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Kralova K, Vrtelka O, Fouskova M, Smirnova TA, Michalkova L, Hribek P, Urbanek P, Kuckova S, Setnicka V. Comprehensive spectroscopic, metabolomic, and proteomic liquid biopsy in the diagnostics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Talanta 2024; 270:125527. [PMID: 38134814 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a very topical issue in clinical diagnostics research nowadays. In this study, we explored and compared various analytical approaches to blood plasma analysis. Finally, we proposed a comprehensive procedure, which, thanks to the utilization of multiple analytical techniques, allowed the targeting of various biomolecules in blood plasma reflecting diverse biological processes underlying disease development. The potential of such an approach, combining proteomics, metabolomics, and vibrational spectroscopy along with preceding blood plasma fractionation, was demonstrated on blood plasma samples of patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic terrain (n = 20) and control subjects with liver cirrhosis (n = 20) as well as healthy subjects (n = 20). Most of the applied methods allowed the classification of the samples with an accuracy exceeding 80.0 % and therefore have the potential to be used as a stand-alone method in clinical diagnostics. Moreover, a final panel of 48 variables obtained by a combination of the utilized analytical methods enabled the discrimination of the hepatocellular carcinoma samples from cirrhosis with 94.3 % cross-validated accuracy. Thus, this study, although limited by the cohort size, clearly demonstrated the benefit of the multimethod approach in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kralova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vrtelka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Fouskova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Anatolievna Smirnova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Michalkova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojova 135, 165 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hribek
- Military University Hospital Prague, Department of Medicine 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenske Nemocnice 1200, 169 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Kralove, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Urbanek
- Military University Hospital Prague, Department of Medicine 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, U Vojenske Nemocnice 1200, 169 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Stepanka Kuckova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Setnicka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Zhao X, Chen J, Zhang C, Xie G, Othmane B, Kuang X, Liu B. LncRNA AGAP2-AS1 interacts with IGF2BP2 to promote bladder cancer progression via regulating LRG1 mRNA stability. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110839. [PMID: 37541640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AGAP2-AS1 was implicated in tumorigenesis, yet with unclear mechanism in the development of Bladder Cancer (BCa). METHODS We collected the clinicopathological features and tissue samples of 45 patients with BCa in Xiangya Hospital. Expressions of AGAP2-AS1 and LRG1 were detected by RT-qPCR in BCa tissues and normal tissues as well as in BCa cells. The roles of AGAP2-AS1 and LRG1 were investigated by CCK-8, colony formation assay, transwell assays and tube formation assay. The subcellular localization of AGAP2-AS1 was detected by Fluorescence in situ hybridization. Bioinformatics method, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down assay and Actinomycin D test were used to predict and identify the relationships between AGAP2-AS1, LRG1 and IGF2BP2. Xenografted tumors were produced to explore the function of AGAP2-AS1 in BCa in vivo. RESULTS AGAP2-AS1 and LRG1 were highly upregulated in BCa. AGAP2-AS1 positively correlated with T stage, grade and vascular invasion, but negatively correlated with the survival of patients. Overexpressions of AGAP2-AS1 promoted proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor angiogenesis in vitro and tumor growth, metastasis in vivo, knockdown of AGAP2-AS1 exhibited the opposite effects. AGAP2-AS1 localized mainly in the cytoplasm. AGAP2-AS1 directly bound to IGF2BP2 protein to enhance LRG1 mRNA stability. Inhibition of BCa progression by AGAP2-AS1 knockdown may be reversed by LRG1 overexpression. CONCLUSION AGAP2-AS1 can promote BCa progression and metastasis by recruiting IGF2BP2 to stabilize LRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Guoou Xie
- Department of Urology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Belaydi Othmane
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaogen Kuang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Bolong Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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Kaçmaz M, Oğuzman H. The Leucine-Rich α2-Glycoprotein-1 Levels in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Oncol Res Treat 2023; 46:415-423. [PMID: 37527638 DOI: 10.1159/000532042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is considered important in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), as well as in the targeted treatment of the disease. Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a protein that participates in angiogenesis and its effect on solid organ tumors has been investigated recently. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MM and LRG1. METHODS The MM patients who admitted to Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hematology Clinic between September 2021 and October 2022 were included in the study. The study consists of a total of 4 groups: newly diagnosed MM (NDMM), relapsed refractory MM (RRMM), MM in remission (Rem-MM), and control group. Demographic data were retrieved from hospital records. Blood samples of our study groups were centrifuged at 1,500 × g for 10 min and serum was collected. LRG1, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, FGF-2, and VEGF levels were analyzed in all groups by ELISA method, and statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 112 individuals, including NDMM (n: 27), RRMM (n: 18), Rem-MM (n: 42), and control group (n: 25), were enrolled in the study. Based on the analyses, the NDMM group exhibited significantly elevated levels of LRG1 (p < 0.001), TGF-1 (p < 0.001), and HIF-1α (p = 0.046, p < 0.001, and p = 0.003 compared to the RRMM, Rem-MM, and control groups, respectively) compared to the other groups. LRG1 levels were positively correlated with creatinine (r: 0.363, p = 0.001), calcium (r: 0.344, p = 0.001), total protein (r: 0.473, p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r: 0.547, p < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (r: 0.321, p = 0.003), beta-2-microglobulin (r: 0.312, p = 0.017), IL-6 (r: 0.478, p < 0.001), IL-8 (r: 0.240, p = 0.03), TGF-β1 (r: 0.521, p < 0.001), and HIF-1α (r: 0.321, p = 0.003) levels and were negatively correlated with hemoglobin (r: -0.512, p < 0.001) and albumin (r: -0.549, p < 0.001) levels. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed the association of LRG1 with the highest AUC value of 0.959 (95% CI: 0.904-1, p < 0.001) and the optimal cut-off value of 534.95 ng/mL (sensitivity: 93% and specificity: 99%) in the NDMM group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION In this study, providing data for the first time on LRG1 levels in the setting of MM. LRG1 levels were found to be significantly higher in NDMM patients and in our study discriminate this patient population from RRMM, Rem-MM, and normal controls. Therefore, LRG1 seems to a potential biomarker that should be evaluated in future studies addressing the diagnosis, staging, follow-up, prognosis, and treatment target of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kaçmaz
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Oğuzman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
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Wei X, Su R, Yang M, Pan B, Lu J, Lin H, Shu W, Wang R, Xu X. Quantitative proteomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma at different serum alpha-fetoprotein level. Transl Oncol 2022; 20:101422. [PMID: 35430532 PMCID: PMC9034393 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum AFP equal to 400 ng/mL is a pivotal turning point not only in prognosis but also metabolic and invasion associated pathways. Adjacent noncancerous tissues are not biological normal components at protein level. Four druggable targets (C1QBP, HSPE1, CHDH, ITGAL) are identified as potential prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a poor long-term prognosis and high mortality rate. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels show great prognostic value in patients undergoing hepatectomy. This study aims to explore proteomic profiling in HCC samples based on AFP subgroups and identify potential key targets involved in HCC progression. Methods Twelve paired tumor and adjacent noncancerous tissue samples were collected from patients with HCC who underwent primary curative resection from January 2012 to December 2013. Clinical information was curated from four tissue microarrays to conduct survival analysis based on serum AFP levels. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analyses and bioinformatics analyses were performed to comprehensively profile molecular features. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to validate protein expression of identified targets. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the overall survival and recurrence-free survival based on protein expressions. Results AFP (400 ng/mL) was a turning point in prognosis, metabolic- and invasion-associated pathways. The mass spectrometry analysis yielded a total of 5573 identified proteins. Annotations of 151 differentially expressed proteins in tumors and 95 proteins in paracancerous tissues (1.2-fold) showed similarities in biological processes, cellular components, molecular functions. Furthermore, differentially expressed hub proteins with five innovatively nominated druggable targets (C1QBP, HSPE1, GLUD2 for tumors and CHDH, ITGAL for paracancerous tissues), of which four (C1QBP, HSPE1, CHDH, ITGAL) targets were associated with poor overall survival (all Log-rank P < 0.05). Conclusions Our quantitative proteomics analyses identified four key prognostic biomarkers in HCC and provide opportunities for translational medicine and new treatment.
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LRG1 mediated by ATF3 promotes growth and angiogenesis of gastric cancer by regulating the SRC/STAT3/VEGFA pathway. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:527-541. [PMID: 35094168 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is associated with multiple malignancies, but whether it participates in gastric cancer (GC) angiogenesis remains unclear. METHODS The expression levels of LRG1 were assessed in GC samples. Endothelial tube formation analysis, HUVEC migration assay, chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM), and xenograft tumor model were used to investigate the effect of LRG1 on angiogenesis in gastric cancer. The involvement of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to measure the SRC/STAT3/VEGFA pathway. RESULTS LRG1 was overexpressed in GC tissues and associated with cancer angiogenesis. In addition, LRG1 markedly promoted GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, overexpression of LRG1 could stimulate GC angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Then, we identified ATF3 promotes the transcription of LRG1 and is a positive regulator of angiogenesis. Additionally, LRG1 could activate VEGFA expression via the SRC/STAT3/ VEGFA pathway in GC cells, thus contributing to the angiogenesis of GC. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests LRG1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of angiogenesis in GC and could be a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Camilli C, Hoeh AE, De Rossi G, Moss SE, Greenwood J. LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:6. [PMID: 35062948 PMCID: PMC8781713 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was first described as a key player in pathogenic ocular neovascularization almost a decade ago. Since then, an increasing number of publications have reported the involvement of LRG1 in multiple human conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the LRG1 literature considering its role in health and disease. Although LRG1 is constitutively expressed by hepatocytes and neutrophils, Lrg1-/- mice show no overt phenotypic abnormality suggesting that LRG1 is essentially redundant in development and homeostasis. However, emerging data are challenging this view by suggesting a novel role for LRG1 in innate immunity and preservation of tissue integrity. While our understanding of beneficial LRG1 functions in physiology remains limited, a consistent body of evidence shows that, in response to various inflammatory stimuli, LRG1 expression is induced and directly contributes to disease pathogenesis. Its potential role as a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of multiple conditions is widely discussed while dissecting the mechanisms underlying LRG1 pathogenic functions. Emphasis is given to the role that LRG1 plays as a vasculopathic factor where it disrupts the cellular interactions normally required for the formation and maintenance of mature vessels, thereby indirectly contributing to the establishment of a highly hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, LRG1 has also been reported to affect other cell types (including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal and cancer cells) mostly by modulating the TGFβ signalling pathway in a context-dependent manner. Crucially, animal studies have shown that LRG1 inhibition, through gene deletion or a function-blocking antibody, is sufficient to attenuate disease progression. In view of this, and taking into consideration its role as an upstream modifier of TGFβ signalling, LRG1 is suggested as a potentially important therapeutic target. While further investigations are needed to fill gaps in our current understanding of LRG1 function, the studies reviewed here confirm LRG1 as a pleiotropic and pathogenic signalling molecule providing a strong rationale for its use in the clinic as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Camilli
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alexandra E Hoeh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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7
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O'Connor MN, Kallenberg DM, Camilli C, Pilotti C, Dritsoula A, Jackstadt R, Bowers CE, Watson HA, Alatsatianos M, Ohme J, Dowsett L, George J, Blackburn JWD, Wang X, Singhal M, Augustin HG, Ager A, Sansom OJ, Moss SE, Greenwood J. LRG1 destabilizes tumor vessels and restricts immunotherapeutic potency. MED 2021; 2:1231-1252.e10. [PMID: 35590198 PMCID: PMC7614757 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poorly functioning tumor vasculature is pro-oncogenic and may impede the delivery of therapeutics. Normalizing the vasculature, therefore, may be beneficial. We previously reported that the secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) contributes to pathogenic neovascularization. Here, we investigate whether LRG1 in tumors is vasculopathic and whether its inhibition has therapeutic utility. METHODS Tumor growth and vascular structure were analyzed in subcutaneous and genetically engineered mouse models in wild-type and Lrg1 knockout mice. The effects of LRG1 antibody blockade as monotherapy, or in combination with co-therapies, on vascular function, tumor growth, and infiltrated lymphocytes were investigated. FINDINGS In mouse models of cancer, Lrg1 expression was induced in tumor endothelial cells, consistent with an increase in protein expression in human cancers. The expression of LRG1 affected tumor progression as Lrg1 gene deletion, or treatment with a LRG1 function-blocking antibody, inhibited tumor growth and improved survival. Inhibition of LRG1 increased endothelial cell pericyte coverage and improved vascular function, resulting in enhanced efficacy of cisplatin chemotherapy, adoptive T cell therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibition (anti-PD1) therapy. With immunotherapy, LRG1 inhibition led to a significant shift in the tumor microenvironment from being predominantly immune silent to immune active. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 drives vascular abnormalization, and its inhibition represents a novel and effective means of improving the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. FUNDING Wellcome Trust (206413/B/17/Z), UKRI/MRC (G1000466, MR/N006410/1, MC/PC/14118, and MR/L008742/1), BHF (PG/16/50/32182), Health and Care Research Wales (CA05), CRUK (C42412/A24416 and A17196), ERC (ColonCan 311301 and AngioMature 787181), and DFG (CRC1366).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie N O'Connor
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - David M Kallenberg
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Carlotta Camilli
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Camilla Pilotti
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Athina Dritsoula
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Rene Jackstadt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Chantelle E Bowers
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - H Angharad Watson
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Markella Alatsatianos
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Julia Ohme
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Laura Dowsett
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Jestin George
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Jack W D Blackburn
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK
| | - Mahak Singhal
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ann Ager
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine and Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK.
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London SE5 8BN, UK.
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Javaid F, Pilotti C, Camilli C, Kallenberg D, Bahou C, Blackburn J, R Baker J, Greenwood J, Moss SE, Chudasama V. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) as a novel ADC target. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1206-1220. [PMID: 34458833 PMCID: PMC8341842 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00104c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is present abundantly in the microenvironment of many tumours where it contributes to vascular dysfunction, which impedes the delivery of therapeutics. In this work we demonstrate that LRG1 is predominantly a non-internalising protein. We report the development of a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprising the anti-LRG1 hinge-stabilised IgG4 monoclonal antibody Magacizumab coupled to the anti-mitotic payload monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a cleavable dipeptide linker using the site-selective disulfide rebridging dibromopyridazinedione (diBrPD) scaffold. It is demonstrated that this ADC retains binding post-modification, is stable in serum and effective in in vitro cell studies. We show that the extracellular LRG1-targeting ADC provides an increase in survival in vivo when compared against antibody alone and similar anti-tumour activity when compared against standard chemotherapy, but without undesired side-effects. LRG1 targeting through this ADC presents a novel and effective proof-of-concept en route to improving the efficacy of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Javaid
- UCL Department of Chemistry 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Camilla Pilotti
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Carlotta Camilli
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - David Kallenberg
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Calise Bahou
- UCL Department of Chemistry 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Jack Blackburn
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - James R Baker
- UCL Department of Chemistry 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - John Greenwood
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 11-43 Bath Street London EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Vijay Chudasama
- UCL Department of Chemistry 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
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Kwan YP, Teo MHY, Lim JCW, Tan MS, Rosellinny G, Wahli W, Wang X. LRG1 Promotes Metastatic Dissemination of Melanoma through Regulating EGFR/STAT3 Signalling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3279. [PMID: 34208965 PMCID: PMC8269286 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although less common, melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer largely due to its highly metastatic nature. Currently, there are limited treatment options for metastatic melanoma and many of them could cause serious side effects. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex disease pathophysiology of metastatic melanoma may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets and facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics. In this study, we investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in melanoma development and progression. We first established the association between LRG1 and melanoma in both human patient biopsies and mouse melanoma cell lines and revealed a significant induction of LRG1 expression in metastatic melanoma cells. We then showed no change in tumour cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis in the absence of the host Lrg1. On the other hand, there was reduced melanoma cell metastasis to the lungs in Lrg1-deficient mice. This observation was supported by the promoting effect of LRG1 in melanoma cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. Mechanistically, LRG1 mediates melanoma cell invasiveness in an EGFR/STAT3-dependent manner. Taken together, our studies provided compelling evidence that LRG1 is required for melanoma metastasis but not growth. Targeting LRG1 may offer an alternative strategy to control malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuet Ping Kwan
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hui Yen Teo
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Chee Woei Lim
- Pharmacotherapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Michelle Siying Tan
- Department of Surgery, Yong Yoo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Graciella Rosellinny
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Duke NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (Y.P.K.); (M.H.Y.T.); (G.R.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI) The Academia, 20 College Road, Level 6 Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, 61 Biopolis Dr, Singapore 138673, Singapore
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10
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Guan G, Su H, Wei X, Zheng Y, Jin X. The promotion of tetrabromobisphenol A exposure on Ishikawa cells proliferation and pivotal role of ubiquitin-mediated IκB' degradation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111254. [PMID: 32890954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), one of the highly common industrial brominated flame retardants (BFRs), has been recently reported to influence the progression of endometrial carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanism between them has not been fully illuminated. Our findings demonstrated that treatment with low concentrations of TBBPA significantly induced the proliferation of Ishikawa cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Mechanically, TBBPA stimulation led to the elevation of NF-κB expression, accompanied by the occurrence of ubiquitin-mediated IκB' degradation. Additionally, the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon TBBPA exposure was observed in both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, the above toxic effects of TBBPA on Ishikawa cells were markedly attenuated by the addition of MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, suggesting the crucial role of ubiquitin-mediated IκB' degradation in the TBBPA-stimulated proliferation of Ishikawa cells. Confirmation using in vivo model was also presented in this work. Accordingly, our data indicated that ubiquitin-mediated IκB' degradation and inflammatory response could serve as critical and sensitive biomarkers for the TBBPA-induced endometrial carcinoma, which would be helpful for the future carcinogenic risk assessments of TBBPA exposure on uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guan
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huilan Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoran Wei
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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11
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Zhang YS, Han L, Yang C, Liu YJ, Zhang XM. Prognostic Value of LRG1 in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Oncol Res Treat 2020; 44:36-42. [PMID: 33242858 DOI: 10.1159/000510945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High expression of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is closely related to angiogenesis, which may play an important role in promoting invasion and metastasis. However, the current literature has yet to clarify the clinical significance of LRG1 in breast cancer. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this work was to validate the correlation between LRG1 expression and prognosis in early breast cancer. METHODS We utilized an LRG1 detection agent in 330 cases of early breast cancer. The correlation of LRG1 expression with clinicopathological features, patient recurrence, and survival was investigated. RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissue samples, an elevated expression of LRG1 was observed in breast cancer samples. Moreover, LRG1 expression is associated with the number of lymphatic metastases and TNM pathological stage (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). For disease-free survival (DFS), the Kaplan-Meier curve indicated a poorer prognosis for the group with high LRG1 levels compared with the low LRG1 group (p = 0.000). A similar result was found for overall survival (OS; p = 0.000). The multivariate Cox regression indicated that LRG1 was still associated with DFS (HR 2.090, 95% CI 1.205-3.625, p = 0.009) and OS (HR 2.112, 95% CI 1.167-3.822, p = 0.013). The histological grade, TNM pathological stage, and molecular subtype were identified as independent risk factors affecting OS. CONCLUSION In the malignant progression of breast cancer, high LRG1 levels are associated with lymphatic metastasis, histological grade, poor DFS, and poor OS. This study validates the use of LRG1 as a potential prognosis biomarker for early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Shou Zhang
- Breast Cancer Center, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Breast Cancer Center, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun-Jiang Liu
- Breast Cancer Center, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,
| | - Xiang-Mei Zhang
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Identification and Validation of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Improved Precision in Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020; 21:51-60. [PMID: 34337468 PMCID: PMC8317831 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More accurate risk assessments are needed to improve prostate cancer management. Objective To identify blood-based protein biomarkers that provided prognostic information for risk stratification. Design, setting, and participants Mass spectrometry was used to identify biomarker candidates from blood, and validation studies were performed in four independent cohorts retrospectively collected between 1988 and 2015. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The primary outcome objectives were progression-free survival, prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival. Statistical analyses to assess survival and model performance were performed. Results and limitation Serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was found to be elevated in fatal prostate cancer. LRG1 provided prognostic information independent of metastasis and increased the accuracy in predicting PCSS, particularly in the first 3 yr. A high LRG1 level is associated with an average of two-fold higher risk of disease-progression and mortality in both high-risk and metastatic patients. However, our study design, with a retrospective analysis of samples spanning several decades back, limits the assessment of the clinical utility of LRG1 in today’s clinical practice. Thus, independent prospective studies are needed to establish LRG1 as a clinically useful biomarker for patient management. Conclusions High blood levels of LRG1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer, and LRG1 increased the accuracy of risk stratification of prostate cancer patients. Patient summary High blood levels of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer.
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13
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Wang Y, Xing Q, Chen X, Wang J, Guan S, Chen X, Sun P, Wang M, Cheng Y. The Clinical Prognostic Value of LRG1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:756-763. [PMID: 30714525 DOI: 10.2174/1568009619666190204095942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein1 (LRG1) is a new oncogene-related gene, which has been proven important for the development and poor prognosis of human cancers. However, whether it participates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression level and functional influence of LRG1 in ESCC. METHODS The expression of LRG1 was evaluated on the mRNA and protein level in ESCC patients. Then, correlation of LRG1 expression with clinicpathological variables was analyzed in ESCC. Besides, to clarify the biological function of LRG1, Eca109 and KYSE150 cells were transfected with LRG1 shRNA, the cell viability, clonal efficiency, apoptosis and invasion assays in vitro were performed. RESULTS LRG1 was significantly over-expressed in ESCC and related to deeper invasion depth (T stage) and distal metastasis (M stage). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that LRG1 up-regulation in ESCC was closely correlated to worse clinical survival (overall survival and progression-free survival), all P<0.001. LRG1 was confirmed to be an independent poor premonitory indicator for clinical outcomes in ESCC through the univariate and multivariate analyses. Down-regulation of LRG1 in ESCC cells markedly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, stimulated apoptosis (all p <0.01). CONCLUSION LRG1 might play a significant role in the progression of ESCC, and could be served as a promising prognostic prediction for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Xing
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanghui Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Thoracic Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Pathology, Linyi People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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14
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Zhang N, Ren Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Wang B, Ma N, Gao Z, Cao B. LRG1 Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Modulating Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. J Cancer 2020; 11:1486-1494. [PMID: 32047555 PMCID: PMC6995366 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis. The molecular pathogenesis underlying ESCC remains to be explored. Leucine-rich ɑ-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancer types, however its role in ESCC is unknown. Materials and Methods: Data from the public database was analyzed to address the expression of LRG1 in ESCC. Gain-of-function studies were performed in select ESCC cell lines by over-expression or addition of recombinant LRG1, while loss-of-function studies achieved by small interfering RNA mediated knockdown. Wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to investigate ESCC cell migration and invasion upon manipulating LRG1 levels. Western blot and Immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the changes in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TGFβ signaling pathway. Results: LRG1 mRNA levels were found to be significantly down-regulated in patients with ESCC as well as in several ESCC cell lines. Silencing of LRG1 promoted, while overexpression of LRG1 inhibited ESCC cell migration and invasion. In line with this, Silencing of LRG1 enhanced, while overexpression of LRG1 reduced TGFβ signaling and EMT of ESCC cells. Conclusion/Significance: LRG1 suppresses ESCC cell migration and invasion via negative modulation of TGFβ signaling and EMT. Down-regulation of LRG1 in ESCC patients may favor tumor metastasis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninggang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Yaqiong Ren
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Yusheng Wang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nina Ma
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhengxing Gao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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15
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Gao Y, Zhou J, Xie Z, Wang J, Ho CK, Zhang Y, Li Q. Mechanical strain promotes skin fibrosis through LRG-1 induction mediated by ELK1 and ERK signalling. Commun Biol 2019; 2:359. [PMID: 31602408 PMCID: PMC6778114 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0600-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical force and pathological angiogenesis are dominant features in fibro-proliferative disorders. Understanding the role and regulation of the mechanical microenvironment in which pathological angiogenesis occurs is an important challenge when investigating numerous angiogenesis-related diseases. In skin fibrosis, dermal fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells are integral to hypertrophic scar formation. However, few studies have been conducted to closely investigate their relationship. Here we show, that leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) a regulator of pathological angiogenesis, links biomechanical force to angiogenesis in skin fibrosis. We discover that LRG-1 is overexpressed in hypertrophic scar tissues, and that depletion of Lrg-1 in mouse skin causes mild neovascularization and skin fibrosis formation in a hypertrophic scarring model. Inhibition of FAK or ERK attenuates LRG-1 expression through the ELK1 transcription factor, which binds to the LRG-1 promoter region after transcription initiation by mechanical force. Using LRG-1 to uncouple mechanical force from angiogenesis may prove clinically successful in treating fibro-proliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibo Xie
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chia-kang Ho
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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A New Approach for the Diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndrome Subtypes Based on Protein Interaction Analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12647. [PMID: 31477761 PMCID: PMC6718656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies with a high risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS are associated with posttranslational modifications of proteins and variations in the protein expression levels. In this work, we present a novel interactomic diagnostic method based on both protein array and surface plasmon resonance biosensor technology, which enables monitoring of protein-protein interactions in a label-free manner. In contrast to conventional methods based on the detection of individual biomarkers, our presented method relies on measuring interactions between arrays of selected proteins and patient plasma. We apply this method to plasma samples obtained from MDS and AML patients, as well as healthy donors, and demonstrate that even a small protein array comprising six selected proteins allows the method to discriminate among different MDS subtypes and healthy donors.
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17
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Xie ZB, Zhang YF, Jin C, Mao YS, Fu DL. LRG-1 promotes pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis via modulation of the EGFR/p38 signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:75. [PMID: 30760292 PMCID: PMC6374912 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal expression of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) is reported to be associated with multiple malignancies, but its role in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains to be determined. METHODS The expression of LRG-1 was assessed in PDAC tissues by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. LRG-1-silenced or overexpressed cell lines were constructed using shRNA or LRG-1-overexpressing plasmids. EdU incorporation assay, Transwell invasion and wound-healing assays were performed to evaluate the proliferation, invasion and migration of PDAC cells. In addition, protein expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was detected using Western blot. Finally, Co-immunoprecipitation assay was conducted in search of the potential interaction between LRG-1 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). RESULTS The expression of LRG-1 in PDAC tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissue, and high LRG-1 expression predicted poor survival and a late tumor stage. In addition, LRG-1 markedly promoted the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of PDAC cells in vitro and facilitated tumor growth in vivo. More importantly, we revealed that these bioactivities of LRG-1 might result from its selective interaction with EGFR, which might further activate the p38/MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION LRG-1 may prove to be a promising biomarker for predicting prognosis of PDAC patients. Inhibition of LRG-1 or its downstream pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Xie
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 ZhizaojuRoad, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Yi-Shen Mao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - De-Liang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Central Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 China
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18
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Downregulation of Nedd4L predicts poor prognosis, promotes tumor growth and inhibits MAPK/ERK signal pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1136-1143. [PMID: 29175326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally downregulated 4-like (Nedd4L) related with some tumor progression pathways and was found abnormally expressed in several kinds of solid cancers. However, the role and mechanism of Nedd4L in HCC remain unknown. This study was to assess the role of Nedd4L in HCC tumorigenesis and prognosis. The real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry results revealed that Nedd4L was downregulated in HCC tissues compared to corresponding peri-noncancerous tissue, and HCC patients with low expression of Nedd4L exhibited poor prognosis assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis in 78 HCC patients. Furthermore, knockdown of Nedd4L could significantly promote proliferation of HCC cells by CCK-8 and colony formation assays in vitro; whereas ectopic expression of Nedd4L resulted in attenuating proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivc determined by nude mice xenografts model. Mechanically, Nedd4L could phosphorylate ERK1/2 and regulate genes related with apoptosis. Collectively, Nedd4L plays a tumor suppressive role in HCC, possibly through triggering MAPK/ERK-mediated apoptosis, and Nedd4L downregulation may be a potential prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for HCC.
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19
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Sun DC, Shi Y, Wang LX, Lv Y, Han QL, Wang ZK, Dai GH. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1, relevant with microvessel density, is an independent survival prognostic factor for stage III colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:66550-66558. [PMID: 29029535 PMCID: PMC5630435 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (encoded by LRG1) has been shown to be involved in multiple cancer progression and angiogenesis. LRG1 has been shown to be one of the five plasma proteins that can be used for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. The objective of the current study was to explore relationship between LRG1 protein expression and microvessel density (MVD) in stage III CRC. Methods A single-center retrospective analysis of all stage III CRC who underwent surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy was carried out. LRG1 and CD34 were tested in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results LRG1 protein expression was significantly associated with MVD (P <0.001) and other clinicopathological parameters, including T stage (P=0.028), differentiation (P=0.035) and vascular invasion (P=0.007). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that LRG1 protein expression was an independent poor predictive factor for both disease-free and overall survival. Conclusion LRG1 protein expression can be used as a prognostic marker for stage III CRC along with its use as a diagnostic marker for CRC in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Cong Sun
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Shi
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Xiong Wang
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Current Adress: Cancer Center Key Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lv
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quan-Li Han
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Kuan Wang
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Hai Dai
- The Second Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Wang Y, Chen C, Hua Q, Wang L, Li F, Li M, Mei Z, Zhou T, Xiao B, Tao Z. Downregulation of leucine-rich-α-2-glycoprotein 1 expression is associated with the tumorigenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1503-1510. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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21
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Cai L, Wang H, Yang Q. CRKL overexpression promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:51-56. [PMID: 28123521 PMCID: PMC5245097 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The v-Crk avian sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog-like (CRKL) protein is important in cancer progression. However, its expression pattern and biological roles in human endometrial carcinoma remain unexplored. The potential mechanism of CRKL-induced cancer progression is still unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression pattern and biological roles of CRKL in human endometrial carcinoma. Using immunohistochemistry, it was observed that the CRKL protein was overexpressed in 50.5% (44/87) of endometrial carcinoma tissues. Plasmid transfection of CRKL into Ishikawa cells was performed, and CRKL overexpression promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle transition in the transfected cells. In addition, CRKL overexpression inhibited cell apoptosis in Ishikawa cells treated with cisplatin, with decreased caspase-3 and caspase-9 cleavage. Further analysis revealed that CRKL upregulated the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and survivin, and downregulated Bcl-2 associated X protein expression. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CRKL overexpression in endometrial carcinoma contributes to malignant cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, possibly through Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Cai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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22
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Meng H, Song Y, Zhu J, Liu Q, Lu P, Ye N, Zhang Z, Pang Y, Qi J, Wu H. LRG1 promotes angiogenesis through upregulating the TGF‑β1 pathway in ischemic rat brain. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5535-5543. [PMID: 27840991 PMCID: PMC5355675 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a life-threatening disease that results in significant disability in the human population. Despite the advances in current stroke therapies, a host of patients do not benefit from the conventional treatments. Thus, more effective therapies are required. It has been previously reported that leucine-rich-α2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is crucial during the formation of new blood vessels in retinal diseases. However, the function of LRG1 in the brain during the neovessel growth process following ischemic stroke has not been fully elucidated and the mechanism underlying its effect on angiogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate whether LRG1 may promote angiogenesis through the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling pathway in ischemic rat brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In the present study, the spatial and temporal expression of LRG1, TGF-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) were detected in ischemic rat brain following MCAO using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. CD34 immunohistochemistry staining was used as an indicator of microvessel density (MVD). The RT-qPCR and western blotting results revealed that the levels of LRG1 and TGF-β1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased as early as 6 and 12 h after MCAO (P<0.05), respectively, peaked at 3 days and persisted at significantly higher level until 14 days, in comparison with the control group. Additionally, VEGF and Ang-2 were also increased following MCAO. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results suggested that the MVD was increased following MCAO. In addition, the results also revealed that the percentage of LRG1-positive cells was positively correlated with the percentage of TGF-β1-positive cells, and the percentage of LRG1-positive and TGF-β1-positive cells had a positively correlation with the MVD. Taken together, the present study indicated that LRG1 may promote angiogenesis through upregulating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in ischemic rat brain following MCAO. This may provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Meng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuejia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jiyuan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Pengtian Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Na Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jiping Qi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - He Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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23
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Ge QL, Liu SH, Ai ZH, Tao MF, Ma L, Wen SY, Dai M, Liu F, Liu HS, Jiang RZ, Xue ZW, Jiang YH, Sun XH, Hu YM, Zhao YX, Chen X, Tao Y, Zhu XL, Ding WJ, Yang BQ, Liu DD, Zhang XR, Teng YC. RelB/NF-κB links cell cycle transition and apoptosis to endometrioid adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2402. [PMID: 27711077 PMCID: PMC5133976 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling has been causally associated with numerous human malignancies. Although the NF-κB family of genes has been implicated in endometrial carcinogenesis, information regarding the involvement of central regulators of NF-κB signaling in human endometrial cancer (EC) is limited. Here, we investigated the specific roles of canonical and noncanonical NF-κB signaling in endometrial tumorigenesis. We found that NF-κB RelB protein, but not RelA, displayed high expression in EC samples and cell lines, with predominant elevation in endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC). Moreover, tumor cell-intrinsic RelB was responsible for the abundant levels of c-Myc, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, which are key regulators of cell cycle transition, apoptosis and proliferation in EEC. In contrast, p27 expression was enhanced by RelB depletion. Thus, increased RelB in human EC is associated with enhanced EEC cell growth, leading to endometrial cell tumorigenicity. Our results reveal that regulatory RelB in noncanonical NF-κB signaling may serve as a therapeutic target to block EC initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Lin Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - San-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Ai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min-Fang Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Yun Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-Shao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ren Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin-Cheng Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Sixth People's Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Wang CH, Li M, Liu LL, Zhou RY, Fu J, Zhang CZ, Yun JP. LRG1 expression indicates unfavorable clinical outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42118-29. [PMID: 26517349 PMCID: PMC4747214 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein1 (LRG1) is a novel oncogene-associated protein which has been clarified vital to the progression of human cancers, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of LRG1 was noticeably increased in HCC tissues, compared to the nontumorous tissues. High LRG1 expression was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.004), tumor differentiation (P = 0.010), TNM stage (P < 0.001) and vascular invasion (P = 0.019). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that LRG1 expression was closely correlated to overall survival and disease-free survival in a training cohort of 474 patients with HCC. The correlation was further validated in an independent cohort of 303 HCC patients. The prognostic implication of LRG1 was confirmed by stratified survival analyses. Multivariate Cox regression model indicated LRG1 as an independent poor prognostic indicator for overall survival (Hazard ratio = 1.582, 95% confident interval: 1.345–1.862, P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (Hazard ratio = 1.280, 95% confident interval: 1.037–1.581, P = 0.022) in HCC. In vitro data showed that LRG1 markedly promoted cell migration but has no effect on cell proliferation. Collectively, our data show that LRG1 is markedly up-regulated and serves as an independent factor of poor outcomes in HCC. Our study therefore provides a promising biomarker for prognostic prediction in clinical management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Min Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | | | - Jia Fu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chris Zhiyi Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
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25
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LRG1 mRNA expression in breast cancer associates with PIK3CA genotype and with aromatase inhibitor therapy outcome. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1363-73. [PMID: 27491861 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PIK3CA is the most frequent somatic mutated oncogene in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. We previously observed an association between PIK3CA genotype and aromatase inhibitors (AI) treatment outcome. This study now evaluates whether expression of mRNAs and miRs are linked to PIK3CA genotype and are independently related to AI therapy response in order to define potential expressed biomarkers for treatment outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The miR and mRNA expression levels were evaluated for their relationship with the PIK3CA genotype in two breast tumor datasets, i.e. 286 luminal cancers from the TCGA consortium and our set of 84 ER positive primary tumors of metastatic breast cancer patients who received first line AI. BRB Array tools class comparison was performed to define miRs and mRNAs whose expression associate with PIK3CA exon 9 and 20 status. Spearman correlations established miR-mRNA pairs and mRNAs with related expression. Next, a third dataset of 25 breast cancer patients receiving neo-adjuvant letrozole was evaluated, to compare expression levels of identified miRs and mRNAs in biopsies before and after treatment. Finally, to identify potential biomarkers miR and mRNA levels were related with overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) after first-line AI therapy. RESULTS Expression of 3 miRs (miR-449a, miR-205-5p, miR-301a-3p) and 9 mRNAs (CCNO, FAM81B, LRG1, NEK10, PLCL1, PGR, SERPINA3, SORBS2, VTCN1) was related to the PIK3CA status in both datasets. All except miR-301a-3p had an increased expression in tumors with PIK3CA mutations. Validation in a publicly available dataset showed that LRG1, PGR, and SERPINA3 levels were decreased after neo-adjuvant AI-treatment. Six miR-mRNA pairs correlated significantly and stepdown analysis of all 12 factors revealed 3 mRNAs (PLCL1, LRG1, FAM81B) related to PFS. Further analyses showed LRG1 and PLCL1 expression to be unrelated with luminal subtype and to associate with OS and with PFS, the latter independent from traditional predictive factors. CONCLUSION We showed in two datasets of ER positive and luminal breast tumors that the expression of 3 miRs and 9 mRNAs associate with the PIK3CA status. Expression of LRG1 is independent of luminal (A or B) subtype, decreased after neo-adjuvant AI-treatment, and is proposed as potential biomarker for AI therapy outcome.
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Zhang J, Zhu L, Fang J, Ge Z, Li X. LRG1 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer via HIF-1α activation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:29. [PMID: 26856989 PMCID: PMC4746930 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been reported to be involved in several tumors, whether it participates in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains unclear. Here, we investigated the biological function and underlying molecular mechanisms of LRG1 in CRC. Methods The mRNA and protein levels of LRG1 were assessed in CRC tissues through RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. HCT116 and SW480 cells were treated with LRG1 siRNA, control siRNA, or recombinant LRG1. Transwell invasion assays and wound healing assays were performed to evaluate the invasion and migration of CRC cells. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers of E-cadherin, VDR, N-cadherin, α-SMA, Vimentin and Twist1 were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the secretion level of VEGF-A. Conditioned medium from CRC cells was collected for endothelial cell migration, tube formation and aortic ring sprouting assays. Results LRG1 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and associated with cancer aggressiveness. LRG1 was further found to induce the EMT process, as well as CRC cell migration and invasion capacity. In addition, LRG1 promoted VEGF-A expression in CRC cells and contributed to tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, HIF-1α could be induced by LRG1 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, which was responsible for LRG1-induced VEGF-A expression and EMT. Conclusions The present study suggests that LRG1 plays a crucial role in the progression of CRC by regulating HIF-1α expression, thereby may be a promising therapeutic target of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Lingyin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Zhizheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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27
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An Y, Zhao Z, Ou P, Wang G. Expression of LRIG1 is Associated With Good Prognosis for Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2081. [PMID: 26632716 PMCID: PMC5058985 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations, which are associated with a certain rate of response to targeted therapies, are ubiquitously found in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is largely unknown which group of patients may benefit from the respective treatments targeting different somatic mutations. Therefore, more effective prognostic and predictive markers are desperately needed for the treatment of NSCLC harboring different somatic mutations. The leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG)-1 is a tumor suppressor gene that belongs to the LRIG family. LRIG1 expression has prognostic significance in various human cancers.In this study, we first used the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemical analysis of 36 and 182 NSCLC patient tissues to analyze the LRIG1 expression respectively. To investigate the prognostic value of LRIG1 in NSCLC, we examined the correlation between clinical features and overall survival (OS) with Cox proportional hazard regression. We also compared the sensitivity and specificity of LRIG1 in NSCLC prognosis by logistic regression to further evaluate the prognostic efficiency of LRIG1 in NSCLC.We found that the LRIG1 expression was associated with pathological type, differentiation status, and stage of NSCLC. The result showed that LRIG1 was an independent prognostic factor for OS of NSCLC patients. LRIG1 in combination with other clinicopathological risk factors was a stronger prognostic model than clinicopathological risk factors alone.Thus, the LRIG1 expression potentially offered a significant clinical value in directing personal treatment for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi An
- From the Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China (YA); Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI (ZZ); and Department of Immunology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, P.R. China (PO, GW)
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28
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Glorieux G, Mullen W, Duranton F, Filip S, Gayrard N, Husi H, Schepers E, Neirynck N, Schanstra JP, Jankowski J, Mischak H, Argilés À, Vanholder R, Vlahou A, Klein J. New insights in molecular mechanisms involved in chronic kidney disease using high-resolution plasma proteome analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 30:1842-52. [PMID: 26160894 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reduced glomerular filtration rate in the advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to plasma accumulation of uraemic retention solutes including proteins. It has been hypothesized that these changes may, at least in part, be responsible for CKD-associated morbidity and mortality. However, most studies focused on the role of individual proteins, while a holistic, large-scale, integrative approach may generate significant additional insight. METHODS In a discovery study, we analysed the plasma proteome of patients with stage 2-3 CKD (n = 14) and stage 5 CKD with haemodialysis (HD) (n = 15), using high-resolution LC-MS/MS analysis. Selected results were validated in a cohort of 40 patients with different CKD stages with or without HD, using ELISA. RESULTS Of a total of 2054 detected proteins, 127 displayed lower, while 206 displayed higher abundance in the plasma of patients on HD. Molecular pathway analysis confirmed the modification of known processes involved in CKD complications, including decreased haemostasis and increased inflammation, complement activation and vascular damage. In addition, we identified the plasma increase during CKD progression of lysozyme C and leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein, two proteins related to vascular damage and heart failure. High level of leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein was associated with higher mortality in stage 5 CKD patients on HD. CONCLUSIONS This study provides for the first time a comprehensive assessment of CKD plasma proteome, contributing to new knowledge and potential markers of CKD. These results will serve as a basis for future studies investigating the relevance of these molecules in CKD associated morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Glorieux
- Nephrology Section, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - William Mullen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Szymon Filip
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Holger Husi
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eva Schepers
- Nephrology Section, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- University Hospital RWTH, Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen, Germany
| | - Harald Mischak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece School of Biomedical & Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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29
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Zhang Y, Luo Q, Wang N, Hu F, Jin H, Ge T, Wang C, Qin W. LRG1 suppresses the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Med Oncol 2015; 32:146. [PMID: 25814288 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor driven by complex pathological mechanisms and is characterized by fast progression and poor prognosis. The main cause of death in HCC patients is tumor metastasis. However, underlying molecular mechanisms of metastasis are largely unknown in HCC. In the present study, a novel metastasis-related gene, leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), was identified in HCC. We revealed that LRG1 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. In vitro assays demonstrated LRG1 had no effect on cell proliferation. Migratory and invasive potential of HCC cells was reduced by ectopic overexpression of LRG1, whereas silencing LRG1 could enhance migration and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, exogenous recombinant human protein of LRG1 could inhibit migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro. The above findings indicate that LGR1 is involved in the inhibition of HCC metastasis and it may function as a novel metastasis suppressor in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 25 Xie-tu Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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30
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Song W, Wang X. The role of TGFβ1 and LRG1 in cardiac remodelling and heart failure. Biophys Rev 2015; 7:91-104. [PMID: 28509980 PMCID: PMC4322186 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-014-0158-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a life-threatening condition that carries a considerable emotional and socio-economic burden. As a result of the global increase in the ageing population, sedentary life-style, increased prevalence of risk factors, and improved survival from cardiovascular events, the incidence of heart failure will continue to rise. Despite the advances in current cardiovascular therapies, many patients are not suitable for or may not benefit from conventional treatments. Thus, more effective therapies are required. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β family of cytokines is involved in heart development and dys-regulated TGFβ signalling is commonly associated with fibrosis, aberrant angiogenesis and accelerated progression into heart failure. Therefore, a potential therapeutic pathway is to modulate TGFβ signalling; however, broad blockage of TGFβ signalling may cause unwanted side effects due to its pivotal role in tissue homeostasis. We found that leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) promotes blood vessel formation via regulating the context-dependent endothelial TGFβ signalling. This review will focus on the interaction between LRG1 and TGFβ signalling, their involvement in the pathogenesis of heart failure, and the potential for LRG1 to function as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Song
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontiers Block, Level 4, 50 Nan yang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontiers Block, Level 4, 50 Nan yang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore. .,Division of Cell Biology in Health and Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
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