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Whitlow J, Pacelli S, Walston T, Paul A. Bioactive Hydrogel Platforms for Spatiotemporal Delivery of Baculoviruses in Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Whitlow
- BioIntel Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Settimio Pacelli
- BioIntel Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Towne Walston
- BioIntel Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA
| | - Arghya Paul
- BioIntel Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, School of EngineeringUniversity of Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA
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Paul A, Hasan A, Rodes L, Sangaralingam M, Prakash S. Bioengineered baculoviruses as new class of therapeutics using micro and nanotechnologies: principles, prospects and challenges. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 71:115-30. [PMID: 24503281 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Designing a safe and efficient gene delivery system is required for success of gene therapy trials. Although a wide variety of viral, non-viral and polymeric nanoparticle based careers have been widely studied, the current gene delivery vehicles are limited by their suboptimal, non-specific therapeutic efficacy and acute immunological reactions, leading to unwanted side effects. Recently, there has been a growing interest in insect-cell-originated baculoviruses as gene delivery vehicles for diverse biomedical applications. Specifically, the emergence of diverse types of surface functionalized and bioengineered baculoviruses is posed to edge over currently available gene delivery vehicles. This is primarily because baculoviruses are comparatively non-pathogenic and non-toxic as they cannot replicate in mammalian cells and do not invoke any cytopathic effect. Moreover, emerging advanced studies in this direction have demonstrated that hybridizing the baculovirus surface with different kinds of bioactive therapeutic molecules, cell-specific targeting moieties, protective polymeric grafts and nanomaterials can significantly improve the preclinical efficacy of baculoviruses. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in the field of bioengineering and biotherapeutics to engineer baculovirus hybrids for tailored gene therapy, and articulates in detail the potential and challenges of these strategies for clinical realization. In addition, the article illustrates the rapid evolvement of microfluidic devices as a high throughput platform for optimizing baculovirus production and treatment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Paul
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Laetitia Rodes
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Mugundhine Sangaralingam
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, Québec H3A 2B4, Canada.
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Abstract
Microencapsulation is a technique used in both controlled delivery of materials over time as well as preservation of these materials while delivery is occurring. The range of materials able to be encapsulated is variable, from drugs to living cells. The latter is described here. Electrospray microencapsulation applies a high-voltage field, through which a polymeric material is extruded. A gelling bath, comprising a cross-linking material, is used to create a stable hydrogel containing secondary substances intended for delivery. Control of extrusion parameters, such as flow rate and voltage, allows for specification of diameter and pore sizes of the microcapsules.
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Durkut S, Elçin AE, Elçin YM. In vitro evaluation of encapsulated primary rat hepatocytes pre- and post-cryopreservation at -80°C and in liquid nitrogen. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 43:50-61. [PMID: 24059456 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2013.837476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation techniques have the potential to protect hepatocytes from cryoinjury. In this study, we comparatively evaluated the viability and metabolic function of primary rat hepatocytes encapsulated in calcium alginate microbeads, in chitosan tripolyphosphate beads, and in three-layered alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA) microcapsules, before and after cryopreservation at -80°C and in liquid nitrogen (LN2) for 1 and 3 months. Findings demonstrated that LN2 was atop of -80°C in regard to preservation of viability (> 90%) and hepatic functions. LN2-cryopreserved hepatocytes encapsulated in ACA microcapsules retained metabolic function post-thawing, with > 90% of the albumin, total protein and urea syntheses activities, and > 80% of oxidative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Durkut
- Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute , Ankara , Turkey
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Paul A, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Angiogenic nanodelivery systems for myocardial therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1036:137-49. [PMID: 23807793 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-511-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite outstanding progress in the area of cardiovascular diseases, significant challenges remain in designing efficient delivery systems for myocardial therapy. Nanotechnology provides the tools to explore such frontiers of biomedical science at cellular level and thus offers unique features for potential application in the field of cardiac therapy. This chapter focuses on the methodology, based on the work done in our lab, to prepare and investigate two kinds of biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs) that can be useful for sustained delivery of single or multiple angiogenic growth factors to damaged sites, such as in myocardially infarcted heart to promote myocardial angiogenesis and reduce scar area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Paul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Moore K, Amos J, Davis J, Gourdie R, Potts JD. Characterization of polymeric microcapsules containing a low molecular weight peptide for controlled release. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2013; 19:213-226. [PMID: 23360728 DOI: 10.1017/s143192761201389x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A need exists to prolong the release of rapidly metabolized peptides of a low molecular weight, while delivering this peptide without environmental interference. Previous studies have used bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model peptide to study release characteristics from alginate microcapsules. BSA is 66 kDa in size, while the peptide of interest here, connexin-43 carboxyl-terminus mimetic peptide (αCT1), is only 3.4 kDa. Such a change in size results in a much different set of release parameters. Our overall goal is a sustained release over a 24+ h period. Prolonged application of the peptide to a wound site to investigate therapeutic effects is ideal. As a result, a diffusion method using alginate microcapsules, along with the addition of poly-l-lysine and poly-l-ornithine, has been explored. We first aimed to establish and characterize our parameters through a set of parametric tests. Variations in polymer coating, change in pH, and changes in loading ratio have previously been shown to effect release using model compounds. Here we test specific changes in these parameters to show effects on the release of αCT1. Additionally, the microcapsules were attached to several biomaterials and surgical implants by ultraviolet cross-linking to study the effectiveness of attachment and delivery. Analysis and measurements using phase contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize changes in microcapsule morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Moore
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA.
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Wilson JL, McDevitt TC. Stem cell microencapsulation for phenotypic control, bioprocessing, and transplantation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:667-82. [PMID: 23239279 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation has been utilized for decades as a means to shield cells from the external environment while simultaneously permitting transport of oxygen, nutrients, and secretory molecules. In designing cell therapies, donor primary cells are often difficult to obtain and expand to appropriate numbers, rendering stem cells an attractive alternative due to their capacities for self-renewal, differentiation, and trophic factor secretion. Microencapsulation of stem cells offers several benefits, namely the creation of a defined microenvironment which can be designed to modulate stem cell phenotype, protection from hydrodynamic forces and prevention of agglomeration during expansion in suspension bioreactors, and a means to transplant cells behind a semi-permeable barrier, allowing for molecular secretion while avoiding immune reaction. This review will provide an overview of relevant microencapsulation processes and characterization in the context of maintaining stem cell potency, directing differentiation, investigating scalable production methods, and transplanting stem cells for clinically relevant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Wilson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0535, USA
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Paul A, Chen G, Khan A, Rao VTS, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Genipin-Cross-Linked Microencapsulated Human Adipose Stem Cells Augment Transplant Retention Resulting in Attenuation of Chronically Infarcted Rat Heart Fibrosis and Cardiac Dysfunction. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:2735-51. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x637497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation has been widely acknowledged for their immense potential in regenerative medicine. In these procedures, the implanted cells need to maintain both their viability and functional properties for effective therapeutic outcomes. This has long been a subject of major concern and intensive studies. Microencapsulation of stem cells within polymeric microcapsules can be an efficient approach to achieve this goal, particularly for heart diseases. This study reports the use of biocompatible, fluorogenic genipin-cross-linked alginate chitosan (GCAC) microcapsules in delivery of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) with an aim to increase the implant retention in the infarcted myocardium for maximum clinical benefits. In vitro results show, under hypoxic conditions, the microencapsulated cells overexpressed significantly higher amount of biologically active vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We investigated on the in vivo potential using immunocompetent female rats after induction of myocardial infarction. For this, animal groups ( n = 8) received empty control microcapsules, 1.5 × 106 free male hASCs, or 1.5 × 106 microencapsulated male hASCs. Results show significant retention (3.5 times higher) of microencapsulated hASCs compared to free hASCs after 10 weeks of transplantation. Microencapsulated hASCs showed significantly attenuated infarct size compared to free hASCs and empty microcapsule group (21.6% ± 1.1% vs. 27.2% ± 3.1% vs. 33.3% ± 3.2%; p < 0.05), enhanced vasculogenesis, and improved cardiac function (fractional shortening: 24.2% ± 2.1% vs. 19.1% ± 0.5% vs. 12.0% ± 4.0%; p < 0.05). These data suggest that microencapsulated hASCs can contribute significantly to the improvement in cardiac functions. Their greater retentions exhibit reduced fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in experimental animals. However, further research is needed to fully comprehend the underlying biological and immunological effects of microencapsulated hASCs, which jointly play important roles in cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Paul
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guangyong Chen
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery and Surgical Research, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Afshan Khan
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vijayaraghava T. S. Rao
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery and Surgical Research, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Artificial Cells and Organs Research Centre Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Paul A, Shao W, Abbasi S, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. PAMAM Dendrimer-Baculovirus Nanocomplex for Microencapsulated Adipose Stem Cell-Gene Therapy: In Vitro and in Vivo Functional Assessment. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2479-88. [DOI: 10.1021/mp3000502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Paul
- Biomedical Technology and Cell
Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University,
3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Wei Shao
- Biomedical Technology and Cell
Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University,
3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sana Abbasi
- Biomedical Technology and Cell
Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University,
3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery
and Surgical Research, McGill University Health Center, 687 Pine Avenue West, Suite S8.73, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell
Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Faculty of Medicine, McGill University,
3775 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada
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Perán M, García MA, López-Ruiz E, Bustamante M, Jiménez G, Madeddu R, Marchal JA. Functionalized nanostructures with application in regenerative medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3847-3886. [PMID: 22489186 PMCID: PMC3317746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, both regenerative medicine and nanotechnology have been broadly developed leading important advances in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice. The manipulation on the molecular level and the use of several functionalized nanoscaled materials has application in various fields of regenerative medicine including tissue engineering, cell therapy, diagnosis and drug and gene delivery. The themes covered in this review include nanoparticle systems for tracking transplanted stem cells, self-assembling peptides, nanoparticles for gene delivery into stem cells and biomimetic scaffolds useful for 2D and 3D tissue cell cultures, transplantation and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Perán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén E-23071, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.); (E.L.-R.)
| | - María A. García
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada E-18014, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén E-23071, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.); (E.L.-R.)
| | - Milán Bustamante
- Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; E-Mail:
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada E-18100, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Juan A. Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada E-18100, Spain; E-Mail:
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E-18012, Spain
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-958-249-321; Fax: +34-958-246-296
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Paul A, Srivastava S, Chen G, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Functional Assessment of Adipose Stem Cells for Xenotransplantation Using Myocardial Infarction Immunocompetent Models: Comparison with Bone Marrow Stem Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2011; 67:263-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhang W, He X. Microencapsulating and Banking Living Cells for Cell-Based Medicine. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2011; 2:427-446. [PMID: 22180835 DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.2.4.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge to the eventual success of the emerging cell-based medicine such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and cell transplantation is the limited availability of the desired cell sources. This challenge can be addressed by cell microencapsulation to overcome the undesired immune response (i.e., to achieve immunoisolation) so that non-autologous cells can be used to treat human diseases, and by cell/tissue preservation to bank living cells for wide distribution to end users so that they are readily available when needed in the future. This review summarizes the status quo of research in both cell microencapsulation and banking the microencapsulated cells. It is concluded with a brief outlook of future research directions in this important field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Wong YY, Yuan S, Choong C. Degradation of PEG and non-PEG alginate–chitosan microcapsules in different pH environments. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Paul A, Binsalamah ZM, Khan AA, Abbasia S, Elias CB, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. A nanobiohybrid complex of recombinant baculovirus and Tat/DNA nanoparticles for delivery of Ang-1 transgene in myocardial infarction therapy. Biomaterials 2011; 32:8304-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Brun-Graeppi AKAS, Richard C, Bessodes M, Scherman D, Merten OW. Cell microcarriers and microcapsules of stimuli-responsive polymers. J Control Release 2011; 149:209-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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BacMam virus transduced cardiomyoblasts can be used for myocardial transplantation using AP-PEG-A microcapsules: molecular cloning, preparation, and in vitro analysis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2010:858094. [PMID: 21331169 PMCID: PMC3034997 DOI: 10.1155/2010/858094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of genetically modified cardiomyoblasts in treating damaged myocardium is well known. However, efficient delivery of these cells is of major concern during treatment. The limiting factors are the massive cell death that occurs soon after their intramyocardial transplantation into the beating heart. To address these problems, we generated recombinant baculoviruses (BacMam viruses) which efficiently transduced cardiomyoblast cells under optimized conditions. These genetically modified cells were then protected in a new polymeric microcapsule using poly-ethylene-glycol (PEG), alginate, and poly-L-lysine (PLL) polymers for efficient delivery. Results showed that microcapsules maintain cell viability and support cell proliferation for at least 30 days. The capsules exhibit strong immunoprotective potential and have high mechanical and osmotic stability with more than 70% intact capsules. The encased transduced cells showed a rapid transgene expression inside the capsule for at least 15 days. However, preclinical studies are needed to further explore its long-term functional benefits.
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Apte SS, Paul A, Prakash S, Shum-Tim D. Current developments in the tissue engineering of autologous heart valves: moving towards clinical use. Future Cardiol 2011; 7:77-97. [DOI: 10.2217/fca.10.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of tissue-engineering methods to create autologous heart valve constructs has the potential to overcome the fundamental drawbacks of more traditional valve prostheses. Traditional mechanical valves, while durable, increase the risk for endocarditis and thrombogenesis, and require the recipient to continue lifelong anticoagulant therapy. Homograft or xenograft heart valve prostheses are associated with immune reaction and progressive deterioration with limited durability. Most importantly, neither option is capable of growth and remodeling in vivo and both options place the patient at risk for valve-related complications and reoperation. These shortcomings have prompted the application of tissue-engineering techniques to create fully autologous heart valve replacements. Future clinically efficacious tissue-engineered autologous valves should be nonthrombogenic, biocompatible, capable of growth and remodeling in vivo, implantable with current surgical techniques, hemodynamically perfect, durable for the patient’s life and most importantly, significantly improve quality of life for the patient. In order to meet these expectations, the nature of the ideal biochemical milieu for conditioning an autologous heart valve will need to be elucidated. In addition, standardized criteria by which to quantitatively evaluate a tissue-engineered heart valve, as well as noninvasive analytical techniques for use in long-term animal models, will be required. This article highlights the advances, challenges and future clinical prospects in the field of tissue engineering of autologous heart valves, focusing on progress made by studies that have investigated a fully autologous, tissue-engineered pulmonary valve replacement in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer S Apte
- Division of Cardiac Surgery & Surgical Research, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada: The Royal Victoria Hospital, MUHC, Room S8–73b, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Arghya Paul
- Biomedical Technology & Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Artificial Cells & Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology & Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering & Artificial Cells & Organs Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bone marrow stem cell derived paracrine factors for regenerative medicine: current perspectives and therapeutic potential. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2010; 2011:207326. [PMID: 22046556 PMCID: PMC3195349 DOI: 10.1155/2011/207326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the past several years, there has been intense research in the field of bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC) therapy to facilitate its translation into clinical setting. Although a lot has been accomplished, plenty of challenges lie ahead. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence showing that administration of BMSC-derived conditioned media (BMSC-CM) can recapitulate the beneficial effects observed after stem cell therapy. BMSCs produce a wide range of cytokines and chemokines that have, until now, shown extensive therapeutic potential. These paracrine mechanisms could be as diverse as stimulating receptor-mediated survival pathways, inducing stem cell homing and differentiation or regulating the anti-inflammatory effects in wounded areas. The current review reflects the rapid shift of interest from BMSC to BMSC-CM to alleviate many logistical and technical issues regarding cell therapy and evaluates its future potential as an effective regenerative therapy.
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Paul A, Cantor A, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Superior Cell Delivery Features of Genipin Crosslinked Polymeric Microcapsules: Preparation, In Vitro Characterization and Pro-Angiogenic Applications Using Human Adipose Stem Cells. Mol Biotechnol 2010; 48:116-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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