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He XN, Zeng ZZ, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Kuang SY, Tang L, Li SW, Feng L, Zhou XQ. Aflatoxin B1 decreased flesh flavor and inhibited muscle development in grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 18:27-38. [PMID: 39026602 PMCID: PMC11254537 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In nature, aflatoxins, especially aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are the common mycotoxins, which cause serious health problems for humans and animals. This paper aimed to study the effects of AFB1 on flesh flavor and muscle development of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and its mechanism. There were 1440 individual fish in total, with 6 treatments and each treatment replicated 3 times. The 6 treatments were fed a control diet with different doses of AFB1 (0.04, 29.48, 58.66, 85.94, 110.43 and 146.92 μg/kg diet) for 60 d. AFB1 increased myofiber diameter, as well as decreased myofiber density of grass carp muscle (P < 0.05). The contents of free amino acid decreased gradually (P < 0.05) as dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass carp. The levels of reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde and protein carbonyl (PC) were increased (P < 0.05) with the dietary AFB1 increased. The levels of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione reductase, total antioxidant capacity, anti-superoxide anion, and anti-hydroxyl radical) were decreased (P < 0.05) with the dietary AFB1 increased. In addition, dietary AFB1 decreased the content of collagen, and downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathway in grass carp muscle (P < 0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of myogenic regulatory factors were downregulated in grass carp muscle (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were increased (P < 0.05), and the protein levels of phosphorylate-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK), phosphorylate-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), MMP-2 and MMP-9 were upregulated (P < 0.05), but collagen Ⅰ, laminin β1 and fibronectin were downregulated (P < 0.05) with the dietary AFB1 increased in the muscle of grass carp. Based on the results of this study, we can draw the following conclusion: dietary AFB1 might damage flesh flavor and inhibit the muscle development through MAPK/uPA/MMP/extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling pathway in grass carp. Moreover, the recommended safe limit of AFB1 in feed is no more than 26.77 μg/kg diet according to the PC levels in grass carp muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ning He
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
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Sun L, Yin H, Li YT, Qiao YX, Wang J, He QY, Xiao ZW, Kuai L, Xiang YW. Shengjihuayu formula ameliorates the oxidative injury in human keratinocytes via blocking JNK/c-Jun/MMPs signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117938. [PMID: 38395178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge in the chronic wound tissue of diabetic ulcers (DUs) aggravates the inflammatory response. The oxidative stress state during inflammation will exacerbate inflammation and cause tissue damage, resulting in prolonged wound healing. Shengjihuayu Formula (SJHYF) is a renowned Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic wounds in diabetic ulcers. Growing clinical evidence has demonstrated that SJHYF exhibits superior therapeutic efficacy and has a favorable safety profile. However, the underlying mechanisms by which SJHYF ameliorates oxidative damage under pathological conditions of DUs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the cytoprotective properties of SJHYF on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes and to explore its potential targets and molecular pathways in treating DUs using RNA-seq. METHODS HaCaT cells were incubated with H2O2 for 24 h to construct an oxidative stress cell model. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using the MTT and EdU assays, respectively. Cell migration was assessed using the scratch assay, and the fluorescence intensity of ROS was measured using the DCFH-DA probe. The chemical components of SJHYF were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, while the therapeutic effects of SJHYF on H2O2-induced HaCaT cells were analyzed using RNA-Seq. The potential target genes were validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). At the same time, the pathway phenotype expression of SJHYF on the protection of H2O2-induced HaCaT cells was explored using Western Blot. RESULTS The application of SJHY at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL promoted cell proliferation, cell migration, and reduced ROS production. In addition, SJHYF was detected to have a total of 93 active compounds, including key components such as Galloyl-beta-D-glucose, Danshensu, Procyanidin B2, Catechin, and Alkannin. The RNA-seq analysis identified several core targets namely KRT17, TGM1, JUNB, PRDX5, TXNIP, PRDX1, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSPA8, and TNF-α. Western blot revealed the presence of the JNK/c-Jun/MMPs pathway and its related transcription factors. CONCLUSION SJHYF displays significant protective effects on H2O2-induced oxidative cell damage in HaCaT cells via blocking the JNK/c-Jun/MMPs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Institute of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yi He
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Xiao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Wei Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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Kim J, Kim Y, La J, Park WH, Kim HJ, Park SH, Ku KB, Kang BH, Lim J, Kwon MS, Lee HK. Supplementation with a high-glucose drink stimulates anti-tumor immune responses to glioblastoma via gut microbiota modulation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113220. [PMID: 37804509 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A high-sugar diet induces lifestyle-associated metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes, which may underlie the pro-tumor effects of a high-sugar diet. We supply GL261 syngeneic glioblastoma (GBM) mice with a short-term high-glucose drink (HGD) and find an increased survival rate with no evidence of metabolic disease. Modulation of the gut microbiota through HGD supplementation is critical for enhancing the anti-tumor immune response. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows that gut microbiota modulation by HGD supplementation increases the T cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response in GBM mice. We find that the cytotoxic CD4+ T cell population in GBM is increased due to synergy with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors, but this effect depends upon HGD supplementation. Thus, we determine that HGD supplementation enhances anti-tumor immune responses in GBM mice through gut microbiota modulation and suggest that the role of HGD supplementation in GBM should be re-examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo La
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Bon Ku
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Hoon Kang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Lim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Seung Kwon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Cooper ID, Kyriakidou Y, Edwards K, Petagine L, Seyfried TN, Duraj T, Soto-Mota A, Scarborough A, Jacome SL, Brookler K, Borgognoni V, Novaes V, Al-Faour R, Elliott BT. Ketosis Suppression and Ageing (KetoSAge): The Effects of Suppressing Ketosis in Long Term Keto-Adapted Non-Athletic Females. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15621. [PMID: 37958602 PMCID: PMC10650498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Most studies on ketosis have focused on short-term effects, male athletes, or weight loss. Hereby, we studied the effects of short-term ketosis suppression in healthy women on long-standing ketosis. Ten lean (BMI 20.5 ± 1.4), metabolically healthy, pre-menopausal women (age 32.3 ± 8.9) maintaining nutritional ketosis (NK) for > 1 year (3.9 years ± 2.3) underwent three 21-day phases: nutritional ketosis (NK; P1), suppressed ketosis (SuK; P2), and returned to NK (P3). Adherence to each phase was confirmed with daily capillary D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) tests (P1 = 1.9 ± 0.7; P2 = 0.1 ± 0.1; and P3 = 1.9 ± 0.6 pmol/L). Ageing biomarkers and anthropometrics were evaluated at the end of each phase. Ketosis suppression significantly increased: insulin, 1.78-fold from 33.60 (± 8.63) to 59.80 (± 14.69) pmol/L (p = 0.0002); IGF1, 1.83-fold from 149.30 (± 32.96) to 273.40 (± 85.66) µg/L (p = 0.0045); glucose, 1.17-fold from 78.6 (± 9.5) to 92.2 (± 10.6) mg/dL (p = 0.0088); respiratory quotient (RQ), 1.09-fold 0.66 (± 0.05) to 0.72 (± 0.06; p = 0.0427); and PAI-1, 13.34 (± 6.85) to 16.69 (± 6.26) ng/mL (p = 0.0428). VEGF, EGF, and monocyte chemotactic protein also significantly increased, indicating a pro-inflammatory shift. Sustained ketosis showed no adverse health effects, and may mitigate hyperinsulinemia without impairing metabolic flexibility in metabolically healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella D. Cooper
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Yvoni Kyriakidou
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Kurtis Edwards
- Cancer Biomarkers and Mechanisms Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Lucy Petagine
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Thomas N. Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA; (T.N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Tomas Duraj
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA; (T.N.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Adrian Soto-Mota
- Metabolic Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
| | - Andrew Scarborough
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Sandra L. Jacome
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Kenneth Brookler
- Retired former Research Collaborator, Aerospace Medicine and Vestibular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA;
| | - Valentina Borgognoni
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Vanusa Novaes
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Rima Al-Faour
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
| | - Bradley T. Elliott
- Ageing Biology and Age-Related Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK; (Y.K.); (L.P.); (A.S.); (S.L.J.); (V.B.); (V.N.); (R.A.-F.); (B.T.E.)
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Ahmed SBM, Radwan N, Amer S, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Mahdami A, Samara KA, Halwani R, Jelinek HF. Assessing the Link between Diabetic Metabolic Dysregulation and Breast Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11816. [PMID: 37511575 PMCID: PMC10380477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a burdensome disease that affects various cellular functions through altered glucose metabolism. Several reports have linked diabetes to cancer development; however, the exact molecular mechanism of how diabetes-related traits contribute to cancer progression is not fully understood. The current study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the potential effect of hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia on the progression of breast cancer cells. To this end, gene dysregulation induced by the exposure of MCF7 breast cancer cells to hyperglycemia (HG), or a combination of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia (HGI), was analyzed using a microarray gene expression assay. Hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia induced differential expression of 45 genes (greater than or equal to two-fold), which were not shared by other treatments. On the other hand, in silico analysis performed using a publicly available dataset (GEO: GSE150586) revealed differential upregulation of 15 genes in the breast tumor tissues of diabetic patients with breast cancer when compared with breast cancer patients with no diabetes. SLC26A11, ALDH1A3, MED20, PABPC4 and SCP2 were among the top upregulated genes in both microarray data and the in silico analysis. In conclusion, hyperglycemia combined with hyperinsulinemia caused a likely unique signature that contributes to acquiring more carcinogenic traits. Indeed, these findings might potentially add emphasis on how monitoring diabetes-related metabolic alteration as an adjunct to diabetes therapy is important in improving breast cancer outcomes. However, further detailed studies are required to decipher the role of the highlighted genes, in this study, in the pathogenesis of breast cancer in patients with a different glycemic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrein B M Ahmed
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Nada Radwan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Amer
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amena Mahdami
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kamel A Samara
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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Yang YS, Kornelius E, Lo SC, Wang YH, Huang CN. Aspirin and Risk of Specific Breast Cancer Subtype in Women with Diabetes. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2023; 32:341-346. [PMID: 36602517 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Low-dose aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer in women with diabetes. However, whether the protective effect of aspirin varies as a function of the hormone receptor status of breast cancer remained an unanswered question. This study aims to explore the association between aspirin use and the risk of specific breast cancer subtypes in women with diabetes. Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study of women with diabetes, using the Taiwan National Health Insurance reimbursement database (year 1998 to 2011). Patients diagnosed to have diabetes with new low-dose aspirin use (75-165 mg per day) for at least 28 days of prescription were identified as the study population, while patients without low-dose aspirin use were selected as controls. The main outcome measure was breast cancer by aspirin use and hormone receptor status. Results: We studied a total of 148,739 patients with diabetes. Their mean (standard deviation) age was 63.3 (12.8) years. During follow-up, a total of 849 breast cancers occurred, including 329 hormone receptor-positive and 529 hormone receptor-negative tumors. A total of 27,378 patients were taking aspirin. The reduction in risk with aspirin use was seen among those with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (Hazard ratio [HR]: 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.91) but not for women with hormone receptor-negative breast cancer (HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.74-1.05). A cumulative dose of aspirin use of more than 8,600 mg was found to reduce the risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer by 31% (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.50-0.97). A cumulative dose of aspirin use of more than 88,900 mg was found to reduce both the risk of hormone receptor-positive and negative breast cancer. Conclusion: These data add to the growing evidence that supports the use of low-dose aspirin as a potential chemopreventive agent for specific subtypes of breast cancer. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sun Yang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Edy Kornelius
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chan Lo
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Recent Advances in the Knowledge of the Mechanisms of Leptin Physiology and Actions in Neurological and Metabolic Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021422. [PMID: 36674935 PMCID: PMC9860943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess body weight is frequently associated with low-grade inflammation. Evidence indicates a relationship between obesity and cancer, as well as with other diseases, such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in which inflammation and the actions of various adipokines play a role in the pathological mechanisms involved in these disorders. Leptin is mainly produced by adipose tissue in proportion to fat stores, but it is also synthesized in other organs, where leptin receptors are expressed. This hormone performs numerous actions in the brain, mainly related to the control of energy homeostasis. It is also involved in neurogenesis and neuroprotection, and central leptin resistance is related to some neurological disorders, e.g., Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In peripheral tissues, leptin is implicated in the regulation of metabolism, as well as of bone density and muscle mass. All these actions can be affected by changes in leptin levels and the mechanisms associated with resistance to this hormone. This review will present recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of leptin action and their underlying roles in pathological situations, which may be of interest for revealing new approaches for the treatment of diseases where the actions of this adipokine might be compromised.
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Dey S, Murmu N, Mondal T, Saha I, Chatterjee S, Manna R, Haldar S, Dash SK, Sarkar TR, Giri B. Multifaceted entrancing role of glucose and its analogue, 2-deoxy-D-glucose in cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and virus infection. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hong X, Hu Y, Yuan Z, Fang Z, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Guo C. Oxidatively Damaged Nucleic Acid: Linking Diabetes and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1153-1167. [PMID: 35946074 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Our current knowledge of the mechanism between diabetes and cancer is limited. Oxidatively damaged nucleic acid is considered a critical factor to explore the connections between these two diseases. Recent Advances: The link between diabetes mellitus and cancer has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Emerging evidence supports that oxidatively damaged nucleic acid caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and elimination is a bridge connecting diabetes and cancer. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine assume important roles as biomarkers in assessing the relationship between oxidatively damaged nucleic acid and cancer. Critical Issues: The consequences of diabetes are extensive and may lead to the occurrence of cancer by influencing a combination of factors. At present, there is no direct evidence that diabetes causes cancer by affecting a single factor. Furthermore, the difficulty in controlling variables and differences in detection methods lead to poor reliability and repeatability of results, and there are no clear cutoff values for biomarkers to indicate cancer risk. Future Directions: A better understanding of connections as well as mechanisms between diabetes and cancer is still needed. Both diabetes and cancer are currently intractable diseases. Further exploration of the specific mechanism of oxidatively damaged nucleic acid in the connection between diabetes and cancer is urgently needed. In the future, it is necessary to further take oxidatively damaged nucleic acid as an entry point to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and cancer. Experimental drugs targeting the repair process of oxidatively generated damage require an extensive preclinical evaluation and could ultimately provide new treatment strategies for these diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1153-1167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Hong
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Yuan
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Pereira IC, Mascarenhas IF, Capetini VC, Ferreira PMP, Rogero MM, Torres-Leal FL. Cellular reprogramming, chemoresistance, and dietary interventions in breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 179:103796. [PMID: 36049616 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) diagnosis has been associated with significant risk factors, including family history, late menopause, obesity, poor eating habits, and alcoholism. Despite the advances in the last decades regarding cancer treatment, some obstacles still hinder the effectiveness of therapy. For example, chemotherapy resistance is common in locally advanced or metastatic cancer, reducing treatment options and contributing to mortality. In this review, we provide an overview of BC metabolic changes, including the impact of restrictive diets associated with chemoresistance, the therapeutic potential of the diet on tumor progression, pathways related to metabolic health in oncology, and perspectives on the future in the area of oncological nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irislene Costa Pereira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Isabele Frazão Mascarenhas
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; Metabolic Diseases, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group (DOMEN), Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
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11
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Cancer and its predictors in Chinese adults with newly diagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT): a 30-year follow-up of the Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:102-108. [PMID: 35256755 PMCID: PMC9276667 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to explore if hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinemia in the diabetes and prediabetes population were associated with increased risk of cancer occurence. Methods Overall, 1700 participants with different glycaemic statuses were screened from the 110,660 residents of Da-Qing, China, in 1985. They were followed up to 30 years to access cancer outcomes. Results Cancer was identified in 15.2% (259/1700) of the participants. The incidence of cancer in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes groups was 6.06, 6.77, and 7.18 per 1000 person-years, respectively (P = 0.02). In the Fine-Gray model with all cause death as competing risk, compared with the NGT controls, both IGT and diabetes groups demonstrated significantly higher risk of cancer (for the IGT group, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.77, 95% CI 1.38–2.27, P < 0.0001; for the diabetes, aHR = 3.34, 95% CI 2.64–4.22, P < 0.0001). Among the IGT participants, progress to diabetes (aHR = 2.28, 95%CI 1.24–4.20, P = 0.008) and insulin-area under the curve at baseline (for 1 SD increase, aHR = 1.39, P = 0.02) were also associated with the risk of cancer after adjustment of covariables. Conclusions Hyperglycaemia in patients with diabetes, hyperinsulinemia, and progression to diabetes in people with IGT is significantly associated with the long-term increased risk of cancer occurrence.
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12
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Thani I, Kasbe T. Expert system based on fuzzy rules for diagnosing breast cancer. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12553-022-00643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Wang X, Ding S. The biological and pharmacological connections between diabetes and various types of cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 227:153641. [PMID: 34619575 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer incidence have risen tremendously over the years. Additionally, both cancer and diabetes share numerous risks, such as overweight, inactive lifestyles, older age, and smoking. Numerous methods have been suggested to connect obesity and diabetes to cancer advancements, such as increasing insulin/ Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) signaling, lipid and glucose uptake and metabolism, shifts in the cytokine, chemokine, and adipokine profile also variations in the adipose tissue immediately adjacent to cancer spots. Diabetes has been found to have a complicated cancer-causing mechanism involving excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, loss of critical macromolecules, chronic inflammation, and delayed repair, all of which contribute to carcinogenesis. Diabetes-associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition lead to the formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumors by enabling tumor cells to extravasate via the endothelium and epithelium. This study aims to describe the correlation between diabetes and cancer, as well as summarize the molecular connections and shared pathways such as sex hormones, hyperglycemia, inflammation, insulin axis, metabolic symbiosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that exist between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechang Wang
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Suming Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, China
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14
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Zhang F, de Haan-Du J, Sidorenkov G, Landman GWD, Jalving M, Zhang Q, de Bock GH. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Clinicopathological Tumor Characteristics in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194992. [PMID: 34638475 PMCID: PMC8508341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor prognosis caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with breast cancer is conferred, while the association between T2DM and breast tumor aggressiveness is still a matter of debate. This study aimed to clarify the differences in breast cancer characteristics, including stage, size, lymph node status, grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2), between patients with and without pre-existing T2DM. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies from 1 January 2010 to 2 July 2021. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using a random effects model. T2DM was significantly associated with tumor stages III/IV versus cancers in situ and stages I/II (pooled ORs (pOR), 95% CI: 1.19; 1.04-1.36, p = 0.012), tumor size >20 versus ≤20 mm (pOR, 95% CI: 1.18; 1.04-1.35, p = 0.013), and lymph node invasion versus no involvement (pOR, 95% CI: 1.26; 1.05-1.51, p = 0.013). These findings suggest that women with T2DM are at a higher risk of late-stage tumors, large tumor sizes, and invasive lymph nodes at breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.Z.); (J.d.H.-D.); (G.H.d.B.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jing de Haan-Du
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.Z.); (J.d.H.-D.); (G.H.d.B.)
| | - Grigory Sidorenkov
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.Z.); (J.d.H.-D.); (G.H.d.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gijs W. D. Landman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gelre Hospital, 7334 DZ Apeldoorn, The Netherlands;
| | - Mathilde Jalving
- Department of Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Qingying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Geertruida H. de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (F.Z.); (J.d.H.-D.); (G.H.d.B.)
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15
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Hyperglycemic conditions proliferate triple negative breast cancer cells: role of ornithine decarboxylase. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 190:255-264. [PMID: 34529197 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several cancer subtypes (pancreatic, breast, liver, and colorectal) rapidly advance to higher aggressive stages in diabetes. Though hyperglycemia has been considered as a fuel for growth of cancer cells, pathways leading to this condition are still under investigation. Cellular polyamines can modulate normal and cancer cell growth, and inhibitors of polyamine synthesis have been approved for treating colon cancer, however the role of polyamines in diabetes-mediated cancer advancement is unclear as yet. We hypothesized that polyamine metabolic pathway is involved with increased proliferation of breast cancer cells under high glucose (HG) conditions. METHODS Studies were performed with varying concentrations of glucose (5-25 mM) exposure in invasive, triple negative breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231; non-invasive, estrogen/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer cells, MCF-7; and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells, MCF-10A. RESULTS There was a significant increase in proliferation with HG (25 mM) at 48-72 h in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells but no such effect was observed in MCF-7 cells. This was correlated to higher activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis pathway. Inhibitor of polyamine synthesis (difluoromethylornithine, DFMO, 5 mM) was quite effective in suppressing HG-mediated cell proliferation and ODC activity in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A cells. Polyamine (putrescine) levels were significantly elevated with HG treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells. HG exposure also increased the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our cellular findings indicate that polyamine inhibition should be explored in patient population as a target for future chemotherapeutics in diabetic breast cancer.
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16
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Farahani-Zangaraki M, Taheri A, Etebari M. Niosome-carvedilol protects DNA damage of supraphysiologic concentrations of insulin using comet assay: An in vitro study. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S150-S157. [PMID: 34334013 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211036124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperinsulinemia occurs in type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance. This increase in insulin levels in the blood increases reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress, resulting in DNA damage. Carvedilol (CRV) is a non-selective beta-blocker, and research has shown that this compound and its metabolites have anti-oxidative properties. Carvedilol can, directly and indirectly, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has a protective effect on DNA damage from oxidative stress. Given the insolubility of CRV in water, finding new methods to increase its solubility can be an essential step in research. This study aimed to determine whether carvedilol could have a protective effect on insulin-induced genomic damage. Methods: We treated cells with insulin alone, amorphous-CRV alone, and amorphous-CRV and niosomal-CRV with insulin and DNA damage were investigated using the comet method to achieve this goal. Results: Our results showed that insulin in the studied concentration has a significant genotoxic effect and non-cytotoxic at higher concentrations. CRV, both in amorphous and niosome form, reduced insulin-induced DNA damage by reducing ROS production. The comet assay results demonstrate that treating HUVEC cells in pretreatment condition with amorphous-CRV and niosome-CRV significantly reduces DNA damage of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Farahani-Zangaraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 108868Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azade Taheri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, 108868Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Etebari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, 108868Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Prevention of High Glucose-Mediated EMT by Inhibition of Hsp70 Chaperone. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136902. [PMID: 34199046 PMCID: PMC8268552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia may contribute to the progression of carcinomas by triggering epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Some proteostasis systems are involved in metastasis; in this paper, we sought to explore the mechanism of Hsp70 chaperone in EMT. We showed that knockdown of Hsp70 reduced cell migration capacity concomitantly with levels of mRNA of the Slug, Snail, and Twist markers of EMT, in colon cancer cells incubated in high glucose medium. Conversely, treatment of cells with Hsp70 inducer U-133 were found to elevate cell motility, along with the other EMT markers. To prove that inhibiting Hsp70 may reduce EMT efficiency, we treated cells with a CL-43 inhibitor of the HSF1 transcription factor, which lowered Hsp70 and HSF1 content in the control and induced EMT in carcinoma cells. Importantly, CL-43 reduced migration capacity, EMT-linked transcription factors, and increased content of epithelial marker E-cadherin in colon cancer cells of three lines, including one derived from a clinical sample. To prove that Hsp70 chaperone should be targeted when inhibiting the EMT pathway, we treated cancer cells with 2-phenylethynesulfonamide (PES) and demonstrated that the compound inhibited substrate-binding capacity of Hsp70. Furthermore, PES suppressed EMT features, cell motility, and expression of specific transcription factors. In conclusion, the Hsp70 chaperone machine efficiently protects mechanisms of the EMT, and the safe inhibitors of the chaperone are needed to hamper metastasis at its initial stage.
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18
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Supabphol S, Seubwai W, Wongkham S, Saengboonmee C. High glucose: an emerging association between diabetes mellitus and cancer progression. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1175-1193. [PMID: 34036430 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02096-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The association of cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been studied for decades. Hyperglycemia and the imbalance of hormones are factors that contribute to the molecular link between DM and carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Hyperglycemia alone or in combination with hyperinsulinemia are key factors that promote cancer aggressiveness. Many preclinical studies suggest that high glucose induces abnormal energy metabolism and aggressive cancer via several mechanisms. As evidenced by clinical studies, hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients who have comorbid DM. The prognoses of cancer patients with DM are improved when their plasma glucose levels are controlled. This suggests that high glucose level maybe be involved in the molecular mechanism that causes the link between DM and cancer and may also be useful for prognosis of cancer progression. This review comprehensively summarizes the evidence from recent pre-clinical and clinical studies of the impact of hyperglycemia on cancer advancement as well as the underlying molecular mechanism for this impact. Awareness among clinicians of the association between hyperglycemia or DM and cancer progression may improve cancer treatment outcome in patients who have DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suangson Supabphol
- The Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Zare ME, Kansestani AN, Hemmati S, Mansouri K, Vaisi-Raygani A. The rate of aerobic glycolysis is a pivotal regulator of tumor progression. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:523-531. [PMID: 34178852 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cancer cells depend on glucose metabolism via exclusive glycolysis pathway is named Aerobic glycolysis or Warburg effect. The aim of this study was investigation of different glucose accessibility conditions on the rate of Warburg effect and its impact on Hypoxia inducible factors-1 α (HIF-1 α)/vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) pathway in breast cancer cells lines. Methods MDA-MB-231 (Warburg phenomenon) and MCF-7 (oxidative) cell lines were cultured in DMEM and exposed to three different glucose accessibility medium for 48 h (5.5 mM as normal glucose (NG), 25 mM as high glucose (HG) and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) as restricted glucose accessibility). Glucose uptake, intra/extracellular lactate and pyruvate, HIF-1α accumulation and vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) expression were evaluated by standard methods. Results Our results showed in NG condition both of cell lines produce lactate, but it was higher in MDA-MB-231. HG condition increased extracellular lactate in both cell lines especially in MCF-7 cells whereas intracellular lactate and pyruvate raised only in MCF-7. 2-DG decreased extracellular and intracellular lactate and pyruvate in both cell lines especially in MDA-MB-231. HIF-1α accumulation was detectable in NG condition in both cell lines. HG condition increased HIF-1α accumulation in MCF-7 cells but not in MDA-MB-231 and 2-DG decreased it in both call lines, especially in MDA-MB-231. Expression of VEGF had similar pattern with HIF-1α in different conditions. Conclusions Our findings revealed the rate of Warburg effect is an important indicator for tumor promotion and invasion due to its impacts on important transcription factors like HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Erfan Zare
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Atefeh Nasir Kansestani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahrooz Hemmati
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asad Vaisi-Raygani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah Avenue, Kermanshah, 67148-69914 Iran
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20
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Qiu J, Zheng Q, Meng X. Hyperglycemia and Chemoresistance in Breast Cancer: From Cellular Mechanisms to Treatment Response. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628359. [PMID: 33718202 PMCID: PMC7947364 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Female breast cancer is a complex, multifactorial disease. Studies have shown that hyperglycemia is one of the most important contributing factors to increasing the risk of breast cancer that also has a major impact on the efficacy of chemotherapy. At the cellular level, hyperglycemia can promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells and can also induce anti-apoptotic responses to enhance the chemoresistance of tumors via abnormal glucose metabolism. In this article, we focus on the latest progress in defining the mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in hyperglycemic patients including the abnormal behaviors of cancer cells in the hyperglycemic microenvironment and the impact of abnormal glucose metabolism on key signaling pathways. To better understand the advantages and challenges of breast cancer treatments, we explore the causes of drug resistance in hyperglycemic patients that may help to better inform the development of effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghui Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Shuvalov O, Daks A, Fedorova O, Petukhov A, Barlev N. Linking Metabolic Reprogramming, Plasticity and Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040762. [PMID: 33673109 PMCID: PMC7917602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the present review, we discuss the role of metabolic reprogramming which occurs in malignant cells. The process of metabolic reprogramming is also known as one of the “hallmarks of cancer”. Due to several reasons, including the origin of cancer, tumor microenvironment, and the tumor progression stage, metabolic reprogramming can be heterogeneous and dynamic. In this review, we provide evidence that the usage of metabolic drugs is a promising approach to treat cancer. However, because these drugs can damage not only malignant cells but also normal rapidly dividing cells, it is important to understand the exact metabolic changes which are elicited by particular drivers in concrete tissue and are specific for each stage of cancer development, including metastases. Finally, the review highlights new promising targets for the development of new metabolic drugs. Abstract The specific molecular features of cancer cells that distinguish them from the normal ones are denoted as “hallmarks of cancer”. One of the critical hallmarks of cancer is an altered metabolism which provides tumor cells with energy and structural resources necessary for rapid proliferation. The key feature of a cancer-reprogrammed metabolism is its plasticity, allowing cancer cells to better adapt to various conditions and to oppose different therapies. Furthermore, the alterations of metabolic pathways in malignant cells are heterogeneous and are defined by several factors including the tissue of origin, driving mutations, and microenvironment. In the present review, we discuss the key features of metabolic reprogramming and plasticity associated with different stages of tumor, from primary tumors to metastases. We also provide evidence of the successful usage of metabolic drugs in anticancer therapy. Finally, we highlight new promising targets for the development of new metabolic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexey Petukhov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nickolai Barlev
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
- MIPT, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- Orekhovich IBMC, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-812-297-4519
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Lun YZ, Sun J, Liu B, Dong W, Pan LH, Lin J, Zhang JX. The Inhibitory Effects of Recombinant Hespintor Combined with Sorafenib on Transplanted Human Hepatoma in Nude Mice, and Transcriptional Regulation of Hespintor Based on RNA-Seq. J Cancer 2021; 12:343-357. [PMID: 33391431 PMCID: PMC7738984 DOI: 10.7150/jca.50500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: As targeted drugs, exogenous serpins could be introduced to patients to restore body balance. This study aimed to observe further the inhibitory effects of recombinant Hespintor (a Kazal-type serpin) combined with Sorafenib on transplanted human hepatoma tumors in nude mice specimens and to explore the possible transcriptional regulation by Hespintor. Methods: A model of human hepatoma tumors transplanted in nude mice was established, and the medication was administrated to observe the growth of the tumors. Four weeks after the drug administration, the tumors were removed to evaluate the inhibition effects of Hespintor on in-situ tumor growth and liver metastasis. The expression levels of MMP2, MMP9, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in the tumor organizations were detected with Western blot. The target genes of the Hespintor were screened based on tissue RNA-Seq, and the regulatory network was constructed. Results: It was found that the recombinant Hespintor displayed a significant antitumor effect on the subcutaneous growth of MHCC97-H cells. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of the combination therapy were significantly better than those of single therapy. 10 target genes with significantly different expression by Hespintoron tumor tissue were identified. Finally, a visual regulatory networkwas constructed for target mRNA-pathway. Conclusions: The antitumor effect of Hespintor combined with Sorafenib in treating the subcutaneously implanted hepatocellular carcinoma tumors in nude mice was significant. The possible transcriptional regulation by Hespintor involved multiple signaling pathways, and it was not just the antitumor effect of uPA via its extracellular inhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Lun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Ling-Hong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Jing-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microecology, Fujian Province University, School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
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23
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Nilchian A, Giotopoulou N, Sun W, Fuxe J. Different Regulation of Glut1 Expression and Glucose Uptake during the Induction and Chronic Stages of TGFβ1-Induced EMT in Breast Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1621. [PMID: 33271824 PMCID: PMC7760794 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), lymph metastasis, and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Paradoxically, TGF-β1 is also a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation. TGF-β1-induced EMT involves activation of several pathways including AKT, which also regulates glucose uptake. Recent data show that prolonged TGF-β1 exposure leads to a more stable EMT phenotype in breast cancer cells. However, whether this is linked to changes in glucose metabolism is not clear. Here, we used a model of TGF-β1-induced EMT in mammary epithelial cells to study the regulation of Glut1 and EMT markers during the induction compared to a prolonged phase of EMT by western blot, immunofluorescence and qPCR analysis. We also measured cell proliferation and uptake of the glucose analogue 2-NDBG. We found that EMT induction was associated with decreased Glut1 expression and glucose uptake. These effects were linked to reduced cell proliferation rather than EMT. Knockdown of Glut1 resulted in growth inhibition and less induction of vimentin during TGF-β1-induced EMT. Intriguingly, Glut1 levels, glucose uptake and cell proliferation were restored during prolonged EMT. The results link Glut1 repression to the anti-proliferative response of TGF-β1 and indicate that re-expression of Glut1 during chronic TGF-β1 exposure allows breast cancer cells to develop stable EMT and proliferate, in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonas Fuxe
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), H5, Division of Pathology, F46, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden; (A.N.); (N.G.); (W.S.)
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24
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Thonsri U, Wongkham S, Wongkham C, Hino S, Nakao M, Roytrakul S, Koga T, Seubwai W. High glucose-ROS conditions enhance the progression in cholangiocarcinoma via upregulation of MAN2A2 and CHD8. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:254-264. [PMID: 33141432 PMCID: PMC7780024 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor in the development and progression of several cancers including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the molecular mechanism by which hyperglycemia potentiates progression of CCA is not clearly understood. Here, we showed that a high glucose condition significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and promoted aggressive phenotypes of CCA cells, including proliferation and migration activities. Mannosidase alpha class 2a member 2 (MAN2A2), was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in a high glucose‐ and ROS‐dependent manner. In addition, cell proliferation and migration were significantly reduced by MAN2A2 knockdown. Based on our proteome and in silico analyses, we further found that chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding protein 8 (CHD8) was induced by ROS signaling and regulated MAN2A2 expression. Overexpression of CHD8 increased MAN2A2 expression, while CHD8 knockdown dramatically reduced proliferation and migration as well as MAN2A2 expression in CCA cells. Moreover, both MAN2A2 and CHD8 were highly expressed with positive correlation in CCA tumor tissues. Collectively, these data suggested that high glucose conditions promote CCA progression through ROS‐mediated upregulation of MAN2A2 and CHD8. Thus, glucose metabolism is a promising therapeutic target to control tumor progression in patients with CCA and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unchalee Thonsri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Shinjiro Hino
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tomoaki Koga
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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25
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NR2F2 plays a major role in insulin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:626. [PMID: 32631390 PMCID: PMC7336611 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The failure of treatment for breast cancer usually results from distant metastasis in which the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role. Hyperinsulinemia, the hallmark of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been regarded as a key risk factor for the progression of breast cancer. Nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2 (NR2F2) has been implicated in the development of breast cancer, however its contribution to insulin-induced EMT in breast cancer remains unclear. Methods Overexpression and knockdown of NR2F2 were used in two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 to investigate potential mechanisms by which NR2F2 leads to insulin-mediated EMT. To elucidate the effects of insulin and signaling events following NR2F2 overexpression and knockdown, Cells’ invasion and migration capacity and changes of NR2F2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin were investigated by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. Results Insulin stimulation of these cells increased NR2F2 expression levels and promoted cell invasion and migration accompanied by alterations in EMT-related molecular markers. Overexpression of NR2F2 and NR2F2 knockdown demonstrated that NR2F2 expression was positively correlated with cell invasion, migration and the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. In contrast, NR2F2 had an inverse correlation with E-cadherin expression. In MDA-MB-231, both insulin-induced cell invasion and migration and EMT-related marker alteration were abolished by NR2F2 knockdown. Conclusions These results suggest that NR2F2 plays a critical role in insulin-mediated breast cancer cell invasion, migration through its effect on EMT.
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26
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Viedma-Rodríguez R, Martínez-Hernández MG, Martínez-Torres DI, Baiza-Gutman LA. Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Progression of Breast Cancer Promoted by Diabetes Mellitus in Mice Are Associated with Increased Expression of Glycolytic and Proteolytic Enzymes. Discov Oncol 2020; 11:170-181. [PMID: 32557212 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-020-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of breast cancer (BC) is influenced by age, overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus (DM), which are associated with hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. High glucose concentration increases a metastatic phenotype in cultured breast cancer cells, promoting cell proliferation, reactive species production (ROS), epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and expression of proteolytic enzymes. Our aim was to determine whether diabetes mellitus favor BC progression in mice and its association with changes in the content of ROS and glycolytic and proteolytic enzymes. Diabetes was induced in 7-week-old Balb/c mice, under 6-h fasting with a unique i. p. dose of streptozotocin 120 mg/kg. Furthermore, 4T1 breast cancer cells were injected beneath the nipple to induce tumors. G6PD, GAPDH, ENO1, uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, β-catenin, Snail, vimentin, and E-cadherin were measured by western blot and MPP-9 and MMP-2 by gel zymography. TBARS were measured as markers of the lipid peroxidation. Lower survival and increased tumor growth, together with marked EMT, were found in diabetic in comparison with nondiabetic mice. The effects of diabetes were associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and higher levels of glycolytic (G6PD, GAPDH, and ENO1) and proteolytic (uPA, MMP-9) enzymes. Possibly, hyperglycemia and ROS led to faster progression of breast cancer in diabetic mice, fomenting EMT and the expression of glycolytic and proteolytic enzymes. These enzymes participate in the supply of energy and precursors for macromolecular biosynthesis and extracellular matrix degradation during breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubí Viedma-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Ixtacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Martínez-Hernández
- Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Ixtacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Dante Israel Martínez-Torres
- Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Ixtacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman
- Unidad de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Ixtacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
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27
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Guo J, Ye F, Jiang X, Guo H, Xie W, Zhang Y, Sheng X. Drp1 mediates high glucose-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111880. [PMID: 32017930 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to clarify the role and molecular mechanism of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in high glucose (HG)-induced endometrial cancer (EC). Normal endometrium and tumor tissues of EC patients with normal and HG levels were collected, and Drp1 and p-Drp1 expression levels were detected by immunohistochemistry. Human EC cells were cultured with different glucose concentrations, and Drp1 and p-Drp1 expression levels were evaluated by Western blotting. Cell models of control and siDrp1 groups under normal and HG conditions were established, and subsequent functional experiments were conducted. Histology and in vitro experiments showed that the HG environment increased Drp1 activation, which could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the imbalance of mitochondrial homeostasis mediated by Drp1 resulted in cell dysfunction, including altered glucose metabolism and increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion. All these changes caused by HG could be partially alleviated by Drp1 knockdown. This study revealed that Drp1 was involved in the progression of EC associated with HG, and Drp1 might be a new potential therapeutic target for EC patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Antitumor Drug Transformation Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Xiaoping Jiang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong, 274300, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Wenli Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Xiugui Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China; National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China.
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28
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Shen Z, Jiao K, Teng M, Li Z. Activation of STAT-3 signalling by RECK downregulation via ROS is involved in the 27-hydroxycholesterol-induced invasion in breast cancer cells. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:126-136. [PMID: 31933392 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1715965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is an important and common tumour among women worldwide. We previously showed that 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) promoted the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells and activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) signalling through reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the regulation of STAT-3 signalling by ROS needs to be further explored. Here, we showed that 27HC caused the accumulation of cellular ROS, which upregulated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and increased the invasive ability of MCF7 and T47D cells. 27HC decreased the protein and mRNA levels of reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) in a time- and dose-dependent manner in MCF7 and T47D cells. RECK downregulation was mediated by 27HC-induced DNA methylation via ROS in MCF7 cells. RECK knockdown increased the activity and mRNA levels of MMP9, and promoted the invasion of MCF7 cells. We also found RECK knockdown upregulated the level of p-STAT-3 in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of RECK attenuated 27HC-induced invasion in MCF7 cells. RECK overexpression also inhibited p-STAT-3 upregulation induced by 27HC. Collectively, the results showed that DNA methylation induced by 27HC via ROS downregulated RECK, thereby activating the STAT-3 signalling pathway. RECK could serve as a novel target mediating the effect of 27HC on breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxia Shen
- Department of Child Health, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kailin Jiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengying Teng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Li W, Zhang X, Sang H, Zhou Y, Shang C, Wang Y, Zhu H. Effects of hyperglycemia on the progression of tumor diseases. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:327. [PMID: 31337431 PMCID: PMC6651927 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1309-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumors are often multifactorial. Epidemiological studies have shown that hyperglycemia raises the prevalence and mortality of certain malignancies, like breast, liver, bladder, pancreatic, colorectal, endometrial cancers. Hyperglycemia can promote the proliferation, invasion and migration, induce the apoptotic resistance and enhance the chemoresistance of tumor cells. This review focuses on the new findings in the relationship between hyperglycemia and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215228, China
| | - Hui Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chunyu Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215228, China. .,Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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30
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Sun S, Sun Y, Rong X, Bai L. High glucose promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by impairing angiotensinogen expression. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190436. [PMID: 31142626 PMCID: PMC6567675 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of investigations have addressed the importance of high glucose in breast cancer, however, the involvement of angiotensinogen (AGT) in this scenario is yet to be defined. Here we set out to analyze the potential pro-tumor effects of high glucose in breast cancer, and understand the underlying molecular mechanism. We demonstrated that high glucose promoted cell proliferation, viability, and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells. In addition, the migrative and invasive capacities were significantly enhanced by high glucose medium. Mechanistically, AGT expression was inhibited by high glucose at both transcriptional and translational levels. High AGT remarkably suppressed proliferation, inhibited viability, and compromised migration/invasion of breast cancer cells. Most importantly, ectopic introduction of AGT almost completely abrogated pro-tumor effects of high glucose. Our study has characterized the pro-tumor properties of high glucose in breast cancer cells, which is predominantly attributed to the suppression of AGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Sun
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Medical Image, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoping Rong
- Department of Pediatrics, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, No. 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei, China
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31
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Wang Y, Tan J, Wu H, Yi C. High Glucose Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Migration and Invasion in A20 Murine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Cells Through Increased Expression of High Mobility Group AT-Hook 2 (HMGA2). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3860-3868. [PMID: 31124542 PMCID: PMC6545067 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have been reported to be at increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of high-grade NHL. This study aimed to investigate the effects of high glucose on cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the expression of high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) in A20 murine DLBCL cells. Material/Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to analyze the expression of HMGA2 at the gene and protein level and EMT markers in the A20 murine DLBCL cell line. A transwell assay evaluated cell migration and invasion of A20 cells. Short-interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown HMGA2 expression. Results High glucose levels upregulated the expression of HMGA2, induced phenotypic changes of EMT, and increased cell migration and invasion in A20 cells. Knockdown of HMGA2 by siRNA effectively inhibited EMT induced by high glucose in A20 cells by directly regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusions In the A20 murine DLBCL cell line, high glucose upregulated the expression of HMGA2 to induce EMT and promote cell migration and invasion through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jingzhou First People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Hematology, Jingzhou First People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jingzhou First People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jingzhou First People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Panahi G, Pasalar P, Zare M, Rizzuto R, Meshkani R. High glucose induces inflammatory responses in HepG2 cells via the oxidative stress-mediated activation of NF-κB, and MAPK pathways in HepG2 cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:468-474. [PMID: 29364751 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1427764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high glucose (HG) on inflammation in HepG2 cells. METHODS The molecular mechanisms linking HG to inflammation was assessed in HepG2 cells exposed to HG (33 mM). RESULTS The results showed that HG significantly enhanced TNF-α, IL-6 and PAI-1 expression in HepG2 cells. Increased expression of cytokines was accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of JNK, P38, ERK and IKKα/IKKβ. In addition, JNK, ERK, P38 and NF-kB inhibitors could significantly attenuate HG-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and PAI-1. Furthermore, HG could promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while N-acetyl cysteine, a ROS scavenger, had an inhibitory effect on the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and PAI-1 in HG-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that HG-induced inflammation is mediated through the generation of ROS and activation of the MAPKs and NF-kB signalling pathways in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodratollah Panahi
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Parvin Pasalar
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mina Zare
- b Recombinant Protein Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- c Department of Biomedical Sciences , University of Padova , Padua , Italy
| | - Reza Meshkani
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Bergandi L, Mungo E, Morone R, Bosco O, Rolando B, Doublier S. Hyperglycemia Promotes Chemoresistance Through the Reduction of the Mitochondrial DNA Damage, the Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-XL Ratio, and the Cells in Sub-G1 Phase Due to Antitumoral Drugs Induced-Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:866. [PMID: 30150934 PMCID: PMC6099160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are common, chronic, and potentially fatal diseases that frequently co-exist. Observational studies clearly indicate that the risk of several types of cancer is increased in diabetic patients and a number of cancer types have shown a higher mortality rate in patients with hyperglycemic associated pathologies. This scenario could be due, at least in part, to a lower efficacy of the cancer treatments which needs to be better investigated. Here, we evaluated the effects of a prolonged exposure to high glucose (HG) to the response to chemotherapy on human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 and LOVO cell lines. We observed that hyperglycemia protected against the decreased cell viability and cytotoxicity and preserved from the mitochondrial DNA lesions induced by doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatments by lowering ROS production. In HT29 cells the amount of intracellular DOX and its nuclear localization were not modified by HG incubation in terms of Pgp, BCRP, MRP1, 5 and 8 activity and gene expression. On the contrary, in LOVO cells, the amount of intracellular DOX was significantly decreased after a bolus of DOX in HG condition and the expression and activity of MPR1 was increased, suggesting that HG promotes drug chemoresistance in both HT29 and LOVO cells, but in a different way. In both cell types, HG condition prevented the susceptibility to apoptosis by decreasing the ratio Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-XL and diminished the level of cytosolic cytochrome c and the cleavage of full length of PARP induced by DOX and 5-FU. Finally, hyperglycemia reduced cell death by decreasing the cell percentage in sub-G1 peak induced by DOX (via a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase) and 5-FU (via a cell cycle arrest in the S phase) in HT29 and LOVO cells. Taken together, our data showed that a prolonged exposure to HG protects human colon adenocarcinoma cells from the cytotoxic effects of two widely used chemotherapeutic drugs, impairing the effectiveness of the chemotherapy itself.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosa Morone
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ornella Bosco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Sharma P, Kumar S. Metformin inhibits human breast cancer cell growth by promoting apoptosis via a ROS-independent pathway involving mitochondrial dysfunction: pivotal role of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:637-650. [PMID: 30088260 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite a growing body of evidence indicating a potential efficacy of the anti-diabetic metformin as anti-cancer agent, the exact mechanism underlying this efficacy has remained largely unknown. Here, we aimed at assessing putative mechanisms associated with the ability of metformin to reduce the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. METHODS A battery of in vitro assays including MTT, colony formation, NBT and scratch wound healing assays were performed to assess the viability, proliferation, anti-oxidative potential and migration of breast cancer-derived MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays along with fluorescence microscopy were used to assess apoptotic parameters. Quantification of SOD, Bcl-2, Bax, MMPs, miR-21 and miR-155 expression was performed using qRT-PCR. RESULTS We found that metformin inhibited the growth, proliferation and clonogenic potential of the breast cancer-derived cells tested. ROS levels were found to be significantly reduced by metformin and, concomitantly, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms were found to be upregulated. Mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in metformin treated cells, indicating apoptosis. In metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells, migration was found to be suppressed by metformin through deregulation of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. The oncogenic microRNAs miR-21 and miR-155 were found to be downregulated by metformin, which may be correlated with the suppression of cell proliferation and/or migration. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that metformin may play a pivotal role in modulating the anti-oxidant system, including the SOD machinery, in breast cancer-derived cells. Our observations were validated by in silico analyses, indicating a close interaction between SOD and metformin. We also found that metformin may inhibit breast cancer-derived cell proliferation through apoptosis induction via the mitochondrial pathway. Finally, we found that metformin may modulate the pro-apoptotic Bax, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, miR-21 and miR-155 expression levels. These findings may be instrumental for the clinical management and/or (targeted) treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Sharma
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Centre for Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India.
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van Niekerk G, Engelbrecht AM. Role of PKM2 in directing the metabolic fate of glucose in cancer: a potential therapeutic target. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:343-351. [PMID: 29797241 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0383-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many of the hallmarks of cancer are not inherently unique to cancer, but rather represent a re-enactment of normal host responses and activities. A vivid example is aerobic glycolysis ('Warburg effect'), which is used not only by cancer cells but also by normal cells that undergo rapid proliferation. A common feature of this metabolic adaptation is a shift in the expression of pyruvate kinase (PK) isoform M1 to isoform M2. Here, we highlight the key role of PKM2 in shifting cancer metabolism between ATP production and biosynthetic processes. Since anabolic processes are highly energy dependent, the fate of glucose in energy production versus the contribution of carbon in biosynthetic processes needs to be finely synchronised. PKM2 acts to integrate cellular signalling and allosteric regulation of metabolites in order to align metabolic activities with the changing needs of the cell. CONCLUSIONS The central role of PKM2 in directing the flow of carbon between catabolic (ATP-producing) and anabolic processes provides unique opportunities for extending the therapeutic window of currently available and/or novel anti-neoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav van Niekerk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Wu J, Chen J, Xi Y, Wang F, Sha H, Luo L, Zhu Y, Hong X, Bu S. High glucose induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and results in the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:222-230. [PMID: 29896243 PMCID: PMC5995072 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Hyperglycemia, a chronic abnormality in diabetes, is an independent predictor of cancer-associated mortality in CRC. However, the underlying biological mechanism of hyperglycemia in CRC cells is largely unknown. In the present study, HCT-116 and HT-29 cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were assessed. In addition, the expression of epithelial (E)-cadherin, vimentin and high-mobility group A protein 2 (HMGA2) were assessed using western blotting. The results demonstrated that high glucose (HG; 30 mmol/l) caused CRC cells to lose their epithelial morphology, with a decrease in E-cadherin and an increase in vimentin, suggesting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, HG significantly enhanced the cell migration and invasion of CRC cells and the expression of HMGA2. Transfection with HMGA2 small interfering RNA reversed the HG-induced changes to CRC cells. In addition, HG promoted CRC cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis. The results of the present study suggest that hyperglycemia promotes EMT, proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC cells and may provide novel insights into the link between HG and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Wu
- Runliang Diabetes Laboratory, Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Runliang Diabetes Laboratory, Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xi
- Runliang Diabetes Laboratory, Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Runliang Diabetes Laboratory, Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Hongcun Sha
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315192, P.R. China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yabin Zhu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315192, P.R. China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Runliang Diabetes Laboratory, Diabetes Research Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Ran H, Zhu Y, Deng R, Zhang Q, Liu X, Feng M, Zhong J, Lin S, Tong X, Su Q. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis in response to glucose by suppressing PTEN. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:54. [PMID: 29530061 PMCID: PMC5848567 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients have a higher risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the main enzyme responsible for producing monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) from saturated fatty acids, is frequently deregulated in both diabetes and CRC. The function and mechanism of SCD1 in metastasis of CRC and its relevance to glucose remains largely unknown. METHODS SCD1 expression levels were analyzed in human CRC tissues and the Cancer Browser database ( https://genome-cancer.ucsc.edu/ ). CRC cell lines stably transfected with SCD1 shRNAs or vector were established to investigate the role of SCD1 in modulating migration and invasion of CRC cells. A glucose concentration gradient was set to investigate regulation of SCD1 in CRC relevant to diabetic conditions. RESULTS The clinical data analysis showed high expression of SCD1 in CRC tissues with a negative correlation with the prognosis of CRC. In vitro experiments revealed that SCD1 increased CRC progression through promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that SCD1 increased MUFA levels and MUFA administration could rescue migration and invasion defect of CRC cells induced by SCD1 knockdown. Furthermore, SCD1-mediated progression of CRC was promoted by carbohydrate response-element binding protein (ChREBP) in response to high glucose. Mechanistically, hyperglycemia-SCD1-MUFA induced CRC cell migration and invasion by regulating PTEN. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that SCD1 promotes metastasis of CRC cells through MUFA production and suppressing PTEN in response to glucose, which may be a novel mechanism for diabetes-induced CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ran
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yemin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ruyuan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Xisheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Ming Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Shuhai Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Xuemei Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 S. Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
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Sánchez-Santos A, Martínez-Hernández MG, Contreras-Ramos A, Ortega-Camarillo C, Baiza-Gutman LA. Hyperglycemia-induced mouse trophoblast spreading is mediated by reactive oxygen species. Mol Reprod Dev 2018; 85:303-315. [PMID: 29392783 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During embryo implantation, the outer layer of the blastocyst interacts with the endometrium giving rise to the development of the trophoblast cell lineage. The cells in this lineage participate in the penetration of endometrium due to their motility and invasive properties. The mechanisms that regulate the differentiation and invasive ability of these cells are essential for the establishment and maintenance of an efficient exchange between maternal and fetal tissues during pregnancy. In this context, hyperglycemia can induce oxidative stress causing alterations in the placenta. This study evaluated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the actions of high glucose concentration (HG) on trophoblast spreading and the expression of extracellular proteases in cultured mouse conceptuses. Blastocysts from gestational day 4 (GD4) were cultured until GD7 in HAM-F10 medium and further treated for 48 hr with HG (25 mM glucose) from GD7 to GD9. This treatment induced larger trophoblast outgrowths and increased ROS concentration, which was associated with increased expression levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). These effects were prevented by treatment with the non-specific antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Our data suggest that the HG-induced trophoblast spreading and the expression of PLAU, PAI-1, and MMP-9 were mediated by the production of ROS via NADPH oxidase activity. Our results shed light on placental alterations in gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Sánchez-Santos
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Unidad de Morfología y Función, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. Ciudad de México, México
| | - María G Martínez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Unidad de Morfología y Función, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Ramos
- Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo y Teratogénesis Experimental, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México DF, México
| | - Clara Ortega-Camarillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México DF, México
| | - Luis A Baiza-Gutman
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Unidad de Morfología y Función, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P. Ciudad de México, México
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Rodriguez-Monterrosas C, Díaz-Aragon R, Leal-Orta E, Cortes-Reynosa P, Perez Salazar E. Insulin induces an EMT-like process in mammary epithelial cells MCF10A. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4061-4071. [PMID: 29236310 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has been related with an increased risk of breast cancer, whereas it has been suggested that links between diabetes mellitus and cancer are hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation induced by adipose tissue. Contribution of hyperinsulinemia to carcinogenesis is mediated through resistance to endogenous insulin and by exogenous insulin used in treatment. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells are transdifferentiated to a mesenchymal state that has been implicated in cancer progression. However, the role of insulin in EMT process has not been studied in detail. In the present study, we demonstrate that insulin induces downregulation of E-cadherin expression, accompanied with an increase of N-cadherin and vimentin expression, and an increase of MMP-2 and -9 secretions. Insulin also induces FAK activation, an increase of NFκB DNA binding activity, migration, and invasion of mammary non-tumorigenic epithelial cells MCF10A. In addition, migration requires the activity of insulin receptors and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R). In summary, our results demonstrate that insulin induces an EMT-like process in MCF10A cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Díaz-Aragon
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Cinvestav-IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Leal-Orta
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Cinvestav-IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Pedro Cortes-Reynosa
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Cinvestav-IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Perez Salazar
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Cinvestav-IPN, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF, Mexico
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40
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Hyperglycemia and aberrant O-GlcNAcylation: contributions to tumor progression. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2018; 50:175-187. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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41
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Gallo M, Muscogiuri G, Felicetti F, Faggiano A, Trimarchi F, Arvat E, Vigneri R, Colao A. Adverse glycaemic effects of cancer therapy: indications for a rational approach to cancer patients with diabetes. Metabolism 2018; 78:141-154. [PMID: 28993227 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are common, chronic, and potentially fatal diseases that frequently co-exist. Observational studies have reported an increased risk of cancer in patients with diabetes. Furthermore, many patients with cancer already have diabetes, or develop hyperglycaemia as a consequence of the tumor or of cancer therapies, and coexisting diabetes confers a greater risk of mortality for many malignancies. Managing oncologic patients with diabetes is often complicated, since the co-existence of diabetes and cancer poses several complex clinical questions: what level of glycaemic control to achieve, which therapy to use, how to deal with glucocorticoid therapies and artificial nutrition, how diabetes complications can affect cancer management, which drug-drug interactions should be taken into account, or even how to manage diabetes at the end of life. In the clinical setting, both at hospital and at home, there are little agreed, evidence-based guidelines on the best management and criteria upon which clinical decisions should be based. A practical solution lies in the implementation of care networks based on communication and ongoing collaboration between Oncologists, Endocrinologists, and the nursing staff, with the patient at the centre of the care process. This manuscript aims to review the current evidence on the effect of cancer therapies on glucose metabolism and to address some of the more common challenges of diabetes treatment in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gallo
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Francesco Felicetti
- Transition Unit for Childhood Cancer Survivors, Department of Oncology, AOU Cittá della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale" - IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Trimarchi
- Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti at the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arvat
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Glucose insult elicits hyperactivation of cancer stem cells through miR-424-cdc42-prdm14 signalling axis. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1665-1675. [PMID: 29024936 PMCID: PMC5729435 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analysis shows that women with diabetes have a 20% increased risk of breast cancer and also an increased risk for distant metastasis and mortality. The molecular mechanisms for distant metastasis and mortality in breast cancer patients with diabetes are not very well understood. METHODS We compared the effect of physiological (5 mM) and diabetic (10 mM) levels of glucose on malignant breast epithelial cell invasion and stemness capabilities. We performed microRNA array to determine the dysregulated microRNAs in hyperglycaemic conditions and performed functional and molecular analysis of the gene targets. RESULTS Hyperglycaemia leads to hyperactivation of cancer stem cell pool and enhances invasive ability of breast cancer cells. MiR-424 seems to be a key regulator of cancer cell stemness and invasion. Knockdown of miR-424 in cancer cells under euglycaemic conditions leads to enhanced invasion and stem cell activity, whereas ectopic expression of miR-424 in cancer cells under hyperglycaemic conditions results in suppressed invasion and stem cell activity. Cdc42, a target of miR-424, influences cancer stem cell activity by positively regulating prdm14 through activation of pak1 (p-21-activated kinase 1) and stat5. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish miR-424→︀cdc42→︀prdm14 axis as a key molecular signalling cascade that might influence breast cancer progression in diabetic patients through hyperactivation of cancer stem cells.
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Taskoparan B, Seza EG, Demirkol S, Tuncer S, Stefek M, Gure AO, Banerjee S. Opposing roles of the aldo-keto reductases AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:563-578. [PMID: 28929377 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Aldo-keto reductases (including AKR1B1 and AKR1B10) constitute a family of oxidoreductases that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes and cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Available data indicate that, despite their similarities in structure and enzymatic functions, their roles in CRC may be divergent. Here, we aimed to determine the expression and functional implications of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 in CRC. METHODS AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 gene expression levels were analyzed using publicly available microarray data and ex vivo CRC-derived cDNA samples. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-seq data and The Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) proteome data were analyzed to determine the effect of high and low AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 expression levels in CRC patients. Proliferation, cell cycle progression, cellular motility, adhesion and inflammation were determined in CRC-derived cell lines in which these genes were either exogenously overexpressed or silenced. RESULTS We found that the expression of AKR1B1 was unaltered, whereas that of AKR1B10 was decreased in primary CRCs. GSEA revealed that, while high AKR1B1 expression was associated with increased cell cycle progression, cellular motility and inflammation, high AKR1B10 expression was associated with a weak inflammatory phenotype. Functional studies carried out in CRC-derived cell lines confirmed these data. Microarray data analysis indicated that high expression levels of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 were significantly associated with shorter and longer disease-free survival rates, respectively. A combined gene expression signature of AKR1B10 (low) and AKR1B1 (high) showed a better prognostic stratification of CRC patients independent of confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Despite their similarities, the expression levels and functions of AKR1B1 and AKR1B10 are highly divergent in CRC, and they may have prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Taskoparan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esin Gulce Seza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Secil Demirkol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Tuncer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara, Turkey
| | - Milan Stefek
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ali Osmay Gure
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara, Turkey.
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Matsui C, Takatani-Nakase T, Hatano Y, Kawahara S, Nakase I, Takahashi K. Zinc and its transporter ZIP6 are key mediators of breast cancer cell survival under high glucose conditions. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:3348-3359. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Matsui
- Department of Pharmaceutics; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Women's University; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Tomoka Takatani-Nakase
- Department of Pharmaceutics; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Women's University; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Yuki Hatano
- Department of Pharmaceutics; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Women's University; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Satomi Kawahara
- Department of Pharmaceutics; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Women's University; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center; Research Organization for the 21st Century; Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Japan
| | - Koichi Takahashi
- Department of Pharmaceutics; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Mukogawa Women's University; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
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Huang Y, Jin Q, Su M, Ji F, Wang N, Zhong C, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Yang J, Wei L, Chen T, Li B. Leptin promotes the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by upregulating ACAT2. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:537-547. [PMID: 28770546 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, it has been shown that obesity may be considered as a risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Leptin, a hormone whose level is elevated in obesity, has been suggested to be involved in the development of breast cancer, and univariate survival analyses have shown that over-expression of ACAT2, an enzyme that is involved in the production of cholesteryl esters, may be associated with a poor prognosis. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of leptin on the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, as well as to elucidate its underlying mode of action. METHODS Gene expression changes in leptin treated breast cancer-derived MCF-7, T47D and BT474 cells were assessed using PCR array, qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The expression patterns of Ob-R (leptin receptor) and ACAT2 in breast cancer cells and primary breast cancer tissue samples were analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Leptin-induced proliferation of breast cancer cells was assessed using a CCK8 assay, and scratch wound and Transwell assays were used to assess breast cancer cell invasion and migration. RESULTS We found that, among the genes tested, ACAT2 expression exhibited the most significant changes in the leptin treated cells. In addition, we found that inhibition of ACAT2 expression using pyripyropene A (PPPA) or siRNA-mediated gene silencing significantly decreased leptin-induced proliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and T47D cells. Subsequent Western blot analyses strongly indicated that the PI3K/AKT/SREBP2 signaling pathway was involved in leptin-induced ACAT2 upregulation in both MCF-7 and T47D cells. Finally, through the analysis of primary breast cancer tissue samples we found that ACAT2 may affect cancer progression through activation of the Ob-R. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that leptin may enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells via ACAT2 up-regulation through the PI3K/AKT/SREBP2 signaling pathway. Therefore, the leptin/ACAT2 axis may represent an attractive therapeutic target for breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal and/or obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qianni Jin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Su
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Feihu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Changli Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Otolarynology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Viedma-Rodríguez R, Martínez-Hernández MG, Flores-López LA, Baiza-Gutman LA. Epsilon-aminocaproic acid prevents high glucose and insulin induced-invasiveness in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, modulating the plasminogen activator system. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 437:65-80. [PMID: 28612231 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and type II diabetes mellitus have contributed to the increase of breast cancer incidence worldwide. High glucose concentration promotes the proliferation of metastatic cells, favoring the activation of the plasminogen/plasmin system, thus contributing to tumor progression. The efficient formation of plasmin is dependent on the binding of plasminogen to the cell surface. We studied the effect of ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA), an inhibitor of the binding of plasminogen to cell surface, on proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and plasminogen activation system, in metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells grown in a high glucose microenvironment and treated with insulin. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with EACA 12.5 mmol/L under high glucose 30 mmol/L (HG) and high glucose and insulin 80 nmol/L (HG-I) conditions, evaluating: cell population growth, % of viability, migratory, and invasive abilities, as well as the expression of uPA, its receptor (uPAR), and its inhibitor (PAI-1), by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNAs were evaluated by RT-PCR. Markers of EMT were evaluated by Western blot. Additionally, the presence of active uPA was studied by gel zymography, using casein-plasminogen as substrates. EACA prevented the increase in cell population, migration and invasion induced by HG and insulin, which was associated with the inhibition of EMT and the attenuation of HG- and insulin-dependent expression of uPA, uPAR, PAI-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, α-enolase (ENO A), and HCAM. The interaction of plasminogen to the cell surface and plasmin formation are mediators of the prometastasic action of hyperglycemia and insulin, potentially, EACA can be employed in the prevention and as adjuvant treatment of breast tumorigenesis promoted by hyperglycemia and insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubí Viedma-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Martínez-Hernández
- Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Antonio Flores-López
- Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman
- Unidad de Morfofisiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.
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Sharma R, Sharma R, Khaket TP, Dutta C, Chakraborty B, Mukherjee TK. Breast cancer metastasis: Putative therapeutic role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:199-208. [PMID: 28534212 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a notable cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Metastasis to distant organs is responsible for ~90% of this death. Breast cells convert to malignant cancer cells after acquiring the capacity of invasion/intravasation into surrounding tissues and, finally, extravasation/metastasis to distant organs (i.e., lymph nodes, lungs, bone, brain). Metastasis to distant organs depends on interactions between disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and the endothelium of blood vessels present in the tumor microenvironment. Among several known endothelial adhesion molecules, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) has been found to be involved in this process. It has been shown that VCAM-1 is aberrantly expressed in breast cancer cells and that it can bind to its natural ligand α4β1integrin, also denoted as very late antigen 4 (VLA-4). This binding appears to be responsible for the metastasis of breast cancer cells to lung, bone and brain. The α4β1 integrin - VCAM-1 interaction thus represents a potential therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer cells. The development of inhibitors of this interaction may be instrumental for the clinical management of breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This study focuses on recent progress on the role of VCAM-1, an important glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell surface adhesion molecules in breast cancer angiogenesis, survival and metastasis. Targeting VCAM-1, expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells, and/or its specific ligand VLA-4/α4β1 integrin, expressed on cells at the site of metastasis, may be a useful strategy to reduce breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Various approaches to therapeutically target VCAM-1 and VLA-4 are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Rohini Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Tejinder Pal Khaket
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanchala Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Bornisha Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India.
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Abstract
Background Women with diabetes have a worse survival after breast cancer diagnosis compared to women without diabetes. This may be due to a different etiological profile, leading to the development of more aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Our aim was to investigate whether insulin and non-insulin treated women with diabetes develop specific clinicopathological breast cancer subtypes compared to women without diabetes. Methods and Findings This cross-sectional study included randomly selected patients with invasive breast cancer diagnosed in 2000–2010. Stratified by age at breast cancer diagnosis (≤50 and >50 years), women with diabetes were 2:1 frequency-matched on year of birth and age at breast cancer diagnosis (both in 10-year categories) to women without diabetes, to select ~300 patients with tumor tissue available. Tumor MicroArrays were stained by immunohistochemistry for estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER, PR), HER2, Ki67, CK5/6, CK14, and p63. A pathologist scored all stains and revised morphology and grade. Associations between diabetes/insulin treatment and clinicopathological subtypes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Morphology and grade were not significantly different between women with diabetes (n = 211) and women without diabetes (n = 101), irrespective of menopausal status. Premenopausal women with diabetes tended to have more often PR-negative (OR = 2.44(95%CI:1.07–5.55)), HER2-negative (OR = 2.84(95%CI:1.11–7.22)), and basal-like (OR = 3.14(95%CI:1.03–9.60) tumors than the women without diabetes, with non-significantly increased frequencies of ER-negative (OR = 2.48(95%CI:0.95–6.45)) and triple negative (OR = 2.60(95%CI:0.88–7.67) tumors. After adjustment for age and BMI, the associations remained similar in size but less significant. We observed no evidence for associations of clinicopathological subtypes with diabetes in postmenopausal women, or with insulin treatment in general. Conclusions We found no compelling evidence that women with diabetes, treated with or without insulin, develop different breast cancer subtypes than women without diabetes. However, premenopausal women with diabetes tended to develop breast tumors that do not express hormonal receptors, which are typically associated with poor prognosis.
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