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Jacobsen GE, Fernández I, Quintero MA, Santander AM, Pignac-Kobinger J, Damas OM, Deshpande AR, Kerman DH, Ban Y, Gao Z, Silva TC, Wang L, Beecham AH, McCauley JL, Burgueño JF, Abreu MT. Lamina Propria Phagocyte Profiling Reveals Targetable Signaling Pathways in Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 1:380-392. [PMID: 36061955 PMCID: PMC9438737 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E. Jacobsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Irina Fernández
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria A. Quintero
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ana M. Santander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Judith Pignac-Kobinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Oriana M. Damas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Amar R. Deshpande
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - David H. Kerman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Yuguang Ban
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Zhen Gao
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Tiago C. Silva
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Lily Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ashley H. Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jacob L. McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Juan F. Burgueño
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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2
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Hua Q, Sun Z, Liu Y, Shen X, Zhao W, Zhu X, Xu P. KLK8 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer via the activation of EMT associated with PAR1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:860. [PMID: 34552064 PMCID: PMC8458432 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidase 8 (KLK8) acts as an oncogene or anti-oncogene in various tumours, and the abnormal expression of KLK8 is involved in the carcinogenesis of several tumours. However, the role of KLK8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, the carcinogenic effect of KLK8 was determined via CCK-8 and colony formation assays in vitro and a xenograft model in nude mice in vivo. The metastasis-promoting effect of KLK8 was investigated with transwell migration and invasion assays and wound-healing assay in vitro and a metastasis model in nude mice in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic experiments were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Herein, we reported that KLK8 had a promotive effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO and SW480 cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) played an important role in the promotive effects of KLK8 on CRC. In addition, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) antagonist SCH79797 but not protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) antagonist FSLLRY-NH2 attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of KLK8-upregulated RKO and SW480 cells. PAR-1 antagonist SCH79797 reduced the tumour volume of xenograft model and decreased the metastatic nodules in the livers of metastasis model. Furthermore, SCH79797 could reverse the positive impact of KLK8 on the EMT process in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that KLK8 promoted EMT and CRC progression, and this effect might be, at least partly mediated by PAR1-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefang Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Integrated Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pingbo Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Peng Q, Shen Y, Zhao P, Cheng M, Wu Y, Zhu Y. Biomarker implication of kallikrein-related peptidases as prognostic tissue substrates of poor survival in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:260. [PMID: 32581650 PMCID: PMC7310231 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01350-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have demonstrated that the kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) exhibit aberrant expression in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and might be considered as potential prognostic biomarkers of CRC. However, inconsistent findings have been reported, which promote us to summarize the global prognostic roles of KLKs for survival in CRC patients. Methods Eligible published studies were identified by searching electronic databases with several search strategies. The patients’ baseline characteristics and survival results were extracted from enrolled studies and pooled as combined hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to estimate the effect size. Results A total of 25 and 22 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic roles of KLKs on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), respectively. KLKs overexpression was significantly associated with worse OS (pooled HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.27–1.60, P < 0.001) and short DFS (pooled HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.21–1.51, P < 0.001). Importantly, subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed the survival differences among different races and detection methods of KLKs. Furthermore, several specific members of KLKs were identified to be more significantly related to worse OS and DFS compared with other members. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that KLKs may have the potential to serve as promising biomarkers to monitor CRC prognosis and progression. The promising results concerning the utility of KLKs in clinical practice encourage the further investigation of their clinical utility applicability as tumor markers of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004 Jiangsu China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peifeng Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004 Jiangsu China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongyou Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004 Jiangsu China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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4
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of high-risk colorectal cancer (CRC) patient is key to individualized treatment after surgery and reliable prognostic biomarkers are needed identifying high-risk CRC patients. METHODS We developed a gene pair based prognostic signature that could can the prognosis risk in patients with CRC. This study retrospectively analyzed 4 public CRC datasets, and 1123 patients with CRC were divided into a training cohort (n = 300) and 3 independent validation cohorts (n = 507, 226, and 90 patients). RESULTS A signature of 9 prognosis-related gene pairs (PRGPs) consisting of 17 unique genes was constructed. Then, a PRGP index (PRGPI) was constructed and divided patients into high- and low-risk groups according to the signature score. Patients in the high-risk group showed a poorer relapse-free survival than the low-risk group in both the training cohort [hazard ratio (HR) range, 4.6, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 2.55-8.32; P < .0001] and meta-validation set (hazard ratio range, 4.09, 95% CI, 1.99-8.39; P < .0001). The PRGPI signature achieved a higher accuracy [mean concordance index (C-index): 0.6∼0.74] than a commercialized molecular signature (mean C-index, 0.48∼0.56) for estimation of relapse-free survival in comparable validation sets. CONCLUSION The gene pair based prognostic signature is a promising biomarker for estimating relapse-free survival of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shu
- Beilun People's Hospital, Ningbo
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Tong
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Xu LJ, Duan Y, Wang P, Yin HQ. MiR-199b-5p promotes tumor growth and metastasis in cervical cancer by down-regulating KLK10. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:556-563. [PMID: 29807015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MiR-199 b-5p and kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) are related to various disease processes and pathogenesis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of miR-199 b-5p and KLK10 in human cervical cancer. In the present study, we found that miR-199 b-5p was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines, and was positively correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), higher incidences of larger tumor sizes, late International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages and preoperative metastasis. Further, we found that transfecting miR-199 b-5p mimics into cervical cancer cells promoted tumor progression through enhancing the cell viability, migration, and suppressing apoptosis by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), wound healing and flow cytometry analysis. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR-199 b-5p targeted the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of KLK10. Over-expressing KLK10 reversed the role of miR-199 b-5p in accelerating cervical cancer progression. Suppressing miR-199 b-5p expressions improved apoptosis and reduced the cell viability, while the process was reversed in KLK10-knockdown cervical cancer cells. In vivo analysis verified the effects of miR-199 b-5p on promoting cervical cancer progression, accompanied with reduced KLK10 expressions. In summary, we identified that miR-199 b-5p played as a tumor promoter in cervical cancer cell growth by targeting KLK10, and miR-199 b-5p might function as a novel biomarker for diagnosis or therapeutic targets of human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Xu
- Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital to Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital to Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Center for Tumor Biotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Public Health and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
| | - Hui-Qing Yin
- Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital to Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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Adamopoulos PG, Tsiakanikas P, Scorilas A. Kallikrein-related peptidases and associated microRNAs as promising prognostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal malignancies. Biol Chem 2018; 399:821-836. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies represent a wide spectrum of diseases of the GI tract and its accessory digestive organs, including esophageal (EC), gastric (GC), hepatocellular, pancreatic (PC) and colorectal cancers (CRC). Malignancies of the GI system are responsible for nearly 30% of cancer-related morbidity and approximately 40% of cancer-related mortality, worldwide. For this reason, the discovery of novel prognostic biomarkers that can efficiently provide a better prognosis, risk assessment and prediction of treatment response is an imperative need. Human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a subgroup of trypsin and chymotrypsin-like serine peptidases that have emerged as promising prognosticators for many human types of cancer, being aberrantly expressed in cancerous tissues. The aberrant expression of KLKs in human malignancies is often regulated by KLK/microRNAs (miRNAs) interactions, as many miRNAs have been found to target KLKs and therefore alter their expression levels. The biomarker utility of KLKs has been elucidated not only in endocrine-related human malignancies, including those of the prostate and breast, but also in GI malignancies. The main purpose of this review is to summarize the existing information regarding the prognostic significance of KLKs in major types of GI malignancies and highlight the regulatory role of miRNAs on the expression levels of KLKs in these types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis G. Adamopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis , Athens GR-15701 , Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsiakanikas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis , Athens GR-15701 , Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis , Athens GR-15701 , Greece
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Shimura T, Ebi M, Yamada T, Yamada T, Katano T, Nojiri Y, Iwasaki H, Nomura S, Hayashi N, Mori Y, Kataoka H, Moses MA, Joh T. Urinary kallikrein 10 predicts the incurability of gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29247-29257. [PMID: 28418926 PMCID: PMC5438727 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current imaging modalities are not sufficient to identify inoperable tumor factors, including distant metastasis and local invasion. Hence, we conducted this study using urine samples to discover non-invasive biomarkers for the incurability of gastric cancer (GC). Urine samples from 111 GC patients were analyzed in this study. The GC cohort was categorized and analyzed according to disease stage and operability. In the discovery phase, protease protein array analysis identified 3 potential candidate proteins that were elevated in the urine of advanced GC patients compared to early GC patients. Among them, urinary kallikrein 10 (KLK10) was positively associated with tumor stage progression. Moreover, the urinary level of KLK10 (uKLK10) was significantly elevated in the urine of patients with inoperable GC compared to operable GC patients (median, 118 vs. 229; P=0.014). The combination of uKLK10, tumor location and tumor size distinguished operability of GC with an area under the curve of 0.859, 82.4% sensitivity and 86.2% specificity. Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly shorter in GC patients with high uKLK10 compared to those with low uKLK10 (hazard ratio: 3.30 [95% confidence interval, 1.58-6.90] P<0.001). Immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated a positive correlation between tumor stage and KLK10 expression in GC tissues (r=0.426, P<0.001). In addition, GC patients with high expression of pathological KLK10 (pKLK10) showed a significantly shorter DFS compared to those with low pKLK10 (hazard ratio: 3.79 [95% confidence interval, 1.27-11.24] P=0.010). uKLK10 is a promising non-invasive biomarker for the inoperability and incurability of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahide Ebi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Takahito Katano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yu Nojiri
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Marsha A Moses
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takashi Joh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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8
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El Sherbini MA, Mansour AA, Sallam MM, Shaban EA, Shehab ElDin ZA, El-Shalakany AH. KLK10 exon 3 unmethylated PCR product concentration: a new potential early diagnostic marker in ovarian cancer? - A pilot study. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:32. [PMID: 29690914 PMCID: PMC5913797 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KLK10 exon 3 hypermethylation correlated to tumor-specific lack of KLK10 expression in cancer cell lines and primary tumors. In the present study we investigate the possible role of KLK10 exon 3 methylation in ovarian tumor diagnosis and prognosis. RESULTS Qualitative methylation-specific PCR (MSP) results did not show statistically significant differences in patient group samples (normal and tumor) where all samples were positive only for the unmethylated-specific PCR except for two malignant samples that were either doubly positive (serous carcinoma) or doubly negative (Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor) for the two MSP tests. However, KLK10 exon 3 unmethylated PCR product concentration (ng/μl) showed statistically significant differences in benign and malignant patient group samples; mean ± SD (n): tumor: 0.077 ± 0.035 (14) and 0.047 ± 0.021 (15), respectively, p-value = 0.011; and normal: 0.094 ± 0.039 (7) and 0.046 ± 0.027 (6), respectively, p-value = 0.031. Moreover, ROC curve analysis of KLK10 exon 3 unmethylated PCR product concentration in overall patient group samples showed good diagnostic ability (AUC = 0.778; p-value = 0.002). Patient survival (living and died) showed statistically significant difference according to preoperative serum CA125 concentration (U/ml); median (n): 101.25 (10) and 1252 (5), respectively, p-value = 0.037, but not KLK10 exon 3 unmethylated PCR product concentration (ng/μl) in overall malignant patient samples; mean ± SD (n): 0.042 ± 0.015 (14) and 0.055 ± 0.032 (7), p-value = 0.228. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on KLK10 exon 3 unmethylated PCR product concentration as potential early epigenetic diagnostic marker in primary ovarian tumors. Taken into account the limitations in our study (small sample size and semi-quantitative PCR product analysis) further studies are strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A El Sherbini
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Amal A Mansour
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha M Sallam
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emtiaz A Shaban
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Amr H El-Shalakany
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Tang L, Long Z, Zhao N, Feng G, Guo X, Yu M. NES1/KLK10 promotes trastuzumab resistance via activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6398-6407. [PMID: 29231994 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Trastuzumab, a humanized antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), exhibits remarkable therapeutic efficacy against HER2-positive gastric cancer. Acquired resistance to trastuzumab remains a barrier to patient survival and the mechanisms underlying this are still not well understood. The normal epithelial cell-specific-1 (NES1) gene, also named as KLK10, is recognized as a potential therapeutic target for reversing trastuzumab resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the potential role of KLK10 in trastuzumab resistance (TR) gastric cancer cells. We found that KLK10 was significantly upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant cell lines, SGC7901-TR and BGC-823-TR. In addition, down regulation of KLK10 reversed the resistance in trastuzumab resistant cells. Overexpression of KLK10 induced trastuzumab resistance, and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while downregulation of KLK10 presented the opposite effects. Moreover, when the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was inhibited, the effect of KLK10 on resistance was diminished. Furthermore, combination of trastuzumab and PI3K/AKT inhibitor XL147 effectively inhibited tumor growth in KLK10-overexpressing xenografts. Taken together, our findings show that KLK10 promotes trastuzumab resistance, at least in part, through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that KLK10 is a potentially target to overcome trastuzumab resistance, and the combination might overcome trastuzumab resistance in KLK10-overexpressed gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiqin Tang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguo Long
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjia Feng
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhi Guo
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghua Yu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Pudong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wu Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Gong Y, Liu X, Bi L, Hu C. Upregulation of kallikrein-related peptidase 5 is associated with the malignant behavior of colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2164-70. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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11
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Abdel-Rahman WM, Lotsari-Salomaa JE, Kaur S, Niskakoski A, Knuutila S, Järvinen H, Mecklin JP, Peltomäki P. The Role of Chromosomal Instability and Epigenetics in Colorectal Cancers Lacking β-Catenin/TCF Regulated Transcription. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2016; 2016:6089658. [PMID: 27047543 PMCID: PMC4800109 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6089658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
All colorectal cancer cell lines except RKO displayed active β-catenin/TCF regulated transcription. This feature of RKO was noted in familial colon cancers; hence our aim was to dissect its carcinogenic mechanism. MFISH and CGH revealed distinct instability of chromosome structure in RKO. Gene expression microarray of RKO versus 7 colon cancer lines (with active Wnt signaling) and 3 normal specimens revealed 611 differentially expressed genes. The majority of the tested gene loci were susceptible to LOH in primary tumors with various β-catenin localizations as a surrogate marker for β-catenin activation. The immunohistochemistry of selected genes (IFI16, RGS4, MCTP1, DGKI, OBCAM/OPCML, and GLIPR1) confirmed that they were differentially expressed in clinical specimens. Since epigenetic mechanisms can contribute to expression changes, selected target genes were evaluated for promoter methylation in patient specimens from sporadic and hereditary colorectal cancers. CMTM3, DGKI, and OPCML were frequently hypermethylated in both groups, whereas KLK10, EPCAM, and DLC1 displayed subgroup specificity. The overall fraction of hypermethylated genes was higher in tumors with membranous β-catenin. We identified novel genes in colorectal carcinogenesis that might be useful in personalized tumor profiling. Tumors with inactive Wnt signaling are a heterogeneous group displaying interaction of chromosomal instability, Wnt signaling, and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sippy Kaur
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Niskakoski
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Knuutila
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Heikki Järvinen
- Second Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Jukka-Pekka Mecklin
- Department of Surgery, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, 40620 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Peltomäki
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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12
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The kallikrein-related peptidase family: Dysregulation and functions during cancer progression. Biochimie 2015; 122:283-99. [PMID: 26343558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death with 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2012. Despite the progress made in cancer therapies, neoplastic diseases are still a major therapeutic challenge notably because of intra- and inter-malignant tumour heterogeneity and adaptation/escape of malignant cells to/from treatment. New targeted therapies need to be developed to improve our medical arsenal and counter-act cancer progression. Human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are secreted serine peptidases which are aberrantly expressed in many cancers and have great potential in developing targeted therapies. The potential of KLKs as cancer biomarkers is well established since the demonstration of the association between KLK3/PSA (prostate specific antigen) levels and prostate cancer progression. In addition, a constantly increasing number of in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the functional involvement of KLKs in cancer-related processes. These peptidases are now considered key players in the regulation of cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, chemo-resistance, and importantly, in mediating interactions between cancer cells and other cell populations found in the tumour microenvironment to facilitate cancer progression. These functional roles of KLKs in a cancer context further highlight their potential in designing new anti-cancer approaches. In this review, we comprehensively review the biochemical features of KLKs, their functional roles in carcinogenesis, followed by the latest developments and the successful utility of KLK-based therapeutics in counteracting cancer progression.
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Alexopoulou DK, Kontos CK, Christodoulou S, Papadopoulos IN, Scorilas A. KLK11 mRNA expression predicts poor disease-free and overall survival in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Biomark Med 2015; 8:671-85. [PMID: 25123036 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated expression of several KLK family members has been observed in colorectal adenocarcinoma. In the present study, the prognostic value of KLK11 mRNA expression as a molecular tissue biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma was examined. MATERIALS & METHODS Using quantitative real-time PCR, KLK11 mRNA expression was studied in 120 cancerous and 41 paired noncancerous colorectal specimens obtained from 120 patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma. RESULTS A significant upregulation of KLK11 transcripts in colorectal tumors was observed. KLK11 mRNA expression was associated with the depth of tumor invasion and the histological grade. Furthermore, KLK11 mRNA expression predicted poor disease-free and overall survival, independently of patient gender, age, tumor size, location, histological subtype, grade, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, TNM stage, radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment. CONCLUSION KLK11 mRNA expression could be considered as a new molecular prognostic biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma, with additional prognostic value in patients with highly invasive tumors and/or positive lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra K Alexopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece
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14
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Li L, Xu N, Fan N, Meng Q, Luo W, Lv L, Ma W, Liu X, Liu L, Xu F, Wang H, Mao W, Li Y. Upregulated KLK10 inhibits esophageal cancer proliferation and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in vitro. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2325-32. [PMID: 26479703 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) gene has tumor-suppressive function in various types of human cancer. However, previous studies showed that KLK10 also acts as an oncogene and is upregulated in gastrointestinal tumors. The role of KLK10 in human esophageal cancer (EC) remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of KLK10 in human esophageal and non-esophageal cancer tissues was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis were utilized to detect KLK10 mRNA and protein expression in human esophageal cancer cell lines (TE-1 and Eca-109). Small interference RNA was utilized to specifically knockdown KLK10 expression in Eca-109 and TE-1 cells. Cell proliferation, cell cycle analysis as well as CDDP-dependent apoptosis were determined using a CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The results showed that, KLK10 was positive in 67 out of 83 (80.72%) human EC and positive in 3 out of 11 (27.27%) normal tissues (P=0.001). The present study indicated that KLK10 potentially plays a crucial role in Eca-109 cell growth. Additionally, the downregulation of KLK10 induced S-phase arrest and promoted cisplatin-induced apoptosis. The resutls of the present study suggested that KLK10 is a promising novel marker for the diagnostic and therapeutic target of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ning Fan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Qingchun Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anshan City Cancer Hospital, Anshan, Liaoning 114000, P.R. China
| | - Wenchao Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lijia Lv
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Huaxin Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Mao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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15
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Yang Y, Zhou QJ, Chen XQ, Yan BL, Guo XL, Zhang HL, Du AF. Profiling of differentially expressed genes in sheep T lymphocytes response to an artificial primary Haemonchus contortus infection. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:235. [PMID: 25903558 PMCID: PMC4406218 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haemonchus contortus is a common bloodsucking nematode causing widespread economic loss in agriculture. Upon H. contortus infection, a series of host responses is elicited, especially those related to T lymphocyte immunity. Existing studies mainly focus on the general immune responses of sheep T lymphocyte to H. contortus, lacking investigations at the molecular level. The objective of this study was to obtain a systematic transcriptional profiling of the T lymphocytes in H. contortus primary-infected sheep. METHODS Nematode-free sheep were orally infected once with H. contortus L3s. T lymphocyte samples were collected from the peripheral blood of 0, 3, 30 and 60 days post infection (dpi) infected sheep. Microarrays were used to compare gene transcription levels between samples. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to validate the microarray data. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis were utilized for the annotation of differentially expressed genes. RESULTS Our microarray data was consistent with qPCR results. From microarrays, 853, 242 and 42 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the 3d vs. 0d, 30d vs. 0d and 60d vs. 0d comparison groups, respectively. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these genes were involved in metabolism, signaling, cell growth and immune system processes. Functional analysis of significant differentially expressed genes, such as SLC9A3R2, ABCB9, COMMD4, SUGT1, FCER1G, GSK3A, PAK4 and FCER2, revealed a crucial association with cellular homeostasis maintenance and immune response. Our data suggested that maintaining both effective immunological response and natural cellular activity are important for T lymphocytes in fighting against H. contortus infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a substantial list of candidate genes in sheep T lymphocytes response to H. contortus infection, and contribute novel insights into a general immune response upon infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qian-Jin Zhou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Xue-Qiu Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Bao-Long Yan
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xiao-Lu Guo
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Hong-Li Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang center for animal disease control and prevention, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Ai-Fang Du
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Grin A, Samaan S, Tripathi M, Rotondo F, Kovacs K, Bassily MN, Yousef GM. Evaluation of human tissue kallikrein-related peptidases 6 and 10 expression in early gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2014; 46:541-8. [PMID: 25649006 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Kallikreins are a family of serine proteases that are linked to malignancy of different body organs with potential clinical utility as tumor markers. In this study, we investigated kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) and KLK10 expression in early gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma and Barrett esophagus (BE) with and without dysplasia. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly increased KLK6 expression in early invasive cancer compared with dysplastic (P = .009) and nondysplastic BE (P = .0002). There was a stepwise expression increase from metaplasia to dysplasia and invasive tumors. Significantly higher KLK10 was seen in dysplastic lesions compared with metaplasia but not between dysplastic lesions and invasive cancers. KLK6 staining intensity was increased at the invasive front (P = .006), suggesting its role in tumor invasiveness. Neither KLK6 nor KLK10 was significantly associated with other prognostic markers, including depth of invasion, indicating their potential as independent biomarkers. Our results should be interpreted with caution due to limited sample size. There was a significant correlation between KLK6 and KLK10 expression both at the invasive front and within the main tumor, indicating a collaborative effect. We then compared KLK6 and KLK10 messenger RNA expression between metaplastic and cancerous tissues in an independent data set of esophageal carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas. KLK6 and KLK10 may be useful markers and potential therapeutic targets in gastroesophageal junction tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Grin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sara Samaan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Monika Tripathi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Fabio Rotondo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Kalman Kovacs
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Mena N Bassily
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Menoufiya University, Menufia 32511, Egypt
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, M5B 1W8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Canada.
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17
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Xu CH, Zhang Y, Yu LK. The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum human kallikrein-related peptidases 11 in non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5199-203. [PMID: 24510347 PMCID: PMC4053595 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum human kallikrein-related peptidases 11 (KLK11) level in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Serum specimens from 138 patients with NSCLC and 40 healthy controls were collected. The concentration of KLK11 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The concentration of KLK11 in NSCLC was significantly higher compared to that in the controls (P<0.01). The serum KLK11 levels decreased with stage, presence of lymph node, and distant metastases, regardless of histology, age, and sex. With a cutoff point of 1.05 ng/ml, KLK11 showed a good diagnostic performance for NSCLC. Univariate analysis revealed that NSCLC patients with serum high KLK11 had a longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) than those with low KLK11 (HR of 0.36, P=0.002; HR of 0.46, P=0.009). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that KLK11 was an independent prognostic indicator of PFS and OS (HR of 0.53, P=0.042; HR of 0.48, P=0.037). Kaplan-Meier survival curves further confirmed that patients with high KLK11 have longer PFS and OS (P=0.003 and P=0.018, respectively). In conclusion, the measurement of KLK11 might be a useful diagnostic and prognostic test for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Chest Hospital, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
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18
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Kallikrein-related peptidase-6 (KLK6) mRNA expression is an independent prognostic tissue biomarker of poor disease-free and overall survival in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:4673-85. [PMID: 24430362 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the family of tissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases possess important prognostic value in cancer. Moreover, the oncogenic role of kallikrein-related peptidase-6 (KLK6) in colorectal cancer has been well documented so far. This study investigated the prognostic value of KLK6 mRNA expression as a molecular tissue biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma. For this purpose, KLK6 mRNA expression was studied in 110 primary colorectal adenocarcinomas and 39 paired noncancerous colorectal specimens. A dramatic upregulation of KLK6 mRNA expression was observed in colorectal tumors. KLK6 mRNA overexpression was associated with high depth of tumor invasion, presence of distant metastases, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage of patients. Furthermore, KLK6 mRNA expression was shown to predict poor disease-free and overall survival independently of patient gender, age, tumor size, location, histological subtype, grade, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, TNM stage, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy treatment. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that colorectal adenocarcinoma patients with negative regional lymph nodes (N0) and those without distant metastases (M0) harboring KLK6 mRNA-positive colorectal tumors tended to relapse and die earlier than N0 and M0 patients with KLK6 mRNA-negative colorectal adenocarcinoma. Thus, KLK6 mRNA expression could be considered as an independent, unfavorable molecular prognostic biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma, with additional prognostic value in patients without regional or distant metastases.
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Zhu XL, Liu WZ, Rao XF, Yuan S. Clinical significance of KLK10 and HER-2/neu expression in colon cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:4050-4055. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i35.4050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of kallikreins10 (KLK10) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) in colon cancer and analyze the correlation of KLK10 and HER-2 expression with clinical and pathological parameters of colon cancer.
METHODS: Sixty-seven colon cancer specimens, 10 colorectal adenoma specimens and 10 normal colon tissue specimens were used in the study. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect KLK10 and HER-2/neu expression in these specimens. The correlation of KLK10 and HER-2/neu expression with clinical and pathological parameters of colon cancer was analyzed.
RESULTS: KLK10 and HER-2/neu expression levels were significantly higher in colon cancer than in colorectal adenoma specimens and normal colon tissue specimens (all P < 0.05). KLK10 expression in colon cancer was correlated positively with TNM stage, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05), but not with age, sex, tumor size, pathological type, or distant metastasis (all P > 0.05). HER-2/neu expression in colon cancer was correlated positively with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), but not with age, sex, tumor size, pathological type, distant metastasis or differentiation degree (all P > 0.05). KLK10 expression was correlated positively with HER-2/neu expression in colon cancer (r = 0.260, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: KLK10 and HER-2/neu may play a critical role in the development, progression, metastasis and angiogenesis of colon cancer. KLK10 and HER-2/neu expression can be used as important prognostic factors for colon cancer.
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20
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Sun YV, Lazarus A, Smith JA, Chuang YH, Zhao W, Turner ST, Kardia SLR. Gene-specific DNA methylation association with serum levels of C-reactive protein in African Americans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73480. [PMID: 23977389 PMCID: PMC3747126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A more thorough understanding of the differences in DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles in populations may hold promise for identifying molecular mechanisms through which genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to human diseases. Inflammation is a key molecular mechanism underlying several chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, and it affects DNAm profile on both global and locus-specific levels. To understand the impact of inflammation on the DNAm of the human genome, we investigated DNAm profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes from 966 African American participants in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) study. By testing the association of DNAm sites on CpG islands of over 14,000 genes with C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory biomarker of cardiovascular disease, we identified 257 DNAm sites in 240 genes significantly associated with serum levels of CRP adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and smoking status, and corrected for multiple testing. Of the significantly associated DNAm sites, 80.5% were hypomethylated with higher CRP levels. The most significant Gene Ontology terms enriched in the genes associated with the CRP levels were immune system process, immune response, defense response, response to stimulus, and response to stress, which are all linked to the functions of leukocytes. While the CRP-associated DNAm may be cell-type specific, understanding the DNAm association with CRP in peripheral blood leukocytes of multi-ethnic populations can assist in unveiling the molecular mechanism of how the process of inflammation affects the risks of developing common disease through epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
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21
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Alexopoulou DK, Papadopoulos IN, Scorilas A. Clinical significance of kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK10) mRNA expression in colorectal cancer. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1453-61. [PMID: 23499583 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the three most common cancers in both genders. Even though several biomarkers are in use in diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, they are marred by limited specificity and sensitivity. The human kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) gene is a member of the human tissue kallikrein family. Because prostate specific antigen (PSA), the best biomarker for detecting and monitoring prostate cancer, is a member of this family, many other members, including KLK10, have been widely examined as novel biomarkers for different cancer types. In previous studies, KLK10 has been proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian carcinoma, while its methylation on exon 3 has been proposed as a prognostic marker for early-stage breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to analyse KLK10 mRNA expression and examine its prognostic value and potential clinical application as a novel molecular tissue biomarker in CRC. DESIGN AND METHODS The study group consisted of 190 colorectal samples. Total RNA was extracted from pulverised tissues and cDNA was prepared by reverse transcription. KLK10 was amplified by real-time PCR. B2M was used as a reference gene and HT-29 cells as positive control. RESULTS KLK10 expression was significantly higher in cancer tissues (P<0.001). Tumours of advanced TNM and Dukes' stage showed high KLK10 expression status (P=0.036; P=0.025). Patients with high KLK10 expression had a shorter disease-free and overall survival rates (P=0.014; P=0.020). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that KLK10 may serve as a new marker of unfavourable prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra K Alexopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Athens, Athens GR-15701, Greece
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Kontos CK, Mavridis K, Talieri M, Scorilas A. Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) in gastrointestinal cancer: mechanistic and clinical aspects. Thromb Haemost 2013; 110:450-7. [PMID: 23446315 DOI: 10.1160/th12-11-0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The human tissue kallikrein (KLK1) and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are secreted serine proteases with diverse expression patterns and physiological roles in different systems, including the digestive system. The aberrant expression of KLKs in gastrointestinal malignancies as well as their implication in carcinogenesis including cell growth regulation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis, has prompted scientists to investigate their potential as cancer biomarkers. Expression of distinct KLKs is associated with various clinic-pathological parameters of patients with gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and esophageal cancer. Moreover, several KLKs possess significant favourable or unfavourable prognostic value in these human malignancies. Identification of novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers will contribute utmost to clinical decision-making, since early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer and early detection of recurrence following surgery are critical for the effective treatment of patients and for a positive clinical outcome. The current review provides a brief overview of the functional role of KLKs in gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and esophageal cancer, and describes the current status of KLKs as potential tumour biomarkers in these human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Kontos
- Assoc. Professor Andreas Scorilas, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15701, Greece, Tel.: +30 210 727 4306, Fax: +30 210 727 4158, E-mail:
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Wang YY, Lin YC, Hung HC, Tien WY, Shieh TY. Polymorphisms in Kallikrein7 and 10 genes and oral cancer risks in Taiwan betel quid chewers and smokers. Oral Dis 2013; 19:824-32. [PMID: 23413953 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between mRNA levels, polymorphisms of Kallikrein7 (KLK7) and Kallikrein10 (KLK10), and the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 217 OSCC patients and 138 healthy controls. All were men, betel quid chewers, cigarette smokers, and Minnan ethnicity. Genotyping was performed using a TaqMan probe genotyping assay. Gene expression levels were determined using real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for 20 pairs of cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. RESULTS Kallikrein10 rs3745535G>T polymorphisms were significantly associated with OSCC development [adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.02-2.59], but KLK7 polymorphisms were not. The KLK7 rs10581213(wt/ins + ins/ins) genotypes were significantly associated with early-stage cancer (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.14-0.78), but KLK10 polymorphisms were not. Relative expression analysis indicated that an increase in KLK7 and KLK10 mRNA levels was found in cancerous tissues (2(-ΔΔCT) = 25.23 ± 8.85 and 10.89 ± 4.97, respectively). A significantly higher level of KLK7 was expressed in early-stage cancer with the rs10581213(wt/ins + ins/ins) genotypes, but there was no significant difference in the mRNA levels of KLK7 and KLK10 between early- and advanced-stage cancers. CONCLUSIONS This is the first correlation of OSCC with KLK10 rs3745535G>T polymorphisms. Early-stage OSCC and high KLK7 mRNA levels were correlated with the rs10581213(wt/ins + ins/ins) genotypes. More studies with large sample sizes are needed to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Wang
- School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Gröger CJ, Grubinger M, Waldhör T, Vierlinger K, Mikulits W. Meta-analysis of gene expression signatures defining the epithelial to mesenchymal transition during cancer progression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51136. [PMID: 23251436 PMCID: PMC3519484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a crucial event during cancer progression and dissemination. EMT is the conversion of carcinoma cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype that associates with a higher cell motility as well as enhanced chemoresistance and cancer stemness. Notably, EMT has been increasingly recognized as an early event of metastasis. Numerous gene expression studies (GES) have been conducted to obtain transcriptome signatures and marker genes to understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying EMT. Yet, no meta-analysis considering the multitude of GES of EMT has been performed to comprehensively elaborate the core genes in this process. Here we report the meta-analysis of 18 independent and published GES of EMT which focused on different cell types and treatment modalities. Computational analysis revealed clustering of GES according to the type of treatment rather than to cell type. GES of EMT induced via transforming growth factor-β and tumor necrosis factor-α treatment yielded uniformly defined clusters while GES of models with alternative EMT induction clustered in a more complex fashion. In addition, we identified those up- and downregulated genes which were shared between the multitude of GES. This core gene list includes well known EMT markers as well as novel genes so far not described in this process. Furthermore, several genes of the EMT-core gene list significantly correlated with impaired pathological complete response in breast cancer patients. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides a comprehensive survey of available EMT expression signatures and shows fundamental insights into the mechanisms that are governing carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Gröger
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Grubinger
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Waldhör
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre of Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Kontos CK, Chantzis D, Papadopoulos IN, Scorilas A. Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) mRNA predicts short-term relapse in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Cancer Lett 2012. [PMID: 23201139 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The members of the kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family are aberrantly expressed in cancer, including colorectal adenocarcinoma. KLK4 is an endogenous activator of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) in HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, inducing PAR1 signaling and subsequent ERK1/2 activation. The aim of this study was to analyze KLK4 mRNA expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma and to examine its prognostic value as a novel molecular tissue biomarker in this malignancy. Therefore, total RNA was isolated from primary tumors of 81 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients, cDNA was prepared, and KLK4 mRNA expression analysis was performed using quantitative real-time PCR. KLK4 mRNA was significantly associated with the Dukes stage, tumor invasion, size, and histological grade. Survival analysis demonstrated that KLK4 mRNA expression constitutes an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma, predicting poor disease-free survival (DFS), independently of the nodal status and tumor size. Furthermore, KLK4 mRNA predicts short-term relapse of lymph node-negative patients or those with tumors of early Dukes stage. In conclusion, KLK4 mRNA expression can be regarded as a novel potential tissue biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos K Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Evaluation and prognostic significance of human tissue kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) in colorectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1209-14. [PMID: 22437349 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is assessed through conventional clinicopathological parameters, which are not always accurate. Members of the human kallikrein-related peptidases gene family represent potential cancer biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of human tissue kallikrein-related peptidase 10 (KLK10) by immunohistochemistry in CRC, to correlate this expression with various histopathological and clinical variables, and to evaluate its significance as a predictor of disease outcome. KLK10 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and a combined expression score was calculated for each case based on intensity and percentage of positivity. A statistically significant positive association was observed between KLK10 and tumor stage and liver metastases (p = 0.015 and p = 0.035, respectively). Paradoxically, a negative association was observed between KLK10 and tumor grade (p = 0.009). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and univariate analysis showed that both KLK10 expression and stage had statistically significant correlations with disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.030 and p < 0.001, respectively) and overall survival (p = 0.010 and p = 0.001, respectively). Cox multivariate analysis showed that both KLK10 expression and stage were independent predictors of unfavorable DFS (p = 0.057 and p = 0.001, respectively) and overall survival (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, KLK10 immunostaining is an independent prognostic marker in patients with CRC.
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Lu H, Huang J, Li G, Ge K, Wu H, Huang Q. Expression, purification and characterization of recombinant human serine proteinase inhibitor Kazal-type 6 (SPINK6) in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 82:144-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Human kallikrein-related peptidase 12 (KLK12) splice variants expression in breast cancer and their clinical impact. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1075-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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