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Presta M, Zoratto F, Mulder D, Ottomana AM, Pisa E, Arias Vásquez A, Slattery DA, Glennon JC, Macrì S. Hyperglycemia and cognitive impairments anticipate the onset of an overt type 2 diabetes-like phenotype in TALLYHO/JngJ mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 167:107102. [PMID: 38896988 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, resulting from deficits in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Whilst the role of insulin in the peripheral nervous system has been ascertained in countless studies, its role in the central nervous system (CNS) is emerging only recently. Brain insulin has been lately associated with brain disorders like Alzheimer's disease, obsessive compulsive disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Thus, understanding the role of insulin as a common risk factor for mental and somatic comorbidities may disclose novel preventative and therapeutic approaches. We evaluated general metabolism (glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, and polydipsia) and cognitive capabilities (attention, cognitive flexibility, and memory), in adolescent, young adult, and adult male and female TALLYHO/JngJ mice (TH, previously reported to constitute a valid experimental model of T2DM due to impaired insulin signaling). Adult TH mice have also been studied for alterations in gut microbiota diversity and composition. While TH mice exhibited profound deficits in cognitive flexibility and altered glucose metabolism, we observed that these alterations emerged either much earlier (males) or independent of (females) a comprehensive constellation of symptoms, isomorphic to an overt T2DM-like phenotype (insulin resistance, polydipsia, higher energy expenditure, and altered lipid metabolism). We also observed significant sex-dependent alterations in gut microbiota alpha diversity and taxonomy in adult TH mice. Deficits in insulin signaling may represent a common risk factor for both T2DM and CNS-related deficits, which may stem from (partly) independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Presta
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Francesca Zoratto
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Danique Mulder
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Angela Maria Ottomana
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Parma, Parma 43100, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pisa
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Alejandro Arias Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - David A Slattery
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simone Macrì
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy.
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Yoon D, Myong Y, Kim YG, Sim Y, Cho M, Oh BM, Kim S. Latent diffusion model-based MRI superresolution enhances mild cognitive impairment prognostication and Alzheimer's disease classification. Neuroimage 2024; 296:120663. [PMID: 38843963 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Timely diagnosis and prognostication of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are pivotal for effective intervention. Artificial intelligence (AI) in neuroradiology may aid in such appropriate diagnosis and prognostication. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of novel diffusion model-based AI for enhancing AD and MCI diagnosis through superresolution (SR) of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images. METHODS 1.5T brain MR scans of patients with AD or MCI and healthy controls (NC) from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 (ADNI1) were superresolved to 3T using a novel diffusion model-based generative AI (d3T*) and a convolutional neural network-based model (c3T*). Comparisons of image quality to actual 1.5T and 3T MRI were conducted based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), naturalness image quality evaluator (NIQE), and Blind/Referenceless Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQUE). Voxel-based volumetric analysis was then conducted to study whether 3T* images offered more accurate volumetry than 1.5T images. Binary and multiclass classifications of AD, MCI, and NC were conducted to evaluate whether 3T* images offered superior AD classification performance compared to actual 1.5T MRI. Moreover, CNN-based classifiers were used to predict conversion of MCI to AD, to evaluate the prognostication performance of 3T* images. The classification performances were evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), and area under the receiver-operating curves (AUROC). RESULTS Analysis of variance (ANOVA) detected significant differences in image quality among the 1.5T, c3T*, d3T*, and 3T groups across all metrics. Both c3T* and d3T* showed superior image quality compared to 1.5T MRI in NIQE and BRISQUE with statistical significance. While the hippocampal volumes measured in 3T* and 3T images were not significantly different, the hippocampal volume measured in 1.5T images showed significant difference. 3T*-based AD classifications showed superior performance across all performance metrics compared to 1.5T-based AD classification. Classification performance between d3T* and actual 3T was not significantly different. 3T* images offered superior accuracy in predicting the conversion of MCI to AD than 1.5T images did. CONCLUSIONS The diffusion model-based MRI SR enhances the resolution of brain MR images, significantly improving diagnostic and prognostic accuracy for AD and MCI. Superresolved 3T* images closely matched actual 3T MRIs in quality and volumetric accuracy, and notably improved the prediction performance of conversion from MCI to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Youho Myong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gyun Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsik Sim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Cho
- Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Mo Oh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Sung KC, Wang LY, Wang CC, Chu CH, Sun HS, Hsiao YH. Enhanced hippocampal TIAM2S expression alleviates cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Pharmacol Rep 2024:10.1007/s43440-024-00623-3. [PMID: 39012419 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic spine dysfunction is a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Human T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 2 (TIAM2) is expressed in two isoforms, the full length (TIAM2L) and a short transcript (TIAM2S). Compared to TIAM2L protein, which is undetectable, TIAM2S protein is abundant in human brain tissue, especially the hippocampus, and can promote neurite outgrowth in our previous findings. However, whether enhanced hippocampal TIAM2S expression can alleviate cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice remains unclear. METHODS We crossbred 3xTg-AD with TIAM2S mice to generate an AD mouse model that carries the human TIAM2S gene (3xTg-AD/TIAM2S mice). The Morris water maze and object location tests assessed hippocampus-dependent spatial memory. Lentiviral-driven shRNA or cDNA approaches were used to manipulate hippocampal TIAM2S expression. Golgi staining and Sholl analysis were utilized to measure neuronal dendrites and dendritic spines in the mouse hippocampi. RESULTS Compared to 3xTg-AD mice, 3xTg-AD/TIAM2S mice displayed improved cognitive functions. According to the hippocampus is one of the earliest affected brain regions by AD, we further injected TIAM2S shRNA or TIAM2S cDNA into mouse hippocampi to confirm whether manipulating hippocampal TIAM2S expression could affect AD-related cognitive functions. The results showed that the reduced hippocampal TIAM2S expression in 3xTg-AD/TIAM2S mice abolished the memory improvement effect, whereas increased hippocampal TIAM2S levels alleviated cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice. Furthermore, we found that TIAM2S-mediated memory improvement was achieved by regulating dendritic plasticity. CONCLUSIONS These results will provide new insights into connecting TIAM2S with AD and support the notion that TIAM2S should be investigated as potential AD therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chin Sung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 901 Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Chu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H Sunny Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsin Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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López Hanotte J, Peralta F, Reggiani PC, Zappa Villar MF. Investigating the Impact of Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin on Female Rats with and without Ovaries: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04204-x. [PMID: 38985243 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
To contribute to research on female models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), our aim was to study the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in female rats, and to evaluate a potential neuroprotective action of ovarian steroids against STZ. Female rats were either ovariectomized (OVX) or kept with ovaries (Sham) two weeks before ICV injections. Animals were injected with either vehicle (artificial cerebrospinal fluid, aCSF) or STZ (3 mg/kg) and separated into four experimental groups: Sham + aCSF, Sham + STZ, OVX + aCSF and OVX + STZ. Nineteen days post-injection, we assessed different behavioral aspects: burying, anxiety and exploration, object recognition memory, spatial memory, and depressive-like behavior. Immunohistochemistry and Immunoblot analyses were performed in the hippocampus to examine changes in AD-related proteins and neuronal and microglial populations. STZ affected burying and exploratory behavior depending on ovarian status, and impaired recognition but not spatial memory. STZ and ovariectomy increased depressive-like behavior. Interestingly, STZ did not alter the expression of β-amyloid peptide or Tau phosphorylated forms. STZ affected the neuronal population from the Dentate Gyrus, where immature neurons were more vulnerable to STZ in OVX rats. Regarding microglia, STZ increased reactive cells, and the OVX + STZ group showed an increase in the total cell number. In sum, STZ partially affected female rats, compared to what was previously reported for males. Although AD is more frequent in women, reports about the effect of ICV-STZ in female rats are scarce. Our work highlights the need to deepen into the effects of STZ in the female brain and study possible sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette López Hanotte
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Facundo Peralta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Paula Cecilia Reggiani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Florencia Zappa Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
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Zhao S, Huang Y, Shi S, Chen W, Chen R, Wang Z, Wang D. Causal effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on structural changes in specific brain regions: a Mendelian randomization study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae282. [PMID: 38984704 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study utilized Mendelian randomization to explore the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and their subtypes on brain structures, using genome-wide association study data from the FinnGen consortium for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy exposure and brain structure data from the ENIGMA consortium as outcomes. The inverse-variance weighted method, along with Cochran's Q test, Mendelian randomization-Egger regression, Mendelian randomization-PRESSO global test, and the leave-one-out approach, were applied to infer causality and assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Findings indicate hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with structural brain alterations, including reduced cortical thickness in areas like the insula, isthmus cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, and transverse temporal gyrus, and an increased surface area in the superior frontal gyrus. Specific associations were found for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy subtypes: chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia increased cortical thickness in the supramarginal gyrus; preeclampsia/eclampsia led to thinner cortex in the lingual gyrus and larger hippocampal volume and superior parietal lobule surface area. Chronic hypertension was associated with reduced cortical thickness in the caudal and rostral anterior cingulate and increased surface area of the cuneus and thickness of the pars orbitalis cortex. Gestational hypertension showed no significant brain region changes. These insights clarify hypertensive disorders of pregnancies' neurological and cognitive effects by identifying affected brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yihong Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaole Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Run Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Chenain L, Riad R, Fraisse N, Jubin C, Morgado G, Youssov K, Lunven M, Bachoud-Levi AC. Graph methods to infer spatial disturbances: Application to Huntington's Disease's speech. Cortex 2024; 176:144-160. [PMID: 38795650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Huntington's Disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by the mutation of the Htt gene, impacting all aspects of living and functioning. Among cognitive disabilities, spatial capacities are impaired, but their monitoring remains scarce as limited by lengthy experts' assessments. Language offers an alternative medium to evaluate patients' performance in HD. Yet, its capacities to assess HD's spatial abilities are unknown. Here, we aimed to bring proof-of-concept that HD's spatial deficits can be assessed through speech. METHODS We developed the Spatial Description Model to graphically represent spatial relations described during the Cookie Theft Picture (CTP) task. We increased the sensitivity of our model by using only sentences with spatial terms, unlike previous studies in Alzheimer's disease. 78 carriers of the mutant Htt, including 56 manifest and 22 premanifest individuals, as well as 25 healthy controls were included from the BIOHD & (NCT01412125) & Repair-HD (NCT03119246) cohorts. The convergence and divergence of the model were validated using the SelfCog battery. RESULTS Our Spatial Description Model was the only one among the four assessed approaches, revealing that individuals with manifest HD expressed fewer spatial relations and engaged in less spatial exploration compared to healthy controls. Their graphs correlated with both visuospatial and language SelfCog performances, but not with motor, executive nor memory functions. CONCLUSIONS We provide the proof-of-concept using our Spatial Description Model that language can grasp HD patient's spatial disturbances. By adding spatial capabilities to the panel of functions tested by the language, it paves the way for eventual remote clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Chenain
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France; ALMAnaCH, INRIA, 75012 Paris, France; Learning Planet Institute, Université de Paris, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Rachid Riad
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France
| | - Nicolas Fraisse
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Centre de référence Maladie de Huntington, Service de Neurologie, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Cécilia Jubin
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Centre de référence Maladie de Huntington, Service de Neurologie, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Graça Morgado
- Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Katia Youssov
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Centre de référence Maladie de Huntington, Service de Neurologie, F-94010 Créteil, France; Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Marine Lunven
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France.
| | - Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Levi
- Département d'Etudes Cognitives, École normale supérieure, PSL University, NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, 75005 Paris, France; Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Equipe NeuroPsychologie Interventionnelle, F-94010 Créteil, France; NeurATRIS Créteil, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Centre de référence Maladie de Huntington, Service de Neurologie, F-94010 Créteil, France; Inserm, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
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Mazahir F, Alam MI, Yadav AK. Development of nanomedicines for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Raison d'être, strategies, challenges and regulatory aspects. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102318. [PMID: 38705362 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of memory. Presently, AD is challenging to treat with current drug therapy as their delivery to the brain is restricted by the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Nanomedicines, due to their size, high surface volume ratio, and ease of tailoring drug release characteristics, showed their potential to treat AD. The nanotechnology-based formulations for brain targeting are expected to enter the market in the near future. So, regulatory frameworks are required to ensure the quality, safety, and effectiveness of the nanomedicines to treat AD. In this review, we discuss different strategies, in-vitro blood-brain permeation models, in-vivo permeation assessment, and regulatory aspects for the development of nanomedicine to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Mazahir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Md Imtiyaz Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Awesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India.
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Usha KC, Suma HN, Appaji A. Regional-based static and dynamic alterations in Alzheimer disease: a longitudinal study. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 82:1-11. [PMID: 38977265 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) leads to cognitive decline and alters functional connectivity (FC) in key brain regions. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) assesses these changes using static-FC for overall correlation and dynamic-FC for temporal variability. OBJECTIVE In AD, there is altered FC compared to normal conditions. The present study investigates possible region-specific functional abnormalities occurring longitudinally over 1 year. Our aim is to evaluate the potential usefulness of the static and dynamic approaches in identifying biomarkers of AD progression. METHODS The study involved 15 AD and 20 healthy participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2 (ADNI2) database, tracked over 2 visits within 1 year. Using constrained-independent component analysis, we assessed FC changes across 80-regions of interest in AD over the year, examining both static and dynamic conditions. RESULTS The average regional FC decreased in AD compared to healthy subjects at baseline and after 1 year. The dynamic condition identifies similarities with a few additional changes in the FC compared to the static condition. In both analyses, the baseline assessment revealed reduced connectivity between the following regions: right-middle-occipital and left-superior-occipital, left-hippocampus and right-postcentral, left-lingual and left-fusiform, and precuneus and left-thalamus. Additionally, increased connectivity was found between the left-superior-occipital and precuneus regions. In the 1-year AD assessment, increased connectivity was noted between the right-superior-temporal-pole and right-insular, right-hippocampus and left-caudate, right-middle-occipital and right-superior-temporal-pole, and posterior-cingulate-cortex and middle-temporal-pole regions. CONCLUSION Significant changes were observed at baseline in the frontal, occipital, and core basal-ganglia regions, progressing towards the temporal lobe and subcortical regions in the following year. After 1 year, we observed the aforementioned region-specific neurological differences in AD, significantly aiding diagnosis and disease tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppe Channappa Usha
- B.M.S. College of Engineering, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | | | - Abhishek Appaji
- B.M.S. College of Engineering, Department of Medical Electronics, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
- Maastricht University, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Iannucci J, Dominy R, Bandopadhyay S, Arthur EM, Noarbe B, Jullienne A, Krkasharyan M, Tobin RP, Pereverzev A, Beevers S, Venkatasamy L, Souza KA, Jupiter DC, Dabney A, Obenaus A, Newell-Rogers MK, Shapiro LA. Traumatic brain injury alters the effects of class II invariant peptide (CLIP) antagonism on chronic meningeal CLIP + B cells, neuropathology, and neurobehavioral impairment in 5xFAD mice. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:165. [PMID: 38937750 PMCID: PMC11212436 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03146-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and accumulating evidence supports a role for adaptive immune B and T cells in both TBI and AD pathogenesis. We previously identified B cell and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII)-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP)-positive B cell expansion after TBI. We also showed that antagonizing CLIP binding to the antigen presenting groove of MHCII after TBI acutely reduced CLIP + splenic B cells and was neuroprotective. The current study investigated the chronic effects of antagonizing CLIP in the 5xFAD Alzheimer's mouse model, with and without TBI. METHODS 12-week-old male wild type (WT) and 5xFAD mice were administered either CLIP antagonist peptide (CAP) or vehicle, once at 30 min after either sham or a lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI). Analyses included flow cytometric analysis of immune cells in dural meninges and spleen, histopathological analysis of the brain, magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, cerebrovascular analysis, and assessment of motor and neurobehavioral function over the ensuing 6 months. RESULTS 9-month-old 5xFAD mice had significantly more CLIP + B cells in the meninges compared to age-matched WT mice. A one-time treatment with CAP significantly reduced this population in 5xFAD mice. Importantly, CAP also improved some of the immune, histopathological, and neurobehavioral impairments in 5xFAD mice over the ensuing six months. Although FPI did not further elevate meningeal CLIP + B cells, it did negate the ability of CAP to reduce meningeal CLIP + B cells in the 5xFAD mice. FPI at 3 months of age exacerbated some aspects of AD pathology in 5xFAD mice, including further reducing hippocampal neurogenesis, increasing plaque deposition in CA3, altering microgliosis, and disrupting the cerebrovascular structure. CAP treatment after injury ameliorated some but not all of these FPI effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Iannucci
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Reagan Dominy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Shreya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - E Madison Arthur
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Brenda Noarbe
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Amandine Jullienne
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Margret Krkasharyan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Richard P Tobin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Aleksandr Pereverzev
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Samantha Beevers
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Lavanya Venkatasamy
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Karienn A Souza
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Daniel C Jupiter
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alan Dabney
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - M Karen Newell-Rogers
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
| | - Lee A Shapiro
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
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10
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Wang K, Chen X. Protective effect of flavonoids on oxidative stress injury in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38910339 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2345760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which is mainly caused by the damage of the structure and function of the central nervous system. At present, there are many adverse reactions in market-available drugs, which can't significantly inhibit the occurrence of AD. Therefore, the current focus of research is to find safe and effective therapeutic drugs to improve the clinical treatment of AD. Oxidative stress bridges different mechanism hypotheses of AD and plays a key role in AD. Numerous studies have shown that natural flavonoids have good antioxidant effects. They can directly or indirectly resist -oxidative stress, inhibit Aβ aggregation and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation by activating Nrf2 and other oxidation-antioxidation-related signals, regulating synaptic function-related pathways, promoting mitochondrial autophagy, etc., and play a neuroprotective role in AD. In this review, we summarised the mechanism of flavonoids inhibiting oxidative stress injury in AD in recent years. Moreover, because of the shortcomings of poor biofilm permeability and low bioavailability of flavonoids, the advantages and recent research progress of nano-drug delivery systems such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles were highlighted. We hope this review provides a useful way to explore safe and effective AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinmei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Hallam KA, Nikolai RJ, Jhunjhunwala A, Emelianov SY. Laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets for intracerebral delivery and imaging via blood-brain barrier opening and contrast-enhanced imaging. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:356. [PMID: 38902773 PMCID: PMC11191388 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound and photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging is a promising tool for in vivo visualization and assessment of drug delivery. However, the acoustic properties of the skull limit the practical application of US/PA imaging in the brain. To address the challenges in targeted drug delivery to the brain and transcranial US/PA imaging, we introduce and evaluate an intracerebral delivery and imaging strategy based on the use of laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (PFCnDs). METHODS Two specialized PFCnDs were developed to facilitate blood‒brain barrier (BBB) opening and contrast-enhanced US/PA imaging. In mice, PFCnDs were delivered to brain tissue via PFCnD-induced BBB opening to the right side of the brain. In vivo, transcranial US/PA imaging was performed to evaluate the utility of PFCnDs for contrast-enhanced imaging through the skull. Ex vivo, volumetric US/PA imaging was used to characterize the spatial distribution of PFCnDs that entered brain tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to confirm the spatial extent of BBB opening and the accuracy of the imaging results. RESULTS In vivo, transcranial US/PA imaging revealed localized photoacoustic (PA) contrast associated with delivered PFCnDs. In addition, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging confirmed the presence of nanodroplets within the same area. Ex vivo, volumetric US/PA imaging revealed PA contrast localized to the area of the brain where PFCnD-induced BBB opening had been performed. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the spatial distribution of immunoglobulin (IgG) extravasation into the brain closely matched the imaging results. CONCLUSIONS Using our intracerebral delivery and imaging strategy, PFCnDs were successfully delivered to a targeted area of the brain, and they enabled contrast-enhanced US/PA imaging through the skull. Ex vivo imaging, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the accuracy and precision of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A Hallam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert J Nikolai
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anamik Jhunjhunwala
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stanislav Y Emelianov
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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12
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Zhang A, Wengler K, Zhu X, Horga G, Goldberg TE, Lee S. Altered Hierarchical Gradients of Intrinsic Neural Timescales in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2024232024. [PMID: 38658167 PMCID: PMC11209657 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2024-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that affects millions of seniors in the United States. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is widely used to study neurophysiology in AD and its prodromal condition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The intrinsic neural timescale (INT), which can be estimated through the magnitude of the autocorrelation of neural signals from rs-fMRI, is thought to quantify the duration that neural information is stored in a local circuit. Such heterogeneity of the timescales forms a basis of the brain functional hierarchy and captures an aspect of circuit dynamics relevant to excitation/inhibition balance, which is broadly relevant for cognitive functions. Given that, we applied rs-fMRI to test whether distinct changes of INT at different hierarchies are present in people with MCI, those progressing to AD (called Converter), and AD patients of both sexes. Linear mixed-effect model was implemented to detect altered hierarchical gradients across populations followed by pairwise comparisons to identify regional differences. High similarities between AD and Converter were observed. Specifically, the inferior temporal, caudate, and pallidum areas exhibit significant alterations in both AD and Converter. Distinct INT-related pathological changes in MCI and AD were found. For AD/Converter, neural information is stored for a longer time in lower hierarchical areas, while higher levels of hierarchy seem to be preferentially impaired in MCI leading to a less pronounced hierarchical gradient. These results inform that the INT holds great potential as an additional measure for AD prediction, even a stable biomarker for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiying Zhang
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Xi Zhu
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Guillermo Horga
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Terry E Goldberg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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13
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Agostinho D, Simões M, Castelo-Branco M. Predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease: a multimodal approach. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae208. [PMID: 38961871 PMCID: PMC11220508 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Successively predicting whether mild cognitive impairment patients will progress to Alzheimer's disease is of significant clinical relevance. This ability may provide information that can be leveraged by emerging intervention approaches and thus mitigate some of the negative effects of the disease. Neuroimaging biomarkers have gained some attention in recent years and may be useful in predicting the conversion of mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. We implemented a novel multi-modal approach that allowed us to evaluate the potential of different imaging modalities, both alone and in different degrees of combinations, in predicting the conversion to Alzheimer's disease of mild cognitive impairment patients. We applied this approach to the imaging data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative that is a multi-modal imaging dataset comprised of MRI, Fluorodeoxyglucose PET, Florbetapir PET and diffusion tensor imaging. We included a total of 480 mild cognitive impairment patients that were split into two groups: converted and stable. Imaging data were segmented into atlas-based regions of interest, from which relevant features were extracted for the different imaging modalities and used to construct machine-learning models to classify mild cognitive impairment patients into converted or stable, using each of the different imaging modalities independently. The models were then combined, using a simple weight fusion ensemble strategy, to evaluate the complementarity of different imaging modalities and their contribution to the prediction accuracy of the models. The single-modality findings revealed that the model, utilizing features extracted from Florbetapir PET, demonstrated the highest performance with a balanced accuracy of 83.51%. Concerning multi-modality models, not all combinations enhanced mild cognitive impairment conversion prediction. Notably, the combination of MRI with Fluorodeoxyglucose PET emerged as the most promising, exhibiting an overall improvement in predictive capabilities, achieving a balanced accuracy of 78.43%. This indicates synergy and complementarity between the two imaging modalities in predicting mild cognitive impairment conversion. These findings suggest that β-amyloid accumulation provides robust predictive capabilities, while the combination of multiple imaging modalities has the potential to surpass certain single-modality approaches. Exploring modality-specific biomarkers, we identified the brainstem as a sensitive biomarker for both MRI and Fluorodeoxyglucose PET modalities, implicating its involvement in early Alzheimer's pathology. Notably, the corpus callosum and adjacent cortical regions emerged as potential biomarkers, warranting further study into their role in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Agostinho
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marco Simões
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory (LASI), 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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14
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Tian J, Jia K, Wang T, Guo L, Xuan Z, Michaelis EK, Swerdlow RH, Du H. Hippocampal transcriptome-wide association study and pathway analysis of mitochondrial solute carriers in Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:250. [PMID: 38858380 PMCID: PMC11164935 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as the result of the combination of the aging process, toxic proteins, brain dysmetabolism, and genetic risks. Although the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AD has been well-appreciated, the interaction between mitochondrial function and genetic variability in promoting dementia is still poorly understood. In this study, by tissue-specific transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) and further meta-analysis, we examined the genetic association between mitochondrial solute carrier family (SLC25) genes and AD in three independent cohorts and identified three AD-susceptibility genes, including SLC25A10, SLC25A17, and SLC25A22. Integrative analysis using neuroimaging data and hippocampal TWAS-predicted gene expression of the three susceptibility genes showed an inverse correlation of SLC25A22 with hippocampal atrophy rate in AD patients, which outweighed the impacts of sex, age, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4). Furthermore, SLC25A22 downregulation demonstrated an association with AD onset, as compared with the other two transcriptome-wide significant genes. Pathway and network analysis related hippocampal SLC25A22 downregulation to defects in neuronal function and development, echoing the enrichment of SLC25A22 expression in human glutamatergic neurons. The most parsimonious interpretation of the results is that we have identified AD-susceptibility genes in the SLC25 family through the prediction of hippocampal gene expression. Moreover, our findings mechanistically yield insight into the mitochondrial cascade hypothesis of AD and pave the way for the future development of diagnostic tools for the early prevention of AD from a perspective of precision medicine by targeting the mitochondria-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kun Jia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Tienju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Zhenyu Xuan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Elias K Michaelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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15
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Xu B, Ling Y, Liu L, Liu Y, Lin Y, Lyu J, Zhang Y. Potential prognostic value of CSF-targeted proteomics across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:501. [PMID: 38844858 PMCID: PMC11157758 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Core biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as Aβ42 and tau, have demonstrated high prognostic accuracy but do not fully capture the complex pathophysiology of AD. In this study, our objective was to identify novel cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers using proteomics across the entire AD continuum to predict conversion to AD and explore their involvement in AD pathogenesis. METHODS A cohort of 186 cognitively normal (CN), 127 subjective memory complaint (SMC), 79 early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), 249 late MCI (LMCI), and 132 AD individuals was analyzed, with a follow-up period of over 3 years for non-AD participants. CSF 65 peptides, as well as hippocampal and entorhinal volumes were analyzed, and cognitive function was evaluated using the 13-item cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog 13). Cox proportional hazards models and mediation analysis were performed to investigate associations and causal relationships. RESULTS During the follow-up, approximately one-fourth (146/580) of the non-AD participants progressed to AD. After adjusting for baseline diagnosis (CN to LMCI) and other variables, multivariable Cox regression analysis identified three peptides (VAELEDEK, VSFELFADK, and VVSSIEQK) as significant predictors of conversion to AD. Incorporating these three peptides into the initial model significantly improved the C-statistic from 0.82 to 0.85 for predicting AD conversion, surpassing the predictive ability of Aβ42 and P-tau. Moreover, hippocampal and entorhinal volumes mediated 30.3-53.8% of the association between the three peptides and ADAS-Cog 13 scores. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the potential of these three peptides as robust prognostic biomarker candidates for AD conversion across the entire AD continuum, with a mechanism involving the mediation of hippocampal and entorhinal volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Leiyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yujun Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yingze Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China.
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16
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Park JW, Tian Y, Kim ST, Park C, Kim YM, Chung HK, Kim KM, Jahng GH. Oligomeric amyloid-β targeted contrast agent for MRI evaluation of Alzheimer's disease mouse models. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392729. [PMID: 38895620 PMCID: PMC11184063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oligomeric amyloid beta (oAβ) is a toxic factor that acts in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may initiate the pathologic cascade. Therefore, detecting oAβ has a crucial role in the early diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of AD. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate MRI signal changes in different mouse models and the time-dependent signal changes using our novel gadolinium (Gd)-dodecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA)- ob5 aptamer contrast agent. Methods We developed an MRI contrast agent by conjugating Gd-DOTA-DNA aptamer called ob5 to evaluate its ability to detect oAβ deposits in the brain using MRI. A total of 10 control mice, 9 3xTg AD mice, and 11 APP/PS/Tau AD mice were included in this study, with the age of each model being 16 or 36 weeks. A T1-weighted image was acquired at the time points before (0 min) and after injection of the contrast agent at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 min. The analyses were performed to compare MRI signal differences among the three groups and the time-dependent signal differences in different mouse models. Results Both 3xTg AD and APP/PS/Tau AD mouse models had higher signal enhancement than control mice at all scan-time points after injection of our contrast media, especially in bilateral hippocampal areas. In particular, all Tg AD mouse models aged 16 weeks showed a higher contrast enhancement than those aged 36 weeks. For 3xTg AD and APP/PS/Tau AD groups, the signal enhancement was significantly different among the five time points (0 min, 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, and 25 min) in multiple ROI areas, typically in the bilateral hippocampus, left thalamus, and left amygdala. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that the expression of the contrast agent in different AD models demonstrates its translational flexibility across different species. The signal enhancement peaked around 15-20 min after injection of the contrast agent. Therefore, our novel contrast agent targeting oAβ has the potential ability to diagnose early AD and monitor the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Woo Park
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunan Tian
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Tae Kim
- J&Pharma, Neuroscience Research Institute, Healthcare Innovation Park, Seongnam City, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoo Park
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- J&Pharma, Neuroscience Research Institute, Healthcare Innovation Park, Seongnam City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Chung
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Min Kim
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Radiological and Medico Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen HD, Kim WK, Huong Vu G. Molecular mechanisms implicated in protein changes in the Alzheimer's disease human hippocampus. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111930. [PMID: 38554950 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the specific biochemical pathways linked to changes in proteins in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) human hippocampus. Our data demonstrate a constant rise in the expression of four proteins (VGF, GFAP, HSPB1, and APP) across all eleven studies. Notably, UBC was the most centrally involved and had increased expression in the hippocampus tissue of individuals with AD. Modified proteins in the hippocampal tissue were found to activate the innate immune system and disrupt communication across chemical synapses. Four hub proteins (CD44, APP, ITGB2, and APOE) are connected to amyloid plaques, whereas two hub proteins (RPL24 and RPS23) are related to neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The presence of modified proteins was discovered to trigger the activation of microglia and decrease the functioning of ribosomes and mitochondria in the hippocampus. Three significant microRNAs (hsa-miR-106b-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-16-5p) and transcription factors (MYT1L, PIN1, and CSRNP3) have been discovered to improve our understanding of the alterations in proteins within the hippocampal tissues that lead to the progression of AD. These findings establish a path for possible treatments for AD to employ therapeutic strategies that specifically focus on the proteins or processes linked to the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea; Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Louisiana, USA.
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Louisiana, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Giang Huong Vu
- Department of Public Health, Hong Bang Health Center, Hai Phong, Vietnam
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Guo S, Yang J. Bayesian genome-wide TWAS with reference transcriptomic data of brain and blood tissues identified 141 risk genes for Alzheimer's disease dementia. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:120. [PMID: 38824563 PMCID: PMC11144322 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) is an influential tool for identifying genes associated with complex diseases whose genetic effects are likely mediated through transcriptome. TWAS utilizes reference genetic and transcriptomic data to estimate effect sizes of genetic variants on gene expression (i.e., effect sizes of a broad sense of expression quantitative trait loci, eQTL). These estimated effect sizes are employed as variant weights in gene-based association tests, facilitating the mapping of risk genes with genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. However, most existing TWAS of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia are limited to studying only cis-eQTL proximal to the test gene. To overcome this limitation, we applied the Bayesian Genome-wide TWAS (BGW-TWAS) method to leveraging both cis- and trans- eQTL of brain and blood tissues, in order to enhance mapping risk genes for AD dementia. METHODS We first applied BGW-TWAS to the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) V8 dataset to estimate cis- and trans- eQTL effect sizes of the prefrontal cortex, cortex, and whole blood tissues. Estimated eQTL effect sizes were integrated with the summary data of the most recent GWAS of AD dementia to obtain BGW-TWAS (i.e., gene-based association test) p-values of AD dementia per gene per tissue type. Then we used the aggregated Cauchy association test to combine TWAS p-values across three tissues to obtain omnibus TWAS p-values per gene. RESULTS We identified 85 significant genes in prefrontal cortex, 82 in cortex, and 76 in whole blood that were significantly associated with AD dementia. By combining BGW-TWAS p-values across these three tissues, we obtained 141 significant risk genes including 34 genes primarily due to trans-eQTL and 35 mapped risk genes in GWAS Catalog. With these 141 significant risk genes, we detected functional clusters comprised of both known mapped GWAS risk genes of AD in GWAS Catalog and our identified TWAS risk genes by protein-protein interaction network analysis, as well as several enriched phenotypes related to AD. CONCLUSION We applied BGW-TWAS and aggregated Cauchy test methods to integrate both cis- and trans- eQTL data of brain and blood tissues with GWAS summary data, identifying 141 TWAS risk genes of AD dementia. These identified risk genes provide novel insights into the underlying biological mechanisms of AD dementia and potential gene targets for therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Guo
- Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Center for Computational and Quantitative Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Onishi Y, Yamamura Y, Hosogi M, Higashi H, Ogita K, Kinjo T, Uno K, Yoneda Y, Kuramoto N. Long-lasting increases in GABA B receptor subunit levels in hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice with a single systemic injection of trimethyltin. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29713. [PMID: 38720739 PMCID: PMC11076641 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown delayed increases in GABAB receptor (GABABR) subunit protein levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), but not in the pyramidal CA1 and CA3 regions, at 15-30 days after the systemic single administration of trimethyltin (TMT) in mice. An attempt was thus made to determine whether the delayed increases return to the control levels found in naive mice afterward. In the DG on hippocampal slices obtained at 90 days after the administration, however, marked increases were still seen in protein levels of both GABABR1 and GABABR2 subunits without significant changes in calbindin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels on immunoblotting analysis. Fluoro-Jade B staining clearly revealed the absence of degenerated neurons from the DG at 90 days after the administration. Although co-localization was invariably detected between GABABR2 subunit and GFAP in the DG at 30 days on immunohistochemical analysis, GABABR2-positive cells did not merge well with GFAP-positive cells in the DG at 90 days. These results suggest that both GABABR1 and GABABR2 subunits would be tardily and sustainably up-regulated by cells other than neurons and astrocytes in the murine DG at 90 days after a systemic single injection of TMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Onishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Misa Hosogi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Higashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Ogita
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Kinjo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Uno
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Yoneda
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kuramoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
- The Institute of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa, 140-0001, Tokyo, Japan
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Sultana R, Butterfield DA. Protein Oxidation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Brain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:574. [PMID: 38790679 PMCID: PMC11117785 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins are essential molecules that play crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and carrying out biological functions such as catalyzing biochemical reactions, structural proteins, immune response, etc. However, proteins also are highly susceptible to damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). In this review, we summarize the role of protein oxidation in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major emphasis of this review article is on the carbonylation and nitration of proteins in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The oxidatively modified proteins showed a strong correlation with the reported changes in brain structure, carbohydrate metabolism, synaptic transmission, cellular energetics, etc., of both MCI and AD brains compared to the controls. Some proteins were found to be common targets of oxidation and were observed during the early stages of AD, suggesting that those changes might be critical in the onset of symptoms and/or formation of the pathological hallmarks of AD. Further studies are required to fully elucidate the role of protein oxidation and nitration in the progression and pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsana Sultana
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
| | - D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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21
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Marier A, Dadar M, Bouhali F, Montembeault M. Irregular word reading as a marker of semantic decline in Alzheimer's disease: implications for premorbid intellectual ability measurement. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:96. [PMID: 38698406 PMCID: PMC11064305 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irregular word reading has been used to estimate premorbid intelligence in Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, reading models highlight the core influence of semantic abilities on irregular word reading, which shows early decline in AD. The primary objective of this study is to ascertain whether irregular word reading serves as an indicator of cognitive and semantic decline in AD, potentially discouraging its use as a marker for premorbid intellectual abilities. METHOD Six hundred eighty-one healthy controls (HC), 104 subjective cognitive decline, 290 early and 589 late mild cognitive impairment (EMCI, LMCI) and 348 AD participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were included. Irregular word reading was assessed with the American National Adult Reading Test (AmNART). Multiple linear regressions were conducted predicting AmNART score using diagnostic category, general cognitive impairment and semantic tests. A generalized logistic mixed-effects model predicted correct reading using extracted psycholinguistic characteristics of each AmNART words. Deformation-based morphometry was used to assess the relationship between AmNART scores and voxel-wise brain volumes, as well as with the volume of a region of interest placed in the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL), a region implicated in semantic memory. RESULTS EMCI, LMCI and AD patients made significantly more errors in reading irregular words compared to HC, and AD patients made more errors than all other groups. Across the AD continuum, as well as within each diagnostic group, irregular word reading was significantly correlated to measures of general cognitive impairment / dementia severity. Neuropsychological tests of lexicosemantics were moderately correlated to irregular word reading whilst executive functioning and episodic memory were respectively weakly and not correlated. Age of acquisition, a primarily semantic variable, had a strong effect on irregular word reading accuracy whilst none of the phonological variables significantly contributed. Neuroimaging analyses pointed to bilateral hippocampal and left ATL volume loss as the main contributors to decreased irregular word reading performances. CONCLUSIONS While the AmNART may be appropriate to measure premorbid intellectual abilities in cognitively unimpaired individuals, our results suggest that it captures current semantic decline in MCI and AD patients and may therefore underestimate premorbid intelligence. On the other hand, irregular word reading tests might be clinically useful to detect semantic impairments in individuals on the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marier
- Douglas Research Centre & Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, C.P. 6128, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mahsa Dadar
- Douglas Research Centre & Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | | | - Maxime Montembeault
- Douglas Research Centre & Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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22
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Jung YH, Jang H, Park S, Kim HJ, Seo SW, Kim GB, Shon YM, Kim S, Na DL. Effectiveness of Personalized Hippocampal Network-Targeted Stimulation in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e249220. [PMID: 38709534 PMCID: PMC11074813 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has emerged as a safe and promising intervention for Alzheimer disease (AD). Objective To investigate the effect of a 4-week personalized hippocampal network-targeted rTMS on cognitive and functional performance, as well as functional connectivity in AD. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial, which was sham-controlled and masked to participants and evaluators, was conducted between May 2020 and April 2022 at a single Korean memory clinic. Eligible participants were between ages 55 and 90 years and had confirmed early AD with evidence of an amyloid biomarker. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to receive hippocampal network-targeted rTMS or sham stimulation. Participants received 4-week rTMS treatment, with assessment conducted at weeks 4 and 8. Data were analyzed between April 2022 and January 2024. Interventions Each patient received 20 sessions of personalized rTMS targeting the left parietal area, functionally connected to the hippocampus, based on fMRI connectivity analysis over 4 weeks. The sham group underwent the same procedure, excluding actual magnetic stimulation. A personalized 3-dimensional printed frame to fix the TMS coil to the optimal target site was produced. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the change in the AD Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale test (ADAS-Cog) after 8 weeks from baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes in the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB) and Seoul-Instrumental Activity Daily Living (S-IADL) scales, as well as resting-state fMRI connectivity between the hippocampus and cortical areas. Results Among 30 participants (18 in the rTMS group; 12 in the sham group) who completed the 8-week trial, the mean (SD) age was 69.8 (9.1) years; 18 (60%) were female. As the primary outcome, the change in ADAS-Cog at the eighth week was significantly different between the rTMS and sham groups (coefficient [SE], -5.2 [1.6]; P = .002). The change in CDR-SOB (-4.5 [1.4]; P = .007) and S-IADL (1.7 [0.7]; P = .004) were significantly different between the groups favoring rTMS groups. The fMRI connectivity analysis revealed that rTMS increased the functional connectivity between the hippocampus and precuneus, with its changes associated with improvements in ADAS-Cog (r = -0.57; P = .005). Conclusions and Relevance This randomized clinical trial demonstrated the positive effects of rTMS on cognitive and functional performance, and the plastic changes in the hippocampal-cortical network. Our results support the consideration of rTMS as a potential treatment for AD. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04260724.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hee Jung
- Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungbeen Park
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Young-Min Shon
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungshin Kim
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Smart Healthcare Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Data Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Happymind Clinic, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Andreatta Maduro P, Guimarães MP, de Sousa Rodrigues M, Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto AP, da Mota Junior AA, Lima Rocha AS, Matoso JMD, Bavaresco Gambassi B, Schwingel PA. Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults. J Aging Res 2024; 2024:5527225. [PMID: 38690079 PMCID: PMC11060871 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5527225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4-66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p < 0.001). The MMSE accurately revealed MTL atrophy based on the Scheltens (p < 0.05) and Fazekas (p < 0.05) scales. At the same time, the MoCA accurately identified periventricular white matter (PWM) abnormalities according to the Fazekas scale (p < 0.05). Conclusions The MMSE and MoCA screening tools effectively identified gray and white matter brain damage in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Lower MMSE scores are associated with MTL atrophy and lesions, and lower MoCA scores are related to PWM lesions. The concurrent use of MMSE and MoCA is recommended for assessing structural changes in distinct brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andreatta Maduro
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE 50100-130, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF), Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Petrolina, PE 56304-205, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus de Sousa Rodrigues
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF), Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Petrolina, PE 56304-205, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF), Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Petrolina, PE 56304-205, Brazil
| | - Américo Alves da Mota Junior
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF), Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Petrolina, PE 56304-205, Brazil
| | - Alaine Souza Lima Rocha
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE 50100-130, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE 60430-450, Brazil
| | - Juliana Magalhães Duarte Matoso
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bavaresco Gambassi
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Management of Health Programs and Services (PPGGPSS), CEUMA University (UNICEUMA), São Luís, MA 65075-120, Brazil
| | - Paulo Adriano Schwingel
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE 50100-130, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Laboratory (LAPEDH), UPE, Petrolina, PE 56328-900, Brazil
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Ogonowski NS, García-Marín LM, Fernando AS, Flores-Ocampo V, Rentería ME. Impact of genetic predisposition to late-onset neurodegenerative diseases on early life outcomes and brain structure. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:185. [PMID: 38605018 PMCID: PMC11009228 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Most patients with late-onset neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's have a complex aetiology resulting from numerous genetic risk variants of small effects located across the genome, environmental factors, and the interaction between genes and environment. Over the last decade, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses have shed light on the polygenic architecture of these diseases, enabling polygenic risk scores (PRS) to estimate an individual's relative genetic liability for presenting with the disease. PRS can screen and stratify individuals based on their genetic risk, potentially years or even decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. An emerging body of evidence from various research studies suggests that genetic susceptibility to late-onset neurodegenerative diseases might impact early life outcomes, including cognitive function, brain structure and function, and behaviour. This article summarises recent findings exploring the potential impact of genetic susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases on early life outcomes. A better understanding of the impact of genetic susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases early in life could be valuable in disease screening, detection, and prevention and in informing treatment strategies before significant neural damage has occurred. However, ongoing studies have limitations. Overall, our review found several studies focused on APOE haplotypes and Alzheimer's risk, but a limited number of studies leveraging polygenic risk scores or focused on genetic susceptibility to other late-onset conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Ogonowski
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Luis M García-Marín
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Amali S Fernando
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Victor Flores-Ocampo
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Li Q, Wu X. Shared Manifold Regularized Joint Feature Selection for Joint Classification and Regression in Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING SOCIETY 2024; 33:2730-2745. [PMID: 38578858 DOI: 10.1109/tip.2024.3382600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, joint feature selection for predicting disease labels (classification) and estimating cognitive scores (regression) with neuroimaging data has received increasing attention. In this paper, we propose a model named Shared Manifold regularized Joint Feature Selection (SMJFS) that performs classification and regression in a unified framework for AD diagnosis. For classification, unlike the existing works that build least squares regression models which are insufficient in the ability of extracting discriminative information for classification, we design an objective function that integrates linear discriminant analysis and subspace sparsity regularization for acquiring an informative feature subset. Furthermore, the local data relationships are learned according to the samples' transformed distances to exploit the local data structure adaptively. For regression, in contrast to previous works that overlook the correlations among cognitive scores, we learn a latent score space to capture the correlations and employ the latent space to design a regression model with l2,1 -norm regularization, facilitating the feature selection in regression task. Moreover, the missing cognitive scores can be recovered in the latent space for increasing the number of available training samples. Meanwhile, to capture the correlations between the two tasks and describe the local relationships between samples, we construct an adaptive shared graph to guide the subspace learning in classification and the latent cognitive score learning in regression simultaneously. An efficient iterative optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem. Extensive experiments on three datasets validate the discriminability of the features selected by SMJFS.
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26
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Delavar A, Anbarkeh FR, Baradaran R, Arab Z, Moghaddam SHR, Hosseini M, Nikravesh MR, Nejat SS, Jalali M. The protective effect of methanolic extract of Verbascum cheiranthifolium and Biebersteinia multifida DC on hippocampus damage induced by diazinon in male Wistar rats: An experimental study. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 137:102398. [PMID: 38342332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Diazinon (DZN) an organophosphate (OP), with the most important mechanism of action of DZN being induction of oxidative stress (OS) and inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Verbascum cheiranthifolium (VER) and Biebersteinia multifida (BM) belong to the Scrophulariaceae and Biebersteiniaceae family respectively. These plants are widely used in Iranian traditional medicine due to their beneficial effects. Thus, this research aimed to appraise the protective effects of the methanolic extract of the VER and BM on changes in the level of expression of α7 and α4 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in hippocampus (HPC) of DZN-treated rats. In this research, 36 male Wistar rats were used and randomly divided into six groups: Control, DZN (40 mg/kg), VER (1 g/kg), DZN+VER (40 mg/kg+1 g/kg), BM (150 mg/kg), and DZN+BM (40 mg/kg+150 mg/kg). At the end of treatment periods, the animals of all groups underwent the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The rats were anesthetized, and blood sampling was performed. Eventually, the brain was removed for histological study and evaluation of OS parameters. The results indicated that DZN increased the extent of expression of nAChRs in the HPC and significantly inhibited cholinesterase (ChEs) activity plus OS parameters. Also, in MWM, the time to find the platform was significantly longer in the DZN group, while the time and the distance in the probe test were lower than in the control groups. VER and BM extract in the treatment groups simultaneously improved the extent of expression of nAChRs, ChEs activity, as well as the parameters of OS and spatial memory significantly. In conclusion, our results support the neuroprotective properties of VER and BM extract versus DZN in rats. Accordingly, the extracts of VER and BM may be useful as an approach for the treatment of learning disorders and memory enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Delavar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi Anbarkeh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Raheleh Baradaran
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Arab
- Neurocognitive Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Neurocognitive Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikravesh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shahin Saeidi Nejat
- School of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jalali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zota I, Chanoumidou K, Charalampopoulos I, Gravanis A. Dynamics of myelin deficits in the 5xFAD mouse model for Alzheimer's disease and the protective role of BDNF. Glia 2024; 72:809-827. [PMID: 38205694 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent findings highlight myelin breakdown as a decisive early event in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) acting as aggravating factor of its progression. However, it is still unclear whether myelin loss is attributed to increased oligodendrocyte vulnerability, reduced repairing capacity or toxic stimuli. In the present study, we sought to clarify the starting point of myelin disruption accompanied with Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell (OPC) elimination in the brain of the 5xFAD mouse model of AD at 6 months of age in Dentate Gyrus of the hippocampus in relation to neurotrophin system. Prominent inflammation presence was detected since the age of 6 months playing a key role in myelin disturbance and AD progression. Expression analysis of neurotrophin receptors in OPCs was performed to identify new targets that could increase myelination in health and disease. OPCs in both control and 5xFAD mice express TrkB, TrkC and p75 receptors but not TrkA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that binds to TrkB receptor is well-known about its pro-myelination effect, promoting oligodendrocytes proliferation and differentiation, so we focused our investigation on its effects in OPCs under neurodegenerative conditions. Our in vitro results showed that BDNF rescues OPCs from death and promotes their proliferation and differentiation in presence of the toxic Amyloid-β 1-42. Collectively, our results indicate that BDNF possess an additional neuroprotective role through its actions on oligodendrocytic component and its use could be proposed as a drug-based myelin-enhancing strategy, complementary to amyloid and tau centered therapies in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Zota
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantina Chanoumidou
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Charalampopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (IMBB-FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Sinha JK, Trisal A, Ghosh S, Gupta S, Singh KK, Han SS, Mahapatra M, Abomughaid MM, Abomughayedh AM, Almutary AG, Iqbal D, Bhaskar R, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Jha NK, Singh AK. Psychedelics for alzheimer's disease-related dementia: Unveiling therapeutic possibilities and pathways. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102211. [PMID: 38307424 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Psychedelics have traditionally been used for spiritual and recreational purposes, but recent developments in psychotherapy have highlighted their potential as therapeutic agents. These compounds, which act as potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) agonists, have been recognized for their ability to enhance neural plasticity through the activation of the serotoninergic and glutamatergic systems. However, the implications of these findings for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly dementia, have not been fully explored. In recent years, studies have revealed the modulatory and beneficial effects of psychedelics in the context of dementia, specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related dementia, which lacks a definitive cure. Psychedelics such as N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and Psilocybin have shown potential in mitigating the effects of this debilitating disease. These compounds not only target neurotransmitter imbalances but also act at the molecular level to modulate signalling pathways in AD, including the brain-derived neurotrophic factor signalling pathway and the subsequent activation of mammalian target of rapamycin and other autophagy regulators. Therefore, the controlled and dose-dependent administration of psychedelics represents a novel therapeutic intervention worth exploring and considering for the development of drugs for the treatment of AD-related dementia. In this article, we critically examined the literature that sheds light on the therapeutic possibilities and pathways of psychedelics for AD-related dementia. While this emerging field of research holds great promise, further studies are necessary to elucidate the long-term safety, efficacy, and optimal treatment protocols. Ultimately, the integration of psychedelics into the current treatment paradigm may provide a transformative approach for addressing the unmet needs of individuals living with AD-related dementia and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anchal Trisal
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida 201301, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT), Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune, Maharashtra 411057, India
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, the Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, the Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, the Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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Dzianok P, Kublik E. PEARL-Neuro Database: EEG, fMRI, health and lifestyle data of middle-aged people at risk of dementia. Sci Data 2024; 11:276. [PMID: 38453963 PMCID: PMC10920678 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Interdisciplinary approaches are needed to understand the relationship between genetic factors and brain structure and function. Here we describe a database that includes genetic data on apolipoprotein E (APOE) and phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein (PICALM) genes, both of which are known to increase the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease, paired with psychometric (memory, intelligence, mood, personality, stress coping strategies), basic demographic and health data on a cohort of 192 healthy middle-aged (50-63) individuals. Part of the database (~79 participants) also includes blood tests (blood counts, lipid profile, HSV virus) and functional neuroimaging data (EEG/fMRI) recorded with a resting-state protocol (eyes open and eyes closed) and two cognitive tasks (multi-source interference task, MSIT; and Sternberg's memory task). The data were validated and showed overall good quality. This open-science dataset is well suited not only for research relating to susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease but also for more general questions on brain aging or can be used as part of meta-analytical multi-disciplinary projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Dzianok
- Laboratory of Emotions Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kublik
- Laboratory of Emotions Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland.
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de Mello JE, Teixeira FC, Dos Santos A, Luduvico K, Soares de Aguiar MS, Domingues WB, Campos VF, Tavares RG, Schneider A, Stefanello FM, Spanevello RM. Treatment with Blackberry Extract and Metformin in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Model: Impact on Memory, Inflammation, Redox Status, Phosphorylated Tau Protein and Insulin Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04062-2. [PMID: 38430352 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural products offer promising potential for the development of new therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blackberry fruits are rich in phytochemical compounds capable of modulating pathways involved in neuroprotection. Additionally, drug repurposing and repositioning could also accelerate the development of news treatments for AD. In light of the reduced brain glucose metabolism in AD, an alternative approach has been the use of the drug metformin. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with blackberry extract in a model of AD induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and compare it with metformin treatment. Male rats were divided into groups: I - Control; II - STZ; III - STZ + blackberry extract (100 mg/kg); IV - STZ + blackberry extract (200 mg/kg) and V - STZ + metformin (150 mg/kg). The animals received intracerebroventricular injection of STZ or buffer. Seven days after the surgical procedure, the animals were treated orally with blackberry extract or metformin for 21 days. Blackberry extract and metformin prevented the memory impairment induced by STZ. In animals of group II, an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity, phosphorylated tau protein, IL-6, oxidative damage, and gene expression of GSK-3β and Nrf2 was observed in the hippocampus. STZ induced a decrease in IL-10 levels and down-regulated the gene expression of Akt1, IRS-1 and FOXO3a. Blackberry extract and metformin prevented the alterations in acetylcholinesterase activity, IL-6, GSK3β, Nrf2, and oxidative damage. In conclusion, blackberry extract exhibits multi-target actions in a model of AD, suggesting new therapeutic potentials for this neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Eisenhardt de Mello
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cardoso Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Karina Luduvico
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Mayara Sandrielly Soares de Aguiar
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Rejane Giacomelli Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Porto, Rua Gomes Carneiro 1, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑610, Brazil
| | - Francieli Moro Stefanello
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil
| | - Roselia Maria Spanevello
- Programa de Pós‑Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão S/N, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010‑900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos/Bioquímica, Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Inflamação e Câncer, Prédio 29, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, S/N, CEP 9601090, Caixa Postal 354, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Li Q, Qu Z, Jia L, Wang W. Expression and correlation of the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome and the silent information regulator 1 in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2024; 201:107338. [PMID: 38447234 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory pathway is implicated in the development of epilepsy and can be suppressed by the activation of the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). However, the expression and correlation of the NLRP3 pathway and SIRT1 in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) remain unknown. METHODS This study evaluated the histopathology of the cerebral cortex from nine patients with DRE and eight patients with cavernous haemangioma undergoing surgical treatment. It analysed the expression of the NLRP3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), caspase-1 and SIRT1 using immunohistochemistry. Additionally, the contents of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and SIRT1 in the serum samples of the included study participants were determined using ELISA method. The correlation between the NLRP3 pathway and the SIRT1 was assessed using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS The expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in the cerebral cortex of patients with DRE was elevated, with the NLRP3 expression being negatively correlated with the SIRT1 expression. Furthermore, IL-1β in serum was upregulated in patients with DRE. The correlation between the content of serum SIRT1 and NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β in patients with DRE was not significant. Notably, serum caspase-1 levels were obviously higher in patients with bilateral hippocampal sclerosis than in patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS The current results indicate that the expression of the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathway is significantly upregulated in patients with DRE and that it is partially correlated with the SIRT1 expression. This study is important for understanding the pathophysiology of DRE and developing new treatment strategies for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Qu
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, People's Republic of China.
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Chudzik A, Śledzianowski A, Przybyszewski AW. Machine Learning and Digital Biomarkers Can Detect Early Stages of Neurodegenerative Diseases. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1572. [PMID: 38475108 DOI: 10.3390/s24051572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) are devastating conditions that can develop without noticeable symptoms, causing irreversible damage to neurons before any signs become clinically evident. NDs are a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Currently, there are no cures or treatments to halt their progression. Therefore, the development of early detection methods is urgently needed to delay neuronal loss as soon as possible. Despite advancements in Medtech, the early diagnosis of NDs remains a challenge at the intersection of medical, IT, and regulatory fields. Thus, this review explores "digital biomarkers" (tools designed for remote neurocognitive data collection and AI analysis) as a potential solution. The review summarizes that recent studies combining AI with digital biomarkers suggest the possibility of identifying pre-symptomatic indicators of NDs. For instance, research utilizing convolutional neural networks for eye tracking has achieved significant diagnostic accuracies. ROC-AUC scores reached up to 0.88, indicating high model performance in differentiating between PD patients and healthy controls. Similarly, advancements in facial expression analysis through tools have demonstrated significant potential in detecting emotional changes in ND patients, with some models reaching an accuracy of 0.89 and a precision of 0.85. This review follows a structured approach to article selection, starting with a comprehensive database search and culminating in a rigorous quality assessment and meaning for NDs of the different methods. The process is visualized in 10 tables with 54 parameters describing different approaches and their consequences for understanding various mechanisms in ND changes. However, these methods also face challenges related to data accuracy and privacy concerns. To address these issues, this review proposes strategies that emphasize the need for rigorous validation and rapid integration into clinical practice. Such integration could transform ND diagnostics, making early detection tools more cost-effective and globally accessible. In conclusion, this review underscores the urgent need to incorporate validated digital health tools into mainstream medical practice. This integration could indicate a new era in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, potentially altering the trajectory of these conditions for millions worldwide. Thus, by highlighting specific and statistically significant findings, this review demonstrates the current progress in this field and the potential impact of these advancements on the global management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Chudzik
- Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science, 86 Koszykowa Street, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Śledzianowski
- Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science, 86 Koszykowa Street, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej W Przybyszewski
- Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science, 86 Koszykowa Street, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland
- UMass Chan Medical School, Department of Neurology, 65 Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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Sagheddu C, Stojanovic T, Kouhnavardi S, Savchenko A, Hussein AM, Pistis M, Monje FJ, Plasenzotti R, Aufy M, Studenik CR, Lubec J, Lubec G. Cognitive performance in aged rats is associated with differences in distinctive neuronal populations in the ventral tegmental area and altered synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1357347. [PMID: 38469164 PMCID: PMC10926450 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1357347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Deterioration of cognitive functions is commonly associated with aging, although there is wide variation in the onset and manifestation. Albeit heterogeneity in age-related cognitive decline has been studied at the cellular and molecular level, there is poor evidence for electrophysiological correlates. The aim of the current study was to address the electrophysiological basis of heterogeneity of cognitive functions in cognitively Inferior and Superior old (19-20 months) rats in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the hippocampus, having Young (12 weeks) rats as a control. The midbrain VTA operates as a hub amidst affective and cognitive facets, processing sensory inputs related to motivated behaviours and hippocampal memory. Increasing evidence shows direct dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic input from the VTA to the hippocampus. Methods Aged Superior and Inferior male rats were selected from a cohort of 88 animals based on their performance in a spatial learning and memory task. Using in vivo single-cell recording in the VTA, we examined the electrical activity of different neuronal populations (putative dopaminergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons). In the same animals, basal synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity were examined in hippocampal slices. Results Electrophysiological recordings from the VTA and hippocampus showed alterations associated with aging per se, together with differences specifically linked to the cognitive status of aged animals. In particular, the bursting activity of dopamine neurons was lower, while the firing frequency of glutamatergic neurons was higher in VTA of Inferior old rats. The response to high-frequency stimulation in hippocampal slices also discriminated between Superior and Inferior aged animals. Discussion This study provides new insight into electrophysiological information underlying compromised cerebral ageing. Further understanding of brain senescence, possibly related to neurocognitive decline, will help develop new strategies towards the preservation of a high quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sagheddu
- Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Tamara Stojanovic
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Shima Kouhnavardi
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Artem Savchenko
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ahmed M. Hussein
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Marco Pistis
- Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- Section of Cagliari, Neuroscience Institute National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francisco J. Monje
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Plasenzotti
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammed Aufy
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Studenik
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Lubec
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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Xu M, Liu J, Liu Q, Gong Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Shi S, Shi Y. Preliminary study on early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in APP/PS1 transgenic mice using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1326394. [PMID: 38419647 PMCID: PMC10899441 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1326394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has an insidious onset and lacks clear early diagnostic markers, and by the time overt dementia symptoms appear, the disease is already in the mid-to-late stages. The search for early diagnostic markers of AD may open a critical window for Alzheimer's treatment and facilitate early intervention to slow the progression of AD. In this study, we aimed to explore the imaging markers for early diagnosis of AD through the combined application of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques at the animal experimental level, with the aim to provide a certain reference for early clinical diagnosis of AD. First, sMRI scans were performed on 4-month-old amyloid beta precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) transgenic AD model mice and wild type mice of the same litter using a 7.0 T animal MRI scanner to analyze the differential brain regions with structural changes in the gray matter of the brain by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Next, rs-fMRI scans were performed to analyze the differential brain regions between groups for local spontaneous brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) between brain regions. Finally, 1H-MRS scans were performed to quantify and analyze intergroup differences in the relative concentrations of different metabolites within regions of interest (cortex and hippocampus). Compared with wild type mice, the volume of the left hippocampus, and right olfactory bulb of APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice were reduced, the functional activity of the bilateral hippocampus, right piriform cortex and right caudate putamen was reduced, the functional network connectivity of the hippocampus was impaired, and the relative content of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)in the hippocampus was decreased. In addition, this study found that imaging changes in olfactory-related brain regions were closely associated with AD diagnosis, and these findings may provide some reference for the early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jipeng Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingguo Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Gong
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyin Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shufeng Shi
- Department of Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Cell Valley Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
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Popov VA, Ukraintseva S, Duan H, Arbeev KG, Yashin AI. Prior infections are associated with smaller hippocampal volume in older women. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2024; 3:1297193. [PMID: 38707479 PMCID: PMC11067727 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2024.1297193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that infections may play a major role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, mechanism is unclear, as multiple pathways may be involved. One possibility is that infections could contribute to neurodegeneration directly by promoting neuronal death. We explored relationships between history of infections and brain hippocampal volume (HV), a major biomarker of neurodegeneration, in a subsample of the UK Biobank (UKB) participants. Infectious disease diagnoses were based on ICD10 codes. The left/right HV was measured by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in cubic millimeters and normalized. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Welch test, and regression were used to examine statistical significance. We found that HV was significantly lower in women aged 60-75, as well as 65-80, years, with history of infections, compared to same age women without such history. The effect size increased with age faster for the left vs. right HV. Results for males didn't reach statistical significance. Results of our study support a major role of adult infections in neurodegeneration in women. The detrimental effect of infections on HV became stronger with age, in line with declining resilience and increasing brain vulnerability to stressors due to aging. The faster increase in the effect size observed for the left vs. right HV may indicate that female verbal memory degrades faster over time than visual-spatial memory. The observed sex difference may reflect a higher vulnerability of female brain to infection-related factors, which in turn may contribute to a higher risk of AD in women compared to men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongzhe Duan
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research
Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Konstantin G. Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research
Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anatoliy I. Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research
Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Papazoglou A, Henseler C, Weickhardt S, Teipelke J, Papazoglou P, Daubner J, Schiffer T, Krings D, Broich K, Hescheler J, Sachinidis A, Ehninger D, Scholl C, Haenisch B, Weiergräber M. Sex- and region-specific cortical and hippocampal whole genome transcriptome profiles from control and APP/PS1 Alzheimer's disease mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296959. [PMID: 38324617 PMCID: PMC10849391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A variety of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models has been established and characterized within the last decades. To get an integrative view of the sophisticated etiopathogenesis of AD, whole genome transcriptome studies turned out to be indispensable. Here we carried out microarray data collection based on RNA extracted from the retrosplenial cortex and hippocampus of age-matched, eight months old male and female APP/PS1 AD mice and control animals to perform sex- and brain region specific analysis of transcriptome profiles. The results of our studies reveal novel, detailed insight into differentially expressed signature genes and related fold changes in the individual APP/PS1 subgroups. Gene ontology and Venn analysis unmasked that intersectional, upregulated genes were predominantly involved in, e.g., activation of microglial, astrocytic and neutrophilic cells, innate immune response/immune effector response, neuroinflammation, phagosome/proteasome activation, and synaptic transmission. The number of (intersectional) downregulated genes was substantially less in the different subgroups and related GO categories included, e.g., the synaptic vesicle docking/fusion machinery, synaptic transmission, rRNA processing, ubiquitination, proteasome degradation, histone modification and cellular senescence. Importantly, this is the first study to systematically unravel sex- and brain region-specific transcriptome fingerprints/signature genes in APP/PS1 mice. The latter will be of central relevance in future preclinical and clinical AD related studies, biomarker characterization and personalized medicinal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Weickhardt
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jenni Teipelke
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Panagiota Papazoglou
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Johanna Daubner
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Teresa Schiffer
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Damian Krings
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agapios Sachinidis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Catharina Scholl
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
| | - Britta Haenisch
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Experimental Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, BfArM), Bonn, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Herrejon IA, Jackson TB, Hicks TH, Bernard JA. Functional Connectivity Differences in Distinct Dentato-Cortical Networks in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.02.578249. [PMID: 38352603 PMCID: PMC10862898 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.02.578249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent research has implicated the cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and cerebrocerebellar network connectivity is emerging as a possible contributor to symptom severity. The cerebellar dentate nucleus (DN) has parallel motor and non-motor sub-regions that project to motor and frontal regions of the cerebral cortex, respectively. These distinct dentato-cortical networks have been delineated in the non-human primate and human brain. Importantly, cerebellar regions prone to atrophy in AD are functionally connected to atrophied regions of the cerebral cortex, suggesting that dysfunction perhaps occurs at a network level. Investigating functional connectivity (FC) alterations of the DN is a crucial step in understanding the cerebellum in AD and in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Inclusion of this latter group stands to provide insights into cerebellar contributions prior to diagnosis of AD. The present study investigated FC differences in dorsal (dDN) and ventral (vDN) DN networks in MCI and AD relative to cognitively normal participants (CN) and relationships between FC and behavior. Our results showed patterns indicating both higher and lower functional connectivity in both dDN and vDN in AD compared to CN. However, connectivity in the AD group was lower when compared to MCI. We argue that these findings suggest that the patterns of higher FC in AD may act as a compensatory mechanism. Additionally, we found associations between the individual networks and behavior. There were significant interactions between dDN connectivity and motor symptoms. However, both DN seeds were associated with cognitive task performance. Together, these results indicate that cerebellar DN networks are impacted in AD, and this may impact behavior. In concert with the growing body of literature implicating the cerebellum in AD, our work further underscores the importance of investigations of this region. We speculate that much like in psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, cerebellar dysfunction results in negative impacts on thought and the organization therein. Further, this is consistent with recent arguments that the cerebellum provides crucial scaffolding for cognitive function in aging. Together, our findings stand to inform future clinical work in the diagnosis and understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A. Herrejon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Texas A&M University
| | - T. Bryan Jackson
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Texas A&M University
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center
| | - Tracey H. Hicks
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Texas A&M University
| | - Jessica A. Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Texas A&M University
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience Texas A&M University
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Asghari K, Niknam Z, Mohammadpour-Asl S, Chodari L. Cellular junction dynamics and Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:273. [PMID: 38302794 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive neuronal damage and cognitive decline. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of not only the blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction but also significant alterations in cellular junctions in AD pathogenesis. In this review article, we explore the role of the BBB and cellular junctions in AD pathology, with a specific focus on the hippocampus. The BBB acts as a crucial protective barrier between the bloodstream and the brain, maintaining brain homeostasis and regulating molecular transport. Preservation of BBB integrity relies on various junctions, including gap junctions formed by connexins, tight junctions composed of proteins such as claudins, occludin, and ZO-1, as well as adherence junctions involving molecules like vascular endothelial (VE) cadherin, Nectins, and Nectin-like molecules (Necls). Abnormalities in these junctions and junctional components contribute to impaired neuronal signaling and increased cerebrovascular permeability, which are closely associated with AD advancement. By elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms governing BBB and cellular junction dysfunctions within the context of AD, this review offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis of AD and identifies potential therapeutic targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Asghari
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Kim JS, Kim MG, Ryu JE, Lee YB, Liu QF, Kim KK, Cho SH, Shin SJ, Koo BS, Choi HK. Effect of woohwangchungsimwon and donepezil co-treatment on cognitive function and serum metabolic profiles in a scopolamine-induced model of Alzheimer's disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117359. [PMID: 37924999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Woohwangchungsimwon (WCW) is a traditional medicine used in East Asian countries to treat central nervous system disorders. Reported pharmacological properties include antioxidant effects, enhanced learning and memory, and protection against ischemic neuronal cell death, supporting its use in treating neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). AIM OF THE STUDY The study aims to assess the effects of co-treatment with WCW and donepezil on cognitive functions and serum metabolic profiles in a scopolamine-induced AD model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured in amyloid β-peptide25-35 (Aβ25-35)-induced SH-SY5Y cells. An AD model was established in ICR mice by intraperitoneal scopolamine administration. Animals underwent the step-through passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) test. Hippocampal tissues were collected to examine specific protein expression. Serum metabolic profiles were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. RESULTS Co-treatment with WCW and donepezil increased cell viability and reduced ROS production in Aβ25-35-induced SH-SY5Y cells compared to that with donepezil treatment alone. Co-treatment improved cognitive functions and was comparable to donepezil treatment alone in the PAT and MWM tests. Pathways related to tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism were altered by co-treatment. Levels of tyrosine and methionine, major serum metabolites in these pathways, were significantly reduced after co-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Co-treatment with WCW and donepezil shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for AD and is comparable to donepezil alone in improving cognitive function. Reduced tyrosine and methionine levels after co-treatment may enhance cognitive function by mitigating hypertyrosinemia and hyperhomocysteinemia, known risk factors for AD. The serum metabolic profiles obtained in this study can serve as a foundation for developing other bioactive compounds using a scopolamine-induced mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Seop Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Gi Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Been Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Quan Feng Liu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ki Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Cho
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Shin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Cannabis Center, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Koo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Hussein RM, Kandeil MA, Soliman HM, El-Shahawy AA. Effect of quercetin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles on lipopolysaccharide-induced memory decline, oxidative stress, amyloidogenesis, neurotransmission, and Nrf2/HO-1 expression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23527. [PMID: 38169932 PMCID: PMC10758873 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders. This study examined the neuroprotective effect of quercetin (QUR)-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (QUR NANO) against the neurotoxicity induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. A QUR NANO formulation was prepared and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, entrapment efficiency (EE), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and in vitro drug release profile. Levels of glutathione, malondialdehyde, catalase, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), β-secretase, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) were measured in the mouse brain tissues. The gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were also determined. The prepared QUR NANO formulation showed 92.07 ± 3.21% EE and drug loading of 4.62 ± 0.55. It exhibited clusters of nano-spherical particles with smooth surface areas, and the loading process was confirmed. In vivo, the QUR NANO preserved the spatial memory of mice and protected the hippocampus from LPS-induced histological lesions. The QUR NANO significantly reduced the levels of malondialdehyde, iNOS, Aβ42, β-secretase, and AChE in brain tissue homogenates. Conversely, QUR NANO increased the glutathione, catalase, and GABA concentrations and upregulated the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 genes. Remarkably, the neuroprotective effect of QUR NANO was significantly greater than that of herbal QUR. In summary, the prepared QUR NANO formulation was efficient in mitigating LPS-induced neurotoxicity by reducing memory loss, oxidative stress, and amyloidogenesis while preserving neurotransmission and upregulating the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 genes. This study addresses several key factors in neuroinflammatory disorders and explores the potential of QUR-loaded nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic approach to alleviate these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M. Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Mohamed A. Kandeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hatem M. Soliman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A.G. El-Shahawy
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Egypt
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Ferré-González L, Balaguer Á, Roca M, Ftara A, Lloret A, Cháfer-Pericás C. Brain areas lipidomics in female transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:870. [PMID: 38195731 PMCID: PMC10776612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids are the major component of the brain with important structural and functional properties. Lipid disruption could play a relevant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some brain lipidomic studies showed significant differences compared to controls, but few studies have focused on different brain areas related to AD. Furthermore, AD is more prevalent in females, but there is a lack of studies focusing on this sex. This work aims to perform a lipidomic study in selected brain areas (cerebellum, amygdala, hippocampus, entire cortex) from wild-type (WT, n = 10) and APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic (TG, n = 10) female mice of 5 months of age, as a model of early AD, to identify alterations in lipid composition. A lipidomic mass spectrometry-based method was optimized and applied to brain tissue. As result, some lipids showed statistically significant differences between mice groups in cerebellum (n = 68), amygdala (n = 49), hippocampus (n = 48), and the cortex (n = 22). In addition, some lipids (n = 15) from the glycerolipid, phospholipid, and sphingolipid families were statistically significant in several brain areas simultaneously between WT and TG. A selection of lipid variables was made to develop a multivariate approach to assess their discriminant potential, showing high diagnostic indexes, especially in cerebellum and amygdala (sensitivity 70-100%, sensibility 80-100%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferré-González
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Balaguer
- Faculty of Mathematics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Roca
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana Lloret
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Etekochay MO, Amaravadhi AR, González GV, Atanasov AG, Matin M, Mofatteh M, Steinbusch HW, Tesfaye T, Praticò D. Unveiling New Strategies Facilitating the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Neuroimaging for the Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:1-20. [PMID: 38640152 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with a global impact. The past few decades have witnessed significant strides in comprehending the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and developing diagnostic methodologies for AD, such as neuroimaging approaches. Neuroimaging techniques, including positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, have revolutionized the field by providing valuable insights into the structural and functional alterations in the brains of individuals with AD. These imaging modalities enable the detection of early biomarkers such as amyloid-β plaques and tau protein tangles, facilitating early and precise diagnosis. Furthermore, the emerging technologies encompassing blood-based biomarkers and neurochemical profiling exhibit promising results in the identification of specific molecular signatures for AD. The integration of machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence has enhanced the predictive capacity of these diagnostic tools when analyzing complex datasets. In this review article, we will highlight not only some of the most used diagnostic imaging approaches in neurodegeneration research but focus much more on new tools like artificial intelligence, emphasizing their application in the realm of AD. These advancements hold immense potential for early detection and intervention, thereby paving the way for personalized therapeutic strategies and ultimately augmenting the quality of life for individuals affected by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amoolya Rao Amaravadhi
- Internal Medicine, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India
| | - Gabriel Villarrubia González
- Expert Systems and Applications Laboratory (ESALAB), Faculty of Science, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maima Matin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Mofatteh
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Harry Wilhelm Steinbusch
- Department of Cellular and Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | - Tadele Tesfaye
- CareHealth Medical Practice, Jimma Road, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Park G, Kadyan S, Hochuli N, Pollak J, Wang B, Salazar G, Chakrabarty P, Efron P, Sheffler J, Nagpal R. A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2323752. [PMID: 38444392 PMCID: PMC10936641 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder with rapidly mounting prevalence worldwide, yet no proven AD cure has been discovered. Using a multi-omics approach in a transgenic AD mouse model, the current study demonstrated the efficacy of a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MkD) on AD-related neurocognitive pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms related to the gut-microbiome-brain axis. The findings revealed that MkD induces profound shifts in the gut microbiome community and microbial metabolites. Most notably, MkD promoted growth of the Lactobacillus population, resulting in increased bacteria-derived lactate production. We discovered elevated levels of microbiome- and diet-derived metabolites in the serum as well, signaling their influence on the brain. Importantly, these changes in serum metabolites upregulated specific receptors that have neuroprotective effects and induced alternations in neuroinflammatory-associated pathway profiles in hippocampus. Additionally, these metabolites displayed strong favorable co-regulation relationship with gut-brain integrity and inflammatory markers, as well as neurobehavioral outcomes. The findings underscore the ameliorative effects of MkD on AD-related neurological function and the underlying gut-brain communication via modulation of the gut microbiome-metabolome arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwoncheol Park
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Nathaniel Hochuli
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Julie Pollak
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Philip Efron
- Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- The Gut Biome Lab, Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, College of Education, Health, and Human Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Ndukwe K, Serrano PA, Rockwell P, Xie L, Figueiredo-Pereira M. Histone deacetylase inhibitor RG2833 has therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease in females. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573348. [PMID: 38234827 PMCID: PMC10793399 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Nearly two-thirds of patients with Alzheimer's are women. Identifying therapeutics specific for women is critical to lowering their elevated risk for developing this major cause of adult dementia. Moreover, targeting epigenetic processes that regulate multiple cellular pathways is advantageous given Alzheimer's multifactorial nature. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic process heavily involved in memory consolidation. Its disruption is linked to Alzheimer's. Through our computational studies, we predicted that the investigational drug RG2833 (N-[6-(2-aminoanilino)-6-oxohexyl]-4-methylbenzamide) has repurposing potential for Alzheimer's. RG2833 is a histone deacetylase HDAC1/3 inhibitor that is orally bioavailable and permeates the blood-brain-barrier. We investigated the RG2833 therapeutic potential in TgF344-AD rats, which are a model of Alzheimer's that exhibits age-dependent progression, thus mimicking this aspect of Alzheimer's patients that is difficult to establish in animal models. We investigated the RG2833 effects on cognitive performance, gene expression, and AD-like pathology in 11-month TgF344-AD female and male rats. A total of 89 rats were used: wild type n = 45 (17 females, 28 males), and TgF344-AD n = 44 (24 females, 20 males)] across multiple cohorts. No obvious toxicity was detected in the TgF344-AD rats up to 6 months of RG2833-treatment starting at 5 months of age administering the drug in rodent chow at ∼30mg/kg of body weight. We started treatment early in the course of pathology when therapeutic intervention is predicted to be more effective than in later stages of the disease. The drug-treatment significantly mitigated hippocampal-dependent spatial memory deficits in 11-month TgF344-AD females but not in males, compared to wild type littermates. This female sex-specific drug effect has not been previously reported. RG2833-treatment failed to ameliorate amyloid beta accumulation and microgliosis in female and male TgF344-AD rats. However, RNAseq analysis of hippocampal tissue from TgF344-AD rats showed that drug-treatment in females upregulated the expression of immediate early genes, such as Arc, Egr1 and c-Fos, and other genes involved in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Remarkably, out of 17,168 genes analyzed for each sex, no significant changes in gene expression were detected in males at P < 0.05, false discovery rate < 0.05, and fold-change ≥ 1.5. Our data suggest that histone modifying therapeutics such as RG2833 improve cognitive behavior by modulating the expression of immediate early, neuroprotective and synaptic plasticity genes. Our preclinical study supports that RG2833 has therapeutic potential specifically for female Alzheimer's patients. RG2833 evaluations using other AD-related models is necessary to confirm our findings.
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Biswas R, Sripada S. Causal functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease computed from time series fMRI data. Front Comput Neurosci 2023; 17:1251301. [PMID: 38169714 PMCID: PMC10758424 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2023.1251301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivity between brain regions is known to be altered in Alzheimer's disease and promises to be a biomarker for early diagnosis. Several approaches for functional connectivity obtain an un-directed network representing stochastic associations (correlations) between brain regions. However, association does not necessarily imply causation. In contrast, Causal Functional Connectivity (CFC) is more informative, providing a directed network representing causal relationships between brain regions. In this paper, we obtained the causal functional connectome for the whole brain from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) recordings of subjects from three clinical groups: cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. We applied the recently developed Time-aware PC (TPC) algorithm to infer the causal functional connectome for the whole brain. TPC supports model-free estimation of whole brain CFC based on directed graphical modeling in a time series setting. We compared the CFC outcome of TPC with that of other related approaches in the literature. Then, we used the CFC outcomes of TPC and performed an exploratory analysis of the difference in strengths of CFC edges between Alzheimer's and cognitively normal groups, based on edge-wise p-values obtained by Welch's t-test. The brain regions thus identified are found to be in agreement with literature on brain regions impacted by Alzheimer's disease, published by researchers from clinical/medical institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Biswas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Souza-Lima J, Matsudo SM, Valdivia-Moral P, Pérez W, Drenowatz C, Zenteno JS, Ferrari G. Association between cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older from Chile: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:806. [PMID: 38053094 PMCID: PMC10696861 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies in Latin America have examined the association between cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive impairment (CI) in a nationally representative sample. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CI in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 60 years or older from Chile and to investigate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and CI. METHODS Data from the cross-sectional 2016-2017 National Health Survey of Chile, which included 2031 adults (63.7% women) was used. Body mass index, metabolic syndrome (blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose or treatment for diabetics, waist circumference, and HDL cholesterol), risk of cardiovascular disease (history and measured variables, using the Framingham risk score), tobacco use, and physical activity were measured. CI was assessed using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of CI was 12.2% at the national level. Significant differences in CI were observed by age, education level, risk of cardiovascular disease, and smoking. High risk of cardiovascular disease was associated with higher odds of CI (OR: 2.04; 95%CI: 1.20-3.45) compared to low risk. Smoking was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of CI (OR: 0.56; 95%CI: 0.36-0.87) compared to never smoking. Body mass index, metabolic syndrome, and physical activity were not associated with CI. CONCLUSIONS This study provided additional support for previous findings on the relationship between cognitive decline and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. Worse CI was associated with the group with the highest risk of cardiovascular disease, and the presence of lifestyle factors, such as obesity and physical inactivity, exacerbate this relationship, but not being a current smoker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Waldo Pérez
- Hémera Centro de Observación de la tierra, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Jorge Sapunar Zenteno
- Centro de Excelencia de Medicina Translacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile.
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Ostovan VR, Baberi N, Farokhi MR, Moezi L, Pirsalami F, Soukhaklari R, Moosavi M. Cholinergic deficit induced memory retrieval impairment and hippocampal CaMKII-alpha deregulation is counteracted by sub-chronic agmatine treatment in mice. Neurol Res 2023; 45:1091-1099. [PMID: 37733020 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2257417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain cholinergic dysfunction. Evidence suggests the impairment of memory retrieval phase in AD. It has been shown that CaMKII-α expressing neurons are selectively reduced in the hippocampus in AD brains. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of scopolamine on the memory retrieval phase and the hippocampal CaMKII-α signaling. In addition, the effect of sub-chronic administration of agmatine against scopolamine induced memory and possible hippocampal CaMKII-α deregulation was investigated in mice. Adult male NMRI mice were administered with agmatine at the doses of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg/i.p. or saline for 11 days. Acquisition and retrieval tests of passive avoidance task were performed on days 10 and 11, respectively (30 Min following agmatine treatment). Scopolamine (1 mg/kg/i.p.) was administered once, 30 Min before retrieval test. Upon completion of the behavioral tasks, the hippocampi were isolated for western blot analysis to detect the phosphorylated and total levels of CaMKII-α and beta actin proteins. The results showed that scopolamine induced memory retrieval deficit and decreased the phosphorylated level of hippocampal CaMKII-α. Sub-chronic agmatine treatment at the dose of 40 mg/kg prevented scopolamine induced memory retrieval deficit and restored the level of hippocampal phosphorylated CaMKII-α. This study suggests that hippocampal CaMKII-α might play a role in scopolamine induced amnesia and sub-chronic agmatine prevents the impairing effect of scopolamine on the retrieval phase of memory and the phosphorylation of hippocampal CaMKII-α protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Reza Ostovan
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Baberi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Reza Farokhi
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Moezi
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatema Pirsalami
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Moosavi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Mohammad Rasoolullah (PBUH) Research Tower, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Roddick KM, Schellinck HM, Brown RE. Serial reversal learning in an olfactory discrimination task in 3xTg-AD mice. Learn Mem 2023; 30:310-319. [PMID: 37977821 PMCID: PMC10750865 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053840.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Male and female 3xTg-AD mice between 5 and 24 mo of age and their B6129F2/J wild-type controls were tested on a series of 18 olfactory discrimination and reversal tasks in an operant olfactometer. All mice learned the odor discriminations and reversals to a criterion of 85% correct, but the 3xTg-AD mice made fewer errors than the B6129F2/J mice in the odor discriminations and in the first six reversal learning tasks. Many mice showed evidence of near errorless learning, and on the reversal tasks the 3xTg-AD mice showed more instances of near errorless learning than the B6129F2/J mice. There was no evidence of an age effect on odor discrimination, but there was a decrease in errorless reversal learning in aged B6129F2/J mice. In long-term memory tests, there was an increase in the number of errors made but no genotype difference. The high level of performance indicates that the mice were able to develop a "learning to learn" strategy. The finding that the 3xTg-AD mice outperformed their littermate controls provides an example of paradoxical functional facilitation in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Roddick
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Heather M Schellinck
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Rabeh N, Hajjar B, Maraka JO, Sammanasunathan AF, Khan M, Alkhaaldi SMI, Mansour S, Almheiri RT, Hamdan H, Abd-Elrahman KS. Targeting mGluR group III for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115733. [PMID: 37862967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, is essential for neuronal function, and it acts on ionotropic or metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). A disturbance in glutamatergic signaling is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases. Developing disease-modifying treatments for neurodegenerative diseases targeting glutamate receptors is a promising avenue. The understudied group III mGluR 4, 6-8 are commonly found in the presynaptic membrane, and their activation inhibits glutamate release. Thus, targeted mGluRs therapies could aid in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes group III mGluRs and their pharmacological ligands in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. Attempts to evaluate the efficacy of these drugs in clinical trials are also discussed. Despite a growing list of group III mGluR-specific pharmacological ligands, research on the use of these drugs in neurodegenerative diseases is limited, except for Parkinson's disease. Future efforts should focus on delineating the contribution of group III mGluR to neurodegeneration and developing novel ligands with superior efficacy and a favorable side effect profile for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rabeh
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Baraa Hajjar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jude O Maraka
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashwin F Sammanasunathan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Khan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif M I Alkhaaldi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samy Mansour
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rashed T Almheiri
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled S Abd-Elrahman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
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50
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Li K, Wang Y, Ni H. Hederagenin Upregulates PTPN1 Expression in Aβ-Stimulated Neuronal Cells, Exerting Anti-Oxidative Stress and Anti-Apoptotic Activities. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:932-945. [PMID: 37882913 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalently neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal damage which is associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation. Hederagenin is a triterpenoid saponin, exerting anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumoral, and neuroprotective activities. However, its role in AD progression is still obscure. The aim of this study was to explore the influences of hederagenin on Aβ-caused neuronal injury in vitro. Neuronal cells were treated with Aβ25-35 (Aβ) to establish a cellular model of AD. Cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Oxidative stress was evaluated by detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Apoptosis was investigated using TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity assays. Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 (PTPN1) was screened by bioinformatics analysis. Protein levels of PTPN1 and protein kinase B (Akt) were measured by western blotting. Hederagenin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) alone did not affect viability of neuronal cells, but relieved Aβ-induced viability reduction. Hederagenin mitigated Aβ-induced increase in ROS accumulation and decrease in SOD activity. Hederagenin attenuated Aβ-induced increase in apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity. PTPN1 was screened as a target of hederagenin against AD by bioinformatics analysis. Hederagenin treatment resisted Aβ-induced decrease in PTPN1 mRNA and protein levels in neuronal cells. PTPN1 silencing attenuated the suppressive functions of hederagenin in Aβ-stimulated oxidative stress and apoptosis. Hederagenin mitigated Aβ-induced Akt signaling inactivation by upregulating PTPN1 expression. In conclusion, hederagenin attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in neuronal cells stimulated with Aβ by promoting PTPN1/Akt signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473004, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanshi Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang, 473010, China
| | - Hongzao Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, #62 Huaihai South Road, Huai'an, 223300, China.
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