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Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Mansoori R, Hosseini SM, Abolhosseini A, Khosravi S, Moghadamnia AA, Kazemi S. The effect of melatonin on capecitabine-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271231223506. [PMID: 38179616 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231223506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capecitabine (CAPE), an antimetabolite chemotherapy, can induce hepatic and renal toxicity. Melatonin (MEL), a neurohormone, possesses antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the impact of MEL on capecitabine-induced hepatic and renal toxicity. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-five male Wistar rats were categorized into five groups for the study. The groups included a control group, MEL10 group (rats receiving daily intraperitoneal injections of 5 mg/kg MEL), CAPE 500 group (rats receiving weekly intraperitoneal injections of 500 mg/kg CAPE), CAPE + MEL five group, and CAPE + MEL 10 group. All groups were treated for a duration of 6 weeks. Various hematological, serological, biochemical, and histopathological assessments were conducted to evaluate the objective of the study. RESULTS The administration of CAPE led to significant liver and kidney toxicity, as evidenced by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), as well as serological markers including AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, and creatinine. CAPE exposure also resulted in a reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Histological examination revealed hyperemia in both liver and kidney tissues exposed to CAPE. However, treatment with MEL demonstrated positive effects. MEL administration alleviated oxidative stress, reduced levels of liver enzymes, BUN, and creatinine, and ameliorated histopathological degenerations. MEL also increased GPx and TAC levels. Moreover, MEL treatment aided in restoring the body weight that was lost due to CAPE exposure. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the administration of MEL in rats significantly enhanced the hepatic and renal toxicity induced by CAPE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Mansoori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Ali Abolhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Sahar Khosravi
- Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
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2
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Ahmad Ansari M, Shahid M, Ahmad SF, Ahmad A, Alanazi A, Malik A, Bin Jardan YA, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Raish M. Sinapic acid alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via Nrf2/HO-1 signalling. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1351-1359. [PMID: 37333019 PMCID: PMC10275981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a DNA analogue broadly used in chemotherapy, though treatment-associated nephrotoxicity limits its widespread clinical use. Sinapic acid (SA) has potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, we investigated its protective effects against 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model. We designated four treatment groups each Group I (control) received five intraperitoneal saline injections (once daily) from days 17 to 21; Group II received five intraperitoneal injections of 5-FU (50 mg/kg/day) from days 17 to 21; Group III received an oral administration of SA (40 mg/kg) for 21 days and five intraperitoneal injections of 5-FU (50 mg/kg/day) from days 17 to 21; and Group IV received an oral administration of SA (40 mg/kg) for 21 days (n-six rats in each group). blood samples were collected on day 22 from each group. Animals were sacrificed and their kidneys removed, and instantly frozen. 5-FU caused oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the apoptotic pathway by upregulating Bax and Caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. However, SA exposure reduced serum toxicity indicators, boosted antioxidant defences, and reduced kidney apoptosis, which was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Therefore, prophylactic administration of SA could inhibit 5-FU-induced renal injuries in rats via suppression of renal inflammation and oxidative stress, primarily through regulation of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines, inhibition of renal apoptosis, and restoration of tubular epithelial antioxidant activities and cytoprotective defences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrazaq Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M. Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Hao H, Jia X, Ren T, Du Y, Wang J. Novel insight into the mechanism underlying synergistic cytotoxicity from two components in 5-Fluorouracil-phenylalanine co-crystal based on cell metabolomics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:181-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Farhan M, Rizvi A. Understanding the Prooxidant Action of Plant Polyphenols in the Cellular Microenvironment of Malignant Cells: Role of Copper and Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929853. [PMID: 35795551 PMCID: PMC9251333 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant derived polyphenolic compounds are considered critical components of human nutrition and have shown chemotherapeutic effects against a number of malignancies. Several studies have confirmed the ability of polyphenols to induce apoptosis and regression of tumours in animal models. However, the mechanism through which polyphenols modulate their malignant cell selective anticancer effects has not been clearly established. While it is believed that the antioxidant properties of these molecules may contribute to lowering the risk of cancer induction by causing oxidative damage to DNA, it could not be held responsible for chemotherapeutic properties and apoptosis induction. It is a well known fact that cellular copper increases within the malignant cell and in serum of patients harboring malignancies. This phenomenon is independent of the cellular origin of malignancies. Based on our own observations and those of others; over the last 30 years our laboratory has shown that cellular copper reacts with plant derived polyphenolic compounds, by a Fenton like reaction, which generates reactive oxygen species and leads to genomic DNA damage. This damage then causes an apoptosis like cell death of malignant cells, while sparing normal cells. This communication reviews our work in this area and lays the basis for understanding how plant derived polyphenols can behave as prooxidants (and not antioxidants) within the microenvironment of a malignancy (elevated copper levels) and gives rationale for their preferential cytotoxicity towards malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Farhan,
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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5
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Farhan M, Rizvi A, Ahmad A, Aatif M, Alam MW, Hadi SM. Structure of Some Green Tea Catechins and the Availability of Intracellular Copper Influence Their Ability to Cause Selective Oxidative DNA Damage in Malignant Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030664. [PMID: 35327466 PMCID: PMC8945203 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The possible roles of elevated endogenous copper levels in malignant cells are becoming increasingly understood at a greater depth. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that tea catechins have the ability to mobilize endogenous copper and undergo a Fenton-like reaction that can selectively damage cancer cells. In this communication, by using a diverse panel of malignant cell lines, we demonstrate that the ability of the catechin family [(−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (−)-epicatechin (EC), and (+)-catechin (C)] to induce apoptosis is dependent on their structure. We further confirm that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the terminal effectors causing copper-mediated DNA damage. Our studies demonstrate the role of cellular copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A in the survival dynamics of malignant cells post-EGCG exposure. The results, when considered together with our previous studies, highlight the critical role that copper dynamics and mobilization plays in cancer cells and paves the way for a better understanding of catechins as nutraceutical supplements for malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar;
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sheikh Mumtaz Hadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
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Zeng D, Wang Y, Chen Y, Li D, Li G, Xiao H, Hou J, Wang Z, Hu L, Wang L, Li J. Angelica Polysaccharide Antagonizes 5-FU-Induced Oxidative Stress Injury to Reduce Apoptosis in the Liver Through Nrf2 Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:720620. [PMID: 34485154 PMCID: PMC8415481 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.720620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induced by chemotherapeutic agents causes hepatotoxicity. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been found to have a variety of side effects, but its toxic effect on the liver and the mechanism are still unclear. Angelica polysaccharide (ASP), the main active ingredient of Dang Gui, has antioxidative stress effects. In this study, we investigated the antagonistic effects of ASP on 5-FU-induced injury in the mouse liver and human normal liver cell line MIHA and the possible mechanism. Our results show that ASP inhibited 5-FU-induced the decrease in Bcl-2 protein and the increase in Bax protein. ASP alleviated 5-FU-induced the increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) content; hepatic steatosis; and liver fibrosis. ASP restored 5-FU-induced swelling of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. 5-FU promoted the expression of Keap1 and increased the binding to NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to reduce the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thereby weakening the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 to inhibit the expression of HO-1; reducing the activity of GSH, SOD, and CAT to increase ROS content; and aggravating DNA damage (indicated by the increase in 8-OHdG). However, ASP reversed these reactions. In conclusion, ASP attenuated the 5-FU-induced Nrf2 pathway barrier to reduce oxidative stress injury and thereby inhibit the disorder of lipid anabolism and apoptosis. The study provides a new protectant for reducing the hepatic toxicity caused by 5-FU and a novel target for treating the liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zeng
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanxianzhi Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiyin Hou
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziling Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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7
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Gelen V, Şengül E, Yıldırım S, Senturk E, Tekin S, Kükürt A. The protective effects of hesperidin and curcumin on 5-fluorouracil-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47046-47055. [PMID: 33886055 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is a very important complication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated cancer patients. Increased oxidative stress, kidney damage, and apoptosis play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephrotoxicity caused by 5-FU. In this study, protective effects of two natural compounds, hesperidin and curcumin, on experimentally induced kidney damage in mice with 5-FU were determined. Application of 5-FU resulted in severe histopathological changes and severe renal failure with increased serum urea and creatinine levels. Also, 5-FU-induced kidney damage, increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) activity, and glutathione (GSH) level have been demonstrated. Also, where 5-FU is in the concentration of caspase-3 and 8-OHdG immune-positive cells and therefore causes apoptosis and DNA damage in kidney tissue cells. However, especially high doses of hesperidin and curcumin treatment significantly improved 5-FU-induced oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation, apoptosis/DNA damage, and renal dysfunction. Based on these data, our results suggest that hesperidin and curcumin may be used as new and promising agents against 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Gelen
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Emin Şengül
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esra Senturk
- School of Health Services, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Samet Tekin
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdulsamed Kükürt
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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8
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Elghareeb MM, Elshopakey GE, Hendam BM, Rezk S, Lashen S. Synergistic effects of Ficus Carica extract and extra virgin olive oil against oxidative injury, cytokine liberation, and inflammation mediated by 5-Fluorouracil in cardiac and renal tissues of male albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4558-4572. [PMID: 32946057 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapeutic drug, has adverse effects on heart and kidney functions. Ficus Carica (fig) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) are natural sources which have antioxidant effects. This study investigated the synergistic effects of fig extract and EVOO against cardiac and renal damage induced by 5-FU. Forty rats were equally divided into five groups and treated with physiological saline (control), five intravenous injections of 5-FU (40 mg/kg b.w) (5-FU), fig (1 g/kg b.w/day, orally) with 5-FU (Fig/5-FU), EVOO (7 g/kg b.w/day, orally) with 5-FU (EVOO/5-FU), combined treatment of fig and EVOO with five 5-FU injections (Fig/EVOO/5-FU). After 30 days, blood and tissue samples (Heart and kidney) were collected to be used in the examinations. 5-FU significantly increased serum creatine kinase activity, renal biomarkers, cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β as well as cardiac and renal lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde). Meanwhile, serum levels of immunoglobulins, interleukins (IL-10, IL-12), and antioxidants of heart and kidney tissues were significantly decreased in 5-FU group. It also downregulated cardiac and renal Bcl2, and upregulated cardiac troponin and renin gene expressions. As well, histological alterations clarified that 5-FU induced cardiac cell damage, distorted renal corpuscles and tubules, inflammatory cell infiltrations, and severe congestion and hemorrhage in the blood vessels. The treatment with fig and olive oil, especially the combined treatment, modulated the toxic effect of 5-FU on the heart and kidney. Our results revealed that fig extract and EVOO have a powerful antioxidant and many protective effects against cardiac and renal toxicity induced by 5-FU, especially when using fig and EVOO together as a combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Elghareeb
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah Lashen
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Rizvi A, Naseem I. Causing DNA damage and stopping DNA repair - Vitamin D supplementation with Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors may cause selective cell death of cancer cells: A novel therapeutic paradigm utilizing elevated copper levels within the tumour. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110278. [PMID: 33254582 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of PARP1 are currently being used to treat malignancies and as maintenance drugs post chemotherapy. Vitamin D has been shown to have an anticancer effect (mediated by multiple mechanisms) and is usually deficient in cancer patients. We had previously proposed and experimentally validated the selective cell death of cancer cells caused due to interaction of vitamin D with elevated copper within malignant cells, leading to ROS mediated DNA damage. In this communication we propose a Vitamin D supplementation strategy with PARP1 inhibitor treatment which would have multifaceted benefits for therapy. Besides exerting its anticancer effects by other mechanisms and addressing the deficiency, Vitamin D in principle would cause selective ROS mediated DNA breakage in malignant cells, while sparing healthy non malignant cells. Since Vitamin D is also a known inhibitor of PARP1, this therapeutic strategy would push the malignant cells to apoptosis due to DNA breakage via the vitamin D-copper mechanism, in addition to inhibiting DNA repair. Since the available levels copper within normal cells are several fold less as compared to malignant cells, the normal cells would be spared of the Vitamin D induced, ROS mediated DNA damage and would be less likely to die due to PARP1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Yang H, Kuhn C, Kolben T, Ma Z, Lin P, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Early Life Oxidative Stress and Long-Lasting Cardiovascular Effects on Offspring Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155175. [PMID: 32707756 PMCID: PMC7432066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has rapidly developed and is now widely practised worldwide. Both the characteristics of ART (handling gametes/embryos in vitro) and the infertility backgrounds of ART parents (such as infertility diseases and unfavourable lifestyles or diets) could cause increased oxidative stress (OS) that may exert adverse influences on gametogenesis, fertilisation, and foetation, even causing a long-lasting influence on the offspring. For these reasons, the safety of ART needs to be closely examined. In this review, from an ART safety standpoint, the origins of OS are reviewed, and the long-lasting cardiovascular effects and potential mechanisms of OS on the offspring are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Zhi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)821-400-165505
| | - Viktoria von Schönfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (H.Y.); (C.K.); (T.K.); (Z.M.); (P.L.); (S.M.); (V.v.S.)
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11
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Russo C, Graziani V, Lavorgna M, D'Abrosca B, Piscitelli C, Fiorentino A, Scognamiglio M, Isidori M. Lymphocytes exposed to vegetables grown in waters contaminated by anticancer drugs: metabolome alterations and genotoxic risks for human health. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 842:125-131. [PMID: 31255220 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation of crops may be effective to avoid depletion (about 70%) of freshwater resources. However, the use of reclaimed waters containing persistent microcontaminants such as antineoplastic drugs is of high environmental concern. These active compounds may affect human health with potentially severe adverse effects. To better understand the impact on human health following irrigation of crops with reused contaminated waters, we exposed four edible plants, Brassica rapa, Lactuca sativa, Raphanus sativus, and Triticum durum, to two commonly used antitumoral drugs: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and Cisplatin (CDDP), using metabolomics as a potential functional genomics tool to combine with genotoxicity experiments. The metabolome of the treated and untreated plants was analysed to detect biochemical alterations associated to the exposure, and the potential genotoxic damage related to human exposure to the treated plants was evaluated using the comet assay in human lymphocytes, which are characterized by high sensitivity to genotoxic substances. The edible species were able to assimilate 5-FU and CDDP during the treatment, affecting the biochemical pathways of these plants with subsequent metabolome modifications. These metabolic alterations differed according to the specific species used for the test. Furthermore, all vegetables treated with two concentrations of the selected drugs (10 and 100 μg/L) caused significant (p < 0.0001) genotoxic damage in the cells of the immune system at a higher level than in the lymphocytes directly exposed to single antineoplastic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vittoria Graziani
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Margherita Lavorgna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Brigida D'Abrosca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy; Dipartimento di Biotecnologia Marina, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Concetta Piscitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy; Dipartimento di Biotecnologia Marina, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Monica Scognamiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy.
| | - Marina Isidori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100, Caserta, Italy.
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12
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Wang HH, Fu ZG, Li W, Li YX, Zhao LS, Wen L, Zhang JJ, Wen N. The synthesis and application of nano doxorubicin- indocyanine green matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel in chemophototherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:623-638. [PMID: 30697046 PMCID: PMC6339648 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s191069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignancies, with high rates of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Owing to the special anatomical location of this tumor, an effective, minimally invasive treatment with low systemic toxicity is highly desirable. Hydrogels have shown great potential for tumor-targeting therapy, with excellent performance. However, there have been few reports on co-loading photosensitizers and chemotherapeutic drugs into hydrogels. In this study, we synthesized a nano doxorubicin-indocyanine green matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-responsive hydrogel (denoted as NDIMH), combining chemotherapy and phototherapy, to achieve superior antitumor efficacy. Methods First, NDIMH was synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and drug-release assays. Second, the photosensitivity properties and antitumor efficiency of this drug delivery system were studied in vivo and in vitro. Last, the imaging and biodistribution of NDIMH were monitored using the Maestro EX in vivo imaging system. Results The nanodrugs loaded into the smart hydrogel exhibited uniform size distribution, excellent size stability, and a sustained release in the presence of MMP-2. NDIMH showed ideal photosensitivity characteristics under light. NDIMH with 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation effectively inhibited the viability, invasion, and metastasis of SCC-15 in vitro. After intratumoral injection of NDIMH with 808 nm NIR illumination, the hydrogels exhibited favorable synergistic antitumor efficacy and acceptable biosafety. Additionally, fluorescence imaging showed that NDIMH could significantly improve the retention of nanodrugs at the tumor site. Conclusion The intratumoral injection of NDIMH with 808 nm NIR irradiation could be a promising chemophototherapy alternative for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
| | - Zhi-Guang Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China,
| | - Yun-Xia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
| | - Li-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China,
| | - Ning Wen
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China,
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13
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Adikwu E, Biradee I, Ogungbaike T. Therapeutic benefit of resveratrol in 5-fluorouracil-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/bmrj.bmrj_19_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Rutin attenuates negatively charged surfactant (SDS)-induced lysozyme aggregation/amyloid formation and its cytotoxicity. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:45-58. [PMID: 30081131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are highly ordered protein assemblies known to contribute to the pathology of a variety of genetic and aging-associated diseases. Here, we have investigated the aggregation propensity of lysozyme in the presence of a negatively charged surfactant (SDS) and evaluated the anti-aggregation activity of rutin. Multiple approaches such as turbidity measurements, dye binding assays, intrinsic fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), MTT and comet assays have been used for this purpose. We inferred that SDS induces aggregation of lysozyme in 0.2-0.6 mM concentration range while at higher concentration range (0.8-1.0 mM), it leads to solubilization/stabilization of protein. Intrinsic/extrinsic fluorescence and CD analysis confirmed significant conformational changes in lysozyme at 0.2 mM SDS. Thioflavin T (ThT), congo red binding and TEM analysis further reaffirmed the formation of lysozyme fibrils. Moreover, MTT assay demonstrated cytotoxicity of these fibrils towards neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y) and their attenuation by rutin. Comet assay supported the cytotoxicity mechanism via DNA damage. Molecular docking results also advocate a strong interaction between lysozyme and rutin. The current study indicates a mechanistic approach assuming structural constraints and specific aromatic interactions of rutin with HEWL aggregates.
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15
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Khan S, Zafar A, Naseem I. Copper-redox cycling by coumarin-di(2-picolyl)amine hybrid molecule leads to ROS-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis: A mechanism for cancer chemoprevention. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 290:64-76. [PMID: 29803612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coumarin is an important bioactive pharmacophore. It is found in plants as a secondary metabolite and exhibits diverse pharmacological properties including anticancer effects against different malignancies. Therapeutic efficacy of coumarin derivatives depends on the pattern of substitution and conjugation with different moieties. Cancer cells contain elevated copper as compared to normal cells that plays a role in angiogenesis. Thus, targeting copper in malignant cells via copper chelators can serve as an attractive targeted anticancer strategy. Our previous efforts led to the synthesis of di(2-picolyl)amine-3(bromoacetyl)coumarin hybrid molecule (ligand-L) endowed with DNA/Cu(II) binding properties, and ROS generation ability in the presence of copper ions. In the present study, we aimed to validate copper-dependent cytotoxic action of ligand-L against malignant cells. For this, we used a cellular model system of copper (Cu) overloaded lymphocytes (CuOLs) to simulate malignancy-like condition. In CuOLs, lipid peroxidation/protein carbonylation, ROS generation, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis were investigated in the presence of ligand-L. Results showed that ligand-L-Cu(II) interaction leads to ROS generation, lipid peroxidation/protein carbonylation (oxidative stress parameters), DNA damage, up-regulation of p53 and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in treated lymphocytes. Further, pre-incubation with neocuproine (membrane permeable copper chelator) and ROS scavengers attenuated the DNA damage and apoptosis. These results suggest that cellular copper acts as molecular target for ligand-L to propagate redox cycling and generation of ROS via Fenton-like reaction leading to DNA damage and apoptosis. Further, we showed that ligand-L targets elevated copper in breast cancer MCF-7 and colon cancer HCT116 cells leading to a pro-oxidant inhibition of proliferation of cancer cells. In conclusion, we propose copper-dependent ROS-mediated mechanism for the cytotoxic action of ligand-L in malignant cells. Thus, targeting elevated copper represents an effective therapeutic strategy for selective cytotoxicity against malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atif Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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16
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Hassan I, Khan AA, Aman S, Qamar W, Ebaid H, Al-Tamimi J, Alhazza IM, Rady AM. Restrained management of copper level enhances the antineoplastic activity of imatinib in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1682. [PMID: 29374195 PMCID: PMC5786010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate if elevated copper level can be targeted to enhance the efficacy of a significant anticancer drug, imatinib (ITB). The antineoplastic activity of this drug was assessed in the HepG2, HEK-293, MCF-7 and MDA-MD-231 cells targeting elevated copper level as their common drug target. The cell lines were treated with the different doses of copper chloride (Cu II) and disulfiram (DSF) alone as well as in their combinations with the drug for 24 h in standard culture medium and conditions. The treated cells were subjected to various assays including MTT, PARP, p-53, caspase-7, caspase-3, LDH and single cell electrophoresis. The study shows that DSF and Cu (II) synergizes the anticancer activity of ITB to a significant extent in a dose-specific way as evidenced by the combinations treated groups. Furthermore, the same treatment strategy was employed in cancer-induced rats in which the combinations of ITB-DSF and ITB-Cu II showed enhanced antineoplastic activity as compared to ITB alone. However, DSF was more effective than Cu (II) as an adjuvant to the drug. Hence, restrained manipulation of copper level in tumor cells can orchestrate the redox and molecular dispositions inside the cells favoring the induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftekhar Hassan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Aman
- Department of Biochemistry, J N Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Biological Unit, Central Laboratory, Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Al-Tamimi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alhazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Rady
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Rizvi A, Furkan M, Naseem I. Physiological serum copper concentrations found in malignancies cause unfolding induced aggregation of human serum albumin in vitro. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 636:71-78. [PMID: 29122590 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malignancies are characterized by several drastic metabolic changes, one of which is a progressive rise in the levels of serum copper. This rise in serum copper is documented across all malignancies and across malignancies in several species. This study aims to explore in vitro the effect of increased copper levels on the structure of the blood protein human serum albumin. Exposure of human serum albumin to physiologically relevant copper concentrations for 21 days resulted in structural modifications in the protein which were evident by changes in the intrinsic florescence. A loss of the predominantly alpha helical structure of human serum albumin was recorded along with a tendency to form protein aggregates. This aggregation was characterized by Thioflavin T and Congo Red assays. Rayleigh light scattering and turbidity assays confirmed aggregation. The aggregates were visually confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. This is the first report implicating increased copper levels as a cause of aggregation of blood proteins in malignancies. The physiological and biochemical implications of this phenomenon are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Mohd Furkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, India.
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18
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Subastri A, Suyavaran A, Preedia Babu E, Nithyananthan S, Barathidasan R, Thirunavukkarasu C. Troxerutin with copper generates oxidative stress in cancer cells: Its possible chemotherapeutic mechanism against hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28628229 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Troxerutin (TXER) a rutin derivative is known for its anticancer effect against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As part of large study, recently we have shown TXER interact with genetic material and its anti-mutagenic property. In the present study we have explored its possible mode of action in HCC. Since TXER alone did not show significant anticancer effect on Huh-7 cells, in vitro biochemical assays were performed for determining anticancer efficacy of TXER + metal complex using transition metals such as Cu, Zn, and Fe. The anticancer efficacy of TXER + Cu on Huh-7 cells were evaluated using MTT assay, DCFDA, JC-1 staining, comet assay, cell cycle analysis, immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting. Non-toxic nature of TXER was analyzed on primary rat hepatocytes. The in vivo efficacy of TXER was tested in N-nitrosodiethylamine initiated and γ-benzene hexachloride and partial hepatectomy promoted rat liver cancer. Liver markers, transition metal levels, histopathological examination, and expression levels of GST-P, 8-OHdG and Ki-67 were studied to assess the in vivo anticancer effect of TXER. We observed that TXER + Cu induced extensive cellular death on Huh-7 cells through generating free radicals and did not possess any toxic effect on normal hepatocytes. The in vivo studies revealed that TXER possess significant anti-cancer effect as assessed through improved liver markers and suppressed GST-P, 8-OHdG, and Ki-67 expression. TXER treatment reduced the hepatic Cu level in cancer bearing animals. Current study brings the putative mechanism involved in anti-cancer effect of TXER, further it will help to formulate phytoconstituents coupled anti-cancer drug for effective treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariraman Subastri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Arumugam Suyavaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Rajamani Barathidasan
- Centre for Animal Research, Training and Services, CIDRF-DBT, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University, Puducherry, India
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19
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Yousef HN, Aboelwafa HR. The potential protective role of taurine against 5-fluorouracil-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:265-274. [PMID: 28189472 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is common with the use of the chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). The current study aimed to investigate the probable protective effect of taurine (TAU) against 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity in rats using biochemical, histological and ultrastructural approaches. Twenty-four rats were equally divided into control, TAU, 5-FU and 5-FU+TAU groups. 5-FU significantly elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and uric acid; while it reduced activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Also, 5-FU induced significant elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels accompanied with marked decline in γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels in kidney tissues. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by histopathological changes marked by destruction of the normal renal structure, in addition to ultrastructural alterations represented by thickened and irregular glomerular basement membranes, congested glomerular capillaries, damaged lining fenestrated endothelium, mesangial cells hyperplasia with expanded mesangial matrix, and distorted podocyte's processes. Also, the proximal (PCT) and distal (DCT) convoluted tubules showed thickened basement membranes, destructed apical microvilli and loss of basal infoldings of their epithelial cells. Administration of TAU to 5-FU-treated rats reversed most of the biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural alterations. These results indicate that TAU has a protective effect against 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany N Yousef
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa R Aboelwafa
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Zafar A, Singh S, Naseem I. Cytotoxic activity of soy phytoestrogen coumestrol against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells: Insights into the molecular mechanism. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 99:149-161. [PMID: 27913286 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coumestrol is a phytoestrogen present in soybean products and recognized as potential cancer therapeutic agent against breast cancer. However, the clear molecular mechanism of anticancer-activity of coumestrol in breast carcinoma has not been reported. It is well established that copper levels are elevated in different malignancies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the copper-dependent cytotoxic action of coumestrol in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Results showed that coumestrol inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was prevented by copper chelator neocuproine and ROS scavengers. Coumestrol treatment induced ROS generation coupled to DNA fragmentation, up-regulation of p53/p21, cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspases 9/3 activation. All these effects were suppressed by ROS scavengers and neocuproine. These results suggest that coumestrol targets elevated copper for redox cycling to generate ROS leading to DNA fragmentation. DNA damage leads to p53 up-regulation which directs the cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase and promotes caspase-dependent apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, copper targeted ROS-mediated p53-dependent mechanism better explains the cytotoxic action of coumestrol in MCF-7 cells. Thus, targeting elevated copper levels might be a potential therapeutic strategy for selective cytotoxic action against malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnendra Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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21
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Gajski G, Gerić M, Domijan AM, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Combined cyto/genotoxic activity of a selected antineoplastic drug mixture in human circulating blood cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:529-538. [PMID: 27681109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antineoplastic drugs are highly cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents that can often interfere directly or indirectly with the cell's genome. In an environmental or medical setting simultaneous exposure may occur. Such multiple exposures may pose a higher risk than it could be assumed from the studies evaluating the effect of a single substance. Therefore, in the present study we tested the combined cyto/genotoxicity of a mixture of selected antineoplastic drugs with different mechanisms of action (5-fluorouracil, etoposide, and imatinib mesylate) towards human lymphocytes in vitro. The results suggest that the selected antineoplastic drug mixture is potentially cyto/genotoxic and that it can induce cell and genome damage even at low concentrations. Moreover, the changes in the measured oxidative stress parameters suggest the participation of reactive oxygen species in the cyto/genotoxicity of the selected mixture. The obtained results indicate not only that such mixtures may pose a risk to cell and genome integrity, but also that single compound toxicity data are not sufficient for the predicting toxicity in a complex environment. Altogether, the results emphasise the need for further toxicological screening of antineoplastic drug mixtures, especially at low environmentally relevant concentrations, as to avoid any possible adverse effects on the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marko Gerić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ana-Marija Domijan
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vera Garaj-Vrhovac
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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22
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Calcitriol–copper interaction leads to non enzymatic, reactive oxygen species mediated DNA breakage and modulation of cellular redox scavengers in hepatocellular carcinoma. Apoptosis 2016; 21:997-1007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Cu(II)-coumestrol interaction leads to ROS-mediated DNA damage and cell death: a putative mechanism for anticancer activity. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 33:15-27. [PMID: 27260464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens have attracted considerable interest as natural alternatives to hormone replacement therapy and their potential as cancer therapeutic agents. Among phytoestrogens, coumestrol has shown multipharmacological properties such as antiinflammatory, neuroprotective, osteoblastic differentiation and anticancer. Though several studies have described anticancer effects of coumestrol, a clear underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells contain elevated copper levels that play an integral role in angiogenesis. Copper is an important metal ion associated with the chromatin DNA, particularly with guanine. Thus, targeting copper in cancer cells can serve as effective anticancer strategy. Using human peripheral lymphocytes, we assessed lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage and apoptosis by coumestrol in the presence of exogenously added Cu(II) in cells to simulate malignancy-like condition. Results showed that Cu(II)-coumestrol interaction leads to lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation (markers of oxidative stress), DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in treated lymphocytes. Further, incubation of lymphocytes with ROS scavengers and membrane-permeant copper chelator, neocuproine, resulted in inhibition of DNA damage and apoptosis. This suggests that coumestrol engages in redox cycling of Cu(II) to generate ROS that leads to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. In conclusion, this is the first report showing that coumestrol targets cellular copper to induce prooxidant death in malignant cells. We believe that such a prooxidant cytotoxic mechanism better explains the anticancer activity of coumestrol. These findings will provide significant insights into the development of new chemical molecules with better copper-chelating and prooxidant properties against cancer cells.
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Benito-Miguel M, Blanco MD, Gómez C. Assessment of sequential combination of 5-fluorouracil-loaded-chitosan-nanoparticles and ALA-photodynamic therapy on HeLa cell line. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:466-75. [PMID: 25976508 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural polymers are used as components of nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery, as they provide targeted, sustained release and biodegradability. The purpose of this study was to increase the efficacy of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) by the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with 5-fluorouracil-loaded-chitosan-nanoparticles (5-Fu-CNPs). METHODS Nanoparticles based on chitosan (CNPs) were synthesized by the ionic crosslinking method via the TPP addition. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), a first-line anticancer drug, was loaded into these 5Fu-CNPs, and they were assayed as controlled delivery formulation. HeLa cells were incubated in the presence of 5Fu-CNPs for 24h, next ALA was added to the culture medium and 4h later, to complete the PDT, light irradiation took place. Analysis of cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, observation of the apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy followed by analysis of caspase-3 activity were carried out. RESULTS Spherical 5Fu-CNPs with a mean diameter of 324±43nm, were successfully synthesized and characterized by TEM and DLS. 5-Fu incorporation was achieved successfully (12.3μg 5Fu/mg CNP) and the maximum 5-Fu release took place at 2h. The combined administration of 5Fu-CNPs and PDT mediated by ALA (ALA-PDT) led to an improved efficacy of the antineoplastic treatment by generation of great cytotoxicity inducted through an increased ROS production. HeLa cells were destroyed by apoptosis through activation of caspase pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study proves that combination therapy (photodynamic "ALA"+chemical "5-Fu"+immunoadjuvant "chitosan") may be an effective approach for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Benito-Miguel
- Centro Universitario San Rafael-Nebrija, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Dolores Blanco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Gómez
- Departamento de Sistemas de Baja Dimensionalidad, Superficies y Materia Condensada, Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Al-Asmari AK, Al-Zahrani AM, Khan AQ, Al-Shahrani HM, Ali Al Amri M. Taurine ameliorates 5-flourouracil-induced intestinal mucositis, hepatorenal and reproductive organ damage in Wistar rats: A biochemical and histological study. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:10-20. [PMID: 25724421 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115573597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is one of the most commonly used anticancer drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer but has potential adverse effects such as intestinal mucositis, renal, hepatic, and reproductive organ toxicity. Attention has been given to approaches to reduce the side effects and improve the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we have investigated the protective effect of taurine (Tau) on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induced adverse effects in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups with six animals (n = 6) in each group. Group I received vehicle only and served as control group. Groups II, III, and IV animals were given oral gavage of 5-FU at 50 mg/kg body weight for 4 days. Tau was given to the animals of groups III and IV 30 min prior to 5-FU administration. We observed marked elevation in the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity after 5-FU administration, which was reversed by Tau pretreatment. Histological observation of liver, kidney, intestine, testis, and prostate revealed that 5-FU administration resulted in anomalies like distortion of normal cellular architecture, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and loss of cellular integrity. These histopathological changes were markedly suppressed by Tau treatment. In conclusion, biochemical and histological findings of this study suggest that Tau has strong preventive potential against complications of anticancer drug 5-FU and hence Tau may play an important role in combinational chemotherapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Al-Asmari
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Al-Zahrani
- Department of Oncology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Q Khan
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Al-Shahrani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Ali Al Amri
- Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Calcitriol induced redox imbalance and DNA breakage in cells sharing a common metabolic feature of malignancies: Interaction with cellular copper (II) ions leads to the production of reactive oxygen species. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:3661-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-3004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Mitigation of 5-Fluorouracil induced renal toxicity by chrysin via targeting oxidative stress and apoptosis in wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 66:185-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rizvi A, Hasan SS, Naseem I. Selective cytotoxic action and DNA damage by calcitriol-Cu(II) interaction: putative mechanism of cancer prevention. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76191. [PMID: 24086705 PMCID: PMC3785422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is known to play an important role in cancer-prevention. One of the features associated with the onset of malignancy is the elevation of Cu (II) levels. The mode of cancer-prevention mediated by calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D, remain largely unknown. METHODS Using exogenously added Cu (II) to stimulate a malignancy like condition in a novel cellular system of rabbit calcitriol overloaded lymphocytes, we assessed lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA damage and consequent apoptosis. Free radical mediators were identified using free radical scavengers and the role of Cu (II) in the reaction was elucidated using chelators of redox active cellular metal ions. RESULTS Lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation (markers of oxidative stress), consequent DNA fragmentation and apoptosis were observed due to calcitriol-Cu (II) interaction. Hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions mediate oxidative stress produced during this interaction. Amongst cellular redox active metals, copper was found to be responsible for this reaction. CONCLUSION This is the first report implicating Cu (II) and calcitriol interaction as the cause of selective cytotoxic action of calcitriol against malignant cells. We show that this interaction leads to the production of oxidative stress due to free radical production and consequent DNA fragmentation, which leads to apoptosis. A putative mechanism is presented to explain this biological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - S. Saif Hasan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hockmeyer Hall of Structural Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Novel aspect of chemophototherapy in treatment of cancer. Tumour Biol 2011; 33:701-6. [PMID: 22190223 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review deals with the genetic implications of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to enhance horizons of chemophototherapy toward novel approaches for the treatment of various cancers. ROS are species of oxygen which are in a more reactive state than molecular oxygen. ROS play essential roles in vivo such as redox regulation, gene expression, immune response and many other cellular events. ROS generated by anticancer drugs during chemophototherapy may be associated with the activation of signal molecules like PKC, transcription factor NF-kappaB as well as destabilization of mitochondrial membrane inducing the release of apoptosis inducing agents like cytochrome c, resulting in toxicity to cancer cells. Thus, we suggest that anticancer drugs on exposure to light may generate oxidative stress following Fenton-like reaction generating hydroxyl radical. This may get on specific cell cycle receptors which may lead to cell cycle arrest and subsequently cytotoxic death of cancer cells.
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