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Lou J, Zhang J, Deng Q, Chen X. Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate neuro-immunothrombosis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1734-1740. [PMID: 38103239 PMCID: PMC10960287 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps are primarily composed of DNA and histones and are released by neutrophils to promote inflammation and thrombosis when stimulated by various inflammatory reactions. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation occurs through lytic and non-lytic pathways that can be further classified by formation mechanisms. Histones, von Willebrand factor, fibrin, and many other factors participate in the interplay between inflammation and thrombosis. Neuro-immunothrombosis summarizes the intricate interplay between inflammation and thrombosis during neural development and the pathogenesis of neurological diseases, providing cutting-edge insights into post-neurotrauma thrombotic events. The blood-brain barrier defends the brain and spinal cord against external assaults, and neutrophil extracellular trap involvement in blood-brain barrier disruption and immunothrombosis contributes substantially to secondary injuries in neurological diseases. Further research is needed to understand how neutrophil extracellular traps promote blood-brain barrier disruption and immunothrombosis, but recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophil extracellular traps play a crucial role in immunothrombosis, and identified modulators of neuro-immunothrombosis. However, these neurological diseases occur in blood vessels, and the mechanisms are unclear by which neutrophil extracellular traps penetrate the blood-brain barrier to participate in immunothrombosis in traumatic brain injury. This review discusses the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in neuro-immunothrombosis and explores potential therapeutic interventions to modulate neutrophil extracellular traps that may reduce immunothrombosis and improve traumatic brain injury outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Quanjun Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Trauma Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Zeng H, Lou F, Tan X, Zhang X, Chen G. SLC45A3 Serves as a Potential Therapeutic Biomarker to Attenuate White Matter Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:556-571. [PMID: 36913120 PMCID: PMC11106206 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe cerebrovascular disease, which impairs patients' white matter even after timely clinical interventions. Indicated by studies in the past decade, ICH-induced white matter injury (WMI) is closely related to neurological deficits; however, its underlying mechanism and pertinent treatment are yet insufficient. We gathered two datasets (GSE24265 and GSE125512), and by taking an intersection among interesting genes identified by weighted gene co-expression networks analysis, we determined target genes after differentially expressing genes in two datasets. Additional single-cell RNA-seq analysis (GSE167593) helped locate the gene in cell types. Furthermore, we established ICH mice models induced by autologous blood or collagenase. Basic medical experiments and diffusion tensor imaging were applied to verify the function of target genes in WMI after ICH. Through intersection and enrichment analysis, gene SLC45A3 was identified as the target one, which plays a key role in the regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation involving in fatty acid metabolic process, etc. after ICH, and single-cell RNA-seq analysis also shows that it mainly locates in oligodendrocytes. Further experiments verified overexpression of SLC45A3 ameliorated brain injury after ICH. Therefore, SLC45A3 might serve as a candidate therapeutic biomarker for ICH-induced WMI, and overexpression of it may be a potential approach for injury attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Feiyang Lou
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- The Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310020, China.
- College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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3
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Lauzier DC, Athiraman U. Role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:841-856. [PMID: 38415607 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241237070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a devastating sequela of aneurysm rupture. Because it disproportionately affects younger patients, the population impact of hemorrhagic stroke from subarachnoid hemorrhage is substantial. Secondary brain injury is a significant contributor to morbidity after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Initial hemorrhage causes intracranial pressure elevations, disrupted cerebral perfusion pressure, global ischemia, and systemic dysfunction. These initial events are followed by two characterized timespans of secondary brain injury: the early brain injury period and the delayed cerebral ischemia period. The identification of varying microglial phenotypes across phases of secondary brain injury paired with the functions of microglia during each phase provides a basis for microglia serving a critical role in both promoting and attenuating subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced morbidity. The duality of microglial effects on outcomes following SAH is highlighted by the pleiotropic features of these cells. Here, we provide an overview of the key role of microglia in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced secondary brain injury as both cytotoxic and restorative effectors. We first describe the ontogeny of microglial populations that respond to subarachnoid hemorrhage. We then correlate the phenotypic development of secondary brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage to microglial functions, synthesizing experimental data in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Lauzier
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Umeshkumar Athiraman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Shen D, Tuerhong K, Huang Q, Liu K, Li Y, Yang S. Computational analysis of curcumin-mediated alleviation of inflammation in periodontitis patients with experimental validation in mice. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:787-799. [PMID: 38348739 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM Using network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of curcumin (Cur) in periodontitis treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was utilized to predict target gene interactions of Cur-Periodontitis. Molecular docking was used to investigate the binding affinity of Cur for the predicted targets. A mouse model with ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) was used to verify the therapeutic effect of Cur. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was used to evaluate alveolar bone resorption, while western blotting, haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to analyse the change in immunopathology. SYTOX Green staining was used to assess the in vitro effect of Cur in a mouse bone marrow-isolated neutrophil model exposed to lipopolysaccharide. RESULTS Network pharmacology identified 114 potential target genes. Enrichment analysis showed that Cur can modulate the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Molecular docking experiments suggested that Cur effectively binds to neutrophil elastase (ELANE), peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) and cathepsin G, three enzymes involved in NETs. In LIP mice, Cur alleviated alveolar bone resorption and reduced the expression of ELANE and PAD4 in a time-dependent but dose-independent manner. Cur can directly inhibit NET formation in the cell model. CONCLUSIONS Our research suggested that Cur may alleviate experimental periodontitis by inhibiting NET formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Kamoran Tuerhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
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Yin N, Wang W, Pei F, Zhao Y, Liu C, Guo M, Zhang K, Zhang Z, Shi J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Liu J. A Neutrophil Hijacking Nanoplatform Reprograming NETosis for Targeted Microglia Polarizing Mediated Ischemic Stroke Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305877. [PMID: 38444306 PMCID: PMC11077645 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Precise and efficient regulation of microglia is vital for ischemic stroke therapy and prognosis. The infiltration of neutrophils into the brain provides opportunities for regulatory drugs across the blood-brain barrier, while hindered by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and targeted delivery of intracerebral drugs to microglia. This study reports an efficient neutrophil hijacking nanoplatform (referred to as APTS) for targeted A151 (a telomerase repeat sequence) delivery to microglia without the generation of NETs. In the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model, the delivery efficiency to ischemic stroke tissues increases by fourfold. APTS dramatically reduces the formation of NETs by 2.2-fold via reprogramming NETosis to apoptosis in neutrophils via a reactive oxygen species scavenging-mediated citrullinated histone 3 inhibition pathway. Noteworthy, A151 within neutrophils is repackaged into apoptotic bodies following the death pattern reprogramming, which, when engulfed by microglia, polarizes microglia to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. After four times treatment, the cerebral infarction area in the APTS group decreases by 5.1-fold. Thus, APTS provides a feasible, efficient, and practical drug delivery approach for reshaping the immune microenvironment and treating brain disorders in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Wenya Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Fei Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Yuzhen Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Changhua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Mingming Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Jinjin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Zhi‐Hao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Junjie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical DiseasesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety EvaluationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
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Dreier JP, Joerk A, Uchikawa H, Horst V, Lemale CL, Radbruch H, McBride DW, Vajkoczy P, Schneider UC, Xu R. All Three Supersystems-Nervous, Vascular, and Immune-Contribute to the Cortical Infarcts After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01242-z. [PMID: 38689162 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The recently published DISCHARGE-1 trial supports the observations of earlier autopsy and neuroimaging studies that almost 70% of all focal brain damage after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage are anemic infarcts of the cortex, often also affecting the white matter immediately below. The infarcts are not limited by the usual vascular territories. About two-fifths of the ischemic damage occurs within ~ 48 h; the remaining three-fifths are delayed (within ~ 3 weeks). Using neuromonitoring technology in combination with longitudinal neuroimaging, the entire sequence of both early and delayed cortical infarct development after subarachnoid hemorrhage has recently been recorded in patients. Characteristically, cortical infarcts are caused by acute severe vasospastic events, so-called spreading ischemia, triggered by spontaneously occurring spreading depolarization. In locations where a spreading depolarization passes through, cerebral blood flow can drastically drop within a few seconds and remain suppressed for minutes or even hours, often followed by high-amplitude, sustained hyperemia. In spreading depolarization, neurons lead the event, and the other cells of the neurovascular unit (endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes) follow. However, dysregulation in cells of all three supersystems-nervous, vascular, and immune-is very likely involved in the dysfunction of the neurovascular unit underlying spreading ischemia. It is assumed that subarachnoid blood, which lies directly on the cortex and enters the parenchyma via glymphatic channels, triggers these dysregulations. This review discusses the neuroglial, neurovascular, and neuroimmunological dysregulations in the context of spreading depolarization and spreading ischemia as critical elements in the pathogenesis of cortical infarcts after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens P Dreier
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander Joerk
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Hiroki Uchikawa
- Barrow Aneurysm & AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Viktor Horst
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Coline L Lemale
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Devin W McBride
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf C Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital of Lucerne and University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
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Nowaczewska-Kuchta A, Ksiazek-Winiarek D, Szpakowski P, Glabinski A. The Role of Neutrophils in Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic Stroke. Brain Sci 2024; 14:423. [PMID: 38790402 PMCID: PMC11118671 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in numerous central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Its role is ambiguous-it can induce detrimental effects, as well as repair and recovery. In response to injury or infection, resident CNS cells secrete numerous factors that alter blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and recruit immune cells into the brain, like neutrophils. Their role in the pathophysiology of CNS diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke, is highly recognized. Neutrophils alter BBB permeability and attract other immune cells into the CNS. Previously, neutrophils were considered a homogenous population. Nowadays, it is known that various subtypes of these cells exist, which reveal proinflammatory or immunosuppressive functions. The primary goal of this review was to discuss the current knowledge regarding the important role of neutrophils in MS and stroke development and progression. As the pathogenesis of these two disorders is completely different, it gives the opportunity to get insight into diverse mechanisms of neutrophil involvement in brain pathology. Our understanding of the role of neutrophils in CNS diseases is still evolving as new aspects of their activity are being unraveled. Neutrophil plasticity adds another level to their functional complexity and their importance for CNS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrzej Glabinski
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland; (A.N.-K.); (D.K.-W.); (P.S.)
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Hendrix P, Witsch J, Spalart V, Schneider H, Oertel J, Geisel J, Martinod K, Hemmer S. Neutrophil extracellular trap biomarkers in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: early decline of DNase 1 activity associated with delayed cerebral ischemia. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1354224. [PMID: 38708000 PMCID: PMC11066163 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1354224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a critical mediator of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis). Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complexes, a biomarker of NETs, and HMGB1 have been associated with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Additional mechanistic NET-related biomarkers and their role in the neuroinflammatory cascade surrounding DCI remain to be explored. Methods A post-hoc analysis of a prospective, blinded, single-center biomarker observational study was performed. De novo measurements of serum citrullinated histone H3-DNA complexes (H3Cit-DNA), peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), cell-free DNA (cf-DNA), and DNase 1 activity were conducted on admission (D0) and day 4 (D4). Delayed cerebral infarction (DCI) was defined as new cerebral infarction on CT head not present on the post-treatment scan. Results H3Cit-DNA, PAD4, cf-DNA, and DNase 1 activity were within quantifiable ranges in all serum samples analyzed at D0 and D4. Admission biomarker levels were not associated with DCI development. From D0 to D4, in both the DCI and the non-DCI groups, H3Cit-DNA levels significantly decreased, cf-DNA levels significantly increased, and PAD4 levels remained stable. In contrast, DNase 1 activity significantly decreased from D0 to D4 in the DCI group (p < 0.001) but not in the non-DCI group. Conclusion This exploratory analysis demonstrated NET-related biomarkers such as H3Cit-DNA, PAD4, cf-DNA, and DNase 1 activity in all aSAH patients. A decline of systemic DNase 1 activity in the early phase might increase the risk of delayed cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hendrix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, United States
| | - Jens Witsch
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Valérie Spalart
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hauke Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Geisel
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kimberly Martinod
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sina Hemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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9
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Duan M, Xu Y, Li Y, Feng H, Chen Y. Targeting brain-peripheral immune responses for secondary brain injury after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:102. [PMID: 38637850 PMCID: PMC11025216 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The notion that the central nervous system is an immunologically immune-exempt organ has changed over the past two decades, with increasing evidence of strong links and interactions between the central nervous system and the peripheral immune system, both in the healthy state and after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Although primary injury after stroke is certainly important, the limited therapeutic efficacy, poor neurological prognosis and high mortality have led researchers to realize that secondary injury and damage may also play important roles in influencing long-term neurological prognosis and mortality and that the neuroinflammatory process in secondary injury is one of the most important influences on disease progression. Here, we summarize the interactions of the central nervous system with the peripheral immune system after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, in particular, how the central nervous system activates and recruits peripheral immune components, and we review recent advances in corresponding therapeutic approaches and clinical studies, emphasizing the importance of the role of the peripheral immune system in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxu Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuanshu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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10
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Li B, Xu L, Wang Z, Shi Q, Cui Y, Fan W, Wu Q, Tong X, Yan H. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Regulate Surgical Brain Injury by Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:36. [PMID: 38637346 PMCID: PMC11026279 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Surgical brain injury (SBI), induced by neurosurgical procedures or instruments, has not attracted adequate attention. The pathophysiological process of SBI remains sparse compared to that of other central nervous system diseases thus far. Therefore, novel and effective therapies for SBI are urgently needed. In this study, we found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were present in the circulation and brain tissues of rats after SBI, which promoted neuroinflammation, cerebral edema, neuronal cell death, and aggravated neurological dysfunction. Inhibition of NETs formation by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor or disruption of NETs with deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) attenuated SBI-induced damages and improved the recovery of neurological function. We show that SBI triggered the activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING), and that inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway could be beneficial. It is worth noting that DNase I markedly suppressed the activation of cGAS-STING, which was reversed by the cGAS product cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGMP-AMP, cGAMP). Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of DNase I in SBI was also abolished by cGAMP. NETs may participate in the pathophysiological regulation of SBI by acting through the cGAS-STING pathway. We also found that high-dose vitamin C administration could effectively inhibit the formation of NETs post-SBI. Thus, targeting NETs may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for SBI treatment, and high-dose vitamin C intervention may be a promising translational therapy with an excellent safety profile and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Li
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhengang Wang
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yang Cui
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Weijia Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qiaoli Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiaoguang Tong
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Hua Yan
- Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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11
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Wu Y, Xu Y, Sun J, Dai K, Wang Z, Zhang J. Inhibiting RIPK1-driven neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis mitigates brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114705. [PMID: 38290652 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
RIPK1, a receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis by integrating inflammatory responses and cell death signaling pathways including apoptosis and necroptosis, which have been implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Suppression of RIPK1 activation is a promising strategy for restraining the pathological progression of many human diseases. Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are two pivotal factors in the pathogenesis of brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this study, we established in vivo and in vitro models of SAH to investigate the activation of RIPK1 kinase in both microglia and neurons. We observed the correlation between RIPK1 kinase activity and microglia-mediated inflammation as well as neuronal apoptosis. We then investigated whether inhibition of RIPK1 could alleviate neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis following SAH, thereby reducing brain edema and ameliorating neurobehavioral deficits. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms were also explored. Our research findings revealed the activation of RIPK1 kinase in both microglia and neurons following SAH, as marked by the phosphorylation of RIPK1 at serine 166. The upregulation of p-RIPK1(S166) resulted in a significant augmentation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, CCL2, and CCL5, as well as neuronal apoptosis. The activation of RIPK1 in microglia and neurons following SAH could be effectively suppressed by administration of Nec-1 s, a specific inhibitor of RIPK1. Consequently, inhibition of RIPK1 resulted in a downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and attenuation of neuronal apoptosis after SAH in vitro. Furthermore, the administration of Nec-1 s effectively mitigated neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, brain edema, and neurobehavioral deficits in mice following SAH. Our findings suggest that inhibiting RIPK1 kinase represents a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating brain injury after SAH by attenuating RIPK1-driven neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingshan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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12
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Zeineddine HA, Hong SH, Peesh P, Dienel A, Torres K, Pandit PT, Matsumura K, Huang S, Li W, Chauhan A, Hagan J, Marrelli SP, McCullough LD, Blackburn SL, Aronowski J, McBride DW. Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Cause Vascular Occlusion and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:635-652. [PMID: 38299355 PMCID: PMC10923061 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), neutrophils are deleterious and contribute to poor outcomes. Neutrophils can produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) after ischemic stroke. Our hypothesis was that, after SAH, neutrophils contribute to delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and worse outcomes via cerebrovascular occlusion by NETs. METHODS SAH was induced via endovascular perforation, and SAH mice were given either a neutrophil-depleting antibody, a PAD4 (peptidylarginine deiminase 4) inhibitor (to prevent NETosis), DNAse-I (to degrade NETs), or a vehicle control. Mice underwent daily neurological assessment until day 7 and then euthanized for quantification of intravascular brain NETs (iNETs). Subsets of mice were used to quantify neutrophil infiltration, NETosis potential, iNETs, cerebral perfusion, and infarction. In addition, NET markers were assessed in the blood of aneurysmal SAH patients. RESULTS In mice, SAH led to brain neutrophil infiltration within 24 hours, induced a pro-NETosis phenotype selectively in skull neutrophils, and caused a significant increase in iNETs by day 1, which persisted until at least day 7. Neutrophil depletion significantly reduced iNETs, improving cerebral perfusion, leading to less neurological deficits and less incidence of DCI (16% versus 51.9%). Similarly, PAD4 inhibition reduced iNETs, improved neurological outcome, and reduced incidence of DCI (5% versus 30%), whereas degrading NETs marginally improved outcomes. Patients with aneurysmal SAH who developed DCI had elevated markers of NETs compared with non-DCI patients. CONCLUSIONS After SAH, skull-derived neutrophils are primed for NETosis, and there are persistent brain iNETs, which correlated with delayed deficits. The findings from this study suggest that, after SAH, neutrophils and NETosis are therapeutic targets, which can prevent vascular occlusion by NETs in the brain, thereby lessening the risk of DCI. Finally, NET markers may be biomarkers, which can predict which patients with aneurysmal SAH are at risk for developing DCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A. Zeineddine
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sung-Ha Hong
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pedram Peesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ari Dienel
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kiara Torres
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peeyush Thankamani Pandit
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kanako Matsumura
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shuning Huang
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Hagan
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sean P. Marrelli
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Spiros L. Blackburn
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Aronowski
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Devin W. McBride
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Zhu Y, Li X, Wen D, Huang Z, Yan J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Guo Z. Remote Ischemic Post-conditioning Reduces Cognitive Impairment in Rats Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Possible Involvement in STAT3/STAT5 Phosphorylation and Th17/Treg Cell Homeostasis. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01235-y. [PMID: 38356020 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The inflammatory response following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may lead to Early Brain Injury and subsequently contribute to poor prognosis such as cognitive impairment in patients. Currently, there is a lack of effective strategies for SAH to ameliorate inflammation and improve cognitive impairment in clinical. This study aims to examine the inhibitory impact of remote ischemic post-conditioning (RIPostC) on the body's inflammatory response by regulating Th17/Treg cell homeostasis after SAH. The ultimate goal is to search for potential early treatment targets for SAH. The rat SAH models were made by intravascular puncture of the internal carotid artery. The intervention of RIPostC was administered for three consecutive days immediately after successful modeling. Behavioral experiments including the Morris water maze and Y-maze tests were conducted to assess cognitive functions such as spatial memory, working memory, and learning abilities 2 weeks after successful modeling. The ratio of Th17 cells and Treg cells in the blood was detected using flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the infiltration of neutrophils into the brain. Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation levels, receptor-related orphan receptor gamma-t (RORγt), and forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) levels were detected by Western blot. The levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-2, IL-10, IL-5, etc.) and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-14, etc.) in blood were detected using Luminex Liquid Suspension Chip Assay. RIPostC significantly improved the cognitive impairment caused by SAH in rats. The results showed that infiltration of Th17 cells and neutrophils into brain tissue increased after SAH, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, and TNF-α). This response can be inhibited by RIPostC. Additionally, RIPostC facilitates the transfer of Treg from blood to the brain and triggers the release of anti-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-10, and IL-5) factors to suppress the inflammation following SAH. Finally, it was found that RIPostC increased the phosphorylation of STAT5 while decreasing the phosphorylation of STAT3. RIPostC reduces inflammation after SAH by partially balancing Th17/Treg cell homeostasis, which may be related to downregulation of STAT3 and upregulation of STAT5 phosphorylation, which ultimately alleviates cognitive impairment in rats. Targeting Th17/Treg cell homeostasis may be a promising strategy for early SAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoguo Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - DaoChen Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zichao Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhaosi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yingwen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zongduo Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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14
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Kawabata S, Takagaki M, Nakamura H, Nishida T, Terada E, Kadono Y, Izutsu N, Takenaka T, Matsui Y, Yamada S, Fukuda T, Nakagawa R, Kishima H. Association of Gut Microbiome with Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: an Experimental Study. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:87-100. [PMID: 36484924 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is crucial in the prognosis of SAH; however, no effective treatment for EBI has been developed. Gut microbiome (GM) composition influences the outcome of various diseases, including ischemic stroke. Here, we evaluated whether prior GM alteration could prevent EBI following SAH. We altered the GM of 7-week-old male rats by administering antibiotic-containing water for 2 weeks and performing fecal microbiome transplantation after antibiotic induction. Composition of the GM was profiled using 16S rRNA. We induced SAH by injecting blood in the subarachnoid space of control rats and rats with altered GM. We evaluated EBI indicators such as neurological score, brain water content, Evans blue extravasation, and neuronal injury. Additionally, we studied inflammatory cells using immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, quantitative PCR, and flow cytometry. EBI was significantly averted by alterations in GM using antibiotics. The altered GM significantly prevented neutrophil infiltration into the brain among inflammatory cells, and this anti-inflammatory effect was observed immediately following SAH onset. The altered GM also prevented neutrophil extracellular trap formation in the brain and blood, indicating the systemic protective effect. The cause of the protective effect was attributed to a significant decrease in aged neutrophils (CXCR4high CD62Llow) by the altered GM. These protective effects against EBI disappeared when the altered GM was recolonized with normal flora. Our findings demonstrated that EBI following SAH is associated with GM, which regulated neutrophil infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kawabata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hajime Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeo Nishida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eisaku Terada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kadono
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Izutsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Takenaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichi Matsui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsumaru Fukuda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kishima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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15
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Mu S, Li Z, Lin L, Wang D, Yang F, Chen L, Xian L, Lin K, Lin Y, Ye D, Yang Y, Wei L, Xu Y, Wang S. SIRT1-Mediated HMGB1 Deacetylation Suppresses Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Related to Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment After Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03959-2. [PMID: 38267754 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a neurovascular disease with recently increasing incidence. Aseptic inflammatory responses play an important role in the pathology of CVT. Recent studies report that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are major triggers of thrombosis and inflammation in stroke, but their effect on brain injury in CVT requires further validation. In this study, two CVT animal models were used to simulate superior sagittal sinus thrombosis and cortical vein thrombosis. The effects of brain tissue infiltration of NETs and the molecular mechanisms associated with NET formation were deeply explored in combination with proteomics, histology, and serology. The results showed that the cortical vein thrombosis model could be combined with more severe blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and showed more severe cerebral hemorrhage. Decreased Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression promotes high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) acetylation, causing increased cytosolic translocation and extracellular release, and HMGB1 can promote NET formation and recruitment. In addition, corticocerebral accumulation of NETs contributes to BBB damage. This establishes a vicious cycle between BBB damage and NET accumulation. SIRT1 mediated-HMGB1 deacetylation may play a critical role in attenuating BBB damage following CVT. This study employed a combined validation using models of venous sinus thrombosis and cortical vein thrombosis to investigate the deacetylation role of SIRT1, aiming to offer new insights into the pathological mechanisms of brain injury following CVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Mu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Ziqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Dongfang Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Long Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 900th Hospital, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Liang Xian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Kunzhe Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yinghong Lin
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Liangfeng Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900th Hospital, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Yongjun Xu
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900th Hospital, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
| | - Shousen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, 900th Hospital, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
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16
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Gu L, Ye L, Chen Y, Deng C, Zhang X, Chang J, Feng M, Wei J, Bao X, Wang R. Integrating network pharmacology and transcriptomic omics reveals that akebia saponin D attenuates neutrophil extracellular traps-induced neuroinflammation via NTSR1/PKAc/PAD4 pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23394. [PMID: 38149910 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301815r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils and their production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) significantly contribute to neuroinflammation and brain damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Although Akebia saponin D (ASD) demonstrates strong anti-inflammatory activities and blood-brain barrier permeability, its role in regulating NETs formation and neuroinflammation following ICH is uncharted. Our research focused on unraveling the influence of ASD on neuroinflammation mediated by NETs and the mechanisms involved. We found that increased levels of peripheral blood neutrophils post-ICH are correlated with worse prognostic outcomes. Through network pharmacology, we identified ASD as a promising therapeutic target for ICH. ASD administration significantly improved neurobehavioral performance and decreased NETs production in neutrophils. Furthermore, ASD was shown to upregulate the membrane protein NTSR1 and activate the cAMP signaling pathway, confirmed through transcriptome sequencing, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Interestingly, the NTSR1 inhibitor SR48692 significantly nullified ASD's anti-NETs effects and dampened cAMP pathway activation. Mechanistically, suppression of PKAc via H89 negated ASD's anti-NETs effects but did not affect NTSR1. Our study suggests that ASD may reduce NETs formation and neuroinflammation, potentially involving the NTSR1/PKAc/PAD4 pathway post-ICH, underlining the potential of ASD in mitigating neuroinflammation through its anti-NETs properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingui Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liguo Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yihao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) School of Medicine, People's Republic of China, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Liu J, Zhang S, Jing Y, Zou W. Neutrophil extracellular traps in intracerebral hemorrhage: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2505-2520. [PMID: 37486436 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a common neurological disease, and its pathological mechanism is complex. As the first recruited leukocyte subtype after intracerebral hemorrhage, neutrophils play an important role in tissue damage. In the past, it was considered that neutrophils performed their functions through phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and degranulation. In recent years, studies have found that neutrophils also have the function of secreting extracellular traps. Extracellular traps are fibrous structure composed of chromatin and granular proteins, which plays an important role in innate immunity. Studies have shown a large number of neutrophil extracellular traps in hematoma samples, plasma samples, and drainage samples after intracerebral hemorrhage. In this paper, we summarized the related mechanisms of neutrophil external traps and injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neutrophil extracellular traps are involved in the process of brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. The application of related inhibitors to inhibit the formation of neutrophil external traps or promote their dissolution can effectively alleviate the pathological damage caused by intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunnan Jing
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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18
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Chen H, Xu C, Zeng H, Zhang Z, Wang N, Guo Y, Zheng Y, Xia S, Zhou H, Yu X, Fu X, Tang T, Wu X, Chen Z, Peng Y, Cai J, Li J, Yan F, Gu C, Chen G, Chen J. Ly6C-high monocytes alleviate brain injury in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:270. [PMID: 37978532 PMCID: PMC10657171 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02939-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an uncommon type of potentially fatal stroke. The pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury remain unclear, which hinders the development of drugs for SAH. We aimed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of SAH and to elucidate the cellular and molecular biological response to SAH-induced injury. METHODS A cross-species (human and mouse) multiomics approach combining high-throughput data and bioinformatic analysis was used to explore the key pathophysiological processes and cells involved in SAH-induced brain injury. Patient data were collected from the hospital (n = 712). SAH was established in adult male mice via endovascular perforation, and flow cytometry, a bone marrow chimera model, qPCR, and microglial depletion experiments were conducted to explore the origin and chemotaxis mechanism of the immune cells. To investigate cell effects on SAH prognosis, murine neurological function was evaluated based on a modified Garcia score, pole test, and rotarod test. RESULTS The bioinformatics analysis confirmed that inflammatory and immune responses were the key pathophysiological processes after SAH. Significant increases in the monocyte levels were observed in both the mouse brains and the peripheral blood of patients after SAH. Ly6C-high monocytes originated in the bone marrow, and the skull bone marrow contribute a higher proportion of these monocytes than neutrophils. The mRNA level of Ccl2 was significantly upregulated after SAH and was greater in CD11b-positive than CD11b-negative cells. Microglial depletion, microglial inhibition, and CCL2 blockade reduced the numbers of Ly6C-high monocytes after SAH. With CCR2 antagonization, the neurological function of the mice exhibited a slow recovery. Three days post-SAH, the monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) population had a higher proportion of TNF-α-positive cells and a lower proportion of IL-10-positive cells than the macrophage population. The ratio of moDCs to macrophages was higher on day 3 than on day 5 post-SAH. CONCLUSIONS Inflammatory and immune responses are significantly involved in SAH-induced brain injury. Ly6C-high monocytes derived from the bone marrow, including the skull bone marrow, infiltrated into mouse brains via CCL2 secreted from microglia. Moreover, Ly6C-high monocytes alleviated neurological dysfunction after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaijun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghe Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siqi Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiongjie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianchi Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jingyin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, China.
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Geng H, An Q, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Wang L, Wang Y. Role of Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 in Central Nervous System Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6748-6756. [PMID: 37480499 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The deimination or citrullination of arginine residues in the polypeptide chain by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 alters the charge state of the polypeptide chain and affects the function of proteins. It is one of the main ways of protein post-translational modifications to regulate its function. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 is widely expressed in multiple tissues and organs of the body, especially the central nervous system, and regulates the normal development of organisms. The abnormal expression and activation of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 is an important pathological mechanism for the occurrence and development of central nervous system diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Geng
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihang An
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshuo Zhang
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhang Huang
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanming Wang
- School of Life Science, Henan University, Henan Province, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Hao X, Zeng Z, Liang L, Feng Z, Li W, Xiong B, Guo P, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Feng H, Chen Z. The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Early Microthrombosis and Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:752-765. [PMID: 35962915 PMCID: PMC9375080 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microthrombosis plays an important role in secondary brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but the specific mechanism of microthrombosis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in microthrombosis after SAH. SAH was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using an endovascular perforation technique. The marker protein of NETs, citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), was significantly elevated in the cerebral cortex after SAH, and was co-labeled with microthrombi. Both depletion of neutrophils by anti-Ly6G antibody and DNase I treatment significantly reduced the formation of NETs and microthrombi, and ameliorated neurological deficits, brain edema, BBB disruption, and neuronal injury at 24 h after SAH induction. Cerebral hypoperfusion in the first hours after SAH is a major determinant of poor neurological outcome; in this study, we found that DNase I treatment significantly improved the restoration of early cortical perfusion after SAH. In addition, DNase I treatment also significantly attenuated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow after SAH, which was associated with the diffusion barrier caused by microthrombi in the paravascular space after SAH. In conclusion, NETs are associated with early microthrombosis after SAH; they may be a novel therapeutic target for early brain injury (EBI) after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Zongwei Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhou Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wu Li
- Department of Geriatrics and Special Service Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Binyuan Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University (Third Military Medical University), No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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21
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Qi F, Zuo Z, Hu K, Wang R, Wu T, Liu H, Tang J, Wang Q, Xie Y, Tan L, Yang Y, Zhang X, Zheng J, Xu J, Yao Z, Wang S, Wu LJ, Guo K. VEGF-A in serum protects against memory impairment in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by blocking neutrophil infiltration. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4374-4389. [PMID: 37280283 PMCID: PMC10827659 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Activation of innate immunity in the brain is a prominent feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study investigated the regulation of innate immunity by wild-type serum injection in a transgenic AD mouse model. We found that treatment with wild-type mouse serum significantly reduced the number of neutrophils and microglial reactivity in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. Mimicking this effect, neutrophil depletion via Ly6G neutralizing antibodies resulted in improvements in AD brain functions. Serum proteomic analysis identified vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) as factors enriched in serum samples, which are crucial for neutrophil migration and chemotaxis, leukocyte migration, and cell chemotaxis. Exogenous VEGF-A reversed amyloid β (Aβ)-induced decreases in cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and increases in CXCL1 in vitro and blocked neutrophil infiltration into the AD brain. Endothelial Cdk5 overexpression conferred an inhibitory effect on CXCL1 and neutrophil infiltration, thereby restoring memory abilities in APP/PS1 mice. Our findings uncover a previously unknown link between blood-derived VEGF signaling and neutrophil infiltration and support targeting endothelial Cdk5 signaling as a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Editorial Department of Journal of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Zejie Zuo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Kaishun Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiaoling Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingbo Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Five-year Programs of Clinical Medicine in the 2017 grade, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 528406, China
| | - Liren Tan
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yunjie Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhibin Yao
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shengwen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Kaihua Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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22
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Liaptsi E, Merkouris E, Polatidou E, Tsiptsios D, Gkantzios A, Kokkotis C, Petridis F, Christidi F, Karatzetzou S, Karaoglanis C, Tsagkalidi AM, Chouliaras N, Tsamakis K, Protopapa M, Pantazis-Pergaminelis D, Skendros P, Aggelousis N, Vadikolias K. Targeting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps for Stroke Prognosis: A Promising Path. Neurol Int 2023; 15:1212-1226. [PMID: 37873833 PMCID: PMC10594510 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15040076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke has become the first cause of functional disability and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to develop accurate biomarkers to assess stroke risk and prognosis. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) levels may serve as a valuable biomarker to predict stroke occurrence and functional outcome. NETs are known to create a procoagulant state by serving as a scaffold for tissue factor (TF) and platelets inducing thrombosis by activating coagulation pathways and endothelium. A literature search was conducted in two databases (MEDLINE and Scopus) to trace all relevant studies published between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2022, addressing the potential utility of NETs as a stroke biomarker. Only full-text articles in English were included. The current review includes thirty-three papers. Elevated NET levels in plasma and thrombi seem to be associated with increased mortality and worse functional outcomes in stroke, with all acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage included. Additionally, higher NET levels seem to correlate with worse outcomes after recanalization therapies and are more frequently found in strokes of cardioembolic or cryptogenic origin. Additionally, total neutrophil count in plasma seems also to correlate with stroke severity. Overall, NETs may be a promising predictive tool to assess stroke severity, functional outcome, and response to recanalization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Liaptsi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Ermis Merkouris
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Efthymia Polatidou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Aimilios Gkantzios
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Kokkotis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.P.); (D.P.-P.); (N.A.)
| | - Foivos Petridis
- Third Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Foteini Christidi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Stella Karatzetzou
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Christos Karaoglanis
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Anna-Maria Tsagkalidi
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Nikolaos Chouliaras
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK;
| | - Maria Protopapa
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.P.); (D.P.-P.); (N.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Pantazis-Pergaminelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.P.); (D.P.-P.); (N.A.)
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Aggelousis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece; (C.K.); (M.P.); (D.P.-P.); (N.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Neurology Department, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.L.); (E.M.); (E.P.); (A.G.); (F.C.); (S.K.); (C.K.); (A.-M.T.); (N.C.); (K.V.)
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23
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Kunze R, Fischer S, Marti HH, Preissner KT. Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:64. [PMID: 37550658 PMCID: PMC10405513 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, as well as the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease are accompanied or even powered by danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), defined as endogenous molecules released from stressed or damaged tissue. Besides protein-related DAMPs or "alarmins", numerous nucleic acid DAMPs exist in body fluids, such as cell-free nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as different species of extracellular RNA, collectively termed as self-extracellular nucleic acids (SENAs). Among these, microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and extracellular ribosomal RNA constitute the majority of RNA-based DAMPs. Upon tissue injury, necrosis or apoptosis, such SENAs are released from neuronal, immune and other cells predominantly in association with extracellular vesicles and may be translocated to target cells where they can induce intracellular regulatory pathways in gene transcription and translation. The majority of SENA-induced signaling reactions in the brain appear to be related to neuroinflammatory processes, often causally associated with the onset or progression of the respective disease. In this review, the impact of the diverse types of SENAs on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed. Based on the accumulating knowledge in this field, several specific antagonistic approaches are presented that could serve as therapeutic interventions to lower the pathological outcome of the indicated brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hugo H. Marti
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Shang B, Cui H, Xie R, Wu J, Shi H, Bi X, Feng L, Shou J. Neutrophil extracellular traps primed intercellular communication in cancer progression as a promising therapeutic target. Biomark Res 2023; 11:24. [PMID: 36859358 PMCID: PMC9977644 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the anti-infection response, neutrophils are linked to tumor progression through the secretion of inflammation components and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. NET is a web-like structure constituted by a chromatin scaffold coated with specific nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, such as histone and granule peptides. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that NETs are favorable factors to promote tumor growth, invasion, migration, and immunosuppression. However, the cell-cell interaction between NETs and other cells (tumor cells and immune cells) is complicated and poorly studied. This work is the first review to focus on the intercellular communication mediated by NETs in cancer. We summarized the complex cell-cell interaction between NETs and other cells in the tumor microenvironment. We also address the significance of NETs as both prognostic/predictive biomarkers and molecular targets for cancer therapy. Moreover, we presented a comprehensive landscape of cancer immunity, improving the therapeutic efficacy for advanced cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Shang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Honglei Cui
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Ruiyang Xie
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Jie Wu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Hongzhe Shi
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Xingang Bi
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021 PR China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR, China.
| | - Jianzhong Shou
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Panjiayuan Nanli 17# Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, PR, China.
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Newborn Rats Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043598. [PMID: 36835009 PMCID: PMC9966013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral immune system plays a critical role in neuroinflammation of the central nervous system after an insult. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) induces a strong neuroinflammatory response in neonates, which is often associated with exacerbated outcomes. In adult models of ischemic stroke, neutrophils infiltrate injured brain tissue immediately after an ischemic insult and aggravate inflammation via various mechanisms, including neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) formation. In this study, we used a neonatal model of experimental hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and demonstrated that circulating neutrophils were rapidly activated in neonatal blood. We observed an increased infiltration of neutrophils in the brain after exposure to HI. After treatment with either normothermia (NT) or therapeutic hypothermia (TH), we observed a significantly enhanced expression level of the NETosis marker Citrullinated H3 (Cit-H3), which was significantly more pronounced in animals treated with TH than in those treated with NT. NETs and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome assembly are closely linked in adult models of ischemic brain injury. In this study, we observed an increase in the activation of the NLRP-3 inflammasome at the time points analyzed, particularly immediately after TH, when we observed a significant increase in NETs structures in the brain. Together, these results suggest the important pathological functions of early arriving neutrophils and NETosis following neonatal HI, particularly after TH treatment, which is a promising starting point for the development of potential new therapeutic targets for neonatal HIE.
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Lu Z, Shen H, Li X, Li H, You W, Wang Z, Chen G. Circadian Rhythm Regulator REV-ERBα Attenuates Neuroapoptosis in Early Brain Injury After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1925-1944. [PMID: 36757575 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with circadian rhythm abnormalities, in which REV-ERBα plays a major regulatory role. Our ambition was to investigate the capacity of REV-ERBα to inhibit neuronal neuroapoptosis induced by early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. The endovascular perforation model was used to produce experimental SAH in Sprague-Dawley rats. Specific small-interfering RNA was used to downregulate the expression REV-ERBα while SR9009 was used to upregulate the expression before assessments. Short- and long-term neurobehavior assessments, immunofluorescence staining, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, brain water content, and Western blot were performed. The expression level of endogenous REVERBα tended to increase and then decrease after SAH and peaked at 48 h. REV-ERBα upregulation diminished neuronal apoptosis and enhanced neurological function deficits. Meanwhile, REV-ERBα downregulation aggravated the damage. Furthermore, the levels of downstream proteins of REV-ERBα (i.e., brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (BMAL1) and circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK)) changed accordingly with REV-ERBα regulation. REV-ERBα may attenuate neuronal apoptosis in EBI after SAH through the BMAL1/CLOCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wanchun You
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Ho JW, Quan C, Gauger MA, Alam HB, Li Y. ROLE OF PEPTIDYLARGININE DEIMINASE AND NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS IN INJURIES: FUTURE NOVEL DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS. Shock 2023; 59:247-255. [PMID: 36597759 PMCID: PMC9957939 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Injuries lead to an early systemic inflammatory state with innate immune system activation. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a complex of chromatin and proteins released from the activated neutrophils. Although initially described as a response to bacterial infections, NETs have also been identified in the sterile postinjury inflammatory state. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a group of isoenzymes that catalyze the conversion of arginine to citrulline, termed citrullination or deimination. PAD2 and PAD4 have been demonstrated to play a role in NET formation through citrullinated histone 3. PAD2 and PAD4 have a variety of substrates with variable organ distribution. Preclinical and clinical studies have evaluated the role of PADs and NETs in major trauma, hemorrhage, burns, and traumatic brain injury. Neutrophil extracellular trap formation and PAD activation have been shown to contribute to the postinjury inflammatory state leading to a detrimental effect on organ systems. This review describes our current understanding of the role of PAD and NET formation following injury and burn. This is a new field of study, and the emerging data appear promising for the future development of targeted biomarkers and therapies in trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie W. Ho
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Chao Quan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Megan A. Gauger
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Hasan B. Alam
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Yongqing Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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Activation of the RARα Attenuated CSF Hypersecretion to Inhibit Hydrocephalus Development via Regulating the MAFB/MSR1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032586. [PMID: 36768908 PMCID: PMC9917365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocephalus has been observed in rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHRs). It has been demonstrated that activation of the oxidative stress related protein retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) has neuroprotective impacts. Our investigation aims to determine the potential role and mechanism of RARα in hydrocephalus. The RARα-specific agonist (Am80) and RARα inhibitor (AGN196996) were used to investigate the role of RARα in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion in the choroid plexus of SHRs. Evaluations of CSF secretion, ventricular volume, Western blotting, and immunofluorescent staining were performed. Hydrocephalus and CSF hypersecretion were identified in SHRs but not in Wistar-Kyoto rats, occurring at the age of 7 weeks. The RARα/MAFB/MSR1 pathway was also activated in SHRs. Therapy with Am80 beginning in week 5 decreased CSF hypersecretion, hydrocephalus development, and pathological changes in choroid plexus alterations by week 7. AGN196996 abolished the effect of Am80. In conclusion, activation of the RARα attenuated CSF hypersecretion to inhibit hydrocephalus development via regulating the MAFB/MSR1 pathway. RARα may act as a possible therapeutic target for hydrocephalus.
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Hou Y, Fan J, Yuan H, Zheng H, Yang H, Li H, Chen R, Yu J. Prognostic capacity of the systemic inflammation response index for functional outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1054315. [PMID: 36937535 PMCID: PMC10017774 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1054315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed involving all consecutive aSAH patients admitted to our institution. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was performed to determine the functional outcomes of all patients at 3 months after aSAH. Results were categorized as favorable (mRS score 0-2) and unfavorable (mRS score 3-6). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressive analyses were utilized to identify the prognostic significance of SIRI. To minimize the effects of confounding factors, patients were stratified according to the optimal cut-off value of SIRI with propensity score matching (PSM). Further subgroup analysis was conducted to verify the consistency of our findings and Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between SIRI and the severity of aSAH. Results In this study, 350 patients were enrolled and 126 (36.0%) of them suffered unfavorable outcomes. The SIRI of 5.36 × 109/L was identified as the optimal cut-off value. Two score-matched cohorts (n = 100 in each group) obtained from PSM with low SIRI and high SIRI were used for analysis. A significantly higher unfavorable functional outcome rate was observed in patients with high SIRI before and after PSM (p < 0.001 and 0.017, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that SIRI value ≥ 5.36 × 109/L was an independent risk factor for poor outcomes (OR 3.05 95% CI 1.37-6.78, p = 0.006) after adjusting for possible confounders. A identical result was discovered in the PSM cohort. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of SIRI was 0.774 which shown a better predictive value than other inflammatory markers observed in previous similar studies. Pearson's correlation analysis proved the positive association between SIRI and aSAH severity. Conclusions Elevated SIRI at admission is associated with worse clinical status and poorer functional outcomes among patients with aSAH. SIRI is a useful inflammatory marker with prognostic value for functional outcomes after aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingxin Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huisheng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hu Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongkuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rudong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Rudong Chen
| | - Jiasheng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Jiasheng Yu
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Liu Y, Liu R, Huang L, Zuo G, Dai J, Gao L, Shi H, Fang Y, Lu Q, Okada T, Wang Z, Hu X, Lenahan C, Tang J, Xiao J, Zhang JH. Inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP3 Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis Partially by Modulating p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 Pathway after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7727616. [PMID: 36531208 PMCID: PMC9757947 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7727616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis contribute to pathological processes of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Previous studies demonstrated that the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 suppressed oxidative stress and apoptotic effects after Alzheimer's disease and intracerebral hemorrhage. This study is aimed at investigating the antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effect of EP3 inhibition and the underlying mechanisms in a rat mode of SAH. A total of 263 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation. Selective EP3 antagonist L798106 was administered intranasally at 1 h, 25 h, and 49 h after SAH induction. EP3 knockout CRISPR and FOXO3 activation CRISPR were administered intracerebroventricularly at 48 h prior to SAH, while selective EP3 agonist sulprostone was administered at 1 h prior to SAH. SAH grade, neurological deficits, western blots, immunofluorescence staining, Fluoro-Jade C staining, TUNEL staining, 8-OHdG staining, and Nissl staining were conducted after SAH. The expression of endogenous PGES2 increased and peaked at 12 h while the expression of EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, and Mul1 increased and peaked at 24 h in the ipsilateral brain after SAH. EP3 was expressed mainly in neurons. The inhibition of EP3 with L798106 or EP3 KO CRISPR ameliorated the neurological impairments, brain tissue oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis after SAH. To examine potential downstream mediators of EP3, we examined the effect of the increased expression of activated FOXO3 following the administration of FOXO3 activation CRISPR. Mechanism studies demonstrated that L798106 treatment significantly decreased the expression of EP3, p-p38, p-FOXO3, Mul1, 4-HNE, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 but upregulated the expression of Mfn2 and Bcl-2 in SAH rats. EP3 agonist sulprostone or FOXO3 activation CRISPR abolished the neuroprotective effects of L798106 and its regulation on expression of p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 in the ipsilateral brain after SAH. In conclusion, the inhibition of EP3 by L798106 attenuated oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis partly through p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 pathway post-SAH in rats. EP3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for SAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Gang Zuo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jiaxing Dai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Takeshi Okada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - John H. Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Zeng Y, Fang Z, Lai J, Wu Z, Lin W, Yao H, Hu W, Chen J, Guo X, Chen X. Activation of Sirtuin-1 by Pinocembrin Treatment Contributes to Reduced Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2242833. [PMID: 36439686 PMCID: PMC9683949 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2242833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) as a devastating neurological disorder is closely related to heightened oxidative insults and neuroinflammatory injury. Pinocembrin, a bioflavonoid, exhibits different biological functions, such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and cerebroprotective activities. Herein, we examined the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of pinocembrin in a murine model of SAH. Using an endovascular perforation model in rats, pinocembrin significantly mitigated SAH-induced neuronal tissue damage, including inflammatory injury and free-radical insults. Meanwhile, pinocembrin improved behavior function and reduced neuronal apoptosis. We also revealed that sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activation was significantly enhanced by pinocembrin. In addition, pinocembrin treatment evidently enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator expression and suppressed ac-nuclear factor-kappa B levels. In contrast, EX-527, a selective SIRT1 inhibitor, blunted the protective effects of pinocembrin against SAH by suppressing SIRT1-mediated signaling. These results suggested that the cerebroprotective actions of pinocembrin after SAH were through SIRT1-dependent pathway, suggesting the potential application of pinocembrin for the treatment of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongning Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinqing Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weibin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junyan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xieli Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jinjiang Municipal Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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Weng W, Cheng F, Zhang J. Specific signature biomarkers highlight the potential mechanisms of circulating neutrophils in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1022564. [PMID: 36438795 PMCID: PMC9685413 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1022564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating hemorrhagic stroke with high disability and mortality. Neuroinflammation and the immunological response after aSAH are complex pathophysiological processes that have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, attention should be paid to exploring the inflammation-related genes involved in the systemic response to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Methods: The datasets of gene transcriptomes were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We constructed a gene co-expression network to identify cluster genes associated with aSAH and screened out differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The common gene was subsequently applied to identify hub genes by protein-protein interaction analysis and screen signature genes by machine learning algorithms. CMap analysis was implemented to identify potential small-molecule compounds. Meanwhile, Cibersort and ssGSEA were used to evaluate the immune cell composition, and GSEA reveals signal biological pathways. Results: We identified 602 DEGs from the GSE36791. The neutrophil-related module associated with aSAH was screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and functional enrichment analysis. Several small molecular compounds were predicted based on neutrophil-related genes. MAPK14, ITGAM, TLR4, and FCGR1A have been identified as crucial genes involved in the peripheral immune activation related to neutrophils. Six significant genes (CST7, HSP90AB1, PADI4, PLBD1, RAB32, and SLAMF6) were identified as signature biomarkers by performing the LASSO analysis and SVM algorithms. The constructed machine learning model appears to be robust by receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. The immune feature analysis demonstrated that neutrophils were upregulated post-aSAH and PADI4 was positively correlated with neutrophils. The NETs pathway was significantly upregulated in aSAH. Conclusion: We identified core regulatory genes influencing the transcription profiles of circulating neutrophils after the rupture of intracranial aneurysms using bioinformatics analysis and machine learning algorithms. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of peripheral immune response and inflammation after aSAH.
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Zhang C, Kan X, Zhang B, Ni H, Shao J. The role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in central nervous system diseases. Mol Brain 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 36273145 PMCID: PMC9588203 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is mainly expressed on the surface of myeloid cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. It plays an important role in the triggering and amplification of inflammatory responses, and it is involved in the development of various infectious and non-infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. In recent years, TREM-1 has also been found to participate in the pathological processes of several central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Targeting TREM-1 may be a promising strategy for treating these diseases. This paper aims to characterize TREM-1 in terms of its structure, signaling pathway, expression, regulation, ligands and pathophysiological role in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third People’s Hospital of Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu China
| | - Xugang Kan
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, XuzhouKeyLaboratoryofNeurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004 Jiangsu China
| | - Baole Zhang
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, XuzhouKeyLaboratoryofNeurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004 Jiangsu China
| | - Haibo Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu China
| | - Jianfeng Shao
- Department of Neurology, The Third People’s Hospital of Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou, 215600 Jiangsu China
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Liu YW, Zhang J, Bi W, Zhou M, Li J, Xiong T, Yang N, Zhao L, Chen X, Zhou Y, He W, Yang T, Wang H, Xu L, Dai SS. Histones of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce CD11b Expression in Brain Pericytes Via Dectin-1 after Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1199-1214. [PMID: 35819574 PMCID: PMC9554061 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain pericyte is a unique and indispensable part of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and contributes to several pathological processes in traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which pericytes are regulated in the damaged brain are largely unknown. Here, we show that the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induces the appearance of CD11b+ pericytes after TBI. These CD11b+ pericyte subsets are characterized by increased permeability and pro-inflammatory profiles compared to CD11b- pericytes. Moreover, histones from NETs by Dectin-1 facilitate CD11b induction in brain pericytes in PKC-c-Jun dependent manner, resulting in neuroinflammation and BBB dysfunction after TBI. These data indicate that neutrophil-NET-pericyte and histone-Dectin-1-CD11b are possible mechanisms for the activation and dysfunction of pericytes. Targeting NETs formation and Dectin-1 are promising means of treating TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Wuyue Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wanda Bi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Brigade 1 of Medical Undergraduates, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Battalion 1, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiabo Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tiantian Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuanguo Zhou
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wenhui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Teng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Lunshan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Ngo ATP, Gollomp K. Building a better
NET
: Neutrophil extracellular trap targeted therapeutics in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disorders. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anh T. P. Ngo
- Division of Hematology Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kandace Gollomp
- Division of Hematology Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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Feng D, Zhou J, Liu H, Wu X, Li F, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Chao M, Wang Q, Qin H, Ge S, Liu Q, Zhang J, Qu Y. Astrocytic NDRG2-PPM1A interaction exacerbates blood-brain barrier disruption after subarachnoid hemorrhage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq2423. [PMID: 36179025 PMCID: PMC9524825 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury critically exacerbates the poor prognosis of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The massively increased matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9) plays a deleterious role in BBB. However, the main source and mechanism of MMP-9 production after SAH remain unclear. We reported that the increased MMP-9 was mainly derived from reactive astrocytes after SAH. Ndrg2 knockout in astrocytes inhibited MMP-9 expression after SAH and attenuated BBB damage. Astrocytic Ndrg2 knockout decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and the transcription of MMP-9. Notably, cytoplasmic NDRG2 bound to the protein phosphatase PPM1A and restricted the dephosphorylation of Smad2/3. Accordingly, TAT-QFNP12, a novel engineered peptide that could block the NDRG2-PPM1A binding and reduce Smad2/3 dephosphorylation, decreased astrocytic MMP-9 production and BBB disruption after SAH. In conclusion, this study identified NDRG2-PPM1A signaling in reactive astrocytes as a key switch for MMP-9 production and provided a novel therapeutic avenue for BBB protection after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Haixiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics and Development Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Min Chao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Huaizhou Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Shunnan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, International Cooperation Platform for Encephalopathy of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710038, China
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Sun T, Zeng H, Fan L, Fei J, Chen G. Semaphorin 6D regulate corralling, hematoma compaction and white matter injury in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106803. [PMID: 36174325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Semaphorin 6D (SEMA6D) shows important roles in cell guidance and lipid metabolism, but the effects and mechanisms of SEMA6D on tissue repair, white matter injury and the recovery of neurological function after intracerebral hemorrhage have not been well studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the autologous whole blood injection model of intracerebral hemorrhage was established in C57 male mice. SEMA6D knockout CRISPR utilized in the study. Assessments included neurological score evaluation and immunofluorescence. RESULTS SEMA6D increased and peaked at 7d after intracerebral hemorrhage, and mainly located in neurons, microglia and astrocytes. SEMA6D knockout CRISPR aggravated neurological function and showed signs of poorer corralling and hematoma resolution, with more compartments of well-established physical barrier and more extensive GFAP positive astrocytic border. Furthermore, SEMA6D can prevent the decrease of NF-H in the peri-hematoma region, while SEMA6D knockout aggravated WMI. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that SEMA6D could influence the recovery of neurological function by regulating the corralling, hematoma compaction and WMI in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310009, China.
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China..
| | - Linfeng Fan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China..
| | - Jing Fei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310009, China.
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Road 88th, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China..
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Zheng Y, Fan L, Xia S, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Chen H, Zeng H, Fu X, Peng Y, Xu C, Yu K, Liu F, Cao S. Role of complement C1q/C3-CR3 signaling in brain injury after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage and the effect of minocycline treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919444. [PMID: 36189326 PMCID: PMC9520460 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AimThe complement cascade is activated and may play an important pathophysiologic role in brain injury after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the exact mechanism of specific complement components has not been well studied. This study determined the role of complement C1q/C3-CR3 signaling in brain injury after ICH in mice. The effect of minocycline on C1q/C3-CR3 signaling-induced brain damage was also examined.MethodsThere were three parts to the study. First, the natural time course of C1q and CR3 expression was determined within 7 days after ICH. Second, mice had an ICH with CR3 agonists, LA-1 or vehicle. Behavioral score, neuronal cell death, hematoma volume, and oxidative stress response were assessed at 7 days after ICH. Third, the effect of minocycline on C1q/C3-CR3 signaling and brain damage was examined.ResultsThere were increased numbers of C1q-positive and CR3-positive cells after ICH. Almost all perihematomal C1q-positive and CR3-positive cells were microglia/macrophages. CR3 agonist LA-1 aggravated neurological dysfunction, neuronal cell death, and oxidative stress response on day 7 after ICH, as well as enhancing the expression of the CD163/HO-1 pathway and accelerating hematoma resolution. Minocycline treatment exerted neuroprotective effects on brain injury following ICH, partly due to the inhibition of C1q/C3-CR3 signaling, and that could be reversed by LA-1.ConclusionsThe complement C1q/C3-CR3 signaling is upregulated after ICH. The activation of C1q/C3-CR3 signaling by LA-1 aggravates brain injury following ICH. The neuroprotection of minocycline, at least partly, is involved with the repression of the C1q/C3-CR3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fuyi Liu
- *Correspondence: Fuyi Liu, ; Shenglong Cao,
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Wang X, Wen D, You C, Ma L. Identification of the key immune-related genes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:931753. [PMID: 36172261 PMCID: PMC9511034 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.931753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major cause of death and morbidity worldwide, often due to rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Immune infiltration and inflammatory activation play key roles in the process of aneurysmal SAH (aSAH). This study aimed to elaborate the immune infiltration and identify related biomarkers both in blood and tissue samples from patients with aSAH. Expression data of aSAH and healthy control samples were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Overall, a blood sample dataset GSE36791 and a tissue sample dataset GSE122897 were included. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between aSAH and healthy samples were explored. We applied GO biological and Gene Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA) processes to access the functional enrichment. Then feature elimination algorithms based on random forest were used to screen and verify the biomarkers of aSAH. We performed three computational algorithms including Cell type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT), Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCPcounter), and xcell to evaluate the immune cell infiltration landscape to identify the unique infiltration characteristics associated with rupturing. We found 2,220 DEGs (856 upregulated and 1,364 downregulated) in the original dataset. Functional analysis revealed most of these genes are enriched in immunological process, especially related with neutrophil response. Similar signaling pathway enrichment patterns were observed in tissue sample dataset and ClueGo. Analysis of immune microenvironment infiltration suggested neutrophils were abnormally upregulated in aSAH compared with those in the control group. Key gene SRPK1 was then filtered based on feature elimination algorithms, and transcription factor (TF) ZNF281 is assumed to participate in immunomodulation by regulating expression of SRPK1. Several immunomodulators such as CXCR1 and CXCR2 also appear to be involved in the progression of aSAH. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive stratification and quantification of the immune infiltration status of aSAH. By exploring the potential mechanism for aSAH based on several computational algorithms, key genes including SRPK1 and ZNF281 were filtered. This study may be of benefit to patients who are at high risk of suffering aSAH which allows for early diagnosis and potential therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingke Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao You
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Brain Research Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao You Lu Ma
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao You Lu Ma
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Chen Y, Galea I, Macdonald RL, Wong GKC, Zhang JH. Rethinking the initial changes in subarachnoid haemorrhage: Focusing on real-time metabolism during early brain injury. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104223. [PMID: 35973388 PMCID: PMC9396538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, neurological researchers have uncovered many pathophysiological mechanisms associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), with early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischaemia both contributing to morbidity and mortality. The current dilemma in SAH management inspired us to rethink the nature of the insult in SAH: sudden bleeding into the subarachnoid space and hypoxia due to disturbed cerebral circulation and increased intracranial pressure, generating exogenous stimuli and subsequent pathophysiological processes. Exogenous stimuli are defined as factors which the brain tissue is not normally exposed to when in the healthy state. Intersections of these initial pathogenic factors lead to secondary brain injury with related metabolic changes after SAH. Herein, we summarized the current understanding of efforts to monitor and analyse SAH-related metabolic changes to identify those precise pathophysiological processes and potential therapeutic strategies; in particular, we highlight the restoration of normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation and the normalization of brain-blood interface physiology to alleviate early brain injury and delayed neurological deterioration after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Ian Galea
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - R Loch Macdonald
- Community Neurosciences Institutes, Community Regional Medical Center, Fresno, CA 93701, USA
| | - George Kwok Chu Wong
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
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Jin J, Zhao X, Li W, Wang F, Tian J, Wang N, Gao X, Zhang J, Wu J, Mang G, Ma R, Hu S. Neutrophil extracellular traps: A novel therapeutic target for intracranial hemorrhage. Thromb Res 2022; 219:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Wu X, Guo Y, Zeng H, Chen G. DNase-1 Treatment Exerts Protective Effects in Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema via Regulating the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154349. [PMID: 35955969 PMCID: PMC9369252 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) involve inflammation, coagulation and cell death. Acute lung injury is also considered to be connected with NETs. Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase-1), a clinical medication for the respiratory system, has been reported to degrade cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which is the main component of NETs. Herein, we did research to clarify the therapeutic value of DNase-1 in NPE after SAH. In this model, we found that the treatment of DNase-1 remarkably decreased lung water, neutrophilic infiltration and inflammation. In addition, DNase-1 inhibited the NETs and proinflammatory subtype transition of the macrophages. Moreover, the depletion of neutrophil also verified the role of NETs in NPE. Our results suggest that DNase-1 has the potential to effectively relieve the NPE after SAH and to be a clinical drug for use after SAH.
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Li JC, Zou XM, Yang SF, Jin JQ, Zhu L, Li CJ, Yang H, Zhang AG, Zhao TQ, Chen CY. Neutrophil extracellular traps participate in the development of cancer-associated thrombosis in patients with gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3132-3149. [PMID: 36051331 PMCID: PMC9331535 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i26.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with high mortality among gastric cancer (GC) patients. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported to correlate with the prothrombotic state in some diseases, but are rarely reported in GC patients.
AIM To investigate the effect of NETs on the development of cancer-associated thrombosis in GC patients.
METHODS The levels of NETs in blood and tissue samples of patients were analyzed by ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. NET generation and hypercoagulation of platelets and endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro were observed by immunofluorescence staining. NET procoagulant activity (PCA) was determined by fibrin formation and thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) assays. Thrombosis in vivo was measured in a murine model induced by flow stenosis in the inferior vena cava (IVC).
RESULTS NETs were likely to form in blood and tissue samples of GC patients compared with healthy individuals. In vitro studies showed that GC cells and their conditioned medium, but not gastric mucosal epithelial cells, stimulated NET release from neutrophils. In addition, NETs induced a hypercoagulable state of platelets by upregulating the expression of phosphatidylserine and P-selectin on the cells. Furthermore, NETs stimulated the adhesion of normal platelets on glass surfaces. Similarly, NETs triggered the conversion of ECs to hypercoagulable phenotypes by downregulating the expression of their intercellular tight junctions but upregulating that of tissue factor. Treatment of normal platelets or ECs with NETs augmented the level of plasma fibrin formation and the TAT complex. In the models of IVC stenosis, tumor-bearing mice showed a stronger ability to form thrombi, and NETs abundantly accumulated in the thrombi of tumor-bearing mice compared with control mice. Notably, the combination of deoxyribonuclease I, activated protein C, and sivelestat markedly abolished the PCA of NETs.
CONCLUSION GC-induced NETs strongly increased the risk of VTE development both in vitro and in vivo. NETs are potential therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of VTE in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Feng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chang-Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - An-Ge Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tian-Qi Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chong-Yan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Shen YJ, Hu HY, Wei ZJ, Li MK, Wang Y, Shi GY, Chu XH, Liu SY, Xue GQ. Association of cerebrospinal fluid advanced oxidation protein products levels with early brain injury and prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A preliminary prospective study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106635. [PMID: 35816787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the time course in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and ascertained the relationship between the levels of AOPPs and early brain injury (EBI), hydrocephalus and prognosis of patients with aSAH. METHODS We measured the CSF AOPPs levels in 50 patients with aSAH at 1-3 d, 4-6 d, 7-9 d, and 10-12 d after hemorrhage. The modified Fisher grades, Hunt-Hess grades, CSF IL-6 levels, peripheral blood count of white blood cells, cerebral edema scores and hydrocephalus were used to assess the severity of brain injury. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were used to assess the prognosis. Patients with mRS scores greater than 2 were considered to have a poor outcome. RESULTS CSF AOPPs levels were significantly higher in patients with aSAH with poor prognosis, compared to patients with good prognosis and peaked in the early stage. Among patients with aSAH, the levels of CSF AOPPs on days 1-3 were significantly correlated with modified Fisher grades, Hunt-Hess grades, CSF IL-6 levels, peripheral blood count of white blood cells, and cerebral edema scores. Also, in patients with hydrocephalus, early CSF AOPPs levels were significantly elevated. Levels of CSF AOPPs in aSAH patients on days 1-3, 4-6, and 7-9 were independently associated with poor prognosis at the 90-day follow-up, and the optimal area under the curve (AUC) values for CSF AOPPs levels were found on days 1-3. CONCLUSIONS AOPPs may serve as the potential biomarker to assess the severity of EBI and prognosis in patients with aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Shen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Hui-Yu Hu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Zhong-Jun Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Meng-Kai Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Guang-Yu Shi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
| | - Xue-Hong Chu
- Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Shao-Yu Liu
- Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 3690, Hedong East Street, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China.
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs): A New Therapeutic Target for Neuroinflammation and Microthrombosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage? Transl Stroke Res 2022:10.1007/s12975-022-01039-y. [PMID: 35689126 PMCID: PMC9187359 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a major role in intrinsic immunity by limiting and killing pathogens. Recently, a series of studies have confirmed that NETs are closely associated with vascular injury and microthrombosis. Furthermore, NETs play an important role in neuroinflammation after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Neuroinflammation and microthrombosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage are key pathophysiological processes associated with poor prognosis, but their crucial formation mechanisms and interventions remain to be elucidated. Could NETs, as an emerging and important pathogenesis, be a new therapeutic target after subarachnoid hemorrhage?
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Witsch J, Spalart V, Martinod K, Schneider H, Oertel J, Geisel J, Hendrix P, Hemmer S. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Crit Care Explor 2022; 4:e0692. [PMID: 35620772 PMCID: PMC9116951 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complexes, biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), have been associated with arterial and venous thrombosis. Their role in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess whether serum MPO-DNA complexes are present in patients with aSAH and whether they are associated with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Post-hoc analysis of a prospective, observational single-center study, with de novo serum biomarker measurements in consecutive patients with aSAH between July 2018 and September 2020, admitted to a tertiary care neuroscience ICU. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We analyzed serum obtained at admission and hospital day 4 for concentrations of MPO-DNA complexes. The primary outcome was DCI, defined as new infarction on brain CT. The secondary outcome was clinical vasospasm, a composite of clinical and transcranial Doppler parameters. We used Wilcoxon signed-rank-test to assess for differences between paired measures. RESULTS Among 100 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, mean age 59 years (sd ± 13 yr), 55% women, 78 had confirmed aSAH. Among these, 29 (37%) developed DCI. MPO-DNA complexes were detected in all samples. The median MPO-DNA level was 33 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 18-43 ng/mL) at admission, and 22 ng/mL (IQR, 11-31 ng/mL) on day 4 (unpaired test; p = 0.015). We found a significant reduction in MPO-DNA levels from admission to day 4 in patients with DCI (paired test; p = 0.036) but not in those without DCI (p = 0.17). There was a similar reduction in MPO-DNA levels between admission and day 4 in patients with (p = 0.006) but not in those without clinical vasospasm (p = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This is the first study to detect the NET biomarkers MPO-DNA complexes in peripheral serum of patients with aSAH and to associate them with DCI. A pronounced reduction in MPO-DNA levels might serve as an early marker of DCI. This diagnostic potential of MPO-DNA complexes and their role as potential therapeutic targets in aSAH should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Witsch
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Valérie Spalart
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kimberly Martinod
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hauke Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jürgen Geisel
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Philipp Hendrix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Sina Hemmer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Cepharanthine Attenuates Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice via Inhibiting 15-Lipoxygenase-1-Mediated Microglia and Endothelial Cell Ferroptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4295208. [PMID: 35186185 PMCID: PMC8850040 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4295208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of programmed cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Our study was designed to determine the expression patterns and role of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to investigate whether cepharanthine (CEP) can inhibit ferroptosis by inhibiting ALOX15 in specific cell types. Methods A mouse model of SAH was developed by the endovascular perforation method. bEend.3 endothelial cells and BV2 microglial cells as well as RSL3 and hemin were used to simulate SAH in vitro. Mice and cell lines were treated with CEP and a group of specific oxygenase inhibitors to explore the protection effect from ferroptosis. Lipid peroxidation staining with BODIPY 581/591 C11 and transmission electron microscopy were used to identify ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. Results In the present study, the accumulation of lipid peroxide, a defect in the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4)/glutathione (GSH) antioxidant system, highly expressed ALOX15 in microglia and endothelium, and ferroptotic changes in microglial mitochondria confirmed the occurrence of ferroptosis after SAH in vivo. Further, CEP was shown to inhibit ferroptosis and improve neurological function by downregulating the expression of ALOX15. During in vitro experiments, we investigated the important role ALOX15 in RSL3-induced endothelial ferroptosis. In addition, we found that M2-type microglia are more sensitive to RSL3-induced ferroptosis than M1-type microglia and that hemin probably induced ferroptosis in M2-type microglia by increasing ALOX15 levels and decreasing GPx4 levels. The effect of CEP treatment was also demonstrated in vitro. Conclusions In summary, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that ferroptosis occurred in the microglia and endothelium after SAH, and this process was facilitated by increased ALOX15 levels. More importantly, treatment with CEP could inhibit ferroptosis through downregulating the expression of ALOX15.
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Wu X, Zeng H, Cai L, Chen G. Role of the Extracellular Traps in Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2021; 12:783882. [PMID: 34868063 PMCID: PMC8635093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.783882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that several immune cells can release chromatin and granular proteins into extracellular space in response to the stimulation, forming extracellular traps (ETs). The cells involved in the extracellular trap formation are recognized including neutropils, macrophages, basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells. With the development of research related to central nervous system, the role of ETs has been valued in neuroinflammation, blood–brain barrier, and other fields. Meanwhile, it has been found that microglial cells as the resident immune cells of the central nervous system can also release ETs, updating the original understanding. This review aims to clarify the role of the ETs in the central nervous system, especially in neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wu
- Department of Neurological Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanhai Zeng
- Department of Neurological Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingxin Cai
- Department of Neurological Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Wu X, Zeng H, Xu C, Chen H, Fan L, Zhou H, Yu Q, Fu X, Peng Y, Yan F, Yu X, Chen G. TREM1 Regulates Neuroinflammatory Injury by Modulate Proinflammatory Subtype Transition of Microglia and Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps via Interaction With SYK in Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:766178. [PMID: 34721438 PMCID: PMC8548669 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.766178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key process in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and contributes to poor outcome in patients. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1) in the SAH, as well as its potential mechanism. In our study, plasma levels of soluble TREM1 was increased significantly after SAH and correlated to SAH severity and serum C-reactiveprotein. TREM1 inhibitory peptide LP17 alleviated the neurological deficits, attenuated brain water content, and reduced neuronal damage after SAH. Meanwhile, TREM1 inhibitory peptide decreased neuroinflammation (evidenced by the decreased levels of markers including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) by attenuating proinflammatory subtype transition of microglia (evidenced by the decreased levels of markers including CD68, CD16, CD86) and decreasing the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (evidenced by the decreased levels of markers including CitH3, MPO, and NE). Further mechanistic study identified that TREM1 can activate downstream proinflammatory pathways through interacting with spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). In conclusion, inhibition of TREM1 alleviates neuroinflammation by attenuating proinflammatory subtype transition of microglia and decreasing the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps through interacting with SYK after SAH. TREM1 may be a a promising therapeutic target for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaobo Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Früh A, Tielking K, Schoknecht F, Liu S, Schneider UC, Fischer S, Vajkoczy P, Xu R. RNase A Inhibits Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724611. [PMID: 34603082 PMCID: PMC8481772 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by rupture of an intracranial aneurysm, is a life-threatening emergency that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests involvement of the innate immune response in secondary brain injury, and a potential role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) for SAH-associated neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of NETs in SAH and the potential role of the RNase A (the bovine equivalent to human RNase 1) application on NET burden. Methods: A total number of n=81 male C57Bl/6 mice were operated utilizing a filament perforation model to induce SAH, and Sham operation was performed for the corresponding control groups. To confirm the bleeding and exclude stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, the animals received MRI after 24h. Mice were treated with intravenous injection of RNase A (42μg/kg body weight) or saline solution for the control groups, respectively. Quadruple-immunofluorescence (IF) staining for cell nuclei (DAPI), F-actin (phalloidin), citrullinated H3, and neurons (NeuN) was analyzed by confocal imaging and used to quantify NET abundance in the subarachnoid space (SAS) and brain parenchyma. To quantify NETs in human SAH patients, cerebrospinal spinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples from day 1, 2, 7, and 14 after bleeding onset were analyzed for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) via Sytox Green. Results: Neutrophil extracellular traps are released upon subarachnoid hemorrhage in the SAS on the ipsilateral bleeding site 24h after ictus. Over time, NETs showed progressive increase in the parenchyma on both ipsi- and contralateral site, peaking on day 14 in periventricular localization. In CSF and blood samples of patients with aneurysmal SAH, NETs also increased gradually over time with a peak on day 7. RNase application significantly reduced NET accumulation in basal, cortical, and periventricular areas. Conclusion: Neutrophil extracellular trap formation following SAH originates in the ipsilateral SAS of the bleeding site and spreads gradually over time to basal, cortical, and periventricular areas in the parenchyma within 14days. Intravenous RNase application abrogates NET burden significantly in the brain parenchyma, underpinning a potential role in modulation of the innate immune activation after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Früh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Tielking
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Schoknecht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf C Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Giessen University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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