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Song J, Zhou D, Cui L, Wu C, Jia L, Wang M, Li J, Ya J, Ji X, Meng R. Advancing stroke therapy: innovative approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:369. [PMID: 39039539 PMCID: PMC11265156 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) being the most common subtype. Despite significant advances in reperfusion therapies, their limited time window and associated risks underscore the necessity for novel treatment strategies. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to modulate the post-stroke microenvironment and facilitate neuroprotection and neurorestoration. This review synthesizes current research on the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived EVs in AIS, focusing on their origin, biogenesis, mechanisms of action, and strategies for enhancing their targeting capacity and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we explore innovative combination therapies and discuss both the challenges and prospects of EV-based treatments. Our findings reveal that stem cell-derived EVs exhibit diverse therapeutic effects in AIS, such as promoting neuronal survival, diminishing neuroinflammation, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Various strategies, including targeting modifications and cargo modifications, have been developed to improve the efficacy of EVs. Combining EVs with other treatments, such as reperfusion therapy, stem cell transplantation, nanomedicine, and gut microbiome modulation, holds great promise for improving stroke outcomes. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of EVs and the need for standardized protocols for EV production and quality control remain to be addressed. Stem cell-derived EVs represent a novel therapeutic avenue for AIS, offering the potential to address the limitations of current treatments. Further research is needed to optimize EV-based therapies and translate their benefits to clinical practice, with an emphasis on ensuring safety, overcoming regulatory hurdles, and enhancing the specificity and efficacy of EV delivery to target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingrun Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingyuan Ya
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Ya D, Xiang W, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Li X, Deng J, Chen M, Yang B, Lin X, Liao R. Leptin combined with withaferin A boost posthemorrhagic neurogenesis via activation of STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114809. [PMID: 38714285 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Neurogenesis as a potential strategy to improve the consequences of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The current study investigates the effects of withaferin A (WFA) in combination with leptin (LEP) on ICH and neurogenesis mechanisms. LEP levels were dramatically reduced on days 7 and 14 following ICH insults in mice, but continuous WFA therapy significantly improved the potency of intrinsic LEP on day 14 after ICH. Furthermore, WFA combined with LEP enhances intrinsic neurogenesis and lessen motor deficits and long-term cognitive outcomes after ICH. In parallel, leptin deficiency in ob/ob mice limits enhancement of neurogenesis following ICH in response to WFA combined with LEP treatment. Importantly, the functional recovery conferred by WFA combined with LEP after ICH was inhibited by neurogenesis suppression. Mechanistically, this study unveiled that the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) / suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) pathway is a critical signaling pathway through which WFA combined with LEP treatment promotes intrinsic neurogenesis after ICH. Collectively, the results of this study elucidate the neuroprotective effects of WFA and LEP in ICH, and highlight a potential approach for ICH cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshan Ya
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wenjing Xiang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yanlin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zixian Zhou
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jungang Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaohui Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Rujia Liao
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China.
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Pu B, Zhu H, Wei L, Gu L, Zhang S, Jian Z, Xiong X. The Involvement of Immune Cells Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbiota. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:498-517. [PMID: 37140808 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a disease with high mortality and disability rate worldwide, currently has no effective treatment. The systemic inflammation response to the ischemic stroke, followed by immunosuppression in focal neurologic deficits and other inflammatory damage, reduces the circulating immune cell counts and multiorgan infectious complications such as intestinal and gut dysfunction dysbiosis. Evidence showed that microbiota dysbiosis plays a role in neuroinflammation and peripheral immune response after stroke, changing the lymphocyte populations. Multiple immune cells, including lymphocytes, engage in complex and dynamic immune responses in all stages of stroke and may be a pivotal moderator in the bidirectional immunomodulation between ischemic stroke and gut microbiota. This review discusses the role of lymphocytes and other immune cells, the immunological processes in the bidirectional immunomodulation between gut microbiota and ischemic stroke, and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Pu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wei
- Organ Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Tomas-Sanchez C, Blanco-Alvarez VM, Gonzalez-Barrios JA, Martinez-Fong D, Soto-Rodriguez G, Brambila E, Gonzalez-Vazquez A, Aguilar-Peralta AK, Limón DI, Vargas-Castro V, Cebada J, Alatriste-Bueno V, Leon-Chavez BA. Prophylactic zinc and therapeutic selenium administration in adult rats prevents long-term cognitive and behavioral sequelae by a transient ischemic attack. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30017. [PMID: 38707461 PMCID: PMC11068621 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The transient hypoxic-ischemic attack, also known as a minor stroke, can result in long-term neurological issues such as memory loss, depression, and anxiety due to an increase in nitrosative stress. The individual or combined administration of chronic prophylactic zinc and therapeutic selenium is known to reduce nitrosative stress in the first seven days post-reperfusion and, due to an antioxidant effect, prevent cell death. Besides, zinc or selenium, individually administered, also causes antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Therefore, this work evaluated whether combining zinc and selenium could prevent stroke-elicited cognition and behavior deficits after 30 days post-reperfusion. Accordingly, we assessed the expression of growth factors at 7 days post-reperfusion, a four-time course of memory (from 7 to 28 days post-learning test), and cell proliferation, depression, and anxiety-like behavior at 30 days post-reperfusion. Male Wistar rats with a weight between 190 and 240 g) were treated with chronic prophylactic zinc administration with a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg for 15 days before common carotid artery occlusion (10 min) and then with therapeutic selenium (6 μg/kg) for 7 days post-reperfusion. Compared with individual administrations, the administration combined of prophylactic zinc and therapeutic selenium decreased astrogliosis, increased growth factor expression, and improved cell proliferation and survival in two regions, the hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. These effects prevented memory loss, depression, and anxiety-like behaviors. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the prophylactic zinc administration combined with therapeutic selenium can reduce the long-term sequelae caused by the transient ischemic attack. Significance statement. A minor stroke caused by a transient ischemic attack can result in psychomotor sequelae that affect not only the living conditions of patients and their families but also the economy. The incidence of these micro-events among young people has increased in the world. Nonetheless, there is no deep understanding of how this population group responds to regular treatments (Ekker and et al., 2018) [1]. On the basis that zinc and selenium have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties in stroke animal models, our work explored whether the chronic combined administration of prophylactic zinc and therapeutic selenium could prevent neurological sequelae in the long term in a stroke rat model of unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) by 10-min. Our results showed that this combined treatment provided a long-term neuroprotective effect by decreasing astrogliosis, memory loss, anxiety, and depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantino Tomas-Sanchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victor Manuel Blanco-Alvarez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av 25 Pte 1304, Colonia Volcanes, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Gonzalez-Barrios
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Hospital regional 1° de Octubre, ISSSTE, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional #1669, 07760, México D. F., Mexico
| | - Daniel Martinez-Fong
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07000, México D.F., Mexico
- Nanoparticle Therapy Institute, 404 Avenida Monte Blanco, Aguascalientes, 20120, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Soto-Rodriguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez-Vazquez
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aguilar-Peralta
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Daniel I. Limón
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Vargas-Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jorge Cebada
- Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 13 Sur 2702, Col. Volcanes, 72410, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victorino Alatriste-Bueno
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Bertha Alicia Leon-Chavez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 sur y Av. San Claudio, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
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Vercalsteren E, Karampatsi D, Buizza C, Nyström T, Klein T, Paul G, Patrone C, Darsalia V. The SGLT2 inhibitor Empagliflozin promotes post-stroke functional recovery in diabetic mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:88. [PMID: 38424560 PMCID: PMC10905950 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes (T2D) worsens stroke recovery, amplifying post-stroke disabilities. Currently, there are no therapies targeting this important clinical problem. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are potent anti-diabetic drugs that also efficiently reduce cardiovascular death and heart failure. In addition, SGLT2i facilitate several processes implicated in stroke recovery. However, the potential efficacy of SGLT2i to improve stroke recovery in T2D has not been investigated. Therefore, we determined whether a post-stroke intervention with the SGLT2i Empagliflozin could improve stroke recovery in T2D mice. T2D was induced in C57BL6J mice by 8 months of high-fat diet feeding. Hereafter, animals were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated with vehicle or the SGLTi Empagliflozin (10 mg/kg/day) starting from 3 days after stroke. A similar study in non diabetic mice was also conducted. Stroke recovery was assessed using the forepaw grip strength test. To identify potential mechanisms involved in the Empagliflozin-mediated effects, several metabolic parameters were assessed. Additionally, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and cerebral vascularization were analyzed using immunohistochemistry/quantitative microscopy. Empagliflozin significantly improved stroke recovery in T2D but not in non-diabetic mice. Improvement of functional recovery was associated with lowered glycemia, increased serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), and the normalization of T2D-induced aberration of parenchymal pericyte density. The global T2D-epidemic and the fact that T2D is a major risk factor for stroke are drastically increasing the number of people in need of efficacious therapies to improve stroke recovery. Our data provide a strong incentive for the potential use of SGLT2i for the treatment of post-stroke sequelae in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Vercalsteren
- NeuroCardioMetabol Group, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Dimitra Karampatsi
- NeuroCardioMetabol Group, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carolina Buizza
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Nyström
- NeuroCardioMetabol Group, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Gesine Paul
- Translational Neurology Group, Department of Clinical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cesare Patrone
- NeuroCardioMetabol Group, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vladimer Darsalia
- NeuroCardioMetabol Group, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Huang H, Zhang J, Lin J, Shi S. Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:48. [PMID: 38287288 PMCID: PMC10823675 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03542-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHOD We conducted a manual search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, with a search deadline set for February 1, 2023. Data analysis was performed using Stata version 15.0. RESULT A total of 9 randomized controlled studies were included, involving a total of 316 people, including 159 mesenchymal stem cells and 147 control groups. Results of meta-analysis: Compared to a placebo group, the administration of mesenchymal stem cells resulted in a significant reduction in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores among patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke [SMD=-0.99,95% CI (-1.93, -0.05)]. Compared to placebo, barthel index [SMD = 0.48,95% CI (-0.55,1.51)], modified rankin score [SMD = 0.45, 95% CI (1.11, 0.21)], adverse events (RR = 0.68, 95% CI (0.40, 1.17)] the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Based on current studies, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can ameliorate neurological deficits in patients with ischemic stroke to a certain extent without increasing adverse reactions. However, there was no significant effect on Barthel index and Modified Rankin score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjia Huang
- Department of Neurology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Province, China
| | - Jinmei Lin
- Department of Neurology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Province, China
| | - Shengliang Shi
- Department of Neurology, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Province, China.
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Shen J, Zhang T, Guan H, Li X, Zhang S, Xu G. PDGFR-beta signaling mediates endogenous neurogenesis after postischemic neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation in mice. Brain Inj 2023; 37:1345-1354. [PMID: 37975626 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2023.2280894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-β mediates the self-renewal and multipotency of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in vitro and in vivo, its mechanisms of activating endogenous NSPCs following ischemic stroke still remain unproven. METHODS The exogenous NSPCs were transplanted into the ischemic striatum of PDGFR-β conditionally neuroepithelial knockout (KO) mice at 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was intraperitoneally injected to label the newly formed endogenous NSPCs. Infarction volume was measured, and behavioral tests were performed. In the subventricular zone (SVZ), proliferation of endogenous NSPCs was tested, and synapse formation and expression of nutritional factors were measured. RESULTS Compared with control mice, KO mice showed larger infarction volume, delayed neurological recovery, reduced numbers of BrdU positive cells, decreased expression of neurogenic factors (including neurofilament, synaptophysin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and decreased synaptic regeneration in SVZ after tMCAO. Moreover, exogenous NSPC transplantation significantly alleviated neurologic dysfunction, promoted neurogenesis, increased expression of neurologic factors, and diminished synaptic deformation in SVZ of FL mice after tMCAO but had no beneficial effect in KO mice. CONCLUSION PDGFR-β signaling may promote activation of endogenous NSPCs after postischemic NSPC transplantation, and thus represents a novel potential regeneration-based therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Neurology, Dongguan Binhaiwan Central Hospital, Dongguan, Guang Dong, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- Department of Science and Education, Dongguan Binhaiwan Central Hospital, Dongguan, Guang Dong, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine
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Collyer E, Blanco-Suarez E. Astrocytes in stroke-induced neurodegeneration: a timeline. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1240862. [PMID: 39086680 PMCID: PMC11285566 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1240862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is a condition characterized by sudden deprivation of blood flow to a brain region and defined by different post-injury phases, which involve various molecular and cellular cascades. At an early stage during the acute phase, fast initial cell death occurs, followed by inflammation and scarring. This is followed by a sub-acute or recovery phase when endogenous plasticity mechanisms may promote spontaneous recovery, depending on various factors that are yet to be completely understood. At later time points, stroke leads to greater neurodegeneration compared to healthy controls in both clinical and preclinical studies, this is evident during the chronic phase when recovery slows down and neurodegenerative signatures appear. Astrocytes have been studied in the context of ischemic stroke due to their role in glutamate re-uptake, as components of the neurovascular unit, as building blocks of the glial scar, and synaptic plasticity regulators. All these roles render astrocytes interesting, yet understudied players in the context of stroke-induced neurodegeneration. With this review, we provide a summary of previous research, highlight astrocytes as potential therapeutic targets, and formulate questions about the role of astrocytes in the mechanisms during the acute, sub-acute, and chronic post-stroke phases that may lead to neurorestoration or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Blanco-Suarez
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Pluta R, Miziak B, Czuczwar SJ. Apitherapy in Post-Ischemic Brain Neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's Disease Proteinopathy: Focus on Honey and Its Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids. Molecules 2023; 28:5624. [PMID: 37570596 PMCID: PMC10420307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration of the brain after ischemia is a major cause of severe, long-term disability, dementia, and mortality, which is a global problem. These phenomena are attributed to excitotoxicity, changes in the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and ultimately neuronal death. In addition, genetic factors such as post-ischemic changes in genetic programming in the expression of amyloid protein precursor, β-secretase, presenilin-1 and -2, and tau protein play an important role in the irreversible progression of post-ischemic neurodegeneration. Since current treatment is aimed at preventing symptoms such as dementia and disability, the search for causative therapy that would be helpful in preventing and treating post-ischemic neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease proteinopathy is ongoing. Numerous studies have shown that the high contents of flavonoids and phenolic acids in honey have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-amyloid, anti-tau protein, anticholinesterase, serotonergic, and AMPAK activities, influencing signal transmission and neuroprotective effects. Notably, in many preclinical studies, flavonoids and phenolic acids, the main components of honey, were also effective when administered after ischemia, suggesting their possible use in promoting recovery in stroke patients. This review provides new insight into honey's potential to prevent brain ischemia as well as to ameliorate damage in advanced post-ischemic brain neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Pluta
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (B.M.); (S.J.C.)
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Li J, Li C, Subedi P, Tian X, Lu X, Miriyala S, Panchatcharam M, Sun H. Light Alcohol Consumption Promotes Early Neurogenesis Following Ischemic Stroke in Adult C57BL/6J Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041074. [PMID: 37189692 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Neurogenesis plays a crucial role in postischemic functional recovery. Alcohol dose-dependently affects the prognosis of ischemic stroke. We investigated the impact of light alcohol consumption (LAC) on neurogenesis under physiological conditions and following ischemic stroke. C57BL/6J mice (three months old) were fed with 0.7 g/kg/day ethanol (designed as LAC) or volume-matched water (designed as control) daily for eight weeks. To evaluate neurogenesis, the numbers of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU)+/doublecortin (DCX)+ and BrdU+/NeuN+ neurons were assessed in the subventricular zone (SVZ), dentate gyrus (DG), ischemic cortex, and ischemic striatum. The locomotor activity was determined by the accelerating rotarod and open field tests. LAC significantly increased BrdU+/DCX+ and BrdU+/NeuN+ cells in the SVZ under physiological conditions. Ischemic stroke dramatically increased BrdU+/DCX+ and BrdU+/NeuN+ cells in the DG, SVZ, ischemic cortex, and ischemic striatum. The increase in BrdU+/DCX+ cells was significantly greater in LAC mice compared to the control mice. In addition, LAC significantly increased BrdU+/NeuN+ cells by about three folds in the DG, SVZ, and ischemic cortex. Furthermore, LAC reduced ischemic brain damage and improved locomotor activity. Therefore, LAC may protect the brain against ischemic stroke by promoting neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Li
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Pushpa Subedi
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xinli Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xiaohong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | | | - Hong Sun
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
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