of plant genes transcription: 5 mg/L CuO NPs significantly increased the expression level of the LEA8 and MYB46 genes and decreased the expression of DREB2 and PAL. Infection with A. alternata significantly increased the level of MYB46, LEA8, PAL, PR-1, and PR-10 transcripts in birch micro-clones; however, upon exposure to a medium with NPs and simultaneous exposure to a phytopathogen, the expression of the MYB46, PR-1, and PR-10 genes decreased by 5.4 times, which is associated with a decrease in the pathogenic load caused by the effect of NPs and the simultaneous stimulation of clones in vitro. The results obtained can be used in the development of preparations based on copper oxide NPs for disinfection and stimulation of plant phytoimmunity during clonal micropropagation of tree crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Grodetskaya
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Peter M. Evlakov
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9204366589
| | - Olga A. Fedorova
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Vyacheslav I. Mikhin
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Olga V. Zakharova
- Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Kolesnikov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda A. Evtushenko
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Alexander A. Gusev
- Research Institute of Innovative Technologies of the Forestry Complex, Laboratory of PCR Analysis, Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies Named after G. F. Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia; (T.A.G.); (O.A.F.); (V.I.M.); (N.A.E.); (A.A.G.)
- Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 392020 Tambov, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Rajkuberan C, Rajiv P, Mostafa M, Abd-Elsalam KA. Multifunctional copper-based nanocomposites in agroecosystem applications. COPPER NANOSTRUCTURES: NEXT-GENERATION OF AGROCHEMICALS FOR SUSTAINABLE AGROECOSYSTEMS 2022:595-613. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823833-2.00017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082068. [PMID: 34443899 PMCID: PMC8398611 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intensive conventional agriculture and climate change have induced severe ecological damages and threatened global food security, claiming a reorientation of agricultural management and public policies towards a more sustainable development model. In this context, nanomaterials promise to support this transition by promoting mitigation, enhancing productivity, and reducing contamination. This review gathers recent research innovations on smart nanoformulations and delivery systems improving crop protection and plant nutrition, nanoremediation strategies for contaminated soils, nanosensors for plant health and food quality and safety monitoring, and nanomaterials as smart food-packaging. It also highlights the impact of engineered nanomaterials on soil microbial communities, and potential environmental risks, along with future research directions. Although large-scale production and in-field testing of nano-agrochemicals are still ongoing, the collected information indicates improvements in uptake, use efficiency, targeted delivery of the active ingredients, and reduction of leaching and pollution. Nanoremediation seems to have a low negative impact on microbial communities while promoting biodiversity. Nanosensors enable high-resolution crop monitoring and sustainable management of the resources, while nano-packaging confers catalytic, antimicrobial, and barrier properties, preserving food safety and preventing food waste. Though, the application of nanomaterials to the agri-food sector requires a specific risk assessment supporting proper regulations and public acceptance.
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